Unit1单词讲解课件 2026-2027学年人教版八年级英语上册

该初中英语课件聚焦八年级上册8个单元核心词汇，从词形变换、常考短语到词义辨析系统讲解，通过单元主题导入，构建“基础讲解-拓展应用-分层练习”的学习支架，帮助学生衔接前后知识。 其亮点在于紧扣语言能力培养，如“ancient与old”辨析强化词汇应用，结合思维品质训练，通过“scarf复数考点”等细节提升辨析能力，学习能力方面设计“小试牛刀”到“拔高巩固”分层练习。学生能系统掌握词汇，教师可直接用于教学，提高效率。

八上英语单词讲解 English vocabulary explanation for the first volume of Grade 8 课件中标红部分为重点考点 1 目 录/contents 01 Unit 1 Happy Holiday Unit 2 Home Sweet Home Unit 3 Same or Different? Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal! Unit 6 Plan for Yourself Unit 7 When Tomorrow Comes Unit 8 Let's Communicate! 2 1. ancient /ˈeɪnʃənt/ adj. 古代的；古老的 词形变换: ancientness n. 古老；悠久 常考短语： from ancient times 自古以来 in ancient times 在古代； 词义辨析： ancient 侧重年代久远，多用于古迹文明 old 通用，可形容人、普通旧物 拓展考点：ancient 不可形容人 例句：We visited many ancient buildings on our vacation. 3 2. camp /kæmp/ n. 营地；露营地 v. 露营；宿营 词形变换：camping n. 露营（动名词） camper n.露营者 常考短语：summer camp 夏令营 go camping 去露营 词性区分: 名词 camp = 营地 动名词 camping = 露营这项活动 例句：We set up a camp near the river. We will camp in the mountains this weekend. 4 3. landscape /ˈlændskeɪp/ n. 风景；景色 拓展辨析： landscape 多指山野自然风光，可数名词 scenery 整体风景，不可数名词 例句： The mountain landscape looks amazing. She painted the beautiful landscape. 5 4. strange /streɪndʒ/ adj. 奇怪的；陌生的；令人不自在的 词形变换： strangely adv. 奇怪地 stranger n. 陌生人；外地人 strangeness n.奇怪 拓展考点：be strange to sth. 对……生疏 例句： I heard a strange sound last night. It’s strange to meet so many strangers here. 6 5. vacation /veɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. 假期；度假 常考短语：on vacation 在度假 take a vacation 去度假 拓展同义：holiday（英式）；vacation（美式长假期） 例句： Where will you go on vacation this summer? We enjoyed our winter vacation very much. 7 6. fantastic /fænˈtæstɪk/ adj. 极好的；吸引人的 词形变换： fantastically adv. 奇特地；难以置信地 fantasy n. 幻想；白日梦；幻觉 拓展同义：wonderful, great 例句： The trip was really fantastic. That’s fantastic news for everyone. 8 7. town /taʊn/ n. 镇；商业区 拓展辨析： town n. 城镇 city n. 大城市 village n.村庄 常考短语： in the town 在镇上 例句： We go shopping in the town every weekend. 9 8. breath /breθ/ n. 呼吸；气息；一口气 词形变换： breathe v. 呼吸 breathless adj. 喘不过气的；停止呼吸的 breathlessly adv. 气喘地；屏息地 常考短语： take a deep breath 深呼吸 out of breath 喘不过气来;气喘吁吁 例句： Please breathe slowly when you are nervous. 10 9.take sb’s breath away 令人惊叹；让人叹绝 易混辨析（考试高频坑） take one's breath away 惊艳、震撼（褒义，形容美好事物） hold one's breath 屏住呼吸（紧张、等待时） 例句： The beautiful mountains took my breath away. I held my breath to watch the magic show. 11 10. especially /ɪˈspeʃəli/ adv. 尤其；特别 • 词形变换： special adj. 特别的 specially adv. 专门地 • 核心用法 ① 放在名词/形容词前，强调突出某事物 I like fruit, especially apples. ② 用于分句中间，补充强调偏好、事物特点 I love travelling, especially visiting small towns. 12 11.steamed /stiːmd/chicken soup 汽锅鸡 单词拆分： steamed /stiːmd/ adj. 蒸制的 steam v. 蒸；n. 蒸汽 chicken /ˈtʃɪkɪn/ n. 鸡肉（不可数）；小鸡（可数） soup /suːp/ n. 汤（不可数） 例句： Steamed chicken soup is a famous local dish in Yunnan. 13 12. anywhere /ˈeniweə(r)/ adv. & pron. 在任何地方 拓展用法：用于否定句、疑问句 肯定句用somewhere 例句： I can’t find my key anywhere. You can go anywhere you like on vacation. 14 13. nothing /ˈnʌθɪŋ/ pron. 没有事；没有任何东西 词形变换：nothingness n. 虚无 短语：nothing but 只有；只是 拓展语法：nothing 作主语，谓语动词用单数 例句： I know nothing about this place. He wants nothing but a quiet holiday. 15 14. guide /ɡaɪd/ n. 导游；指南；手册 v. 给某人领路；指导 词形变换：guidance n. 指导；引导 guide n.指导者 短语：guide sb. in doing sth. 指导某人做某事 例句： The guide showed us ancient buildings. She guided me to learn English well. 16 15. scenery /ˈsiːnəri/ n. 风景；景色 拓展辨析： scenery 不可数名词，整体自然风光 landscape 可数名词/不可数名词，具体山水景色 例句： The mountain scenery is amazing. We took photos of the beautiful scenery. 17 16. silk /sɪlk/ n. 丝绸；（蚕）丝 拓展搭配：silk scarf 丝巾 silk clothes 丝绸衣物 词形变换：silky adj.柔软光滑的 例句： This scarf is made of soft silk. Ancient people loved silk clothes. 18 17. scarf /skɑːf/ n. 围巾；披巾 词形变换：scarves n. 围巾（复数） 拓展复数考点：scarf 两种复数 scarves / scarfs，考试优先scarves 例句： He wears a yellow scarf in winter. I bought two silk scarves. 19 18. ready /ˈredi/ adj. 准备好的；现成的 词形变换：readily adv. 乐意地 常考短语：get/be ready to do sth. 马上要（做某事） get/be ready for sth. 为某事做好准备 例句： We are ready to go camping. All food is ready for dinner. 20 19.ready to do sth 马上要（做某事）；愿意做（某事） • 核心短语：be ready to do sth. 准备好做某事；乐于做某事 get ready to do sth. 着手准备去做某事 be ready for + 名词 为……做好准备 get ready for + 名词 开始为……做准备 词义两层区分： ① 表状态：准备好了，马上要行动 ② 表性格：心甘情愿、乐于助人 be ready 和 get ready 区别： be ready 是静态，代表“已经准备完成” get ready 是动态，代表“正在准备的过程”。 • 例句： She is always ready to help her classmates. 21 20. somewhere /ˈsʌmweə(r)/ adv. 在某处；到某处 拓展用法：肯定句专用；否定/疑问换anywhere 例句： I want to go somewhere quiet on holiday. My pen is somewhere in the bag. 22 21. myself /maɪˈself/ pron. 我自己 拓展考点： by myself 独自 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 例句： I finished the trip all by myself. I can look after myself well. 23 22.nothing but 只有；只是 • 核心短语拓展：nothing but = only 仅仅，只 • 语法规则：but 后可接名词、代词、动词原形 前面有do/does/did时，but后只用动词原形。 • 词义区分：nothing but 侧重“除了…之外什么都没有”，语气比only更强。 • 易混辨析： anything but 根本不，绝不 all but 几乎，差不多 There is nothing but… 这儿只有…… • 例句： I want nothing but a quiet rest. 24 23. hotel /həʊˈtel/ n. 旅馆；旅社 同义拓展：hotel 大酒店 inn 小客栈 例句： We stayed in a clean hotel by the lake. This hotel has a fantastic view. 25 24. comfortable /ˈkʌmftəbl/ adj. 使人舒服的；舒适的 词形变换： comfortably adv. 舒适地 comfort v. 安慰 uncomfortable adj.不舒服的 例句： The hotel beds are very comfortable. We live a comfortable life. 26 25. bored /bɔːd/ adj. 厌倦的；感到厌烦的 词形变换： boring adj. 令人乏味的 bore v. 使厌烦 拓展辨析：bored 修饰人 boring 修饰事物 例句： I feel bored at home alone. He was bored with the long trip. 27 26. sky /skaɪ/ n. 天；天空 固定搭配：in the sky 在天上 例句： The sky is blue and clear today. We saw clouds in the sky. 28 27. towards /təˈwɔːdz/ prep. 向；朝 词形变换：toward prep. 向；朝 例句： Walk towards the mountain, and you will see the lake. She ran towards her parents. 29 28. rainbow /ˈreɪnbəʊ/ n. 虹；彩虹 拓展常识： rainbow 雨后出现，搭配 a rainbow rainbows 复数形式 例句： A beautiful rainbow appeared after rain. We took pictures of the rainbow. 30 29. square /skweə(r)/ n. 广场；正方形；平方 adj. 正方形的；平方的 拓展短语： town square 城镇广场 square meter 平方米 例句： Many people walk on the town square. This box is square. 31 30. during /ˈdjʊərɪŋ/ prep. 在……期间 核心区别 during：强调在某一段完整时间过程当中，后面接事件/时段名词（vacation、class、summer） for：用来表示动作持续多久，后面接数字+时间单位（for two weeks） 例句： I read many books during the vacation. Don’t speak during the class. 32 31.victory /vɪkˈtɔːri/ n. 胜利；成功 词形变换：victorious adj. 胜利的；成功的 例句： We shouted for our victory. This game is a great victory for us. 33 32. Russia /ˈrʌʃə/ n. 俄罗斯 词形变换： Russian adj. 俄罗斯的；俄罗斯人的 n. 俄罗斯人；俄语 例句： He plans to travel to Russia. Russian people love beautiful scenery. 34 33. fight /faɪt/ n. 战斗；搏斗 v. 打仗；打架 短语：fight for… 为……而战 fight with… 与……打架 fight against sb./sth. 与……作战 拓展变形考点：不规则变化 fight - fought - fought 例句： Don’t fight with your classmates. They fight for their beautiful hometown. 35 34. against /əˈɡenst/ prep. 反对；与……相反；紧靠 短语：fight against 对抗 拓展考点：against 是介词，不能单独作谓语 例句： He stands against the wall quietly. We fight against bad habits. 36 35.fight against sb/sth 与......作战；与......作斗争 • 核心短语：fight against sb/sth 对抗某人、抵抗某物 fight with sb 和某人并肩作战；和某人吵架 fight for sth 为……而奋斗、争取 • 介词辨析 against：表对立、对抗敌人/困难/疾病； for：表目的，为了某种事物拼搏； with ：①协同作战 ②与某人争吵。 固定搭配：fight against difficulties 与困难作斗争 fight against illness 对抗疾病 • 例句： We should fight against bad habits. 37 36. artwork /ˈɑːtwɜːk/ n. 艺术作品；插图 拓展常识： 表泛指艺术品时为不可数名词 特指多份插画、设计稿，复数形式 artworks 例句： There is great artwork in the museum. This artwork shows ancient buildings. 38 37. thousands of 数以千计的；成千上万的 拓展数字考点： thousand 前有数字不加s 模糊搭配thousands of加s 例句： Thousands of visitors come here every year. Thousands of ancient stones stand on the hill. 39 38. tear /tɪə(r)/ n. 眼泪；泪水 词形变换：tearful adj. 含泪的 固定搭配：tears run down one’s face 泪水流下脸颊 例句： Tears ran down her face. He wiped his tears quickly. 40 39. remind /rɪˈmaɪnd/ v. 提醒；使想起 词形变换：reminder n. 提示物 常考短语： remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事 例句： Please remind me to take my bag. This photo reminds me of my vacation. 41 40. peace /piːs/ n. 和平；太平 词形变换：peaceful adj. 和平的；平静的 peacefully adv. 平静地 短语：in peace 和平地 拓展反义词：war 战争 例句： We all love peace. I want to live in peace in the countryside. 42 41. easily /ˈiːzəli/ adv. 容易地；轻易地 词形变换：easy adj. 容易的 uneasy adj. 不安的；焦虑的 ease n. 容易;自在 短语： be easy to do sth. 容易做某事 例句： You can finish this task easily. This word is easy to remember. 43 42. forget /fəˈɡet/ v. 忘记 • 词形变换：forgot （过去式） forgotten（过去分词） forgetful adj. 健忘的，只修饰人 forgetfulness n. 健忘 unforgettable adj. 难忘的，修饰事物 • 常考短语：forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 forget about sth. 忘掉某事 • 例句： Don’t forget to take your passport when you go abroad. I forgot meeting her at noon last week. 44 43. noon /nuːn/ n. 中午，正午 • 常考短语：at noon 在正午 • 中考拓展考点： 固定搭配at noon，中间不加定冠词the 同类固定搭配at night、at midnight都无the • 例句： We plan to get together in the sun at noon. 45 44. sick /sɪk/ adj. 生病的；恶心反胃的 • 词形变换：sickness n. 疾病；恶心 • 常考短语：get sick 生病 feel sick 感到恶心反胃 • 中考拓展考点： sick可放名词前作定语,sick还可表示“反胃想吐” ill只能作表语，不能说an ill man ,ill仅表“生病” • 例句： She couldn’t go out because she got sick yesterday. 46 45. metro /ˈmetrəʊ/ n. 地下铁道系统；地铁 • 词形变换：metros（复数） • 常考短语：take the metro 乘坐地铁 by metro 乘地铁 • 中考拓展考点： by+交通工具中间不加the 同义替换subway（美式）、underground（英式） • 例句： I often take the metro to the train station. 47 46. station /ˈsteɪʃn/ n. 车站；局，所 • 词形变换：stations（复数） • 常考短语：train station 火车站 police station 警察局 bus station 汽车站 TV station 电视台 • 拓展考点： station指大型固定站点 stop指路边临时停靠点（公交小站） • 例句： The tall tree is not far from the bus station. 48 47. palace /ˈpæləs/ n. 王宫；宫殿 • 词形变换：palaces（复数） • 常考短语：the Palace Museum 故宫博物院 • 中考拓展考点：专有地名每个实词首字母必须大写；定冠词the加普通名词构成专有地标 • 例句： Many tourists visit the old palace every year. 49 48. accordion /əˈkɔːdiən/ n. 手风琴 • 词形变换：accordions（复数） • 常考短语：play the accordion 拉手风琴 • 中考拓展考点： 所有乐器名词前必须加定冠词the 球类运动不加the , play football • 例句： The little girl can play the accordion very well. 50 49. together /təˈɡeðə(r)/ adv. 一起；相聚 • 常考短语： get together 聚会，相聚 work together 合作 • 中考拓展考点： 副词常规放句尾 get together 节假日书面表达高频短语 • 例句： My family will get together during the holiday. 51 50. in the sun 在阳光下 • 易混配对短语：under the sun 天底下；全世界 • 短语辨析： in the sun：在阳光下（晒太阳） under the sun：世上、天底下（多用于疑问句、否定句） 常用搭配：read in the sun 在阳光下看书 play in the sun 在阳光下玩耍 • 例句： Don’t read books in the sun. It’s bad for your eyes. 52 51. tower /ˈtaʊə(r)/ n. 塔；塔楼 • 词形变换：towers（复数） • 常见短语：TV tower 电视塔；the Eiffel Tower 埃菲尔铁塔 • 中考拓展考点： 地标专有名词首字母大写 tower指高塔建筑，building泛指普通楼房 • 例句： We can see a huge tower in that faraway town. 53 52. might /maɪt/ modal v. 可以；可能 • 词形变换：原形 may 过去式 might • 短语：might as well 倒不如 • 中考拓展考点： 过去时态统一用might；虚拟语气基础词 推测语气比may更弱，表极小可能性 • 例句： He might forget his travel budget plan. 54 53. budget /ˈbʌdʒɪt/ n. 预算；v. 把……编入预算；精打细算 • 词形变换： budgets（名词复数/单三形式） budgeted（动词过去式） • 常考短语： travel budget 旅行预算 budget money 规划开支 • 例句： You should make a travel budget before your trip. She budgets her pocket money every month. 55 54. passport /ˈpɑːspɔːt/ n. 护照 • 词形变换：passports（复数） • 短语：apply for a passport 办理护照 lose one’s passport 丢失护照 • 中考拓展考点：出国旅行类阅读高频词汇；可数名词，单数前加a • 例句： You need a passport to visit foreign countries. 56 55. forgetful /fəˈɡetfl/ adj. 健忘的；好忘事的 • 词形变换：forget v. 忘记； forgetfulness n. 健忘 unforgettable adj. 难忘的 • 常考短语：be forgetful of sth. 忘记某物 • 例句： My grandfather is old and a little forgetful. 57 56. faraway /ˈfɑːrəweɪ/ adj. 远方的；遥远的 • 短语：a faraway village 一个遥远的村庄 • 中考拓展考点： 只能放在名词前作定语，不能作表语 表语用far away（分开写） • 例句： He comes from a faraway small town. 58 57. regular /ˈreɡjələ(r)/ adj. 平常的；有规律的；定期的 • 词形变换：regularly adv. 定期地 irregular adj. 无规律的 regularity n. 规律性 • 常见短语：regular time 固定时间 regular exercise 规律运动 • 例句： I keep a regular sleep schedule every day. 59 58. countryside /ˈkʌntrisaɪd/ n. 乡村；农村 • 词形变换：无复数（集合名词） • 短语：in the countryside 在乡下 • 中考拓展考点： 固定介词搭配in，不用on； 同义替换village（小村庄），countryside泛指整片乡村 • 例句： We spent three days relaxing in the countryside. 60 59. turn around 翻身；翻转 • 词形变换：turn v. 转动；变成；n. 轮流 turned（过去式/过去分词） • 常考短语：turn on 打开 turn off 关闭 turn up 调大 turn down 调小 take turns to do 轮流做 • 中考拓展考点：turn为系动词，后接颜色/天气形容词，不加be动词 • 例句： She turned around and saw me. 61 60. surprised /səˈpraɪzd/ adj. 惊喜的；惊讶的 • 词形变换：surprise n. 惊喜 / v.使惊讶 surprised adj. 感到惊讶的； surprising adj. 令人惊讶的 surprisingly adv. 惊讶地 • 常考短语：be surprised to do sth. 做某事感到惊讶 be surprised at sth. 对某事吃惊 to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 • 中考拓展考点：ed修饰人感受，ing修饰事物本身 • 例句： I am surprised to hear this strange news. To my surprise, he finished the hard task alone. 62 61. deer /dɪə(r)/ n. 鹿 • 词形变换：单复数同形 deer • 常考短语：a deer 一只鹿 two deer 两只鹿 • 中考拓展考点：单复数不变名词（deer、sheep） • 例句： We saw three deer walking in the woods. 63 62 . probably /ˈprɒbəbli/ adv. 很可能；大概 • 词形变换：probable adj. 很可能的 improbable adj. 不大可能的 improbably adv. 不可能地 probability n. 可能性 • 常考短语：most probably 极有可能 • 中考拓展考点：be动词后，实义动词前；写作替换perhaps/possibly • 例句： He will probably forget his budget without a note. 64 63. look for 寻找 • 词形变换：looked for（过去式） • 常考短语：look for sth. 寻找某物 look for sb. 寻找某人 • 中考拓展考点： look for 强调寻找过程 find 强调找到的结果 • 例句： I looked for my key everywhere in the room. 65 小试牛刀 1. The little girl is strange ______ riding bikes, so she often falls down. A. at B. to C. for D. with 2. I held my ______ and hid behind trees when the wild animal passed by. A. breath B. breathe C. breathing D. breathes 3. The mountain trip was amazing, ______ when we watched the sunrise. A. special B. specially C. especially D. especial 4. —Where did you go during vacation? —I didn’t go ______. I stayed home all the time. A. somewhere B. anywhere C. everywhere D. nowhere 5. Two ______ are put on the sofa in our hotel room. A. scarf B. scarfs C. scarves D. B and C 6. All players are ready ______ against the strong team tomorrow morning. A. fight B. to fight C. fighting D. fought 7. He felt ______ with the ______ mountain scenery in the quiet town. A. bored; boring B. boring; bored C. bored; bored D. boring; boring 8. Thousands of ______ come to enjoy natural landscapes every summer. A. visitor B. visitors C. visit D. visiting 9. It is easy ______ lost in mountains without a professional tour guide. A. get B. to get C. getting D. got 10. The boy fought ______ his elder brother ______ a silk scarf yesterday. A. with; for B. against; with C. for; with D. against; for 11. This hotel offers ______ rooms for travellers from different countries. A. comfortable B. comfortably C. comfort D. comforting 12. —Did you find ______ interesting on the square? —No, I found ______ special there at all. A. anything; nothing B. everything; nothing C. something; anything D. nothing; anything 13. The guide reminds us ______ touch the ancient artworks in the museum. A. don’t B. to not C. not to D. not 14. Many ______ speak Russian and love ancient Chinese old buildings. A. Russia B. Russian C. Russians D. Russias 能力提升 1. Lots of ________ (ancient) houses stand at the foot of the mountain. 2. We spent three days ________ (camp) beside the lake last summer. 3. The beautiful ____________ (landscape) in Guilin attract lots of tourists. 4. It’s ________ (strange) that he gave up the trip without a word. 5. My sister is strange to ________ (climb) high rocky mountains. 6. During summer ________ (vacation), most students choose to go travelling. ancient camping landscapes strange climb vacation 7. The mountain view is ______________ (fantastic) than we expected. 8. He told ________ (something) to me, so I know nothing about his plan. 9. The experienced ________ (guide) showed us the safest mountain route. 10. Her soft ________ (silk) scarf matches her white coat perfectly. 11. There are two ______________ (scarf) hanging behind the hotel door. 12. All members are ready ________ (finish) the hiking task before sunset. more fantastic nothing guide silk scarves/scarfs to finish 拔高巩固 Last summer 1.________ (vacation), I visited an old mountain town with my classmates. There are plenty of 2.________ (ancient) stone buildings everywhere, and the natural 3._____________ (landscape) took our breath away. We planned 4.________ (camp) by a clear lake outside the town. At first, I felt a little 5.________ (bore) because I was strange to outdoor activities. But the 6.________ (special) local guide taught us to take deep 7.________ (breath) to relax ourselves. We also met some 8.________ (Russia) tourists. They didn’t 9.________ (fight) with anyone and enjoyed local 10.________ (artwork) quietly in the town square. We all had an unforgettable fantastic trip. artworks vacation ancient landscapes to camp bored special breaths Russian fight Thanks for watching 72 null 2019 74526.805 $