Unit 2 Success（知识清单）英语北师大版选择性必修一册

该高中英语Unit 2 Success知识清单系统整合词汇（含阅读、写作、变形等）、语法（动名词、冠词）、写作（句型、任务）及知识点精讲、易错点分析等内容，搭建从基础积累到语法应用再到语用实践的递进式学习支架。 清单通过分类分级呈现知识体系，如词汇按功能分模块，语法结合实例解析，突出实用性设计，如易错点“devote to中to为介词”配辨析及对点训练，写作范文含句式结构分析，培养学生语言能力和思维品质，助力学生自主梳理知识，教师可据此优化教学环节。

Unit 2 Success 词汇 一、阅读词汇： 1. make sense 有道理；讲得通 2. put in 投入（时间、精力） 3. lead a…life 过……样的生活 4. remind sb. of… 提醒某人…… 5. the key to success 成功的关键 6. get on 进展；相处 7. drop out 辍学；退出 8. turn one‘s back on/upon… 背弃；拒绝 9. give away 赠送；泄露 10. dream up 构思；幻想 11. be tired of 厌倦…… 12. a symbol of success 成功的象征 13. charity shop 慈善商店 14. true meaning of life 生命真正的意义 15. one’s ultimate goal 某人的最终目标 16. start up 创业；开办 17. check out 查看；核实 18. make a to-do list 制定待办清单 19. remove hunger 消除饥饿 20. quit one’s job 辞职 21. have no chance of doing 没有机会做某事 22. a minimum of 至少；最低限度 23. boil down to sth. 归根结底 24. stay in 坚持；维持 25. push sb. to the limit 逼迫某人达到极限 26. be left with 留下；剩下 27. set sb./sth. apart (from) 将……与……区分开 28. live one‘s life to extremes 生活走向极端 29. push the limits and extremes 挑战极限 30. on a day-to-day basis 日复一日 31. retire from 从……退休 32. earn the name of 以……名义 33. sit back 袖手旁观；坐享其成 34. go into 进入；从事 35. go under 下沉；失败 36. comfort zone 舒适区 37. to cut a long story short 长话短说 38. the up-and-coming generation 新生代 39. have a strong will 意志坚定 40. pass over 忽视；不予考虑 41. graduation ceremony 毕业典礼 二、写作词汇： 1. be appreciative of… 对……心怀感激 2. be regarded as 被视作…… 3. achieve success 取得成功 4. be pleased to do 乐意做某事 5. a sense of achievement 成就感 6. devote…to… 致力于；奉献 7. set goals 设定目标 8. prepare…for… 为……做准备 9. convince sb. to do 说服某人做某事 10. lead to 导致；引起 11. keep trying 不断尝试 12. a positive attitude 积极的态度 13. an advantage over… 相较于……有优势 14. apply oneself to sth. 全力以赴做某事 15. be born with 天生具有 16. be willing to do 愿意做某事 17. focus on 专注于 18. be committed to sth./doing 致力于某事/做某事 19. rather than 而不是 20. apart from 除……之外 21. take on 承担；接纳 22. come up with 想出；提出 23. be about to do 即将要做 24. further one’s studies 深造 25. have faith in 相信；对……有信心 26. in need of 需要；缺少 27. free sb. to do 释放某人去做某事 28. prevent…from… 阻止……做…… 29. put simply 简单来说 三、词汇变形： 1. ultimate（形容词，最终的；终极的）→ultimately（副词，最终；根本上） 形容词添加副词后缀-ly，得到副词ultimately。 2. symbol（名词，象征；符号）→symbolise/symbolize（动词，象征；代表） 名词添加动词后缀-ise/-ize，得到动词symbolise/symbolize。 3. appreciate（动词，感激；欣赏）→appreciation（名词，感激；欣赏） 动词添加名词后缀-ation，得到名词appreciation。 4. hunger（名词，饥饿；渴望）→hungry（形容词，饥饿的；渴望的） 名词添加形容词后缀-ry，得到形容词hungry。 5. guilty（形容词，内疚的；有罪的）→guilt（名词，内疚；罪行） 形容词去掉后缀-y，得到本源名词guilt。 6. devote（动词，奉献；致力于）→devotion（名词，奉献；挚爱） 动词添加名词后缀-otion，得到名词devotion。 7. convince（动词，说服；使确信）→conviction（名词，确信；定罪） 动词变换词尾并添加名词后缀-iction，得到名词conviction。 8. influential（形容词，有影响力的）→influence（名词，影响；势力） 形容词去掉后缀-tial，得到本源名词influence。 9. production（名词，生产；产品）→produce（动词，生产；制造） 名词去掉名词后缀-uction，还原动词produce。 10. reject（动词，拒绝；排斥）→rejection（名词，拒绝；驳回） 动词添加名词后缀-ion，得到名词rejection。 11. motivating（形容词，激励性的）→motivate（动词，激励；激发） 形容词去掉-ing后缀，还原动词motivate。 12. countless（形容词，无数的）→count（动词，数数；计算） 形容词去掉表否定的后缀-less，得到本源动词count。 13. academic（形容词，学术的；学院的）→academy（名词，学院；研究院） 形容词变换词尾，得到本源名词academy。 14. defensive（形容词，防御的；自卫的）→defence/defense（名词，防御；辩护） 形容词去掉后缀-ive，得到名词defence/defense。 15. defensive（形容词，防御的；自卫的）→defend（动词，防御；保卫） 形容词去掉后缀-ive，得到本源动词defend。 16. length（名词，长度）→long（形容词，长的） 名词去掉名词后缀-th，得到本源形容词long。 17. injured（形容词，受伤的）→injury（名词，伤害；损伤） 形容词变换词尾，得到对应的名词injury。 四、拓展词汇 1. honour (NAmE honor) n. 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 vt. 感到荣幸 2. horrible adj. 令人震惊的；恐怖的；极坏的 3. possession n. 财产，财物，所有物 4. promise n. 保证，承诺；迹象，潜质 v. 许诺，保证 vt. 预示……可能发生 5. remarkable adj. 不寻常的；显著的；非凡的 6. temporary adj. 短期的，短暂的；临时的 7. aim n. 目的，目标 v. 力求达到，力争做到；瞄准 vt. 目的是 8. count v. 认为；看作；计算总数 vi. 数数；重要 vt. 把……算入；包括 9. expect vt. 期望，指望；认为；预料 10. fashion n. 时尚，时兴；流行款式 11. guilty adj. 内疚的，羞愧的；有罪的 12. influence n. 影响；影响力 vt. 影响；支配 13. lead v. 带路，引领；通向 vi. 导致，造成 14. necessary adj. 必要的，必需的；必然的 15. range n. 一系列；（变动或浮动的）范围，界限 vi.（在一定的范围内）变化；包括（各种不同的人或物） 16. replace vt.（以……）接替；取代；更换 17. retire v. 退休；（因伤）退出（比赛等） 18. stress n. 压力，紧张；强调；重读 vt. 强调；重读 v.（使）焦虑不安 五、熟词生义 1. guilty：熟义=有罪的；生义=内疚的，羞愧的 2. skip：熟义=蹦跳，跳过；生义=不做（本来应做的事） 3. hire：熟义=雇佣；生义=租用 4. entry：熟义=进入，入口；生义=条目（词条） 5. get on（短语）：熟义=上车，进展；生义=发迹，出人头地 6. fortune：熟义=运气，命运；生义=大笔的钱，巨款 7. appreciate：熟义=感激；生义=欣赏，赏识 8. commitment：熟义=承诺；生义=投入，忠诚，奉献 9. drop out（短语）：熟义=脱落，掉出；生义=退出，辍学 10. boil down to（短语）：熟义=煮沸浓缩；生义=归结为，要点是 11. extreme：熟义=极端的（形容词）；生义=极端（名词） 12. element：熟义=元素（化学）；生义=基本部分，要素 13. defensive：熟义=防御的；生义=戒备的，自卫的 14. sacrifice：熟义=祭品（名词）；生义=牺牲（名词） 15. reject：熟义=抛弃，拒收；生义=拒绝接受（强调“拒绝”这一动作） 16. contract：熟义=收缩（动词）或合同（名词）；生义=合同（此处取名词义，但与动词义相对） 17. limit：熟义=界限（名词）或限制（动词）；生义=限制（此处动词/名词，但常见义“界限”略不同） 18. distraction：熟义=娱乐，消遣；生义=使人分心的事物 19. convince：熟义=使确信；生义=说服（两者相近，但“使确信”更强调信念） 20. academic：熟义=学院的；生义=学术的（但两者在日常中都常用，此处作为生义列出） 写作 句型 句式1 出处： Lesson 1 · Money vs Success（Jason Harley 采访） 原句： For a lot of people, becoming a millionaire is a symbol of success and they set this as their ultimate goal. 结构分析： - 句首 For a lot of people 作状语，引出讨论对象 - 主语为动名词短语 becoming a millionaire - 谓语为 is，后接表语 a symbol of success - and 连接并列分句 they set this as their ultimate goal（this 指代 becoming a millionaire） - 该句式适用于文章开头引出普遍观点或现象。 译文： 对很多人来说，成为百万富翁是成功的象征，他们把这作为终极目标。 句式2 出处： Lesson 1 · Money vs Success（Jason Harley 采访） 原句： What I want is to live simply and be helpful to others. 结构分析： - 主语从句 What I want 作整个句子的主语 - 系动词 is - 不定式短语 to live simply and be helpful to others 作表语 - 该句式适用于强调个人真实愿望或价值观（主语从句作主语使表达更突出）。 译文： 我想要的是简单生活并帮助他人。 句式3 出处： Lesson 1 · Money vs Success（Jason Harley 采访） 原句： Success is not measured by how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life. 结构分析： - 主句：Success is not measured ... - not ... but ... 结构连接两个并列状语 - 第一个 by 后接宾语从句 how much money you have - 第二个 by 后接宾语从句 how you understand the true meaning of life - 该句式适用于下定义或对比式观点表达（强调“不是……而是……”）。 译文： 成功不是用你拥有多少钱来衡量的，而是用你如何理解生命的真正意义来衡量的。 句式4 出处： Lesson 3 · Olympic Athletes 原句： If you want to be an Olympic champion, it's all about that little extra thing you have done in your preparation that will set you apart from your competitors. 结构分析： - If 引导条件状语从句：If you want to be an Olympic champion - 主句：it's all about that little extra thing - you have done in your preparation 为定语从句修饰 thing（省略关系代词 that） - that will set you apart from your competitors 为定语从句修饰 thing（that 作主语） - 该句式适用于说明成功的关键因素，强调“额外努力”的重要性。 译文： 如果你想成为奥运冠军，关键在于你在准备过程中所做的那些小小的额外付出，它们会让你脱颖而出。 句式5 出处： Lesson 3 · Olympic Athletes 原句： It boils down to this: I was born with an enormous amount of drive and determination. 结构分析： - 主句：It boils down to this - 冒号后为具体内容，解释说明 this 指代的内容 - 主语 I，谓语 was born with，宾语 an enormous amount of drive and determination - 该句式适用于总结归纳核心原因，简洁有力。 译文： 归结起来就是：我天生就有着巨大的动力和决心。 …… 语法 动名词的句法功能 动名词可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。 1. 作主语： 例如：Swimming is a good sport in summer. 　　　It is no use telling him not to worry. 2. 作宾语： 例如：Would you mind ringing me up tomorrow?（动词宾语） 　　　Thank you for offering me so much help.（介词宾语） 注意：有些词组中的to为介词，其后要加动名词作宾语，例如：be used to, look forward to, devote…to 等。 3. 作表语： 例如：My job is looking after the children. 　　　My favorite sport is playing basketball. 4. 作定语： 例如：swimming pool 　　　sleeping bag 冠词基本用法 1. 不定冠词 a/an 用于单数可数名词前，泛指某人、某事。 2. 第一次谈及某事，常用冠词 a/an。 3. 别人知道我们谈论的是哪个人、哪件事，并能很容易判定该人、该事时，常用冠词 the。 4. 世界上独一无二的事物前常用冠词 the。 5. 单数名词表示整个种类时，常用冠词 the。 6. the 与形容词连用表示具有同一个特征的群体，谓语动词用复数。 7. 泛指的复数名词和不可数名词前不用冠词。 写作 写一篇关于“成功要素”的电子邮件与朋友交流 假如你是本校学生李华，刚刚学完第二单元“Success”中的“Top Five Secrets Of Success”，你深有感触。请写一封电子邮件就这一话题与笔友Sam进行交流，内容要求如下： 1. 你认为五个秘诀中哪个最重要并说明理由； 2. 询问对方看法。 Dear Sam, ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【参考范文】 Dear Sam, How are you doing? Recently, I’ve learnt a passage entitled “Top Five Secrets of Success” and I have much to share with you about it. Among five secrets, what I think is the most important to succeed is hard work. No pains, no gains. Through the efforts, people will accumulate more experience. None can make progress without any efforts. Thus, if you want to be successful, you ought to work hard. Have you ever heard of the story of Tu Youyou? She is such a great scientist who has been awarded the Nobel Prize for her discovery of artemisinin. During the process, she insisted on working in the poor conditions. However hard it was, she kept going. Finally, she made it, and was selected as one of the most influential figures in the 21st century. What do you think is the secret of success? If you have a different opinion, don’t hesitate to let me know. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】 本文为议论文类书信。作者李华写信向好友Sam分享文章《成功的五大秘诀》，阐明自己认为努力是成功最重要的秘诀，引用屠呦呦事例进行论证，最后征求对方观点，文章结构清晰，观点鲜明。 【详解】 1. Recently, I’ve learnt a passage entitled “Top Five Secrets of Success” and I have much to share with you about it. entitled 为过去分词作后置定语，修饰passage；固定搭配share sth with sb，表示“和某人分享某物”，开篇自然引出写作话题。 2. Among five secrets, what I think is the most important to succeed is hard work. what引导主语从句，提升句式层次；谚语No pains, no gains.（一分耕耘一分收获）增加文采。 3. She is such a great scientist who has been awarded the Nobel Prize for her discovery of artemisinin. who引导定语从句修饰scientist；be awarded the prize 获得奖项，选用屠呦呦经典事例支撑论点，说服力强。 4. However hard it was, she kept going. however引导让步状语从句，等同于no matter how，属于高级语法结构。 5. If you have a different opinion, don’t hesitate to let me know. don’t hesitate to do sth 为书信高频句型，表示“尽管做某事”，自然收尾、交流观点。 【点睛】 ① 文章结构层次分明：引入话题→亮出观点→举例论证→交流看法； ② 灵活使用主语从句、定语从句、让步状语从句，句式丰富； ③ 恰当运用谚语、名人实例，增强文章说服力； ④ 重点短语积累：entitled 题为；accumulate experience 积累经验；insist on doing 坚持做；make it 成功；don’t hesitate to do 尽管…… 一、知识点精讲 1. symbol 原句：For a lot of people, becoming a millionaire is a symbol of success and they set this as their ultimate goal. 对于很多人来说，成为百万富翁是成功的象征，并将此作为最终目标。 【双语释义】 symbol n. ◆a person, an object, an event, etc. that represents a more general quality or situation 象征，标志 White has always been a symbol of purity in Western cultures. 在西方文化中，白色一向是纯洁的象征。 ◆a sign, number, letter, etc. that has a fixed meaning, especially in science, mathematics and music 符号，代号，记号 What is the chemical symbol for copper? 铜的化学符号是什么？ 【积累拓展】 ◆a symbol of sth …… 的象征 the symbol for sth …… 的符号，代号，记号 be symbolic of sth 象征性的 ◆symbolise vt. 象征；代表 2. appreciate 原句：But Jason appreciates this change. 但是詹森喜欢这种变化。 【双语释义】 appreciate vt. ◆to recognise the good qualities of sb/sth 欣赏；赏识 The breakthrough is highly appreciated in the circle of science. 这个突破在科学界受到高度重视。 ◆to be grateful for sth that sb has done 感激，感谢 I appreciate your help. 我感激你的帮助。 I appreciate your giving me so much of your time. 我感激你给我投入了这么多时间。 I would much appreciate it if you could make it to attend my graduation ceremony. 如果你能来参加我的毕业典礼，我将感激不尽。 ◆to understand that sth is true 理解，意识到，领会 We didn’t fully appreciate that he was seriously ill. 我们没有充分认识到他病得很严重。 【积累拓展】 ◆常用搭配 appreciate sth/doing sth 感激 (做) 某事 appreciate it if sb do sth 如果某人做某事，不胜感激 appreciate sth/that… 赏识 / 重视、理解 / 认识某事 ◆同根词 appreciation n. 欣赏；理解；感谢；增值 appreciative adj. 感激的；欣赏的 be appreciative of sth 感激某物；欣赏某物 3. average 原句：I’d prefer to have three or four outstanding years of winning stuff than having ten years of being average. 我宁愿有三到四年的胜利辉煌，而不选择十年的平庸无为。 【双语释义】 average adj. ◆having qualities that are typical of most people or things 普通的；平常的；一般的 Perhaps you are an average student with average intelligence. However, you can still achieve success. 也许你就是一名智商平平的普通学生。但是，你还是可以成功的。 ◆calculated by adding several amounts together, finding a total, and dividing the total by the number of amounts 平均的 The car ran at an average speed of 100 miles per hour against the wind on the express way. 这辆汽车在高速公路上以平均每小时 100 英里的速度逆风行驶。 average n. 平均数；平均水平 ◆It takes an average of ten weeks for a house sale to be completed. 平均每 10 周才卖出一幢房子。 【积累拓展】 above/below average 高于 / 低于平均 on average 平均 an average of… …… 的平均数 【即时小练】 4. convince 原句：Mm, you’ve convinced me to read this book! 唔，你说服我读这本书了！ 【双语释义】 convince vt. ◆to make sb/yourself believe that sth is true 使确信，使信服 I’d convinced myself that I was right. 我确信自己是正确的。 ◆to persuade sb to do sth 说服，劝服 (某人做某事) I have been trying to convince my teammates to accept my suggestion. 我一直在努力尝试说服我的队友接受我的建议。 【积累拓展】 convince sb of sth/that 使确信，使信服 be convinced of sth/that 坚信，深信，确信 convince sb to do sth 说服，劝服 (某人做某事) 5. contribute 原句：She has been a volleyball star for more than thirty-five years and has contributed greatly to the sport… 她当了 35 年多的排球明星，并且为这项运动做出了巨大的贡献…… 【双语释义】 contribute vt. & vi. ◆to increase, improve or add to sth 增加；增进；添加 (到某物) ◆to write things for a newspaper, magazine, or a radio or television programme; to speak during a meeting or conversation, especially to give your opinion (为报纸、杂志、电台或电视节目) 撰稿；(在会议或会谈期间) 讲话，(尤指) 发表意见 【积累拓展】 ◆同根词 contribution n. [C] 捐款；捐资；贡献；(书、杂志、广播、讨论等部分内容的) 一则，一条，稿件；[U] 捐赠；捐助；(尤指) 捐款 ◆常用搭配 ◆用法提示 contribute to 中的 to 为介词，其后跟动词时应用动词 - ing 形式。 6. devote 原句：For more than 50 years, he has devoted his life to rice production… 50 多年以来他一直致力于水稻种植…… 【积累拓展】 ◆同根词 devotion n. [U] 深爱，挚爱；奉献，忠心 ◆常用搭配 devote oneself to sb/sth 致力于；献身 devote...to... 把…… 用于…… be devoted to sb/sth 深爱某人 / 忠诚于某事 devotion to... 对…… 的忠诚 / 关爱 二、核心语法精讲 动名词可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。 1. 作主语： 例如：Swimming is a good sport in summer. It is no use telling him not to worry. 2. 作宾语： 例如：Would you mind ringing me up tomorrow?（动词宾语） 　　　Thank you for offering me so much help.（介词宾语） 注意：有些词组中的to为介词，其后要加动名词作宾语，例如：be used to, look forward to, devote…to 等。 3. 作表语： 例如：My job is looking after the children. My favorite sport is playing basketball. 4. 作定语： 例如：swimming pool sleeping bag 冠词基本用法 1. 不定冠词 a/an 用于单数可数名词前，泛指某人、某事。 2. 第一次谈及某事，常用冠词 a/an。 3. 别人知道我们谈论的是哪个人、哪件事，并能很容易判定该人、该事时，常用冠词 the。 4. 世界上独一无二的事物前常用冠词 the。 5. 单数名词表示整个种类时，常用冠词 the。 6. the 与形容词连用表示具有同一个特征的群体，谓语动词用复数。 7. 泛指的复数名词和不可数名词前不用冠词。 三、单元写作清单 话题分析 本文要求以校读书俱乐部负责人李华的身份，给外教Mr. White写一封邀请邮件，邀请其担任英语朗读比赛评委，告知比赛具体安排，并请其为学生推荐合适的英文文学作品。体裁为邀请类应用文，语言应礼貌、正式、得体，覆盖题目所给全部要点。 写作框架 本文采用三段式结构： - 第一段：开门见山，表明写信目的——邀请Mr. White担任朗读比赛评委，同时说明自己的身份（读书俱乐部负责人）。 - 第二段：告知比赛的具体安排，包括时间（下周三下午3点）、地点（学校演讲厅）、比赛内容（每位选手朗读一段英文文学作品，限时3分钟，评委根据发音、语调和情感表达打分）。 - 第三段：礼貌请求对方推荐适合中学生的英文文学作品（如经典诗歌或短篇小说），并以常规书信结尾句表达期待回复。 写作素材 1. 开篇——表明写信目的 - I'm writing to invite you to... - It is my great honor to invite you to... - On behalf of the reading club, I'm writing to invite you to... 2. 中间——告知具体安排 - The contest will be held at 3 p.m. next Wednesday in the lecture hall. - Each participant is required to read a passage from a classic English literary work within 3 minutes. - The contest will last about two hours, including the judges' comments. 3. 请求推荐 & 结尾 - We would really appreciate it if you could recommend some suitable English literary works to us. - Could you please share with us some classic English poems or short stories that are suitable for high school students? - We are looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience. 范文背诵 Dear Mr. White, On behalf of the reading club, I'm writing to invite you to be a judge at our English Reading Contest. The contest will be held at 3 p.m. next Wednesday in the school lecture hall. Each contestant will read aloud a passage from a selected English literary work within three minutes, and the judges will score based on pronunciation, intonation and emotional expression. We would really appreciate it if you could join us as a judge. Besides, could you please recommend some classic English poems or short stories that are suitable for high school students? Your suggestions would be of great help to our club members. We are looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【导语】 本文是一封邀请类电子邮件。作者以读书俱乐部负责人李华的身份，向外教Mr. White发出邀请，请其担任英语朗读比赛评委，同时告知比赛时间、地点及具体安排，并礼貌请求对方为学生推荐合适的英文文学作品。全文结构清晰、语言得体、要点齐全。 【详解】 1. On behalf of the reading club, I'm writing to invite you to be a judge at our English Reading Contest. 开篇点明写信目的及身份；On behalf of... 为正式书面表达，常用于代表某组织/群体发言；invite sb. to be... 表示“邀请某人担任……”，表意清晰。 2. The contest will be held at 3 p.m. next Wednesday in the school lecture hall. 被动语态 will be held 为正式文体常用结构；时间与地点信息集中呈现，简洁高效。at 3 p.m. next Wednesday 为推荐的时间表达方式（相较于 "at three next Wednesday afternoon" 更规范）。 3. Each contestant will read aloud a passage from a selected English literary work within three minutes. 此处补充了比赛的具体内容（每位选手朗读一段文学作品，限时3分钟），from a selected English literary work 与下文请求推荐的文学作品形成呼应，逻辑连贯。 4. We would really appreciate it if you could join us as a judge. appreciate it if... 为委婉且礼貌的请求句式，语气得体；join us as a judge 比 have you as a judge 更自然流畅，表“以评委身份加入我们”。 5. Besides, could you please recommend some classic English poems or short stories that are suitable for high school students? Besides 自然过渡到第二项请求；could you please... 为礼貌请求句式；that are suitable for high school students 为定语从句，限定推荐范围，便于对方精准推荐。 6. Your suggestions would be of great help to our club members. be of + 抽象名词 结构（= be very helpful）为正式书面表达，提升文章语言层次。 7. We are looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience. 书信常用标准结尾句，礼貌表达期待，契合邀请信的正式语境。 【点睛】 ① 要点齐全，逻辑清晰，依次覆盖邀请担任评委、告知比赛安排、请求推荐读物三大写作要点； ② 灵活运用被动语态、定语从句、be of + n. 结构等语法现象，句式丰富且表达正式； ③ 多处使用委婉礼貌请求句式（We would appreciate it if... / could you please...），契合邀请信的语体要求； ④ 积累句型： - On behalf of... 代表…… - invite sb. to be... 邀请某人担任…… - appreciate it if... 感激如果…… - be of great help to... 对……有很大帮助 - at one's earliest convenience 尽早 易错点01 devote...to / apply oneself to 中的to是介词 【一句话辨异】 She devoted all her spare time to practicing the piano, and now she applies herself to preparing for the national music competition every day. 她把所有空闲时间都投入到练习钢琴上，现在她每天专心致志地为全国音乐比赛做准备。 【错因辨析】 1. devote...to... 意为“把……奉献给/投入到……”，其中 to 是介词，后接名词/代词/动名词（-ing），绝不接动词原形。常见搭配：devote oneself/time/energy/life to sth./doing。 - He devoted his whole life to helping the poor in remote areas. 他毕生致力于帮助偏远地区的穷人。（to + 动名词） - She devoted all her energy to the project. 她把所有精力都投入到了这个项目中。（to + 名词） 2. apply oneself to... 意为“专心致志于/努力投入……”，其中 to 同样是介词，后接名词或动名词。注意oneself与to缺一不可。 - If you apply yourself to studying English every day, you will make rapid progress. 如果你每天专心学英语，你会进步很快。（to + 动名词） - He applied himself to his research with great determination. 他以极大的决心潜心于研究。（to + 名词） 3. 考生常见错误：受汉语“投入到做某事”影响，误认为to是不定式标志，后接动词原形。 - ❌ She devoted herself to help others.（错误） - ✅ She devoted herself to helping others.（正确，to为介词） 4. 同类结构（to均为介词）： - look forward to（期待）+ 名词/动名词 - pay attention to（注意）+ 名词/动名词 - get used to（习惯于）+ 名词/动名词 - lead to（导致）+ 名词/动名词 - contribute to（贡献于/导致）+ 名词/动名词 【对点训练】 The famous scientist devoted most of his lifetime ______ the ______ of traditional Chinese medicine. A. to study; develop B. to studying; development C. to study; development D. studying; develop 【答案】B 【解析】 本题考查devote...to中to为介词。devote...to中的to为介词，后接动名词studying，排除A和C（不定式）；第二个空位于the和of之间，需要名词development作宾语，排除D（develop为动词），故选B。 易错点02 apart from 的“三重身份”——“除外”的多种含义 【一句话辨异】 Apart from the reasonable price, the restaurant also offers excellent service; however, apart from that dish, everything else on the menu tastes just so-so. 除了价格合理之外，这家餐厅还提供优质的服务；然而，除了那道菜之外，菜单上其他东西味道都一般。 【错因辨析】 1. apart from 具有“三重含义”，需根据上下文判断： - “除……之外（还）” = in addition to / besides（包含关系，表示除此之外还有） - Apart from English, he also speaks French and Spanish fluently. 除了英语之外，他还流利地说法语和西班牙语。（包含英语，三者都会） - “除……之外（都）” = except for（排除关系，表示整体中排除一部分） - Apart from a few spelling mistakes, your composition is excellent. 除了一些拼写错误之外，你的作文很出色。（排除错误，其余都好） - “除……之外（没有）” = except（常用于否定句中） - There is no one here apart from me. 这里除了我之外没有别人。（排除我，没有其他人） 2. 考生常见错误：只记“除……之外”一个意思，忽略其他含义，导致阅读理解时产生偏差。 - ❌ 误将 Apart from English, he also likes math. 理解为“除了英语他不喜欢，他还喜欢数学”。 - ✅ 正确理解为“除了英语之外，他还喜欢数学。”（包含关系，都喜欢） 3. 与 except / besides / except for 的区分： - besides = 除……之外（还），包含关系（相当于apart from的第一种用法） - except = 除……之外（都），排除关系（相当于apart from的第二种用法） - except for = 整体中排除细节，多用于不同类事物的排除 【对点训练】 ______ being a talented musician, she is also a successful businesswoman. A. Except B. Except for C. Apart from D. But 【答案】C 【解析】 本题考查apart from表示“除……之外（还）”。句意：除了是一位有才华的音乐家之外，她还是一位成功的女商人。此处表示“包含关系”（既是音乐家又是商人），应用apart from（= besides），排除A和B（均表排除关系），D项but不用于此结构，故选C。 易错点03 set...apart from 的“使与众不同”与形近短语辨析 【一句话辨异】 What really sets the young writer apart from others is not his talent but his extraordinary persistence in writing every single day. 真正使这位年轻作家与众不同的不是天赋，而是他每天坚持写作的超凡毅力。 【错因辨析】 1. set...apart from... 意为“使……与……区分开来/使……与众不同”，其中 apart from 在此处作为固定短语整体出现，不可拆分理解。常用被动形式：be set apart from。 - His unique teaching style sets him apart from other teachers in the school. 他独特的教学风格使他在学校里与其他老师不同。 - What sets this product apart from its competitors is its excellent quality. 使这款产品在竞争者中脱颖而出的，是其卓越的品质。 2. 考生常见错误：将 set...apart from 与 apart from（除……之外）混淆，误以为两者含义相同。 - ❌ 误解：set apart from = “把……放在一边” - ✅ 正解：set apart from = “使……与众不同” 3. 含有 set 的其他高频短语辨析： - set up 建立/搭建 - set off 出发/引爆 - set out 出发/开始做（to do） - set aside 留出/拨出（时间/金钱）；把……放在一边 - set down 记下/写下 4. 同类表达“使与众不同”： - distinguish...from... 使……区别于…… - make...different from... 使……不同于…… - stand out from... 从……中脱颖而出（不及物动词短语，无宾语） 【对点训练】 His optimistic attitude ______ him ______ most people who face similar challenges. A. sets; apart from B. sets; off C. sets; up D. sets; out 【答案】A 【解析】 本题考查set...apart from的用法。句意：他乐观的态度使他在面对类似挑战的人中与众不同。set...apart from表“使……与……区分开来”，符合语境，故选A。B项set off表“出发/引爆”；C项set up表“建立”；D项set out表“出发/开始”，均不符合。 易错点04 not...but... 连接并列成分的平行结构 【一句话辨异】 Success is not measured by how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life. 成功不是用你拥有多少钱来衡量的，而是用你如何理解生命的真谛来衡量的。 【错因辨析】 1. not...but... 意为“不是……而是……”，用于连接两个并列成分，表示“否定前者，肯定后者”。连接的两个成分必须在语法结构上保持一致（平行结构），此为高考高频考点。 2. 三种常见平行结构形式： - 连接名词/代词：Not you but I am to blame.（不是你应该被责备，而是我。） - 连接形容词/副词：The task is not easy but challenging.（这项任务不容易，而是有挑战性。） - 连接介词短语/从句：Success depends not on luck but on hard work.（成功不取决于运气，而取决于努力。）— 注意介词不要省略，否则破坏平行结构 - 连接动词短语：She didn't come to help but to make trouble.（她不是来帮忙的，而是来捣乱的。） 3. 考生常见错误： - 介词重复错误：❌ not on luck but hard work → ✅ not on luck but on hard work（介词不能省略） - 成分不对等：❌ not to help but making trouble → ✅ not to help but to make trouble（不定式对不定式） - 主谓一致：not A but B 结构谓语动词遵循 “就近一致” 原则，与靠近谓语的主语B保持一致。 - Not the students but the teacher is going to attend the meeting.（不是学生们，而是老师要去参加会议。——谓语与the teacher一致） 【对点训练】 The key to success lies ______ in how much talent you have ______ in how hard you work. A. not; but B. not; but in C. not in; but in D. not in; but 【答案】C 【解析】 本题考查not...but...的平行结构。句意：成功的关键不在于你有多少天赋，而在于你有多努力。lies in为固定搭配，介词in需要保留以使“not in... but in...”平行结构成立，排除A和B（缺少介词in）；D项第二个but后缺少介词in，破坏平行结构，排除，故选C。 易错点05 beyond what... 介宾短语中的宾语从句 【一句话辨异】 As a professional athlete, he was always pushing the limits and extremes beyond what most people thought were healthy. 作为一名职业运动员，他总是在突破极限、超越大多数人所认为的健康限度。 【错因辨析】 1. beyond what... 结构：beyond 为介词，后面接 what引导的宾语从句，整个介词短语作状语或定语。此结构意为“超出……的范围/限度”。此处what在宾语从句中充当主语（what...were healthy）。 - The beauty of the sunset was beyond what words could describe. 日落之美超出了言语所能描述的范围。 - His performance in the competition went far beyond what we had expected. 他在比赛中的表现远远超出了我们的预期。 2. 介词 + what从句的高频结构： - beyond what... 超出……（程度/限度） - in what... 在……方面 - by what... 通过……方式 - from what... 从……中 - to what... 到……程度 3. 考生常见错误：将what误写为that或which。 - ❌ beyond that most people thought were healthy（that不能引导介词后的宾语从句） - ❌ beyond which most people thought were healthy（which在从句中作主语时含义不同，多用于定语从句） - ✅ beyond what most people thought were healthy（what引导宾语从句，且what在从句中作主语） 4. 与本单元长难句相关的理解： - Success is not measured by how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life. — 此句中 *how much* 和 *how* 分别引导宾语从句，作介词by的宾语。 - I was pushing the limits and extremes beyond what most thought were healthy. — *what* 引导宾语从句，作介词beyond的宾语，且what在从句中作主语。 【对点训练】 The true value of a person lies far ______ what can be measured by wealth. A. beyond B. from C. by D. above 【答案】A 【解析】 本题考查beyond what...结构的理解。句意：一个人的真正价值远远超出财富所能衡量的范围。beyond意为“超出……范围”，与句意吻合，故选A。B项from表“来自”；C项by表“通过/凭借”；D项above表“在……上方”，均不符合。 一、默写重点单词 A. 英译汉 1. turn one’s back on ______ 2. push the limits and extremes ______ 3. stay in ______ 4. strive for ______ 5. boil down to sth. ______ 6. a minimum of ______ 7. devote...to ______ 8. rather than ______ 9. keep trying ______ 10. lead to ______ 11. drop out ______ 12. a symbol of success ______ 13. be pleased to ______ 14. dream up ______ 15. apply oneself to sth. ______ 16. get on ______ B. 汉译英 1. 人生真正的意义 ______ 2. 成就感 ______ 3. 某人的终极目标 ______ 4. 获得成功 ______ 5. 被当作 ______ 6. 积极的态度 ______ 7. 没有机会（做某事） ______ 8. 消除饥饿 ______ 9. 辞职 ______ 10. 设定目标 ______ 11. 专注于 ______ 12. 赠送；分发 ______ 13. 除了……之外 ______ 14. 做出牺牲 ______ 15. 把某人推到极限 ______ 16. 愿意做某事 ______ 【答案】 A. 英译汉 1.不理睬；抛弃 2.突破极限 3.待在家里 4.努力；奋斗 5.归结为；要点是 6.最少量 7.致力于，投身于 8.而不是 9.坚持努力 10.导致 11.退出，脱离 12.成功的标志 13.乐于做某事 14.凭空想象 15.专心致志于某事 16.发迹；出人头地 B. 汉译英 1.true meaning of life 2.a sense of achievement 3.one's ultimate goal 4.achieve success 5.be regarded as 6.positive attitude 7.have no chance of (doing) 8.remove hunger 9.quit one's job 10.set goals 11.focus on 12.give away 13.apart from 14.make sacrifices 15.push sb. to the limits 16.be willing to do 二、词汇运用 1. I feel really ______ about forgetting her birthday again. (guilt) 2. He’s a very ______ player and he wants to play at the highest level. (ambition) 3. He’s ______ about the need to protect the environment. (passion) 4. This is a highly ______ magazine that is widely read by engineers. (influence) 5. Your school report looks good and your exciting ideas and calm ______ will help to make you a winner. (leader) 6. The battle for third place in the final round of the competition was ______, with both teams giving it their all. (intensity) 7. I was impressed by the energy and ______ shown by the players. (commit) 8. It is very important for parents to get ______ help if this problem occurs. (profession) 9. I’ve warned her ______ times but she never listened. (count) 10. We measured the ______ and width of the living room. (long) 二、填空 1.guilty 2.ambitious 3.passionate 4.influential 5.leadership 6.intense 7.commitment 8.professional 9.countless 10.length 三、重点句型 1. 宾语从句（省略that）+并列动名词短语 But I think my sense of achievement comes from helping others and finding true meaning in life. 但我认为我的成就感来源于帮助他人，以及探寻人生真正的意义。 2. not...but...并列结构 + 两处宾语从句 Success is not measured by how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life. 衡量成功的标准不是你拥有多少财富，而是你如何理解人生的真正意义。 3. 宾语从句（内含插入语） I was pushing the limits and extremes beyond what most thought were healthy. 我不断突破自身极限，做出了大多数人认为超出健康范畴的极端尝试。 4. 条件状语从句 + 双重定语从句 If you want to be an Olympic champion, it's all about that little extra thing you have done in your preparation that will set you apart from your competitors. 如果你想成为奥运冠军，关键就在于你在备战过程中付出的那一点点额外努力，正是这份努力能让你在一众竞争者中脱颖而出。 5. 并列分句 + 转折复合句 + 定语从句 It is certainly not a balanced way to live and it is certainly not normal but those words are generally not used for anyone who is striving for greatness. 这种生活方式确实算不上均衡，也确实不符合常态，但人们通常不会用这类评价去形容那些追求卓越的人。 四、课文语法填空 For many people, becoming a millionaire is a (1) ______ of success, so they spend most of their time (2) ______ ways of getting rich and achieving the success they expect. Some millionaires don’t get the sense of success and continue to worry about money. However, some people have (3) ______ their money and found other forms of success in their lives. Jason is one of them. Years ago, Jason was a college (4) ______ with a lot of fortune, but he was tired of (5) ______ a success. Knowing that many people were living in a hard life, he worried a lot and felt (6) ______. So he decided to (7) ______ all his money to charities to help people (8) ______ in life. Jason (9) ______ this change and he is pleased to (10) ______ the successful lifestyle people commonly expect. Now he is much happier, and he thinks success is not measured by the money people have but by the understanding of life. 【答案】 1) symbol. 2) dreaming up 3) turned their backs on 4) professor 5) being regarded as  6) guilty 7) give away 8) get on 9) appreciates 10) give up 五、阅读理解 A If you’re a lover of literature and want to study it further, Harvard’s online courses are a great option! About the Courses The Ancient Greek Hero explores what it means to be human today by studying what it meant to be a hero in ancient Greek times. To achieve this, learners will experience, in English translation, some ancient Greek literature from the 8th century BC to the 3rd century AD. Noble Culture and the Cosmopolitan Tang looks at how noble families and their culture and literature contributed to the reunification (重新统一) of China under the Tang Dynasty. You’ll also learn how to compose and analyze poetry and calligraphy. Shakespeare’s Life and Work explores relationships between Shakespeare’s world and present day. Through short videos and readings, you will see how the meaning of a work of art changes depending on the time, context, and culture. Masterpieces of World Literature reveals how great writers reflect on their world and how their works are changed in today’s global culture. It helps us understand the deep roots of today’s interconnected global culture. Ways to Take the Courses When you sign up for these courses, you will have the option of auditing (旁听) the course or pursuing an official certificate. In the auditing track, learning is free and self-paced within 18 weeks. Learners have access to part of our course resources. Besides, course videos and handouts are not available for downloading. Please note that this track does not offer an official certificate. Alternatively, learners can pay $299 to pursue an official certificate, which offers unlimited access to course resources within a year. At the end of the course, learners who earn a passing grade can receive a certificate. If you’re interested and want to learn more, click here: https://www.harvardonline.harvard.edu 1. If you want to know how to analyze poetry, you can choose ______. A. The Ancient Greek Hero B. Shakespeare’s Life and Work C. Masterpieces of World Literature D. Noble Culture and the Cosmopolitan Tang 2. In the auditing track, you can ______. A. determine the learning pace B. access handouts for a fee C. earn an official certificate D. download course videos 3. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To advertise online courses. B. To explore the roots of humanity. C. To compare different cultures. D. To highlight the value of literature. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍哈佛大学的在线课程。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。由About the Courses中Noble Culture and the Cosmopolitan Tang中“You’ll also learn how to compose and analyze poetry and calligraphy.(你还将学习如何创作和分析诗歌和书法。)”可知，如果你想知道如何分析诗歌，你可以选择Noble Culture and the Cosmopolitan Tang。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。由Ways to Take the Courses中第二段“In the auditing track, learning is free and self-paced within 18 weeks. Learners have access to part of our course resources. Besides, course videos and handouts are not available for downloading. Please note that this track does not offer an official certificate.(在旁听赛道中，学习是免费的，在18周内自主学习。学员可以访问我们的部分课程资源。此外，课程视频和讲义不可下载。请注意，这个赛道不提供官方证书。)”可知，在旁听赛道中，你可以决定学习进度。故选A项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第一段“If you’re a lover of literature and want to study it further, Harvard’s online courses are a great option!(如果你是一个文学爱好者，并且想进一步学习，哈佛大学的在线课程是一个很好的选择！)”和最后一段“If you’re interested and want to learn more, click here: https://www.harvardonline.harvard.edu(如果您感兴趣并想了解更多信息，请单击此处：https://www.harvardonline.harvard.edu)”可知，文章主要介绍哈佛大学的在线课程，主要目的是为在线课程做广告。故选A项。 B It turns out patience isn’t always a virtue. By the time Nalin Kamat was 13, the Toronto teen had been well on his way to becoming a working artist. He had already had his first show at a local arts centre. Yet he wanted more — specifically to start showing his works in a juried exhibition, where art experts would evaluate and select pieces in a competitive review process, ensuring that only the most outstanding works are included in the exhibition. That’s when he ran into a problem, discovering in the very last line of a multi-page application that the minimum age for submission was 18. That rejection became a fuel for creation. “As young artists, we don’t get as much credit as I think we deserve, and we also don’t get many opportunities to showcase the amount of work we put into the art. I thought it’d be really cool if I could provide the opportunity for more young artists,” says Nalin, now 15. With the support of his parents, in January 2023, Nalin founded Little EGG Gallery, a commercial studio only for underage artists. The gallery, which is now profitable enough, charges a small fee for any displayed work and takes a 15 percent service fee on sales. In turn, Little EGG Gallery helps promote young talents by showcasing their works. Not long after opening, David Griffin, a professor and artist from Ontario College of Art and Design University, happened to come across the gallery while walking with his wife in their neighbourhood. Upon meeting Nalin, Griffin says he understood that he was speaking with someone special, “a strong young artist with a really excellent idea, which was to create a space for showing the local community the easy, natural genius of young people.” A connection was formed, and Nalin asked Griffin to help judge an upcoming competition. The first juried show was last spring, and the top three winners each received a $50 cash prize. Five-year-old Jack Gamble won for his abstract painting titled Pokemon. Given how busy Nalin is with school life and his own art, Little EGG Gallery is mostly open by appointment only, but he’s still devoted to growing the gallery with seasonal and themed shows scheduled a few times a year. Nalin believes that young artists are free to be more creative. In an interview with CBC Kids News, he said, “I think when you’re younger, you have more creativity. You see beauty in more things and when you get older, it kind of stops. I don’t want to see anyone prevented from creating their art. 4. According to the passage, the juried exhibition ______. A. favours works of art experts B. charges a small fee for entries C. sets no age limit for submission D. displays professionally selected works 5. How did Nalin Kamat feel after being rejected? A. Anxious. B. Motivated. C. Regretful. D. Confused. 6. Why did Nalin Kamat found Little EGG Gallery? A. To work with other young artists. B. To meet his parents’ expectations. C. To offer underage artists a platform. D. To hold an exhibition of his own works. 7. What can we learn from Nalin Kamat’s story? A. Wisdom arises from experience. B. Everything comes to those who wait. C. Luck matters to one’s career success. D. Innovative thoughts increase one’s chances. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文属于记叙文。文章主要讲述了少年Nalin Kamat在面临艺术界年龄限制的挑战后，受到启发创立Little EGG Gallery，为未成年艺术家提供展示平台的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第一段中的“Yet he wanted more—specifically to start showing his works in a juried exhibition, where art experts would evaluate and select pieces in a competitive review process, ensuring that only the most outstanding works are included in the exhibition. (然而，他更具体地希望开始在一个评审展览中展示他的作品，在那里，艺术专家将在一个竞争激烈的评审过程中评估和选择作品，确保只有最杰出的作品被包括在展览中。)”可知，评审制度的展览是由艺术专家评估并挑选作品，确保只有最杰出的作品才能参展。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段“That rejection became a fuel for creation. “As young artists, we don’t get as much credit as I think we deserve, and we also don’t get many opportunities to showcase the amount of work we put into the art. I thought it’d be really cool if I could provide the opportunity for more young artists,” says Nalin, now 15. (这种拒绝成为了创造的动力。“作为年轻的艺术家，我们没有得到我认为应得的赞誉，我们也没有很多机会展示我们在艺术上付出的努力。我想如果我能为更多的年轻艺术家提供机会，那就太酷了，”现年15岁的Nalin说。)”可知，被拒绝后，Nalin感到受到激励，想要为年轻艺术家提供更多机会。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段“That rejection became a fuel for creation. “As young artists, we don’t get as much credit as I think we deserve, and we also don’t get many opportunities to showcase the amount of work we put into the art. I thought it’d be really cool if I could provide the opportunity for more young artists,” says Nalin, now 15. (这种拒绝成为了创造的动力。“作为年轻的艺术家，我们没有得到我认为应得的赞誉，我们也没有很多机会展示我们在艺术上付出的努力。我想如果我能为更多的年轻艺术家提供机会，那就太酷了，”现年15岁的Nalin说。)”及第三段中的“With the support of his parents, in January 2023, Nalin founded Little EGG Gallery, a commercial studio only for underage artists. (在父母的支持下，2023年1月，纳林创办了专为未成年艺术家开设的商业工作室Little EGG Gallery。)”可知，Nalin创立Little EGG Gallery的目的是为未成年艺术家提供一个展示平台。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第二段“That rejection became a fuel for creation. “As young artists, we don’t get as much credit as I think we deserve, and we also don’t get many opportunities to showcase the amount of work we put into the art. I thought it’d be really cool if I could provide the opportunity for more young artists,” says Nalin, now 15. (这种拒绝成为了创造的动力。“作为年轻的艺术家，我们没有得到我认为应得的赞誉，我们也没有很多机会展示我们在艺术上付出的努力。我想如果我能为更多的年轻艺术家提供机会，那就太酷了，”现年15岁的Nalin说。)”及最后一段“Nalin believes that young artists are free to be more creative. In an interview with CBC Kids News, he said, “I think when you’re younger, you have more creativity. You see beauty in more things and when you get older, it kind of stops. I don’t want to see anyone prevented from creating their art. (纳林认为，年轻艺术家可以自由地发挥自己的创造力。在接受CBC儿童新闻采访时，他说：“我认为当你年轻的时候，你会有更多的创造力。你会在更多事物中发现美，但随着年龄的增长，美就会消失。我不想看到任何人被阻止创作他们的艺术。)”可知，Nalin的故事展示了他如何面对年龄限制的挫折，创新性地创立了自己的画廊来支持年轻艺术家，这表明创新思维可以增加个人成功的机会。因此，选项D“Innovative thoughts increase one’s chances. (创新思维增加机会。)”最符合题意。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Success 词汇 一、阅读词汇： 1. __________________ 有道理；讲得通 2. __________________投入（时间、精力） 3. __________________ 过……样的生活 4. __________________提醒某人…… 5. __________________ 成功的关键 6. __________________进展；相处 7. __________________辍学；退出 8. __________________ 背弃；拒绝 9. __________________赠送；泄露 10. __________________ 构思；幻想 11. __________________厌倦…… 12. __________________ 成功的象征 13. __________________ 慈善商店 14. __________________生命真正的意义 15. __________________ 某人的最终目标 16. __________________ 创业；开办 17. __________________ 查看；核实 18. __________________制定待办清单 19. __________________消除饥饿 20. __________________辞职 21. __________________ 没有机会做某事 22. __________________ 至少；最低限度 23. __________________ 归根结底 24__________________ 坚持；维持 25. __________________ 逼迫某人达到极限 26. __________________ 留下；剩下 27. __________________ 将……与……区分开 28. __________________ 生活走向极端 29. __________________ 挑战极限 30. __________________ 日复一日 31. __________________从……退休 32. __________________以……名义 33. __________________ 袖手旁观；坐享其成 34. __________________ 进入；从事 35. __________________下沉；失败 36. __________________ 舒适区 37. __________________ 长话短说 38. __________________ 新生代 39. __________________ 意志坚定 40. __________________ 忽视；不予考虑 41. __________________ 毕业典礼 二、写作词汇： 1. __________________对……心怀感激 2. __________________ 被视作…… 3. __________________取得成功 4. __________________乐意做某事 5. __________________ 成就感 6. __________________ 致力于；奉献 7. __________________ set goals 设定目标 8. __________________ 为……做准备 9. __________________说服某人做某事 10. __________________导致；引起 11. __________________ 不断尝试 12. __________________ 积极的态度 13. __________________ 相较于……有优势 14. __________________ 全力以赴做某事 15. __________________ 天生具有 16. __________________愿意做某事 17. __________________专注于 18. __________________致力于某事/做某事 19. __________________而不是 20. __________________除……之外 21. __________________承担；接纳 22. __________________ 想出；提出 23. __________________ 即将要做 24. __________________ 深造 25. __________________ 相信；对……有信心 26. __________________ 需要；缺少 27. __________________释放某人去做某事 28. __________________ 阻止……做…… 29. __________________ 简单来说 三、词汇变形： 1. ultimate（形容词，最终的；终极的）→________（副词，最终；根本上） 2. symbol（名词，象征；符号）→________（动词，象征；代表） 3. appreciate（动词，感激；欣赏）→________（名词，感激；欣赏） 4. hunger（名词，饥饿；渴望）→________（形容词，饥饿的；渴望的） 5. guilty（形容词，内疚的；有罪的）→________（名词，内疚；罪行） 6. devote（动词，奉献；致力于）→________（名词，奉献；挚爱） 7. convince（动词，说服；使确信）→________（名词，确信；定罪） 8. influential（形容词，有影响力的）→________（名词，影响；势力） 9. production（名词，生产；产品）→________（动词，生产；制造） 10. reject（动词，拒绝；排斥）→________（名词，拒绝；驳回） 11. motivating（形容词，激励性的）→________（动词，激励；激发） 12. countless（形容词，无数的）→________（动词，数数；计算） 13. academic（形容词，学术的；学院的）→________（名词，学院；研究院） 14. defensive（形容词，防御的；自卫的）→________（名词，防御；辩护） 15. defensive（形容词，防御的；自卫的）→________（动词，防御；保卫） 16. length（名词，长度）→________（形容词，长的） 17. injured（形容词，受伤的）→________（名词，伤害；损伤） 四、拓展词汇 1. honour (NAmE honor) n. 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 vt. 感到荣幸 2. horrible adj. 令人震惊的；恐怖的；极坏的 3. possession n. 财产，财物，所有物 4. promise n. 保证，承诺；迹象，潜质 v. 许诺，保证 vt. 预示……可能发生 5. remarkable adj. 不寻常的；显著的；非凡的 6. temporary adj. 短期的，短暂的；临时的 7. aim n. 目的，目标 v. 力求达到，力争做到；瞄准 vt. 目的是 8. count v. 认为；看作；计算总数 vi. 数数；重要 vt. 把……算入；包括 9. expect vt. 期望，指望；认为；预料 10. fashion n. 时尚，时兴；流行款式 11. guilty adj. 内疚的，羞愧的；有罪的 12. influence n. 影响；影响力 vt. 影响；支配 13. lead v. 带路，引领；通向 vi. 导致，造成 14. necessary adj. 必要的，必需的；必然的 15. range n. 一系列；（变动或浮动的）范围，界限 vi.（在一定的范围内）变化；包括（各种不同的人或物） 16. replace vt.（以……）接替；取代；更换 17. retire v. 退休；（因伤）退出（比赛等） 18. stress n. 压力，紧张；强调；重读 vt. 强调；重读 v.（使）焦虑不安 五、熟词生义 1. guilty：熟义=有罪的；生义=内疚的，羞愧的 2. skip：熟义=蹦跳，跳过；生义=不做（本来应做的事） 3. hire：熟义=雇佣；生义=租用 4. entry：熟义=进入，入口；生义=条目（词条） 5. get on（短语）：熟义=上车，进展；生义=发迹，出人头地 6. fortune：熟义=运气，命运；生义=大笔的钱，巨款 7. appreciate：熟义=感激；生义=欣赏，赏识 8. commitment：熟义=承诺；生义=投入，忠诚，奉献 9. drop out（短语）：熟义=脱落，掉出；生义=退出，辍学 10. boil down to（短语）：熟义=煮沸浓缩；生义=归结为，要点是 11. extreme：熟义=极端的（形容词）；生义=极端（名词） 12. element：熟义=元素（化学）；生义=基本部分，要素 13. defensive：熟义=防御的；生义=戒备的，自卫的 14. sacrifice：熟义=祭品（名词）；生义=牺牲（名词） 15. reject：熟义=抛弃，拒收；生义=拒绝接受（强调“拒绝”这一动作） 16. contract：熟义=收缩（动词）或合同（名词）；生义=合同（此处取名词义，但与动词义相对） 17. limit：熟义=界限（名词）或限制（动词）；生义=限制（此处动词/名词，但常见义“界限”略不同） 18. distraction：熟义=娱乐，消遣；生义=使人分心的事物 19. convince：熟义=使确信；生义=说服（两者相近，但“使确信”更强调信念） 20. academic：熟义=学院的；生义=学术的（但两者在日常中都常用，此处作为生义列出） 写作 句型 句式1 出处： Lesson 1 · Money vs Success（Jason Harley 采访） 原句： For a lot of people, becoming a millionaire is a symbol of success and they set this as their ultimate goal. 结构分析： - 句首 For a lot of people 作状语，引出讨论对象 - 主语为动名词短语 becoming a millionaire - 谓语为 is，后接表语 a symbol of success - and 连接并列分句 they set this as their ultimate goal（this 指代 becoming a millionaire） - 该句式适用于文章开头引出普遍观点或现象。 译文： 对很多人来说，成为百万富翁是成功的象征，他们把这作为终极目标。 句式2 出处： Lesson 1 · Money vs Success（Jason Harley 采访） 原句： What I want is to live simply and be helpful to others. 结构分析： - 主语从句 What I want 作整个句子的主语 - 系动词 is - 不定式短语 to live simply and be helpful to others 作表语 - 该句式适用于强调个人真实愿望或价值观（主语从句作主语使表达更突出）。 译文： 我想要的是简单生活并帮助他人。 句式3 出处： Lesson 1 · Money vs Success（Jason Harley 采访） 原句： Success is not measured by how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life. 结构分析： - 主句：Success is not measured ... - not ... but ... 结构连接两个并列状语 - 第一个 by 后接宾语从句 how much money you have - 第二个 by 后接宾语从句 how you understand the true meaning of life - 该句式适用于下定义或对比式观点表达（强调“不是……而是……”）。 译文： 成功不是用你拥有多少钱来衡量的，而是用你如何理解生命的真正意义来衡量的。 句式4 出处： Lesson 3 · Olympic Athletes 原句： If you want to be an Olympic champion, it's all about that little extra thing you have done in your preparation that will set you apart from your competitors. 结构分析： - If 引导条件状语从句：If you want to be an Olympic champion - 主句：it's all about that little extra thing - you have done in your preparation 为定语从句修饰 thing（省略关系代词 that） - that will set you apart from your competitors 为定语从句修饰 thing（that 作主语） - 该句式适用于说明成功的关键因素，强调“额外努力”的重要性。 译文： 如果你想成为奥运冠军，关键在于你在准备过程中所做的那些小小的额外付出，它们会让你脱颖而出。 句式5 出处： Lesson 3 · Olympic Athletes 原句： It boils down to this: I was born with an enormous amount of drive and determination. 结构分析： - 主句：It boils down to this - 冒号后为具体内容，解释说明 this 指代的内容 - 主语 I，谓语 was born with，宾语 an enormous amount of drive and determination - 该句式适用于总结归纳核心原因，简洁有力。 译文： 归结起来就是：我天生就有着巨大的动力和决心。 …… 语法 动名词的句法功能 动名词可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。 1. 作主语： 例如：Swimming is a good sport in summer. 　　　It is no use telling him not to worry. 2. 作宾语： 例如：Would you mind ringing me up tomorrow?（动词宾语） 　　　Thank you for offering me so much help.（介词宾语） 注意：有些词组中的to为介词，其后要加动名词作宾语，例如：be used to, look forward to, devote…to 等。 3. 作表语： 例如：My job is looking after the children. 　　　My favorite sport is playing basketball. 4. 作定语： 例如：swimming pool 　　　sleeping bag 冠词基本用法 1. 不定冠词 a/an 用于单数可数名词前，泛指某人、某事。 2. 第一次谈及某事，常用冠词 a/an。 3. 别人知道我们谈论的是哪个人、哪件事，并能很容易判定该人、该事时，常用冠词 the。 4. 世界上独一无二的事物前常用冠词 the。 5. 单数名词表示整个种类时，常用冠词 the。 6. the 与形容词连用表示具有同一个特征的群体，谓语动词用复数。 7. 泛指的复数名词和不可数名词前不用冠词。 写作 写一篇关于“成功要素”的电子邮件与朋友交流 假如你是本校学生李华，刚刚学完第二单元“Success”中的“Top Five Secrets Of Success”，你深有感触。请写一封电子邮件就这一话题与笔友Sam进行交流，内容要求如下： 1. 你认为五个秘诀中哪个最重要并说明理由； 2. 询问对方看法。 Dear Sam, ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【参考范文】 Dear Sam, How are you doing? Recently, I’ve learnt a passage entitled “Top Five Secrets of Success” and I have much to share with you about it. Among five secrets, what I think is the most important to succeed is hard work. No pains, no gains. Through the efforts, people will accumulate more experience. None can make progress without any efforts. Thus, if you want to be successful, you ought to work hard. Have you ever heard of the story of Tu Youyou? She is such a great scientist who has been awarded the Nobel Prize for her discovery of artemisinin. During the process, she insisted on working in the poor conditions. However hard it was, she kept going. Finally, she made it, and was selected as one of the most influential figures in the 21st century. What do you think is the secret of success? If you have a different opinion, don’t hesitate to let me know. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】 本文为议论文类书信。作者李华写信向好友Sam分享文章《成功的五大秘诀》，阐明自己认为努力是成功最重要的秘诀，引用屠呦呦事例进行论证，最后征求对方观点，文章结构清晰，观点鲜明。 【详解】 1. Recently, I’ve learnt a passage entitled “Top Five Secrets of Success” and I have much to share with you about it. entitled 为过去分词作后置定语，修饰passage；固定搭配share sth with sb，表示“和某人分享某物”，开篇自然引出写作话题。 2. Among five secrets, what I think is the most important to succeed is hard work. what引导主语从句，提升句式层次；谚语No pains, no gains.（一分耕耘一分收获）增加文采。 3. She is such a great scientist who has been awarded the Nobel Prize for her discovery of artemisinin. who引导定语从句修饰scientist；be awarded the prize 获得奖项，选用屠呦呦经典事例支撑论点，说服力强。 4. However hard it was, she kept going. however引导让步状语从句，等同于no matter how，属于高级语法结构。 5. If you have a different opinion, don’t hesitate to let me know. don’t hesitate to do sth 为书信高频句型，表示“尽管做某事”，自然收尾、交流观点。 【点睛】 ① 文章结构层次分明：引入话题→亮出观点→举例论证→交流看法； ② 灵活使用主语从句、定语从句、让步状语从句，句式丰富； ③ 恰当运用谚语、名人实例，增强文章说服力； ④ 重点短语积累：entitled 题为；accumulate experience 积累经验；insist on doing 坚持做；make it 成功；don’t hesitate to do 尽管…… 一、知识点精讲 1. symbol 原句：For a lot of people, becoming a millionaire is a symbol of success and they set this as their ultimate goal. 对于很多人来说，成为百万富翁是成功的象征，并将此作为最终目标。 【双语释义】 symbol n. ◆a person, an object, an event, etc. that represents a more general quality or situation 象征，标志 White has always been a symbol of purity in Western cultures. 在西方文化中，白色一向是纯洁的象征。 ◆a sign, number, letter, etc. that has a fixed meaning, especially in science, mathematics and music 符号，代号，记号 What is the chemical symbol for copper? 铜的化学符号是什么？ 【积累拓展】 ◆a symbol of sth …… 的象征 the symbol for sth …… 的符号，代号，记号 be symbolic of sth 象征性的 ◆symbolise vt. 象征；代表 2. appreciate 原句：But Jason appreciates this change. 但是詹森喜欢这种变化。 【双语释义】 appreciate vt. ◆to recognise the good qualities of sb/sth 欣赏；赏识 The breakthrough is highly appreciated in the circle of science. 这个突破在科学界受到高度重视。 ◆to be grateful for sth that sb has done 感激，感谢 I appreciate your help. 我感激你的帮助。 I appreciate your giving me so much of your time. 我感激你给我投入了这么多时间。 I would much appreciate it if you could make it to attend my graduation ceremony. 如果你能来参加我的毕业典礼，我将感激不尽。 ◆to understand that sth is true 理解，意识到，领会 We didn’t fully appreciate that he was seriously ill. 我们没有充分认识到他病得很严重。 【积累拓展】 ◆常用搭配 appreciate sth/doing sth 感激 (做) 某事 appreciate it if sb do sth 如果某人做某事，不胜感激 appreciate sth/that… 赏识 / 重视、理解 / 认识某事 ◆同根词 appreciation n. 欣赏；理解；感谢；增值 appreciative adj. 感激的；欣赏的 be appreciative of sth 感激某物；欣赏某物 3. average 原句：I’d prefer to have three or four outstanding years of winning stuff than having ten years of being average. 我宁愿有三到四年的胜利辉煌，而不选择十年的平庸无为。 【双语释义】 average adj. ◆having qualities that are typical of most people or things 普通的；平常的；一般的 Perhaps you are an average student with average intelligence. However, you can still achieve success. 也许你就是一名智商平平的普通学生。但是，你还是可以成功的。 ◆calculated by adding several amounts together, finding a total, and dividing the total by the number of amounts 平均的 The car ran at an average speed of 100 miles per hour against the wind on the express way. 这辆汽车在高速公路上以平均每小时 100 英里的速度逆风行驶。 average n. 平均数；平均水平 ◆It takes an average of ten weeks for a house sale to be completed. 平均每 10 周才卖出一幢房子。 【积累拓展】 above/below average 高于 / 低于平均 on average 平均 an average of… …… 的平均数 【即时小练】 4. convince 原句：Mm, you’ve convinced me to read this book! 唔，你说服我读这本书了！ 【双语释义】 convince vt. ◆to make sb/yourself believe that sth is true 使确信，使信服 I’d convinced myself that I was right. 我确信自己是正确的。 ◆to persuade sb to do sth 说服，劝服 (某人做某事) I have been trying to convince my teammates to accept my suggestion. 我一直在努力尝试说服我的队友接受我的建议。 【积累拓展】 convince sb of sth/that 使确信，使信服 be convinced of sth/that 坚信，深信，确信 convince sb to do sth 说服，劝服 (某人做某事) 5. contribute 原句：She has been a volleyball star for more than thirty-five years and has contributed greatly to the sport… 她当了 35 年多的排球明星，并且为这项运动做出了巨大的贡献…… 【双语释义】 contribute vt. & vi. ◆to increase, improve or add to sth 增加；增进；添加 (到某物) ◆to write things for a newspaper, magazine, or a radio or television programme; to speak during a meeting or conversation, especially to give your opinion (为报纸、杂志、电台或电视节目) 撰稿；(在会议或会谈期间) 讲话，(尤指) 发表意见 【积累拓展】 ◆同根词 contribution n. [C] 捐款；捐资；贡献；(书、杂志、广播、讨论等部分内容的) 一则，一条，稿件；[U] 捐赠；捐助；(尤指) 捐款 ◆常用搭配 ◆用法提示 contribute to 中的 to 为介词，其后跟动词时应用动词 - ing 形式。 6. devote 原句：For more than 50 years, he has devoted his life to rice production… 50 多年以来他一直致力于水稻种植…… 【积累拓展】 ◆同根词 devotion n. [U] 深爱，挚爱；奉献，忠心 ◆常用搭配 devote oneself to sb/sth 致力于；献身 devote...to... 把…… 用于…… be devoted to sb/sth 深爱某人 / 忠诚于某事 devotion to... 对…… 的忠诚 / 关爱 二、核心语法精讲 动名词可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。 1. 作主语： 例如：Swimming is a good sport in summer. It is no use telling him not to worry. 2. 作宾语： 例如：Would you mind ringing me up tomorrow?（动词宾语） 　　　Thank you for offering me so much help.（介词宾语） 注意：有些词组中的to为介词，其后要加动名词作宾语，例如：be used to, look forward to, devote…to 等。 3. 作表语： 例如：My job is looking after the children. My favorite sport is playing basketball. 4. 作定语： 例如：swimming pool sleeping bag 冠词基本用法 1. 不定冠词 a/an 用于单数可数名词前，泛指某人、某事。 2. 第一次谈及某事，常用冠词 a/an。 3. 别人知道我们谈论的是哪个人、哪件事，并能很容易判定该人、该事时，常用冠词 the。 4. 世界上独一无二的事物前常用冠词 the。 5. 单数名词表示整个种类时，常用冠词 the。 6. the 与形容词连用表示具有同一个特征的群体，谓语动词用复数。 7. 泛指的复数名词和不可数名词前不用冠词。 三、单元写作清单 话题分析 本文要求以校读书俱乐部负责人李华的身份，给外教Mr. White写一封邀请邮件，邀请其担任英语朗读比赛评委，告知比赛具体安排，并请其为学生推荐合适的英文文学作品。体裁为邀请类应用文，语言应礼貌、正式、得体，覆盖题目所给全部要点。 写作框架 本文采用三段式结构： - 第一段：开门见山，表明写信目的——邀请Mr. White担任朗读比赛评委，同时说明自己的身份（读书俱乐部负责人）。 - 第二段：告知比赛的具体安排，包括时间（下周三下午3点）、地点（学校演讲厅）、比赛内容（每位选手朗读一段英文文学作品，限时3分钟，评委根据发音、语调和情感表达打分）。 - 第三段：礼貌请求对方推荐适合中学生的英文文学作品（如经典诗歌或短篇小说），并以常规书信结尾句表达期待回复。 写作素材 1. 开篇——表明写信目的 - I'm writing to invite you to... - It is my great honor to invite you to... - On behalf of the reading club, I'm writing to invite you to... 2. 中间——告知具体安排 - The contest will be held at 3 p.m. next Wednesday in the lecture hall. - Each participant is required to read a passage from a classic English literary work within 3 minutes. - The contest will last about two hours, including the judges' comments. 3. 请求推荐 & 结尾 - We would really appreciate it if you could recommend some suitable English literary works to us. - Could you please share with us some classic English poems or short stories that are suitable for high school students? - We are looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience. 范文背诵 Dear Mr. White, On behalf of the reading club, I'm writing to invite you to be a judge at our English Reading Contest. The contest will be held at 3 p.m. next Wednesday in the school lecture hall. Each contestant will read aloud a passage from a selected English literary work within three minutes, and the judges will score based on pronunciation, intonation and emotional expression. We would really appreciate it if you could join us as a judge. Besides, could you please recommend some classic English poems or short stories that are suitable for high school students? Your suggestions would be of great help to our club members. We are looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【导语】 本文是一封邀请类电子邮件。作者以读书俱乐部负责人李华的身份，向外教Mr. White发出邀请，请其担任英语朗读比赛评委，同时告知比赛时间、地点及具体安排，并礼貌请求对方为学生推荐合适的英文文学作品。全文结构清晰、语言得体、要点齐全。 【详解】 1. On behalf of the reading club, I'm writing to invite you to be a judge at our English Reading Contest. 开篇点明写信目的及身份；On behalf of... 为正式书面表达，常用于代表某组织/群体发言；invite sb. to be... 表示“邀请某人担任……”，表意清晰。 2. The contest will be held at 3 p.m. next Wednesday in the school lecture hall. 被动语态 will be held 为正式文体常用结构；时间与地点信息集中呈现，简洁高效。at 3 p.m. next Wednesday 为推荐的时间表达方式（相较于 "at three next Wednesday afternoon" 更规范）。 3. Each contestant will read aloud a passage from a selected English literary work within three minutes. 此处补充了比赛的具体内容（每位选手朗读一段文学作品，限时3分钟），from a selected English literary work 与下文请求推荐的文学作品形成呼应，逻辑连贯。 4. We would really appreciate it if you could join us as a judge. appreciate it if... 为委婉且礼貌的请求句式，语气得体；join us as a judge 比 have you as a judge 更自然流畅，表“以评委身份加入我们”。 5. Besides, could you please recommend some classic English poems or short stories that are suitable for high school students? Besides 自然过渡到第二项请求；could you please... 为礼貌请求句式；that are suitable for high school students 为定语从句，限定推荐范围，便于对方精准推荐。 6. Your suggestions would be of great help to our club members. be of + 抽象名词 结构（= be very helpful）为正式书面表达，提升文章语言层次。 7. We are looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience. 书信常用标准结尾句，礼貌表达期待，契合邀请信的正式语境。 【点睛】 ① 要点齐全，逻辑清晰，依次覆盖邀请担任评委、告知比赛安排、请求推荐读物三大写作要点； ② 灵活运用被动语态、定语从句、be of + n. 结构等语法现象，句式丰富且表达正式； ③ 多处使用委婉礼貌请求句式（We would appreciate it if... / could you please...），契合邀请信的语体要求； ④ 积累句型： - On behalf of... 代表…… - invite sb. to be... 邀请某人担任…… - appreciate it if... 感激如果…… - be of great help to... 对……有很大帮助 - at one's earliest convenience 尽早 易错点01 devote...to / apply oneself to 中的to是介词 【一句话辨异】 She devoted all her spare time to practicing the piano, and now she applies herself to preparing for the national music competition every day. 她把所有空闲时间都投入到练习钢琴上，现在她每天专心致志地为全国音乐比赛做准备。 【错因辨析】 1. devote...to... 意为“把……奉献给/投入到……”，其中 to 是介词，后接名词/代词/动名词（-ing），绝不接动词原形。常见搭配：devote oneself/time/energy/life to sth./doing。 - He devoted his whole life to helping the poor in remote areas. 他毕生致力于帮助偏远地区的穷人。（to + 动名词） - She devoted all her energy to the project. 她把所有精力都投入到了这个项目中。（to + 名词） 2. apply oneself to... 意为“专心致志于/努力投入……”，其中 to 同样是介词，后接名词或动名词。注意oneself与to缺一不可。 - If you apply yourself to studying English every day, you will make rapid progress. 如果你每天专心学英语，你会进步很快。（to + 动名词） - He applied himself to his research with great determination. 他以极大的决心潜心于研究。（to + 名词） 3. 考生常见错误：受汉语“投入到做某事”影响，误认为to是不定式标志，后接动词原形。 - ❌ She devoted herself to help others.（错误） - ✅ She devoted herself to helping others.（正确，to为介词） 4. 同类结构（to均为介词）： - look forward to（期待）+ 名词/动名词 - pay attention to（注意）+ 名词/动名词 - get used to（习惯于）+ 名词/动名词 - lead to（导致）+ 名词/动名词 - contribute to（贡献于/导致）+ 名词/动名词 【对点训练】 The famous scientist devoted most of his lifetime ______ the ______ of traditional Chinese medicine. A. to study; develop B. to studying; development C. to study; development D. studying; develop 【答案】B 【解析】 本题考查devote...to中to为介词。devote...to中的to为介词，后接动名词studying，排除A和C（不定式）；第二个空位于the和of之间，需要名词development作宾语，排除D（develop为动词），故选B。 易错点02 apart from 的“三重身份”——“除外”的多种含义 【一句话辨异】 Apart from the reasonable price, the restaurant also offers excellent service; however, apart from that dish, everything else on the menu tastes just so-so. 除了价格合理之外，这家餐厅还提供优质的服务；然而，除了那道菜之外，菜单上其他东西味道都一般。 【错因辨析】 1. apart from 具有“三重含义”，需根据上下文判断： - “除……之外（还）” = in addition to / besides（包含关系，表示除此之外还有） - Apart from English, he also speaks French and Spanish fluently. 除了英语之外，他还流利地说法语和西班牙语。（包含英语，三者都会） - “除……之外（都）” = except for（排除关系，表示整体中排除一部分） - Apart from a few spelling mistakes, your composition is excellent. 除了一些拼写错误之外，你的作文很出色。（排除错误，其余都好） - “除……之外（没有）” = except（常用于否定句中） - There is no one here apart from me. 这里除了我之外没有别人。（排除我，没有其他人） 2. 考生常见错误：只记“除……之外”一个意思，忽略其他含义，导致阅读理解时产生偏差。 - ❌ 误将 Apart from English, he also likes math. 理解为“除了英语他不喜欢，他还喜欢数学”。 - ✅ 正确理解为“除了英语之外，他还喜欢数学。”（包含关系，都喜欢） 3. 与 except / besides / except for 的区分： - besides = 除……之外（还），包含关系（相当于apart from的第一种用法） - except = 除……之外（都），排除关系（相当于apart from的第二种用法） - except for = 整体中排除细节，多用于不同类事物的排除 【对点训练】 ______ being a talented musician, she is also a successful businesswoman. A. Except B. Except for C. Apart from D. But 【答案】C 【解析】 本题考查apart from表示“除……之外（还）”。句意：除了是一位有才华的音乐家之外，她还是一位成功的女商人。此处表示“包含关系”（既是音乐家又是商人），应用apart from（= besides），排除A和B（均表排除关系），D项but不用于此结构，故选C。 易错点03 set...apart from 的“使与众不同”与形近短语辨析 【一句话辨异】 What really sets the young writer apart from others is not his talent but his extraordinary persistence in writing every single day. 真正使这位年轻作家与众不同的不是天赋，而是他每天坚持写作的超凡毅力。 【错因辨析】 1. set...apart from... 意为“使……与……区分开来/使……与众不同”，其中 apart from 在此处作为固定短语整体出现，不可拆分理解。常用被动形式：be set apart from。 - His unique teaching style sets him apart from other teachers in the school. 他独特的教学风格使他在学校里与其他老师不同。 - What sets this product apart from its competitors is its excellent quality. 使这款产品在竞争者中脱颖而出的，是其卓越的品质。 2. 考生常见错误：将 set...apart from 与 apart from（除……之外）混淆，误以为两者含义相同。 - ❌ 误解：set apart from = “把……放在一边” - ✅ 正解：set apart from = “使……与众不同” 3. 含有 set 的其他高频短语辨析： - set up 建立/搭建 - set off 出发/引爆 - set out 出发/开始做（to do） - set aside 留出/拨出（时间/金钱）；把……放在一边 - set down 记下/写下 4. 同类表达“使与众不同”： - distinguish...from... 使……区别于…… - make...different from... 使……不同于…… - stand out from... 从……中脱颖而出（不及物动词短语，无宾语） 【对点训练】 His optimistic attitude ______ him ______ most people who face similar challenges. A. sets; apart from B. sets; off C. sets; up D. sets; out 【答案】A 【解析】 本题考查set...apart from的用法。句意：他乐观的态度使他在面对类似挑战的人中与众不同。set...apart from表“使……与……区分开来”，符合语境，故选A。B项set off表“出发/引爆”；C项set up表“建立”；D项set out表“出发/开始”，均不符合。 易错点04 not...but... 连接并列成分的平行结构 【一句话辨异】 Success is not measured by how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life. 成功不是用你拥有多少钱来衡量的，而是用你如何理解生命的真谛来衡量的。 【错因辨析】 1. not...but... 意为“不是……而是……”，用于连接两个并列成分，表示“否定前者，肯定后者”。连接的两个成分必须在语法结构上保持一致（平行结构），此为高考高频考点。 2. 三种常见平行结构形式： - 连接名词/代词：Not you but I am to blame.（不是你应该被责备，而是我。） - 连接形容词/副词：The task is not easy but challenging.（这项任务不容易，而是有挑战性。） - 连接介词短语/从句：Success depends not on luck but on hard work.（成功不取决于运气，而取决于努力。）— 注意介词不要省略，否则破坏平行结构 - 连接动词短语：She didn't come to help but to make trouble.（她不是来帮忙的，而是来捣乱的。） 3. 考生常见错误： - 介词重复错误：❌ not on luck but hard work → ✅ not on luck but on hard work（介词不能省略） - 成分不对等：❌ not to help but making trouble → ✅ not to help but to make trouble（不定式对不定式） - 主谓一致：not A but B 结构谓语动词遵循 “就近一致” 原则，与靠近谓语的主语B保持一致。 - Not the students but the teacher is going to attend the meeting.（不是学生们，而是老师要去参加会议。——谓语与the teacher一致） 【对点训练】 The key to success lies ______ in how much talent you have ______ in how hard you work. A. not; but B. not; but in C. not in; but in D. not in; but 【答案】C 【解析】 本题考查not...but...的平行结构。句意：成功的关键不在于你有多少天赋，而在于你有多努力。lies in为固定搭配，介词in需要保留以使“not in... but in...”平行结构成立，排除A和B（缺少介词in）；D项第二个but后缺少介词in，破坏平行结构，排除，故选C。 易错点05 beyond what... 介宾短语中的宾语从句 【一句话辨异】 As a professional athlete, he was always pushing the limits and extremes beyond what most people thought were healthy. 作为一名职业运动员，他总是在突破极限、超越大多数人所认为的健康限度。 【错因辨析】 1. beyond what... 结构：beyond 为介词，后面接 what引导的宾语从句，整个介词短语作状语或定语。此结构意为“超出……的范围/限度”。此处what在宾语从句中充当主语（what...were healthy）。 - The beauty of the sunset was beyond what words could describe. 日落之美超出了言语所能描述的范围。 - His performance in the competition went far beyond what we had expected. 他在比赛中的表现远远超出了我们的预期。 2. 介词 + what从句的高频结构： - beyond what... 超出……（程度/限度） - in what... 在……方面 - by what... 通过……方式 - from what... 从……中 - to what... 到……程度 3. 考生常见错误：将what误写为that或which。 - ❌ beyond that most people thought were healthy（that不能引导介词后的宾语从句） - ❌ beyond which most people thought were healthy（which在从句中作主语时含义不同，多用于定语从句） - ✅ beyond what most people thought were healthy（what引导宾语从句，且what在从句中作主语） 4. 与本单元长难句相关的理解： - Success is not measured by how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life. — 此句中 *how much* 和 *how* 分别引导宾语从句，作介词by的宾语。 - I was pushing the limits and extremes beyond what most thought were healthy. — *what* 引导宾语从句，作介词beyond的宾语，且what在从句中作主语。 【对点训练】 The true value of a person lies far ______ what can be measured by wealth. A. beyond B. from C. by D. above 一、默写重点单词 A. 英译汉 1. turn one’s back on ______ 2. push the limits and extremes ______ 3. stay in ______ 4. strive for ______ 5. boil down to sth. ______ 6. a minimum of ______ 7. devote...to ______ 8. rather than ______ 9. keep trying ______ 10. lead to ______ 11. drop out ______ 12. a symbol of success ______ 13. be pleased to ______ 14. dream up ______ 15. apply oneself to sth. ______ 16. get on ______ B. 汉译英 1. 人生真正的意义 ______ 2. 成就感 ______ 3. 某人的终极目标 ______ 4. 获得成功 ______ 5. 被当作 ______ 6. 积极的态度 ______ 7. 没有机会（做某事） ______ 8. 消除饥饿 ______ 9. 辞职 ______ 10. 设定目标 ______ 11. 专注于 ______ 12. 赠送；分发 ______ 13. 除了……之外 ______ 14. 做出牺牲 ______ 15. 把某人推到极限 ______ 16. 愿意做某事 ______ 二、词汇运用 1. I feel really ______ about forgetting her birthday again. (guilt) 2. He’s a very ______ player and he wants to play at the highest level. (ambition) 3. He’s ______ about the need to protect the environment. (passion) 4. This is a highly ______ magazine that is widely read by engineers. (influence) 5. Your school report looks good and your exciting ideas and calm ______ will help to make you a winner. (leader) 6. The battle for third place in the final round of the competition was ______, with both teams giving it their all. (intensity) 7. I was impressed by the energy and ______ shown by the players. (commit) 8. It is very important for parents to get ______ help if this problem occurs. (profession) 9. I’ve warned her ______ times but she never listened. (count) 10. We measured the ______ and width of the living room. (long) 三、重点句型 1. 宾语从句（省略that）+并列动名词短语 But I think ____________________________________________________________________________. 但我认为我的成就感来源于帮助他人，以及探寻人生真正的意义。 2. not...but...并列结构 + 两处宾语从句 Success is not measured ______________________________________ but ______________________________________. 衡量成功的标准不是你拥有多少财富，而是你如何理解人生的真正意义。 3. 宾语从句（内含插入语） I was pushing the limits and extremes beyond ______________________________________. 我不断突破自身极限，做出了大多数人认为超出健康范畴的极端尝试。 4. 条件状语从句 + 双重定语从句 If you want to be an Olympic champion, it's all about that little extra thing _________________________________________________________________that will set you apart from your competitors. 如果你想成为奥运冠军，关键就在于你在备战过程中付出的那一点点额外努力，正是这份努力能让你在一众竞争者中脱颖而出。 5. 并列分句 + 转折复合句 + 定语从句 It is certainly not a balanced way to live and it is certainly not normal but those words are generally not used for anyone ______________________________________. 这种生活方式确实算不上均衡，也确实不符合常态，但人们通常不会用这类评价去形容那些追求卓越的人。 四、课文语法填空 For many people, becoming a millionaire is a (1) ______ of success, so they spend most of their time (2) ______ ways of getting rich and achieving the success they expect. Some millionaires don’t get the sense of success and continue to worry about money. However, some people have (3) ______ their money and found other forms of success in their lives. Jason is one of them. Years ago, Jason was a college (4) ______ with a lot of fortune, but he was tired of (5) ______ a success. Knowing that many people were living in a hard life, he worried a lot and felt (6) ______. So he decided to (7) ______ all his money to charities to help people (8) ______ in life. Jason (9) ______ this change and he is pleased to (10) ______ the successful lifestyle people commonly expect. Now he is much happier, and he thinks success is not measured by the money people have but by the understanding of life. 五、阅读理解 A If you’re a lover of literature and want to study it further, Harvard’s online courses are a great option! About the Courses The Ancient Greek Hero explores what it means to be human today by studying what it meant to be a hero in ancient Greek times. To achieve this, learners will experience, in English translation, some ancient Greek literature from the 8th century BC to the 3rd century AD. Noble Culture and the Cosmopolitan Tang looks at how noble families and their culture and literature contributed to the reunification (重新统一) of China under the Tang Dynasty. You’ll also learn how to compose and analyze poetry and calligraphy. Shakespeare’s Life and Work explores relationships between Shakespeare’s world and present day. Through short videos and readings, you will see how the meaning of a work of art changes depending on the time, context, and culture. Masterpieces of World Literature reveals how great writers reflect on their world and how their works are changed in today’s global culture. It helps us understand the deep roots of today’s interconnected global culture. Ways to Take the Courses When you sign up for these courses, you will have the option of auditing (旁听) the course or pursuing an official certificate. In the auditing track, learning is free and self-paced within 18 weeks. Learners have access to part of our course resources. Besides, course videos and handouts are not available for downloading. Please note that this track does not offer an official certificate. Alternatively, learners can pay $299 to pursue an official certificate, which offers unlimited access to course resources within a year. At the end of the course, learners who earn a passing grade can receive a certificate. If you’re interested and want to learn more, click here: https://www.harvardonline.harvard.edu 1. If you want to know how to analyze poetry, you can choose ______. A. The Ancient Greek Hero B. Shakespeare’s Life and Work C. Masterpieces of World Literature D. Noble Culture and the Cosmopolitan Tang 2. In the auditing track, you can ______. A. determine the learning pace B. access handouts for a fee C. earn an official certificate D. download course videos 3. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To advertise online courses. B. To explore the roots of humanity. C. To compare different cultures. D. To highlight the value of literature. B It turns out patience isn’t always a virtue. By the time Nalin Kamat was 13, the Toronto teen had been well on his way to becoming a working artist. He had already had his first show at a local arts centre. Yet he wanted more — specifically to start showing his works in a juried exhibition, where art experts would evaluate and select pieces in a competitive review process, ensuring that only the most outstanding works are included in the exhibition. That’s when he ran into a problem, discovering in the very last line of a multi-page application that the minimum age for submission was 18. That rejection became a fuel for creation. “As young artists, we don’t get as much credit as I think we deserve, and we also don’t get many opportunities to showcase the amount of work we put into the art. I thought it’d be really cool if I could provide the opportunity for more young artists,” says Nalin, now 15. With the support of his parents, in January 2023, Nalin founded Little EGG Gallery, a commercial studio only for underage artists. The gallery, which is now profitable enough, charges a small fee for any displayed work and takes a 15 percent service fee on sales. In turn, Little EGG Gallery helps promote young talents by showcasing their works. Not long after opening, David Griffin, a professor and artist from Ontario College of Art and Design University, happened to come across the gallery while walking with his wife in their neighbourhood. Upon meeting Nalin, Griffin says he understood that he was speaking with someone special, “a strong young artist with a really excellent idea, which was to create a space for showing the local community the easy, natural genius of young people.” A connection was formed, and Nalin asked Griffin to help judge an upcoming competition. The first juried show was last spring, and the top three winners each received a $50 cash prize. Five-year-old Jack Gamble won for his abstract painting titled Pokemon. Given how busy Nalin is with school life and his own art, Little EGG Gallery is mostly open by appointment only, but he’s still devoted to growing the gallery with seasonal and themed shows scheduled a few times a year. Nalin believes that young artists are free to be more creative. In an interview with CBC Kids News, he said, “I think when you’re younger, you have more creativity. You see beauty in more things and when you get older, it kind of stops. I don’t want to see anyone prevented from creating their art. 4. According to the passage, the juried exhibition ______. A. favours works of art experts B. charges a small fee for entries C. sets no age limit for submission D. displays professionally selected works 5. How did Nalin Kamat feel after being rejected? A. Anxious. B. Motivated. C. Regretful. D. Confused. 6. Why did Nalin Kamat found Little EGG Gallery? A. To work with other young artists. B. To meet his parents’ expectations. C. To offer underage artists a platform. D. To hold an exhibition of his own works. 7. What can we learn from Nalin Kamat’s story? A. Wisdom arises from experience. B. Everything comes to those who wait. C. Luck matters to one’s career success. D. Innovative thoughts increase one’s chances. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $