专题3.3 情态动词和虚拟语气 （冲击双一流单句语法填空100题 + 原创情态动词和虚拟语气语法填空1篇）-2027届高考英语一轮复习【语法攻坚突破·讲练闭环升级】

**基本信息** 聚焦情态动词和虚拟语气，通过100道单句语法填空与1篇原创语篇填空，构建从基础用法到语境应用的系统化训练，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单句语法填空|100题（含各地模拟题）|结合真实语境的语法填空，覆盖情态动词推测/义务/能力及虚拟语气（if条件句、wish、insist等）各类句式|从基础用法到复杂情境，由单一句式（如与过去/现在事实相反的虚拟）到混合应用（如情态动词+完成时）| |语篇填空|1篇（原创《The Shadow of Conflict》）|国际热点话题语境中综合运用情态动词和虚拟语气|通过语篇实现语法知识的语境化迁移，体现文化意识（国际议题认知）与语言能力（语境中语法选择）|

专题3.3 情态动词和虚拟语气 (单句语法填空100题 + 原创情态动词和虚拟语气语法填空1篇) I.单句语法填空： 1.（2026·江苏常州·模拟预测）By bringing this concept to the US, a country shaped by cultural diversity, Zhao hopes Junzi Kitchen present a modern and inclusive vision of Chinese culture. 【答案】can 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：通过将这一概念带到美国——一个被文化多样性塑造的国家——赵希望Junzi Kitchen能够呈现一个现代且包容的中国文化愿景。根据句子意思来判断，此空应该用情态动词can，表示“能够、可以”。故填can。 2.（25-26高三下·湖南长沙·阶段检测）To achieve this ambitious goal, Chinese scientists conduct extensive research before launching the rockets. 【答案】must 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：为实现这一宏伟的目标，中国科学家必须在火箭发射前开展大量研究。must 表示“必须”，强调主观上的必要性或客观上的强制要求。在这里，意思是“为了实现目标，科学家们必须事先做大量研究”，突出这是不可或缺的条件。故填must。 3.（2026高三·全国·专题练习）We desire that immediate help (give) to the people trapped by the flood. 【答案】(should) be given 【解析】句意：我们渴望立刻向受洪水围困的人们提供援助。分析句子可知，desire后接that 宾语从句，从句要用虚拟语气：(should) +动词原形，should可以省略。主语immediate help和give是被动关系，“援助被给予”，所以用被动 (should) be given。 4.（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）Without your help, we (fail) the exam last week. 【答案】would have failed 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有你的帮助，我们上周就不会通过考试了。根据“Without your help”可知，此处为含蓄条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设，主句谓语动词应用“would / could / should / might + have + 过去分词”形式，结合句意，此处用would表示“会”，故填would have failed。 5.（2026·江苏·一模）Elderly people often tell the young that sunlight disinfect clothes and bring good luck, passing down these beliefs from generation to generation. 【答案】can 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：老人们常告诉年轻人，阳光能给衣物消毒并带来好运，将这些观念代代相传。根据句子意思来判断，此空应该用情态动词can，表示“能够”。故填can。 6.（25-26高三上·福建厦门·阶段检测）She looked at me as if she (see) a ghost, her face pale with shock. 【答案】had seen 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：她看着我，好像看见了鬼一样，脸吓得发白。as if引导方式状语从句，表示“好像、仿佛”，当从句内容与事实不符或为假设时，要用虚拟语气，主句用一般过去时looked，从句表示“与过去事实相反”，用had seen。故填had seen。 7.（2026高三·全国·专题练习）The doctor insisted that he (be) seriously ill and that he __________ (operate) on immediately. 【答案】was；should be operated / be operated 【解析】句意：医生坚持认为他病得很重，并且坚决要求他立刻接受手术。当insist表示“坚持认为/坚持说”时，其后的宾语从句使用陈述语气，当insist表示“坚决要求/坚决主张”时，其后的宾语从句需用虚拟语气，谓语动词使用“should+动词原形”，should可省略；句中insisted后跟两个that引导的宾语从句，第一空表述医生坚持认定他身患重病这一事实，主句为一般过去时，从句对应使用一般过去时，主语为he，故填was；第二空表示坚决要求他立刻接受手术，主语he和operate on是被动关系，填(should) be operated。 8.（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）How I wish I (not, try) to repair the cellphone! I only made it worse. 【答案】hadn’t tried 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我真希望我没有修理这部手机!我让事情变得更糟了。wish意为“希望”，后面的宾语从句使用虚拟语气，结合I only made it worse.可知，从句表示与过去事实相反，用过去完成时，且根据提示可知，句子为否定句。故填hadn’t tried。 9.（25-26高三下·广东汕头·开学考试）To sustain this trend, China draw inspiration from its cultural heritage and present it in modern, audience-friendly forms. 【答案】must 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：要保持这一趋势，中国必须从其文化传统中汲取灵感，并以现代且易于观众接受的形式来展现这些文化。must 表示“必须”，强调主观上的必要性或客观上的强制要求。在这里，意思是“为了维持趋势，中国 必须 从文化遗产中汲取灵感并加以现代化呈现”，突出这是不可或缺的条件。故填must。 10.（2026高三·全国·专题练习）The study of traditions should be combined with practice. Otherwise, the recreation of traditions (be) artificial and empty, he said. 【答案】would be 【解析】考查情态动词表虚拟语气的用法。句意：他说，对传统的研究应当与实践相结合，否则，对传统的再创造就会显得虚假且空洞。分析句子语境可知，otherwise引导的是含蓄虚拟条件句，此处表达与现在事实相反的假设，需用would + 动词原形结构，故填would be。 11.（25-26高三下·江苏南通·期中）Beyond everyday seasonings like soy sauce and vinegar (醋), which are themselves products of fermentation, more distinctive creations be found. 【答案】can 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：除了日常的调味料，如酱油和醋，它们本身就是发酵的产物，还可以发现更独特的创造。can 表示“能够、可以”，强调客观可能性或能力。在这里，意思是“（人们）能够找到/可以找到这些制品”。故填can。 12.（2026高三·全国·专题练习）It is suggested that the last hour of a day (spend) on reflection — the failures and successes, however large or small. 【答案】(should) be spent 【解析】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：有人建议，一天的最后一小时应该用来反思 —— 反思那些或大或小的成败得失。分析句子结构可知，It is suggested that... 句式中，that从句需用虚拟语气，结构为 (should) + 动词原形；主语the last hour of a day与spend之间是被动关系，需用被动语态。故填(should) be spent。 13.（25-26高三下·广东汕头·开学考试）He would rather that the final English exam (arrange) after the sports meeting so that students could prepare for it with a more relaxed mood. 【答案】were arranged 【解析】考查虚拟语气用法。句意：他宁愿把期末英语考试安排在运动会之后，这样学生们就能以一种更轻松的心情准备考试。分析句子可知，would rather后接从句表“现在/将来虚拟”时，从句谓语用一般过去时（虚拟语气的“时态倒退”原则），exam和arrange是被动关系，被动语态为“was/were +过去分词”，虚拟语气中be动词用were。故填were arranged。 14.（2026·江苏常州·模拟预测）If the local government (take) effective measures to protect the ancient buildings ten years ago, many historical relics would not have been damaged in the heavy rain last summer. 【答案】had taken 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果当地政府在十年前就采取有效措施来保护这些古建筑，那么去年夏天那场暴雨造成的文物损毁情况就不会发生。根据后文ten years ago可知是对过去事实的假设，从句谓语用had+过去分词。故填had taken。 15.（2026·浙江杭州·模拟预测）“Filling the gaps of life with the literature I love brings me joy. Our lives are different, but we find our own happiness,” he said. 【答案】must 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：“用我热爱的文学填满生活的空隙给我带来快乐。我们的生活各不相同，但我们必须找到属于自己的幸福，”他说。must 表示“必须”，强调主观上的必要性和自我要求。在这里，说话者是在表达一种人生信念或建议——尽管每个人生活不同，但一定要找到自己的幸福。故填must。 16.（25-26高三下·江苏扬州·阶段检测）Fibre stop digestive enzymes (酶) from reaching rapidly broken down foods, such as sugar and fat, preventing too much from being absorbed by the body. 【答案】can 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：膳食纤维可以阻止消化酶接触糖、脂肪等易快速分解的食物，防止过多营养被人体吸收。can 表示“能够”，强调客观能力或功能。在这里，意思是“纤维具备阻止消化酶接触这些食物的能力/作用”。故填can。 17.（2026高三·全国·专题练习）It was President Xi Jinping who visited the navy troops on April 19 and urged that naval force (strengthen). 【答案】should be strengthened/be strengthened 【解析】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：正是习近平主席于4月19日视察了海军部队，并敦促要加强海军力量。urge表示“敦促、力劝”，后接that引导的宾语从句时，从句需用虚拟语气，结构为“(should)+动词原形”；naval force与strengthen之间是被动关系，需用被动语态。故填(should) be strengthened。 18.（2026·浙江杭州·模拟预测）She told her friend that if she (have) enough time and money next year, she would travel to the UK to experience authentic English culture. 【答案】had 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：她告诉她的朋友，如果她明年有足够的时间和金钱，她将去英国体验地道的英国文化。“if she ____ (have) enough time and money next year”是一个虚拟条件句，根据时间状语next year，从句是对将来情况的虚拟。在虚拟语气里，当表示对将来情况的虚拟时，从句谓语动词可以用一般过去时。故填had。 19.（25-26高三下·山东·月考）The reality is as if the whole world (be) against him when he failed in the important exam for the third time. 【答案】had been 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：当他第三次重要考试不及格时，现实就好像整个世界都与他作对。as if引导表语从句，表示对过去情况的虚拟，时态用过去完成时。故填had been。 20.（2026高三·全国·专题练习）If you (tell) me the change of the schedule, I wouldn’t have been late for the meeting. 【答案】had told 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你告诉我时间表的变化，我就不会开会迟到了。根据主句中的wouldn’t have been，可知本句是对过去的虚拟假设，从句谓语动词应用had done，故填had told。 21.（25-26高三下·福建福州·阶段检测）Therefore, if you are a fan, you not wait for June to enjoy this treasure, especially when you have a generous family member, who is ready to treat you all year long. 【答案】need 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：所以如果你爱吃粽子，不必等到六月，尤其当你有一位常年愿意招待你的热心家人。need 作情态动词时，用于否定句或疑问句，后接动词原形，表示“不必、不需要”。在本句中，need not 表示“没有必要”，语气委婉且符合语境——因为家人全年都会款待你，所以你不必专门等到六月才享受。故填need。 22.（2026高三·全国·专题练习）If I had seen him yesterday, I (tell) him the news. 【答案】would have told 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我昨天见到他，我就会告诉他这个消息了。“If I had seen him yesterday”是一个虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设。在英语中，当虚拟条件句表示与过去事实相反的情况时，其主句的谓语动词要用“would / could / might / should + have + 过去分词”的形式。故填would have told。 23.（25-26高三·广东·学业考试复习）If I (be) you, I would think twice before making the decision. 【答案】were 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我是你，我会在做出决定前再三考虑。表示与现在事实相反的假设，if从句的谓语动词用过去式，be动词通常用were。故填were。 24.（25-26高三·全国·学业考试复习）He throws his arms and legs out as if he (be) flying, his eyes wide with excitement. 【答案】were 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：他张开胳膊和腿，好像正在飞翔，兴奋地睁大了眼睛。“as if”引导的方式状语从句表示与现在事实相反的情况，在这种情况下，从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用过去式（be动词一般用were），此处表示“好像正在飞翔”，所以要用过去进行时，be动词使用were。故填were。 25.（25-26高三·广东·三轮复习）The machine is making a loud noise as if it (break) down. 【答案】would break 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：这台机器发出很大的噪音，好像要出故障了。由语意可知，机器并没有真的要坏掉，只是听起来声音大。再根据“as if”可知，此处引导虚拟语气，表示与将来事实相反，使用“would + 动词原形”结构。故填would break。 26.（25-26高三下·山东·月考）I also felt a sense of fulfillment with the understanding that we all remain the same even if we be born with certain physical limitations. 【答案】may 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：同时，我也有了一种满足感，因为我知道即便我们可能生来就存在某些身体上的限制，但本质上我们还是相同的。may 表示“可能”，在这里强调“也许/或许天生带有局限”，是一种客观存在的可能性，而不是必然事实。用 may 来修饰 be born with，使让步语气更加委婉、温和，符合原文“即便存在这种可能，我们本质相同”的哲理表达。故填may。 27.（25-26高三·广东·学业考试复习）I would rather you (come) here tomorrow. 【答案】came 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我宁愿你明天来。would rather后的宾语从句表示对将来的虚拟，谓语动词用过去式。故填came。 28.（25-26高三·广东·三轮复习）It is necessary that he (return) the books to the library on time. 【答案】(should) return 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：他必须按时将书归还图书馆。在“It is necessary that...”句型中，that引导的从句需用虚拟语气，谓语动词形式为“(should) + 动词原形”。故填(should) return。 29.（25-26高三·江苏·三轮复习）I’d rather you (tell) me the truth instead of hiding it from me. 【答案】told 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我宁愿你告诉我真相，而不是对我隐瞒。根据“I’d rather”可知，would rather后面接的宾语从句需要用虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的情况，其谓语动词形式为过去式。故填told。 30.（2026高三下·福建厦门·专题练习）They have limited understanding of colors, but they often take pride in their ‘creations’ and find endless pleasure from such activities. 【答案】may 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：他们可能对颜色的理解有限，但他们常常为自己的‘创作’感到自豪，并从这些活动中找到无穷的乐趣。may 表示“可能”，在这里用于委婉地陈述一种可能性，即“他们对颜色的理解可能有限”，而不是斩钉截铁地断言“他们就是理解有限”。这种用法在让步转折句中很常见——先承认某种可能的不足，再转折强调其积极的一面，使语气更温和、客观。故填may。 31.（25-26高三下·山东·月考）The expert proposed that the local education department (adjust) the English exam syllabus to better adapt to the needs of talent cultivation in the new era. 【答案】(should) adjust 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：这位专家建议，当地教育部门应调整英语考试大纲，以更好地适应新时代对人才的培养需求。propose表示建议，宾语从句中用虚拟语气，谓语用should+动词原形。故填(should) adjust。 32.（2026高三·全国·专题练习）Had the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDS-related deaths __________ (not fall) since their highest in 2005. 【答案】wouldn’t have fallen 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要是没有政府和科学家的合作，与艾滋病相关的死亡人数就不会从2005年的最高值降下来。从句Had...not worked together是对过去情况的假设，所以主句谓语要用wouldn’t have done。故填wouldn’t have fallen。 33.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）He insisted that he was right and that his plan (carry) out at once. 【答案】(should) be carried 【解析】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：他坚持认为自己是对的，并要求立即执行他的计划。动词“insisted”后接两个由“and”连接的宾语从句：第一个从句“he was right”使用陈述语气陈述观点；第二个从句因“insisted”表示“坚持要求”，需用虚拟语气，结构为“(should) + 动词原形”，should可以省略；主语“his plan”与动词“carry out (执行)”为被动关系，需用被动语态。故填(should) be carried。 34.（25-26高三·江苏·三轮复习）If I (be) more careful, the accident could have been avoided. 【答案】had been 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我当时更小心一些，事故本可以避免。根据主句“the accident could have been avoided”可知，本句表示与过去事实相反的假设，if条件句需用过去完成时(had + 过去分词)。故填had been。 35.（25-26高三·广东·三轮复习）If he (take) the doctor’s advice, he would be fully recovered now. 【答案】had taken 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他当初听了医生的建议，现在就会完全康复了。句子是错综时间条件句，从句表与过去事实相反的假设，谓语需用“had +过去分词”结构；“take”的过去分词为taken。故填had taken。 36.（25-26高三下·江苏扬州·阶段检测）Eating more fibre, or fibre maxxing, be the hottest new dietary trend of 2026. Is it worth chasing? 【答案】may 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：多吃膳食纤维，或者说“膳食纤维最大化”，或许是2026年最热门的新饮食趋势。may 表示“可能”，在这里用于客观推测，即“这件事有可能发生（成为热门趋势），但还不确定”。故填may。 37.（25-26高三·江苏·三轮复习）The manager insisted that the meeting (be) postponed until next week. 【答案】be / should be 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：经理坚持要求会议推迟到下周。动词“insist”表示“坚决要求”时，其后的宾语从句需用虚拟语气，谓语动词形式为“should + 动词原形”，其中“should”可省略。故填be / should be。 38.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）He also insisted that they (leave) enough space for children. 【答案】should leave/leave 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：他还坚持要他们为孩子们留出足够的空间。leave为动词，表示“留下”，作谓语；当动词 insist表示“坚持要求”后接宾语从句时，需用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“(should) + 动词原形”，其中 should 可省略。故填(should) leave。 39.（25-26高三·广东·三轮复习）His suggestion is that we (hold) a meeting to discuss the problem. 【答案】(should) hold 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：他的建议是我们召开一次会议来讨论这个问题。主句主语 suggestion（建议）是标志词，其后的表语从句应使用虚拟语气，谓语动词使用“ (should) + 动词原形”，should可以省略。故填(should) do。 40.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）If he had come here yesterday, he (see) his old friend. 【答案】would have seen 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他昨天来这儿了，他就会见到他的老朋友了。此处考查对过去情况的虚拟，if引导的条件状语从句谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”形式，主句则用“would+have+过去分词”形式，表示与过去事实相反的假设。故填would have seen。 41.（2026·浙江杭州·一模）You get some clues from the videos produced by Zhu Ruoxuan, who was named one of the top 100 content creators in January by Bilibili, a leading video-sharing platform in China. 【答案】may / can 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：你或许能从朱若萱制作的视频中找到一些线索——她在今年1月被哔哩哔哩（中国领先的视频分享平台）评为“百大up主”之一。may 表示“可以”，在这里用于委婉地提出建议或指出可能性，意思是“（你）可以从这些视频中得到线索”。can也表示“能够”，在日常口语中也可以用。故填may / can。 42.（2026高三·全国·专题练习）I insisted that he (see) a doctor at once. 【答案】should see / see 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我坚持要他马上去看医生。根据空前动词insisted可知，此处insist表示“坚持要求”，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”，其中should可省略，所以空处需填(should) see。故填(should) see。 43.（25-26高三·广东·三轮复习）The general commanded that all the soldiers (be) ready before dawn. 【答案】should be / be 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：将军命令所有士兵在黎明前做好准备。“command”表示“命令”，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略；句中be是command后宾语从句谓语动词，用虚拟语气(should) be。故填(should) be。 44.（26-27高三上·全国·课后作业）Mary insisted that she (be) right but her mother insisted that she __________ (say) sorry to Annie. 【答案】was；say / should say 【解析】考查时态和虚拟语气。句意：玛丽坚持认为自己是对的，但她的母亲坚持要求她向安妮道歉。①表示Mary坚持认为自己是对的，属于“坚持某种观点/事实”，应该用陈述语气。主语是she，时态与主句insisted（过去时）保持一致，故用was。②表示母亲要求她道歉，属于“坚持要求某人做某事”，应该用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形，should可省略）。故填①was；②(should) say。 45.（25-26高三·浙江·学业考试复习）It is desired that accurate and timely weather warnings __________ (transmit) to all coastal communities before the storm arrives. 【答案】(should) be transmitted 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：希望在风暴到来之前，准确及时的天气警报能被传送到所有沿海社区。“It is desired that...”是固定句型，意为“希望……”，其中that引导的主语从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(should)+动词原形”；transmit(传送)是主语从句中谓语，与主语weather warnings之间是被动关系，用虚拟语气，即(should) be transmitted。故填(should) be transmitted。 46.（25-26高三·广东·三轮复习）I would rather you (not tell) him the news yesterday. Now he is so upset. 【答案】hadn’t told 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我宁愿你昨天没有告诉他那个消息。他现在非常沮丧。would rather后的从句要用虚拟语气，时间状语yesterday表明这是与过去的事实相反，从句应用过去完成时。故填hadn’t told。 47.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业） a strong teamwork spirit, we wouldn’t complete our tasks very efficiently. 【答案】Without 【解析】考查介词。句意：没有强烈的团队合作精神，我们就不能非常高效地完成任务。根据句意以及空后a strong teamwork spirit可知，此处表示“没有”，应用介词without，句首单词首字母大写。故填Without。 48.（2026高三·全国·专题练习） the present unemployment continue, the society would face a more troublesome situation. 【答案】Should 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：若当前的失业状况持续下去，社会将面临更为棘手的局面。题干是一个叙述将来情况的虚拟语气，if 引导的条件状语从句中，谓语动词可用should+do。这时常把if去掉，把should提到句首，形成部分倒装。故填Should。 49.（25-26高三·广东·学业考试复习）It is necessary that he (return) the book to the library. 【答案】(should) return 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：他必须把书还给图书馆。在It is necessary that...句型中，that从句使用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should do形式，should可以省略。故填(should) return。 50.（25-26高三上·上海·阶段检测）My suggestion is that the problem (discuss) at the meeting as soon as possible. 【答案】(should) be discussed 【解析】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：我的建议是这个问题应该尽快在会议上讨论。分析句子结构可知，“suggestion (建议)”后接表语从句时，从句需用虚拟语气，其结构为“(should) +动词原形”，其中should可省略。再结合语义，the problem与discuss之间是被动关系，因此需用被动语态(should) be discussed。故填 (should) be discussed。 51.（25-26高三下·全国·一轮复习）The firefighters failed to save the dog’s owner because if they __________ (walk) onto the mud, they would have sunk, too. 【答案】had walked 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：消防队员未能救出狗的主人，因为如果他们踏上淤泥的话，他们也会沉下去。此处是if引导的非真实条件句，应用虚拟语气；与过去的事实相反，从句应用过去完成时。故填had walked。 52.（25-26高三上·全国·课后作业）The official demanded that foods and other supplies (send) to the disaster area immediately. 【答案】should be sent / be sent 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：这位官员要求立即向灾区运送食品和其他物资。此处从句主语与谓语构成被动关系，且demand后跟宾语从句，从句需用虚拟语气，谓语用should+动词原形，should可以省略。故填(should) be sent。 53.（25-26高三·广东·三轮复习）If you (receive) the training last month, you (know) how to operate the machine now. 【答案】had received；would know 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你上个月接受了培训，你现在就知道如何操作这台机器了。根据从句的last month和主句的now可知，这是混合虚拟条件句。从句是对过去的虚拟，用“had+过去分词”；主句是对现在的虚拟，用“would + 动词原形”。故填①had received；②would know。 54.（2026高三·全国·专题练习）If only I (be) free now, but I’m too busy to spare any time to have a chat with you. 【答案】were 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要是我现在有空就好了，但我太忙了，抽不出时间和你聊天。根据“now”及“but I’m too busy”可知，此处是对现在情况的相反假设，If only引导的虚拟语气中，对现在的虚拟用一般过去时（be动词常用were）。故填were。 55.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）If I (be) a teacher, I would be strict with my students. 【答案】were 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我是一名教师，我会严格要求我的学生。本句使用了与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，根据虚拟语气的用法，当句子表达与现在的客观事实相反时，从句谓语动词使用一般过去时，系动词be无论主语为单数还是复数都直接变为were。故填were。 56.（25-26高三·广东·三轮复习）I felt he treated me as though I hold him back and probably make him fail to get an A in the course. 【答案】would 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我觉得他对待我就好像我会拖他后腿，可能会让他在这门课上得不到A。本题考查as though后状语从句中对将来的虚拟，用would+动词原形。故填would。 57.（25-26高三·全国·学业考试复习）He is right, but I can’t help wishing they keep those old ferries. 【答案】would / could 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：他是对的，但我不禁希望他们能保留那些旧渡轮。本题考查wish后宾语从句中对将来的虚拟，可用would/could+动词原形。故填would / could。 58.（25-26高三·广东·学业考试复习）If you (study) harder, you would have passed the exam last month. 【答案】had studied 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你当时更努力学习，你上个月就通过考试了。If引导的条件状语从句是与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，从句用过去完成时，谓语用had studied。故填had studied。 59.（26-27高三上·全国·课后作业）It is most urgent that Tom (help) the doctor operate. 【答案】help / should help 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：最紧急的是汤姆应该帮助医生做手术。It is urgent that...中，that 引导的主语从句，谓语动词要用虚拟语气，其结构为“(should)+动词原形”，should可以省略。故填(should) help。 60.(2026高三·全国·专题练习）I couldn’t (go) through that bitter period without your generous help. 【答案】have gone 【解析】考查虚拟语气在含蓄条件句中的运用。句意：如果没有你的慷慨相助的话，我不会熬过那段艰苦的日子。根据题干中的“that bitter period(那段艰苦的日子)”可知，本句为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，without your generous help相当于if it hadn’t been for your generous help, 故本句谓语为couldn’t have gone。故答案为have gone。 61.（25-26高三·全国·一轮复习）It’s a pity that you were late, otherwise you (see) the star from Korea. 【答案】would have seen 【解析】考查虚拟语气、情态动词+have done。句意：很遗憾你迟到了，否则你就会见到那位来自韩国的明星了。otherwise意为 “否则，要不然”，在这里引导含蓄虚拟条件句。根据It’s a pity that you were late可知，句子表示与过去事实相反的假设（因为已经迟到了，所以实际上没有见到明星）。对于与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，主句的谓语动词要用“would/could/might/should + have done”的形式，此处表示“本来会……”，用 would have done结构。故填would have seen。 62.（25-26高三·广东·三轮复习）The doctor recommended that he (avoid) strenuous exercise for a month. 【答案】should avoid/avoid 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：医生建议他一个月内避免剧烈运动。表示“建议、要求、命令”的动词（如recommend, suggest, require, order等）后的宾语从句需用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“(should) +动词原形”，should可省略。故填(should) avoid。 63.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）If I (take) your advice, I could have passed the driving test. 【答案】had taken 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果当初我听了你的建议，我就能通过驾照考试了。对过去情况假设的虚拟语气，从句需用“had +过去分词”，主句用 “could / would / should / might + have +过去分词”。故填had taken。 64.（2026高三·全国·专题练习）It is required that the project (finish) at once. 【答案】(should) be finished 【解析】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：按要求，这个项目必须立刻完工。句中使用固定句型It is required that...（要求……），that引导的从句需用虚拟语气，结构为“(should) + 动词原形”，其中should可以省略；从句主语the project与谓语动词finish之间为被动关系，需用被动语态。故填(should) be finished。 65.（25-26高三·广东·三轮复习）Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise (rot) in fields. 【答案】would have rotted 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：去年，该机构通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵的农产品，回收了超过807500磅的食物；若不这样做，这些农产品原本会在田地里腐烂。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，根据otherwise和句意可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，谓语动词用would have done形式。故填would have rotted。 66.（25-26高三·广东·三轮复习）Sailors, even miles from the blasts, described feeling heat as if they __________ (go) from the shade into the sun, and an intense flash of light even through dark goggles. 【答案】had gone 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：水手们描述说甚至在距离爆炸地点几英里的地方都能感受到热量，就好像他们从阴凉处走到了太阳底下，甚至透过黑色的护目镜也能感受到强烈的闪光。本题考查条件状语从句中对过去的虚拟，使用过去完成时。故填had gone。 67.（2026高三·全国·专题练习） he caught the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting. 【答案】Had 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要是他赶上了早班火车，他开会就不会迟到了。根据would not have been late for the meeting可知，此处是对过去的事情进行虚拟假设，条件句中用过去完成时，正常语序为If he had caught the morning train，if可以省略，句子用部分倒装，将助动词had置于句首。故填Had。 68.（25-26高三·广东·三轮复习）If I (live ) out of town at that time, I would have taken up gardening as a hobby. 【答案】had lived 【解析】考查动词时态虚拟语气。句意：如果那时我住在城外，我就会把园艺当作一种爱好。分析句子可知，句中使用了虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反的假设。从句结构应为“if +主语+ had +过去分词”，主句为“主语+ would have +过去分词”。此处“at that time”表明是对过去情况的假设，“live”的过去分词为“lived”。故填had lived。 69.（25-26高三·全国·一轮复习）David insisted on running as if he (forget) all his weaknesses, though he was tripped over within a few kilometers. 【答案】had forgotten 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：David坚持跑步，好像忘记了他所有的弱点，尽管他在几公里内就被绊倒了。主句时态为过去时（insisted），as if引导的从句表示与事实相反的情况，需使用虚拟语气。在虚拟语气中，若主句是过去时，从句动作发生在主句之前时，需用过去完成时（had +过去分词），表达David“似乎忘记了自己的弱点”（实际并未忘记，后文提到他很快被绊倒）。故填had forgotten。 70.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）Astronauts have to use tape to stick everything down while working in space because everything (float) off otherwise. 【答案】would float 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：宇航员在太空工作时必须用胶带把所有东西都粘住，否则所有东西都会飘走。float“飘”。本空为because引导的原因状语从句的谓语，句中otherwise“否则”提示本句表达的是一种假设情况：如果在无重力的太空环境中不固定物品，它们就会飘走。因此谓语应用“would+动词原形”的结构。故填would float。 71.（25-26高三上·重庆·阶段检测）It is highly recommended that this book (revise) before getting published. 【答案】be revised / should be revised 【解析】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：强烈建议这本书在出版前修改一下。空处应填从句谓语动词，由句意及句中的It is highly recommended that可知此处为表示建议、要求、命令的动词之后的虚拟语气在主语从句中的应用，此时that从句的谓语动词应用(should)+动词原形，从句主语this book与revise之间为被动关系，谓语动词应用被动语态，故填should be revised / be revised。 72.（25-26高三上·全国·课后作业）The physician insisted that the lady (be) seriously ill and that she (operate) on immediately. 【答案】was；be operated/should be operated 【解析】考查时态和虚拟语气。句意：医生坚持说那位女士病情严重，并主张她应该立即接受手术。根据句子分析可知，空1：此处insist意为“坚持说，坚持认为”，故引导的that从句应用陈述语气，主语为the lady，为单数，此处作谓语动词，根据前文insisted可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填was；空2：此处insist意为“坚持主张”，故其引导的that从句应用虚拟语气，谓语动词应用(should)+do，且主语为she，与operate之间为被动关系，故应用(should)+be operated。故填was，(should) be operated。 73.（2026高三上·全国·专题练习）It’s surprising that James insisted that she (come) downtown to explain this. 【答案】come / should come 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：令人惊讶的是，詹姆斯坚持要她到市中心来解释这件事。句中that引导的从句为insisted（坚持要求）后的宾语从句，因此that从句中需使用虚拟语气，即insist +that +should+动词原形，其中should可以省略，主语she与come是主动关系，因此需要使用主动语态，即come或should come。故填come / should come。 74.（2026高三·全国·专题练习）Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don’t think we could __________ (manage) it without you. 【答案】have managed 【解析】考查含蓄虚拟语气。句意：感谢你上周的辛苦工作。我想没有你我们不可能做成。由句意和without you可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，故用“could+have+过去分词”。故填have managed。 75.（2026·浙江杭州·二模）The expert suggested that if students (pay) more attention to accumulating English vocabulary in daily life, their reading comprehension ability would improve significantly. 【答案】paid 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：专家建议，如果学生在日常生活中能更加注重积累英语词汇，他们的阅读理解能力将会显著提高。that后的内容为宾语从句，是expert当时所建议的具体内容。该宾语从句又是一个含条件状语从句的主从复杂句，其主句中使用了would do结构，且其所表述的内容是一个假设性的、与现在事实（专家提建议时）相反的情况，空处应使用一般过去时，表示对现在的虚拟。pay的过去式为paid。故填paid。 76.（25-26高三·全国·一轮复习）He throws his arms and legs out as if he (fly), his eyes wide with excitement.   【答案】were flying 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：他张开双臂和双腿，好像在飞翔，兴奋地睁大了眼睛。as if引导的方式状语从句表示与现在事实相反，应用虚拟语气，且表示“好像正在飞翔”，使用过去进行时，be动词使用were。故填were flying。 77.（25-26高三上·全国·课后作业）We are working the command of the manager that no expense __________ (spare) to make the party a success. 【答案】under；should be spared / be spared 【解析】考查介词和虚拟语气。句意：我们在经理的指挥下工作，为了使晚会成功，我们将不惜一切代价。under the command of“在……的指挥下”是固定搭配。连词that引导是同位语从句，对名词command的内容进行解释说明，从句中的谓语动词应该用should do形式，should可以省略；从句的主语expense与动词spare之间是被动关系，用被动语态。故填under；(should) be spared。 78.（25-26高三上·重庆江津·期中）Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye examination __________ (take) at the age of six months old. 【答案】be taken / should be taken 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：眼科医生建议孩子第一次眼睛检查应在六个月大的时候进行。谓语动词recommend“建议”，后面跟的that引导的宾语从句，从句应用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”，should可以省略，动词take与主语eye examination构成被动关系，应用被动语态。故填(should) be taken。 79.（25-26高三上·全国·课后作业）The old man insisted that he (give) the night shift instead of young people, saying he had no one to take care of. 【答案】(should) be given 【解析】考查虚拟语气，与被动语态。句意：那位老人坚持要让他而不是年轻人上夜班，说他没有人要照顾。此处主语he指的是被轮换夜班，所以需要用被动语态；insist表示“坚持要求时”从句中需要使用should加动词原形，should可省略。故填(should) be given。 80.（25-26高三上·全国·课后作业）If he had played a part in the film, he would (judge) to be the best actor this year. 【答案】have been judged 【解析】考查虚拟语气和语态。句意：如果他在这部电影中扮演了一个角色，他就会被评为今年的最佳男演员。分析句子和句意可知，该句为if条件从句的虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句用过去完成时“had played”，主句应用would have done；动词judge表示“评判、认为”，与主语“he”之间应为被动关系，表示“他本会被评为”，故应用被动语态。故填would have been judged。 81.（2026高三下·福建厦门·专题练习）She talked about the British customs as if she (live) in London for many years, but actually she had only visited there once for a short trip. 【答案】had lived 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：她谈起英国的风俗习惯时，仿佛自己已经在伦敦生活了好多年，但实际上她只是去过那里一次，而且只是短途旅行而已。 as if引导方式状语从句，从句表示对过去事实相反，谓语用had done。故填had lived。 82.（25-26高三上·全国·课后作业）If we (make) adequate interaction and preparation, the meeting would have been very successful. 【答案】had made 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我们做了充分的互动和准备，会议会非常成功的。此处是虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反，主句谓语would have done形式，从句使用过去完成时，故填had made。 83.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）If food waste (be) a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world. 【答案】were 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果食物浪费是一个国家，它将是世界上第三大温室气体排放国。分析句意可知，此处是虚拟语气在条件句中的应用；再根据主句中的would be可知，此处是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，所以条件从句中用一般过去时，且虚拟语气中的be动词都用were。故填were。 84.（2026高三下·全国·专题练习）My husband is always talking about the economy, but I’d rather he __________ (focus) more on our children’s education. 【答案】focused 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我丈夫总是谈论经济，但我宁愿他多关注一下我们孩子的教育。分析句子结构可知，此处应为“would rather+从句”结构，从句中的谓语动词通常使用虚拟语气，根据并列句的谓语动词is always talking可知，此处表示的是现在的情况，所以谓语动词应使用一般过去时，focus与句子主语he之间为主动关系。故填focused。 85.（25-26高三下·江苏南京·阶段检测）I (realize) the experience that I was heading for was anything but boring, had I read the brochure carefully. 【答案】would have realized 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我仔细阅读了宣传册，我就会意识到我即将前往的体验一点也不无聊。由句意及 had I read the brochure carefully为if引导的虚拟语气，与过去事实相反，从句时态为过去完成时，此时主句应用would+have done的结构。故答案为would have realized。 86.（25-26高三下·江苏扬州·阶段检测）But for the abundant English reading materials provided by the school library, the students (broaden) their horizons and improved their reading speed significantly last semester. 【答案】wouldn’t have broadened 【解析】考查虚拟语气用法。句意：上个学期，如果不是学校图书馆提供的丰富的英语阅读资料，学生们的视野不会有很大的开阔，阅读速度也不会有很大的提高。分析句子可知，该句“but for”（要不是、若非）是虚拟语气的标志词，后接名词短语（此处“the abundant English reading materials”），表示“与事实相反的假设”（即“如果没有学校图书馆提供的丰富英语阅读材料”）；时间状语“last semester”（上学期）明确表示 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气场景。虚拟语气句式结构（与过去事实相反）。主句结构为主语 + could / would / should / might + have + 过去分词，此处主句谓语需用“wouldn’t have broadened”表示“不会扩大”，语义成立。故填wouldn’t have broadened。 87.（2026高三下·全国·专题练习）My suggestion is that more people from all walks of life __________ (encourage) to finance the project with their deeper love for these children. 【答案】should be encouraged / be encouraged 【解析】考查谓语动词。句意：我的建议是，应该鼓励更多来自各行各业的人怀着对这些孩子更深的爱来资助这个项目。分析句子结构可知，此处应为表语从句的谓语，suggestion意为“建议”，其后的表语从句的谓语动词形式应为“should+动词原形”，且should可以省略，encourage与主语“more people from all walks of life”之间为被动关系，所以此处应为should be encouraged，且should可以省略。故填(should) be encouraged。 88.（25-26高三下·福建·期末）The UNESCO World Heritage Center repeatedly urges that some cultural relics in Egypt (restore) in order to prevent them from collapse. 【答案】(should) be restored 【解析】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：联合国教科文组织(UNESCO)世界遗产中心为了防止埃及的部分文物倒塌，一再敦促对其进行修复。空处应填谓语动词，表示建议、要求或命令的动词urge / advise / suggest / command / demand, etc.其后接宾语从句时，从句谓语动词应用(should)+动词原形，should可以省略，从句主语some cultural relics与restore之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故填(should) be restored。 89.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）The general directed that an advance (make) the next morning. 【答案】should be made/be made 【解析】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：将军指示第二天早上前进。句中direct意为“指示，命令”时，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即“(should) + 动词原形”，an advance和make之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，即(should) be made。故填(should) be made。 90.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）Because it was a (demand) task, the manager demanded that we (work) extra hours to meet customers’ (demand). 【答案】demanding；should work / work；demands 【解析】考查形容词、虚拟语气、名词。句意：因为这是一项要求很高的任务，经理要求我们加班以满足顾客的要求。①处使用形容词demanding“要求高的”，作定语，修饰名词task。demanded后为that引导的宾语从句，demand的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should+动词原形”，should也可以省略，②处使用should work或work。③处用名词demand“要求”，结合句意可知，要求不止一个，应用名词复数形式，作meet的宾语。故填①demanding②should work或work③demands。 91.（2026高三下·全国·专题练习）The Antarctica is so mysteriously described by some people. If only I __________ (be) there before! 【答案】had been 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：有些人对南极洲的描述如此神秘。要是我以前去过那里就好了！If only引导的条件状语从句，对过去事情的虚拟，故谓语用过去完成时。故填had been。 92.（25-26高三上·山西大同·阶段检测）It was ordered that no smoking (allow) in the library, which made the smokers unhappy. 【答案】should be allowed / be allowed 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：图书馆里禁止吸烟，这使吸烟者很不高兴。此处为“It was ordered that+从句”结构，其中it为形式主语，that引导的主语从句为真正的主语，主语从句中的谓语动词为“should+动词原形”, should可以省略，allow与主语no smoking之间为被动关系，所以谓语动词为(should) be allowed。故填(should) be allowed。 93.（25-26高三上·福建·期末）He insisted that he (be) really tired and that he (allow) to have a rest. 【答案】was；(should) be allowed 【解析】考查动词、虚拟语气。句意：他坚称自己真的很累，应该被允许休息。第一个空，insist表示“坚持说，坚持认为”时，其后宾语从句用陈述语气，根据语境可知，此处时态为一般过去时，故第一个空填was。第二个空，insist 表示“坚决要求，坚持主张”时，其后宾语从句用虚拟语气，即“should + 动词原形”，should 可以省略，且he和allow之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，所以第二个空填 (should) be allowed。故填was；(should) be allowed。 94.（2026高三下·河南南阳·专题练习）The teacher suggests that we remember English words by reading them aloud instead of by just seeing and writing them. 【答案】should 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：老师建议我们应该通过大声朗读来记住英语单词，而不是仅仅通过看和写来记住。 在suggest后面的宾语从句中，谓语动词使用“(should)+动词原形”，故填should。 95.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）Experts suggest that young parents (spend) some time communicating with their children instead of playing with their phones. 【答案】should spend / spend 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：专家建议年轻父母应该花些时间和孩子交流，而不是玩手机。分析句子可知，suggest在此处表示“建议”，后接宾语从句时，从句需用虚拟语气，即“should +动词原形”，且should可以省略。故填(should) spend。 96.（25-26高三·广东·三轮复习）It is appropriate that some time (devote) to thorough study of the results of the Apollo mission. 【答案】should be devoted / be devoted 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：应当花些时间深入研究阿波罗任务的结果，这是恰当的。It is appropriate that... 句型中，that 从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should +动词原形”，should 可以省略。time与devote之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，故填 (should) be devoted。 97.（2026高三·全国·专题练习）Sorry, I’m too busy now. If I (have) time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. 【答案】had 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：抱歉，我现在太忙了。要是我有时间，我肯定会和你一起出去郊游。根据上文“ I’m too busy now(我现在很忙)”可知，此处是对现在情况的虚拟，if从句要用一般过去时，故填had。 98.（25-26高三上·海南海口·阶段检测）I recommend that we (put) off the meeting because of the bad weather. 【答案】put / should put 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：由于天气不好，我建议我们推迟会议。空处位于recommend后that引导的宾语从句中作从句的谓语动词，recommend“建议”后接的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语动词应该用“(should) +动词原形”的形式，其中should可以省略。故填put / should put。 99.（25-26高三下·江苏扬州·期中）She might have lost the opportunity if her mother (not insist) on her going. 【答案】hadn’t insisted 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是她妈妈坚持要她去，她可能就失去了这个机会。根据句意，“if her mother on her going”是虚拟条件句，表示与过去相反的事实，从句中谓语动词用过去完成时态had done，结合提示not insist，用否定式hadn’t insisted。故填hadn’t insisted。 100.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）We would rather our daughter (stay) at home with us, but it is her choice. 【答案】stayed 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们宁愿女儿留在家里和我们在一起，但这是她的选择。would rather后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，用一般过去时表示与现在或将来相反的事实。故填stayed。 II. 语篇填空：(原创) The Shadow of Conflict The escalating tensions among the US, Israel, and Iran have once again cast a dark shadow over the Middle East. As a senior high school student following international news, I believe this issue 1 be too complex to be viewed from a single perspective. If a full-scale war 2 (break) out tomorrow, the consequences would be catastrophic, oil prices would skyrocket, millions would be displaced, and the entire region would be thrown into chaos. Yet, from the perspective of Washington and Tel Aviv, military strikes  3 seem like a quick way to curb Iran’s nuclear ambitions. However, war should never be the first option. If both sides 4 (show) more sincerity in past negotiations, the current crisis might not have escalated to this dangerous point. Unfortunately, decades of hostility have eroded mutual trust, making diplomacy painfully difficult. From Iran’s point of view, it may consider its nuclear program a matter of national pride and sovereignty. But to ease international fears, Iran  5 allow more intrusive inspections. If the US and Iran were to engage in direct talks without preconditions, there  6 (be) at least a chance for de-escalation. If I 7 (be) a policymaker, I would prioritize dialogue over threats, because war solves nothing in the long run. It is vital that every party involved 8 (recognize) that no one truly wins in a modern military confrontation. The UN has recommended that all sides (should) avoid any provocative actions and return to the negotiation table. Instead of exchanging threats, they  9 seek common ground on issues like nuclear non-proliferation. The world cannot afford another war in the Middle East. I strongly believe that only through reason and restraint 10 we secure a peaceful future. 【答案与解析】1. may 2. broke / should break 3. might 4. had shown 5. could 6. would be 7. were 8. (should) recognize 9. ought to / should 10. can 【导语】本文围绕美国、以色列与伊朗之间的紧张局势展开讨论，从一名高中生的视角审视中东地区可能爆发的军事冲突。文章首先描绘了冲突升级所带来的灾难性后果，强调过去错失的外交机会已使局势恶化，而未来若各方能重返谈判桌，仍有一线缓和希望。文章最后呼吁所有相关方通过理性对话取代威胁对抗，并坚信只有克制与合作才能为世界带来真正的和平。 1. may 考查情态动词表推测。句意：作为一名关注国际新闻的高中生，我认为这个问题可能太复杂了，无法从单一视角来看待。此处may表示“可能”，符合作者作为高中生对国际事务持谨慎态度的语境。故填may。 2. broke / should break 考查虚拟语气——与将来事实相反。句意：如果明天爆发一场全面战争，后果将是灾难性的…… If a full-scale war ___ out tomorrow 中，时间状语 tomorrow 表明是对将来的假设，且可能性极低。虚拟语气中，与将来事实相反的条件句谓语可用 did 或 should do。故填broke / should break。 3. might 考查情态动词表推测。句意：然而，从华盛顿和特拉维夫的角度来看，军事打击或许看起来是遏制伊朗核野心的一种快捷方式。might 表示“可能、或许”，是 may 的过去式形式，但在此处并不表示过去时，而是语气比may更加委婉、不确定，用于提出一种可能性，暗示作者对这种“快捷方式”的效果持保留态度。故填might。 4. had shown 考查虚拟语气——与过去事实相反。句意：如果双方在过去谈判中表现出更多的诚意，当前的危机可能就不会升级到如此危险的地步。时间状语 in past negotiations 明确指向过去。与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，从句谓语用 had +过去分词（had shown），主句用 would / might / could + have done。故填had shown。 5. could 考查情态动词表建议/可能性。句意：但为了缓解国际社会的担忧，伊朗可以允许更具侵入性的核查。could 在此处表示“可以、能够”，用于提出一种建设性的建议或可能性，语气委婉，不给对方施加压力。故填could。 6. would be 考查虚拟语气——与将来事实相反（主句）。句意：如果美国和伊朗在没有先决条件的情况下进行直接对话，那将会至少有一次降级局势的机会。此句If the US and Iran were to engage... 是对将来的虚拟假设（可能性极低），主句谓语用 would +动词原形，即 would be。故填would be。 7. were 考查虚拟语气——与现在事实相反。句意：如果我是一名决策者，我会优先选择对话而非威胁…… 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，if 从句中 be动词一律用were（无论主语人称），这是语法中的固定规则。此处说话者并非决策者（事实相反），故用 were。 8. (should) recognize 考查虚拟语气——should型虚拟（主语从句）。句意：至关重要的是，每个相关方都应该认识到，在现代军事对抗中没有真正的赢家。在 It is vital / important / essential / necessary + that从句结构中，从句谓语需用 （should）+动词原形，should 可以省略。故填(should) recognize。 9. ought to / should 考查情态动词表建议/道义责任。句意：与其相互威胁，他们应该在核不扩散等问题上寻求共同点。ought to 与 should 同义，均表示“应该”，但 ought to 语气稍强，带有“道义上理应如此”的含义。此处二者均可填入，表示对各方提出的理性建议。故填ought to / should。 10. can 考查情态动词表能力/可能性。句意：我坚信，只有通过理性和克制，我们才能确保一个和平的未来。此处是倒装结构 only through... can we secure...，can 表示“能够”，强调“唯有通过理性和克制，才有能力确保和平”。倒装句中的情态动词需提前至主语前，此处 can 既表能力，也暗含可能性。故填can。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题3.3 情态动词和虚拟语气 (单句语法填空100题 + 原创情态动词和虚拟语气语法填空1篇) I.单句语法填空： 1.（2026·江苏常州·模拟预测）By bringing this concept to the US, a country shaped by cultural diversity, Zhao hopes Junzi Kitchen present a modern and inclusive vision of Chinese culture. 2.（25-26高三下·湖南长沙·阶段检测）To achieve this ambitious goal, Chinese scientists conduct extensive research before launching the rockets. 3.（2026高三·全国·专题练习）We desire that immediate help (give) to the people trapped by the flood. 4.（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）Without your help, we (fail) the exam last week. 5.（2026·江苏·一模）Elderly people often tell the young that sunlight disinfect clothes and bring good luck, passing down these beliefs from generation to generation. 6.（25-26高三上·福建厦门·阶段检测）She looked at me as if she (see) a ghost, her face pale with shock. 7.（2026高三·全国·专题练习）The doctor insisted that he (be) seriously ill and that he __________ (operate) on immediately. 8.（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）How I wish I (not, try) to repair the cellphone! I only made it worse. 9.（25-26高三下·广东汕头·开学考试）To sustain this trend, China draw inspiration from its cultural heritage and present it in modern, audience-friendly forms. 10.（2026高三·全国·专题练习）The study of traditions should be combined with practice. Otherwise, the recreation of traditions (be) artificial and empty, he said. 11.（25-26高三下·江苏南通·期中）Beyond everyday seasonings like soy sauce and vinegar (醋), which are themselves products of fermentation, more distinctive creations be found. 12.（2026高三·全国·专题练习）It is suggested that the last hour of a day (spend) on reflection — the failures and successes, however large or small. 13.（25-26高三下·广东汕头·开学考试）He would rather that the final English exam (arrange) after the sports meeting so that students could prepare for it with a more relaxed mood. 14.（2026·江苏常州·模拟预测）If the local government (take) effective measures to protect the ancient buildings ten years ago, many historical relics would not have been damaged in the heavy rain last summer. 15.（2026·浙江杭州·模拟预测）“Filling the gaps of life with the literature I love brings me joy. Our lives are different, but we find our own happiness,” he said. 16.（25-26高三下·江苏扬州·阶段检测）Fibre stop digestive enzymes (酶) from reaching rapidly broken down foods, such as sugar and fat, preventing too much from being absorbed by the body. 17.（2026高三·全国·专题练习）It was President Xi Jinping who visited the navy troops on April 19 and urged that naval force (strengthen). 18.（2026·浙江杭州·模拟预测）She told her friend that if she (have) enough time and money next year, she would travel to the UK to experience authentic English culture. 19.（25-26高三下·山东·月考）The reality is as if the whole world (be) against him when he failed in the important exam for the third time. 20.（2026高三·全国·专题练习）If you (tell) me the change of the schedule, I wouldn’t have been late for the meeting. 21.（25-26高三下·福建福州·阶段检测）Therefore, if you are a fan, you not wait for June to enjoy this treasure, especially when you have a generous family member, who is ready to treat you all year long. 22.（2026高三·全国·专题练习）If I had seen him yesterday, I (tell) him the news. 23.（25-26高三·广东·学业考试复习）If I (be) you, I would think twice before making the decision. 24.（25-26高三·全国·学业考试复习）He throws his arms and legs out as if he (be) flying, his eyes wide with excitement. 25.（25-26高三·广东·三轮复习）The machine is making a loud noise as if it (break) down. 26.（25-26高三下·山东·月考）I also felt a sense of fulfillment with the understanding that we all remain the same even if we be born with certain physical limitations. 27.（25-26高三·广东·学业考试复习）I would rather you (come) here tomorrow. 28.（25-26高三·广东·三轮复习）It is necessary that he (return) the books to the library on time. 29.（25-26高三·江苏·三轮复习）I’d rather you (tell) me the truth instead of hiding it from me. 30.（2026高三下·福建厦门·专题练习）They have limited understanding of colors, but they often take pride in their ‘creations’ and find endless pleasure from such activities. 31.（25-26高三下·山东·月考）The expert proposed that the local education department (adjust) the English exam syllabus to better adapt to the needs of talent cultivation in the new era. 32.（2026高三·全国·专题练习）Had the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDS-related deaths __________ (not fall) since their highest in 2005. 33.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）He insisted that he was right and that his plan (carry) out at once. 34.（25-26高三·江苏·三轮复习）If I (be) more careful, the accident could have been avoided. 35.（25-26高三·广东·三轮复习）If he (take) the doctor’s advice, he would be fully recovered now. 36.（25-26高三下·江苏扬州·阶段检测）Eating more fibre, or fibre maxxing, be the hottest new dietary trend of 2026. Is it worth chasing? 37.（25-26高三·江苏·三轮复习）The manager insisted that the meeting (be) postponed until next week. 38.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）He also insisted that they (leave) enough space for children. 39.（25-26高三·广东·三轮复习）His suggestion is that we (hold) a meeting to discuss the problem. 40.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）If he had come here yesterday, he (see) his old friend. 41.（2026·浙江杭州·一模）You get some clues from the videos produced by Zhu Ruoxuan, who was named one of the top 100 content creators in January by Bilibili, a leading video-sharing platform in China. 42.（2026高三·全国·专题练习）I insisted that he (see) a doctor at once. 43.（25-26高三·广东·三轮复习）The general commanded that all the soldiers (be) ready before dawn. 44.（26-27高三上·全国·课后作业）Mary insisted that she (be) right but her mother insisted that she __________ (say) sorry to Annie. 45.（25-26高三·浙江·学业考试复习）It is desired that accurate and timely weather warnings __________ (transmit) to all coastal communities before the storm arrives. 46.（25-26高三·广东·三轮复习）I would rather you (not tell) him the news yesterday. Now he is so upset. 47.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业） a strong teamwork spirit, we wouldn’t complete our tasks very efficiently. 48.（2026高三·全国·专题练习） the present unemployment continue, the society would face a more troublesome situation. 49.（25-26高三·广东·学业考试复习）It is necessary that he (return) the book to the library. 50.（25-26高三上·上海·阶段检测）My suggestion is that the problem (discuss) at the meeting as soon as possible. 51.（25-26高三下·全国·一轮复习）The firefighters failed to save the dog’s owner because if they __________ (walk) onto the mud, they would have sunk, too. 52.（25-26高三上·全国·课后作业）The official demanded that foods and other supplies (send) to the disaster area immediately. 53.（25-26高三·广东·三轮复习）If you (receive) the training last month, you (know) how to operate the machine now. 54.（2026高三·全国·专题练习）If only I (be) free now, but I’m too busy to spare any time to have a chat with you. 55.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）If I (be) a teacher, I would be strict with my students. 56.（25-26高三·广东·三轮复习）I felt he treated me as though I hold him back and probably make him fail to get an A in the course. 57.（25-26高三·全国·学业考试复习）He is right, but I can’t help wishing they keep those old ferries. 58.（25-26高三·广东·学业考试复习）If you (study) harder, you would have passed the exam last month. 59.（26-27高三上·全国·课后作业）It is most urgent that Tom (help) the doctor operate. 60.(2026高三·全国·专题练习）I couldn’t (go) through that bitter period without your generous help. 61.（25-26高三·全国·一轮复习）It’s a pity that you were late, otherwise you (see) the star from Korea. 62.（25-26高三·广东·三轮复习）The doctor recommended that he (avoid) strenuous exercise for a month. 63.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）If I (take) your advice, I could have passed the driving test. 64.（2026高三·全国·专题练习）It is required that the project (finish) at once. 65.（25-26高三·广东·三轮复习）Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise (rot) in fields. 66.（25-26高三·广东·三轮复习）Sailors, even miles from the blasts, described feeling heat as if they __________ (go) from the shade into the sun, and an intense flash of light even through dark goggles. 67.（2026高三·全国·专题练习） he caught the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting. 68.（25-26高三·广东·三轮复习）If I (live ) out of town at that time, I would have taken up gardening as a hobby. 69.（25-26高三·全国·一轮复习）David insisted on running as if he (forget) all his weaknesses, though he was tripped over within a few kilometers. 70.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）Astronauts have to use tape to stick everything down while working in space because everything (float) off otherwise. 71.（25-26高三上·重庆·阶段检测）It is highly recommended that this book (revise) before getting published. 72.（25-26高三上·全国·课后作业）The physician insisted that the lady (be) seriously ill and that she (operate) on immediately. 73.（2026高三上·全国·专题练习）It’s surprising that James insisted that she (come) downtown to explain this. 74.（2026高三·全国·专题练习）Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don’t think we could __________ (manage) it without you. 75.（2026·浙江杭州·二模）The expert suggested that if students (pay) more attention to accumulating English vocabulary in daily life, their reading comprehension ability would improve significantly. 76.（25-26高三·全国·一轮复习）He throws his arms and legs out as if he (fly), his eyes wide with excitement.   77.（25-26高三上·全国·课后作业）We are working the command of the manager that no expense __________ (spare) to make the party a success. 78.（25-26高三上·重庆江津·期中）Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye examination __________ (take) at the age of six months old. 79.（25-26高三上·全国·课后作业）The old man insisted that he (give) the night shift instead of young people, saying he had no one to take care of. 80.（25-26高三上·全国·课后作业）If he had played a part in the film, he would (judge) to be the best actor this year. 81.（2026高三下·福建厦门·专题练习）She talked about the British customs as if she (live) in London for many years, but actually she had only visited there once for a short trip. 82.（25-26高三上·全国·课后作业）If we (make) adequate interaction and preparation, the meeting would have been very successful. 83.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）If food waste (be) a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world. 84.（2026高三下·全国·专题练习）My husband is always talking about the economy, but I’d rather he __________ (focus) more on our children’s education. 85.（25-26高三下·江苏南京·阶段检测）I (realize) the experience that I was heading for was anything but boring, had I read the brochure carefully. 86.（25-26高三下·江苏扬州·阶段检测）But for the abundant English reading materials provided by the school library, the students (broaden) their horizons and improved their reading speed significantly last semester. 87.（2026高三下·全国·专题练习）My suggestion is that more people from all walks of life __________ (encourage) to finance the project with their deeper love for these children. 88.（25-26高三下·福建·期末）The UNESCO World Heritage Center repeatedly urges that some cultural relics in Egypt (restore) in order to prevent them from collapse. 89.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）The general directed that an advance (make) the next morning. 90.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）Because it was a (demand) task, the manager demanded that we (work) extra hours to meet customers’ (demand). 91.（2026高三下·全国·专题练习）The Antarctica is so mysteriously described by some people. If only I __________ (be) there before! 92.（25-26高三上·山西大同·阶段检测）It was ordered that no smoking (allow) in the library, which made the smokers unhappy. 93.（25-26高三上·福建·期末）He insisted that he (be) really tired and that he (allow) to have a rest. 94.（2026高三下·河南南阳·专题练习）The teacher suggests that we remember English words by reading them aloud instead of by just seeing and writing them. 95.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）Experts suggest that young parents (spend) some time communicating with their children instead of playing with their phones. 96.（25-26高三·广东·三轮复习）It is appropriate that some time (devote) to thorough study of the results of the Apollo mission. 97.（2026高三·全国·专题练习）Sorry, I’m too busy now. If I (have) time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. 98.（25-26高三上·海南海口·阶段检测）I recommend that we (put) off the meeting because of the bad weather. 99.（25-26高三下·江苏扬州·期中）She might have lost the opportunity if her mother (not insist) on her going. 100.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）We would rather our daughter (stay) at home with us, but it is her choice. II. 语篇填空：(原创) The Shadow of Conflict The escalating tensions among the US, Israel, and Iran have once again cast a dark shadow over the Middle East. As a senior high school student following international news, I believe this issue 1 be too complex to be viewed from a single perspective. If a full-scale war 2 (break) out tomorrow, the consequences would be catastrophic, oil prices would skyrocket, millions would be displaced, and the entire region would be thrown into chaos. Yet, from the perspective of Washington and Tel Aviv, military strikes  3 seem like a quick way to curb Iran’s nuclear ambitions. However, war should never be the first option. If both sides 4 (show) more sincerity in past negotiations, the current crisis might not have escalated to this dangerous point. Unfortunately, decades of hostility have eroded mutual trust, making diplomacy painfully difficult. From Iran’s point of view, it may consider its nuclear program a matter of national pride and sovereignty. But to ease international fears, Iran  5 allow more intrusive inspections. If the US and Iran were to engage in direct talks without preconditions, there  6 (be) at least a chance for de-escalation. If I 7 (be) a policymaker, I would prioritize dialogue over threats, because war solves nothing in the long run. It is vital that every party involved 8 (recognize) that no one truly wins in a modern military confrontation. The UN has recommended that all sides (should) avoid any provocative actions and return to the negotiation table. Instead of exchanging threats, they  9 seek common ground on issues like nuclear non-proliferation. The world cannot afford another war in the Middle East. I strongly believe that only through reason and restraint 10 we secure a peaceful future. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $