专题01 Unit 1 Face values-【语境串考点】一轮高频考点 单元备考学案 -2027届高三英语外研版选择性必修第三册

该高中英语高考复习学案系统梳理了选修三Unit 1及高考高频的12个核心词汇，通过语境串记语篇构建词汇内在联系，再以知识点列表、词根拆解、词性变化总表等层次化设计，引导学生从语篇理解到词形、词义、用法自主梳理，形成完整的词汇知识网络。 亮点在于自主学习支持与个性化复习设计，如语境复现语法填空结合真题改编，知识点默写强化应用，记忆链复述自测工具帮助学生自主诊断掌握情况，培养语言能力和学习能力。教师可通过学生练习反馈精准指导，助力因材施教，提升备考实效。

乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点 专题01【语境串考点】第一单元备考学案（外研版2019） 高考高频知识点：boost / overlook / identical / assumption / acknowledge / welfare / loyal / comprehension / immense / exquisite / resemble / melancholy （知识点来源：选修三 Unit 1 · Face values + 高考高频知识点） 学校:______________ 姓名: ______________ 班级: ______________ 座号: ______________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记语篇 1 【英文语篇】 1 【中文译文】 1 Part 2 知识点列表 1 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 2 Part 4 词性变化总表 8 Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 8 【练习题】 8 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 10 【练习题】 10 Part 7 关联阅读 10 Part 8 写作运用 — 词汇升级 11 Part 9 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 12 Part 1 语境串记语篇 【英文语篇】 We often judge people by their appearance, yet such first impressions can easily overlook the true worth inside. Two students may look identical in their school uniforms, but their characters could not be more different. A simple smile or a word of encouragement can boost a person's confidence and change the course of a whole day, without anyone noticing the small miracle. It is a common assumption that those who are good-looking are also good-hearted, but life rarely works that way. When a shy classmate finally speaks up in class, we should acknowledge their courage rather than laugh at them. True beauty lies not in the face but in the welfare of the soul and the quiet kindness one shows to others. A loyal friend does not resemble the heroes in films, yet their quiet support brings immense comfort in hard times. They show an exquisite understanding of our feelings and a deep comprehension of what we truly need. Even in moments of melancholy, their presence is a gift far more precious than any outward charm or perfect face. 【中文译文】 我们常常以貌取人，然而这样的第一印象很容易忽视（overlook）内在的真正价值。两名学生在校服上可能看起来一模一样（identical），但他们的性格却可能截然不同。一个微笑或一句鼓励的话就能提升（boost）一个人的自信，并改变一整天的走向，而无人察觉这小小的奇迹。 一个常见的假设（assumption）是：长得好看的人也心地善良，但生活很少如此。当一位害羞的同学终于在课堂上开口时，我们应当认可（acknowledge）他的勇气，而不是嘲笑他。真正的美不在于面容，而在于灵魂的福祉（welfare）以及一个人默默展现给他人的善意。 忠诚的（loyal）朋友并不像电影里的英雄，然而他们安静的支持在艰难时刻带来巨大的（immense）安慰。他们对我们的感受表现出精致细腻的（exquisite）理解，也对我们的真实需求有深刻的领悟（comprehension）。即使在忧郁（melancholy）的时刻，他们的陪伴也是比任何外在魅力或完美面容都珍贵得多的礼物。 Part 2 知识点列表 序号 知识点 音标 词性 + 释义 + ⚡考点： 1 boost /buːst/ v./n. 促进，提升，增强 ⚡考点：boost one's confidence 提升自信；boost the economy 刺激经济；a boost to 对…的推动 2 overlook /ˌəʊvəˈlʊk/ v. 忽视，俯瞰 ⚡考点：overlook the mistake 忽视错误；overlook the sea 俯瞰大海；overlooked adj. 被忽视的 3 identical /aɪˈdentɪkl/ adj. 完全相同的，一模一样的 ⚡考点：be identical to/with 与…完全相同；identical twins 同卵双胞胎；identify v. 识别 4 assumption /əˈsʌmpʃn/ n. 假设，假定 ⚡考点：on the assumption that 假设…；make an assumption 作出假设；assume v. 假定 5 acknowledge /əkˈnɒlɪdʒ/ v. 承认，致谢，告知收到 ⚡考点：acknowledge one's help 感谢某人的帮助；acknowledge the problem 承认问题；acknowledgment n. 确认 6 welfare /ˈwelfeə(r)/ n. 幸福，福祉，福利 ⚡考点：social welfare 社会福利；the welfare of 对…的福祉；welfare state 福利国家 7 loyal /ˈlɔɪəl/ adj. 忠诚的，忠实的 ⚡考点：be loyal to 对…忠诚；a loyal friend 忠诚的朋友；loyalty n. 忠诚 8 comprehension /ˌkɒmprɪˈhenʃn/ n. 理解，领悟 ⚡考点：reading comprehension 阅读理解；beyond one's comprehension 超出理解；comprehend v. 理解 9 immense /ɪˈmens/ adj. 巨大的，极大的 ⚡考点：immense importance 极其重要；an immense amount of 大量的；immensity n. 巨大 10 exquisite /ˈekskwɪzɪt/ adj. 精致的，细腻的，强烈的 ⚡考点：exquisite beauty 精致的美；exquisite pain 剧烈的痛；exquisitely adv. 精致地 11 resemble /rɪˈzembl/ v. 像，与…相似 ⚡考点：resemble one's mother 像母亲；closely resemble 酷似；resemblance n. 相似处 12 melancholy /ˈmelənkəli/ n./adj. 忧郁（的），愁思 ⚡考点：a sense of melancholy 忧郁感；a melancholy mood 忧郁的心情；melancholic adj. 忧郁的 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 1. boost /buːst/ v./n. 促进，提升，增强 【核心考点】 boost是说明文与记叙文类语篇的高频动词兼名词。动词用法要点：①提升，增强——boost one's confidence（提升自信）、boost the economy（刺激经济）；②提高（士气、成绩等）——boost morale（鼓舞士气）。名词用法：推动，激励——a boost to one's career（对事业的推动）。派生词：boosted adj. 被提升的；booster n. 推动者；助力。辨析：boost（提升，推动，强调上扬）vs improve（改善，提高）vs enhance（增强，美化）vs promote（促进，晋升）。写作金句：A kind word can boost a person's confidence more than we will ever know（一句善意的话能提升一个人的自信，远超我们的想象）。 【词根联想】 可能源自苏格兰语boust"自夸、膨胀"（膨胀→往上推）→ 推上去→ 提升。联想：boost"上推"→ boost（提升）、booster（助推器）。记住：boost=把…往上推一把。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：boost作名词还可表示"（火箭的）助推器阶段"，如a boost phase（助推阶段）。此义出现于科技类语篇，阅读中注意。 【真题原句】 （2023全国乙卷·语法填空真题）"Smiling at others is a small act, but it is a great way to boost one's confidence at any time."（对别人微笑是小小的举动，但它随时都是提升自信的好方法。）（真题原句·boost 提升） 【搭配词块】 boost one's confidence 提升自信 / boost the economy 刺激经济 / a boost to 对…的推动 / booster n. 推动者 2. overlook /ˌəʊvəˈlʊk/ v. 忽视，俯瞰 【核心考点】 overlook是说明文与议论文类语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①忽视，忽略——overlook the mistake（忽视错误）、overlook a detail（忽略细节）；②俯瞰，眺望——The window overlooks the sea（窗户俯瞰大海）。派生词：overlooked adj. 被忽视的——an overlooked problem（被忽视的问题）。辨析：overlook（忽视，多指无意漏看）vs ignore（故意不理）vs neglect（疏于照顾/管理）vs omit（遗漏，省略）。写作金句：We must not overlook the quiet kindness of ordinary people, for it holds the world together（我们绝不能忽视普通人默默的善意，因为正是它把世界维系在一起）。 【词根联想】 古英语ofer（over"在…上方"）+ locian（look"看"）→ 从上方看→ 俯瞰→ 忽略（没看仔细）。联想：look"看"→ overlook（从上往下看→俯瞰/忽略）、outlook（前景→往外看）、oversee（监督→从上观看）。记住：over + look = 看过去没注意。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：overlook作"俯瞰"时为中性/褒义，如a room overlooking the garden（俯瞰花园的房间）；作"忽视"时为贬义。阅读中注意一词多义的方向。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"We often judge people by their appearance, yet such first impressions can easily overlook the true worth inside."（我们常以貌取人，然而这样的第一印象很容易忽视内在的真正价值。）（经典原句·overlook 忽视） 【搭配词块】 overlook the mistake 忽视错误 / overlook a detail 忽略细节 / overlook the sea 俯瞰大海 / overlooked adj. 被忽视的 3. identical /aɪˈdentɪkl/ adj. 完全相同的，一模一样的 【核心考点】 identical是说明文与描写类语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①完全相同的——be identical to/with（与…完全相同）——The two copies are identical；②一模一样的——identical twins（同卵双胞胎）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：identity n. 身份→ identity card（身份证）；identify v. 识别→ identify the problem（找出问题）；identification n. 识别。辨析：identical（完全一样）vs same（相同的）vs similar（相似的）vs equal（相等的）。写作金句：Though their faces may be identical, no two souls in this world are ever the same（尽管面容可能相同，这世上没有两个灵魂是一样的）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语identitas"同一性"（idem"同样的"）→ 同一的→ 相同的。联想：ident"同一"→ identical（相同的）、identity（身份）、identify（识别）、identification（识别）。记住：ident=同一，相同即一致。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：identical还可表示"（法律上）同一的，本身的"，如the identical person（就是那个人本人）。此义强调"正是同一个"，阅读中注意。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Two students may look identical in their school uniforms, but their characters could not be more different."（两名学生在校服上可能看起来一模一样，但他们的性格却可能截然不同。）（经典原句·identical 完全相同的） 【搭配词块】 be identical to/with 与…完全相同 / identical twins 同卵双胞胎 / identify the problem 找出问题 / identity n. 身份 4. assumption /əˈsʌmpʃn/ n. 假设，假定 【核心考点】 assumption是议论文与说明文类语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①假设，假定——on the assumption that（假设……）——We worked on the assumption that it would rain；②承担（职责）——the assumption of office（就职）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：assume v. 假定，承担→ assume responsibility（承担责任）；assumed adj. 假定的。辨析：assumption（假设，未经证实的假定）vs presumption（推测，放肆的假定）vs hypothesis（科学假设）vs supposition（猜想）。写作金句：The assumption that success comes only from talent has been challenged by stories of quiet, daily effort（成功只来自天赋这一假设，已被日复一日默默努力的故事所挑战）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语assumere"拿取、承担"（ad-"向"+sumere"取"）→ 取为己用→ 假定。联想：sum"取"→ assumption（假定）、assume（假定/承担）、consume（消耗）、resume（恢复）。记住：as + sume = 拿来做前提。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：assumption还可表示"（宗教）升天，圣母升天"，如the Assumption（圣母升天节）。此义为专有宗教用法，高考阅读极少出现。 【真题原句】 （2024新高考I卷·阅读D真题）"The assumption that humans are rational beings who always make decisions based on logical reasoning has been challenged by studies showing that emotions play a crucial role."（假设人类是会推理的理性生物，这一假设已受到研究的挑战——这些研究表明情感起着关键作用。）（真题原句·assumption 假设） 【搭配词块】 on the assumption that 假设… / make an assumption 作出假设 / assume responsibility 承担责任 / assumed adj. 假定的 5. acknowledge /əkˈnɒlɪdʒ/ v. 承认，致谢，告知收到 【核心考点】 acknowledge是书信类与议论文语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①承认——acknowledge the problem（承认问题）、acknowledge that...（承认……）；②致谢，感谢——acknowledge one's help（感谢某人的帮助）；③告知收到（信件、礼物）——acknowledge receipt of the letter（告知收到来信）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：acknowledgment（也作acknowledgement）n. 确认，致谢。辨析：acknowledge（承认，含"认可"意味）vs admit（承认错误/事实）vs confess（忏悔，认错）vs recognize（认出，认可）。写作金句：To acknowledge another person's courage is to give them a light that may guide their whole year（认可一个人的勇气，就是给他一盏可能照亮其一整年的灯）。 【词根联想】 中古英语akenowen"认识到"（a-"使"+know"知道"）+ -ledge名词后缀→ 使知道→ 承认。联想：know"知道"→ acknowledge（承认/致谢）、knowledge（知识）。记住：ac + know = 让人知道→ 承认。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：acknowledge常见生义为"致谢/告知收到"，如We acknowledge your support（我们感谢你们的支持），并非"知道"之义。书信与导语中尤多，阅读需结合语境判断。 【真题原句】 （2022新课标Ⅱ卷·阅读真题）"We acknowledge your support and help, without which the project could not have been completed on time."（我们感谢你们的支持与帮助，没有这些，项目本无法按时完成。）（熟词生义：acknowledge 在此意为"感谢/告知收到"）（真题原句·acknowledge 致谢） 【搭配词块】 acknowledge one's help 感谢某人的帮助 / acknowledge the problem 承认问题 / acknowledge receipt 告知收到 / acknowledgment n. 确认 6. welfare /ˈwelfeə(r)/ n. 幸福，福祉，福利 【核心考点】 welfare是说明文与社会类语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①福祉，幸福——the welfare of the children（孩子们的福祉）、general welfare（普遍福祉）；②福利——social welfare（社会福利）、welfare system（福利制度）。派生词：welfare-state n. 福利国家。辨析：welfare（福祉，福利，总称）vs benefit（利益，好处）vs well-being（幸福安康）vs interest（利益）。写作金句：True progress is measured not by wealth alone, but by the welfare of the least fortunate among us（真正的进步不只以财富衡量，而以我们中最不幸者的福祉来衡量）。 【词根联想】 古英语wel"好"+ faran"旅程、处境"→ 过得好的状态→ 福祉。联想：well"好"→ welfare（福祉）、well-being（安康）。记住：wel + fare = 过得好。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：welfare在英美语境中常特指"政府救济金"，如on welfare（领救济金）。此义含社会政策色彩，阅读中注意。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"True beauty lies not in the face but in the welfare of the soul and the quiet kindness one shows to others."（真正的美不在于面容，而在于灵魂的福祉以及一个人默默展现给他人的善意。）（经典原句·welfare 福祉） 【搭配词块】 the welfare of 对…的福祉 / social welfare 社会福利 / general welfare 普遍福祉 / welfare system 福利制度 7. loyal /ˈlɔɪəl/ adj. 忠诚的，忠实的 【核心考点】 loyal是人物描写与记叙文类语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①忠诚的，忠实的——be loyal to（对…忠诚）——Dogs are loyal to their owners；②忠贞的——a loyal friend（忠诚的朋友）、loyal support（忠实的支持）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：loyalty n. 忠诚→ a sense of loyalty（忠诚感）；loyally adv. 忠诚地。辨析：loyal（忠诚的，情感上的）vs faithful（忠实的，守信的）vs devoted（挚爱的，投入的）vs trustworthy（值得信赖的）。写作金句：A loyal friend is a rare treasure, for they stay when the crowd has long gone（忠诚的朋友是稀有的珍宝，因为人群早已散去，他们却还在）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语legalis"法律的"（lex"法律"）→ 遵守誓约→ 忠诚的。联想：leg"法律"→ loyal（忠诚的）、loyalty（忠诚）、legal（合法的）、allege（声称→依法律陈述）。记住：loy=守约，守约即忠诚。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：loyal意义稳定，无典型生义。注意be loyal to（对…忠诚）后接名词或代词，是阅读与写作的高频搭配。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"A loyal friend does not resemble the heroes in films, yet their quiet support brings immense comfort in hard times."（忠诚的朋友并不像电影里的英雄，然而他们安静的支持在艰难时刻带来巨大的安慰。）（经典原句·loyal 忠诚的） 【搭配词块】 be loyal to 对…忠诚 / a loyal friend 忠诚的朋友 / a sense of loyalty 忠诚感 / loyally adv. 忠诚地 8. comprehension /ˌkɒmprɪˈhenʃn/ n. 理解，领悟 【核心考点】 comprehension是教育类与说明文语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①理解，领悟——reading comprehension（阅读理解）、beyond one's comprehension（超出某人的理解）；②包含，广泛性——the comprehension of the whole plan（对整个计划的通盘理解）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：comprehend v. 理解→ Hard to comprehend（难以理解）；comprehensive adj. 全面的→ a comprehensive review（全面审查）。辨析：comprehension（理解力，名词）vs understanding（理解，体谅）vs grasp（掌握，抓住）vs perception（感知，认知）。写作金句：Real comprehension comes not from memorizing words, but from living the ideas they carry（真正的领悟不在背诵词语，而在亲历它们所承载的思想）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语comprehendere"全部抓住"（com-"完全"+prehendere"抓"）→ 完全抓住→ 理解。联想：prehend"抓"→ comprehension（理解）、comprehend（理解）、apprehend（逮捕→抓住）、comprehensive（全面的）。记住：com + prehend = 全抓住→ 懂了。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：comprehension还可作形容词性用法的前缀comprehensive"全面的、综合的"，如comprehensive school（综合中学）。注意词性转换。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"They show an exquisite understanding of our feelings and a deep comprehension of what we truly need."（他们对我们的感受表现出精致细腻的理解，也对我们真正所需有深刻的领悟。）（经典原句·comprehension 领悟） 【搭配词块】 reading comprehension 阅读理解 / beyond one's comprehension 超出理解 / comprehend v. 理解 / comprehensive adj. 全面的 9. immense /ɪˈmens/ adj. 巨大的，极大的 【核心考点】 immense是描写类与议论文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①巨大的，极大的——immense importance（极其重要）、an immense amount of（大量的）——immense pressure（巨大压力）；②（空间）广阔的——the immense ocean（浩瀚的海洋）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：immensity n. 巨大，浩瀚；immensely adv. 极大地→ benefit immensely（获益极大）。辨析：immense（巨大的，侧重"不可丈量的大"）vs huge（巨大的）vs enormous（庞大的）vs vast（广阔的）。写作金句：The sea of human kindness is immense, yet a single act can still ripple across it（人类善意的海洋浩瀚无边，然而一个举动仍能在其中激起涟漪）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语immensus"无法测量的"（in-"不"+mensus"测量"，来自metiri"测量"）→ 量不出→ 巨大的。联想：mens"测量"→ immense（巨大的）、measure（测量）、dimension（维度→测量的量）。记住：im + mense = 量不了→ 极大。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：immense在口语中可作副词意味的强调（非正式），如immense fun（极其有趣）。正式写作中仍作形容词。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"A loyal friend does not resemble the heroes in films, yet their quiet support brings immense comfort in hard times."（忠诚的朋友并不像电影里的英雄，然而他们安静的支持在艰难时刻带来巨大的安慰。）（经典原句·immense 巨大的） 【搭配词块】 immense importance 极其重要 / an immense amount of 大量的 / benefit immensely 获益极大 / immensity n. 巨大 10. exquisite /ˈekskwɪzɪt/ adj. 精致的，细腻的，强烈的 【核心考点】 exquisite是描写类与文学类语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①精致的，精美的——exquisite beauty（精致的美）、an exquisite piece of art（精美的艺术品）；②（感觉）强烈的，剧烈的——exquisite pain（剧烈的痛）、exquisite pleasure（极大的快乐）；③细腻的——exquisite taste（高雅的品味）。派生词：exquisitely adv. 精致地——exquisitely designed（设计精美）。辨析：exquisite（精致的，细腻的，带美感）vs delicate（精致的，易碎的）vs elegant（优雅的）vs refined（精炼的，高雅的）。写作金句：An exquisite life is not built on much, but on noticing the little that is already there（精致的生活不靠拥有很多，而靠留意已经拥有的一点一滴）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语exquirere"仔细寻找"（ex-"出"+quaerere"寻找"）→ 精心搜求→ 精致的。联想：quir"寻找"→ exquisite（精致的）、inquire（询问→寻找答案）、require（需要→寻求）。记住：ex + quis = 精挑细选。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：exquisite可修饰痛苦、快乐等强烈感受（exquisite pain/pleasure），并非只形容"美"，阅读中注意其"剧烈"义。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"They show an exquisite understanding of our feelings and a deep comprehension of what we truly need."（他们对我们的感受表现出精致细腻的理解，也对我们真正所需有深刻的领悟。）（经典原句·exquisite 精致的） 【搭配词块】 exquisite beauty 精致的美 / an exquisite piece of art 精美的艺术品 / exquisite pain 剧烈的痛 / exquisitely adv. 精致地 11. resemble /rɪˈzembl/ v. 像，与…相似 【核心考点】 resemble是描写类与说明文语篇的高频动词（及物，无被动）。用法要点：①像，与…相似——resemble one's mother（像母亲）、closely resemble（酷似）——The twins resemble each other。派生词是语法填空高频考点：resemblance n. 相似处→ bear a resemblance to（与…有相似之处）；resemblant adj. 相似的。辨析：resemble（像，相似，动词）vs similar（相似的，形容词）vs alike（相似的，表语形容词）vs look like（看起来像，口语）。写作金句：Children may resemble their parents in face, but they resemble their choices in who they become（孩子或许面容像父母，但他们成为什么样的人，像的是自己的选择）。 【词根联想】 古法语resembler"像"（re-"再"+sembler"相似"，源自拉丁语similis"相似的"）→ 再像→ 相似。联想：simil"相似"→ resemble（相似）、resemblance（相似处）、similar（相似的）、assimilate（同化→变得相似）。记住：re + semble = 又像了。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：resemble为及物动词，无被动语态、无进行式（不能说be resembled）。语法填空中若见提示词resemble，多为名词resemblance或形容词similar。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"A loyal friend does not resemble the heroes in films, yet their quiet support brings immense comfort in hard times."（忠诚的朋友并不像电影里的英雄，然而他们安静的支持在艰难时刻带来巨大的安慰。）（经典原句·resemble 像） 【搭配词块】 resemble one's mother 像母亲 / closely resemble 酷似 / bear a resemblance to 与…有相似之处 / resemblance n. 相似处 12. melancholy /ˈmelənkəli/ n./adj. 忧郁（的），愁思 【核心考点】 melancholy是文学类与描写类语篇的高频词。作名词：忧郁，愁思——a sense of melancholy（忧郁感）、fall into melancholy（陷入忧郁）。作形容词：忧郁的——a melancholy mood（忧郁的心情）、a melancholy song（忧伤的歌）。派生词：melancholic adj. 忧郁的；melancholia n. 忧郁症。辨析：melancholy（忧郁，偏文学、深沉）vs sad（伤心的，通用）vs gloomy（阴郁的，灰暗的）vs depressed（沮丧的，病态）。写作金句：Melancholy is not an enemy of joy, but its quiet companion that teaches us to feel deeply（忧郁不是快乐的对头，而是教会我们深深体会的安静伴侣）。 【词根联想】 希腊语melas"黑"+kholē"胆汁"→ 古希腊医学"黑胆汁"（被认为致忧郁）→ 忧郁。联想：chol"胆汁"→ melancholy（忧郁）、choleric（易怒的）。记住：黑胆汁→ 郁郁寡欢。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：melancholy可作形容词直接修饰名词（a melancholy smile 忧伤的微笑），也可作名词（sink into melancholy）。注意词性随位置变化。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Even in moments of melancholy, their presence is a gift far more precious than any outward charm or perfect face."（即使在忧郁的时刻，他们的陪伴也是比任何外在魅力或完美面容都珍贵得多的礼物。）（经典原句·melancholy 忧郁） 【搭配词块】 a sense of melancholy 忧郁感 / a melancholy mood 忧郁的心情 / fall into melancholy 陷入忧郁 / melancholic adj. 忧郁的 Part 4 词性变化总表 原词 派生词1 派生词2 派生词3 核心搭配 boost boosted (adj.) booster (n.) --- boost one's confidence / boost the economy overlook overlooked (adj.) overlooking (prep.) --- overlook the mistake / overlook the sea identical identity (n.) identify (v.) identification (n.) be identical to / identical twins assumption assume (v.) assumed (adj.) --- on the assumption that / make an assumption acknowledge acknowledgment (n.) acknowledged (adj.) --- acknowledge one's help / acknowledge the problem welfare welfare-state (n.) --- --- the welfare of / social welfare loyal loyalty (n.) loyally (adv.) --- be loyal to / a loyal friend comprehension comprehend (v.) comprehensive (adj.) comprehensible (adj.) reading comprehension / beyond comprehension immense immensity (n.) immensely (adv.) --- immense importance / an immense amount of exquisite exquisitely (adv.) exquisiteness (n.) --- exquisite beauty / exquisite pain resemble resemblance (n.) resemblant (adj.) --- resemble one's mother / closely resemble melancholy melancholic (adj.) melancholia (n.) --- a sense of melancholy / a melancholy mood Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 【练习题】 1.（2023全国乙卷·语法填空·改编）A smile is a simple act, but it is a great way to ____________ (boosting) your confidence. 2.（2026山东济南·模拟）We should never ____________ (overlooked) the quiet kindness of ordinary people. 3.（2026广东广州·模拟）The two signatures look ____________ (identity) to the untrained eye. 4.（2024新高考I卷·阅读D·改编）The ____________ (assume) that we are always rational has been challenged by new studies. 5.（2022新课标Ⅱ卷·阅读·改编）We should ____________ (acknowledgment) the courage of the shy student who spoke up. 6.（2026浙江杭州·模拟）The project aims to improve the ____________ (welfares) of local children. 7.（2026四川成都·模拟）A ____________ (loyalty) friend stays with you when others leave. 8.（2026湖北武汉·模拟）Reading ____________ (comprehend) can be improved through daily practice. 9.（2026河北石家庄·模拟）The old tree gives the garden an ____________ (immensity) sense of peace. 10.（2026福建厦门·模拟）She wore an ____________ (exquisitely) dress to the evening party. 11.（2026安徽合肥·模拟）The younger brother does not ____________ (resemblance) his father at all. 12.（2026江西南昌·模拟）A sudden ____________ (melancholic) fell over the room when the music stopped. 13.（2026陕西西安·模拟）Regular exercise can ____________ (boosting) both body and mind. 14.（2026湖南长沙·模拟）It is a common ____________ (assume) that good looks mean a good heart. 15.（2026河南郑州·模拟）Dogs are often ____________ (loyalty) to the people who feed them. 【答案】 1. boost 2. overlook 3. identical 4. assumption 5. acknowledge 6. welfare 7. loyal 8. comprehension 9. immense 10. exquisite 11. resemble 12. melancholy 13. boost 14. assumption 15. loyal 【逐题解析】 1. boost — 提示词boosting为现在分词，a way to后须用动词原形，boost your confidence意为"提升自信"。 2. overlook — 提示词overlooked为过去分词，should后须用动词原形，overlook意为"忽视"。 3. identical — 提示词identity为名词，look后须用形容词作表语，identical意为"完全相同的"。 4. assumption — 提示词assume为动词，The后须用名词，assumption意为"假设"。 5. acknowledge — 提示词acknowledgment为名词，should后须用动词原形，acknowledge意为"认可/感谢"。 6. welfare — 提示词welfares为错误复数，此处泛指"福祉"用不可数名词welfare。 7. loyal — 提示词loyalty为名词，A后须用形容词，a loyal friend意为"忠诚的朋友"。 8. comprehension — 提示词comprehend为动词，Reading后须用名词，reading comprehension意为"阅读理解"。 9. immense — 提示词immensity为名词，修饰sense须用形容词，an immense sense of peace意为"极大的平静感"。 10. exquisite — 提示词exquisitely为副词，修饰名词dress须用形容词，an exquisite dress意为"精致的礼服"。 11. resemble — 提示词resemblance为名词，does not后须用动词原形，resemble意为"像"。 12. melancholy — 提示词melancholic为形容词，A sudden后须用名词，melancholy意为"忧郁"。 13. boost — 提示词boosting为分词，can后须用动词原形，boost意为"促进"。 14. assumption — 提示词assume为动词，a common后须用名词，assumption意为"假设"。 15. loyal — 提示词loyalty为名词，are后须用形容词作表语，be loyal to意为"对…忠诚"。 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 【练习题】 我们常以貌取人，却容易____________（忽视）内在价值；两人校服____________（完全相同的），性格却迥异；微笑能____________（提升）自信。 一个常见的____________（假设）是好看即善良；应____________（认可）害羞同学开口的勇气，真正的美在灵魂____________（福祉）。____________（忠诚的）朋友未必像英雄，却带来____________（巨大的）安慰、____________（精致的）理解与深刻____________（领悟）；即便____________（忧郁）时也珍贵。 【答案】 overlook; identical; boost; assumption; acknowledge; welfare; loyal; immense; exquisite; comprehension; melancholy Part 7 关联阅读 A high school in the north of the city runs a small project called 'Faces and Stories', in which students write about a classmate they used to overlook. Many admitted that they had once made the assumption that the quiet girl in the back row was unfriendly, simply because she rarely spoke. When they finally took time to know her, they were surprised to find how much she resembled a loyal old friend. A single smile, teachers say, can boost a shy student's confidence more than a whole term of praise, and such small moments slowly change the atmosphere of the whole classroom. The project has since spread to three other schools in the district, proving that kindness grows wherever it is truly noticed. The project also asks students to acknowledge the kindness they receive, not just the help they ask for. One boy wrote about his grandfather, whose welfare matters more to him than any exam score. He described the immense comfort of sitting in silence with the old man, and the deep comprehension they share without many words. Such moments, he said, are far more exquisite than any prize, and they lift the melancholy that sometimes weighs on a teenager's heart. By writing them down, students learn to notice the quiet love that surrounds them every day, and many say the habit has brought their families closer than before. By the end of the term, the students no longer judge a book by its cover. They have learned that two people may look identical in uniform yet carry completely different worlds inside. The school plans to turn the project into a yearly tradition, believing that small acts of notice can change a life. After all, true worth is not painted on the face, but planted in the way we treat one another, quietly and every day. The teachers hope the lesson will stay with the students long after they leave, and that they will pass it on to the friends they meet in the years ahead. Parents who joined the final sharing were often moved to tears, seeing how much their children had grown in heart. 1. What did many students once assume about the quiet girl in the back row? A. She was unfriendly because she rarely spoke. B. She was the cleverest in the class. C. She looked identical to the teacher. D. She was loyal to all her friends. 2. What does the boy say matters more to him than any exam score? A. Winning a prize in the competition. B. His grandfather's welfare. C. Boosting his own confidence. D. Looking exquisite in class. 3. Which word best describes the comfort the boy feels with his grandfather? A. Identical and strange. B. Melancholy and heavy. C. Immense and quiet. D. Overlooked and cold. 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Good looks are the key to friendship. B. Exams are more important than family. C. Students should speak more in class. D. True worth lies in how we treat others, not in appearance. 【参考答案与高考标准解析】 答案：1.A 2.B 3.C 4.D 第1题（细节理解题·高考高频）：首段明确交代——"they had once made the assumption that the quiet girl in the back row was unfriendly, simply because she rarely spoke"，许多学生曾假定后排安静的女孩不友好，只因她很少说话，与A项She was unfriendly because she rarely spoke对应，故选A。B项"最聪明"、C项"长得像老师"、D项"对朋友忠诚"均与原文不符。 第2题（细节理解题·高考核心）：第二段是解题句——"whose welfare matters more to him than any exam score"，男孩说祖父的福祉比任何考试分数都重要，与B项His grandfather's welfare吻合，故选B。A项"比赛获奖"、C项"提升自信"、D项"外表精致"均非他所指。 第3题（细节理解题·高考核心）：第二段描述——"the immense comfort of sitting in silence with the old man"，与祖父静静坐着的巨大而安静的安慰，与C项Immense and quiet一致，故选C。A项"相同而奇怪"、B项"忧郁沉重"、D项"被忽视而冷漠"均与原文情感色彩相反。 第4题（主旨大意题·高考压轴）：全文以"Faces and Stories"项目为线索：从以貌取人到学会看见他人，末段点明主旨——"true worth is not painted on the face, but planted in the way we treat one another"，真正的价值不在面容而在待人方式，与D项True worth lies in how we treat others, not in appearance吻合，故选D。A项"美貌是友谊关键"、B项"考试重于家庭"、C项"学生应多发言"均偏离主题。 📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇：boost, overlook, identical, assumption, acknowledge, welfare, loyal, comprehension, immense, exquisite, resemble, melancholy Part 8 写作运用 — 词汇升级 同义转换：用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词，提升写作表达 1. A kind word can raise a person's confidence more than we know. → A kind word can ____________ a person's confidence more than we know. 2. We should not ignore the quiet kindness of ordinary people. → We should not ____________ the quiet kindness of ordinary people. 3. The two copies of the key look exactly the same. → The two copies of the key look ____________. 4. The belief that success comes only from talent has been challenged. → The ____________ that success comes only from talent has been challenged. 5. We should thank the shy student for his courage to speak up. → We should ____________ the shy student for his courage to speak up. 6. The project aims to improve the happiness and health of local children. → The project aims to improve the ____________ of local children. 7. A faithful friend stays with you when others leave. → A ____________ friend stays with you when others leave. 8. Reading understanding can be improved through daily practice. → Reading ____________ can be improved through daily practice. 9. The old tree gives the garden a very great sense of peace. → The old tree gives the garden an ____________ sense of peace. 10. She wore a finely made dress to the evening party. → She wore an ____________ dress to the evening party. 11. The younger brother does not look like his father at all. → The younger brother does not ____________ his father at all. 12. A sudden sadness fell over the room when the music stopped. → A sudden ____________ fell over the room when the music stopped. 【答案】 1. boost 2. overlook 3. identical 4. assumption 5. acknowledge 6. welfare 7. loyal 8. comprehension 9. immense 10. exquisite 11. resemble 12. melancholy Part 9 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 遮挡提示，尝试用12个目标词复述下面这条记忆链： 记忆链：boost → overlook → identical → assumption → acknowledge → welfare → loyal → comprehension → immense → exquisite → resemble → melancholy 复述模板（填空）： 微笑能____________（提升）自信；别____________（忽视）内在价值，两人校服____________（完全相同的）却性格迥异；常见____________（假设）是好看即善良，应____________（认可）其勇气，美在灵魂____________（福祉）。 ____________（忠诚的）朋友带来____________（巨大的）安慰与____________（精致的）理解、深刻____________（领悟）；他们不像英雄却____________（像）我们所需，即便____________（忧郁）时也珍贵。 你的复述： __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 【自我检测答案】 填空答案：boost; overlook; identical; assumption; acknowledge; welfare; loyal; immense; exquisite; comprehension; resemble; melancholy 复述模板参考版本： A smile can boost a person's confidence, and we should never overlook the true worth inside, for two students in identical uniforms may carry wholly different characters. The common assumption that good looks mean a good heart is wrong; we should acknowledge a shy classmate's courage, since real beauty lies in the welfare of the soul. A loyal friend brings immense comfort, shows an exquisite understanding and a deep comprehension of what we need; they may not resemble film heroes, yet even in melancholy their quiet presence is a gift beyond any outward charm. 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点 专题01【语境串考点】第一单元备考学案（外研版2019） 高考高频知识点：boost / overlook / identical / assumption / acknowledge / welfare / loyal / comprehension / immense / exquisite / resemble / melancholy （知识点来源：选修三 Unit 1 · Face values + 高考高频知识点） 学校:______________ 姓名: ______________ 班级: ______________ 座号: ______________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记语篇 1 【英文语篇】 1 【中文译文】 1 Part 2 知识点列表 2 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 2 Part 4 词性变化总表 8 Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 9 【练习题】 9 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 9 【练习题】 9 Part 7 关联阅读 10 Part 8 写作运用 — 词汇升级 10 Part 9 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 11 Part 1 语境串记语篇 【英文语篇】 We often judge people by their appearance, yet such first impressions can easily overlook the true worth inside. Two students may look identical in their school uniforms, but their characters could not be more different. A simple smile or a word of encouragement can boost a person's confidence and change the course of a whole day, without anyone noticing the small miracle. It is a common assumption that those who are good-looking are also good-hearted, but life rarely works that way. When a shy classmate finally speaks up in class, we should acknowledge their courage rather than laugh at them. True beauty lies not in the face but in the welfare of the soul and the quiet kindness one shows to others. A loyal friend does not resemble the heroes in films, yet their quiet support brings immense comfort in hard times. They show an exquisite understanding of our feelings and a deep comprehension of what we truly need. Even in moments of melancholy, their presence is a gift far more precious than any outward charm or perfect face. 【中文译文】 我们常常以貌取人，然而这样的第一印象很容易忽视（overlook）内在的真正价值。两名学生在校服上可能看起来一模一样（identical），但他们的性格却可能截然不同。一个微笑或一句鼓励的话就能提升（boost）一个人的自信，并改变一整天的走向，而无人察觉这小小的奇迹。 一个常见的假设（assumption）是：长得好看的人也心地善良，但生活很少如此。当一位害羞的同学终于在课堂上开口时，我们应当认可（acknowledge）他的勇气，而不是嘲笑他。真正的美不在于面容，而在于灵魂的福祉（welfare）以及一个人默默展现给他人的善意。 忠诚的（loyal）朋友并不像电影里的英雄，然而他们安静的支持在艰难时刻带来巨大的（immense）安慰。他们对我们的感受表现出精致细腻的（exquisite）理解，也对我们的真实需求有深刻的领悟（comprehension）。即使在忧郁（melancholy）的时刻，他们的陪伴也是比任何外在魅力或完美面容都珍贵得多的礼物。 Part 2 知识点列表 序号 知识点 音标 词性 + 释义 + ⚡考点： 1 boost /buːst/ v./n. 促进，提升，增强 ⚡考点：boost one's confidence 提升自信；boost the economy 刺激经济；a boost to 对…的推动 2 overlook /ˌəʊvəˈlʊk/ v. 忽视，俯瞰 ⚡考点：overlook the mistake 忽视错误；overlook the sea 俯瞰大海；overlooked adj. 被忽视的 3 identical /aɪˈdentɪkl/ adj. 完全相同的，一模一样的 ⚡考点：be identical to/with 与…完全相同；identical twins 同卵双胞胎；identify v. 识别 4 assumption /əˈsʌmpʃn/ n. 假设，假定 ⚡考点：on the assumption that 假设…；make an assumption 作出假设；assume v. 假定 5 acknowledge /əkˈnɒlɪdʒ/ v. 承认，致谢，告知收到 ⚡考点：acknowledge one's help 感谢某人的帮助；acknowledge the problem 承认问题；acknowledgment n. 确认 6 welfare /ˈwelfeə(r)/ n. 幸福，福祉，福利 ⚡考点：social welfare 社会福利；the welfare of 对…的福祉；welfare state 福利国家 7 loyal /ˈlɔɪəl/ adj. 忠诚的，忠实的 ⚡考点：be loyal to 对…忠诚；a loyal friend 忠诚的朋友；loyalty n. 忠诚 8 comprehension /ˌkɒmprɪˈhenʃn/ n. 理解，领悟 ⚡考点：reading comprehension 阅读理解；beyond one's comprehension 超出理解；comprehend v. 理解 9 immense /ɪˈmens/ adj. 巨大的，极大的 ⚡考点：immense importance 极其重要；an immense amount of 大量的；immensity n. 巨大 10 exquisite /ˈekskwɪzɪt/ adj. 精致的，细腻的，强烈的 ⚡考点：exquisite beauty 精致的美；exquisite pain 剧烈的痛；exquisitely adv. 精致地 11 resemble /rɪˈzembl/ v. 像，与…相似 ⚡考点：resemble one's mother 像母亲；closely resemble 酷似；resemblance n. 相似处 12 melancholy /ˈmelənkəli/ n./adj. 忧郁（的），愁思 ⚡考点：a sense of melancholy 忧郁感；a melancholy mood 忧郁的心情；melancholic adj. 忧郁的 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 1. boost /buːst/ v./n. 促进，提升，增强 【核心考点】 boost是说明文与记叙文类语篇的高频动词兼名词。动词用法要点：①提升，增强——boost one's confidence（提升自信）、boost the economy（刺激经济）；②提高（士气、成绩等）——boost morale（鼓舞士气）。名词用法：推动，激励——a boost to one's career（对事业的推动）。派生词：boosted adj. 被提升的；booster n. 推动者；助力。辨析：boost（提升，推动，强调上扬）vs improve（改善，提高）vs enhance（增强，美化）vs promote（促进，晋升）。写作金句：A kind word can boost a person's confidence more than we will ever know（一句善意的话能提升一个人的自信，远超我们的想象）。 【词根联想】 可能源自苏格兰语boust"自夸、膨胀"（膨胀→往上推）→ 推上去→ 提升。联想：boost"上推"→ boost（提升）、booster（助推器）。记住：boost=把…往上推一把。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：boost作名词还可表示"（火箭的）助推器阶段"，如a boost phase（助推阶段）。此义出现于科技类语篇，阅读中注意。 【真题原句】 （2023全国乙卷·语法填空真题）"Smiling at others is a small act, but it is a great way to boost one's confidence at any time."（对别人微笑是小小的举动，但它随时都是提升自信的好方法。）（真题原句·boost 提升） 【搭配词块】 boost one's confidence 提升自信 / boost the economy 刺激经济 / a boost to 对…的推动 / booster n. 推动者 2. overlook /ˌəʊvəˈlʊk/ v. 忽视，俯瞰 【核心考点】 overlook是说明文与议论文类语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①忽视，忽略——overlook the mistake（忽视错误）、overlook a detail（忽略细节）；②俯瞰，眺望——The window overlooks the sea（窗户俯瞰大海）。派生词：overlooked adj. 被忽视的——an overlooked problem（被忽视的问题）。辨析：overlook（忽视，多指无意漏看）vs ignore（故意不理）vs neglect（疏于照顾/管理）vs omit（遗漏，省略）。写作金句：We must not overlook the quiet kindness of ordinary people, for it holds the world together（我们绝不能忽视普通人默默的善意，因为正是它把世界维系在一起）。 【词根联想】 古英语ofer（over"在…上方"）+ locian（look"看"）→ 从上方看→ 俯瞰→ 忽略（没看仔细）。联想：look"看"→ overlook（从上往下看→俯瞰/忽略）、outlook（前景→往外看）、oversee（监督→从上观看）。记住：over + look = 看过去没注意。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：overlook作"俯瞰"时为中性/褒义，如a room overlooking the garden（俯瞰花园的房间）；作"忽视"时为贬义。阅读中注意一词多义的方向。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"We often judge people by their appearance, yet such first impressions can easily overlook the true worth inside."（我们常以貌取人，然而这样的第一印象很容易忽视内在的真正价值。）（经典原句·overlook 忽视） 【搭配词块】 overlook the mistake 忽视错误 / overlook a detail 忽略细节 / overlook the sea 俯瞰大海 / overlooked adj. 被忽视的 3. identical /aɪˈdentɪkl/ adj. 完全相同的，一模一样的 【核心考点】 identical是说明文与描写类语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①完全相同的——be identical to/with（与…完全相同）——The two copies are identical；②一模一样的——identical twins（同卵双胞胎）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：identity n. 身份→ identity card（身份证）；identify v. 识别→ identify the problem（找出问题）；identification n. 识别。辨析：identical（完全一样）vs same（相同的）vs similar（相似的）vs equal（相等的）。写作金句：Though their faces may be identical, no two souls in this world are ever the same（尽管面容可能相同，这世上没有两个灵魂是一样的）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语identitas"同一性"（idem"同样的"）→ 同一的→ 相同的。联想：ident"同一"→ identical（相同的）、identity（身份）、identify（识别）、identification（识别）。记住：ident=同一，相同即一致。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：identical还可表示"（法律上）同一的，本身的"，如the identical person（就是那个人本人）。此义强调"正是同一个"，阅读中注意。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Two students may look identical in their school uniforms, but their characters could not be more different."（两名学生在校服上可能看起来一模一样，但他们的性格却可能截然不同。）（经典原句·identical 完全相同的） 【搭配词块】 be identical to/with 与…完全相同 / identical twins 同卵双胞胎 / identify the problem 找出问题 / identity n. 身份 4. assumption /əˈsʌmpʃn/ n. 假设，假定 【核心考点】 assumption是议论文与说明文类语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①假设，假定——on the assumption that（假设……）——We worked on the assumption that it would rain；②承担（职责）——the assumption of office（就职）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：assume v. 假定，承担→ assume responsibility（承担责任）；assumed adj. 假定的。辨析：assumption（假设，未经证实的假定）vs presumption（推测，放肆的假定）vs hypothesis（科学假设）vs supposition（猜想）。写作金句：The assumption that success comes only from talent has been challenged by stories of quiet, daily effort（成功只来自天赋这一假设，已被日复一日默默努力的故事所挑战）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语assumere"拿取、承担"（ad-"向"+sumere"取"）→ 取为己用→ 假定。联想：sum"取"→ assumption（假定）、assume（假定/承担）、consume（消耗）、resume（恢复）。记住：as + sume = 拿来做前提。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：assumption还可表示"（宗教）升天，圣母升天"，如the Assumption（圣母升天节）。此义为专有宗教用法，高考阅读极少出现。 【真题原句】 （2024新高考I卷·阅读D真题）"The assumption that humans are rational beings who always make decisions based on logical reasoning has been challenged by studies showing that emotions play a crucial role."（假设人类是会推理的理性生物，这一假设已受到研究的挑战——这些研究表明情感起着关键作用。）（真题原句·assumption 假设） 【搭配词块】 on the assumption that 假设… / make an assumption 作出假设 / assume responsibility 承担责任 / assumed adj. 假定的 5. acknowledge /əkˈnɒlɪdʒ/ v. 承认，致谢，告知收到 【核心考点】 acknowledge是书信类与议论文语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①承认——acknowledge the problem（承认问题）、acknowledge that...（承认……）；②致谢，感谢——acknowledge one's help（感谢某人的帮助）；③告知收到（信件、礼物）——acknowledge receipt of the letter（告知收到来信）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：acknowledgment（也作acknowledgement）n. 确认，致谢。辨析：acknowledge（承认，含"认可"意味）vs admit（承认错误/事实）vs confess（忏悔，认错）vs recognize（认出，认可）。写作金句：To acknowledge another person's courage is to give them a light that may guide their whole year（认可一个人的勇气，就是给他一盏可能照亮其一整年的灯）。 【词根联想】 中古英语akenowen"认识到"（a-"使"+know"知道"）+ -ledge名词后缀→ 使知道→ 承认。联想：know"知道"→ acknowledge（承认/致谢）、knowledge（知识）。记住：ac + know = 让人知道→ 承认。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：acknowledge常见生义为"致谢/告知收到"，如We acknowledge your support（我们感谢你们的支持），并非"知道"之义。书信与导语中尤多，阅读需结合语境判断。 【真题原句】 （2022新课标Ⅱ卷·阅读真题）"We acknowledge your support and help, without which the project could not have been completed on time."（我们感谢你们的支持与帮助，没有这些，项目本无法按时完成。）（熟词生义：acknowledge 在此意为"感谢/告知收到"）（真题原句·acknowledge 致谢） 【搭配词块】 acknowledge one's help 感谢某人的帮助 / acknowledge the problem 承认问题 / acknowledge receipt 告知收到 / acknowledgment n. 确认 6. welfare /ˈwelfeə(r)/ n. 幸福，福祉，福利 【核心考点】 welfare是说明文与社会类语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①福祉，幸福——the welfare of the children（孩子们的福祉）、general welfare（普遍福祉）；②福利——social welfare（社会福利）、welfare system（福利制度）。派生词：welfare-state n. 福利国家。辨析：welfare（福祉，福利，总称）vs benefit（利益，好处）vs well-being（幸福安康）vs interest（利益）。写作金句：True progress is measured not by wealth alone, but by the welfare of the least fortunate among us（真正的进步不只以财富衡量，而以我们中最不幸者的福祉来衡量）。 【词根联想】 古英语wel"好"+ faran"旅程、处境"→ 过得好的状态→ 福祉。联想：well"好"→ welfare（福祉）、well-being（安康）。记住：wel + fare = 过得好。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：welfare在英美语境中常特指"政府救济金"，如on welfare（领救济金）。此义含社会政策色彩，阅读中注意。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"True beauty lies not in the face but in the welfare of the soul and the quiet kindness one shows to others."（真正的美不在于面容，而在于灵魂的福祉以及一个人默默展现给他人的善意。）（经典原句·welfare 福祉） 【搭配词块】 the welfare of 对…的福祉 / social welfare 社会福利 / general welfare 普遍福祉 / welfare system 福利制度 7. loyal /ˈlɔɪəl/ adj. 忠诚的，忠实的 【核心考点】 loyal是人物描写与记叙文类语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①忠诚的，忠实的——be loyal to（对…忠诚）——Dogs are loyal to their owners；②忠贞的——a loyal friend（忠诚的朋友）、loyal support（忠实的支持）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：loyalty n. 忠诚→ a sense of loyalty（忠诚感）；loyally adv. 忠诚地。辨析：loyal（忠诚的，情感上的）vs faithful（忠实的，守信的）vs devoted（挚爱的，投入的）vs trustworthy（值得信赖的）。写作金句：A loyal friend is a rare treasure, for they stay when the crowd has long gone（忠诚的朋友是稀有的珍宝，因为人群早已散去，他们却还在）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语legalis"法律的"（lex"法律"）→ 遵守誓约→ 忠诚的。联想：leg"法律"→ loyal（忠诚的）、loyalty（忠诚）、legal（合法的）、allege（声称→依法律陈述）。记住：loy=守约，守约即忠诚。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：loyal意义稳定，无典型生义。注意be loyal to（对…忠诚）后接名词或代词，是阅读与写作的高频搭配。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"A loyal friend does not resemble the heroes in films, yet their quiet support brings immense comfort in hard times."（忠诚的朋友并不像电影里的英雄，然而他们安静的支持在艰难时刻带来巨大的安慰。）（经典原句·loyal 忠诚的） 【搭配词块】 be loyal to 对…忠诚 / a loyal friend 忠诚的朋友 / a sense of loyalty 忠诚感 / loyally adv. 忠诚地 8. comprehension /ˌkɒmprɪˈhenʃn/ n. 理解，领悟 【核心考点】 comprehension是教育类与说明文语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①理解，领悟——reading comprehension（阅读理解）、beyond one's comprehension（超出某人的理解）；②包含，广泛性——the comprehension of the whole plan（对整个计划的通盘理解）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：comprehend v. 理解→ Hard to comprehend（难以理解）；comprehensive adj. 全面的→ a comprehensive review（全面审查）。辨析：comprehension（理解力，名词）vs understanding（理解，体谅）vs grasp（掌握，抓住）vs perception（感知，认知）。写作金句：Real comprehension comes not from memorizing words, but from living the ideas they carry（真正的领悟不在背诵词语，而在亲历它们所承载的思想）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语comprehendere"全部抓住"（com-"完全"+prehendere"抓"）→ 完全抓住→ 理解。联想：prehend"抓"→ comprehension（理解）、comprehend（理解）、apprehend（逮捕→抓住）、comprehensive（全面的）。记住：com + prehend = 全抓住→ 懂了。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：comprehension还可作形容词性用法的前缀comprehensive"全面的、综合的"，如comprehensive school（综合中学）。注意词性转换。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"They show an exquisite understanding of our feelings and a deep comprehension of what we truly need."（他们对我们的感受表现出精致细腻的理解，也对我们真正所需有深刻的领悟。）（经典原句·comprehension 领悟） 【搭配词块】 reading comprehension 阅读理解 / beyond one's comprehension 超出理解 / comprehend v. 理解 / comprehensive adj. 全面的 9. immense /ɪˈmens/ adj. 巨大的，极大的 【核心考点】 immense是描写类与议论文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①巨大的，极大的——immense importance（极其重要）、an immense amount of（大量的）——immense pressure（巨大压力）；②（空间）广阔的——the immense ocean（浩瀚的海洋）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：immensity n. 巨大，浩瀚；immensely adv. 极大地→ benefit immensely（获益极大）。辨析：immense（巨大的，侧重"不可丈量的大"）vs huge（巨大的）vs enormous（庞大的）vs vast（广阔的）。写作金句：The sea of human kindness is immense, yet a single act can still ripple across it（人类善意的海洋浩瀚无边，然而一个举动仍能在其中激起涟漪）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语immensus"无法测量的"（in-"不"+mensus"测量"，来自metiri"测量"）→ 量不出→ 巨大的。联想：mens"测量"→ immense（巨大的）、measure（测量）、dimension（维度→测量的量）。记住：im + mense = 量不了→ 极大。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：immense在口语中可作副词意味的强调（非正式），如immense fun（极其有趣）。正式写作中仍作形容词。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"A loyal friend does not resemble the heroes in films, yet their quiet support brings immense comfort in hard times."（忠诚的朋友并不像电影里的英雄，然而他们安静的支持在艰难时刻带来巨大的安慰。）（经典原句·immense 巨大的） 【搭配词块】 immense importance 极其重要 / an immense amount of 大量的 / benefit immensely 获益极大 / immensity n. 巨大 10. exquisite /ˈekskwɪzɪt/ adj. 精致的，细腻的，强烈的 【核心考点】 exquisite是描写类与文学类语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①精致的，精美的——exquisite beauty（精致的美）、an exquisite piece of art（精美的艺术品）；②（感觉）强烈的，剧烈的——exquisite pain（剧烈的痛）、exquisite pleasure（极大的快乐）；③细腻的——exquisite taste（高雅的品味）。派生词：exquisitely adv. 精致地——exquisitely designed（设计精美）。辨析：exquisite（精致的，细腻的，带美感）vs delicate（精致的，易碎的）vs elegant（优雅的）vs refined（精炼的，高雅的）。写作金句：An exquisite life is not built on much, but on noticing the little that is already there（精致的生活不靠拥有很多，而靠留意已经拥有的一点一滴）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语exquirere"仔细寻找"（ex-"出"+quaerere"寻找"）→ 精心搜求→ 精致的。联想：quir"寻找"→ exquisite（精致的）、inquire（询问→寻找答案）、require（需要→寻求）。记住：ex + quis = 精挑细选。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：exquisite可修饰痛苦、快乐等强烈感受（exquisite pain/pleasure），并非只形容"美"，阅读中注意其"剧烈"义。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"They show an exquisite understanding of our feelings and a deep comprehension of what we truly need."（他们对我们的感受表现出精致细腻的理解，也对我们真正所需有深刻的领悟。）（经典原句·exquisite 精致的） 【搭配词块】 exquisite beauty 精致的美 / an exquisite piece of art 精美的艺术品 / exquisite pain 剧烈的痛 / exquisitely adv. 精致地 11. resemble /rɪˈzembl/ v. 像，与…相似 【核心考点】 resemble是描写类与说明文语篇的高频动词（及物，无被动）。用法要点：①像，与…相似——resemble one's mother（像母亲）、closely resemble（酷似）——The twins resemble each other。派生词是语法填空高频考点：resemblance n. 相似处→ bear a resemblance to（与…有相似之处）；resemblant adj. 相似的。辨析：resemble（像，相似，动词）vs similar（相似的，形容词）vs alike（相似的，表语形容词）vs look like（看起来像，口语）。写作金句：Children may resemble their parents in face, but they resemble their choices in who they become（孩子或许面容像父母，但他们成为什么样的人，像的是自己的选择）。 【词根联想】 古法语resembler"像"（re-"再"+sembler"相似"，源自拉丁语similis"相似的"）→ 再像→ 相似。联想：simil"相似"→ resemble（相似）、resemblance（相似处）、similar（相似的）、assimilate（同化→变得相似）。记住：re + semble = 又像了。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：resemble为及物动词，无被动语态、无进行式（不能说be resembled）。语法填空中若见提示词resemble，多为名词resemblance或形容词similar。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"A loyal friend does not resemble the heroes in films, yet their quiet support brings immense comfort in hard times."（忠诚的朋友并不像电影里的英雄，然而他们安静的支持在艰难时刻带来巨大的安慰。）（经典原句·resemble 像） 【搭配词块】 resemble one's mother 像母亲 / closely resemble 酷似 / bear a resemblance to 与…有相似之处 / resemblance n. 相似处 12. melancholy /ˈmelənkəli/ n./adj. 忧郁（的），愁思 【核心考点】 melancholy是文学类与描写类语篇的高频词。作名词：忧郁，愁思——a sense of melancholy（忧郁感）、fall into melancholy（陷入忧郁）。作形容词：忧郁的——a melancholy mood（忧郁的心情）、a melancholy song（忧伤的歌）。派生词：melancholic adj. 忧郁的；melancholia n. 忧郁症。辨析：melancholy（忧郁，偏文学、深沉）vs sad（伤心的，通用）vs gloomy（阴郁的，灰暗的）vs depressed（沮丧的，病态）。写作金句：Melancholy is not an enemy of joy, but its quiet companion that teaches us to feel deeply（忧郁不是快乐的对头，而是教会我们深深体会的安静伴侣）。 【词根联想】 希腊语melas"黑"+kholē"胆汁"→ 古希腊医学"黑胆汁"（被认为致忧郁）→ 忧郁。联想：chol"胆汁"→ melancholy（忧郁）、choleric（易怒的）。记住：黑胆汁→ 郁郁寡欢。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：melancholy可作形容词直接修饰名词（a melancholy smile 忧伤的微笑），也可作名词（sink into melancholy）。注意词性随位置变化。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Even in moments of melancholy, their presence is a gift far more precious than any outward charm or perfect face."（即使在忧郁的时刻，他们的陪伴也是比任何外在魅力或完美面容都珍贵得多的礼物。）（经典原句·melancholy 忧郁） 【搭配词块】 a sense of melancholy 忧郁感 / a melancholy mood 忧郁的心情 / fall into melancholy 陷入忧郁 / melancholic adj. 忧郁的 Part 4 词性变化总表 原词 派生词1 派生词2 派生词3 核心搭配 boost boosted (adj.) booster (n.) --- boost one's confidence / boost the economy overlook overlooked (adj.) overlooking (prep.) --- overlook the mistake / overlook the sea identical identity (n.) identify (v.) identification (n.) be identical to / identical twins assumption assume (v.) assumed (adj.) --- on the assumption that / make an assumption acknowledge acknowledgment (n.) acknowledged (adj.) --- acknowledge one's help / acknowledge the problem welfare welfare-state (n.) --- --- the welfare of / social welfare loyal loyalty (n.) loyally (adv.) --- be loyal to / a loyal friend comprehension comprehend (v.) comprehensive (adj.) comprehensible (adj.) reading comprehension / beyond comprehension immense immensity (n.) immensely (adv.) --- immense importance / an immense amount of exquisite exquisitely (adv.) exquisiteness (n.) --- exquisite beauty / exquisite pain resemble resemblance (n.) resemblant (adj.) --- resemble one's mother / closely resemble melancholy melancholic (adj.) melancholia (n.) --- a sense of melancholy / a melancholy mood Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 【练习题】 1.（2023全国乙卷·语法填空·改编）A smile is a simple act, but it is a great way to ____________ (boosting) your confidence. 2.（2026山东济南·模拟）We should never ____________ (overlooked) the quiet kindness of ordinary people. 3.（2026广东广州·模拟）The two signatures look ____________ (identity) to the untrained eye. 4.（2024新高考I卷·阅读D·改编）The ____________ (assume) that we are always rational has been challenged by new studies. 5.（2022新课标Ⅱ卷·阅读·改编）We should ____________ (acknowledgment) the courage of the shy student who spoke up. 6.（2026浙江杭州·模拟）The project aims to improve the ____________ (welfares) of local children. 7.（2026四川成都·模拟）A ____________ (loyalty) friend stays with you when others leave. 8.（2026湖北武汉·模拟）Reading ____________ (comprehend) can be improved through daily practice. 9.（2026河北石家庄·模拟）The old tree gives the garden an ____________ (immensity) sense of peace. 10.（2026福建厦门·模拟）She wore an ____________ (exquisitely) dress to the evening party. 11.（2026安徽合肥·模拟）The younger brother does not ____________ (resemblance) his father at all. 12.（2026江西南昌·模拟）A sudden ____________ (melancholic) fell over the room when the music stopped. 13.（2026陕西西安·模拟）Regular exercise can ____________ (boosting) both body and mind. 14.（2026湖南长沙·模拟）It is a common ____________ (assume) that good looks mean a good heart. 15.（2026河南郑州·模拟）Dogs are often ____________ (loyalty) to the people who feed them. Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 【练习题】 我们常以貌取人，却容易____________（忽视）内在价值；两人校服____________（完全相同的），性格却迥异；微笑能____________（提升）自信。 一个常见的____________（假设）是好看即善良；应____________（认可）害羞同学开口的勇气，真正的美在灵魂____________（福祉）。____________（忠诚的）朋友未必像英雄，却带来____________（巨大的）安慰、____________（精致的）理解与深刻____________（领悟）；即便____________（忧郁）时也珍贵。 Part 7 关联阅读 A high school in the north of the city runs a small project called 'Faces and Stories', in which students write about a classmate they used to overlook. Many admitted that they had once made the assumption that the quiet girl in the back row was unfriendly, simply because she rarely spoke. When they finally took time to know her, they were surprised to find how much she resembled a loyal old friend. A single smile, teachers say, can boost a shy student's confidence more than a whole term of praise, and such small moments slowly change the atmosphere of the whole classroom. The project has since spread to three other schools in the district, proving that kindness grows wherever it is truly noticed. The project also asks students to acknowledge the kindness they receive, not just the help they ask for. One boy wrote about his grandfather, whose welfare matters more to him than any exam score. He described the immense comfort of sitting in silence with the old man, and the deep comprehension they share without many words. Such moments, he said, are far more exquisite than any prize, and they lift the melancholy that sometimes weighs on a teenager's heart. By writing them down, students learn to notice the quiet love that surrounds them every day, and many say the habit has brought their families closer than before. By the end of the term, the students no longer judge a book by its cover. They have learned that two people may look identical in uniform yet carry completely different worlds inside. The school plans to turn the project into a yearly tradition, believing that small acts of notice can change a life. After all, true worth is not painted on the face, but planted in the way we treat one another, quietly and every day. The teachers hope the lesson will stay with the students long after they leave, and that they will pass it on to the friends they meet in the years ahead. Parents who joined the final sharing were often moved to tears, seeing how much their children had grown in heart. 1. What did many students once assume about the quiet girl in the back row? A. She was unfriendly because she rarely spoke. B. She was the cleverest in the class. C. She looked identical to the teacher. D. She was loyal to all her friends. 2. What does the boy say matters more to him than any exam score? A. Winning a prize in the competition. B. His grandfather's welfare. C. Boosting his own confidence. D. Looking exquisite in class. 3. Which word best describes the comfort the boy feels with his grandfather? A. Identical and strange. B. Melancholy and heavy. C. Immense and quiet. D. Overlooked and cold. 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Good looks are the key to friendship. B. Exams are more important than family. C. Students should speak more in class. D. True worth lies in how we treat others, not in appearance. 📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇：boost, overlook, identical, assumption, acknowledge, welfare, loyal, comprehension, immense, exquisite, resemble, melancholy Part 8 写作运用 — 词汇升级 同义转换：用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词，提升写作表达 1. A kind word can raise a person's confidence more than we know. → A kind word can ____________ a person's confidence more than we know. 2. We should not ignore the quiet kindness of ordinary people. → We should not ____________ the quiet kindness of ordinary people. 3. The two copies of the key look exactly the same. → The two copies of the key look ____________. 4. The belief that success comes only from talent has been challenged. → The ____________ that success comes only from talent has been challenged. 5. We should thank the shy student for his courage to speak up. → We should ____________ the shy student for his courage to speak up. 6. The project aims to improve the happiness and health of local children. → The project aims to improve the ____________ of local children. 7. A faithful friend stays with you when others leave. → A ____________ friend stays with you when others leave. 8. Reading understanding can be improved through daily practice. → Reading ____________ can be improved through daily practice. 9. The old tree gives the garden a very great sense of peace. → The old tree gives the garden an ____________ sense of peace. 10. She wore a finely made dress to the evening party. → She wore an ____________ dress to the evening party. 11. The younger brother does not look like his father at all. → The younger brother does not ____________ his father at all. 12. A sudden sadness fell over the room when the music stopped. → A sudden ____________ fell over the room when the music stopped. Part 9 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 遮挡提示，尝试用12个目标词复述下面这条记忆链： 记忆链：boost → overlook → identical → assumption → acknowledge → welfare → loyal → comprehension → immense → exquisite → resemble → melancholy 复述模板（填空）： 微笑能____________（提升）自信；别____________（忽视）内在价值，两人校服____________（完全相同的）却性格迥异；常见____________（假设）是好看即善良，应____________（认可）其勇气，美在灵魂____________（福祉）。 ____________（忠诚的）朋友带来____________（巨大的）安慰与____________（精致的）理解、深刻____________（领悟）；他们不像英雄却____________（像）我们所需，即便____________（忧郁）时也珍贵。 你的复述： __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $