Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature （单元分层自测·能力提升卷）英语新教材鲁教版五四学制八年级上册

**基本信息** 本单元卷以“自然奇观”为主题，精选俄罗斯石河、伯利兹蓝洞等全球自然景观素材，适配八年级上册Unit 4复习，融合语言能力与文化意识培养，命题兼具基础巩固与能力拓展。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|10/10|形容词最高级、动词短语|以石河地质现象为情境，考查语境词义辨析| |阅读理解|20/40|细节查找、主旨归纳|4篇文本涵盖中外自然奇观，如黄河壶口瀑布、新西兰“行走树”，渗透生态保护意识| |书面表达|1/15|邮件写作、地理数据描述|以巢湖为话题，整合水域面积、文化底蕴等信息，提升跨文化沟通能力|

2026-2027学年八年级上册英语单元自测 Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature·能力提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ 本试卷满分120分。考试时长120分钟。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 一、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。将代表该答案的字母在答题卡上相应的位置涂黑。 You must have seen many rivers in your life, but have you ever heard of stone rivers? Such rivers can be found in some parts of the world. The Big Stone River is one of 1 stone rivers in the world. The Big Stone River is the most interesting sight (景象) of Taganai Park in Russia. Different from other rivers, it 2 thousands of rocks and stones. Not a drop of water can be seen. Interestingly, 3 you come near to the rocky river, you can hear the sound of running water. The Big Stone River is about 6 km long and is made up of many small rocky rivers. It runs through a(n) 4 forest like a real river. It is about 200 metres wide and in some places, it is up to 700 metres wide. Some of the rocks 5 up to 10 tons (吨) each and the layer (层) of rocks goes down 6 metres 6 . Scientists believe it is the 7 of the movement of glaciers (冰川运动) about 10,000 years ago. At that time, ice covered the top of the mountains. As time went by, the ice turned into water. Rocks fell from the 8 slowly and made the river of rocks. Because of the amazing natural force, there is a stone river 9 water. Seeing the amazing river is a(n) 10 great experience. The best way to experience this natural wonder is from above. Come and visit it when you come to Russia. 1．A．more important B．the most important C．more amazing D．the most amazing 2．A．is up to B．is short of C．is filled with D．is good at 3．A．when B．because C．unless D．before 4．A．ancient B．endangered C．strong D．thick 5．A．carry B．weigh C．cost D．waste 6．A．short B．deep C．long D．wide 7．A．result B．reason C．truth D．force 8．A．sky B．nature C．mountains D．desert 9．A．without B．of C．with D．about 10．A．recently B．easily C．truly D．hardly 二、阅读理解。(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) A The Great Blue HoleA famous underwater cave in Belize. —Dive to see colorful corals and sea creatures. —Guided tours available every morning. Best time to visit: March to May Tel: 5566778 Victoria FallsOne of the largest waterfalls in the world, between Zambia and Zimbabwe. —Take a boat tour to feel the mist. —Watch the sunset over the falls for a beautiful view. Best time to visit: November to April Website: victoriafalls.com Mount FujiThe highest mountain in Japan. —Climb to the top for amazing sunrise views. —Visit the nearby lakes in summer. Best time to visit: July to August Email: mountfuji@tour.jp The Grand CanyonA huge canyon in the US, carved by the Colorado River. —Hike along the trails to see different rock layers. —Take a helicopter tour for a bird’s-eye view. Best time to visit: September to October Call: 8899001 1．If you want to dive underwater to see sea creatures, you can go to ______. A．Victoria Falls B．The Great Blue Hole C．Mount Fuji D．The Grand Canyon 2．When is the best time to visit Victoria Falls? A．March to May. B．July to August. C．November to April. D．September to October. 3．Which place offers a helicopter tour? A．The Grand Canyon. B．Mount Fuji. C．The Great Blue Hole. D．Victoria Falls. 4．How can you get more information about Mount Fuji? A．Call 5566778. B．Email mountfuji@tour.jp. C．Visit victoriafalls.com. D．Call 8899001. 5．What do all these places have in common? A．They are all mountains. B．They are all natural wonders. C．You can climb all of them. D．They are in the same country. B The Yellow River is the second longest river in China, with a length of about 5,464 kilometres. It is often called China’s “mother river”, because it helped ancient Chinese civilizations develop thousands of years ago. For centuries, the river has been a key part of Chinese history and culture. Hukou Waterfall is one of the most famous sights on the Yellow River. It lies on the border of Shanxi and Shaanxi provinces, near Yan’an. The waterfall gets its name from its shape—it looks like a huge pot holding the rushing water. Every year, millions of visitors come to enjoy its powerful, beautiful view. Hukou Waterfall and the Yellow River have had a great influence on Yan’an for a long time. First, the river brings rich soil to the land around Yan’an, which helps local people grow crops. Second, the waterfall is an important tourist attraction. It brings in visitors, creates jobs for local people, and helps the local economy grow. Third, the Yellow River is a symbol of the Chinese spirit. In Yan’an, the river has become a part of people’s life and culture, reminding them of the hard-working spirit of the Chinese nation. Today, we still need to protect the Yellow River and Hukou Waterfall at all costs. We should keep the river clean and take good care of this great natural wonder. 6．How long is the Yellow River? A．About 6,300 kilometres. B．About 5,464 kilometres. C．About 6,671 kilometres. D．About 11,000 kilometres. 7．Why is the Yellow River called China’s “mother river”? A．Because it is the longest river in China. B．Because it has the most beautiful waterfall. C．Because it supported ancient Chinese civilizations. D．Because it brings water to all parts of China. 8．Where is Hukou Waterfall located? A．Near Yan’an, on the border of Shanxi and Shaanxi. B．In the center of Yan’an city. C．At the bottom of the Mariana Trench. D．In the Taklimakan Desert. 9．Which of the following is NOT an influence of the Yellow River on Yan’an? A．It brings rich soil for farming. B．It helps develop the local tourist industry. C．It becomes a symbol of the Chinese spirit. D．It makes the land around Yan’an too dry to live on. 10．What does the writer ask us to do in the last paragraph? A．To visit Hukou Waterfall every year. B．To protect the Yellow River and the waterfall. C．To learn more about Chinese history. D．To grow more crops along the river. C A tree that looks very much like it’s walking across a field won 2024’s Tree of the Year competition in New Zealand. The 25-metre-tall tree can be found on the farmland near the town of Karamea on New Zealand’s South Island. With its two trunks, it looks a lot like a walking person—and it has been given the name “The Walking Tree”. The Walking Tree is a kind of tree called a northern rātā, one of New Zealand’s tallest flowering trees. In fact, this tree begins life growing on another tree. Over time, it completely covers the tree it grew on. A northern rātā is known for its large number of bright red flowers in summer. It can live for as long as 1,000 years. But no one knows how old the Walking Tree is. Peter Curry said his family got rid of the trees on the land in 1875 in order to plant crops. “They must have thought the tree was special because they didn’t leave anything else,” he said. The New Zealand Arboricultural Association (树木培植协会) runs the competition to celebrate trees that play an important role in the lives and history of Kiwi communities (社区). The association said Karamea’s Walking Tree was the favourite in the competition, getting over 42% of the votes (选票). Richie Hill from the association said the Walking Tree was an example of the great trees that New Zealanders are lucky to experience. 11．Why was the tree given the name “The Walking Tree”? A．Because it often moves. B．Because it looks beautiful. C．Because it is a symbol of long life. D．Because it looks like a walking person. 12．Which of the following is TRUE about the tree? A．It is over 1,000 years old. B．It is famous for its flowers. C．It is actually made up of two trees. D．It is the tallest tree in New Zealand. 13．What does the underlined phrase “got rid of” mean in English? A．Cleared. B．Planted. C．Cared. D．Protected. 14．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．The history of the tree. B．The symbol of New Zealand. C．People’s ideas about the tree. D．People’s work to protect the tree. 15．Where can you probably read the passage? A．In a storybook. B．In a newspaper. C．In a history book. D．In a sports magazine. D When it comes to the Himalayas (喜马拉雅山脉), what do you have in your mind? High mountains? White snow? Both answers are right, but in the mountains, there is a place called the Valley (山谷) of Flowers and you can see a very different situation there. It is home to pretty flowers, wild plants and endangered animals. The Valley of Flowers is in Uttarakhand, one state in the north of India. It is more than 87.5 square kilometres. Here are flowers everywhere. However, these flowers are not quite the same as what we often see. They grow in high places in the mountains. There are hundreds of different kinds of flowers in this valley. They bloom (开花) between June and September. When the flowers bloom, the valley looks like a magical world with different colours. There are also a lot of wild plants, such as trees and grass, in the Valley of Flowers. They are special. Some of them are hard to find anywhere else in the world! What’s more, some endangered animals live in the valley, like snow leopards (雪豹). Now people have turned the Valley of Flowers into a national park. Visitors can’t build anything or live there. They can’t even stay there for too long at a time. They can only stay there for one day. It’s probably not long enough for visitors to see all the real beauty there. 16．How does the writer start the passage? A．By asking questions. B．By telling a story. C．By giving an example. D．By showing some numbers. 17．Where is the Valley of Flowers located? A．In the south of India. B．In Uttarakhand, a state in the north of India. C．In the Himalayas of Nepal. D．In a valley of China. 18．What can we see in the Valley of Flowers? A．Trees, grass and elephants. B．Flowers, trees and whales. C．Flowers, trees and monkeys. D．Flowers, grass and snow leopards. 19．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The trees. B．The animals. C．The flowers. D．The wild plants. 20．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the passage? A．To tell the facts about the Valley of Flowers. B．To describe the beautiful scene of the Himalayas. C．To ask more people to visit the Valley of Flowers. D．To explain the problems of some national parks in India. 三、阅读还原。(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 根据材料内容, 从下面七个选项中选出五个能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项, 使短文意思通顺、内容完整。 Everybody knows that healthy eating habits are important. 1.　　　  Drink plenty of water. Drink at least 8 glasses of water a day. You may need even more water while you are exercising. 2.　　　　 Breakfast is the most important meal of a day. You will have more energy (能量) after eating breakfast.   Eat light lunch every day. If you don't have enough time to have a proper meal, take some bread with you for a quick lunch. 3.　　　　 If you don't have lunch, that will be bad for your health.   Eat fruit and vegetables every day. 4.　　　　 Add a banana to your breakfast, have salad for lunch, and eat some vegetables at dinner. If you don't like to eat vegetables, you can eat some fruit instead.   5.　　　　 Try to have dinner earlier before you go to bed, because your body needs time to digest (消化) most of the food before you rest for 8 hours.   A. We should eat fruit and vegetables every day. B. Here are five good eating habits for you. C. Don't eat cold food. D. Don't eat dinner too late. E. Having something for lunch can help your body work well. F. Lunch is not important. G. Don't miss breakfast. 四、选词填空 (本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 they; shine; run; curious; inside; think; level; natural; explorer; until The Son Doong Cave (韩松洞) is in Vietnam. It is more than 150 metres high, about 200 metres wide and at least 6.5 kilometres long. It is famous as a(n) 1 wonder. The cave is in the heart of a national park. It remained undiscovered (未被发现的) 2 a local farmer found the small opening to the cave in 1991. He told the story of the cave to other villagers, but no one 3 it was true. Years later, a group of British 4 heard about the farmer’s story. They learned from him that there was a strong, cool wind and the sound of water coming out of the opening. These were signs showing that there was a large cave. They asked him to help 5 find the cave, but he forgot where the opening was. However, the cave attracted 6 people. In 2009, the farmer and some people finally found the cave again. They went 7 and were very surprised. They found a large underground river 8 through the cave. They also found a forest. It is 200 metres below ground 9 . It is really beautiful when the sun 10 into the cave. If you want to visit the cave, you need to cross rivers and climb up walls. How difficult it is! 五、语法填空 (本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) Yellowstone National Park in the US was built in 1872. It is one of the 1 (large) parks in America.      It is widely seen as the first   2 (nature) park in the world and it is famous 3 its wildlife. Native Americans have lived in the Yellowstone for at least 11,000 years. There 4 (be) some visits by mountain men during the early-to-mid-19th century. Later, the US Army began to protect the park and tried hard to make it peaceful. In 1917, the National Park Service (国家公园管理局) built 5 (hundred) of buildings there. Now, these buildings are really important for the study of American history. Some people don’t know 6 to do in the Yellowstone when they pay their first visit. Actually, there are many fun activities in the park, such as hiking, 7 (camp) and sightseeing. It’s not 8 (simple) a place for looking at nature—everybody could find something interesting 9 (do) there. So it is really 10 good choice for us to take a trip to the Yellowstone National Park. 六、补全对话。(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 阅读下面对话，从7个选项中选择5个恰当的句子完成此对话。 A: Hello, Simon! 1 B: Of course. Go ahead! A: Have you ever been to the Chaohu Lake? B: Yes. I have been there twice. 2 A: 3 B: It’s over 800 square kilometers. And it’s about 54.5 kilometers long from west to east. A: What’s it famous as? B: 4 A: There must be many different kinds of fishes in it. B: You’re right. 5 A: Thanks for telling me. B: No problem. A．How large is it? B．Many visitors fish there. C．May I ask you some questions? D．It’s really beautiful and peaceful. E．When is the best time to travel there? F．It’s one of the five largest freshwater lakes in China. G．Many villagers near it mainly live by fishing in it. 七、用所给词的适当形式填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1．The ocean has an average _________(deep) of about 3,700 meters. 2．The park is full of _________(nature) beauty. 3．Good_________(travel) always respect local cultures. 4．It’s_________(risk) to ride a bike without a helmet (头盔). 5．The Great Barrier Reef is also_________ (live)! 6．—What did Linda do last weekend? —She succeeded in_________(make) a model plane. 7．We were worried about those _________ (climb). They lost their ways. 8．My hometown is in the _________ (north) part of the country. 9．The weather here is_________(change), sunny one minute and rainy the next. 10．We saw a _________(wonder) movie in the cinema last night. The movie was interesting. 八、阅读表达(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) It’s a huge and beautiful wetland. Here, you can see green reeds (芦苇) wave under the blue sky. You can smell the fresh smell of the water plants. Welcome to the Poyang Lake Wetland! The name “Poyang Lake” is well-known in China. It’s located in Jiangxi Province. Poyang Lake Wetland is one of the largest freshwater wetlands in Asia. It provides a habitat (栖息地) for a large number of wild animals and plants. Every year, many birdwatchers and photographers from different cities come here. They wear wide-brimmed (宽边的) hats, long boots and carry telescopes. Boats are their tools for exploring. The temperature there is changeable. It’s warm in spring and autumn, but hot in summer and cold in winter. In summer, the water level may rise a lot. There are various birds in the wetland. Not all birds can stay here all year round, although you can see some swans. Swans have thick feathers to keep them warm in cold weather. They’re very elegant (优美的) and make a beautiful scene in the wetland. People call Poyang Lake Wetland “the Paradise (天堂) of Birds”. There are also many fish in the lake. The wetland’s water is rich in nutrients (营养物), which helps the fish to grow healthily. 1．What can you see and smell in the Poyang Lake Wetland? 2．Who comes here every year? 3．What’s the changeable temperature here like? 4．Why can swans stay here all year round? 5．Why are there many fish in the lake? 九、书面表达(本大题共15分) 假如你是李华,是安徽省合肥市的一名学生,你的美国好友Helen想了解安徽巢湖的有关情况。请根据以下要点提示,给她写一封电子邮件。 内容包括: 1. 安徽最大湖泊; 2. 水域面积约750平方公里,东西长54.5公里,南北宽21公里; 3. 多位著名诗人(poet)为其写诗(poem); 4. 近处有三处有名的温泉(spring),多个旅游名胜。 要求: 1. 语法正确,语义连贯; 2. 邮件中不能出现真实的姓名或校名; 3. 80词左右(开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数)。 Dear Helen, I'm very happy to tell you something about Chaohu Lake. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 　　I hope you can come here and enjoy it one day! Yours, Li HuaUnit 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2026-2027学年八年级上册英语单元自测 Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature·能力提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ 本试卷满分120分。考试时长120分钟。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 一、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。将代表该答案的字母在答题卡上相应的位置涂黑。 You must have seen many rivers in your life, but have you ever heard of stone rivers? Such rivers can be found in some parts of the world. The Big Stone River is one of 1 stone rivers in the world. The Big Stone River is the most interesting sight (景象) of Taganai Park in Russia. Different from other rivers, it 2 thousands of rocks and stones. Not a drop of water can be seen. Interestingly, 3 you come near to the rocky river, you can hear the sound of running water. The Big Stone River is about 6 km long and is made up of many small rocky rivers. It runs through a(n) 4 forest like a real river. It is about 200 metres wide and in some places, it is up to 700 metres wide. Some of the rocks 5 up to 10 tons (吨) each and the layer (层) of rocks goes down 6 metres 6 . Scientists believe it is the 7 of the movement of glaciers (冰川运动) about 10,000 years ago. At that time, ice covered the top of the mountains. As time went by, the ice turned into water. Rocks fell from the 8 slowly and made the river of rocks. Because of the amazing natural force, there is a stone river 9 water. Seeing the amazing river is a(n) 10 great experience. The best way to experience this natural wonder is from above. Come and visit it when you come to Russia. 1．A．more important B．the most important C．more amazing D．the most amazing 2．A．is up to B．is short of C．is filled with D．is good at 3．A．when B．because C．unless D．before 4．A．ancient B．endangered C．strong D．thick 5．A．carry B．weigh C．cost D．waste 6．A．short B．deep C．long D．wide 7．A．result B．reason C．truth D．force 8．A．sky B．nature C．mountains D．desert 9．A．without B．of C．with D．about 10．A．recently B．easily C．truly D．hardly 二、阅读理解。(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) A The Great Blue HoleA famous underwater cave in Belize. —Dive to see colorful corals and sea creatures. —Guided tours available every morning. Best time to visit: March to May Tel: 5566778 Victoria FallsOne of the largest waterfalls in the world, between Zambia and Zimbabwe. —Take a boat tour to feel the mist. —Watch the sunset over the falls for a beautiful view. Best time to visit: November to April Website: victoriafalls.com Mount FujiThe highest mountain in Japan. —Climb to the top for amazing sunrise views. —Visit the nearby lakes in summer. Best time to visit: July to August Email: mountfuji@tour.jp The Grand CanyonA huge canyon in the US, carved by the Colorado River. —Hike along the trails to see different rock layers. —Take a helicopter tour for a bird’s-eye view. Best time to visit: September to October Call: 8899001 1．If you want to dive underwater to see sea creatures, you can go to ______. A．Victoria Falls B．The Great Blue Hole C．Mount Fuji D．The Grand Canyon 2．When is the best time to visit Victoria Falls? A．March to May. B．July to August. C．November to April. D．September to October. 3．Which place offers a helicopter tour? A．The Grand Canyon. B．Mount Fuji. C．The Great Blue Hole. D．Victoria Falls. 4．How can you get more information about Mount Fuji? A．Call 5566778. B．Email mountfuji@tour.jp. C．Visit victoriafalls.com. D．Call 8899001. 5．What do all these places have in common? A．They are all mountains. B．They are all natural wonders. C．You can climb all of them. D．They are in the same country. B The Yellow River is the second longest river in China, with a length of about 5,464 kilometres. It is often called China’s “mother river”, because it helped ancient Chinese civilizations develop thousands of years ago. For centuries, the river has been a key part of Chinese history and culture. Hukou Waterfall is one of the most famous sights on the Yellow River. It lies on the border of Shanxi and Shaanxi provinces, near Yan’an. The waterfall gets its name from its shape—it looks like a huge pot holding the rushing water. Every year, millions of visitors come to enjoy its powerful, beautiful view. Hukou Waterfall and the Yellow River have had a great influence on Yan’an for a long time. First, the river brings rich soil to the land around Yan’an, which helps local people grow crops. Second, the waterfall is an important tourist attraction. It brings in visitors, creates jobs for local people, and helps the local economy grow. Third, the Yellow River is a symbol of the Chinese spirit. In Yan’an, the river has become a part of people’s life and culture, reminding them of the hard-working spirit of the Chinese nation. Today, we still need to protect the Yellow River and Hukou Waterfall at all costs. We should keep the river clean and take good care of this great natural wonder. 6．How long is the Yellow River? A．About 6,300 kilometres. B．About 5,464 kilometres. C．About 6,671 kilometres. D．About 11,000 kilometres. 7．Why is the Yellow River called China’s “mother river”? A．Because it is the longest river in China. B．Because it has the most beautiful waterfall. C．Because it supported ancient Chinese civilizations. D．Because it brings water to all parts of China. 8．Where is Hukou Waterfall located? A．Near Yan’an, on the border of Shanxi and Shaanxi. B．In the center of Yan’an city. C．At the bottom of the Mariana Trench. D．In the Taklimakan Desert. 9．Which of the following is NOT an influence of the Yellow River on Yan’an? A．It brings rich soil for farming. B．It helps develop the local tourist industry. C．It becomes a symbol of the Chinese spirit. D．It makes the land around Yan’an too dry to live on. 10．What does the writer ask us to do in the last paragraph? A．To visit Hukou Waterfall every year. B．To protect the Yellow River and the waterfall. C．To learn more about Chinese history. D．To grow more crops along the river. C A tree that looks very much like it’s walking across a field won 2024’s Tree of the Year competition in New Zealand. The 25-metre-tall tree can be found on the farmland near the town of Karamea on New Zealand’s South Island. With its two trunks, it looks a lot like a walking person—and it has been given the name “The Walking Tree”. The Walking Tree is a kind of tree called a northern rātā, one of New Zealand’s tallest flowering trees. In fact, this tree begins life growing on another tree. Over time, it completely covers the tree it grew on. A northern rātā is known for its large number of bright red flowers in summer. It can live for as long as 1,000 years. But no one knows how old the Walking Tree is. Peter Curry said his family got rid of the trees on the land in 1875 in order to plant crops. “They must have thought the tree was special because they didn’t leave anything else,” he said. The New Zealand Arboricultural Association (树木培植协会) runs the competition to celebrate trees that play an important role in the lives and history of Kiwi communities (社区). The association said Karamea’s Walking Tree was the favourite in the competition, getting over 42% of the votes (选票). Richie Hill from the association said the Walking Tree was an example of the great trees that New Zealanders are lucky to experience. 11．Why was the tree given the name “The Walking Tree”? A．Because it often moves. B．Because it looks beautiful. C．Because it is a symbol of long life. D．Because it looks like a walking person. 12．Which of the following is TRUE about the tree? A．It is over 1,000 years old. B．It is famous for its flowers. C．It is actually made up of two trees. D．It is the tallest tree in New Zealand. 13．What does the underlined phrase “got rid of” mean in English? A．Cleared. B．Planted. C．Cared. D．Protected. 14．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．The history of the tree. B．The symbol of New Zealand. C．People’s ideas about the tree. D．People’s work to protect the tree. 15．Where can you probably read the passage? A．In a storybook. B．In a newspaper. C．In a history book. D．In a sports magazine. D When it comes to the Himalayas (喜马拉雅山脉), what do you have in your mind? High mountains? White snow? Both answers are right, but in the mountains, there is a place called the Valley (山谷) of Flowers and you can see a very different situation there. It is home to pretty flowers, wild plants and endangered animals. The Valley of Flowers is in Uttarakhand, one state in the north of India. It is more than 87.5 square kilometres. Here are flowers everywhere. However, these flowers are not quite the same as what we often see. They grow in high places in the mountains. There are hundreds of different kinds of flowers in this valley. They bloom (开花) between June and September. When the flowers bloom, the valley looks like a magical world with different colours. There are also a lot of wild plants, such as trees and grass, in the Valley of Flowers. They are special. Some of them are hard to find anywhere else in the world! What’s more, some endangered animals live in the valley, like snow leopards (雪豹). Now people have turned the Valley of Flowers into a national park. Visitors can’t build anything or live there. They can’t even stay there for too long at a time. They can only stay there for one day. It’s probably not long enough for visitors to see all the real beauty there. 16．How does the writer start the passage? A．By asking questions. B．By telling a story. C．By giving an example. D．By showing some numbers. 17．Where is the Valley of Flowers located? A．In the south of India. B．In Uttarakhand, a state in the north of India. C．In the Himalayas of Nepal. D．In a valley of China. 18．What can we see in the Valley of Flowers? A．Trees, grass and elephants. B．Flowers, trees and whales. C．Flowers, trees and monkeys. D．Flowers, grass and snow leopards. 19．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The trees. B．The animals. C．The flowers. D．The wild plants. 20．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the passage? A．To tell the facts about the Valley of Flowers. B．To describe the beautiful scene of the Himalayas. C．To ask more people to visit the Valley of Flowers. D．To explain the problems of some national parks in India. 三、阅读还原。(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 根据材料内容, 从下面七个选项中选出五个能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项, 使短文意思通顺、内容完整。 Everybody knows that healthy eating habits are important. 1.　　　  Drink plenty of water. Drink at least 8 glasses of water a day. You may need even more water while you are exercising. 2.　　　　 Breakfast is the most important meal of a day. You will have more energy (能量) after eating breakfast.   Eat light lunch every day. If you don't have enough time to have a proper meal, take some bread with you for a quick lunch. 3.　　　　 If you don't have lunch, that will be bad for your health.   Eat fruit and vegetables every day. 4.　　　　 Add a banana to your breakfast, have salad for lunch, and eat some vegetables at dinner. If you don't like to eat vegetables, you can eat some fruit instead.   5.　　　　 Try to have dinner earlier before you go to bed, because your body needs time to digest (消化) most of the food before you rest for 8 hours.   A. We should eat fruit and vegetables every day. B. Here are five good eating habits for you. C. Don't eat cold food. D. Don't eat dinner too late. E. Having something for lunch can help your body work well. F. Lunch is not important. G. Don't miss breakfast. 四、选词填空 (本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 they; shine; run; curious; inside; think; level; natural; explorer; until The Son Doong Cave (韩松洞) is in Vietnam. It is more than 150 metres high, about 200 metres wide and at least 6.5 kilometres long. It is famous as a(n) 1 wonder. The cave is in the heart of a national park. It remained undiscovered (未被发现的) 2 a local farmer found the small opening to the cave in 1991. He told the story of the cave to other villagers, but no one 3 it was true. Years later, a group of British 4 heard about the farmer’s story. They learned from him that there was a strong, cool wind and the sound of water coming out of the opening. These were signs showing that there was a large cave. They asked him to help 5 find the cave, but he forgot where the opening was. However, the cave attracted 6 people. In 2009, the farmer and some people finally found the cave again. They went 7 and were very surprised. They found a large underground river 8 through the cave. They also found a forest. It is 200 metres below ground 9 . It is really beautiful when the sun 10 into the cave. If you want to visit the cave, you need to cross rivers and climb up walls. How difficult it is! 五、语法填空 (本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) Yellowstone National Park in the US was built in 1872. It is one of the 1 (large) parks in America.      It is widely seen as the first   2 (nature) park in the world and it is famous 3 its wildlife. Native Americans have lived in the Yellowstone for at least 11,000 years. There 4 (be) some visits by mountain men during the early-to-mid-19th century. Later, the US Army began to protect the park and tried hard to make it peaceful. In 1917, the National Park Service (国家公园管理局) built 5 (hundred) of buildings there. Now, these buildings are really important for the study of American history. Some people don’t know 6 to do in the Yellowstone when they pay their first visit. Actually, there are many fun activities in the park, such as hiking, 7 (camp) and sightseeing. It’s not 8 (simple) a place for looking at nature—everybody could find something interesting 9 (do) there. So it is really 10 good choice for us to take a trip to the Yellowstone National Park. 六、补全对话。(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 阅读下面对话，从7个选项中选择5个恰当的句子完成此对话。 A: Hello, Simon! 1 B: Of course. Go ahead! A: Have you ever been to the Chaohu Lake? B: Yes. I have been there twice. 2 A: 3 B: It’s over 800 square kilometers. And it’s about 54.5 kilometers long from west to east. A: What’s it famous as? B: 4 A: There must be many different kinds of fishes in it. B: You’re right. 5 A: Thanks for telling me. B: No problem. A．How large is it? B．Many visitors fish there. C．May I ask you some questions? D．It’s really beautiful and peaceful. E．When is the best time to travel there? F．It’s one of the five largest freshwater lakes in China. G．Many villagers near it mainly live by fishing in it. 七、用所给词的适当形式填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1．The ocean has an average _________(deep) of about 3,700 meters. 2．The park is full of _________(nature) beauty. 3．Good_________(travel) always respect local cultures. 4．It’s_________(risk) to ride a bike without a helmet (头盔). 5．The Great Barrier Reef is also_________ (live)! 6．—What did Linda do last weekend? —She succeeded in_________(make) a model plane. 7．We were worried about those _________ (climb). They lost their ways. 8．My hometown is in the _________ (north) part of the country. 9．The weather here is_________(change), sunny one minute and rainy the next. 10．We saw a _________(wonder) movie in the cinema last night. The movie was interesting. 八、阅读表达(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) It’s a huge and beautiful wetland. Here, you can see green reeds (芦苇) wave under the blue sky. You can smell the fresh smell of the water plants. Welcome to the Poyang Lake Wetland! The name “Poyang Lake” is well-known in China. It’s located in Jiangxi Province. Poyang Lake Wetland is one of the largest freshwater wetlands in Asia. It provides a habitat (栖息地) for a large number of wild animals and plants. Every year, many birdwatchers and photographers from different cities come here. They wear wide-brimmed (宽边的) hats, long boots and carry telescopes. Boats are their tools for exploring. The temperature there is changeable. It’s warm in spring and autumn, but hot in summer and cold in winter. In summer, the water level may rise a lot. There are various birds in the wetland. Not all birds can stay here all year round, although you can see some swans. Swans have thick feathers to keep them warm in cold weather. They’re very elegant (优美的) and make a beautiful scene in the wetland. People call Poyang Lake Wetland “the Paradise (天堂) of Birds”. There are also many fish in the lake. The wetland’s water is rich in nutrients (营养物), which helps the fish to grow healthily. 1．What can you see and smell in the Poyang Lake Wetland? 2．Who comes here every year? 3．What’s the changeable temperature here like? 4．Why can swans stay here all year round? 5．Why are there many fish in the lake? 九、书面表达(本大题共15分) 假如你是李华,是安徽省合肥市的一名学生,你的美国好友Helen想了解安徽巢湖的有关情况。请根据以下要点提示,给她写一封电子邮件。 内容包括: 1. 安徽最大湖泊; 2. 水域面积约750平方公里,东西长54.5公里,南北宽21公里; 3. 多位著名诗人(poet)为其写诗(poem); 4. 近处有三处有名的温泉(spring),多个旅游名胜。 要求: 1. 语法正确,语义连贯; 2. 邮件中不能出现真实的姓名或校名; 3. 80词左右(开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数)。 Dear Helen, I'm very happy to tell you something about Chaohu Lake. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 　　I hope you can come here and enjoy it one day! Yours, Li HuaUnit 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年八年级上册英语单元自测 Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature·能力提升卷 一、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 1．D 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．C 二、阅读理解。(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B 11．D 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．B 16．A 17．B 18．D 19．D 20．A 三、阅读还原。(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 1—5BGEAD 四、选词填空 (本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1．natural 2．until 3．thought 4．explorers 5．them 6．curious 7．inside 8．running 9．level 10．shines 五、语法填空 (本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1．largest 2．natural 3．for 4．were 5．hundreds 6．what 7．camping 8．simply 9．to do 10．a 六、补全对话。(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．F 5．G 七、用所给词的适当形式填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1.depth 2.natural 3.travellers 4.risky 5.alive 6.making 7.climbers 8.northern 9.changeable 10.wonderful 八、阅读表达(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 1．Green reeds wave (under the blue sky) and the fresh smell of the water plants. 2．Many birdwatchers and photographers from different cities. 3．It’s warm in spring and autumn, but hot in summer and cold in winter. 4．Because they have thick feathers to keep them warm in cold weather. 5．Because the wetland’s water is rich in nutrients. 九、书面表达(本大题共15分) Dear Helen,  I'm very happy to tell you something about Chaohu Lake. It's the biggest lake in Anhui. It's very famous for its lake and beautiful interesting places. It is 54.5 kilometres long from east to west and 21 kilometres wide from north to south. Its water area is about 750 square kilometres. You can't swim in it, or you might be in danger. It's so beautiful that many famous poets wrote many nice poems for it. Of course, there are many beautiful places of interest around it. There are three famous springs near it. You can have fun in them.  I hope you can come here and enjoy it one day!  Yours, Li Hua  原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年八年级上册英语单元自测 Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature·能力提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ 本试卷满分120分。考试时长120分钟。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 一、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。将代表该答案的字母在答题卡上相应的位置涂黑。 You must have seen many rivers in your life, but have you ever heard of stone rivers? Such rivers can be found in some parts of the world. The Big Stone River is one of 1 stone rivers in the world. The Big Stone River is the most interesting sight (景象) of Taganai Park in Russia. Different from other rivers, it 2 thousands of rocks and stones. Not a drop of water can be seen. Interestingly, 3 you come near to the rocky river, you can hear the sound of running water. The Big Stone River is about 6 km long and is made up of many small rocky rivers. It runs through a(n) 4 forest like a real river. It is about 200 metres wide and in some places, it is up to 700 metres wide. Some of the rocks 5 up to 10 tons (吨) each and the layer (层) of rocks goes down 6 metres 6 . Scientists believe it is the 7 of the movement of glaciers (冰川运动) about 10,000 years ago. At that time, ice covered the top of the mountains. As time went by, the ice turned into water. Rocks fell from the 8 slowly and made the river of rocks. Because of the amazing natural force, there is a stone river 9 water. Seeing the amazing river is a(n) 10 great experience. The best way to experience this natural wonder is from above. Come and visit it when you come to Russia. 1．A．more important B．the most important C．more amazing D．the most amazing 2．A．is up to B．is short of C．is filled with D．is good at 3．A．when B．because C．unless D．before 4．A．ancient B．endangered C．strong D．thick 5．A．carry B．weigh C．cost D．waste 6．A．short B．deep C．long D．wide 7．A．result B．reason C．truth D．force 8．A．sky B．nature C．mountains D．desert 9．A．without B．of C．with D．about 10．A．recently B．easily C．truly D．hardly 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了俄罗斯塔加奈公园内著名的自然奇观——“大石河”的景观特色、物理规模及其成因。文章通过描述这一没有水却有流水声的石头河流，带读者领略了大自然的鬼斧神工。 1．句意：大石河是世界上最令人惊叹的石头河之一。 根据原文“The Big Stone River is one of…stone rivers in the world.”以及“The Big Stone River is the most interesting sight (景象)…”可知，此处考查“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构。应选用the most amazing表示“最神奇的”。 2．句意：与其他河流不同，它充满了成千上万的岩石和石头。 根据原文“Not a drop of water can be seen.”（看不见一滴水）及空后“thousands of rocks and stones”可知，河床里装满的是石头。应选用is filled with表示“充满”。 3．句意：有趣的是，当你靠近这条多石的河流时，你能听到流水的声音。 根据原文“…you come near to the rocky river, you can hear the sound of running water.”可知，听到声音与靠近河流是同时发生的。应选用when表示“当……时”。 4．句意：它像一条真正的河流一样穿过茂密的森林。 根据原文“It runs through a(n)…forest like a real river.”及地貌特征，常选用thick“茂密的”来形容森林的植被密度。 5．句意：有些岩石每块重达10吨，岩层向下延伸6米深。 根据原文“Some of the rocks…up to 10 tons (吨) each…”可知，空后为重量单位。应选用动词weigh表示“重量为……”。 6．句意：有些岩石每块重达10吨，岩层向下延伸6米深。 根据原文“…the layer (层) of rocks goes down 6 metres…”可知，此处指岩石层向下延伸的垂直距离。应选用形容词deep表示“深的”。 7．句意：科学家们认为这是大约1万年前冰川运动的结果。 根据原文“…the ice turned into water. Rocks fell from the…and made the river of rocks.”可知，石河是这一系列动作发生后最终形成的产物。应选用result表示“结果”。 8．句意：岩石从山上慢慢滚落下来，形成了这条岩石河。 根据原文“ice covered the top of the mountains”以及“Rocks fell from the…slowly…”可知，岩石是从覆盖着冰层的山上滑落的。应选用mountains表示“山脉”。 9．句意：由于惊人的自然力量，这就是这条没有水的石头河。 根据前文“Not a drop of water can be seen.”可知，这条河的特征是没有水。应选用without表示“没有”。 10．句意：看到这条神奇的河流真的是一次极好的体验。 根据原文“Seeing the amazing river is a(n)…great experience.”可知，此处需用副词修饰形容词“great”，应选用truly表示“真正地”。 二、阅读理解。(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) A The Great Blue HoleA famous underwater cave in Belize. —Dive to see colorful corals and sea creatures. —Guided tours available every morning. Best time to visit: March to May Tel: 5566778 Victoria FallsOne of the largest waterfalls in the world, between Zambia and Zimbabwe. —Take a boat tour to feel the mist. —Watch the sunset over the falls for a beautiful view. Best time to visit: November to April Website: victoriafalls.com Mount FujiThe highest mountain in Japan. —Climb to the top for amazing sunrise views. —Visit the nearby lakes in summer. Best time to visit: July to August Email: mountfuji@tour.jp The Grand CanyonA huge canyon in the US, carved by the Colorado River. —Hike along the trails to see different rock layers. —Take a helicopter tour for a bird’s-eye view. Best time to visit: September to October Call: 8899001 1．If you want to dive underwater to see sea creatures, you can go to ______. A．Victoria Falls B．The Great Blue Hole C．Mount Fuji D．The Grand Canyon 2．When is the best time to visit Victoria Falls? A．March to May. B．July to August. C．November to April. D．September to October. 3．Which place offers a helicopter tour? A．The Grand Canyon. B．Mount Fuji. C．The Great Blue Hole. D．Victoria Falls. 4．How can you get more information about Mount Fuji? A．Call 5566778. B．Email mountfuji@tour.jp. C．Visit victoriafalls.com. D．Call 8899001. 5．What do all these places have in common? A．They are all mountains. B．They are all natural wonders. C．You can climb all of them. D．They are in the same country. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了大蓝洞、维多利亚瀑布、富士山和科罗拉多大峡谷四处自然景观的特色、游览方式与最佳时间。 1．细节理解题。根据“The Great Blue Hole...Dive to see...sea creatures.”可知，如果你想潜入水中观赏海洋生物，你可以去大蓝洞。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Victoria Falls...Best time to visit: November to April”可知，参观维多利亚瀑布的最佳时间是从11月到4月。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“The Grand Canyon...Take a helicopter tour...”可知，科罗拉多大峡谷提供直升机游览项目。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Mount Fuji...Email: mountfuji@tour.jp”可知，你可以发送邮件至mountfuji@tour.jp获取更多关于富士山的信息。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“The Great Blue Hole A famous underwater cave”，“Victoria Falls One of the largest waterfalls”，“Mount Fuji The highest mountain”和“The Grand Canyon A huge canyon”知，这些都是由自然力量形成的景观，因此都属于自然奇观。故选B。 B The Yellow River is the second longest river in China, with a length of about 5,464 kilometres. It is often called China’s “mother river”, because it helped ancient Chinese civilizations develop thousands of years ago. For centuries, the river has been a key part of Chinese history and culture. Hukou Waterfall is one of the most famous sights on the Yellow River. It lies on the border of Shanxi and Shaanxi provinces, near Yan’an. The waterfall gets its name from its shape—it looks like a huge pot holding the rushing water. Every year, millions of visitors come to enjoy its powerful, beautiful view. Hukou Waterfall and the Yellow River have had a great influence on Yan’an for a long time. First, the river brings rich soil to the land around Yan’an, which helps local people grow crops. Second, the waterfall is an important tourist attraction. It brings in visitors, creates jobs for local people, and helps the local economy grow. Third, the Yellow River is a symbol of the Chinese spirit. In Yan’an, the river has become a part of people’s life and culture, reminding them of the hard-working spirit of the Chinese nation. Today, we still need to protect the Yellow River and Hukou Waterfall at all costs. We should keep the river clean and take good care of this great natural wonder. 6．How long is the Yellow River? A．About 6,300 kilometres. B．About 5,464 kilometres. C．About 6,671 kilometres. D．About 11,000 kilometres. 7．Why is the Yellow River called China’s “mother river”? A．Because it is the longest river in China. B．Because it has the most beautiful waterfall. C．Because it supported ancient Chinese civilizations. D．Because it brings water to all parts of China. 8．Where is Hukou Waterfall located? A．Near Yan’an, on the border of Shanxi and Shaanxi. B．In the center of Yan’an city. C．At the bottom of the Mariana Trench. D．In the Taklimakan Desert. 9．Which of the following is NOT an influence of the Yellow River on Yan’an? A．It brings rich soil for farming. B．It helps develop the local tourist industry. C．It becomes a symbol of the Chinese spirit. D．It makes the land around Yan’an too dry to live on. 10．What does the writer ask us to do in the last paragraph? A．To visit Hukou Waterfall every year. B．To protect the Yellow River and the waterfall. C．To learn more about Chinese history. D．To grow more crops along the river. 【答案】6．B 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文介绍了黄河的长度、文化意义，以及壶口瀑布的地理位置和对延安地区的影响，最后呼吁保护黄河及壶口瀑布。 6．第一段指出：“with a length of about 5,464 kilometres”，说明黄河长约5464公里。 7．第一段指出：“because it helped ancient Chinese civilizations develop thousands of years ago”，说明黄河被称为母亲河是因为它孕育了古代中华文明。 8．第二段指出：“It lies on the border of Shanxi and Shaanxi provinces, near Yan’an.”，说明壶口瀑布位于山西和陕西交界处，靠近延安。 9．第三段列举了黄河对延安的影响：带来肥沃土壤“the river brings rich soil to the land around Yan’an”、促进旅游业“the waterfall is an important tourist attraction. It brings in visitors, creates jobs”、象征中国精神“a symbol of the Chinese spirit”，未提及“使土地过于干燥无法居住”。因此D项与文意不符。 10．最后一段指出：“we still need to protect the Yellow River and Hukou Waterfall”，说明作者呼吁保护黄河和壶口瀑布。 C A tree that looks very much like it’s walking across a field won 2024’s Tree of the Year competition in New Zealand. The 25-metre-tall tree can be found on the farmland near the town of Karamea on New Zealand’s South Island. With its two trunks, it looks a lot like a walking person—and it has been given the name “The Walking Tree”. The Walking Tree is a kind of tree called a northern rātā, one of New Zealand’s tallest flowering trees. In fact, this tree begins life growing on another tree. Over time, it completely covers the tree it grew on. A northern rātā is known for its large number of bright red flowers in summer. It can live for as long as 1,000 years. But no one knows how old the Walking Tree is. Peter Curry said his family got rid of the trees on the land in 1875 in order to plant crops. “They must have thought the tree was special because they didn’t leave anything else,” he said. The New Zealand Arboricultural Association (树木培植协会) runs the competition to celebrate trees that play an important role in the lives and history of Kiwi communities (社区). The association said Karamea’s Walking Tree was the favourite in the competition, getting over 42% of the votes (选票). Richie Hill from the association said the Walking Tree was an example of the great trees that New Zealanders are lucky to experience. 11．Why was the tree given the name “The Walking Tree”? A．Because it often moves. B．Because it looks beautiful. C．Because it is a symbol of long life. D．Because it looks like a walking person. 12．Which of the following is TRUE about the tree? A．It is over 1,000 years old. B．It is famous for its flowers. C．It is actually made up of two trees. D．It is the tallest tree in New Zealand. 13．What does the underlined phrase “got rid of” mean in English? A．Cleared. B．Planted. C．Cared. D．Protected. 14．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．The history of the tree. B．The symbol of New Zealand. C．People’s ideas about the tree. D．People’s work to protect the tree. 15．Where can you probably read the passage? A．In a storybook. B．In a newspaper. C．In a history book. D．In a sports magazine. 【答案】11．D 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了新西兰一棵外形酷似行人的“行走之树”以超42%的得票率当选2024新西兰年度之树。它是当地特有的北方瑞塔树，早在1875年就因特别被特意保留，该奖项旨在表彰对社区有重要意义的树木。 11．根据第二段结尾“it looks a lot like a walking person—and it has been given the name ‘The Walking Tree’”可知，这棵树被称为“行走之树”是因为它的外形酷似行人。 12．根据第三段开头“The Walking Tree is a kind of tree called a northern rātā”以及第四段开头“A northern rātā is known for its large number of bright red flowers in summer.”可知，这棵树以它的花闻名。 13．根据后面的“They must have thought the tree was special because they didn’t leave anything else”可知，他们为了种庄稼只保留了这棵树，把其他树都清理掉了。cleared“清除，清理”与got rid of同义。planted“种植”、cared“关心，照顾”和protected“保护”均不符。 14．根据最后一段的“getting over 42% of the votes (选票)”和“Richie Hill from the association said the Walking Tree…”可知，这些都是人们对这棵树的看法和评价。 15．本文是一则关于“年度之树”评选的新闻报道，这类内容通常出现在报纸上。 D When it comes to the Himalayas (喜马拉雅山脉), what do you have in your mind? High mountains? White snow? Both answers are right, but in the mountains, there is a place called the Valley (山谷) of Flowers and you can see a very different situation there. It is home to pretty flowers, wild plants and endangered animals. The Valley of Flowers is in Uttarakhand, one state in the north of India. It is more than 87.5 square kilometres. Here are flowers everywhere. However, these flowers are not quite the same as what we often see. They grow in high places in the mountains. There are hundreds of different kinds of flowers in this valley. They bloom (开花) between June and September. When the flowers bloom, the valley looks like a magical world with different colours. There are also a lot of wild plants, such as trees and grass, in the Valley of Flowers. They are special. Some of them are hard to find anywhere else in the world! What’s more, some endangered animals live in the valley, like snow leopards (雪豹). Now people have turned the Valley of Flowers into a national park. Visitors can’t build anything or live there. They can’t even stay there for too long at a time. They can only stay there for one day. It’s probably not long enough for visitors to see all the real beauty there. 16．How does the writer start the passage? A．By asking questions. B．By telling a story. C．By giving an example. D．By showing some numbers. 17．Where is the Valley of Flowers located? A．In the south of India. B．In Uttarakhand, a state in the north of India. C．In the Himalayas of Nepal. D．In a valley of China. 18．What can we see in the Valley of Flowers? A．Trees, grass and elephants. B．Flowers, trees and whales. C．Flowers, trees and monkeys. D．Flowers, grass and snow leopards. 19．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The trees. B．The animals. C．The flowers. D．The wild plants. 20．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the passage? A．To tell the facts about the Valley of Flowers. B．To describe the beautiful scene of the Himalayas. C．To ask more people to visit the Valley of Flowers. D．To explain the problems of some national parks in India. 【答案】16．A 17．B 18．D 19．D 20．A 【导语】本文讲述了位于印度北部的花之谷的地理位置、规模、特色花卉、特有野生植物、濒危雪豹，以及它被设立为国家公园、对游客的相关游览限制等内容。 16．第1段“When it comes to the Himalayas, what do you have in your mind? High mountains? White snow?”文章开篇以连续设问的形式引出主题。 17．第2段第1句“The Valley of Flowers is in Uttarakhand, one state in the north of India.”原文直接写明花之谷的地理位置。 18．第1段、第3段“It is home to pretty flowers...”；“There are also a lot of wild plants, such as trees and grass...”；“some endangered animals live in the valley, like snow leopards.”原文提到山谷中有花、树木、草以及雪豹。 19．第3段第1-3句“There are also a lot of wild plants, such as trees and grass, in the Valley of Flowers. They are special. Some of them are hard to find anywhere else in the world!”代词them指代前文最近提到的复数核心名词wild plants（野生植物）。 20．全文依次介绍了花之谷的位置、面积、植物、动物、国家公园身份及游客管理规则等客观信息。文章全程客观陈述介绍山谷的相关事实，写作目的就是讲述花之谷的相关真实情况。 三、阅读还原。(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 根据材料内容, 从下面七个选项中选出五个能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项, 使短文意思通顺、内容完整。 Everybody knows that healthy eating habits are important. 1.　　　  Drink plenty of water. Drink at least 8 glasses of water a day. You may need even more water while you are exercising. 2.　　　　 Breakfast is the most important meal of a day. You will have more energy (能量) after eating breakfast.   Eat light lunch every day. If you don't have enough time to have a proper meal, take some bread with you for a quick lunch. 3.　　　　 If you don't have lunch, that will be bad for your health.   Eat fruit and vegetables every day. 4.　　　　 Add a banana to your breakfast, have salad for lunch, and eat some vegetables at dinner. If you don't like to eat vegetables, you can eat some fruit instead.   5.　　　　 Try to have dinner earlier before you go to bed, because your body needs time to digest (消化) most of the food before you rest for 8 hours.   A. We should eat fruit and vegetables every day. B. Here are five good eating habits for you. C. Don't eat cold food. D. Don't eat dinner too late. E. Having something for lunch can help your body work well. F. Lunch is not important. G. Don't miss breakfast. 1—5BGEAD 【文章大意】健康的饮食习惯很重要,文章给出了五个实用的健康饮食习惯:每天喝足量水,不错过早餐,午餐清淡且不可不吃,每日食用果蔬,晚餐不宜过晚。 1. B　考查上下文衔接。 上文点明健康饮食习惯的重要性;下文紧接着分点介绍具体习惯。B项起到承上启下的作用。故选B项。 2. G　考查段落主旨。 本段围绕早餐展开,强调吃早餐能补充能量,因此空格处应是关于早餐的核心观点。G项贴合段落主题,引出下文对早餐重要性的说明。故选G项。 3. E　考查上下文衔接。 上文讲午餐的安排;下文强调不吃午餐的危害。空格处应说明吃午餐的好处。E项解释了为何不能不吃午餐。故选E项。 4. A　考查上下文衔接。 段落主旨是“每日食用果蔬”。A项与段落主旨呼应,进一步强化该习惯。故选A项。 5. D　考查段落主旨。 下文提到尽量在睡觉前早点吃晚餐,因为你的身体需要时间消化大部分食物。D项直接点明主旨,引出下文的具体建议和原因。故选D项。 四、选词填空 (本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 they; shine; run; curious; inside; think; level; natural; explorer; until The Son Doong Cave (韩松洞) is in Vietnam. It is more than 150 metres high, about 200 metres wide and at least 6.5 kilometres long. It is famous as a(n) 1 wonder. The cave is in the heart of a national park. It remained undiscovered (未被发现的) 2 a local farmer found the small opening to the cave in 1991. He told the story of the cave to other villagers, but no one 3 it was true. Years later, a group of British 4 heard about the farmer’s story. They learned from him that there was a strong, cool wind and the sound of water coming out of the opening. These were signs showing that there was a large cave. They asked him to help 5 find the cave, but he forgot where the opening was. However, the cave attracted 6 people. In 2009, the farmer and some people finally found the cave again. They went 7 and were very surprised. They found a large underground river 8 through the cave. They also found a forest. It is 200 metres below ground 9 . It is really beautiful when the sun 10 into the cave. If you want to visit the cave, you need to cross rivers and climb up walls. How difficult it is! 【答案】 1．natural 2．until 3．thought 4．explorers 5．them 6．curious 7．inside 8．running 9．level 10．shines 【导语】本文介绍了越南韩松洞的地理概况、发现历程与洞内景观，讲述了从农民发现洞口、英国探险家探寻，到最终发现地下河与地下森林的过程，展现了这一自然奇观的独特魅力。 1．句意：它作为一处自然奇观而闻名。空格处修饰名词“wonder”，需用形容词，韩松洞是天然形成的洞穴，属于自然景观，因此natural“自然的”符合语境，a natural wonder是固定表达，意为“自然奇观”。 2．句意：它一直未被发现，直到192年一位当地农民发现了洞穴的小入口。空格处连接两个句子，体现“洞穴未被发现”与“农民发现洞口”的时间先后逻辑，需用连词until，构成“remained undiscovered until...”的固定结构，意为“直到……才发现”，符合语境。 3．句意：他把洞穴的故事告诉了其他村民，但没人认为这是真的。句子缺少谓语动词，且描述1991年的过去事件，需用动词过去式。think“认为”符合“村民不相信故事真实性”的语境，其过去式为thought。 4．句意：多年后，一群英国探险家听说了这位农民的故事。空格处位于“a group of British”后，指代人，需用可数名词复数。结合上下文语境，前文提到洞穴长期未被发现，后文描述这群人去探寻洞穴、发现地下河与森林的过程，说明他们是专门从事探险工作的人，因此explorer“探险家”符合语境，其复数形式为explorers。 5．句意：他们请他帮忙找到洞穴，但他忘了入口在哪里。空格处位于动词“help”后作宾语，指代前文的“a group of British explorers”，需用人称代词宾格them，符合help sb. do sth.“帮助某人做某事”的固定搭配。 6．句意：然而，这个洞穴吸引了好奇的人们。空格处修饰名词“people”，需用形容词。结合前文，洞穴的神秘故事引发了人们的兴趣，curious“好奇的”符合“洞穴吸引好奇的人前来探寻”的语境。 7．句意：他们走了进去，非常惊讶。空格处修饰动词“went”，需用副词。前文提到找到洞穴入口，因此inside“在内部”符合“进入洞穴内部”的语境，go inside为固定搭配，意为“走到里面”。 8．句意：他们发现一条巨大的地下河贯穿整个洞穴。空格处符合“find sb./sth. doing sth.”结构，表示“发现某物正在做某事”，需用现在分词作宾语补足语。run through“流经、贯穿”符合“河流穿过洞穴”的语境，run的现在分词为running。 9．句意：它 (地下森林) 在地面以下200米的地平面处。空格处补充说明地下森林的位置，ground level是固定搭配，意为“地平面、地面高度”，level“水平、高度”符合“森林在地下200米处”的语境。 10．句意：当阳光照进洞穴时，景色真的很美。空格处在时间状语从句中作谓语，主句为“It is really beautiful”，用一般现在时描述客观事实，从句也应用一般现在时。主语“the sun”为第三人称单数，动词需用三单形式。shine“照耀”符合“阳光照进洞穴”的语境，其三单形式为shines。 五、语法填空 (本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) Yellowstone National Park in the US was built in 1872. It is one of the 1 (large) parks in America.      It is widely seen as the first   2 (nature) park in the world and it is famous 3 its wildlife. Native Americans have lived in the Yellowstone for at least 11,000 years. There 4 (be) some visits by mountain men during the early-to-mid-19th century. Later, the US Army began to protect the park and tried hard to make it peaceful. In 1917, the National Park Service (国家公园管理局) built 5 (hundred) of buildings there. Now, these buildings are really important for the study of American history. Some people don’t know 6 to do in the Yellowstone when they pay their first visit. Actually, there are many fun activities in the park, such as hiking, 7 (camp) and sightseeing. It’s not 8 (simple) a place for looking at nature—everybody could find something interesting 9 (do) there. So it is really 10 good choice for us to take a trip to the Yellowstone National Park. 【答案】 1．largest 2．natural 3．for 4．were 5．hundreds 6．what 7．camping 8．simply 9．to do 10．a 【导语】本文介绍了美国黄石国家公园的基本情况（建立时间、规模、地位、特色）、历史变迁以及公园内的活动，强调它是旅行的好选择。 1．句意：它是美国最大的公园之一。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”，所以这里用large的最高级形式largest。 2．句意：它被广泛认为是世界上第一个自然公园，因野生动物而闻名。修饰名词park要用形容词，nature的形容词形式是natural，意为“自然的”。 3．句意：它被广泛认为是世界上第一个自然公园，因野生动物而闻名。be famous for是固定短语，意为“因……而闻名”，这里指黄石公园因它的野生动物而闻名，所以填for。 4．句意：在19世纪中前期，有一些山地人曾到访过那里。根据时间状语“during the early-to-mid-19th century”可知，这里说的是过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时，主语some visits是复数，所以be动词用were。 5．句意：1917年，国家公园管理局在那里建造了数百座建筑。hundreds of是固定搭配，意为“数以百计的”，所以这里填hundreds。 6．句意：有些人第一次去黄石公园时，不知道该做些什么。“疑问词 + 不定式”作know的宾语，根据语境可知，这里指一些人第一次去黄石公园时不知道做什么，所以用what to do，填what。 7．句意：事实上，公园里其实有很多有趣的活动，比如徒步、露营和观光。such as后接名词或动名词作宾语，与hiking和sightseeing并列，所以camp要用动名词形式camping。 8．句意：这不仅仅是一个观赏自然风光的地方——每个人都能在那里找到一些有趣的事情去做。修饰整个句子要用副词，simple的副词形式是simply，意为“仅仅，只是”，这里表示它不仅仅是一个观赏自然的地方。 9．句意：这不仅仅是一个观赏自然风光的地方——每个人都能在那里找到一些有趣的事情去做。这里用动词不定式to do作后置定语，修饰something interesting，意为“有趣的事情去做”。 10．句意：所以去黄石国家公园旅行真的是一个非常好的选择。choice是可数名词单数，这里表示“一个好的选择”，good是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。 六、补全对话。(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 阅读下面对话，从7个选项中选择5个恰当的句子完成此对话。 A: Hello, Simon! 1 B: Of course. Go ahead! A: Have you ever been to the Chaohu Lake? B: Yes. I have been there twice. 2 A: 3 B: It’s over 800 square kilometers. And it’s about 54.5 kilometers long from west to east. A: What’s it famous as? B: 4 A: There must be many different kinds of fishes in it. B: You’re right. 5 A: Thanks for telling me. B: No problem. A．How large is it? B．Many visitors fish there. C．May I ask you some questions? D．It’s really beautiful and peaceful. E．When is the best time to travel there? F．It’s one of the five largest freshwater lakes in China. G．Many villagers near it mainly live by fishing in it. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．F 5．G 【导语】本文是一则对话，围绕巢湖展开，A向Simon询问关于巢湖的一些问题，Simon进行了相应解答。 1．根据答语“Of course. Go ahead!”，可知，此处是A请求询问问题，选项C“我可以问你一些问题吗？”符合语境，故选C。 2．前面Simon说去过巢湖两次，这里应该是对巢湖的评价，选项D“它真的很漂亮且宁静。”符合语境，故选D。 3．根据答语“It’s over 800 square kilometers. And it’s about 54.5 kilometers long from west to east.”可知，是询问巢湖的大小，选项A“它有多大？”符合语境，故选A。 4．根据问句“What’s it famous as?”，是问它作为什么而闻名，选项F “它是中国五大淡水湖之一。”是对巢湖闻名原因的回答，符合语境，故选F。 5．前面A说湖里一定有很多不同种类的鱼，选项G “它附近的许多村民主要靠在湖里捕鱼为生。”进一步说明了鱼和当地村民的关系，符合语境，故选G。 七、用所给词的适当形式填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1．The ocean has an average _________(deep) of about 3,700 meters. 【答案】depth 【详解】句意：海洋的平均深度大约为3700米。deep“深的”，形容词，根据“an average ...”可知，此处需填名词，deep的名词为depth，不可数名词。故填depth。 2．The park is full of _________(nature) beauty. 【答案】natural 【详解】句意：这个公园充满了自然美景。根据“... beauty”可知，空处填形容词作定语。nature的形容词是natural“自然的”。故填natural。 3．Good_________(travel) always respect local cultures. 【答案】travellers 【详解】句意：好的旅行者总会尊重当地文化。travel“旅行”，是动词，此处需用名词作主语，表示“旅行者”，其名词形式是traveller，结合“respect”（原形）可知主语为复数，因此填travellers。故填travellers。 4．It’s_________(risk) to ride a bike without a helmet (头盔). 【答案】risky 【详解】句意：不戴头盔骑自行车是有风险的。根据括号内的单词提示可知，risk“风险”，It’s＋形容词＋to do sth.“做某事是……的”，是固定句型，因此应填risk的形容词形式risky“有风险的”。故填risky。 5．The Great Barrier Reef is also_________ (live)! 【答案】alive 【详解】句意：大堡礁也依然充满生机！根据“is”可知，此处应填形容词作表语，描述大堡礁的特征，live是动词，应填alive，意为 “活着的、有生机的”，强调生命状态。故填alive。 6．—What did Linda do last weekend? —She succeeded in_________(make) a model plane. 【答案】making 【详解】句意：——琳达上周末做了什么？——她成功制作了一个飞机模型。succeed in doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“成功做某事”，其中in是介词，后接动名词形式，make的动名词为making。故填making。 7．We were worried about those _________ (climb). They lost their ways. 【答案】climbers 【详解】句意：我们很担心那些登山者，他们迷路了。根据提示可知，those为指示代词，后接可数名词复数形式；所给词climb是动词，意为“攀登”，其对应的表示人的名词为climber“登山者”，根据后面的they可知需变为复数形式。故填climbers。 8．My hometown is in the _________ (north) part of the country. 【答案】northern 【详解】句意：我的家乡在这个国家的北部。north“北方；向北”，可作名词或副词，此处需用形容词修饰名词part，north的形容词形式是northern，意为“北方的”。故填northern。 9．The weather here is_________(change), sunny one minute and rainy the next. 【答案】changeable 【详解】句意：这里的天气变化无常，刚才还是晴天，转眼就下雨了。根据提示可知，句中be动词is后需接形容词作表语；所给词change为动词/名词，意为“改变”，其形容词形式为changeable。故填changeable。 10．We saw a _________(wonder) movie in the cinema last night. The movie was interesting. 【答案】wonderful 【详解】句意：昨晚我们在电影院看了一部‌精彩的‌电影，这部电影很有趣。根据提示可知，此处表达“精彩的”，wonder为名词“奇迹”，此处修饰movie需用其形容词wonderful“精彩的”。故填wonderful。 八、阅读表达(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) It’s a huge and beautiful wetland. Here, you can see green reeds (芦苇) wave under the blue sky. You can smell the fresh smell of the water plants. Welcome to the Poyang Lake Wetland! The name “Poyang Lake” is well-known in China. It’s located in Jiangxi Province. Poyang Lake Wetland is one of the largest freshwater wetlands in Asia. It provides a habitat (栖息地) for a large number of wild animals and plants. Every year, many birdwatchers and photographers from different cities come here. They wear wide-brimmed (宽边的) hats, long boots and carry telescopes. Boats are their tools for exploring. The temperature there is changeable. It’s warm in spring and autumn, but hot in summer and cold in winter. In summer, the water level may rise a lot. There are various birds in the wetland. Not all birds can stay here all year round, although you can see some swans. Swans have thick feathers to keep them warm in cold weather. They’re very elegant (优美的) and make a beautiful scene in the wetland. People call Poyang Lake Wetland “the Paradise (天堂) of Birds”. There are also many fish in the lake. The wetland’s water is rich in nutrients (营养物), which helps the fish to grow healthily. 1．What can you see and smell in the Poyang Lake Wetland? 2．Who comes here every year? 3．What’s the changeable temperature here like? 4．Why can swans stay here all year round? 5．Why are there many fish in the lake? 【答案】1．Green reeds wave (under the blue sky) and the fresh smell of the water plants. 2．Many birdwatchers and photographers from different cities. 3．It’s warm in spring and autumn, but hot in summer and cold in winter. 4．Because they have thick feathers to keep them warm in cold weather. 5．Because the wetland’s water is rich in nutrients. 【导语】本文主要介绍了江西鄱阳湖湿地的自然环境、生态及游客情况。 1．根据“you can see green reeds wave under the blue sky. You can smell the fresh smell of the water plants”可知，在鄱阳湖湿地能看到蓝天下摇曳的绿芦苇，闻到水生植物的清新气味。故填Green reeds wave (under the blue sky) and the fresh smell of the water plants. 2．根据“many birdwatchers and photographers from different cities come here”可知，每年有来自不同城市的观鸟者和摄影师来到这里。故填Many birdwatchers and photographers from different cities. 3．根据“It’s warm in spring and autumn, but hot in summer and cold in winter”可知，这里的温度春秋温暖、夏热冬冷。故填It’s warm in spring and autumn, but hot in summer and cold in winter. 4．根据“Swans have thick feathers to keep them warm in cold weather”可知，天鹅有厚实的羽毛能在寒冷天气保暖，所以可以全年停留。故填Because they have thick feathers to keep them warm in cold weather. 5．根据“The wetland’s water is rich in nutrients, which helps the fish to grow healthily”可知，湿地的水富含营养，所以湖里有很多鱼。故填Because the wetland’s water is rich in nutrients. 九、书面表达(本大题共15分) 假如你是李华,是安徽省合肥市的一名学生,你的美国好友Helen想了解安徽巢湖的有关情况。请根据以下要点提示,给她写一封电子邮件。 内容包括: 1. 安徽最大湖泊; 2. 水域面积约750平方公里,东西长54.5公里,南北宽21公里; 3. 多位著名诗人(poet)为其写诗(poem); 4. 近处有三处有名的温泉(spring),多个旅游名胜。 要求: 1. 语法正确,语义连贯; 2. 邮件中不能出现真实的姓名或校名; 3. 80词左右(开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数)。 Dear Helen, I'm very happy to tell you something about Chaohu Lake. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 　　I hope you can come here and enjoy it one day! Yours, Li Hua One possible version: Dear Helen,  I'm very happy to tell you something about Chaohu Lake. It's the biggest lake in Anhui. It's very famous for its lake and beautiful interesting places. It is 54.5 kilometres long from east to west and 21 kilometres wide from north to south. Its water area is about 750 square kilometres. You can't swim in it, or you might be in danger. It's so beautiful that many famous poets wrote many nice poems for it. Of course, there are many beautiful places of interest around it. There are three famous springs near it. You can have fun in them.  I hope you can come here and enjoy it one day!  Yours, Li Hua  原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $