Unit 1 The new schoolyear plan（知识清单）英语人教大同版五年级上册（新教材）

该小学英语单元知识清单系统梳理了“新学期计划”主题内容，涵盖语音语调（ay/a-e/ai发音及降调规则）、必记单词、常考短语、必会句型（be going to核心问答等）及核心语法（一般将来时等）五大知识范畴，为学生搭建从基础积累到综合应用的递进式学习支架。 清单以“考点速记”分类呈现6大核心考点，如be going to句型解析区分计划与临时想法，want to与can用法对比培养思维品质。每个考点配套“提分练”含单选、句型转换等分层练习，标注缩写规则易错点等记忆技巧，助力学生提升语言能力与学习能力，教师可直接用于课堂教学与学情检测，高效辅助教学。

Unit 1 The new schoolyear plan 单元知识清单知 识 归 纳 语音语调 字母组合 ay、a-e、ai 均可发 /eɪ/ ay（单词末尾）：play day say a-e（不发音 e 结构）：name cake space ai（单词中间）：email paint rain train 语调规则：特殊疑问句末尾使用降调↘ 例：What are you going to do on Saturday? ↘ 必记单词 plan 计划 diary 日记 note 笔记 wide 广泛地 club 社团 healthy 健康的 exercise 锻炼 diet 日常饮食 question 问题 常考短语 ask questions 提问 do exercise 锻炼 have a healthy diet 有健康的饮食习惯 join a school club 参加学校社团 keep a diary 写日记 make a plan 制订计划 read widely 广泛阅读 take notes 做笔记 必会句型 询问对方打算做什么（be going to 核心句型） —What are you going to do on Saturday? —I’m going to play football. 例：—What are you going to do on Saturday? 星期六你打算做什么？ —I’m going to play football. 我要去踢足球。 拓展问答 —What is he/she going to do? —He / She is going to join a school club. 一般疑问句 —Are you going to keep a diary? —Yes, I am. / No, I’m not. want to 表达想要做某事 I want to join a school club. can 表达能力，能够做某事 You can take notes in class. 核心语法 1.be going to 表计划、打算（一般将来时） 结构：主语 + am/is/are + going to + 动词原形 2.be 动词匹配规则：I 搭配 am；单数主语 /he/she/it 搭配 is；you / 复数主语搭配 are 3.缩写规则：I am=I’m；you are=you’re；he is=he’s；she is=she’s；is not=isn’t；are not=aren’t 4.want to + 动词原形：想要做某事 5.can + 动词原形：能够，可以做某事，can 无人称和数的变化 6.字母组合 ay、a-e、ai 发音 /eɪ/ 拼读规则 考 点 速 记 考点 01 be going to 句型基础用法 例： I’m going to make a plan. 我打算制定一份计划。 She is going to read widely. 她打算广泛阅读。 解析：be going to 是五年级核心一般将来时结构，专门用来描述提前想好、做好安排的未来计划，区别于单纯 will 临时想法。整个结构中 going to 后面只能接动词原形，不能加 ing、三单或者不定式 to。主语不同，前面的 be 动词 am/is/are 要对应变换；变否定直接在 be 后加 not，变疑问直接把 be 动词提前。 [拓展] 常搭配时间状语 this new school year（新学年）、on Saturday（周六）、tomorrow（明天），用于谈论学习、运动、社团等规划，是单元写作、对话问答必考句型。 提分练 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. I ____ going to keep a diary. A. am B. is C. are ( ) 2. They ____ going to join a school club. A. is B. are C. am ( ) 3. ____ she going to take notes? A. Is B. Are C. Am ( ) 4. —What ____ you going to do? —I’m going to do exercise. A. is B. am C. are ( ) 5. He ____ going to ask questions in class. A. isn’t B. aren’t C. am not 二、句型转换 I am going to have a healthy diet.（改为否定句） ___________________________________________________________________ She is going to read widely.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） ___________________________________________________________________ They are going to make a plan.（对划线部分提问） ___________________________________________________________________ 考点 02 What are you going to do? 情景问答 例： —What are you going to do on Saturday? 周六你打算做什么？ —I’m going to play football. 我打算踢足球。 解析：这是本单元最核心的特殊疑问句，疑问词 what 用来询问 “做什么事情”，放在句首引导问句；主语是 you 时，搭配 be 动词 are；如果主语换成 he/she/ 人名单数，be 动词改为 is；换成 they 复数，be 动词改为 are。回答必须对应使用主语 + be going to + 动作短语，问句末尾固定读降调。 [拓展] 日常对话、听力选择题、情景对话题高频出现，经常搭配各类校园、运动短语综合考查，需要灵活替换不同活动短语作答。 提分练 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. —____ are you going to do on Saturday? —I’m going to play football. A. What B. Where C. When ( ) 2. —What is Tom going to do? —____ join a school club. A. He’s going to B. He going to C. He is go to 二、连词成句 are, what, you, going, to, do, on Saturday (?) ______________________________________________________________ going, I, to, keep a diary, am (.) ______________________________________________________________ she, to, is, going, join, the Book Club (.) ______________________________________________________________ 考点 03 缩写形式（be 动词缩写、否定缩写） 例： I am = I’m 我是 she is = she’s 她是 is not = isn’t 不是（单数） are not = aren’t 不是（复数） 解析：英语中为了口语书写简便，be 动词可以和前面主语、后面 not 缩写，是选词填空、改写句子常考小点。重点易错规则： 1. 陈述句、问句中可以缩写； 2. 简短肯定回答绝对不能缩写，如问句 Is she going to read? 答句只能写 Yes, she is，不能写 Yes, she’s； 3. 否定缩写 is not=isn’t、are not=aren’t 固定写法，不能随意拆分； 4. 复数主语搭配 are 相关缩写 you’re/we’re/they’re，单数主语搭配 is 缩写 he’s/she’s/it’s，做题要区分单复数判断。 [拓展] you’re=you are；we’re=we are；they’re=they are 提分练 一、写出完整缩写形式 I am ________ she is ________ is not ________ are not ________ 二、单项选择 ( ) 1. —Is he going to ask questions? —Yes, ____. A. he’s B. he is C. he isn’t ( ) 2. They ____ going to read widely. They want to play outside. A. aren’t B. are C. isn’t 考点 04 want to 的用法 例：I want to join a school club. 我想要参加学校社团。 She wants to keep a diary. 她想要写日记。 解析：want 是实义动词，含义 “想要”，固定搭配want to do sth 想要做某事，to 是不定式符号，后面永久跟动词原形，不能加 ing 或者名词。时态变化重点：主语是 I/you/we/they 复数时，动词用原形 want；主语是 he/she/ 单个名字等第三人称单数，动词要加 s 变成 wants。 [拓展] 本句型常和 be going to 混合考查，区分：want to 侧重内心愿望，be going to 侧重已经安排好的计划，句型转换、单选、翻译题经常结合两者对比出题。 提分练 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. I want ____ a healthy diet. A. have B. to have C. having ( ) 2. He wants ____ notes every day. A. take B. taking C. to take ( ) 3. They want ____ join the Music Club. A. to B. / C. and ( ) 4. Does your mum want ____ exercise every morning? A. do B. to do C. doing ( ) 5. We want ____ read more storybooks. A. to read B. read C. reading 二、按要求改写句子 I want to make a plan.（主语改为 She） __________________________________________________________________________ They want to keep a diary.（主语改为 He） __________________________________________________________________________ She wants to read widely.（改为一般疑问句） __________________________________________________________________________ We want to join a school club.（改为否定句） __________________________________________________________________________ Tom wants to take notes in class.（对划线提问） __________________________________________________________________________ I want to have a healthy diet.（主语改为 They） __________________________________________________________________________ 考点 05 can 的用法 例：You can take notes in class.你可以在课堂记笔记。 Can you ask questions in class? 你能在课堂上提问吗？ 解析：can 属于情态动词，含义 “能够、可以”，没有人称、单复数变化，不管主语是 I/he/she/they，都统一用原形 can，后面必须搭配动词原形。变形规则：变否定直接在 can 后加 not，缩写 can’t；变一般疑问句直接把 can 提到句首，回答用 Yes, 主语 + can / No, 主语 + can’t。 [拓展] 常用来表达能力、许可，会和 be going to、want to 放在同一道题辨析，区分时态和语义，句型转换、情景问答必考。。 提分练 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. You ____ do exercise every day. It’s good for you. A. can B. to can C. can to ( ) 2. She ____ join the club, because she has no time. A. can B. can’t C. is ( ) 3. —____ I keep a diary in English? —Yes, you can. A. Can B. Are C. Do ( ) 4. We ____ read storybooks in class, the teacher says no. A. can B. can’t C. isn’t ( ) 5. Can they ____ take notes well? A. to B. / C. do 考点 06 ay /a-e/ai 发音辨析 例：play /pleɪ/（玩，ay） cake /keɪk/（蛋糕，a-e） train /treɪn/（火车，ai） 解析：本组三个字母组合都发字母 a 的本音长音 /eɪ/，是本单元语音专项考点，分为三类结构： 1. ai 一般放在单词中间，如 train、rain； 2. ay 固定放在单词末尾，如 play、day、say，单词中间不会出现 ay； 3. a-e 是 “元音 + 辅音 + 不发音 e” 开音节结构，单词末尾的 e 不发音，作用是让前面 a 读 /eɪ/。 [拓展] 同类单词 day /deɪ/ 日子，say /seɪ/ 说，paint /peɪnt/ 画画，rain /reɪn/ 下雨 提分练 一、判断划线发音相同 S，不同 D play day ( ) cake cat ( ) rain email ( ) name space ( ) 二、根据中文补全单词 pl_______ 玩 2. tr ______n 火车 3. n ______me 名字 4. s______ 说 参考答案 考点 1 be going to 句型基础用法 一、单项选择 1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. A 二、句型转换 1. I am not going to have a healthy diet. 2. —Is she going to read widely? —Yes, she is. 3. What are they going to do? 考点 2 What are you going to do? 情景问答 一、单项选择 1. A 2. A 二、连词成句 1. What are you going to do on Saturday? 2. I am going to keep a diary. 3. She is going to join the Book Club. 考点 3 缩写形式（be 动词缩写、否定缩写） 一、写出完整缩写形式 1. I’m 2. she’s 3. isn’t 4. aren’t 二、单项选择 1. B 2. A 考点 4 want to 的用法 一、单项选择 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. A 二、按要求改写句子 1. She wants to make a plan. 2. He wants to keep a diary. 3. Does she want to read widely? 4. We don’t want to join a school club. 5. What does Tom want to do in class? 6. They want to have a healthy diet. 考点 5 can 的用法 一、单项选择 1. A 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. B 二、改为否定句 1. We can’t read widely after school. 2. I can’t join the school club. 3. She can’t do exercise every morning. 4. They can’t ask questions in class. 5. Tom can’t keep a diary every day. 考点 6 ay /a-e/ai 发音辨析 一、判断划线发音相同 S，不同 D 1. S 2. D 3. S 4. S 二、根据中文补全单词 1. ay 2. ai 3. a 4. ay 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $