2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册暑期语法预习—定语从句（含对应专项练习）

**基本信息** 以“概念-分类-要素-方法-应用”为逻辑主线，构建定语从句从基础认知到解题实践的完整训练体系，融合三步解题法与特殊用法归纳，提升语言运用与逻辑思维能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |核心知识点|11个要点（含概念/分类/关系词等）|三步解题法（判完整性→选关系代词/副词）；关系代词特殊用法（that/which/who仅限情况）；关系副词与“介词+关系代词”互换规则|从定语概念切入，推导定语从句定义→分类（限制性/非限制性）→解析核心要素（先行词/关系词）→通过做题步骤实现知识应用迁移| |专项练习|限制性（35题）+非限制性（6题）|针对不同关系词（that/which/who等）设置单选/填空/句式转换等题型，强化特殊用法辨析|覆盖中考高频考点（如that的仅限情况、非限制性从句逗号用法），通过典型例题（如不定代词作先行词用that）突破易错点|

2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册暑期语法预习—定语从句（含对应专项练习） ★核心知识点 1.概念： 定语：用来修饰名词、代词的句子成分（可由形容词、名词、动名词、副词、不定式、介词短语、从句等担任）。 eg：There are many apple trees in the village.（村子里有很多苹果树。）→ 名词作定语 I want something to eat.（我想吃点东西。）→ 不定式作定语 定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 eg：He is the man who lives next door.（他就是住在隔壁的那个男人。） I like the dress that my mother bought for me.（我喜欢我妈妈给我买的那条裙子。） 2.分类： 定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 （1）限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，省去后句意不完整或改变。 eg：The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.（我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。） （2）非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间用逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如果省去，意思仍然完整。 eg：Michael Jackson，who is the greatest singer in the world，passed away in 2009.（迈克尔·杰克逊，这位世界上最伟大的歌手，于2009年去世了。） 3.先行词与关系词： （1）被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 eg：I like the house which we live in.（我喜欢我们住的那栋房子。） →先行词：the house 关系词：which 定语从句：we live in （2）关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 指人：who作主语，whom作宾语 关系代词 指物：which作主语，宾语 关系词 指人或物：that作主语、宾语、表语，whose作定语 指时间：when作时间状语 关系副词 指地点：where作地点状语 指原因：why作原因状语 关系词 指 代 在定语从句中的作用 that 既指人也指物 作主语、宾语 which 指物 作主语、宾语 who 指人 作主语 whom 指人 作宾语 whose 既指人也指物 作定语 4. 做题步骤： ①判断从句完整性 先行词是人→who、that、whom、whose ②缺成分 → 找关系代词 → 先行词是物→which、that、whose 先行词表时间：when ③不缺成分 → 找关系副词 → 先行词表地点：where 先行词表原因：why 5.关系代词只能用that的情况： 先行词是物时，一般情况下既可用that也可用which，只能用that的情况如下： ①当先行词为不定代词时，只能用that，如all，everything、something、anything、nothing、none、the one等。 eg：There is nothing that I can do for you.（我没什么能为你做的。） ②当先行词被the only、the very、the last、all、no、little等词修饰时，只能用that。 eg：This is the very book that I’m looking for.（这正是我在找的那本书。） ③先行词被序数词修饰时，只能用that。 eg：This is the first textbook that I studied in the middle school.（这是我中学时学习的第一本教科书。） ④先行词为最高级或被最高级修饰时，只能用that。 eg：This is the most beautiful mountain that I have ever seen.（这是我见过的最美的山。） ⑤先行词既有人又有物时，只能用that。 eg：He told us many interesting things and persons that we had never known.（他告诉了我们许多我们从未听说过的有趣的人和事。） 6.关系代词只能用which的情况： ①关系代词前有介词时，只能用which。 eg：This is the building in which he lives.（这就是他住的那栋楼。） ②先行词本身是that时，关系词只能用which。 eg：That which is on the table is mine.（桌子上的那个东西是我的。） ③引导非限定性的定语从句（先行词是物且先行词与关系词用逗号分开），用which。 eg：His book，which was lost last week，has been found now.（他的书，上周丢失的那本，现在已经找到了。） 7.关系代词只能用who的情况： 先行词是人时，一般情况下既可用who也可用that，但以下情况只能用who： ①当先行词为those、one、ones、anyone且作主语时，只能用who。 eg：Those who are singing are all my classmates.（那些正在唱歌的人都是我的同班同学。） ②在there be句型中，先行词指人时，只能用who，指物是用that。 eg：There is a girl who expects to see you.（有个女孩想见你。） ③当先行词是I、you、he、they等时，只能用who。 eg：He who plays with fire gets burned.（玩火者必自焚。） 8.who和whom的区别： who在从句中充当主语（在口语中也可以充当宾语）；whom在从句中充当宾语。 一般情况下，who可以代替whom，但当从句缺宾语且有介词时，只能用whom。 eg：The man who is talking to Marry is my teacher.（正在和玛丽说话的那个人是我的老师。） The man whom Marry is talking to is my teacher. The man who/whom you met yesterday is Mike.（你昨天遇到的那个人是迈克。） 9.关系代词whose： whose表示所属关系，表示“……的”，如果先行词与从句中的名词存在所属关系，就用whose。 eg：The girl whose parents work in Beijing is Kate.（那个父母在北京工作的女孩是凯特。） I know the boy whose handwriting is very good.（我认识那个字写得很好的男孩。） 10.由关系副词与“介词+关系代词”的互换： where = in/at + which when = in/on/at + which why = for + which eg：Is this the house where you lived？（这就是你住过的那栋房子吗？） ＝Is this the house in which you lived？ ＝Is this the house which you lived in？ 11.that、who、which在定语从句作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。 限制性定语从句专项练习 一、单项选择题： 1.—Have you found the information about the famous scientists ________ you can use for the report? —Not yet. I’ll search some on the Internet. A．who B．which C．whom D．what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：—你找到可以用来写报告的关于著名科学家的资料了吗？—还没有。我会在互联网上搜索一些。 根据the information about the famous scientists...you can use for the report可知，先行词是information，指物，定语从句中缺少动词use的宾语，可用which来引导定语从句。 2.This is the best calligraphy work ________ has been shown in the museum this year. A．which B．who C．that D．/ 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这是今年在博物馆展出的最好的书法作品。 which哪一个；who谁；that那个。根据句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词calligraphy work，关系词在从句中作主语，且先行词被最高级the best修饰，此时关系代词只能用that。 3.Everything ________ you have learned is very useful. A．which B．who C．that D．what 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你所学的一切都非常有用。 which哪一个，指物；who谁，指人；that那个，指人或物；what什么。根据Everything…you have learned可知，先行词是不定代词Everything，当先行词是不定代词时，关系代词通常用that而不用which。应填入that。 4.I love musicians ________ can write their own songs. A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我喜欢那些能自己创作歌曲的音乐家。 which指物；who指人，作主语；whom指人，作宾语；whose谁的。先行词musicians指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who。 5.The restaurant ________ we had dinner last night was very nice. A．which B．where C．who D．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们昨晚吃晚饭的那家餐馆非常好。 which哪个/哪一个（关系代词，指物，作主语或宾语）；where在哪里（关系副词，指地点，作状语）；who谁（关系代词，指人，作主语或宾语）；when什么时候（关系副词，指时间，作状语）。先行词the restaurant指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语（we had dinner at the restaurant），故应用where引导定语从句。 6.People ______ overweight need more water than thin people. A．who is B．which are C．that is D．who are 【答案】D 【详解】试题分析：句意：胖人比瘦人需要更多的水。 考查定语从句。本句中先行词people表示复数含义，故定语从句中谓语动词用复数，在定语从句中先行词只人用who;选D。 7.Yesterday Kate explained the reason ________ she was late to me. A．what B．because C．if D．why 【答案】D 【详解】句意：昨天凯特向我解释了她迟到的原因。 考查定语从句引导词。what什么；because因为；if如果；why为什么。先行词是the reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，应用why引导。故选D。 8.Teenagers shouldn’t buy too many shoes and clothes ________ prices go ________ their parents’ ability to pay. A．who, above B．whose, beyond C．whose, over D．who, behind 【答案】B 【详解】句意：青少年不应该买太多价格超过父母支付能力的鞋子和衣服。 考查定语从句和介词辨析。who谁；whose谁的；above在……上；over超过，多指数量；beyond超过，多指能力；behind在……后。第一空引导定语从句且在从句中作定语，表示“鞋子和衣服的”，所以选填whose；根据their parents’ ability to pay可知，此处指超出父母的购买力，go beyond“超出”。故选B。 9.We have decided to sell five things ________ we no longer use. A．that B．where C．who D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们决定卖掉五件我们不再使用的东西。 考查定语从句。此处含定语从句，先行词是five things，指物，引导词在从句中作宾语，故选A。 10.I like to read the book ________ was written by Han Han. A．who B．where C．what D．which 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我喜欢读韩寒写的那本书。 考查定语从句引导词辨析。定语从句中的引导词分为关系代词和关系副词两类：关系代词在句中起代词的作用，可充当从句的主语/宾语/表语/定语；关系副词起副词的作用，在从句中主要做状语，表示时间、地点、方式或原因。A. who关系代词，先行词是人；B. where关系副词，先行词是地点；C. what不引导定语从句；D. which关系代词，先行词是物。句中的the book是物，不可用who和where引导，根据句意结构，从句中缺了主语，需用关系代词充当，故选D。 二、定语从句关系词填空： 11.The pen ________ you gave me writes very smoothly. 【答案】which/that 【详解】句意：你送给我的这支笔书写起来非常顺滑。 主句主语为The pen，谓语是writes，空格后是定语从句，修饰先行词the pen，关系代词在从句中作gave的宾语，关系代词用that或which。故填which；that。 12.The woman ________ you saw yesterday is my aunt. 【答案】whom/who/that 【详解】句意：你昨天看见的那个女人是我的阿姨。 先行词是the woman，指人，在从句you saw yesterday中作动词saw的宾语，因此应用关系代词whom（正式书面语中作宾语）。口语中也常用who或that替代。故填whom或who或that。 13.Is there anything ________ you don’t understand? 【答案】that 【详解】句意：你还有什么不明白的吗？ 分析句子结构可知，此处考查定语从句，先行词是复合不定代词anything，应用that引导定语从句。故填that。 14.This is the car for ________ he paid fifty thousand dollars. 【答案】which 【详解】句意：这就是他花了五万美元买的那辆车。 分析句子可知for ... he paid fifty thousand dollars是定语从句，用来修饰先行词car；由于car是物，for是介词，所以空格处填关系代词which，故填which。 15.—Is there anyone ________ name is Betty? —Sorry, I don’t know. 【答案】whose 【详解】句意：—有人的名字是Betty吗？—对不起，我不知道。 此句是定语从句，anyone是先行词，空处是作定语，修饰名词name，应用whose引导定语从句。故填whose。 三、完成句子： 16.喜欢参观艺术展的人通常很有创造力。 People ________ enjoy visiting art shows are usually creative. 【答案】who/that 【详解】先行词people指人，定语从句缺主语，可用关系代词who或that来引导定语从句。 17.He studied the movements of shrimps. The movements helped him paint better.  （合并为含定语从句的复合句） ____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】He studied the movements of shrimps which helped him paint better. / He studied the movements of shrimps that helped him paint better. 【详解】句意：他研究虾的活动轨迹，这些轨迹帮助他画得更好。 题干要求将两个独立句子合并成含定语从句的复合句，第一句中的the movements of shrimps与第二句中的The movements指代相同，两句重复的名词movements作先行词，可选用关系代词which或that引导定语从句，二者在从句内充当主语，替换重复出现的名词，主句语序保持原样，从句衔接在先行词后方，时态统一沿用一般过去时。限制性定语从句修饰事物作主语时which、that均可使用。 18.我们昨天参观的那个博物馆很有名。 The museum ________ ________ ________ yesterday is very famous. 【答案】which/that we visited 【详解】原句中“我们昨天参观的”是关键词，“我们”对应we，人称代词主格；“参观”对应动词visit，时间状语yesterday说明从句时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式visited；The museum是先行词，指物，定语从句可用关系代词which/that引导。 19.我知道他是那种永不言弃的人。 I know he is the kind of person ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】who never gives up 【详解】原句中“那种……的人”和“永不言弃”是关键词，the kind of person后接定语从句修饰person，需用关系代词who；本句描述的是事实，为一般现在时，表示“从不放弃”的短语是never give up，主语是单数，动词改为三单形式。故填who；never；gives；up。 20.This is the gift. I got it from my mother on my birthday. (合并为定语从句) This is the gift ________ ________ ________ from my mother on my birthday. 【答案】that/which I got 【详解】句意：这就是我生日那天从妈妈那里收到的礼物。 先行词the gift是事物，定语从句可用关系代词that/which指代先行词，在从句中作got的宾语；从句主语为I，原句动词got为一般过去式，直接沿用即可。 四、选词填空题： A.用适当的关系代词that/which填空 21．It is the most interesting story I have read. 22．Did you understand all you read in that book? 23．Jack is no longer the person I met five years ago. 24．Everything happened at that moment seemed unreal. 25．I don’t like the house he lives in. 【答案】21．that 22．that 23．that 24．that 25．which/that 【详解】21．句意：这是我读过的最有趣的故事。 the most interesting是形容词最高级，先行词有最高级修饰，用that。故填that。 22．句意：你明白你在那本书里读到的所有内容吗？ 先行词是all定语从句用that引导，故填that。 23．句意：杰克不再是我五年前遇见的样子。 先行词有no longer修饰，定语从句由that引导，故填that。 24．句意：一切在那个时候发生的事情都看起来不真实。 先行词是everything不定代词，定语从句由that引导，故填that。 25．句意：我不喜欢他居住的房子。 此处先行词是the house，前无特殊词修饰，可用that或which。故填which/that。 B.用who、whom、whose、which或that填空 26．A clock is a machine tells people the time. 27．The panda is a kind of animal can be found in China. 28．April 1st is the day is called April Fool’s Day in the West. 29．Where is the woman watch was stolen yesterday? 30．The woman you visited last week is a famous writer. 31．The man is standing at the door is our English teacher. 32．His father works in the factory is the oldest one in the city. 33．The woman I talked to just now is my aunt. 34．He lost a bike cost him 500 yuan. 35．Tom was the first boy left the classroom. 【答案】26．that/which 27．that/which 28．which/that 29．whose 30．who/whom/that 31．who/that 32．which/that 33．who/whom/that 34．that/which 35．that 【详解】26．句意：时钟是一种告诉人们时间的机器。 分析题干可知，空格处是定语从句的关系词，在从句中作主语，先行词是machine，指物，所以此定语从句可用that或which引导。故填that/which。 27．句意：熊猫是一种可以在中国找到的动物。 分析题干可知，空格处是定语从句的关系词，在从句中作主语，先行词是animal，指物，所以此定语从句可用that或which引导。故填that/which。 28．句意：4月1日这一天在西方被称为愚人节。 分析题干可知，空格处是定语从句的关系词，在从句中作主语，先行词是day，指物，所以此定语从句可用which或that引导。故填which/that。 29．句意：昨天手表被偷的那个女人在哪里？ 分析题干可知，空格处是定语从句的关系词，在从句中作定语，修饰空后的名词watch，先行词是woman，指人，所以此定语从句应用whose引导。故填whose。 30．句意：你上周拜访的那个女人是一位著名的作家。 分析题干可知，空格处是定语从句的关系词，在从句中作宾语，先行词是woman，指人，所以此定语从句可用who、whom或that引导。故填who/whom/that。 31．句意：站在门口的那个人是我们的英语老师。 分析题干可知，空格处是定语从句的关系词，在从句中作主语，先行词是man，指人，所以此定语从句可用who或that引导。故填who/that。 32．句意：他的父亲在这座城市最古老的工厂工作。 分析题干可知，空格处是定语从句的关系词，在从句中作主语，先行词是factory，指物，所以此定语从句可用which或that引导。故填which/that。 33．句意：刚才和我说话的那个女人是我的阿姨。 分析题干可知，空格处是定语从句的关系词，在从句中作宾语，先行词是woman，指人，所以此定语从句可用who、whom或that引导。故填who/whom/that。 34．句意：他丢了一辆花了他500元的自行车。 分析题干可知，空格处是定语从句的关系词，在从句中作主语，先行词是bike，指物，所以此定语从句可用that或which引导。故填that/which。 35．句意：汤姆是第一个离开教室的男孩。 分析题干可知，空格处是定语从句的关系词，在从句中作主语，先行词是boy，指人，且先行词被序数词first修饰，所以只能用that引导此定语从句。故填that。 拓展：非限制性定语从句专项练习 1.Bi Sheng developed movable type printing, ________ helped spread knowledge around the world. A．who B．which C．what D．whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：毕昇发明了活字印刷术，它帮助知识在世界范围内传播。 who谁（指人）；which哪个（指物）；what什么；whom谁（指人，宾格）。先行词movable type printing指物，且在从句中作主语，应用which引导非限制性定语从句。 2.________ we all know, China is a great country. A．That B．Which C．As D．What 【答案】C 【详解】句意：众所周知，中国是一个伟大的国家。 That那个；Which哪一个；As正如；What什么。此处应用As引导非限制性定语从句，固定结构as we all know“众所周知”，as指代后面整句话的内容。 3.Beethoven, ________ composed many famous symphonies, lived a tough life in his later years. A．who B．which C．whom D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：贝多芬创作了许多著名的交响曲，晚年过着艰难的生活。 who谁；which哪个；whom谁；whose谁的。先行词是Beethoven，指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导非限制性定语从句。 4.I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ________ help I would never have got this far. A．who B．whose C．whom D．which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我想要感谢史密斯教授，没有他的帮助我就不会走得这么远。 who谁；whose谁的；whom谁（宾格）；which哪个。分析句子可知，先行词为Professor Smith，空处修饰名词help，表示所属关系，意为“教授的”，因此使用关系代词whose。 5.He is old, ________ is important in this case. 【答案】which 【详解】句意：他年纪大了，这一点在这件事里很关键。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的整个句子He is old，作主语，用which。 6.________, water is the most important resource in the world. (众所周知) 【答案】As we all know/As is known to all/As everyone knows 【详解】句意：众所周知，水是世界上最重要的资源。众所周知：as we all know/as is known to all/as everyone knows；用as引导定语从句，故填as we all know/as is known to all/as everyone knows。 7.用that, which, who完成下列句子 ①Spaceships is a vehicle are now mainly controlled by electronics. ②Liu Yang is an astronaut was the first woman astronaut to travel into space. ③This is the pen I used to write with, my grandfather gave to me. ④In all the places of interest, there are things tourists should not miss. ⑤Mr. Li is a man means what he says. 【答案】①that/which ②who/that ③that which ④that/which ⑤who/that 【详解】①句意：宇宙飞船是一种交通工具，现在主要由电子设备控制。 此句是定语从句，先行词spaceships指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用that或which。故填that/which。 ②句意：刘洋是一名宇航员，她是第一位进入太空的女宇航员。 此句是定语从句，先行词Liu Yang指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用that或who。故填who/that。 ③句意：这是我以前写字用的钢笔，是我祖父给我的。 分析句子可知，前句是限制性定语从句，后句是非限制性定语从句。从第二句入手，先行词是指前句“以前写字用的钢笔”，应用which引导非限制定语从句；第一句先行词pen是物，关系词在从句中作宾语，正常可以使用that或which，又因后句已有which，为了防止重复，这里不用which，用that引导限制性定语从句。故填that；which。 ④句意：在所有的名胜古迹中，都有游客不应该错过的东西。 此句是定语从句，先行词things指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用that或which。故填that/which。 ⑤句意：李先生是一个说话算数的人。 此句是定语从句，先行词man指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用that或who。故填who/that。 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册暑期语法预习—定语从句（含对应专项练习） ★核心知识点 1.概念： 定语：用来修饰名词、代词的句子成分（可由形容词、名词、动名词、副词、不定式、介词短语、从句等担任）。 eg：There are many apple trees in the village.（村子里有很多苹果树。）→ 名词作定语 I want something to eat.（我想吃点东西。）→ 不定式作定语 定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 eg：He is the man who lives next door.（他就是住在隔壁的那个男人。） I like the dress that my mother bought for me.（我喜欢我妈妈给我买的那条裙子。） 2.分类： 定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 （1）限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，省去后句意不完整或改变。 eg：The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.（我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。） （2）非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间用逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如果省去，意思仍然完整。 eg：Michael Jackson，who is the greatest singer in the world，passed away in 2009.（迈克尔·杰克逊，这位世界上最伟大的歌手，于2009年去世了。） 3.先行词与关系词： （1）被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 eg：I like the house which we live in.（我喜欢我们住的那栋房子。） →先行词：the house 关系词：which 定语从句：we live in （2）关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 指人：who作主语，whom作宾语 关系代词 指物：which作主语，宾语 关系词 指人或物：that作主语、宾语、表语，whose作定语 指时间：when作时间状语 关系副词 指地点：where作地点状语 指原因：why作原因状语 关系词 指 代 在定语从句中的作用 that 既指人也指物 作主语、宾语 which 指物 作主语、宾语 who 指人 作主语 whom 指人 作宾语 whose 既指人也指物 作定语 4. 做题步骤： ①判断从句完整性 先行词是人→who、that、whom、whose ②缺成分 → 找关系代词 → 先行词是物→which、that、whose 先行词表时间：when ③不缺成分 → 找关系副词 → 先行词表地点：where 先行词表原因：why 5.关系代词只能用that的情况： 先行词是物时，一般情况下既可用that也可用which，只能用that的情况如下： ①当先行词为不定代词时，只能用that，如all，everything、something、anything、nothing、none、the one等。 eg：There is nothing that I can do for you.（我没什么能为你做的。） ②当先行词被the only、the very、the last、all、no、little等词修饰时，只能用that。 eg：This is the very book that I’m looking for.（这正是我在找的那本书。） ③先行词被序数词修饰时，只能用that。 eg：This is the first textbook that I studied in the middle school.（这是我中学时学习的第一本教科书。） ④先行词为最高级或被最高级修饰时，只能用that。 eg：This is the most beautiful mountain that I have ever seen.（这是我见过的最美的山。） ⑤先行词既有人又有物时，只能用that。 eg：He told us many interesting things and persons that we had never known.（他告诉了我们许多我们从未听说过的有趣的人和事。） 6.关系代词只能用which的情况： ①关系代词前有介词时，只能用which。 eg：This is the building in which he lives.（这就是他住的那栋楼。） ②先行词本身是that时，关系词只能用which。 eg：That which is on the table is mine.（桌子上的那个东西是我的。） ③引导非限定性的定语从句（先行词是物且先行词与关系词用逗号分开），用which。 eg：His book，which was lost last week，has been found now.（他的书，上周丢失的那本，现在已经找到了。） 7.关系代词只能用who的情况： 先行词是人时，一般情况下既可用who也可用that，但以下情况只能用who： ①当先行词为those、one、ones、anyone且作主语时，只能用who。 eg：Those who are singing are all my classmates.（那些正在唱歌的人都是我的同班同学。） ②在there be句型中，先行词指人时，只能用who，指物是用that。 eg：There is a girl who expects to see you.（有个女孩想见你。） ③当先行词是I、you、he、they等时，只能用who。 eg：He who plays with fire gets burned.（玩火者必自焚。） 8.who和whom的区别： who在从句中充当主语（在口语中也可以充当宾语）；whom在从句中充当宾语。 一般情况下，who可以代替whom，但当从句缺宾语且有介词时，只能用whom。 eg：The man who is talking to Marry is my teacher.（正在和玛丽说话的那个人是我的老师。） The man whom Marry is talking to is my teacher. The man who/whom you met yesterday is Mike.（你昨天遇到的那个人是迈克。） 9.关系代词whose： whose表示所属关系，表示“……的”，如果先行词与从句中的名词存在所属关系，就用whose。 eg：The girl whose parents work in Beijing is Kate.（那个父母在北京工作的女孩是凯特。） I know the boy whose handwriting is very good.（我认识那个字写得很好的男孩。） 10.由关系副词与“介词+关系代词”的互换： where = in/at + which when = in/on/at + which why = for + which eg：Is this the house where you lived？（这就是你住过的那栋房子吗？） ＝Is this the house in which you lived？ ＝Is this the house which you lived in？ 11.that、who、which在定语从句作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。 限制性定语从句专项练习 一、单项选择题： 1.—Have you found the information about the famous scientists ________ you can use for the report? —Not yet. I’ll search some on the Internet. A．who B．which C．whom D．what 2.This is the best calligraphy work ________ has been shown in the museum this year. A．which B．who C．that D．/ 3.Everything ________ you have learned is very useful. A．which B．who C．that D．what 4.I love musicians ________ can write their own songs. A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 5.The restaurant ________ we had dinner last night was very nice. A．which B．where C．who D．when 6.People ______ overweight need more water than thin people. A．who is B．which are C．that is D．who are 7.Yesterday Kate explained the reason ________ she was late to me. A．what B．because C．if D．why 8.Teenagers shouldn’t buy too many shoes and clothes ________ prices go ________ their parents’ ability to pay. A．who, above B．whose, beyond C．whose, over D．who, behind 9.We have decided to sell five things ________ we no longer use. A．that B．where C．who D．whose 10.I like to read the book ________ was written by Han Han. A．who B．where C．what D．which 二、定语从句关系词填空： 11.The pen ________ you gave me writes very smoothly. 12.The woman ________ you saw yesterday is my aunt. 13.Is there anything ________ you don’t understand? 14.This is the car for ________ he paid fifty thousand dollars. 15.—Is there anyone ________ name is Betty? —Sorry, I don’t know. 三、完成句子： 16.喜欢参观艺术展的人通常很有创造力。 People ________ enjoy visiting art shows are usually creative. 17.He studied the movements of shrimps. The movements helped him paint better.  （合并为含定语从句的复合句） ____________________________________________________________________ 18.我们昨天参观的那个博物馆很有名。 The museum ________ ________ ________ yesterday is very famous. 19.我知道他是那种永不言弃的人。 I know he is the kind of person ________ ________ ________ ________. 20.This is the gift. I got it from my mother on my birthday. (合并为定语从句) This is the gift ________ ________ ________ from my mother on my birthday. 四、选词填空题： A.用适当的关系代词that/which填空 21．It is the most interesting story I have read. 22．Did you understand all you read in that book? 23．Jack is no longer the person I met five years ago. 24．Everything happened at that moment seemed unreal. 25．I don’t like the house he lives in. B.用who、whom、whose、which或that填空 26．A clock is a machine tells people the time. 27．The panda is a kind of animal can be found in China. 28．April 1st is the day is called April Fool’s Day in the West. 29．Where is the woman watch was stolen yesterday? 30．The woman you visited last week is a famous writer. 31．The man is standing at the door is our English teacher. 32．His father works in the factory is the oldest one in the city. 33．The woman I talked to just now is my aunt. 34．He lost a bike cost him 500 yuan. 35．Tom was the first boy left the classroom. 拓展：非限制性定语从句专项练习 1.Bi Sheng developed movable type printing, ________ helped spread knowledge around the world. A．who B．which C．what D．whom 2.________ we all know, China is a great country. A．That B．Which C．As D．What 3.Beethoven, ________ composed many famous symphonies, lived a tough life in his later years. A．who B．which C．whom D．whose 4.I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ________ help I would never have got this far. A．who B．whose C．whom D．which 5.He is old, ________ is important in this case. 6.________, water is the most important resource in the world. (众所周知) 7.用that, which, who完成下列句子 ①Spaceships is a vehicle are now mainly controlled by electronics. ②Liu Yang is an astronaut was the first woman astronaut to travel into space. ③This is the pen I used to write with, my grandfather gave to me. ④In all the places of interest, there are things tourists should not miss. ⑤Mr. Li is a man means what he says. 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $