Unit 4 Changing and Growing 单元综合素养培优卷-2026 - 2027学年八年级英语上册仁爱科普版

2026 - 2027学年八年级英语上册单元综合素养培优卷仁爱科普版 （新教材）Unit 4 Changing and Growing 注意事项 1. 全卷满分120分。考试时间120分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在指定区域，答在非答题区无效。 2. 请认真核对监考教师在所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在本试卷上。 3. 答选择题必须用2B铅笔将对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效 。 第一部分 选择题（满分：60分） 一、单项选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分） 1．After an open and honest talk, Li Xiang was glad ________ his parents’ support. A．receive B．to receive C．receiving D．received 2．Li Xiang’s parents didn’t allow him ________ singing because they thought it was a waste of time. A．learn B．to learn C．learning D．learned 3．Li Xiang wrote to Uncle Wang for ________ because he had a problem. A．fun B．help C．money D．time 4．Li Xiang signed up for a music club ________ his singing skills. A．improve B．to improve C．improving D．improved 5．Li Xiang was ________ and didn’t know what to do. A．excited B．happy C．disappointed D．relaxed 6．What ________ you ________ at this time yesterday? A．were; doing B．was; doing C．did; do D．are; doing 7．You were doing very well yesterday. Be ________ and you’ll succeed. A．helpful B．hopeful C．hopeless D．helpless 8．The apps are very useful to pay online, but they are ________ without a cellphone. A．useful B．helpful C．careful D．useless 9．—Good news! You’ve passed the driving test. —Hooray! ________, I’ve been really worried about it these days. A．No way B．Sounds great C．At first D．To tell the truth 10．—What do you think of good friends? — They should be ________, kind and helpful. We can trust them. A．lazy B．honest C．shy D．careless 11．The old man lives ________, and we hope that he won’t feel ________ with the help of kind people. A．alone; lonely B．alone; alone C．lonely; alone D．lonely; lonely 12．Good friends should be ________ and never tell lies to each other. A．honest B．humorous C．energetic D．slim 13．—Mum, it’s half past seven now. I’m going to be late. —________ Your father will drive you to school. A．Don’t worry. B．Well done. C．Good idea. D．You’re welcome. 14．In some smart cities, people take ________ types of waste to special recycling centers. A．serious B．certain C．positive D．slight 15．—Mum, don’t worry about me. I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing. —________, my dear. A．It depends B．You’re right C．Takes a lot D．Take care 二、完形填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分） 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择能填入文中空白处的最佳选项。 I usually find a seat and start looking at my phone. Like everyone else, I try not to look at or talk to any people on the train. Then, twenty minutes later, I 16 .To tell the truth, my journey home is 17 special. But last Tuesday was quite different. I was happily looking out of the window 18 the train suddenly stopped. After five minutes, I found people starting to get a bit 19 . Fifteen minutes later, the notice 20 , “Dear passengers (乘客), we are sorry we have to wait for two more hours. A train just 21 in front of us.” There was a loud sigh (叹息) on the train, but soon something 22 happened: all people started talking to each other. At first, everyone 23 complained (抱怨) about the trains. Then people started talking about something else. I also 24 talking to a man next to me about work. After that, I walked down the train and 25 to meet a woman who had been a student learning medicine at my school before. A young woman took her guitar and soon the crowd was 26 along. When enjoying the music, we heard a boy who felt uncomfortable crying for help, and the woman at my school took 27 quickly. We found she was a doctor, and when coming back, she was 28 as a hero. Then, after two hours, the train started 29 again. “Great!” Everyone laughed. I took the train again on Wednesday, but 30 of my new “friends” were there. Although people were polite (礼貌的), they weren’t nearly as friendly as the people the day before. I’ll never forget the special experience that day. 16．A．get on B．get off C．get up D．get back 17．A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 18．A．because B．when C．before D．since 19．A．upset B．sad C．angry D．sleepy 20．A．added B．rang C．came D．sounded 21．A．broke up B．broke in C．broke out D．broke down 22．A．wrong B．surprising C．unlucky D．dangerous 23．A．even B．just C．hardly D．already 24．A．began B．remembered C．practiced D．meant 25．A．decided B．agreed C．happened D．expected 26．A．getting B．singing C．playing D．reading 27．A．help B．trouble C．difficulty D．action 28．A．painted B．shaped C．welcomed D．invited 29．A．moving B．walking C．stopping D．meeting 30．A．none B．some C．all D．one 三、阅读单选（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分） A A Difficult Choice My name is Zhang Wei. I am a middle school student. I love playing the piano. I have been playing it since I was six years old. My piano teacher says I have a lot of talent. Last year, I signed up for a piano competition. I practiced very hard every day. I was very excited about it. However, my parents were worried. They said, “You are spending too much time on the piano. Your grades are dropping. You need to focus on your studies.” I felt very upset. I didn’t know what to do. I loved the piano, but I also wanted to do well in school. I decided to talk to my parents. I told them that piano was my passion. I also promised to work harder on my studies. I made a plan to manage my time better. My parents were very understanding. They agreed to let me continue playing the piano as long as I kept my grades up. Now, I practice the piano for one hour every day and I also study hard. I feel much happier and less stressed. I learned that communication with parents is very important. 31．What did Zhang Wei sign up for last year? A．A music club. B．A piano competition. C．A singing competition. D．A sports event. 32．Why were Zhang Wei’s parents worried? A．Because he spent too much time on the piano and his grades were dropping. B．Because he didn’t like playing the piano anymore. C．Because he wanted to quit school. D．Because he didn’t have any friends. 33．What did Zhang Wei promise his parents? A．To quit playing the piano. B．To work harder on his studies. C．To join a music club. D．To take piano lessons every day. 34．How did Zhang Wei feel after talking to his parents? A．Upset and stressed. B．Happier and less stressed. C．Angry and disappointed. D．Bored and tired. 35．What lesson did Zhang Wei learn from this experience? A．Playing the piano is a waste of time. B．Communication with parents is very important. C．He should quit playing the piano. D．His parents don’t understand him. B The Power of Positive Words Words have great power. They can make us feel happy or sad, hopeful or hopeless. The words we use every day can have a big impact on our mental health and relationships. When we use positive words, we can encourage ourselves and others. For example, telling someone “You can do it!” can make them feel more confident. Saying “Thank you for your help” can make others feel appreciated. Positive words can build trust and strengthen relationships. On the other hand, negative words can be hurtful and harmful. Words like “You’re useless” or “You never do anything right” can damage a person’s self-esteem. They can make people feel helpless and hopeless. It is important to be careful with our words and think before we speak. In conclusion, we should try to use more positive words in our daily lives. A kind word can go a long way. It can make someone’s day better and create a more supportive and joyful environment. 36．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Words have great power and we should use positive words. B．Negative words are sometimes necessary. C．Only adults need to be careful with words. D．Words don’t really matter. 37．What effect can positive words have on people? A．They can make people feel hopeless. B．They can encourage and make people feel confident. C．They can make people angry. D．They have no effect. 38．What is an example of a negative expression mentioned in the passage? A．“You’re helpful.” B．“You’re useless.” C．“You’re careful.” D．“You’re hopeful.” 39．Why should we think before we speak? A．Because we might say something hurtful. B．Because it is a rule. C．Because it takes less time. D．Because we might forget what to say. 40．What does the author suggest we do? A．Use more positive words. B．Avoid talking to people. C．Only use negative words. D．Never give compliments. C Our Amazing Five Senses Our five senses are amazing gifts that help us understand and enjoy the world around us. They allow us to see, hear, smell, taste, and touch. Each sense has its own special role, and together they make our lives rich and meaningful. Vision is the sense that allows us to see. Through our eyes, we can enjoy the beauty of nature, read books, and see the faces of our loved ones. Without vision, life would be very different. Hearing lets us enjoy music, hear the voices of our friends, and listen to important information. The sense of taste helps us enjoy the flavors of different foods. It also warns us when something is not good to eat. Smell is closely connected to taste. It helps us enjoy food and also warns us of danger, like smoke or gas. Touch allows us to feel textures, temperatures, and pain. It helps us connect with the world and with others. Our senses also help us deal with stress. When we feel anxious, taking a deep breath and smelling something pleasant can help us relax. Listening to calm music can also make us feel better. Our senses are truly wonderful and we should cherish them. 41．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The five senses are not very important. B．The five senses help us enjoy life and deal with stress. C．Only vision and hearing are useful. D．We don’t need our senses in daily life. 42．Which sense can warn us of danger like smoke or gas? A．Vision. B．Hearing. C．Taste. D．Smell. 43．How does touch help us? A．It helps us see beautiful things. B．It helps us enjoy music. C．It helps us feel textures and connect with others. D．It helps us taste food. 44．What does the passage say about dealing with stress? A．We should ignore stress. B．Taking a deep breath and smelling something pleasant can help. C．Only eating can help. D．We should listen to loud music. 45．What does the author suggest we do with our senses? A．Ignore them. B．Use only one of them. C．Cherish them. D．Forget about them. 第二部分 非选择题（满分：60分） 四、词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 46．After that, my parents started ________ (understand) my love for music. 47．I like listening to soft music. The music makes me feel ________ (calmly). 48．The music teacher helped me ________ (improve) my singing skills. 49．She felt ________ (nervous) because she had to give a speech in front of the whole school. 50．Smoking is ________ (harm). No one should smoke in public. 51．Answering the teacher’s question correctly gave him more ________ (信心). 52．My parents never ________ (争论) with each other about small things at home. 53．Taking a deep ________ (呼吸) can help you relax when you are nervous. 54．I think good friends should be ________ (诚实的) with each other. 55．Han Lin didn’t pass the exam. How ________ (沮丧的) he was! 五、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 56．去年十月，我报名参加了一个音乐俱乐部。 Last October, I ________ ________ for a music club. 57．张老师建议我和父母进行一次坦诚的交谈。 Mrs. Zhang ________ me to have an ________ talk with my parents. 58．我尝了辣椒。我真是后悔做了那件事。 I ________ hot peppers. I really ________ doing that. 59．我感到很幸运在那里交到了一些好朋友。 I felt so ________ to ________ some good friends there. 60．你的老板不允许任何粗心的错误，所以你最好在工作中非常小心。 Your boss doesn’t allow any ________ mistakes, so you’d better be very ________ in your work. 六、短文语法填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格填入恰当的词，每空最多两个词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Cloisonne, or “copper wire enamel” (掐丝珐琅)  includes painting and other Chinese art skills. It first appeared as 61 (early) as the Spring and Autumn Period. After several 62 (century) of improvement, the art skill reached the top during the Ming Dynasty. Its fine and clear lines make people 63 (enjoy) them. Its bright and fantastic colors can keep fresh with time. The world of Cloisonne is colorful but not in a mess. This national treasure shows the ancient 64 (artist) love for life and strong wish towards beauty. Through 108 steps and getting fired again and again, artists have made it a wonderful work of Chinese culture. Looking back on history, people have tried 65 (they) best to pass down the art skill to the present. It was used in palaces or on objects such 66 cups and pots. Nowadays, we break the traditional thinking, improve many tools, change the forms 67 cut down the steps. Everyone can try 68 (paint) on a piece of wood with Cloisonne. Esma, a foreign student from Shenzhen University, joined a Cloisonne experience activity. She said, “I’m so glad to be 69 part of this event today! It not only 70 (introduce) the traditional Chinese art skill, but also provided us the chance to communicate with others. It feels like we are a big family here, making me feel warm and connected.” 七、材料作文（本大题共25分） 71．每个人都有心情不好的时候。当情绪低落的时候，该怎样自我调节呢？有人通过旅行忘掉烦恼，有人通过倾听音乐换种心情，有人通过阅读找回快乐……某英语报社开展了以“How I Deal with My Bad Feelings”为题的征文活动。请你用英语写一篇短文，向报社投稿，谈谈你是怎样调节心情的。 写作要求：(1)文中需写出至少两种调节坏心情的方法，可适当发挥； (2)文中不得出现考生的真实姓名和学校名称; (3)词数80左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数)。 How I Deal with My Bad Feelings It’s common to feel sad when something bad happens to us. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案及试题解析 1．B 【解析】句意：经过一次坦诚的交谈后，李翔很高兴收到了父母的支持。 be glad to do sth.意为“高兴做某事”，形容词glad后接动词不定式作原因状语。应选to receive。 2．B 【解析】句意：李翔的父母不允许他学唱歌，因为他们认为那是浪费时间。 固定搭配allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”，空处作宾语补足语，应用动词不定式。应填to learn。 3．B 【解析】句意：李翔向王叔叔写信求助，因为他遇到了一个问题。 fun乐趣；help帮助；money钱；time时间。根据“because he had a problem”可知遇到了问题，推测出是需要寻求帮助。 4．B 【解析】句意：李响报名参加了一个音乐俱乐部以提高他的歌唱技巧。 此处表示报名参加俱乐部的目的是提高歌唱技巧，用动词不定式作目的状语。 5．C 【解析】句意：李翔很失望，不知道该怎么办。 excited兴奋的；happy快乐的；disappointed失望的；relaxed放松的。根据“didn’t know what to do”可知遇到了困难或挫折，心情应该是低落的，只有disappointed符合语境。 6．A 【解析】句意：昨天的这个时候你在做什么？ 根据时间状语“at this time yesterday”可知，句子表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，结构为was/were+doing。主语是you，be动词应用were。 7．B 【解析】句意：你昨天做得很好。要有希望，你就会成功。 helpful有帮助的；hopeful有希望的；hopeless没有希望的；helpless无助的。前句“You were doing very well yesterday”表明有成功的可能，后句“you’ll succeed”暗示要保持积极心态，hopeful“有希望的”符合语境；其他选项均不能与“you’ll succeed”形成正向逻辑，故选hopeful。 8．D 【解析】句意：这些应用程序对在线支付很有用，但没有手机它们是无用的。 useful有用的；helpful有帮助的；careful小心的；useless无用的。根据转折连词“but”可知前后句意相反，前半句提到“very useful”，后半句条件为“without a cellphone”，可知没有手机就无法使用，因此是“无用的”。故填useless。 9．D 【解析】句意：——好消息！你通过了驾驶考试。——好极了！说实话，这些天我真的一直很担心这件事。 No way没门，绝不；Sounds great听起来很不错；At first起初，一开始；To tell the truth说实话，老实说。根据答语后句“I’ve been really worried about it these days.”可知，说话人想要表达自己内心的真实担忧。To tell the truth用于引出真实想法，符合语境。 10．B 【解析】句意：——你认为好朋友怎么样？——他们应该是诚实的、善良且乐于助人的。我们可以信任他们。 lazy懒惰的；honest诚实的；shy害羞的；careless粗心的。根据“We can trust them.”可知，我们可以信任他们，说明好朋友应该是诚实的。 11．A 【解析】句意：这位老人独自居住，我们希望在好心人的帮助下他不会感到孤独。 alone独自地，侧重客观状态，可作副词，也可作形容词；lonely孤独的，侧重主观感受，只可作形容词。第一空修饰动词“lives”，表示“独自居住”，应用副词alone；第二空在 feel后作表语，表示“感到孤独”，应用形容词lonely。应填alone；lonely。 12．A 【解析】句意：好朋友应该是诚实的，并且彼此从不说谎。 honest诚实的；humorous幽默的；energetic精力充沛的；slim苗条的。根据“never tell lies”可知，此处应填与“不说谎”对应的“诚实的”，honest符合语境。 13．A 【解析】句意：——妈妈，现在七点半了。我要迟到了。——别担心。你爸爸会开车送你去学校。 Don’t worry.不要着急；Well done.做得好；Good idea.好主意；You’re welcome.别客气。根据上文孩子担心迟到，下文妈妈提出爸爸送学，可知妈妈在安慰孩子。A项表示安慰对方。 14．B 【解析】句意：在一些智慧城市，人们把某些种类的废物送到特殊的回收中心。 serious严重的；certain某些；特定的；positive积极的；slight轻微的。根据“to special recycling centers”可知，废物需要分类处理，此处指把“特定的/某些”种类的废物送去回收，符合语境。应填certain。 15．D 【解析】句意：——妈妈，别担心我。我一到北京就给你打电话。——保重，亲爱的。 It depends视情况而定；You’re right你是对的；Takes a lot花费很多；Take care保重。根据上文“Mum, don’t worry about me. I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.”可知，孩子要去北京并让妈妈别担心，妈妈应表示关心和嘱咐安全，应填Take care。 16．B 17．C 18．B 19．A 20．C 21．D 22．B 23．B 24．A 25．C 26．B 27．D 28．C 29．A 30．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在回家旅程中的一次特别经历，自己乘坐的火车因为前方火车故障而停止了，人们从刚开始的唉声叹气到最后的彼此交谈，这时一个小男孩生病了，一位女士救了这位小男孩。 16．句意：然后，二十分钟后，我下车。 get on上车；get off下车；get up起床；get back回来。根据上文“I usually find a seat”及“Then, twenty minutes later”可知，二十分钟后就下车了。故选B。 17．句意：说实话，我的回家之旅没什么特别的。 something某事；anything任何事；nothing没什么；everything一切。根据下文“But last Tuesday was quite different”可知，之前的回家之旅都没什么特别。故选C。 18．句意：我正高兴地望着窗外，火车突然停了下来。 because因为；when当……时；before在……之前；since自从。根据“I was happily looking out of the window… the train suddenly stopped”可知，此处是强调两个动作的同时发生，当火车停下来时，我正开心地望着窗外。故选B。 19．句意：五分钟后，我注意到人们开始变得有点不安。 upset心烦意乱的；sad难过的；angry生气的；sleepy困倦的。根据常识可知，火车突然停下来，在不知其原因的情况下，乘客会感到不安。故选A。 20．句意：15分钟后，通知来了。 added增加；rang打电话；came来；sounded听起来。根据“the notice”可知，此处是指广播来了通知。故选C。 21．句意：一列火车刚刚在我们面前发生故障了。 broke up破碎；broke in闯入；broke out爆发；broke down发生故障。根据上文“we are sorry we have to wait for two more hours”及“A train just … in front of us”可知，因为前面的火车发生了故障，所以导致这辆火车要多等一段时间。故选D。 22．句意：车厢里响起了一声响亮的叹息声，但很快发生了令人惊讶的事情。 wrong错误的；surprising令人惊讶的；unlucky不幸运的；dangerous危险的。根据上文“There was a loud sigh on the train”及下文“all people started talking to each other”可知，刚开始人们听到这个通告还唉声叹气，空格后又讲述人们开始彼此交谈，这是一种令人惊讶的改变。故选B。 23．句意：起初，每个人只是抱怨火车。 even甚至；just只是；hardly几乎不；already已经。根据“everyone … complained about the trains”和下文的“Then people started talking about something else.”可知，人们起初仅仅抱怨火车，后来开始谈论别的事情。故选B。 24．句意：我也开始和我旁边的男士谈论工作。 began开始；remembered记得；practiced练习；meant意味着。根据下文“talking to a man next to me about work.”可知，作者也开始和别人交谈。故选A。 25．句意：在那之后，我沿着车厢走动，碰巧遇到一位女士，她以前是我们学校学医的学生。 decided决定；agreed同意；happened碰巧；expected期待。根据“to meet a woman”可知，此处是指作者碰巧碰到了这个人。故选C。 26．句意：一个年轻女子拿着吉他，人群很快跟着一起唱起来。 getting得到；singing唱歌；playing玩；reading阅读。根据上文“A young woman took her guitar”及下文“When enjoying the music”可知，人们跟着这个女子的吉他一起唱起来。故选B。 27．句意：我学校的那位女士立即行动起来。 help帮助；trouble问题；difficulty困难；action行动。根据上文“we heard a boy who felt uncomfortable crying for help”及下文“We found she was a doctor, ”可知，看到有人需要救助，她立马行动起来。故选D。 28．句意：我们发现她是一名医生，当她回来时，人们把她当作英雄欢迎。 painted绘画；shaped使成形；welcomed欢迎；invited邀请。根据“when coming back, she was… as a hero”可知，回来时人们把她看成英雄来表示欢迎。故选C。 29．句意：然后，两个小时后，我们又开始移动。 moving移动；walking散步；stopping停止；meeting遇见。根据上文“Dear passengers, we are sorry we have to wait for two more hours.”可知，因为前方火车故障导致作者乘坐的火车停运，现在火车重新移动起来。故选A。 30．句意：星期三我又坐了一次火车，但是我的新“朋友”都不在那里。 none都不；some一些；all都；one一个。根据下文“Although people were polite, they weren’t nearly as friendly as the people the day before.”可知，之前那些朋友都不在这辆火车上，不确定数量的否定要用none。故选A。 31．B 32．A 33．B 34．B 35．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了中学生张伟热爱钢琴，但因练琴影响成绩导致父母担忧，最终通过主动沟通与父母达成共识，既保持了爱好又兼顾了学业，并体会到沟通重要性的故事。 【解析】31．第一段明确指出：“Last year, I signed up for a piano competition”，说明张伟去年报名参加的是钢琴比赛。 32．第二段指出：“You are spending too much time on the piano. Your grades are dropping”，说明父母担心是因为他花太多时间练琴且成绩下滑。 33．第三段指出：“I also promised to work harder on my studies”，说明他向父母承诺会更努力地学习。 34．最后一段明确指出：“I feel much happier and less stressed”，说明与父母谈话并达成计划后，他的感受是更快乐且压力更小。 35．最后一段指出：“I learned that communication with parents is very important”，说明他从这次经历中学到的教训是沟通的重要性。 36．A 37．B 38．B 39．A 40．A 【导语】本文围绕“词汇拥有巨大力量，我们应使用积极词汇”展开。 【解析】36．文章第一段开篇指出“Words have great power”，最后一段总结建议“In conclusion, we should try to use more positive words in our daily lives.”说明语言有巨大力量，我们应当使用积极的语言。选项A涵盖了文章的核心主题和建议。 37．根据第二段内容“When we use positive words, we can encourage ourselves and others...make them feel more confident.”，可知积极话语能鼓励人并增强自信。 38．根据第三段内容“Words like ‘You’re useless’ or ‘You never do anything right’ can damage a person’s self-esteem.”，文中明确列举了“You’re useless”作为负面话语的例子。 39．第三段“On the other hand, negative words can be hurtful and harmful.”先阐述了负面话语具有伤害性，随后提出“It is important to be careful with our words and think before we speak.”。由此推断，思考后再说是为了避免说出伤害他人的话。 40．根据文章最后一段结论部分“In conclusion, we should try to use more positive words in our daily lives.”，可知作者的建议是多用积极词汇。 41．B 42．D 43．C 44．B 45．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍人的五种感官各自的功能，说明感官丰富我们的生活，还可以帮助我们缓解压力。 【解析】41．通读全文可知，文章第一段引出五感，第二段详细介绍了各感官的作用（帮助我们享受生活），第三段提到感官还能帮助应对压力。选项B“五感帮助我们享受生活和应对压力”概括最全面准确。 42．根据第二段中关于嗅觉的描述“Smell...warns us of danger, like smoke or gas.”，可知是嗅觉。 43．根据第二段中关于触觉的描述“Touch allows us to feel textures... It helps us connect with the world and with others.”可知触觉允许我们感受纹理、帮助我们与世界和他人连接。 44．根据第三段中“When we feel anxious, taking a deep breath and smelling something pleasant can help us relax.”可知当我们感到焦虑时，深呼吸并闻一些令人愉悦的东西可以帮助我们放松。 45．根据文章最后一句“Our senses are truly wonderful and we should cherish them.”可知我们的感官真的很奇妙，应该珍惜它们。 46．to understand 【解析】句意：在那之后，我的父母开始理解我对音乐的热爱。固定搭配start to do sth.表示“开始做某事”，故填to understand。 47．calm 【解析】句意：我喜欢听轻柔的音乐，音乐让我感到平静。feel calm“感到平静”，使用形容词作表语。 48．improve 【解析】句意：音乐老师帮助我提高我的演唱技能。句中考查固定搭配“help sb. (to) do sth.”，表示“帮助某人做某事”，to可以省略，后面接动词原形，故填improve。 49．nervous 【解析】句意：她感到很紧张，因为她不得不在全校面前发表演讲。系动词“felt”后需接形容词作表语，“nervous”本身即为形容词，意为“紧张的”。 50．harmful 【解析】句意：吸烟是有害的。任何人都不应该在公共场所吸烟。harm“伤害，损害”，句中“is”为系动词，后面需要用形容词作表语，harm的形容词形式是harmful，意为“有害的”。 51． confidence 【解析】句意：正确回答老师的问题给了他更多的信心。空处需填名词作直接宾语，中文“信心”对应名词confidence，为不可数名词。 52．argue 【解析】句意：我的父母从不在家里为小事争吵。主语My parents为复数，且never表明是一般现在时，动词用原形。“争论”的英文表达为argue。 53．breath 【解析】句意：紧张的时候深呼吸能帮你放松。固定搭配take a deep breath表示“深呼吸”，此处需填名词breath被deep修饰。 54．honest 【解析】句意：我认为好朋友之间应该彼此诚实。根据汉语提示可知，honest“诚实的”，形容词；be honest with sb.“对某人诚实”是固定搭配，故填honest。 55． upset 【解析】句意：韩林没有通过考试。他多么沮丧啊！根据汉语提示“沮丧的”可知，此处应填形容词upset。 56．signed up 【解析】原句中“报名参加”是关键词，中文“报名参加”对应的常用英语短语是sign up for。句首的时间状语“Last October”表明句子描述的是过去发生的事情，因此谓语动词需使用一般过去时。动词sign变为过去式signed。 57．advised honest 【解析】原句中“建议”和“坦诚的”是关键词。表示“建议”的动词是advise或suggest，根据空格后“me to have...”，可知此处应用advise，构成固定搭配advise sb to do sth，意为“建议某人做某事”，而suggest不用于此搭配；该语境通常指过去发生的建议动作，所以填advise的过去式advised。第二个空格前有不定冠词an，后面是名词talk，说明此处需要填以元音音素开头的形容词修饰talk，对应的表示“坦诚的”形容词为honest。 58．tasted regretted 【解析】原句中“尝”和“后悔”是关键词，表示“尝”的动词是taste，表示“后悔”的动词是regret；两个句子都是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。 59．lucky make 【解析】原句“幸运”“交到”是关键词。①处：felt为系动词，后接形容词作表语，lucky意为“幸运的”，so修饰形容词，填lucky。 ②处：考查固定结构“feel lucky to do sth.”意为“感到幸运做某事”，to后面接动词原形；“make friends”是固定搭配“交朋友”，填make。故填lucky；make 60．careless careful 【解析】原句中“粗心的”和“小心”是关键词，“粗心的”对应形容词careless，修饰mistakes；“小心的”对应形容词careful，作表语。故填careless；careful。 61．early 62．centuries 63．enjoy 64．artists’ 65．their 66．as 67．and 68．painting/to paint 69．a 70．introduced 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国传统工艺景泰蓝的历史演变、美学特征及其在现代社会的传承与创新，并分享了外国留学生参与体验活动后的真实感悟。 【解析】61．句意：它最早可追溯至春秋时期。根据文中“appeared as…as”可知，此处是同级比较结构“as+形容词/副词原形+as”，表示“和……一样”，修饰动词 appear应用副词原形。 62．句意：经过数个世纪的改良，这项技艺在明代达到顶峰。根据文中“After several…”可知，several“几个”修饰可数名词需用复数形式，名词以“辅音字母+y”结尾变复数需去y变i加es。 63．句意：它清晰细腻的线条令人赏心悦目。根据文中“make people…them”可知，此处是使役动词make的复合宾语结构，即“make sb. do sth.”表示“使某人做某事”，需用动词原形。 64．句意：这件国宝展现了古代艺术家对生活的热爱与对美的强烈向往。根据文中“shows the ancient…love”可知，此处表示“艺术家的”爱，需用名词所有格作定语修饰love，泛指这一群体的爱应用复数所有格artists’。 65．句意：回望历史，人们尽最大努力将这项技艺传承至今。根据文中“people have tried…best”可知，此处是固定搭配 try one’s best 意为“尽某人最大努力”，主语为people，需用形容词性物主代词their。 66．句意：它曾被用于宫廷，或装饰在杯、罐等器物上。根据文中“on objects such…cups and pots”可知，此处是固定短语 such as 意为“例如，诸如”，用于列举事物。 67．句意：如今，我们打破传统思维，改良诸多工具，革新形式并简化工序。根据文中“improve many tools, change the forms…cut down the steps”可知，此处连接三个并列的谓语动作，构成顺承或并列关系，应用连词and。 68．句意：每个人都可以尝试用掐丝珐琅工艺在木片上作画。根据文中“Everyone can try…on a piece of wood”可知，try doing sth.表示“尝试做某事”，侧重于“试着做做看以看结果或获得体验”，符合参与体验活动的语境；try to do sth.表示“尽力做某事”，侧重于“努力去完成某项任务”。在描述参与艺术创作体验时，两者在语法和逻辑上均成立。 69．句意：她说：“我很高兴能成为今天这场活动的一员！”根据文中“be…part of this event”可知，此处是固定短语 a part of 意为“……的一部分”。 70．句意：它不仅向我们介绍了中国传统技艺，还为我们提供了与他人交流的机会。根据文中“It not only…but also provided…”可知，此处是not only…but also…连接并列谓语，后半句provided为过去式，根据时态一致原则应用过去式。 71． 【参考范文】      It’s common to feel sad when something bad happens to us.      When I have bad feelings, I have two useful ways to cheer myself up. First, I listen to soft music quietly. It can calm my mind and wash away my worries quickly. Second, I will read interesting storybooks. Wonderful stories take me into new wonderful worlds and bring me joy.      Sometimes I also take a short walk outside. Fresh air makes me relaxed. These small ways always help me get through hard moments and face life with a warm heart. 【解析】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：应用文，全文以一般现在时为主 明确要点：介绍自己调节低落情绪的两种及以上具体方法，并说明每种方法带来的积极作用 确定人称：第一人称（I/my） 注意事项：文中不能出现真实姓名、学校名称；词数控制在80词左右，给定开头不计入总词数 [第二步：构思布局] 采用三段式结构： 开头段：使用题目给出的固定开篇句，引出人人都会产生负面情绪的普遍现象 主体段：分点介绍自己调节坏心情的两种具体方式，分别说明对应效果 结尾段：补充户外散步的调节方式，总结这些调节方法带来的好处，升华积极乐观面对情绪的主旨 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：调节心情的第一种方式 方式选择：listen to soft music/listen to pop songs/listen to light music等 作用描述：calm my mind/make me peaceful/release my stress等 要点二：调节心情的第二种方式 方式选择：read interesting storybooks/read novels/read funny articles等 作用描述：take me into new wonderful worlds/take me into new worlds/drive away sadness等 要点三：补充调节方式与总结感悟 补充方式：take a short walk/go running/talk with friends等 感悟表达：help me get through hard moments/face life warmly/cheer myself up等 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $