内容正文:
人教英语七上Unit1语法讲解及习题:be动词(am/is/are)
一、语法精讲
(一)be 动词含义
be 动词属于系动词,翻译为是、在,用来介绍主语身份、年龄、特征、位置、所属关系,不能单独作谓语,后面必须搭配名词、形容词、地点短语等表语。
be 动词有三种变形:am、is、are,使用核心规则:看主语人称和单复数。
(二)主语与 be 动词匹配表
1. I(我,第一人称单数)→ 只用 am
例句:I am eleven. 我 11 岁。
2. you(你 / 你们,第二人称单复数)→ 只用 are
例句:You are my friend. 你是我的朋友。
You are students. 你们是学生。
3. he/she/it/ 单个人名 / 单数物品 / 不可数名词(第三人称单数)→ 用 is
例句:She is Alice. 她是爱丽丝。
It is a ruler. 它是一把尺子。
Rice is good. 米饭很健康。
4. we/they/ 多个人名 / 复数物品(复数主语)→ 用 are
例句:We are classmates. 我们是同班同学。
They are pens. 它们是钢笔。
(三)四大基础句型变换
1. 肯定句
公式:主语 + am/is/are + 表语
例:It is a book.
2. 否定句
公式:主语 + am/is/are + not + 表语
缩写规则:is not = isn’t;are not = aren’t;am not 无缩写
例:It isn’t a book.
3. 一般疑问句(能用 Yes/No 回答)
公式:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 表语?
回答口诀:一问一答,主语、be 动词保持一致
例:—Is it a book? —Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t.
4. 特殊疑问句(用疑问词提问,不用 Yes/No)
公式:特殊疑问词 (what/who/where) + am/is/are + 主语?
例:Where is your book?
(四)高频易错点总结
1. this/that(这个 / 那个)单数,搭配 is;these/those(这些 / 那些)复数,搭配 are
2. and 连接两个不同人 / 物品,主语为复数,用 are;and 连接同一个人身兼两职,用 is
例:Tom and Lily are friends. 汤姆和莉莉是朋友。
The writer and teacher is my aunt. 那位作家兼老师是我姑姑。
3. water、milk、bread 等不可数名词作主语,永远用 is
4. I 和 am 绑定,永远不能搭配 is/are
二、综合专项练习题
题型一:用 am /is/are 填空
1. I _________ a new student in Grade Seven.
2. That girl _________ my cousin, Lucy.
3. You _________ very nice to me.
4. These erasers _________ white and clean.
5. Milk _________ my favorite drink.
6. We _________ from different cities.
7. _________ that a yellow pencil box?
8. It _________ a cute cat under the tree.
9. Jack and Mike _________ good at English.
10. _________ you and Tom in the same class?
题型二:单项选择
1. —_________ you Linda?
—No, I _________ Gina.
A. Is; am B. Are; am C. Are; is
2. My dog _________ small. Its ears _________ long.
A. is; are B. are; is C. is; is
3. This _________ my map. Those _________ your photos.
A. are; is B. is; are C. is; is
4. Bread _________ healthy food.
A. am B. is C. are
5. Tom and I _________ in Class Three.
A. am B. is C. are
6. —Is that your sister?
—Yes, _________.
A. it is B. she is C. that is
7. I _________ not good at math, but I _________ good at Chinese.
A. am; am B. is; am C. are; is
8. Where _________ your new books?
A. is B. are C. am
9. The writer and singer _________ my aunt.
A. is B. are C. am
10. —Are they your teachers?
—No, they _________.
A. aren’t B. isn’t C. am not
题型三:按要求改写句子
1. She is from China.(改为否定句)
_____________________________________________________________________
2. They are my good friends.(改为一般疑问句,并做否定回答)
_____________________________________________________________________
3. This is an orange.(改为一般疑问句,并做肯定回答)
_____________________________________________________________________
4. I am twelve years old.(改为一般疑问句,并做否定回答)
_____________________________________________________________________
5. His name is Bob.(对划线部分 Bob 提问)
_____________________________________________________________________
6. The ruler is on the desk.(对划线部分 on the desk 提问)
_____________________________________________________________________
7. We are happy at school.(改为否定句)
_____________________________________________________________________
8. That is a red bag.(改为复数句,同步变换 be 动词)
_____________________________________________________________________
9. These are nice flowers.(改为单数句,同步变换 be 动词)
_____________________________________________________________________
10. Is he from Canada?(做否定回答)
_____________________________________________________________________
11. My favorite sport is basketball.(对划线部分 basketball 提问)
_____________________________________________________________________
12. You are in Grade Seven.(改为否定句)
_____________________________________________________________________
13. Who is that boy?(用 Tom 作答完整句子)
_____________________________________________________________________
三、习题答案 +解析
题型一:用 am /is/are 填空 答案 + 解析
1. am
解析:主语 I 固定搭配 am
2. is
解析:that girl 是第三人称单数,用 is
3. are
解析:主语 you 无论单复数均用 are
4. are
解析:these erasers 复数主语,用 are
5. is
解析:milk 不可数名词,视作单数,用 is
6. are
解析:we 复数主语,用 are
7. Is
解析:that 单数指示代词,句首大写 Is
8. is
解析:it 第三人称单数,用 is
9. are
解析:and 连接两个人,复数主语,用 are
10. Are
解析:you and Tom 两个人,复数,句首大写 Are
题型二:单项选择 答案 + 解析
1. B
解析:主语 you 搭配 are;主语 I 搭配 am
2. A
解析:my dog 单数用 is;ears 耳朵复数用 are
3. B
解析:this 单数用 is;those 复数用 are
4. B
解析:bread 不可数名词,谓语用 is
5. C
解析:Tom and I 两个人,复数主语用 are
6. A
解析:问句主语 that,回答统一用 it 代替
7. A
解析:主语 I 全程搭配 am
8. B
解析:books 是复数名词,用 are
9. A
解析:the writer and singer 指同一个人,单数用 is
10. A
解析:主语 they 复数,否定缩写为 aren’t
题型三:按要求改写句子 答案 + 解析
1. 答案:She isn’t from China.
解析:否定直接在 is 后加 not,缩写 isn’t
2. 答案:—Are they your good friends? —No, they aren’t.
解析:复数主语变疑问,be 动词 are 提前;否定回答主语 they 搭配 aren’t
3. 答案:—Is this an orange? —Yes, it is.
解析:this 单数,is 提前;回答用 it 代替 this
4. 答案:—Are you twelve years old? —No, I’m not.
解析:陈述句 I 变疑问句改为 you,be 动词换成 are;回答换回 I,否定 I’m not
5. 答案:What’s his name?
解析:对人名提问用 what,what is 缩写 what’s
6. 答案:Where is the ruler?
解析:对地点 on the desk 提问,疑问词用 where
7. 答案:We aren’t happy at school.
解析:are 后加 not,缩写 aren’t
8. 答案:Those are red bags.
解析:that→those;is→are;bag 变复数 bags
9. 答案:This is a nice flower.
解析:these→this;are→is;flowers 单数 flower,加冠词 a
10. 答案:No, he isn’t.
解析:主语 he 单数,否定用 isn’t
11. 答案:What is his favorite sport?
解析:对事物 basketball 提问,用 what
12. 答案:You aren’t in Grade Seven.
解析:are 后加 not 缩写 aren’t
13. 答案:That boy is Tom.
解析:问句询问男孩是谁,完整回答主语 that boy,搭配 is 加名字 Tom
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