【周周有招】新教材同步-尖子班 讲义 第5讲 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness Reading and Thinking -2026-2027学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册（教师版+学生版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦“运动与健康”话题下同意与不同意功能表达，以情境导入激活学生现有表达，通过分层讲解强烈/一般/部分同意及礼貌/直接不同意的核心表达，结合语用策略（如礼貌原则、but转折信号），衔接听力训练、口语实践与巩固练习，构建从理解到应用的完整学习支架。 资料特色在于立足高考需求，听力训练分基础信息抓取、中档语用判断、挑战态度推断，口语实践设计角色扮演与补全对话，助力提升语言能力。通过辨析易混表达（如I see your point与That's a good point）培养思维品质，提供信号词速查表等策略增强学习能力，课中辅助教师高效授课，课后帮助学生查漏补缺。

新教材人教版高中英语必修第一册 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 第5讲 运动观点表达：同意与不同意 Listening and Talking · Functional Language: Agreeing & Disagreeing （教师版） 适用年级：高一 | 学期：秋季 【课时导航】 本讲聚焦"运动与健康"话题下的同意/不同意功能表达，对应教材Listening and Talking板块。这一类表达在高考中考查面很广：听力观点态度题靠它出区分度，口语交际、书面表达中的观点对比段落也离不开它。学完本讲，学生要能完成三件事：第一，听懂听力中说话者到底是赞同、反对还是部分赞同；第二，在口语讨论中得体地表达自己的同意或不同意；第三，在写作中自然嵌入观点表达，让论证有来有回。 重难点：① but转折信号——判断说话者真实态度的"命门"，是高考听力观点态度题的核心考点；② 同意/不同意表达的语用分层——什么时候用强烈、什么时候用委婉、什么时候用部分同意，由交际场景和对象决定；③ 礼貌原则在英语交际中的底层逻辑——理解了"先扬后抑"的成因，听力中的态度转折一眼就能看穿。 Part 1 情境导入 阅读下面四种关于学校体育活动的观点，判断你同意哪几个、不同意哪几个。先不要急着找"标准答案"，试着用英语说出你心里的第一反应——这个"第一反应"就是你当前掌握的表达库存，稍后对照Part 2，看看你离"得体表达"还差几步。 ① "Morning exercise before class is a waste of time. Students are too tired to focus in the following classes." ② "PE class should be optional for senior high students." ③ "Playing team sports is more important than studying for exams." ④ "Students who are not good at sports should not be forced to take PE classes." Task: Discuss with your partner. Which statements do you agree with? Which do you disagree with? Why? Try to use English to express your attitude. 情境设计说明：四个观点涵盖了"运动是否有价值"的两种对立立场（①④倾向否定运动的价值或强制参与，②③倾向降低运动的重要性），正适合触发"同意/不同意"的表达需求。课堂中可先让学生自由表态，再引导他们思考：为什么有的观点你能脱口而出地回应，有的却卡壳？——卡壳处，往往就是本讲要补的表达缺口。 Part 2 核心功能表达精讲 英语表达同意与不同意，不是"背会几个句子"那么简单。同样的意思，语气强弱不同、礼貌程度不同，选择的表达就不同；而高考听力考查的，正是"能否从语气和措辞判断说话者的真实态度"。本部分按功能分组：先记住核心表达，再掌握语用特征，最后落到考场判断策略。理解到"为什么英语要这样表达"这一层，做题才能举一反三。 一、表达同意（Agreeing） 同意表达按语气强度分三档：强烈同意、一般同意、部分同意。在高考听力中，"判断说话者同意到什么程度"等价于"判断选项中的态度词是否正确"——strongly agree / agree / partially agree三个选项的区别，映射的就是这三档。所以这三档不是口头上的分类，而是直接对应考题答案的区分。 1. 强烈同意（Strong Agreement） Absolutely. / Exactly. / Definitely. 这三个词可单独成句，表示完全赞同，语气最强。高考听力中听到这类词，说明说话者与对方立场高度一致，后面即使继续发言，也是在同一立场上补充，不会出现转折。需要提醒学生：Absolutely不能与中文"绝对"完全等同。中文的"绝对"有时带夸张、不留余地的色彩；英语的Absolutely在这里是"完全赞同"的肯定回应，语气强烈但并非贬义或生硬。语用场景不同，不可机械对译。 I couldn't agree more. 字面义"我不能再同意了"，实为"我完全同意"，是英语中表示强烈赞同的经典表达，也是高考听力观点态度题的高频考点。两个关键点：一是虚拟语气，只能用couldn't（不能用can't），这是固定搭配，属"再同意不过了"的委婉夸张；二是听到该表达时，正确答案必含strongly agree或completely agree，几乎不会出现转折。 You're absolutely right. 在right前加absolutely加强语气，比you're right更有力度。听力中该句出现后，通常接补充理由来支撑赞同立场，不会出but。注意：absolutely不可省略——省略后语气从"强烈赞同"降为"一般认可"，这在区分"强烈/一般"两类选项时是关键。 【考点链接】强烈同意是听力态度题的"直给信号"。看到选项中有strongly agree / completely agree / totally支持某项时，回听是否有Absolutely / I couldn't agree more / You're absolutely right。有→直接锁定；没有→再考虑其他态度。 【易错点】I couldn't agree more最容易错写成I can't agree more。前者"完全同意"，后者字面"无法同意"意思相反——一字之差，态度完全相反，考试中若听不清，要结合上下文语气判断。 2. 一般同意（General Agreement） I agree (with you / with that / that...). 最常用的同意表达，语气中性。后接with sb./with sth.表示"同意某人/某事"，或接that从句表示"同意某个观点"。因为太平常直白，在高考听力中反而不是区分度大的考点——它太明显，学生不会误判。它的考场价值更多体现在写作中：作为中性的认可表达，用于回应对方观点的开头，不抢戏、不越位。 That's a good point. 肯定对方提出的观点有价值，语气比I agree更积极，带有认可和鼓励的色彩。但关键陷阱在这里——该表达单独出现时表示赞同；后接but时转为"礼貌反驳"（即"观点不错，但是……"）。在高考听力中，That's a good point后接but的概率极高，必须根据后文判断说话者的真实态度，不能一见"good point"就选"赞同"。 That's true. 承认对方所言属实，语气温和。这个表达最容易被学生误判——听到"That's true"就以为"说话者同意了"，但高考听力中，That's true后面常常跟but，表示"你说的是事实，但我有不同看法"。这里体现的正是本讲的核心原理：肯定的前半句是给面子的铺垫，转折才是真实态度。 【考点链接】That's a good point和That's true在高考听力中后接but的概率约九成。识别策略：把这两句当作"疑似否定的铺垫"，听到后不急着选，先锁定but后的内容再判断。 3. 部分同意（Partial Agreement） I agree to some extent, but... 先同意一部分，再转折提出补充或不同看法，是讨论中最常用的"先扬后抑"策略，也是高考听力观点态度题中区分度最大的考点群。学生最常见的错误：听到前半句I agree就认为"同意"，忽略but后的转折。做题策略只有一个：听到but后，重点听but后的内容——那才是说话者的真实态度。 That's partly true, but... 承认对方观点有道理，但不完全认同，语气比I agree to some extent更委婉。两者侧重点不同：That's partly true侧重"你所说部分正确"（对对方的观点做评价），I agree to some extent侧重"我同意其中一部分"（表达自己的立场）。在高考听力中，That's partly true更常出现在"纠正对方观点"的语境，而I agree to some extent更常出现在"先扬后抑"的讨论场景。 【考点链接】部分同意是听力态度题里"先扬后抑"的代表，也是学生失分重灾区。核心策略：一旦听到I agree / That's true / That's a good point开头的肯定句，立刻提高警惕，等待but——它出现时，前面全是铺垫。 【易错点】不少学生把"部分同意"当成"同意"，见到partially agree的选项就跳过。记住：部分同意≠完全同意，选项中只要有but后的负面信息，就应选partially agree / partially disagree，而非完全赞同。 二、表达不同意（Disagreeing） 英语表达不同意，讲究"礼貌先行"。直接说"I disagree"在社交场合显得生硬，更常见的做法是先给予一定程度肯定，再以but转折表达不同看法。这个"肯定+but+真实态度"的模式，是英语交际的底层逻辑，也是高考听力观点态度题的绝对核心。掌握这个模式，就拿到了判断听力态度的"钥匙"。 1. 礼貌委婉（Polite Disagreement） I see your point, but... 最经典的礼貌反驳模板。I see your point表示"我理解你的观点"——注意是"理解"不是"同意"。but后引出不同看法。高考听力中，这个表达是高频考点，学生最容易犯的错误是只听到前半句I see your point就误判为"同意"，忽略but后的真实态度。另外注意：I see your point比I understand your point更地道，see在此处意为"理解"，是英语的习惯搭配，不能机械换成understand。 That's a good point, but... 先肯定对方观点的价值，再转折。比I see your point语气更积极，因为"肯定价值"比"表示理解"更有温度。在讨论中，这个表达更适用于：你确实认为对方说得有道理，但你有不同角度或补充信息——先真诚认可，再亮出己见。 I'm not sure I agree / I'm not sure about that. 用"不确定"来暗示不同意，是最委婉的否定方式，不给对方压迫感。在听力中，这种表达往往出现在"说话者不同意但不想直接冲突"的场景，选项常对应politely disagree或not fully convinced。 I'm afraid I disagree. 用I'm afraid软化语气，使不同意见听起来更礼貌。I'm afraid在此处不是"害怕"，而是礼貌表达"遗憾地告知"的固定用法，适合正式场合的讨论或辩论。 【考点链接】委婉表达=礼貌性否定。听到I see your point / That's a good point / I'm not sure，后面九成跟but，正确答案常设为politely disagree或partially agree。这些表达在听力里是"否定的预告"，不是"同意的信号"。 2. 直接表达（Direct Disagreement） I don't think so. 否定对方观点，语气直接但不粗鲁，适合同学、朋友之间。表达的是"我不这么认为"，干脆利落。 I disagree (with you / with that). 直接表达不同意，在正式的讨论或辩论中使用。按礼貌原则，这个表达是"强面子威胁"，除非关系亲密或场合正式，否则慎用——这也是它"直接"的原因。 Not necessarily. 不一定——不全盘否定，但质疑对方结论的必然性。这是高考听力高频考点，答案常设为partially disagree或not fully convinced。该表达的精妙在于：它既不是完全同意，也不是完全否定，而是"你的结论不一定成立"，说话者留有余地。学生要能识别这种"半否定"的微妙态度。 【考点链接】直接表达与委婉表达的核心区别在语域。同学之间用直接表达；老师、长辈、正式场合必须用委婉表达。高考听力中，委婉表达的考查频率远高于直接表达——因为委婉表达需要学生越过"表面肯定"去判断"真实否定"，区分度更高。 三、语用策略与高考实战 以上所有表达方式，背后贯穿着一条深层原理——英语交际的"礼貌原则"（Politeness Principle）。这个原则直接决定了高考听力观点态度题的出题逻辑。学生理解了它，就不只是"背会了表达"，而是"看懂了英语交际的底层规则"，做题时能举一反三，口语里也能用得自然得体。 1. 礼貌原则：为什么英语要"先扬后抑"？ 英语文化中，直接说"I disagree"被视为"威胁对方脸面"（face-threatening act）。先肯定再转折，本质是"先给面子，再亮立场"。这个原则在英语交际中无处不在：请人帮忙时说"Could you please..."而不是生硬的"Help me"；提建议时说"Would you like to..."而不是命令式表达。同意/不同意表达中的"先扬后抑"模式，正是这种礼貌文化的集中体现。理解了这一点，学生就能明白：为什么英语里那么多"前半句肯定+but+后半句否定"的模式——这不是巧合，是有规律可循的交际策略。 把这条原理反过来用，就是听力解题的钥匙：英语里"表面肯定+转折"是最常见的礼貌表达方式，所以当听力中出现大量肯定词时，要习惯性地追问一句——"后面有没有but？"这个习惯一旦建立，观点态度题的正确率会明显提升。 2. 用法辨析：最容易混淆的两组 辨析一：I agree to some extent vs. That's partly true 两者都是部分同意，但视角不同。I agree to some extent是"我（说话者）同意一部分"，从自己的立场出发，后接的but常引出"补充信息或不同看法"；That's partly true是"你（对方）所说的部分正确"，从评价对方的观点出发，后接的but常引出"纠正或补全"。听力中，前者更像"先扬后抑的讨论"，后者更像"指出对方观点不全面"。 辨析二：I see your point vs. That's a good point 两者都能引出but，但语义重心不同。I see your point强调"我理解你的思路"，重心在"理解"（不必然认同）；That's a good point强调"你的观点有价值"，重心在"认可"（带一定程度的赞同）。因此，That's a good point后面跟的but，通常转折更明显、否定更彻底；而I see your point后跟的but，语气更缓和，往往还有商量余地。学生分辨不清时，可记住一句：理解≠认同，认可≠全盘同意。 3. but信号——观点态度题的"命门" 高考听力观点态度题，九成答案藏在but后面。说话者前面说的所有话——I agree / That's true / That's a good point / I see your point——都可能是铺垫，只有but后的内容才是真实态度。做题策略：听到but就画线，重点听but后的那句话。如果but后也是肯定内容，那才是真正的赞同；如果but后是不同意见，那前面的肯定只是客套。 but的"变体"还有however, actually, to be honest, well等词，它们都可能在听力中充当"态度转折信号"。学生需要建立的条件反射：听到这些词→警惕前面的内容可能只是铺垫→集中注意力听后面的真实态度。这个条件反射练得越熟，听力判断越快越准。 4. 信号词速查表 but / however → 转折否定，前面是铺垫，后面是真实态度 actually / in fact → 纠正或补充，引出真实信息 to be honest / frankly → 引出真实想法，常与前面形成对比 well → 语气停顿，暗示犹豫或不同意 I mean → 修正或澄清前文 the problem is / the thing is → 引出负面评价 5. 听力实战三大策略 策略一：等but，不抢答 听到前半句表示同意时不要急于选择，等待but后的内容——那才是说话者的真实态度。高考听力中，很多学生失分是因为"听到前半句就选了"，没有等到but后面的转折信息。记住：肯定的开头是陷阱，but后的内容才是答案。 策略二：委婉表达=否定信号 I see your point / That's a good point / I'm not sure 等表达出现在听力中时，后面九成会跟but，表示委婉不同意。听到这些表达时，先在心里标注"疑似否定"，等but后的内容确认，再下结论。 策略三：强烈赞同无转折 Absolutely / Exactly / I couldn't agree more 等强烈赞同后，如果说话者继续补充，通常是对同一立场的延伸，不会出现转折。听到这些表达时，可以放心判定"完全赞同"，不用等后文。 6. 典型真题示例 W: I think the movie was fantastic. M: Well, it was good, but I have seen better. Q: What does the man think of the movie? 解析：男士先说it was good（前半句肯定），但but后才是真实态度——I have seen better，意思是"我看过更好的"，即"这部电影还行，但不是最好"。正确答案应为He thinks it is just okay.，而不是She thinks it is fantastic. 这个题型的陷阱设计思路：先用一个肯定词（good）让学生放松警惕，再用but引出真实态度（have seen better），把答案放在"还行"和"很好"之间区分。学生如果只听前半句，大概率选错。这就是"等but"策略的价值所在。 Part 3 听力训练 （说明：以下为教师朗读稿，教师可自行朗读或播放录音，学生完成听力任务。本部分题目按难度分层编排：基础层练信息抓取，中档层练语用判断，挑战层练态度推断，层层递进。） Task 1: 听对话，选择最佳答案（听两遍） 【教师朗读稿】 Dialogue 1: Mike: I think schools should make PE class compulsory every day. Exercise is really important for both our physical and mental health. Sarah: I couldn't agree more. Actually, studies show that students who exercise regularly perform better in their studies. Mike: Exactly! And it's also a great way to relieve stress from exams. Sarah: That's a good point. I think all students should have at least one hour of physical activity every day. Dialogue 2: Tom: The current PE grading system is unfair. It only measures skills, not effort. Lucy: That's partly true, but measuring effort is difficult. How do you grade "trying hard"? Tom: I see your point, but students who are not naturally athletic also deserve recognition. Lucy: I agree to some extent. Maybe we should consider both skill and improvement. Dialogue 3: Amy: I think PE grades should be counted in the total score. It is just as important as other subjects. Ben: That is a good point, but adding PE to the total score might put too much pressure on students who are not athletic. Amy: I see what you mean, but if we do not count it, students might not take PE seriously. Ben: Actually, many students already enjoy PE without it being counted. I am not sure adding pressure is the answer. Dialogue 4: Cathy: Our school is going to require morning runs every day. I think it is a total waste of time. David: To be honest, I felt the same way at first. But actually, morning exercise helps me stay focused in class. Cathy: Well, I still prefer sleeping in. But I guess a short run would not hurt. David: Exactly! It is only 15 minutes, and it wakes you up better than coffee. 【基础层·信息获取】 听第1段对话，回答第1~2题。 1. What is Mike's opinion about PE class? A. It should be compulsory every day. B. It should be optional. C. It should be replaced by other subjects. 2. How does Sarah respond to Mike's opinion? A. She agrees completely. B. She disagrees strongly. C. She is not sure. 【中档层·语用判断】 听第2段对话，回答第3~5题。 3. What is Tom's main concern about the PE grading system? A. It is unfair to less athletic students. B. It focuses too much on skill. C. It is too difficult for most students. 4. How does Lucy respond to Tom at first? A. She fully agrees. B. She strongly disagrees. C. She partially agrees. 5. What is Lucy's final suggestion? A. Consider both skill and improvement. B. Keep the current system. C. Remove PE grading completely. 【挑战层·态度推断】 听第3~4段对话，回答第6~9题。 6. What is Amy's opinion about PE grades? A. They should be optional. B. They should be counted in the total score. C. They should be removed from school. 7. What is Ben's real attitude towards counting PE in the total score? A. He strongly supports it. B. He has no opinion. C. He politely disagrees. 8. What is Cathy's initial attitude towards morning runs? A. Very supportive. B. Thinks it is a waste of time. C. Not sure. 9. How does David's attitude change? A. He was hesitant at first but now agrees. B. He was always supportive. C. He still disagrees with morning runs. Task 2: 听短文填空（听两遍） 【教师朗读稿】 In a recent class survey, students shared their opinions on school sports. Most students (1)______ that the school should provide more sports equipment. However, some (2)______, saying that the current facilities are good enough. When asked about weekly sports hours, over 70% of students (3)______ that two hours per week is necessary. Interestingly, all students (4)______ that sports are important for their health and study. Fill in the blanks with the words you hear.（每空一词） (1) ___________ (2) ___________ (3) ___________ (4) ___________ 任务提示：第(3)空believe在快速语流中可能与agree发音接近，需要靠辅音区分——believe以/b/开头，agree以/ə/开头。同时注意However与Part 2讲解的"转折信号词"考点直接呼应，看到However就应判断：前面的观点（provide more equipment）是多数人的，后面some的相反意见是少数派。 Part 4 口语实践 Task 1: Pair Work — 角色扮演 从以下三个场景中任选一个，与搭档编一段对话，至少使用3个不同的同意/不同意表达。 场景提示：表达不同意时，先想清楚"对方观点里有哪一点是合理的"，从那里切入肯定，再用but引出自己的不同看法——这样既礼貌又有说服力。 Scenario A: Discuss whether e-sports should be recognized as a real sport. Scenario B: Discuss whether students should be required to join at least one sports club. Scenario C: Discuss whether spending too much time on fitness is a waste of study time. 【示范对话（Scenario A）】 注意对话中功能句的使用，看双方如何"先肯定再转折"。 A: I think e-sports should be recognized as a real sport. They require skill, strategy, and teamwork. B: That's a good point, but e-sports don't involve physical activity. Isn't that the key part of sports? A: I see what you mean, but chess is considered a sport too, and it doesn't involve much physical activity. B: That's partly true. However, traditional sports focus on physical fitness, which e-sports don't promote. A: I agree to some extent, but e-sports do improve hand-eye coordination and quick decision-making. B: Not necessarily. I think those skills can be developed through other activities too. A: I'm not sure I agree. Professional e-sports players train just as hard as traditional athletes. B: Absolutely! They do train hard. But I still think we should call it a "competition" rather than a "sport". 半控制练习：补全对话 从方框中选择合适的功能句填入空白处（每个限用一次）。 方框：I agree / I see your point but / That's partly true / Not necessarily / I'm not sure I agree A: I think students should spend at least one hour on sports every day. B: (1)__________________. It's good for both physical and mental health. A: But what about students who have too much homework? They don't have time. B: (2)____________________, but sports can actually improve study efficiency. A: (3)____________________. Not all students enjoy sports. B: (4)____________________! They can choose activities they like, not just traditional sports. A: (5)____________________. Walking or dancing also counts as exercise. 参考答案：(1) I agree (2) I see your point but (3) That's partly true (4) Not necessarily (5) I'm not sure I agree Task 2: Group Discussion — Sportsmanship Debate 四人一组，讨论以下情境，注意在争论中练习"先肯定再转折"的表达方式： During a school basketball game, Team A wins because Team B's best player gets injured. Some people say it's a fair win; others say it's not a real victory. What do you think? Useful expressions: Starting your opinion: "In my opinion..." / "I believe that..." Agreeing: "That's a good point." / "I agree." / "Exactly!" Disagreeing politely: "I see your point, but..." / "I'm not sure I agree." Asking for others' opinions: "What do you think?" / "How about you?" Part 5 巩固练习 一、单项选择（基础层） 选出最佳表达。每题对应一个考点，完成后核对答案并回看Part 2中对应的考点分析。 1. — I think morning exercise is a great way to start the day. — ________. It helps me feel more energetic in class. A. I'm not sure about that B. I couldn't agree more C. That's not how I see it D. I'm afraid I disagree （考点：强烈同意表达识别。后文"helps me feel more energetic"为正面补充，与前句观点一致，选B。） 2. — Students should spend more time on sports instead of playing video games. — ________, but some video games can also improve problem-solving skills. A. I agree to some extent B. I don't think so C. You're absolutely wrong D. Not at all （考点：部分同意+but转折结构。空格后but提示需要"先同意一部分"的结构，选A。） 3. — Do you think every school should have a swimming pool? — ________. Not every school has enough space or budget. A. Absolutely B. I couldn't agree more C. Not necessarily D. That's a good point （考点：Not necessarily的语用功能——质疑必然性而非完全否定。后文"not every school"表质疑，选C。） 4. — I believe that winning isn't everything; participation matters more. — ________! That's the true spirit of sports. A. I'm afraid I disagree B. That's exactly what I was thinking C. I'm not sure about that D. Not necessarily （考点：强烈赞同识别。后文"true spirit of sports"与前面观点高度共鸣，选B。） 5. — The school should cancel the long-distance running event because it's too hard. — ________, but running is a basic skill that everyone can develop with practice. A. I totally disagree B. You're absolutely right C. I see your point D. I don't think so （考点：礼貌反驳模板——先理解后转折。but前需要"表示理解"的表达，I see your point最合适，选C。） 二、完成对话（中档层） 根据上下文填入恰当的同意/不同意表达。答案不唯一，合理即可，但要注意"先肯定再转折"的语用逻辑。 A: I think the school sports meet should be held twice a year instead of once. B: (1)____________________. It gives students more chances to participate. A: But won't it take up too much time for studying? B: (2)____________________, but sports meets don't last that long. Besides, the break from study can actually improve efficiency. A: (3)____________________. I didn't think about it that way. B: And think about the team spirit! Students from different classes get to work together. A: (4)____________________! That's a great point. 参考答案： (1) I agree / That's a good point / Absolutely (2) I see your point / That's partly true (3) You're right / I agree (4) Exactly! / I couldn't agree more! 三、听力填空（挑战层） 听短文，填入所缺的功能表达词。注意：需要根据上下文（尤其是转折词but/However）判断说话者的态度是同意还是不同意。 【教师朗读稿】 In our class discussion about sports, different students had different opinions. Li Hua said everyone should do at least two hours of exercise every day. Wang Fang (1)__________, saying that study time is more important. Zhang Wei (2)__________, saying that exercise is necessary for good health. But Zhao Lin (3)__________, pointing out that quality matters more than quantity. In the end, they all (4)__________ that some form of exercise is necessary for everyone. (1) ___________ (2) ___________ (3) ___________ (4) ___________ 参考答案： (1) disagreed / didn't agree (2) agreed (3) disagreed / had a different opinion (4) agreed 参考答案 Part 3 听力训练 Task 1 1. A 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. A 解析要点：第2、4、7、9题考查态度判断——Sarah对Mike完全赞同（couldn't agree more），Lucy对Tom先部分同意（That's partly true）再提出折中方案，Ben对Amy礼貌反驳（That's a good point, but...），David从最初犹豫（felt the same way at first）转为认可（helps me stay focused）。 Part 3 听力训练 Task 2 (1) agreed (2) disagreed (3) believed (4) agreed Part 5 巩固练习 一、单项选择 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. C Part 5 巩固练习 二、完成对话 (1) I agree / That's a good point / Absolutely (2) I see your point / That's partly true (3) You're right / I agree (4) Exactly! / I couldn't agree more! Part 5 巩固练习 三、听力填空 (1) disagreed / didn't agree (2) agreed (3) disagreed / had a different opinion (4) agreed 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 新教材人教版高中英语必修第一册 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 第5讲 运动观点表达：同意与不同意 Listening and Talking · Functional Language: Agreeing & Disagreeing （学生版） 适用年级：高一 | 学期：秋季 【课时导航】 本讲聚焦“运动与健康”话题下的同意/不同意功能表达，对应教材Listening and Talking板块。这一类表达在高考中考查面很广：听力观点态度题靠它出区分度，口语交际、书面表达中的观点对比段落也离不开它。学完本讲，学生要能完成三件事：第一，听懂听力中说话者到底是赞同、反对还是部分赞同；第二，在口语讨论中得体地表达自己的同意或不同意；第三，在写作中自然嵌入观点表达，让论证有来有回。 重难点：① but转折信号——判断说话者真实态度的“命门”，是高考听力观点态度题的核心考点；② 同意/不同意表达的语用分层——什么时候用强烈、什么时候用委婉、什么时候用部分同意，由交际场景和对象决定；③ 礼貌原则在英语交际中的底层逻辑——理解了“先扬后抑”的成因，听力中的态度转折一眼就能看穿。 Part 1 情境导入 阅读下面四种关于学校体育活动的观点，判断你同意哪几个、不同意哪几个。先不要急着找“标准答案”，试着用英语说出你心里的第一反应——这个“第一反应”就是你当前掌握的表达库存，稍后对照Part 2，看看你离“得体表达”还差几步。 ① “Morning exercise before class is a waste of time. Students are too tired to focus in the following classes.” ② “PE class should be optional for senior high students.” ③ “Playing team sports is more important than studying for exams.” ④ “Students who are not good at sports should not be forced to take PE classes.” Task: Discuss with your partner. Which statements do you agree with? Which do you disagree with? Why? Try to use English to express your attitude. 想一想：这四种观点里，有的你脱口而出就能回应，有的却卡壳——卡壳处，往往就是本讲要补的表达缺口。先在下表中记下你对每条观点的态度，稍后对照Part 2检验： 我的判断记录： 观点① 我（同意 / 不同意），我的英语表达：________________________________ 观点② 我（同意 / 不同意），我的英语表达：________________________________ 观点③ 我（同意 / 不同意），我的英语表达：________________________________ 观点④ 我（同意 / 不同意），我的英语表达：________________________________ Part 2 核心功能表达精讲 英语表达同意与不同意，不是“背会几个句子”那么简单。同样的意思，语气强弱不同、礼貌程度不同，选择的表达就不同；而高考听力考查的，正是“能否从语气和措辞判断说话者的真实态度”。本部分按功能分组：先记住核心表达，再掌握语用特征，最后落到考场判断策略。理解到“为什么英语要这样表达”这一层，做题才能举一反三。 一、表达同意（Agreeing） 同意表达按语气强度分三档：强烈同意、一般同意、部分同意。在高考听力中，“判断说话者同意到什么程度”等价于“判断选项中的态度词是否正确”——strongly agree / agree / partially agree三个选项的区别，映射的就是这三档。所以这三档不是口头上的分类，而是直接对应考题答案的区分。 1. 强烈同意（Strong Agreement） Absolutely. / Exactly. / Definitely. 这三个词可单独成句，表示完全赞同，语气最强。高考听力中听到这类词，说明说话者与对方立场高度一致，后面即使继续发言，也是在同一立场上补充，不会出现转折。需要提醒学生：Absolutely不能与中文“绝对”完全等同。中文的“绝对”有时带夸张、不留余地的色彩；英语的Absolutely在这里是“完全赞同”的肯定回应，语气强烈但并非贬义或生硬。语用场景不同，不可机械对译。 I couldn't agree more. 字面义“我不能再同意了”，实为“我完全同意”，是英语中表示强烈赞同的经典表达，也是高考听力观点态度题的高频考点。两个关键点：一是虚拟语气，只能用couldn't（不能用can't），这是固定搭配，属“再同意不过了”的委婉夸张；二是听到该表达时，正确答案必含strongly agree或completely agree，几乎不会出现转折。 You're absolutely right. 在right前加absolutely加强语气，比you're right更有力度。听力中该句出现后，通常接补充理由来支撑赞同立场，不会出but。注意：absolutely不可省略——省略后语气从“强烈赞同”降为“一般认可”，这在区分“强烈/一般”两类选项时是关键。 【考点链接】强烈同意是听力态度题的“直给信号”。看到选项中有strongly agree / completely agree / totally支持某项时，回听是否有Absolutely / I couldn't agree more / You're absolutely right。有→直接锁定；没有→再考虑其他态度。 【易错点】I couldn't agree more最容易错写成I can't agree more。前者“完全同意”，后者字面“无法同意”意思相反——一字之差，态度完全相反，考试中若听不清，要结合上下文语气判断。 2. 一般同意（General Agreement） I agree (with you / with that / that...). 最常用的同意表达，语气中性。后接with sb./with sth.表示“同意某人/某事”，或接that从句表示“同意某个观点”。因为太平常直白，在高考听力中反而不是区分度大的考点——它太明显，学生不会误判。它的考场价值更多体现在写作中：作为中性的认可表达，用于回应对方观点的开头，不抢戏、不越位。 That's a good point. 肯定对方提出的观点有价值，语气比I agree更积极，带有认可和鼓励的色彩。但关键陷阱在这里——该表达单独出现时表示赞同；后接but时转为“礼貌反驳”（即“观点不错，但是……”）。在高考听力中，That's a good point后接but的概率极高，必须根据后文判断说话者的真实态度，不能一见“good point”就选“赞同”。 That's true. 承认对方所言属实，语气温和。这个表达最容易被学生误判——听到“That's true”就以为“说话者同意了”，但高考听力中，That's true后面常常跟but，表示“你说的是事实，但我有不同看法”。这里体现的正是本讲的核心原理：肯定的前半句是给面子的铺垫，转折才是真实态度。 【考点链接】That's a good point和That's true在高考听力中后接but的概率约九成。识别策略：把这两句当作“疑似否定的铺垫”，听到后不急着选，先锁定but后的内容再判断。 3. 部分同意（Partial Agreement） I agree to some extent, but... 先同意一部分，再转折提出补充或不同看法，是讨论中最常用的“先扬后抑”策略，也是高考听力观点态度题中区分度最大的考点群。学生最常见的错误：听到前半句I agree就认为“同意”，忽略but后的转折。做题策略只有一个：听到but后，重点听but后的内容——那才是说话者的真实态度。 That's partly true, but... 承认对方观点有道理，但不完全认同，语气比I agree to some extent更委婉。两者侧重点不同：That's partly true侧重“你所说部分正确”（对对方的观点做评价），I agree to some extent侧重“我同意其中一部分”（表达自己的立场）。在高考听力中，That's partly true更常出现在“纠正对方观点”的语境，而I agree to some extent更常出现在“先扬后抑”的讨论场景。 【考点链接】部分同意是听力态度题里“先扬后抑”的代表，也是学生失分重灾区。核心策略：一旦听到I agree / That's true / That's a good point开头的肯定句，立刻提高警惕，等待but——它出现时，前面全是铺垫。 【易错点】不少学生把“部分同意”当成“同意”，见到partially agree的选项就跳过。记住：部分同意≠完全同意，选项中只要有but后的负面信息，就应选partially agree / partially disagree，而非完全赞同。 二、表达不同意（Disagreeing） 英语表达不同意，讲究“礼貌先行”。直接说“I disagree”在社交场合显得生硬，更常见的做法是先给予一定程度肯定，再以but转折表达不同看法。这个“肯定+but+真实态度”的模式，是英语交际的底层逻辑，也是高考听力观点态度题的绝对核心。掌握这个模式，就拿到了判断听力态度的“钥匙”。 1. 礼貌委婉（Polite Disagreement） I see your point, but... 最经典的礼貌反驳模板。I see your point表示“我理解你的观点”——注意是“理解”不是“同意”。but后引出不同看法。高考听力中，这个表达是高频考点，学生最容易犯的错误是只听到前半句I see your point就误判为“同意”，忽略but后的真实态度。另外注意：I see your point比I understand your point更地道，see在此处意为“理解”，是英语的习惯搭配，不能机械换成understand。 That's a good point, but... 先肯定对方观点的价值，再转折。比I see your point语气更积极，因为“肯定价值”比“表示理解”更有温度。在讨论中，这个表达更适用于：你确实认为对方说得有道理，但你有不同角度或补充信息——先真诚认可，再亮出己见。 I'm not sure I agree / I'm not sure about that. 用“不确定”来暗示不同意，是最委婉的否定方式，不给对方压迫感。在听力中，这种表达往往出现在“说话者不同意但不想直接冲突”的场景，选项常对应politely disagree或not fully convinced。 I'm afraid I disagree. 用I'm afraid软化语气，使不同意见听起来更礼貌。I'm afraid在此处不是“害怕”，而是礼貌表达“遗憾地告知”的固定用法，适合正式场合的讨论或辩论。 【考点链接】委婉表达=礼貌性否定。听到I see your point / That's a good point / I'm not sure，后面九成跟but，正确答案常设为politely disagree或partially agree。这些表达在听力里是“否定的预告”，不是“同意的信号”。 2. 直接表达（Direct Disagreement） I don't think so. 否定对方观点，语气直接但不粗鲁，适合同学、朋友之间。表达的是“我不这么认为”，干脆利落。 I disagree (with you / with that). 直接表达不同意，在正式的讨论或辩论中使用。按礼貌原则，这个表达是“强面子威胁”，除非关系亲密或场合正式，否则慎用——这也是它“直接”的原因。 Not necessarily. 不一定——不全盘否定，但质疑对方结论的必然性。这是高考听力高频考点，答案常设为partially disagree或not fully convinced。该表达的精妙在于：它既不是完全同意，也不是完全否定，而是“你的结论不一定成立”，说话者留有余地。学生要能识别这种“半否定”的微妙态度。 【考点链接】直接表达与委婉表达的核心区别在语域。同学之间用直接表达；老师、长辈、正式场合必须用委婉表达。高考听力中，委婉表达的考查频率远高于直接表达——因为委婉表达需要学生越过“表面肯定”去判断“真实否定”，区分度更高。 三、语用策略与高考实战 以上所有表达方式，背后贯穿着一条深层原理——英语交际的“礼貌原则”（Politeness Principle）。这个原则直接决定了高考听力观点态度题的出题逻辑。学生理解了它，就不只是“背会了表达”，而是“看懂了英语交际的底层规则”，做题时能举一反三，口语里也能用得自然得体。 1. 礼貌原则：为什么英语要“先扬后抑”？ 英语文化中，直接说“I disagree”被视为“威胁对方脸面”（face-threatening act）。先肯定再转折，本质是“先给面子，再亮立场”。这个原则在英语交际中无处不在：请人帮忙时说“Could you please...”而不是生硬的“Help me”；提建议时说“Would you like to...”而不是命令式表达。同意/不同意表达中的“先扬后抑”模式，正是这种礼貌文化的集中体现。理解了这一点，学生就能明白：为什么英语里那么多“前半句肯定+but+后半句否定”的模式——这不是巧合，是有规律可循的交际策略。 把这条原理反过来用，就是听力解题的钥匙：英语里“表面肯定+转折”是最常见的礼貌表达方式，所以当听力中出现大量肯定词时，要习惯性地追问一句——“后面有没有but？”这个习惯一旦建立，观点态度题的正确率会明显提升。 2. 用法辨析：最容易混淆的两组 辨析一：I agree to some extent vs. That's partly true 两者都是部分同意，但视角不同。I agree to some extent是“我（说话者）同意一部分”，从自己的立场出发，后接的but常引出“补充信息或不同看法”；That's partly true是“你（对方）所说的部分正确”，从评价对方的观点出发，后接的but常引出“纠正或补全”。听力中，前者更像“先扬后抑的讨论”，后者更像“指出对方观点不全面”。 辨析二：I see your point vs. That's a good point 两者都能引出but，但语义重心不同。I see your point强调“我理解你的思路”，重心在“理解”（不必然认同）；That's a good point强调“你的观点有价值”，重心在“认可”（带一定程度的赞同）。因此，That's a good point后面跟的but，通常转折更明显、否定更彻底；而I see your point后跟的but，语气更缓和，往往还有商量余地。学生分辨不清时，可记住一句：理解≠认同，认可≠全盘同意。 3. but信号——观点态度题的“命门” 高考听力观点态度题，九成答案藏在but后面。说话者前面说的所有话——I agree / That's true / That's a good point / I see your point——都可能是铺垫，只有but后的内容才是真实态度。做题策略：听到but就画线，重点听but后的那句话。如果but后也是肯定内容，那才是真正的赞同；如果but后是不同意见，那前面的肯定只是客套。 but的“变体”还有however, actually, to be honest, well等词，它们都可能在听力中充当“态度转折信号”。学生需要建立的条件反射：听到这些词→警惕前面的内容可能只是铺垫→集中注意力听后面的真实态度。这个条件反射练得越熟，听力判断越快越准。 4. 信号词速查表 but / however → 转折否定，前面是铺垫，后面是真实态度 actually / in fact → 纠正或补充，引出真实信息 to be honest / frankly → 引出真实想法，常与前面形成对比 well → 语气停顿，暗示犹豫或不同意 I mean → 修正或澄清前文 the problem is / the thing is → 引出负面评价 5. 听力实战三大策略 策略一：等but，不抢答 听到前半句表示同意时不要急于选择，等待but后的内容——那才是说话者的真实态度。高考听力中，很多学生失分是因为“听到前半句就选了”，没有等到but后面的转折信息。记住：肯定的开头是陷阱，but后的内容才是答案。 策略二：委婉表达=否定信号 I see your point / That's a good point / I'm not sure 等表达出现在听力中时，后面九成会跟but，表示委婉不同意。听到这些表达时，先在心里标注“疑似否定”，等but后的内容确认，再下结论。 策略三：强烈赞同无转折 Absolutely / Exactly / I couldn't agree more 等强烈赞同后，如果说话者继续补充，通常是对同一立场的延伸，不会出现转折。听到这些表达时，可以放心判定“完全赞同”，不用等后文。 6. 典型真题示例 W: I think the movie was fantastic. M: Well, it was good, but I have seen better. Q: What does the man think of the movie? 想一想：男士先说it was good（前半句肯定），但but后的真实态度是什么？“I have seen better”字面是“我看过更好的”——据此判断，他觉得这部电影是“非常好”还是“只是还行”？做题前，先回忆“等but”策略，锁定but后的内容再下结论。你的答案（A. He thinks it is fantastic. B. He thinks it is just okay. C. He thinks it is terrible.）：______ Part 3 听力训练 说明：以下对话与短文由教师朗读或播放录音，学生完成听力任务。本部分题目按难度分层编排：基础层练信息抓取，中档层练语用判断，挑战层练态度推断，层层递进。 Task 1: 听对话，选择最佳答案（听两遍） 【教师朗读稿】 Dialogue 1: Mike: I think schools should make PE class compulsory every day. Exercise is really important for both our physical and mental health. Sarah: I couldn't agree more. Actually, studies show that students who exercise regularly perform better in their studies. Mike: Exactly! And it's also a great way to relieve stress from exams. Sarah: That's a good point. I think all students should have at least one hour of physical activity every day. Dialogue 2: Tom: The current PE grading system is unfair. It only measures skills, not effort. Lucy: That's partly true, but measuring effort is difficult. How do you grade “trying hard”? Tom: I see your point, but students who are not naturally athletic also deserve recognition. Lucy: I agree to some extent. Maybe we should consider both skill and improvement. Dialogue 3: Amy: I think PE grades should be counted in the total score. It is just as important as other subjects. Ben: That is a good point, but adding PE to the total score might put too much pressure on students who are not athletic. Amy: I see what you mean, but if we do not count it, students might not take PE seriously. Ben: Actually, many students already enjoy PE without it being counted. I am not sure adding pressure is the answer. Dialogue 4: Cathy: Our school is going to require morning runs every day. I think it is a total waste of time. David: To be honest, I felt the same way at first. But actually, morning exercise helps me stay focused in class. Cathy: Well, I still prefer sleeping in. But I guess a short run would not hurt. David: Exactly! It is only 15 minutes, and it wakes you up better than coffee. 【基础层·信息获取】 听第1段对话，回答第1~2题。 1. What is Mike's opinion about PE class? A. It should be compulsory every day. B. It should be optional. C. It should be replaced by other subjects. 我的答案：______ 2. How does Sarah respond to Mike's opinion? A. She agrees completely. B. She disagrees strongly. C. She is not sure. 我的答案：______ 【中档层·语用判断】 听第2段对话，回答第3~5题。 3. What is Tom's main concern about the PE grading system? A. It is unfair to less athletic students. B. It focuses too much on skill. C. It is too difficult for most students. 我的答案：______ 4. How does Lucy respond to Tom at first? A. She fully agrees. B. She strongly disagrees. C. She partially agrees. 我的答案：______ 5. What is Lucy's final suggestion? A. Consider both skill and improvement. B. Keep the current system. C. Remove PE grading completely. 我的答案：______ 【挑战层·态度推断】 听第3~4段对话，回答第6~9题。 6. What is Amy's opinion about PE grades? A. They should be optional. B. They should be counted in the total score. C. They should be removed from school. 我的答案：______ 7. What is Ben's real attitude towards counting PE in the total score? A. He strongly supports it. B. He has no opinion. C. He politely disagrees. 我的答案：______ 8. What is Cathy's initial attitude towards morning runs? A. Very supportive. B. Thinks it is a waste of time. C. Not sure. 我的答案：______ 9. How does David's attitude change? A. He was hesitant at first but now agrees. B. He was always supportive. C. He still disagrees with morning runs. 我的答案：______ Task 2: 听短文填空（听两遍） 【教师朗读稿】 In a recent class survey, students shared their opinions on school sports. Most students (1)______ that the school should provide more sports equipment. However, some (2)______, saying that the current facilities are good enough. When asked about weekly sports hours, over 70% of students (3)______ that two hours per week is necessary. Interestingly, all students (4)______ that sports are important for their health and study. Fill in the blanks with the words you hear.（每空一词） (1) ___________ (2) ___________ (3) ___________ (4) ___________ 任务提示：填空中注意区分发音相近的动词（如believe与agree），靠首辅音区分——believe以/b/开头，agree以/ə/开头。同时注意However是Part 2讲过的“转折信号词”，它前后说话者的态度是相反的，可据此判断该空应填“同意”还是“不同意”类的动词。 Part 4 口语实践 Task 1: Pair Work — 角色扮演 从以下三个场景中任选一个，与搭档编一段对话，至少使用3个不同的同意/不同意表达。 场景提示：表达不同意时，先想清楚“对方观点里有哪一点是合理的”，从那里切入肯定，再用but引出自己的不同看法——这样既礼貌又有说服力。 Scenario A: Discuss whether e-sports should be recognized as a real sport. Scenario B: Discuss whether students should be required to join at least one sports club. Scenario C: Discuss whether spending too much time on fitness is a waste of study time. 我的对话（写作区）： ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 【示范对话（Scenario A）】 注意对话中功能句的使用，看双方如何“先肯定再转折”。 A: I think e-sports should be recognized as a real sport. They require skill, strategy, and teamwork. B: That's a good point, but e-sports don't involve physical activity. Isn't that the key part of sports? A: I see what you mean, but chess is considered a sport too, and it doesn't involve much physical activity. B: That's partly true. However, traditional sports focus on physical fitness, which e-sports don't promote. A: I agree to some extent, but e-sports do improve hand-eye coordination and quick decision-making. B: Not necessarily. I think those skills can be developed through other activities too. A: I'm not sure I agree. Professional e-sports players train just as hard as traditional athletes. B: Absolutely! They do train hard. But I still think we should call it a “competition” rather than a “sport”. 半控制练习：补全对话 从方框中选择合适的功能句填入空白处（每个限用一次）。 方框：I agree / I see your point but / That's partly true / Not necessarily / I'm not sure I agree A: I think students should spend at least one hour on sports every day. B: (1)__________________. It's good for both physical and mental health. A: But what about students who have too much homework? They don't have time. B: (2)____________________, but sports can actually improve study efficiency. A: (3)____________________. Not all students enjoy sports. B: (4)____________________! They can choose activities they like, not just traditional sports. A: (5)____________________. Walking or dancing also counts as exercise. Task 2: Group Discussion — Sportsmanship Debate 四人一组，讨论以下情境，注意在争论中练习“先肯定再转折”的表达方式： During a school basketball game, Team A wins because Team B's best player gets injured. Some people say it's a fair win; others say it's not a real victory. What do you think? Useful expressions: Starting your opinion: “In my opinion...” / “I believe that...” Agreeing: “That's a good point.” / “I agree.” / “Exactly!” Disagreeing politely: “I see your point, but...” / “I'm not sure I agree.” Asking for others' opinions: “What do you think?” / “How about you?” 我的观点记录（写作区）： ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Part 5 巩固练习 一、单项选择（基础层） 选出最佳表达。每题对应一个考点，完成后回看Part 2中对应的考点分析，检验自己的判断。 1. — I think morning exercise is a great way to start the day. — ________. It helps me feel more energetic in class. A. I'm not sure about that B. I couldn't agree more C. That's not how I see it D. I'm afraid I disagree 【考点】强烈同意表达识别。 我的答案：______ 2. — Students should spend more time on sports instead of playing video games. — ________, but some video games can also improve problem-solving skills. A. I agree to some extent B. I don't think so C. You're absolutely wrong D. Not at all 【考点】部分同意+but转折结构。 我的答案：______ 3. — Do you think every school should have a swimming pool? — ________. Not every school has enough space or budget. A. Absolutely B. I couldn't agree more C. Not necessarily D. That's a good point 【考点】Not necessarily的语用功能——质疑必然性而非完全否定。 我的答案：______ 4. — I believe that winning isn't everything; participation matters more. — ________! That's the true spirit of sports. A. I'm afraid I disagree B. That's exactly what I was thinking C. I'm not sure about that D. Not necessarily 【考点】强烈赞同识别。 我的答案：______ 5. — The school should cancel the long-distance running event because it's too hard. — ________, but running is a basic skill that everyone can develop with practice. A. I totally disagree B. You're absolutely right C. I see your point D. I don't think so 【考点】礼貌反驳模板——先理解后转折。 我的答案：______ 二、完成对话（中档层） 根据上下文填入恰当的同意/不同意表达。答案不唯一，合理即可，但要注意“先肯定再转折”的语用逻辑。 A: I think the school sports meet should be held twice a year instead of once. B: (1)____________________. It gives students more chances to participate. A: But won't it take up too much time for studying? B: (2)____________________, but sports meets don't last that long. Besides, the break from study can actually improve efficiency. A: (3)____________________. I didn't think about it that way. B: And think about the team spirit! Students from different classes get to work together. A: (4)____________________! That's a great point. 三、听力填空（挑战层） 听短文，填入所缺的功能表达词。注意：需要根据上下文（尤其是转折词but/However）判断说话者的态度是同意还是不同意。 【教师朗读稿】 In our class discussion about sports, different students had different opinions. Li Hua said everyone should do at least two hours of exercise every day. Wang Fang (1)__________, saying that study time is more important. Zhang Wei (2)__________, saying that exercise is necessary for good health. But Zhao Lin (3)__________, pointing out that quality matters more than quantity. In the end, they all (4)__________ that some form of exercise is necessary for everyone. (1) ___________ (2) ___________ (3) ___________ (4) ___________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $