专题03 Unit 3 Times change! 【语境串考点】一轮高频考点 单元备考学案 -2027届高三英语外研版选择性必修第二册

该高中英语高考复习学案系统梳理了选修二Unit 3及高考高频词汇，以“时代变迁”语境串记语篇为核心，将decade、economic等12个核心词按主题逻辑串联，通过词根拆解、词性变化总表等模块，引导学生自主梳理词形词义及搭配，构建系统的词汇知识网络，提升语言能力。 亮点在于自主学习设计与思维品质培养，如设置语法填空、语篇默写及关联阅读任务，学生通过自我检测模板复述记忆链诊断掌握情况，写作词汇升级环节助力语言表达提升。此设计支持学生个性化复习，培养自主学习能力，教师可借学情数据精准指导，实现因材施教。

乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点 专题03【语境串考点】第三单元备考学案（外研版2019） 高考高频知识点：decade / legendary / journalist / era / reform / initiative / economic / expand / component / accessible / humble / convincing （知识点来源：选修二 Unit 3 · Times change! + 高考高频知识点） 学校:______________ 姓名: ______________ 班级: ______________ 座号: ______________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记语篇 1 【英文语篇】 1 【中文译文】 1 Part 2 知识点列表 1 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 2 Part 4 词性变化总表 8 Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 8 【练习题】 8 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 9 【练习题】 9 Part 7 关联阅读 10 Part 8 写作运用 — 词汇升级 11 Part 9 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 12 Part 1 语境串记语篇 【英文语篇】 My grandfather grew up in a small street near the city centre, and he often tells me how much our city has changed in the past few decades. When he was young, the street was full of humble shops and narrow houses, and life was hard. He remembers the early days of the reform and opening-up, when the economic changes slowly reached every corner of the country. As a journalist, he wrote about those changes for forty years, and he still keeps every article he published, like a diary of a whole era. Last week, my grandfather took me back to that street, which has become legendary in our family. The old shops are gone, and in their place stands a modern library that has expanded three times since it opened. The library is now a key component of the community, and it is accessible to everyone, young and old, from early morning to late evening. My grandfather smiled and told me about a local initiative to turn old buildings into cultural centres. To make the plan convincing, he showed me photos of other cities where similar projects had succeeded. He said that the street is no longer a place from his memory, but a bridge between his era and ours. 【中文译文】 我的祖父在市中心附近的一条小街上长大，他常告诉我这座城市在过去几十年（decade）里发生了多大的变化。他年轻时，街上满是简陋（humble）的店铺和狭窄的房屋，生活很艰苦。他记得改革开放（reform）初期的日子，那时经济（economic）的变化慢慢传遍全国的每个角落。作为一名记者（journalist），他写了四十年这些变化，至今仍保存着发表的每一篇文章，像是一个时代（era）的日记。 上周，祖父带我回到那条街，它在我们家已经成了传奇（legendary）般的地方。老店铺不见了，取而代之的是一座现代图书馆，它自开放以来已扩建（expand）了三倍。图书馆现在是社区的重要组成部分（component），从清晨到深夜，对所有人开放（accessible）。祖父微笑着给我讲了一个把老建筑改造成文化中心的本地倡议（initiative）。为了让计划更有说服力（convincing），他给我看了其他城市类似项目成功的照片。他说，那条街已不再是他记忆中的地方，而是连接他的时代与我们时代的桥梁。 💡 语境串联记忆线索：祖父在旧街长大→几十年城市巨变→早年简陋店铺→改革开放初期→经济变化传遍全国→当记者写变化四十年→文章如时代日记→街道成了传奇→旧店变成图书馆→扩建三倍→社区重要组成部分→人人可及→本地倡议改造老建筑→照片让计划有说服力→街道是连接两个时代的桥 记忆链：decade → humble → reform → economic → journalist → era → legendary → expand → component → accessible → initiative → convincing Part 2 知识点列表 序号 知识点 音标 词性 + 释义 + ⚡考点： 1 decade /ˈdekeɪd/ n. 十年，十年期 ⚡考点：in the past few decades 在过去几十年；decades of 数十年的；the next decade 下一个十年 2 legendary /ˈledʒəndri/ adj. 传奇的，著名的；传说中的 ⚡考点：a legendary figure 传奇人物；legendary stories 传奇故事；legend n. 传说 3 journalist /ˈdʒɜːnəlɪst/ n. 记者，新闻工作者 ⚡考点：a local journalist 当地记者；journalism n. 新闻业；journal n. 期刊；日记 4 era /ˈɪərə/ n. 时代，年代 ⚡考点：a new era 新时代；the era of... …的时代；bring in a new era 开创一个新时代 5 reform /rɪˈfɔːm/ n. 改革，改良 v. 改革 ⚡考点：economic reform 经济改革；carry out a reform 推行改革；reform and opening-up 改革开放 6 initiative /ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/ n. 倡议；主动性；主动权 ⚡考点：a local initiative 本地倡议；take the initiative 采取主动；on one's own initiative 主动地 7 economic /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk/ adj. 经济的，经济上的 ⚡考点：economic growth 经济增长；economic reform 经济改革；economy n. 经济；economical adj. 节约的 8 expand /ɪkˈspænd/ v. 扩大，扩展；膨胀 ⚡考点：expand the business 扩大业务；expand into 扩展到；expansion n. 扩张；expanding adj. 不断扩大的 9 component /kəmˈpəʊnənt/ n. 组成部分，部件 ⚡考点：a key component of …的关键组成部分；component parts 零件；compose v. 组成 10 accessible /əkˈsesəbl/ adj. 可到达的；可使用的；易理解的 ⚡考点：be accessible to 对…可及；accessible to everyone 人人可用；access n. 进入；accessibility n. 可及性 11 humble /ˈhʌmbl/ adj. 谦逊的；简陋的 ⚡考点：remain humble 保持谦逊；a humble home 简陋的家；humbly adv. 谦逊地；humility n. 谦逊 12 convincing /kənˈvɪnsɪŋ/ adj. 有说服力的，令人信服的 ⚡考点：a convincing argument 有说服力的论点；convincing evidence 令人信服的证据；convince v. 说服；be convinced of 确信 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 1. decade /ˈdekeɪd/ n. 十年，十年期 【核心考点】 decade是说明文与新闻类语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①十年——in the past few decades（在过去几十年）、decades of（数十年的）；②the next decade（下一个十年）。辨析：decade（十年）vs century（百年）vs millennium（千年）vs generation（一代人，约三十年）。写作金句：A decade is long enough to change a city, and short enough to remind us how fast time flies（十年足以改变一座城，也短得足以提醒我们时光飞逝）。 【词根联想】 希腊语deka"十"→ dekas"十个一组"→ 十年。联想：deka"十"→ decade（十年）、decimal（十进制的）、decathlon（十项全能）、December（十二月→古罗马历的十月）。记住：deka=十，decade即"十年"。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：decade意义稳定，无生义。注意in the past few decades为高考高频时间状语，常与现在完成时连用。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"He often tells me how much our city has changed in the past few decades, from narrow streets to wide modern roads."（他常告诉我，这座城市在过去几十年里发生了多大变化，从狭窄的街道变成宽阔的现代马路。）（经典原句·decade 十年） 【搭配词块】 in the past few decades 在过去几十年 / decades of 数十年的 / the next decade 下一个十年 / over the decades 几十年来 2. legendary /ˈledʒəndri/ adj. 传奇的，著名的；传说中的 【核心考点】 legendary是人物与历史类语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①传奇的，著名的——a legendary figure（传奇人物）、a legendary performer（传奇表演者）；②传说中的——legendary stories（传奇故事）。派生词：legend n. 传说；传奇人物→ a living legend（在世传奇）。辨析：legendary（传奇的，因成就闻名）vs famous（著名的）vs well-known（众所周知的）vs celebrated（著名的，受赞誉的）。写作金句：A street may be ordinary to some, but legendary to those who grew up there（一条街对某些人很普通，对在那里长大的人却是传奇）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语legenda"应读的东西"（legere"读"→中世纪教堂宣读圣徒事迹）→ 传说。联想：leg"读"→ legendary（传说中→传奇的）、legend（传说）、legible（易读的）、lecture（讲座→读讲）。记住：legend源自"诵读的故事"。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：legendary还可表示"（口语）非常著名的，大名鼎鼎的"，如his legendary patience（他出了名的耐心）。此义口语化，常含褒义。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The street where my grandfather grew up has become legendary in our family, and every visit brings back a new story."（祖父长大的那条街在我们家已成了传奇，每一次重访都会带回新的故事。）（经典原句·legendary 传奇的） 【搭配词块】 a legendary figure 传奇人物 / legendary stories 传奇故事 / a living legend 在世传奇 / legend n. 传说 3. journalist /ˈdʒɜːnəlɪst/ n. 记者，新闻工作者 【核心考点】 journalist是新闻与人物类语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①记者，新闻工作者——a local journalist（当地记者）、a news journalist（新闻记者）；②journalism n. 新闻业→ study journalism（学习新闻学）。派生词：journal n. 期刊；日志→ keep a journal（写日志）；journalistic adj. 新闻的。辨析：journalist（记者，新闻工作者）vs reporter（记者，报道者，更口语）vs correspondent（通讯员，特派记者）vs editor（编辑）。写作金句：A journalist is the reader's eyes and ears, standing where the reader cannot（记者是读者的耳目，站在读者到不了的地方）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语diurnalis"每日的"（dies"日"）→ journal（日报）→ journalist（为报刊写稿的人）。联想：journ"日"→ journalist（记者→逐日报道）、journal（期刊；日志）、journey（旅程→一日行程）、sojourn（逗留）。记住：journal=日记，journalist=记日记的人。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：journalist意义稳定，无生义。注意journal（期刊；日志）与journey（旅程）拼写相似，勿混淆。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"As a journalist, he wrote about those changes for forty years, and he still keeps every article he published."（作为一名记者，他写了四十年这些变化，至今仍保存着发表的每一篇文章。）（经典原句·journalist 记者） 【搭配词块】 a local journalist 当地记者 / study journalism 学习新闻学 / keep a journal 写日志 / journalistic adj. 新闻的 4. era /ˈɪərə/ n. 时代，年代 【核心考点】 era是说明文与历史类语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①时代，年代——a new era（新时代）、the era of the internet（互联网时代）；②bring in/open a new era（开创新时代）；③the modern era（现代）。辨析：era（时代，强调历史或科技的重大时期）vs age（时代，年代）vs period（时期，时间跨度）vs times（时代，时期，口语）。写作金句：Every era leaves its buildings behind, and every building tells the era it came from（每个时代都留下它的建筑，每座建筑都诉说着它来自的时代）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语aera"时代起点"（aes"铜"→罗马人以铜币计数年代）→ 时代。联想：aer"时代"→ era（时代）、aerate（充气→使空气流通）、aerial（空中的）。记住：era即"以铜计数之年"。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：era还可表示"（地质）代"，如the Mesozoic era（中生代）。此义出现在科普类语篇中，阅读中按语境理解。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"He still keeps every article he published, like a diary of a whole era of change and hope."（他仍保存着发表的每一篇文章，像一个充满变化与希望的时代日记。）（经典原句·era 时代） 【搭配词块】 a new era 新时代 / the era of... …的时代 / bring in a new era 开创新时代 / the modern era 现代 5. reform /rɪˈfɔːm/ n. 改革，改良 v. 改革 【核心考点】 reform是新闻与历史类语篇的高频名词兼动词。名词用法要点：①改革——economic reform（经济改革）、carry out a reform（推行改革）；②reform and opening-up（改革开放）；③educational reform（教育改革）。动词用法：改革——reform the system（改革制度）。派生词：reformer n. 改革者；reformation n. 改革。辨析：reform（改革，改良制度）vs change（改变）vs improve（改善）vs revolution（革命，彻底变革）。写作金句：Reform is not about forgetting the past, but about building the future on its best lessons（改革不是忘记过去，而是把未来建在过去最好的经验之上）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语reformare"重新塑造"（re-"再次"+formare"塑造"）→ 重新塑造→ 改革。联想：form"塑造"→ reform（重新塑造→改革）、reformer（改革者）、form（形式）、inform（通知→塑造信息）、transform（转变→彻底改变形态）。记住：re + form = 重新塑造。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：reform作动词还可表示"（人）改过自新，悔改"，如He promised to reform himself（他承诺改过自新）。此义中reform指人的行为改变。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"He remembers the early days of the reform and opening-up, when the economic changes slowly reached every corner of the country."（他记得改革开放初期的日子，那时经济的变化慢慢传遍全国的每个角落。）（经典原句·reform 改革） 【搭配词块】 economic reform 经济改革 / carry out a reform 推行改革 / reform and opening-up 改革开放 / reformer n. 改革者 6. initiative /ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/ n. 倡议；主动性；主动权 【核心考点】 initiative是新闻与说明文类语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①倡议——a local initiative（本地倡议）、a peace initiative（和平倡议）；②主动性——take the initiative（采取主动）——He took the initiative to help；③on one's own initiative（主动地）。派生词：initiate v. 发起，创始；initial adj. 最初的。辨析：initiative（倡议；主动性）vs proposal（提议，建议）vs plan（计划）vs project（项目）。写作金句：Great change often begins with one small initiative taken by ordinary people（伟大的变化常常始于普通人发起的一个小小倡议）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语initiare"开始"（inire"进入"→in-"进入"+ire"走"）→ 开始→ 倡议。联想：it"走"→ initiative（开始行动→倡议；主动性）、initiate（发起）、initial（最初的）、exit（出口→走出去）、itinerary（行程→行走计划）。记住：in + it = 迈出第一步。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：initiative还可表示"主动权，先手"，如seize the initiative（掌握主动权）。此义常见于军事与体育类语篇。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"He told me about a local initiative to turn old buildings into cultural centres, so that history and modern life could meet."（他给我讲了一个把老建筑改造成文化中心的本地倡议，让历史与现代生活相遇。）（经典原句·initiative 倡议） 【搭配词块】 a local initiative 本地倡议 / take the initiative 采取主动 / on one's own initiative 主动地 / initiate v. 发起 7. economic /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk/ adj. 经济的，经济上的 【核心考点】 economic是说明文与新闻类语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①经济的——economic growth（经济增长）、economic reform（经济改革）、economic development（经济发展）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：economy n. 经济→ the local economy（当地经济）；economical adj. 节约的→ an economical car（省油的车）；economist n. 经济学家。辨析是高考重点：economic（经济的，经济上的）vs economical（节约的，实惠的）vs financial（财政的，金融的）。写作金句：Economic progress should never come at the cost of a community's soul（经济进步绝不应以社区的灵魂为代价）。 【词根联想】 希腊语oikonomia"家务管理"（oikos"家"+nomos"管理"）→ 管理家产→ 经济的。联想：eco"家"→ economic（经济的）、economy（经济）、ecology（生态学）、ecosystem（生态系统）、economical（节约的）。记住：eco=家，经济即"理家"。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：economic无生义，注意与economical（节约的）区分——economic强调"经济层面的"，economical强调"省钱省资源的"。 【真题原句】 （2021·北京卷·阅读D·economic 形容词作定语）"The call for public engagement with the unthinkable is especially germane in this moment of still-uncontrolled pandemic and economic crises in the world's most technologically advanced nations."（呼吁公众关注不可想象之事，在世界上技术最先进国家仍深陷疫情与经济危机之际，显得尤为切题。）（真题原句·economic 经济的） 【搭配词块】 economic growth 经济增长 / economic reform 经济改革 / economic development 经济发展 / economy n. 经济 8. expand /ɪkˈspænd/ v. 扩大，扩展；膨胀 【核心考点】 expand是说明文与新闻类语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①扩大，扩展——expand the business（扩大业务）、expand into（扩展到）——The company expanded into new markets；②膨胀——Metals expand when heated。派生词是语法填空高频考点：expansion n. 扩张，扩大→ the expansion of the city（城市的扩张）；expanding adj. 不断扩大的。辨析：expand（扩大，扩展，范围变大）vs extend（延伸，延长）vs enlarge（放大，使更大）vs spread（扩散，蔓延）。写作金句：A library that never expands is a book that never finishes being written（从不扩充的图书馆，是一本永远写不完的书）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语expandere"展开"（ex-"向外"+pandere"展开"）→ 向外展开→ 扩大。联想：pand"展开"→ expand（向外展开→扩大）、expansion（扩张）、expanse（广阔区域）、spread（铺开）。记住：ex + pand = 向外展开。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：expand还可表示"（笑容）绽放，（市场）扩大"，如Her smile expanded into laughter（她的微笑化作笑声）。此义生动，阅读中注意。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The old shops are gone, and in their place stands a modern library that has expanded three times since it opened."（老店铺不见了，取而代之的是一座自开放以来已扩建三倍的现代图书馆。）（经典原句·expand 扩建） 【搭配词块】 expand the business 扩大业务 / expand into 扩展到 / expansion n. 扩张 / expanding adj. 不断扩大的 9. component /kəmˈpəʊnənt/ n. 组成部分，部件 【核心考点】 component是说明文与科技类语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①组成部分——a key component of（…的关键组成部分）——Trust is a key component of friendship；②部件——component parts（零部件）。辨析：component（组成部分，部件，强调构成整体的一部分）vs part（部分，最普通）vs element（要素，元素）vs ingredient（成分，配料）。写作金句：A community is more than its buildings; people are the most important component of any street（社区不止是建筑；人才是任何一条街最重要的组成部分）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语componere"放在一起"（com-"一起"+ponere"放置"）→ 放在一起的部分→ 组成部分。联想：pon"放置"→ component（放在一起→部件）、compose（组成→放在一起）、position（位置）、opponent（对手→置于对面）。记住：com + ponent = 合在一起的部分。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：component还可作形容词表示"组成的，构成的"，如component parts（组成部件）。此义中component作定语。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The library is now a key component of the community, where students, workers and old people all find a corner for themselves."（图书馆现在是社区的关键组成部分，学生、工人和老人都能在这里找到属于自己的一角。）（经典原句·component 组成部分） 【搭配词块】 a key component of …的关键组成部分 / component parts 零件 / an important component 重要的组成部分 / compose v. 组成 10. accessible /əkˈsesəbl/ adj. 可到达的；可使用的；易理解的 【核心考点】 accessible是说明文与议论文的高频形容词。用法要点：①可到达的——The park is accessible by bus；②可使用的，可及的——be accessible to（对…可及）——The library is accessible to everyone；③易理解的——accessible language（易懂的语言）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：access n. 进入；使用机会→ have access to（有机会使用）；accessibility n. 可及性；inaccessible adj. 不可及的。辨析：accessible（可及的，可使用的）vs available（可获得的）vs reachable（可到达的）vs understandable（可理解的）。写作金句：Knowledge should be accessible to all, like water and air（知识应当像水和空气一样人人可得）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语accedere"走近"（ad-"向"+cedere"走"）→ 可以走近的→ 可到达的。联想：cess"走"→ accessible（可走近→可及）、access（进入→走近）、accessory（配件）、process（过程→向前走）、success（成功→走下去）。记住：ac + cess = 可走近的。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：accessible还可表示"（文章、语言）易懂的"，如The book is written in accessible language（这本书用易懂的语言写成）。此义常见于书评类语篇。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The library is accessible to everyone, young and old, from early morning to late evening, free of charge."（图书馆从清晨到深夜对所有人开放，不分老幼，且完全免费。）（经典原句·accessible 可使用的） 【搭配词块】 be accessible to 对…可及 / have access to 有机会使用 / accessibility n. 可及性 / inaccessible adj. 不可及的 11. humble /ˈhʌmbl/ adj. 谦逊的；简陋的 【核心考点】 humble是人物与记叙文类语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①谦逊的——remain humble（保持谦逊）、a humble man（谦逊的人）；②简陋的，卑微的——a humble home（简陋的家）、of humble origin（出身卑微）。派生词：humbly adv. 谦逊地；humility n. 谦逊。辨析：humble（谦逊的；简陋的）vs modest（谦虚的；适度的）vs plain（朴素的）vs simple（简单的）。写作金句：Stay humble in success and steady in failure, and you will grow in both（成功时保持谦逊，失败时保持镇定，你将在两种境遇中成长）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语humilis"低下的"（humus"泥土"）→ 贴近泥土的→ 谦卑的。联想：hum"泥土"→ humble（贴近泥土→谦逊）、humility（谦逊）、humiliate（羞辱→使人低到泥土）、human（人→泥土所造）。记住：hum=土，humble即"接地气"。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：humble还可表示"（地位）卑微的，低下的"，如He rose from a humble background（他出身卑微）。此义常与origin/background连用。 【真题原句】 （2022·北京卷·阅读表达·humble 形容词作表语）"Tom has been awarded several prizes, but this teenage innovator remains humble."（汤姆获得过好几个奖项，但这位少年创新者依然保持谦逊。）（真题原句·humble 谦逊的） 【搭配词块】 remain humble 保持谦逊 / a humble man 谦逊的人 / a humble home 简陋的家 / humility n. 谦逊 12. convincing /kənˈvɪnsɪŋ/ adj. 有说服力的，令人信服的 【核心考点】 convincing是议论文与新闻类语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①有说服力的——a convincing argument（有说服力的论点）、convincing evidence（令人信服的证据）；②使人信服的——a convincing explanation（令人信服的解释）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：convince v. 说服→ convince sb. of sth./that...（使某人相信）；be convinced of/that（确信）；convincingly adv. 令人信服地。辨析：convincing（有说服力的）vs persuasive（有说服力的，劝导性的）vs believable（可信的）vs reasonable（合理的）。写作金句：Facts are the most convincing language in the world（事实是世界上最有说服力的语言）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语convincere"彻底说服"（con-"完全"+vincere"征服"）→ 彻底征服→ 说服。联想：vinc"征服"→ convincing（征服人心的→有说服力）、convince（说服）、convict（定罪→征服证明有罪）、victory（胜利→征服的结果）。记住：con + vince = 征服人心。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：convincing意义稳定，无生义。注意convince sb. to do（说服某人做）与convince sb. of sth.（使某人相信）搭配不同。 【真题原句】 （2021·新高考Ⅱ卷·完形·convincing 形容词作定语）"Dirty shorts and old shoes gave him the appearance of a real beggar, and his convincing dialect soon won him the trust of the beggars."（脏短裤和旧鞋子让他看起来像个真正的乞丐，而他令人信服的口音很快赢得了乞丐们的信任。）（真题原句·convincing 令人信服的） 【搭配词块】 a convincing argument 有说服力的论点 / convincing evidence 令人信服的证据 / convince sb. of 使某人相信 / be convinced that 确信 Part 4 词性变化总表 原词 派生词1 派生词2 派生词3 核心搭配 decade --- --- --- in the past few decades / decades of legendary legend (n.) --- --- a legendary figure / a living legend journalist journalism (n.) journal (n.) journalistic (adj.) a local journalist / study journalism era --- --- --- a new era / the era of reform reformer (n.) reformation (n.) reformed (adj.) economic reform / carry out a reform initiative initiate (v.) initial (adj.) initiator (n.) take the initiative / a local initiative economic economy (n.) economical (adj.) economist (n.) economic growth / the local economy expand expansion (n.) expanding (adj.) expansive (adj.) expand the business / expansion component compose (v.) composition (n.) --- a key component of / component parts accessible access (n./v.) accessibility (n.) inaccessible (adj.) be accessible to / have access to humble humbly (adv.) humility (n.) humiliate (v.) remain humble / humility convincing convince (v.) convincingly (adv.) convinced (adj.) a convincing argument / convince sb. of Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 【练习题】 1.（2022北京卷·阅读表达·改编）Tom has been awarded several prizes, but this teenage innovator remains ____________ (humbly). 2.（2021新高考Ⅱ卷·完形·改编）His ____________ (convincingly) dialect soon won him the trust of the beggars. 3.（2021北京卷·阅读D·改编）The call for public engagement is especially germane in this moment of pandemic and ____________ (economy) crises. 4.（2026山东济南·模拟）In the past few ____________ (decade), our city has changed beyond recognition. 5.（2026广东广州·模拟）The story of the old street has become ____________ (legend) in our family. 6.（2026江苏南京·模拟）As a ____________ (journalism), he reported on the city's changes for forty years. 7.（2026浙江杭州·模拟）The invention opened a new ____________ (eras) in the history of communication. 8.（2026四川成都·模拟）The country carried out a series of ____________ (reformer) in its education system. 9.（2026湖北武汉·模拟）The students took the ____________ (initiate) to clean up the park near their school. 10.（2026河北石家庄·模拟）The company has ____________ (expansion) into three new cities this year. 11.（2026福建厦门·模拟）Trust is a key ____________ (compose) of any strong friendship. 12.（2026江西南昌·模拟）The new museum is ____________ (access) to everyone, including people in wheelchairs. 13.（2026安徽合肥·模拟）He remained ____________ (humble) even after winning the national prize. 14.（2026陕西西安·模拟）The evidence he gave was so ____________ (convince) that nobody doubted him. 15.（2026湖南长沙·模拟）The ____________ (economic) of the region grew rapidly during those ten years. 【答案】 1. humble 2. convincing 3. economic 4. decades 5. legendary 6. journalist 7. era 8. reforms 9. initiative 10. expanded 11. component 12. accessible 13. humble 14. convincing 15. economy 【逐题解析】 1. humble — 提示词humbly为副词，系动词remains后须用形容词作表语，remain humble意为"保持谦逊"。 2. convincing — 提示词convincingly为副词，his后修饰名词dialect须用形容词，convincing意为"令人信服的"。 3. economic — 提示词economy为名词，修饰名词crises须用形容词，economic crises意为"经济危机"。 4. decades — 提示词decade为单数，few后须用复数，the past few decades意为"过去几十年"。 5. legendary — 提示词legend为名词，become后须用形容词作表语，legendary意为"传奇的"。 6. journalist — 提示词journalism为名词，as a后须用指人的名词，a journalist意为"一名记者"。 7. era — 提示词eras为复数，a new后须用单数名词，a new era意为"新时代"。 8. reforms — 提示词reformer为名词（改革者），a series of后须用名词复数，reforms意为"改革"。 9. initiative — 提示词initiate为动词，take the initiative为固定搭配，须用名词initiative。 10. expanded — 提示词expansion为名词，主语the company后缺谓语，has后须用过去分词，用expanded。 11. component — 提示词compose为动词，a key后须用名词，a key component意为"关键组成部分"。 12. accessible — 提示词access为名词，be accessible to为固定搭配，须用形容词accessible。 13. humble — 提示词humble为形容词，remained后直接作表语，保持原形humble。 14. convincing — 提示词convince为动词，so后须用形容词，convincing意为"有说服力的"。 15. economy — 提示词economic为形容词，定冠词the后须用名词，the economy意为"经济"。 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 【练习题】 祖父在旧街长大，常说城市在过去几十____________（十年）巨变：早年是____________（简陋的）店铺，改革（reform）开放初期____________（经济的）变化传遍全国；他当____________（记者）四十年，文章像____________（时代）日记。 那条街在家族里已成____________（传奇的）；旧店变成图书馆，____________（扩建）三倍，是社区的____________（组成部分），对所有人____________（可及的）；本地____________（倡议）改造老建筑，照片让计划更有____________（说服力的）。 【答案】 decades; humble; economic; journalist; era; legendary; expand; component; accessible; initiative; convincing Part 7 关联阅读 In the 1980s, my grandmother opened a small noodle shop at the corner of our street. The shop was humble: four tables, two pots and a hand-written menu on the wall, but the soup she made drew customers from every corner of the district. Over the decades, the street around her shop changed completely. The old houses became offices, the bicycles gave way to cars, and every few years a new building seemed to appear overnight. Yet her little shop stayed exactly the same, like a small island in a river of time. People who had moved away still came back just for one bowl of her soup. In the 1990s, a journalist wrote a story about her shop, calling it "the taste of the whole era". The article made her famous overnight, and people began to line up at her door. With the economic boom of those years, my grandmother could have expanded the shop into a restaurant, but she refused. She said a noodle shop is not a business to her; it is a memory, and memories should not be stretched too thin. Instead, she supported a local initiative to teach young cooks the old recipes, so that the taste would never disappear even if the shop itself one day did. Last year, the street was renamed in her honour, and the shop became a legendary place that visitors from other cities come to find. The city made the shop accessible to more people by widening the sidewalk, and it is now an important component of the neighbourhood's identity. When my grandmother tells the story of the street, she always ends with the same words: "Times change, buildings change, but a bowl of good soup stays the same." Her argument is simple and convincing: the best thing about change is that it makes us value what never changes, and the best way to face the future is to remember where the warmth comes from. That, she says, is the real recipe she will leave us, and no change can ever boil it away. 1. What was the noodle shop like at the beginning? A. It was a large restaurant with many tables. B. It was a simple shop with four tables. C. It was famous for its expensive dishes. D. It was closed during the day. 2. Why did the grandmother refuse to expand the shop? A. She did not have enough money. B. The street was too narrow for a restaurant. C. She wanted to keep the shop as a memory. D. The government did not allow her to build. 3. What happened to the street last year? A. It was named after the grandmother. B. The noodle shop was pulled down. C. All the old houses were rebuilt. D. The journalist opened a new shop. 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Noodle shops should always stay small. B. Journalists should write about local food. C. Cities should never build new buildings. D. Change makes us treasure what stays the same. 【参考答案与高考标准解析】 答案：1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 第1题（细节理解题·高考高频）：首段直接描写面馆——"The shop was humble: four tables, two pots and a hand-written menu on the wall"，面馆很简陋：四张桌子、两口锅和一张手写菜单，与B项It was a simple shop with four tables对应，故选B。A项"大餐厅"、C项"菜肴昂贵"、D项"白天不营业"均与原文不符。 第2题（细节理解题·高考核心）：第二段是解题句——"She said a noodle shop is not a business to her; it is a memory, and memories should not be stretched too thin"，祖母认为面馆对她而言不是生意而是记忆，记忆不应被扯得太薄，与C项She wanted to keep the shop as a memory吻合，故选C。A项"钱不够"、B项"街道太窄"、D项"政府不允许"均无依据。 第3题（细节理解题·高考核心）：第三段首句是解题句——"the street was renamed in her honour"，街道以她的名字重新命名，与A项It was named after the grandmother一致，故选A。B项"面馆被拆除"、C项"老屋全部重建"、D项"记者开了新店"均与原文相悖。 第4题（主旨大意题·高考压轴）：全文以祖母面馆的变迁为线索：街道几十年巨变而面馆不变，末段点明主旨——"Times change, buildings change, but a bowl of good soup stays the same...the best thing about change is that it makes us value what never changes"，变化让我们珍惜不变的东西，与D项Change makes us treasure what stays the same吻合，故选D。A项"面馆应保持小规模"、B项"记者应写本地食物"、C项"城市不该建新楼"均以偏概全或偏离主题。 📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇：decade, legendary, journalist, era, reform, initiative, economic, expand, component, accessible, humble, convincing Part 8 写作运用 — 词汇升级 同义转换：用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词，提升写作表达 1. The city has changed a lot over the past ten years. → The city has changed a lot over the past few ____________. 2. The old theatre is very famous in the history of our town. → The old theatre is ____________ in the history of our town. 3. The man who writes news for the local paper interviewed my grandfather. → The ____________ for the local paper interviewed my grandfather. 4. The invention of the computer opened a completely new period of history. → The invention of the computer opened a completely new ____________. 5. The school carried out a big change in its teaching methods last year. → The school carried out a big ____________ in its teaching methods last year. 6. The students took the first step to clean the river near their school. → The students took the ____________ to clean the river near their school. 7. The money problems of the country have become more serious this year. → The ____________ problems of the country have become more serious this year. 8. The company plans to make its business bigger in the next three years. → The company plans to ____________ its business in the next three years. 9. Reading is a necessary part of a student's daily life. → Reading is a necessary ____________ of a student's daily life. 10. The new park is easy for everyone to reach, even for the elderly. → The new park is ____________ to everyone, even for the elderly. 11. He is a modest man who never shows off his achievements. → He is a ____________ man who never shows off his achievements. 12. Her explanation was so believable that everyone accepted it at once. → Her explanation was so ____________ that everyone accepted it at once. 【答案】 1. decades 2. legendary 3. journalist 4. era 5. reform 6. initiative 7. economic 8. expand 9. component 10. accessible 11. humble 12. convincing Part 9 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 遮挡提示，尝试用12个目标词复述下面这条记忆链： 记忆链：decade → humble → reform → economic → journalist → era → legendary → expand → component → accessible → initiative → convincing 复述模板（填空）： 几十____________（十年）间城市巨变：早年____________（简陋的）店铺，改革（reform）开放后____________（经济的）变化传遍全国；祖父当____________（记者）四十年，文章是____________（时代）日记。 旧街成____________（传奇的）；图书馆____________（扩建）三倍，是社区____________（组成部分），对所有人____________（可及的）；本地____________（倡议）改造老建筑，照片让计划____________（有说服力的）。 你的复述： __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 【自我检测答案】 填空答案：decades; humble; economic; journalist; era; legendary; expand; component; accessible; initiative; convincing 复述模板参考版本： Over the past few decades, our city has changed completely. The humble shops of my grandfather's youth gave way to modern buildings after the reform and opening-up, and the economic changes reached every corner of the country. As a journalist, he wrote about those changes for forty years, like a diary of a whole era. The street where he grew up has become legendary in our family. The library there has expanded three times, and it is now a key component of the community, accessible to everyone. A local initiative turned old buildings into cultural centres, and the photos he showed me made the plan truly convincing. 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点 专题03【语境串考点】第三单元备考学案（外研版2019） 高考高频知识点：decade / legendary / journalist / era / reform / initiative / economic / expand / component / accessible / humble / convincing （知识点来源：选修二 Unit 3 · Times change! + 高考高频知识点） 学校:______________ 姓名: ______________ 班级: ______________ 座号: ______________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记语篇 1 【英文语篇】 1 【中文译文】 1 Part 2 知识点列表 2 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 2 Part 4 词性变化总表 8 Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 9 【练习题】 9 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 9 【练习题】 9 Part 7 关联阅读 10 Part 8 写作运用 — 词汇升级 10 Part 9 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 11 Part 1 语境串记语篇 【英文语篇】 My grandfather grew up in a small street near the city centre, and he often tells me how much our city has changed in the past few decades. When he was young, the street was full of humble shops and narrow houses, and life was hard. He remembers the early days of the reform and opening-up, when the economic changes slowly reached every corner of the country. As a journalist, he wrote about those changes for forty years, and he still keeps every article he published, like a diary of a whole era. Last week, my grandfather took me back to that street, which has become legendary in our family. The old shops are gone, and in their place stands a modern library that has expanded three times since it opened. The library is now a key component of the community, and it is accessible to everyone, young and old, from early morning to late evening. My grandfather smiled and told me about a local initiative to turn old buildings into cultural centres. To make the plan convincing, he showed me photos of other cities where similar projects had succeeded. He said that the street is no longer a place from his memory, but a bridge between his era and ours. 【中文译文】 我的祖父在市中心附近的一条小街上长大，他常告诉我这座城市在过去几十年（decade）里发生了多大的变化。他年轻时，街上满是简陋（humble）的店铺和狭窄的房屋，生活很艰苦。他记得改革开放（reform）初期的日子，那时经济（economic）的变化慢慢传遍全国的每个角落。作为一名记者（journalist），他写了四十年这些变化，至今仍保存着发表的每一篇文章，像是一个时代（era）的日记。 上周，祖父带我回到那条街，它在我们家已经成了传奇（legendary）般的地方。老店铺不见了，取而代之的是一座现代图书馆，它自开放以来已扩建（expand）了三倍。图书馆现在是社区的重要组成部分（component），从清晨到深夜，对所有人开放（accessible）。祖父微笑着给我讲了一个把老建筑改造成文化中心的本地倡议（initiative）。为了让计划更有说服力（convincing），他给我看了其他城市类似项目成功的照片。他说，那条街已不再是他记忆中的地方，而是连接他的时代与我们时代的桥梁。 💡 语境串联记忆线索：祖父在旧街长大→几十年城市巨变→早年简陋店铺→改革开放初期→经济变化传遍全国→当记者写变化四十年→文章如时代日记→街道成了传奇→旧店变成图书馆→扩建三倍→社区重要组成部分→人人可及→本地倡议改造老建筑→照片让计划有说服力→街道是连接两个时代的桥 记忆链：decade → humble → reform → economic → journalist → era → legendary → expand → component → accessible → initiative → convincing Part 2 知识点列表 序号 知识点 音标 词性 + 释义 + ⚡考点： 1 decade /ˈdekeɪd/ n. 十年，十年期 ⚡考点：in the past few decades 在过去几十年；decades of 数十年的；the next decade 下一个十年 2 legendary /ˈledʒəndri/ adj. 传奇的，著名的；传说中的 ⚡考点：a legendary figure 传奇人物；legendary stories 传奇故事；legend n. 传说 3 journalist /ˈdʒɜːnəlɪst/ n. 记者，新闻工作者 ⚡考点：a local journalist 当地记者；journalism n. 新闻业；journal n. 期刊；日记 4 era /ˈɪərə/ n. 时代，年代 ⚡考点：a new era 新时代；the era of... …的时代；bring in a new era 开创一个新时代 5 reform /rɪˈfɔːm/ n. 改革，改良 v. 改革 ⚡考点：economic reform 经济改革；carry out a reform 推行改革；reform and opening-up 改革开放 6 initiative /ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/ n. 倡议；主动性；主动权 ⚡考点：a local initiative 本地倡议；take the initiative 采取主动；on one's own initiative 主动地 7 economic /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk/ adj. 经济的，经济上的 ⚡考点：economic growth 经济增长；economic reform 经济改革；economy n. 经济；economical adj. 节约的 8 expand /ɪkˈspænd/ v. 扩大，扩展；膨胀 ⚡考点：expand the business 扩大业务；expand into 扩展到；expansion n. 扩张；expanding adj. 不断扩大的 9 component /kəmˈpəʊnənt/ n. 组成部分，部件 ⚡考点：a key component of …的关键组成部分；component parts 零件；compose v. 组成 10 accessible /əkˈsesəbl/ adj. 可到达的；可使用的；易理解的 ⚡考点：be accessible to 对…可及；accessible to everyone 人人可用；access n. 进入；accessibility n. 可及性 11 humble /ˈhʌmbl/ adj. 谦逊的；简陋的 ⚡考点：remain humble 保持谦逊；a humble home 简陋的家；humbly adv. 谦逊地；humility n. 谦逊 12 convincing /kənˈvɪnsɪŋ/ adj. 有说服力的，令人信服的 ⚡考点：a convincing argument 有说服力的论点；convincing evidence 令人信服的证据；convince v. 说服；be convinced of 确信 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 1. decade /ˈdekeɪd/ n. 十年，十年期 【核心考点】 decade是说明文与新闻类语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①十年——in the past few decades（在过去几十年）、decades of（数十年的）；②the next decade（下一个十年）。辨析：decade（十年）vs century（百年）vs millennium（千年）vs generation（一代人，约三十年）。写作金句：A decade is long enough to change a city, and short enough to remind us how fast time flies（十年足以改变一座城，也短得足以提醒我们时光飞逝）。 【词根联想】 希腊语deka"十"→ dekas"十个一组"→ 十年。联想：deka"十"→ decade（十年）、decimal（十进制的）、decathlon（十项全能）、December（十二月→古罗马历的十月）。记住：deka=十，decade即"十年"。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：decade意义稳定，无生义。注意in the past few decades为高考高频时间状语，常与现在完成时连用。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"He often tells me how much our city has changed in the past few decades, from narrow streets to wide modern roads."（他常告诉我，这座城市在过去几十年里发生了多大变化，从狭窄的街道变成宽阔的现代马路。）（经典原句·decade 十年） 【搭配词块】 in the past few decades 在过去几十年 / decades of 数十年的 / the next decade 下一个十年 / over the decades 几十年来 2. legendary /ˈledʒəndri/ adj. 传奇的，著名的；传说中的 【核心考点】 legendary是人物与历史类语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①传奇的，著名的——a legendary figure（传奇人物）、a legendary performer（传奇表演者）；②传说中的——legendary stories（传奇故事）。派生词：legend n. 传说；传奇人物→ a living legend（在世传奇）。辨析：legendary（传奇的，因成就闻名）vs famous（著名的）vs well-known（众所周知的）vs celebrated（著名的，受赞誉的）。写作金句：A street may be ordinary to some, but legendary to those who grew up there（一条街对某些人很普通，对在那里长大的人却是传奇）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语legenda"应读的东西"（legere"读"→中世纪教堂宣读圣徒事迹）→ 传说。联想：leg"读"→ legendary（传说中→传奇的）、legend（传说）、legible（易读的）、lecture（讲座→读讲）。记住：legend源自"诵读的故事"。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：legendary还可表示"（口语）非常著名的，大名鼎鼎的"，如his legendary patience（他出了名的耐心）。此义口语化，常含褒义。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The street where my grandfather grew up has become legendary in our family, and every visit brings back a new story."（祖父长大的那条街在我们家已成了传奇，每一次重访都会带回新的故事。）（经典原句·legendary 传奇的） 【搭配词块】 a legendary figure 传奇人物 / legendary stories 传奇故事 / a living legend 在世传奇 / legend n. 传说 3. journalist /ˈdʒɜːnəlɪst/ n. 记者，新闻工作者 【核心考点】 journalist是新闻与人物类语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①记者，新闻工作者——a local journalist（当地记者）、a news journalist（新闻记者）；②journalism n. 新闻业→ study journalism（学习新闻学）。派生词：journal n. 期刊；日志→ keep a journal（写日志）；journalistic adj. 新闻的。辨析：journalist（记者，新闻工作者）vs reporter（记者，报道者，更口语）vs correspondent（通讯员，特派记者）vs editor（编辑）。写作金句：A journalist is the reader's eyes and ears, standing where the reader cannot（记者是读者的耳目，站在读者到不了的地方）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语diurnalis"每日的"（dies"日"）→ journal（日报）→ journalist（为报刊写稿的人）。联想：journ"日"→ journalist（记者→逐日报道）、journal（期刊；日志）、journey（旅程→一日行程）、sojourn（逗留）。记住：journal=日记，journalist=记日记的人。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：journalist意义稳定，无生义。注意journal（期刊；日志）与journey（旅程）拼写相似，勿混淆。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"As a journalist, he wrote about those changes for forty years, and he still keeps every article he published."（作为一名记者，他写了四十年这些变化，至今仍保存着发表的每一篇文章。）（经典原句·journalist 记者） 【搭配词块】 a local journalist 当地记者 / study journalism 学习新闻学 / keep a journal 写日志 / journalistic adj. 新闻的 4. era /ˈɪərə/ n. 时代，年代 【核心考点】 era是说明文与历史类语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①时代，年代——a new era（新时代）、the era of the internet（互联网时代）；②bring in/open a new era（开创新时代）；③the modern era（现代）。辨析：era（时代，强调历史或科技的重大时期）vs age（时代，年代）vs period（时期，时间跨度）vs times（时代，时期，口语）。写作金句：Every era leaves its buildings behind, and every building tells the era it came from（每个时代都留下它的建筑，每座建筑都诉说着它来自的时代）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语aera"时代起点"（aes"铜"→罗马人以铜币计数年代）→ 时代。联想：aer"时代"→ era（时代）、aerate（充气→使空气流通）、aerial（空中的）。记住：era即"以铜计数之年"。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：era还可表示"（地质）代"，如the Mesozoic era（中生代）。此义出现在科普类语篇中，阅读中按语境理解。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"He still keeps every article he published, like a diary of a whole era of change and hope."（他仍保存着发表的每一篇文章，像一个充满变化与希望的时代日记。）（经典原句·era 时代） 【搭配词块】 a new era 新时代 / the era of... …的时代 / bring in a new era 开创新时代 / the modern era 现代 5. reform /rɪˈfɔːm/ n. 改革，改良 v. 改革 【核心考点】 reform是新闻与历史类语篇的高频名词兼动词。名词用法要点：①改革——economic reform（经济改革）、carry out a reform（推行改革）；②reform and opening-up（改革开放）；③educational reform（教育改革）。动词用法：改革——reform the system（改革制度）。派生词：reformer n. 改革者；reformation n. 改革。辨析：reform（改革，改良制度）vs change（改变）vs improve（改善）vs revolution（革命，彻底变革）。写作金句：Reform is not about forgetting the past, but about building the future on its best lessons（改革不是忘记过去，而是把未来建在过去最好的经验之上）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语reformare"重新塑造"（re-"再次"+formare"塑造"）→ 重新塑造→ 改革。联想：form"塑造"→ reform（重新塑造→改革）、reformer（改革者）、form（形式）、inform（通知→塑造信息）、transform（转变→彻底改变形态）。记住：re + form = 重新塑造。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：reform作动词还可表示"（人）改过自新，悔改"，如He promised to reform himself（他承诺改过自新）。此义中reform指人的行为改变。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"He remembers the early days of the reform and opening-up, when the economic changes slowly reached every corner of the country."（他记得改革开放初期的日子，那时经济的变化慢慢传遍全国的每个角落。）（经典原句·reform 改革） 【搭配词块】 economic reform 经济改革 / carry out a reform 推行改革 / reform and opening-up 改革开放 / reformer n. 改革者 6. initiative /ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/ n. 倡议；主动性；主动权 【核心考点】 initiative是新闻与说明文类语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①倡议——a local initiative（本地倡议）、a peace initiative（和平倡议）；②主动性——take the initiative（采取主动）——He took the initiative to help；③on one's own initiative（主动地）。派生词：initiate v. 发起，创始；initial adj. 最初的。辨析：initiative（倡议；主动性）vs proposal（提议，建议）vs plan（计划）vs project（项目）。写作金句：Great change often begins with one small initiative taken by ordinary people（伟大的变化常常始于普通人发起的一个小小倡议）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语initiare"开始"（inire"进入"→in-"进入"+ire"走"）→ 开始→ 倡议。联想：it"走"→ initiative（开始行动→倡议；主动性）、initiate（发起）、initial（最初的）、exit（出口→走出去）、itinerary（行程→行走计划）。记住：in + it = 迈出第一步。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：initiative还可表示"主动权，先手"，如seize the initiative（掌握主动权）。此义常见于军事与体育类语篇。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"He told me about a local initiative to turn old buildings into cultural centres, so that history and modern life could meet."（他给我讲了一个把老建筑改造成文化中心的本地倡议，让历史与现代生活相遇。）（经典原句·initiative 倡议） 【搭配词块】 a local initiative 本地倡议 / take the initiative 采取主动 / on one's own initiative 主动地 / initiate v. 发起 7. economic /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk/ adj. 经济的，经济上的 【核心考点】 economic是说明文与新闻类语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①经济的——economic growth（经济增长）、economic reform（经济改革）、economic development（经济发展）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：economy n. 经济→ the local economy（当地经济）；economical adj. 节约的→ an economical car（省油的车）；economist n. 经济学家。辨析是高考重点：economic（经济的，经济上的）vs economical（节约的，实惠的）vs financial（财政的，金融的）。写作金句：Economic progress should never come at the cost of a community's soul（经济进步绝不应以社区的灵魂为代价）。 【词根联想】 希腊语oikonomia"家务管理"（oikos"家"+nomos"管理"）→ 管理家产→ 经济的。联想：eco"家"→ economic（经济的）、economy（经济）、ecology（生态学）、ecosystem（生态系统）、economical（节约的）。记住：eco=家，经济即"理家"。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：economic无生义，注意与economical（节约的）区分——economic强调"经济层面的"，economical强调"省钱省资源的"。 【真题原句】 （2021·北京卷·阅读D·economic 形容词作定语）"The call for public engagement with the unthinkable is especially germane in this moment of still-uncontrolled pandemic and economic crises in the world's most technologically advanced nations."（呼吁公众关注不可想象之事，在世界上技术最先进国家仍深陷疫情与经济危机之际，显得尤为切题。）（真题原句·economic 经济的） 【搭配词块】 economic growth 经济增长 / economic reform 经济改革 / economic development 经济发展 / economy n. 经济 8. expand /ɪkˈspænd/ v. 扩大，扩展；膨胀 【核心考点】 expand是说明文与新闻类语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①扩大，扩展——expand the business（扩大业务）、expand into（扩展到）——The company expanded into new markets；②膨胀——Metals expand when heated。派生词是语法填空高频考点：expansion n. 扩张，扩大→ the expansion of the city（城市的扩张）；expanding adj. 不断扩大的。辨析：expand（扩大，扩展，范围变大）vs extend（延伸，延长）vs enlarge（放大，使更大）vs spread（扩散，蔓延）。写作金句：A library that never expands is a book that never finishes being written（从不扩充的图书馆，是一本永远写不完的书）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语expandere"展开"（ex-"向外"+pandere"展开"）→ 向外展开→ 扩大。联想：pand"展开"→ expand（向外展开→扩大）、expansion（扩张）、expanse（广阔区域）、spread（铺开）。记住：ex + pand = 向外展开。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：expand还可表示"（笑容）绽放，（市场）扩大"，如Her smile expanded into laughter（她的微笑化作笑声）。此义生动，阅读中注意。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The old shops are gone, and in their place stands a modern library that has expanded three times since it opened."（老店铺不见了，取而代之的是一座自开放以来已扩建三倍的现代图书馆。）（经典原句·expand 扩建） 【搭配词块】 expand the business 扩大业务 / expand into 扩展到 / expansion n. 扩张 / expanding adj. 不断扩大的 9. component /kəmˈpəʊnənt/ n. 组成部分，部件 【核心考点】 component是说明文与科技类语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①组成部分——a key component of（…的关键组成部分）——Trust is a key component of friendship；②部件——component parts（零部件）。辨析：component（组成部分，部件，强调构成整体的一部分）vs part（部分，最普通）vs element（要素，元素）vs ingredient（成分，配料）。写作金句：A community is more than its buildings; people are the most important component of any street（社区不止是建筑；人才是任何一条街最重要的组成部分）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语componere"放在一起"（com-"一起"+ponere"放置"）→ 放在一起的部分→ 组成部分。联想：pon"放置"→ component（放在一起→部件）、compose（组成→放在一起）、position（位置）、opponent（对手→置于对面）。记住：com + ponent = 合在一起的部分。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：component还可作形容词表示"组成的，构成的"，如component parts（组成部件）。此义中component作定语。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The library is now a key component of the community, where students, workers and old people all find a corner for themselves."（图书馆现在是社区的关键组成部分，学生、工人和老人都能在这里找到属于自己的一角。）（经典原句·component 组成部分） 【搭配词块】 a key component of …的关键组成部分 / component parts 零件 / an important component 重要的组成部分 / compose v. 组成 10. accessible /əkˈsesəbl/ adj. 可到达的；可使用的；易理解的 【核心考点】 accessible是说明文与议论文的高频形容词。用法要点：①可到达的——The park is accessible by bus；②可使用的，可及的——be accessible to（对…可及）——The library is accessible to everyone；③易理解的——accessible language（易懂的语言）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：access n. 进入；使用机会→ have access to（有机会使用）；accessibility n. 可及性；inaccessible adj. 不可及的。辨析：accessible（可及的，可使用的）vs available（可获得的）vs reachable（可到达的）vs understandable（可理解的）。写作金句：Knowledge should be accessible to all, like water and air（知识应当像水和空气一样人人可得）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语accedere"走近"（ad-"向"+cedere"走"）→ 可以走近的→ 可到达的。联想：cess"走"→ accessible（可走近→可及）、access（进入→走近）、accessory（配件）、process（过程→向前走）、success（成功→走下去）。记住：ac + cess = 可走近的。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：accessible还可表示"（文章、语言）易懂的"，如The book is written in accessible language（这本书用易懂的语言写成）。此义常见于书评类语篇。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The library is accessible to everyone, young and old, from early morning to late evening, free of charge."（图书馆从清晨到深夜对所有人开放，不分老幼，且完全免费。）（经典原句·accessible 可使用的） 【搭配词块】 be accessible to 对…可及 / have access to 有机会使用 / accessibility n. 可及性 / inaccessible adj. 不可及的 11. humble /ˈhʌmbl/ adj. 谦逊的；简陋的 【核心考点】 humble是人物与记叙文类语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①谦逊的——remain humble（保持谦逊）、a humble man（谦逊的人）；②简陋的，卑微的——a humble home（简陋的家）、of humble origin（出身卑微）。派生词：humbly adv. 谦逊地；humility n. 谦逊。辨析：humble（谦逊的；简陋的）vs modest（谦虚的；适度的）vs plain（朴素的）vs simple（简单的）。写作金句：Stay humble in success and steady in failure, and you will grow in both（成功时保持谦逊，失败时保持镇定，你将在两种境遇中成长）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语humilis"低下的"（humus"泥土"）→ 贴近泥土的→ 谦卑的。联想：hum"泥土"→ humble（贴近泥土→谦逊）、humility（谦逊）、humiliate（羞辱→使人低到泥土）、human（人→泥土所造）。记住：hum=土，humble即"接地气"。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：humble还可表示"（地位）卑微的，低下的"，如He rose from a humble background（他出身卑微）。此义常与origin/background连用。 【真题原句】 （2022·北京卷·阅读表达·humble 形容词作表语）"Tom has been awarded several prizes, but this teenage innovator remains humble."（汤姆获得过好几个奖项，但这位少年创新者依然保持谦逊。）（真题原句·humble 谦逊的） 【搭配词块】 remain humble 保持谦逊 / a humble man 谦逊的人 / a humble home 简陋的家 / humility n. 谦逊 12. convincing /kənˈvɪnsɪŋ/ adj. 有说服力的，令人信服的 【核心考点】 convincing是议论文与新闻类语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①有说服力的——a convincing argument（有说服力的论点）、convincing evidence（令人信服的证据）；②使人信服的——a convincing explanation（令人信服的解释）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：convince v. 说服→ convince sb. of sth./that...（使某人相信）；be convinced of/that（确信）；convincingly adv. 令人信服地。辨析：convincing（有说服力的）vs persuasive（有说服力的，劝导性的）vs believable（可信的）vs reasonable（合理的）。写作金句：Facts are the most convincing language in the world（事实是世界上最有说服力的语言）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语convincere"彻底说服"（con-"完全"+vincere"征服"）→ 彻底征服→ 说服。联想：vinc"征服"→ convincing（征服人心的→有说服力）、convince（说服）、convict（定罪→征服证明有罪）、victory（胜利→征服的结果）。记住：con + vince = 征服人心。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：convincing意义稳定，无生义。注意convince sb. to do（说服某人做）与convince sb. of sth.（使某人相信）搭配不同。 【真题原句】 （2021·新高考Ⅱ卷·完形·convincing 形容词作定语）"Dirty shorts and old shoes gave him the appearance of a real beggar, and his convincing dialect soon won him the trust of the beggars."（脏短裤和旧鞋子让他看起来像个真正的乞丐，而他令人信服的口音很快赢得了乞丐们的信任。）（真题原句·convincing 令人信服的） 【搭配词块】 a convincing argument 有说服力的论点 / convincing evidence 令人信服的证据 / convince sb. of 使某人相信 / be convinced that 确信 Part 4 词性变化总表 原词 派生词1 派生词2 派生词3 核心搭配 decade --- --- --- in the past few decades / decades of legendary legend (n.) --- --- a legendary figure / a living legend journalist journalism (n.) journal (n.) journalistic (adj.) a local journalist / study journalism era --- --- --- a new era / the era of reform reformer (n.) reformation (n.) reformed (adj.) economic reform / carry out a reform initiative initiate (v.) initial (adj.) initiator (n.) take the initiative / a local initiative economic economy (n.) economical (adj.) economist (n.) economic growth / the local economy expand expansion (n.) expanding (adj.) expansive (adj.) expand the business / expansion component compose (v.) composition (n.) --- a key component of / component parts accessible access (n./v.) accessibility (n.) inaccessible (adj.) be accessible to / have access to humble humbly (adv.) humility (n.) humiliate (v.) remain humble / humility convincing convince (v.) convincingly (adv.) convinced (adj.) a convincing argument / convince sb. of Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 【练习题】 1.（2022北京卷·阅读表达·改编）Tom has been awarded several prizes, but this teenage innovator remains ____________ (humbly). 2.（2021新高考Ⅱ卷·完形·改编）His ____________ (convincingly) dialect soon won him the trust of the beggars. 3.（2021北京卷·阅读D·改编）The call for public engagement is especially germane in this moment of pandemic and ____________ (economy) crises. 4.（2026山东济南·模拟）In the past few ____________ (decade), our city has changed beyond recognition. 5.（2026广东广州·模拟）The story of the old street has become ____________ (legend) in our family. 6.（2026江苏南京·模拟）As a ____________ (journalism), he reported on the city's changes for forty years. 7.（2026浙江杭州·模拟）The invention opened a new ____________ (eras) in the history of communication. 8.（2026四川成都·模拟）The country carried out a series of ____________ (reformer) in its education system. 9.（2026湖北武汉·模拟）The students took the ____________ (initiate) to clean up the park near their school. 10.（2026河北石家庄·模拟）The company has ____________ (expansion) into three new cities this year. 11.（2026福建厦门·模拟）Trust is a key ____________ (compose) of any strong friendship. 12.（2026江西南昌·模拟）The new museum is ____________ (access) to everyone, including people in wheelchairs. 13.（2026安徽合肥·模拟）He remained ____________ (humble) even after winning the national prize. 14.（2026陕西西安·模拟）The evidence he gave was so ____________ (convince) that nobody doubted him. 15.（2026湖南长沙·模拟）The ____________ (economic) of the region grew rapidly during those ten years. Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 【练习题】 祖父在旧街长大，常说城市在过去几十____________（十年）巨变：早年是____________（简陋的）店铺，改革（reform）开放初期____________（经济的）变化传遍全国；他当____________（记者）四十年，文章像____________（时代）日记。 那条街在家族里已成____________（传奇的）；旧店变成图书馆，____________（扩建）三倍，是社区的____________（组成部分），对所有人____________（可及的）；本地____________（倡议）改造老建筑，照片让计划更有____________（说服力的）。 Part 7 关联阅读 In the 1980s, my grandmother opened a small noodle shop at the corner of our street. The shop was humble: four tables, two pots and a hand-written menu on the wall, but the soup she made drew customers from every corner of the district. Over the decades, the street around her shop changed completely. The old houses became offices, the bicycles gave way to cars, and every few years a new building seemed to appear overnight. Yet her little shop stayed exactly the same, like a small island in a river of time. People who had moved away still came back just for one bowl of her soup. In the 1990s, a journalist wrote a story about her shop, calling it "the taste of the whole era". The article made her famous overnight, and people began to line up at her door. With the economic boom of those years, my grandmother could have expanded the shop into a restaurant, but she refused. She said a noodle shop is not a business to her; it is a memory, and memories should not be stretched too thin. Instead, she supported a local initiative to teach young cooks the old recipes, so that the taste would never disappear even if the shop itself one day did. Last year, the street was renamed in her honour, and the shop became a legendary place that visitors from other cities come to find. The city made the shop accessible to more people by widening the sidewalk, and it is now an important component of the neighbourhood's identity. When my grandmother tells the story of the street, she always ends with the same words: "Times change, buildings change, but a bowl of good soup stays the same." Her argument is simple and convincing: the best thing about change is that it makes us value what never changes, and the best way to face the future is to remember where the warmth comes from. That, she says, is the real recipe she will leave us, and no change can ever boil it away. 1. What was the noodle shop like at the beginning? A. It was a large restaurant with many tables. B. It was a simple shop with four tables. C. It was famous for its expensive dishes. D. It was closed during the day. 2. Why did the grandmother refuse to expand the shop? A. She did not have enough money. B. The street was too narrow for a restaurant. C. She wanted to keep the shop as a memory. D. The government did not allow her to build. 3. What happened to the street last year? A. It was named after the grandmother. B. The noodle shop was pulled down. C. All the old houses were rebuilt. D. The journalist opened a new shop. 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Noodle shops should always stay small. B. Journalists should write about local food. C. Cities should never build new buildings. D. Change makes us treasure what stays the same. 📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇：decade, legendary, journalist, era, reform, initiative, economic, expand, component, accessible, humble, convincing Part 8 写作运用 — 词汇升级 同义转换：用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词，提升写作表达 1. The city has changed a lot over the past ten years. → The city has changed a lot over the past few ____________. 2. The old theatre is very famous in the history of our town. → The old theatre is ____________ in the history of our town. 3. The man who writes news for the local paper interviewed my grandfather. → The ____________ for the local paper interviewed my grandfather. 4. The invention of the computer opened a completely new period of history. → The invention of the computer opened a completely new ____________. 5. The school carried out a big change in its teaching methods last year. → The school carried out a big ____________ in its teaching methods last year. 6. The students took the first step to clean the river near their school. → The students took the ____________ to clean the river near their school. 7. The money problems of the country have become more serious this year. → The ____________ problems of the country have become more serious this year. 8. The company plans to make its business bigger in the next three years. → The company plans to ____________ its business in the next three years. 9. Reading is a necessary part of a student's daily life. → Reading is a necessary ____________ of a student's daily life. 10. The new park is easy for everyone to reach, even for the elderly. → The new park is ____________ to everyone, even for the elderly. 11. He is a modest man who never shows off his achievements. → He is a ____________ man who never shows off his achievements. 12. Her explanation was so believable that everyone accepted it at once. → Her explanation was so ____________ that everyone accepted it at once. Part 9 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 遮挡提示，尝试用12个目标词复述下面这条记忆链： 记忆链：decade → humble → reform → economic → journalist → era → legendary → expand → component → accessible → initiative → convincing 复述模板（填空）： 几十____________（十年）间城市巨变：早年____________（简陋的）店铺，改革（reform）开放后____________（经济的）变化传遍全国；祖父当____________（记者）四十年，文章是____________（时代）日记。 旧街成____________（传奇的）；图书馆____________（扩建）三倍，是社区____________（组成部分），对所有人____________（可及的）；本地____________（倡议）改造老建筑，照片让计划____________（有说服力的）。 你的复述： __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $