Unit 6 Nurturing nature（知识清单）英语外研版选择性必修第一册

该高中英语单元知识清单全面梳理了“Nurturing nature”单元内容，涵盖主题理解、语篇复盘、语言运用、语法建构、表达迁移五大知识范畴，为学生搭建了从词汇分层掌握到语法精准辨析再到写作实践输出的递进式学习架构。 清单采用“词汇分层标注”和“词族网络关联”的方式组织知识体系，如将核心词汇分A层（产出掌握）和B层（识别理解），用“conserve—conservation—conservationist”构建词族网络，培养学生的语言能力和思维品质。特别设计了“语法判断流程”和“写作自检清单”，如现在完成进行时通过“时间范围—表达重点—动词类型”三步判断，不同基础学生可高效学习，教师能据此优化教学，提升课堂实效。

Unit 6 Nurturing nature 单元复习知识清单（教师版） 复习目标 主题理解：理解基础设施建设、旅游活动与自然保护之间需要以证据寻求平衡。 语篇复盘：梳理 The Sky Railway 的游记推进方式和 The Best Job in the World 的段落衔接。 语言运用：完整掌握教材词表35项，并能迁移核心词族、搭配、熟词生义和招聘表达。 语法建构：掌握现在完成进行时 have/has been doing，并能与现在完成时准确区分。 表达迁移：能写一则要素完整、语言得体的自然保护类招聘启事。 主题与语篇 主题：保护自然环境与自然遗产，在发展与保护之间作出有依据的选择。语篇1 The Sky Railway：以乘车见闻串联青藏铁路建设中的生态保护措施。语篇2 The Best Job in the World：借招聘活动说明创意传播如何提升大堡礁保护意识。 教材核心词汇 massive 巨大的；delicate 脆弱的；splendid 壮丽的；leisure 空闲；闲暇；radiation 辐射；mirror-like 如镜面般的；wander 徘徊；economy 经济；jungle 热带丛林；disturb 干扰；扰乱；operator 经营者；conservationist 环境保护主义者；candidate 申请者；applicant 申请人；favour 支持；赞同；advertise 做广告；宣传；genuine 真的；真正的；salary 薪金；工资；negotiable 可协商的；preference 优先权；偏爱；qualification 技能条件；资格；waist 腰；腰部；at one's leisure 空闲时；in favour of 支持；赞同 教材认知词汇 steadily 平稳地；landmark 地标；permafrost 永久冻土层；Tibetan 西藏的；antelope 羚羊；wetland 湿地；grassland 草原；emission 排放物；via 通过；借助于；scenery 风景；景色；plateau 高原 词形变化 steady → steadily；delicate → delicacy；conserve → conservation → conservationist；economy → economic/economical；disturb → disturbance/disturbed/disturbing；operate → operator → operation；apply → applicant/application；favour → favourable；advertise → advertisement/advertising；negotiate → negotiable/negotiation；prefer → preference；qualify → qualification/qualified 核心词块 catch one's eye；at one's leisure；prevent damage to；above sea level；a sense of pride and achievement；under threat；in favour of；report back via；in addition to doing；become aware of；give preference to；reach a compromise 重点句型 Taking years to complete, the railway is a record of our efforts.；Located at over 5,000 metres, this is the highest railway station in the world.；It is host to many species.；Whether ... or ... isn't really important. 核心语法 现在完成进行时：have/has been doing；表示动作从过去开始持续到现在，强调过程、延续或近期反复。 写作任务 写招聘启事：标题—岗位地点与期限—职责—要求—待遇—申请方式。 词汇全景：教材词表全覆盖 说明：教材词表35项全部收录（33个单词、2个正式短语）。A/B层为高二复习的教学分层；语篇词块、词族和迁移表达另行标注。教材边界：外研版（2019）选择性必修第一册 Unit 6 Words and expressions（pp.111—112）。 教材词表·A层① （产出掌握） massive 巨大的；delicate 脆弱的；splendid 壮丽的；leisure 空闲；闲暇；radiation 辐射；mirror-like 如镜面般的；wander 徘徊；economy 经济；jungle 热带丛林；disturb 干扰；扰乱；operator 经营者 教材词表·A层② （产出掌握） conservationist 环境保护主义者；candidate 申请者；applicant 申请人；favour 支持；赞同；advertise 做广告；宣传；genuine 真的；真正的；salary 薪金；工资；negotiable 可协商的；preference 优先权；偏爱；qualification 技能条件；资格；waist 腰；腰部；at one's leisure 空闲时；in favour of 支持；赞同 教材词表·B层① （识别理解） steadily 平稳地；landmark 地标；permafrost 永久冻土层；Tibetan 西藏的；antelope 羚羊；wetland 湿地 教材词表·B层② （识别理解） grassland 草原；emission 排放物；via 通过；借助于；scenery 风景；景色；plateau 高原 铁路游记词块 race along steadily；be about to do；claim that；overcome engineering challenges；catch one's eye；with a total length of；be located at；above sea level；a sense of pride and achievement；make sure 生态保护词块 protect the environment from damage；allow wildlife to move safely；be unaware that；speed past；prevent damage to；disturb wildlife；be made up of；under threat；be host to 招聘与旅游词块 highlight the importance of；report back via；attract interest from；out of thousands of applicants；in addition to doing；make an appearance；become aware of；come to understand 申请与协商词块 apply for；give preference to；be qualified for；negotiate a salary；help the local economy；use up natural resources；carbon emissions；meet in the middle；reach a compromise 词族网络① steady—steadily；delicate—delicacy；conserve—conservation—conservationist；economy—economic—economical；disturb—disturbance—disturbed—disturbing；operate—operator—operation 词族网络② apply—applicant—application；favour—favourable；advertise—advertisement—advertising；negotiate—negotiable—negotiation；prefer—preference；qualify—qualification—qualified 搭配与句法 at one's leisure；in favour of；a preference for；give preference to sb/sth；qualifications in/for；be qualified for sth/to do sth；advertise sth；advertise for sb 熟词生义 claim v. 声称；speed v. 快速前进；present v. 造成/呈现；passage n. 通道；host n. 主办者/东道主，be host to 是……的栖息地 易混辨析 applicant：已提交申请者；candidate：被考虑或进入选拔的人；economic：经济的；economical：节约的；scenery：不可数的整体风景；scene：具体场景 招聘启事输出 Environmental workers wanted!；Responsibilities include monitoring the wetland.；Applicants are expected to work at weekends.；Preference will be given to qualified candidates. 待遇与申请输出 Salary negotiable; accommodation and meals provided.；Please apply by 30 June.；The role offers genuine field experience.；Join us in protecting a delicate ecosystem. 一、核心词汇精讲 以下20个考点覆盖教材全部非星号核心词及正式短语，按“核心义—高考常用搭配/词族—易错限制—语境训练”编排。例句和练习为教材语境改编或教师原创。 1. massive　adj. 巨大的；大量的 【用法归纳】massive amounts of；a massive project/change；强调规模或程度巨大。 【对点训练】The railway project required a ______ amount of planning and cooperation. 【答案】massive　【解析】名词 amount 前用形容词，语境强调规模巨大。 2. delicate　adj. 脆弱的；需要谨慎处理的 【用法归纳】a delicate ecosystem/balance；delicately adv.；fragile 多强调容易破碎，delicate 还强调复杂、需谨慎。 【对点训练】Tourism must be managed carefully to protect the ______ balance of the wetland. 【答案】delicate　【解析】delicate balance 为高频搭配。 3. leisure　n. 空闲；闲暇 【用法归纳】at one's leisure 空闲时；leisure activities/time；leisurely adj./adv. 悠闲的/地。 【对点训练】Visitors may read the safety guide at their ______ before entering the reserve. 【答案】leisure　【解析】固定短语 at one's leisure。 4. economy　n. 经济 【用法归纳】the local economy；economic growth/policy；economical cars/methods 强调节约、实惠。 【对点训练】Responsible tourism can create jobs and support the local ______. 【答案】economy　【解析】形容词 local 后接名词 economy。 5. disturb　v. 干扰；扰乱 【用法归纳】disturb wildlife/sleep；disturbance n.；disturbed 感到不安的；disturbing 令人不安的。 【对点训练】Loud music may ______ the animals during the breeding season. 【答案】disturb　【解析】情态动词 may 后接动词原形。 6. candidate / applicant　n. 候选者 / 申请人 【用法归纳】applicant 指已提出申请的人；candidate 指被考虑、入围或参加选拔的人。 【对点训练】Out of 300 ______, twelve candidates were invited to interview. 【答案】applicants　【解析】先有大量申请人，再从中选出候选者。 7. favour　n. 支持；赞同；帮助 【用法归纳】in favour of；do sb a favour；favourable adj. 有利的/赞同的。 【对点训练】Most residents were in ______ of limiting visitor numbers at night. 【答案】favour　【解析】固定短语 in favour of。 8. advertise　v. 做广告；宣传；征聘 【用法归纳】advertise a product/job；advertise for volunteers；advertisement n.；advertising n.。 【对点训练】The reserve plans to advertise ______ six student guides for the summer. 【答案】for　【解析】advertise for sb 表示发布广告征聘某人。 9. preference　n. 优先权；偏爱 【用法归纳】a preference for；give preference to；prefer A to B；prefer doing/to do。 【对点训练】Preference will be given ______ applicants with fieldwork experience. 【答案】to　【解析】固定搭配 give preference to。 10. qualification　n. 技能条件；资格 【用法归纳】qualifications in/for；qualify for/as；be qualified for sth/to do sth。 【对点训练】Applicants must have a first-aid ______ (qualify). 【答案】qualification　【解析】冠词 a 后接可数名词单数。 11. splendid　adj. 壮丽的；极佳的 【用法归纳】splendid scenery/views/achievements；a splendid example of；splendidly adv.。注意：scenery 为不可数名词；splendid 既可写景，也可表示“极佳的”。 【对点训练】The bridge offers travellers a ______ view of the plateau while protecting the habitats below. 【答案】splendid　【解析】修饰名词 view 用形容词；语境表示“壮丽的景色”。 12. radiation　n. 辐射 【用法归纳】solar/UV radiation；radiation levels；protect sb from radiation；radiate v. 发出（光、热或能量）。泛指“辐射”时通常作不可数名词。 【对点训练】The equipment records changes in solar ______ (radiate) at high altitude. 【答案】radiation　【解析】介词 in 后需用名词；solar radiation 表示“太阳辐射”。 13. mirror-like　adj. 如镜面般的 【用法归纳】a mirror-like surface/lake；名词 + -like 可构成形容词，表示“像……的”，在句中常作定语或表语。 【对点训练】At sunrise, the ______ surface of Cuona Lake reflected the surrounding mountains. 【答案】mirror-like　【解析】修饰 surface 用形容词，语境强调湖面如镜。 14. wander　v. 徘徊；闲逛；走神 【用法归纳】wander around/through；wander off 走离；one's mind wanders 走神。易混：wander“漫步/走神”，wonder“想知道”。 【对点训练】Visitors must not wander ______ the marked route in the wetland. 【答案】off　【解析】wander off 表示“走离、偏离”。 15. jungle　n. （热带）丛林；密林 【用法归纳】in the jungle；a dense tropical jungle；the urban jungle（喻）竞争激烈的城市生活。forest 含义更广，jungle 常强调热带、茂密且难以通行。 【对点训练】The new road should not cut through the ______, because it would divide wildlife habitats. 【答案】jungle　【解析】定冠词 the 后接名词；语境指茂密的丛林。 16. operator　n. 经营者；操作员 【用法归纳】a tour/train/machine operator；operate v. 经营；操作；operation n. 运营；手术；operational adj. 可使用的。 【对点训练】Every tour ______ (operate) must explain the reserve's environmental rules to visitors. 【答案】operator　【解析】Every 后接可数名词单数；此处指“旅游经营者”。 17. conservationist　n. 环境保护工作者；自然保护主义者 【用法归纳】conserve v. 保护；节约；conservation n. 保护；wildlife conservation；conservation efforts。conservationist 指从事或倡导保护的人。 【对点训练】The young ______ (conserve) has been studying antelope migration for years. 【答案】conservationist　【解析】定冠词 The 和形容词 young 后需用表示人的可数名词。 18. genuine　adj. 真的；真正的；真诚的 【用法归纳】genuine concern/interest/support；a genuine desire to do；genuinely adv.。genuine 强调真实或真诚；authentic 常强调来源、风格经证实为真。 【对点训练】A ______ commitment to nature is shown through action as well as words. 【答案】genuine　【解析】修饰名词 commitment 用形容词；语境强调“真正的承诺”。 19. salary / negotiable　n. 薪金 / adj. 可协商的 【用法归纳】an annual/monthly salary；earn/offer a salary；salary 常指按月或按年支付的固定薪金，wages 常指按小时或按周计算的工资。negotiable；negotiate v.；negotiation n.。 【对点训练】The starting ______ is ______ (negotiate), depending on the applicant's experience. 【答案】salary；negotiable　【解析】第一空需名词作主语；第二空在系动词 is 后用形容词作表语。 20. waist　n. 腰；腰部 【用法归纳】around one's waist；waist-high/waist-deep 齐腰高/深的。易混：waist“腰”与 waste“浪费；废弃物”同音，但拼写和词义不同。 【对点训练】For safety, the worker tied a rope ______ his waist before climbing down the cliff. 【答案】around　【解析】tie sth around one's waist 表示“把某物系在腰间”。 二、核心语法精讲：现在完成进行时 基本形式 肯定：have/has been doing；否定：have/has not been doing；疑问：Have/Has + 主语 + been doing? 核心意义 动作从过去开始持续到现在，可能仍将继续；强调持续过程、时间长度或近期反复。 常见标志 since + 时间点/从句；for + 时间段；all day/week；recently；lately；how long。 与现在完成时区别 have done 常强调完成、次数或结果；have been doing 常强调过程和延续。I have read three reports. / I have been reading reports all morning. 近期反复 动作未必一直连续，也可表示近期反复：We have been visiting the reserve every weekend. 状态动词 know、believe、belong、own 等通常不用进行时，应用现在完成时：I have known her for years. 判断流程 ① 找时间范围：过去是否延续到现在？ → ② 看表达重点：过程/持续，还是完成/次数/结果？ → ③ 检查动词：是否为通常不用进行时的状态动词？ → ④ 选择 have/has been doing 或 have/has done → ⑤ 核对 since/for 与主谓一致。 1. The students ________ (monitor) the wetland since early May. 【答案】have been monitoring　【解析】since + 时间点，且监测持续至今。 2. The team ________ already ________ (complete) three sound surveys. 【答案】has; completed　【解析】three surveys 强调完成的次数，用现在完成时。 3. How long ________ the reserve ________ (use) the quiet-hour rule? 【答案】has; been using　【解析】How long 提问持续时间。 4. I ________ (know) the conservationist for five years. 【答案】have known　【解析】know 是状态动词，通常不用进行时。 5. 改写：They started restoring the grassland two years ago and they are still doing it. 【答案】They have been restoring the grassland for two years.　【解析】过去开始并持续到现在，使用现在完成进行时。 三、单元写作清单：招聘启事 【任务】为自然保护区、生态项目或校园环保活动写一则80—100词的英文招聘启事。内容应包含岗位、地点/期限、职责、要求、待遇和申请方式。 要素 写作问题 可迁移表达 标题与岗位 Who is wanted? Environmental workers wanted!；Student guides needed! 地点与期限 Where and for how long? at ... Nature Reserve；from 10 July to 20 July 岗位职责 What will the person do? Responsibilities include doing...；be responsible for doing... 申请条件 Who is suitable? Applicants are expected to...；be qualified for...；preference will be given to... 待遇与申请 What is offered and how to apply? meals provided；salary negotiable；please apply by... 写作自检 □ 标题醒目，岗位、地点和时间信息完整。 □ 职责使用并列的 -ing 形式，要求与职责相关。 □ 至少复用3个单元词汇或词块。 □ 待遇与申请方式明确，语气简洁得体。 □ 80—100词，无答案式逐句翻译。 参考范文 WETLAND GUARDIANS WANTED! Our local nature reserve is looking for six student volunteers from 10 July to 20 July. Responsibilities include monitoring visitor routes, recording wildlife sightings and posting daily updates. Applicants should be responsible, physically fit and able to work in a team. Experience in photography is welcome, and preference will be given to candidates with basic first-aid qualifications. Free training, meals and accommodation are provided. To protect a delicate wetland while gaining valuable, genuine field experience, please apply by 30 June. 【评分建议】内容4分；语言4分；结构与规范2分。缺少岗位、职责、要求、待遇或申请方式中的一项，内容项相应扣分。 易错点01 现在完成时 / 现在完成进行时 【错因辨析】强调已完成的数量或结果用 have done；强调从过去延续到现在的过程用 have been doing。 【对点训练】The team ________ (collect) 200 photos, and they ________ (work) on the report all week. 【答案】has collected; has been working 易错点02 since / for 【错因辨析】since 后接起点或过去时从句；for 后接时间段。 【对点训练】The reserve has been limiting noise ________ last month / ________ four weeks. 【答案】since; for 易错点03 applicant / candidate 【错因辨析】applicant 是提出申请的人；candidate 是被考虑、入围或参加选拔的人。 【对点训练】More than 500 ________ applied, and ten candidates reached the final interview. 【答案】applicants 易错点04 preference / qualification 【错因辨析】give preference to 中 to 是介词；qualification 常与 in/for 搭配，qualified 常与 for/to do 搭配。 【对点训练】Preference will be given ________ candidates with qualifications ________ environmental science. 【答案】to; in 建议用时：30分钟　满分：45分　共26题 一、默写重点单词（每题1分，共8分） 1. __________ v. 干扰；扰乱 【答案】disturb　【解析】教材核心词拼写。 2. __________ n. 申请人 【答案】applicant　【解析】教材核心词拼写。 3. __________ n. 支持；赞同 【答案】favour　【解析】教材核心词拼写。 4. __________ v. 做广告；宣传 【答案】advertise　【解析】教材核心词拼写。 5. __________ n. 优先权；偏爱 【答案】preference　【解析】教材核心词拼写。 6. __________ n. 技能条件；资格 【答案】qualification　【解析】教材核心词拼写。 7. __________ adj. 脆弱的 【答案】delicate　【解析】教材核心词拼写。 8. __________ n. 经济 【答案】economy　【解析】教材核心词拼写。 二、词汇与短语运用（每题1分，共6分） 9. The train has been moving ________ (steady) across the plateau. 【答案】steadily　【解析】修饰动词 moving 用副词。 10. The young ________ (conserve) explained why the wetland needed protection. 【答案】conservationist　【解析】句中需要表示人的名词。 11. A local tour ________ (operate) offered free transport for the volunteers. 【答案】operator　【解析】tour operator 表示旅游经营者。 12. Most students were ________ favour of the quieter visiting rule. 【答案】in　【解析】固定短语 in favour of。 13. The salary is ________ (negotiate), depending on experience. 【答案】negotiable　【解析】系动词 is 后接形容词。 14. Out of 600 ________ (apply), only twelve candidates were interviewed. 【答案】applicants　【解析】数词600后用可数名词复数。 三、重点句型与语法（每题1分，共6分） 15. The volunteers ________ (monitor) visitor behaviour since Monday. 【答案】have been monitoring　【解析】since 表明动作从过去持续至今。 16. The team ________ already ________ (record) more than 300 bird sightings. 【答案】has; recorded　【解析】强调完成数量，用现在完成时。 17. Local people ________ (protect) the forest for many years, and the work continues. 【答案】have been protecting　【解析】强调多年持续的保护过程。 18. The quiet-hour programme has been running ________ four weeks. 【答案】for　【解析】four weeks 是时间段。 19. It ________ (rain) all morning, so the path is still wet. 【答案】has been raining　【解析】强调持续过程及其当前影响。 20. 改写：They started restoring the grassland two years ago and are still doing it. 【答案】They have been restoring the grassland for two years.　【解析】过去开始并持续到现在。 四、写作微任务（共5分） 21. 假定你校环保社团将于暑假在本地湿地公园开展10天志愿服务，请写一则约80词的英文招聘启事。内容包括：岗位与期限、两项职责、申请条件、待遇及申请截止日期。至少使用3个Unit 6词汇或词块。 【答案】WETLAND VOLUNTEERS WANTED! Our school Green Club needs eight volunteers for a ten-day programme at the local wetland park. Responsibilities include recording wildlife and guiding visitors along safe routes. Applicants should be responsible and able to work outdoors. Preference will be given to candidates with photography or first-aid qualifications. Free training, meals and transport are provided. Please send a short application to the Green Club by 20 June. 【评分建议】内容2分；词汇与语法2分；格式、衔接和书写1分。 五、阅读理解（每题4分，共20分） A Quiet Hour for the Reed Beds — At a lakeside reserve in eastern China, a group of secondary-school volunteers noticed that egrets no longer fed near a popular boardwalk at midday. Reserve staff assumed that the total number of visitors was the problem. Instead of immediately closing the path, the students asked a more precise question: were the birds reacting to how many people came, or to how those visitors behaved? For three weekends, the team counted visitors, measured sound levels and recorded the birds' distance from the boardwalk every fifteen minutes. Students stayed on two viewing platforms and never approached nests. A surprising pattern emerged. When a group of nearly thirty people spoke quietly, several birds remained close to the reeds. Yet when fewer than ten visitors shouted or played music, the birds withdrew to the far side of the lake. The evidence challenged the original assumption. Sudden noise appeared to matter more than crowd size. The students designed a one-hour trial: signs requested silence, volunteers explained the reason, and phone speakers had to be switched off. During that hour, the average sound level fell and the egrets returned to the feeding area twelve minutes earlier than on ordinary days. The team did not claim that silence alone caused the change, but the result was promising. Not everyone supported the idea. A nearby shop owner worried that new restrictions might drive visitors away. The students shared their figures and proposed a quiet hour rather than an all-day closure. Outside that period, normal visits and guided talks could continue. The reserve accepted a four-week pilot, while local shops promoted the quiet hour as a special early-morning experience. This compromise reduced conflict without hiding the conservation goal. By the end of the pilot, bird observations near the reeds had increased, but the students remained cautious: weather and water levels could also influence feeding. They recommended repeating the study the following season. The project taught them that nurturing nature is not simply choosing wildlife over people. It means collecting evidence and designing behaviour that allows both to share a place. Sometimes a small, well-tested change is more effective than a dramatic rule. 22. What question did the students investigate first? A. Whether egrets preferred deep or shallow water. B. Whether visitor numbers or visitor behaviour disturbed the birds. C. Whether the boardwalk should be rebuilt in another place. D. Whether shops should open earlier at weekends. 【答案】B　【解析】第一段明确提出：学生比较的是游客数量与游客行为，哪一个更可能影响鸟类。 23. Which finding challenged the reserve staff's first assumption? A. Large quiet groups caused less disturbance than small noisy groups. B. Bird numbers always fell when the water level rose. C. Visitors preferred guided talks to independent visits. D. The birds returned only after every visitor had left. 【答案】A　【解析】第二段用两组观察形成对比：人数较多但安静时鸟仍靠近，人数较少但喧闹时鸟会退避。 24. What does the word 'pilot' in Paragraph 4 most probably mean? A. A person who guides visitors around a reserve. B. A rule that must remain unchanged for years. C. A limited trial used to test an idea before a wider decision. D. A business plan designed only to increase shop income. 【答案】C　【解析】结合 four-week 和后续评估可知，pilot 指有限时间的试行项目。 25. How is Paragraph 4 mainly organised? A. A concern is introduced and then answered with a compromise. B. Two reserves are compared in order of size. C. A scientific method is explained step by step. D. Several mistakes are listed without solutions. 【答案】A　【解析】本段先呈现商户担忧，再写学生提出折中方案及其实施结果。 26. Which title best expresses the main idea of the passage? A. Why Every Nature Reserve Should Close Its Shops B. Evidence Helps Visitors Make Room for Birds C. How to Photograph Egrets from a Boardwalk D. A School Project to Attract Larger Crowds 【答案】B　【解析】文章核心是学生依据证据设计安静时段，使游客活动与鸟类保护相协调。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Nurturing nature 单元复习知识清单（学生版） 复习目标 主题理解：理解基础设施建设、旅游活动与自然保护之间需要以证据寻求平衡。 语篇复盘：梳理 The Sky Railway 的游记推进方式和 The Best Job in the World 的段落衔接。 语言运用：完整掌握教材词表35项，并能迁移核心词族、搭配、熟词生义和招聘表达。 语法建构：掌握现在完成进行时 have/has been doing，并能与现在完成时准确区分。 表达迁移：能写一则要素完整、语言得体的自然保护类招聘启事。 主题与语篇 主题：保护自然环境与自然遗产，在发展与保护之间作出有依据的选择。语篇1 The Sky Railway：以乘车见闻串联青藏铁路建设中的生态保护措施。语篇2 The Best Job in the World：借招聘活动说明创意传播如何提升大堡礁保护意识。 教材核心词汇 massive ________；delicate ________；splendid ________；leisure ________；radiation ________；mirror-like ________；wander ________；economy ________；jungle ________；disturb ________；operator ________；conservationist ________；candidate ________；applicant ________；favour ________；advertise ________；genuine ________；salary ________；negotiable ________；preference ________；qualification ________；waist ________；at one's leisure ________；in favour of ________ 教材认知词汇 steadily 平稳地；landmark 地标；permafrost 永久冻土层；Tibetan 西藏的；antelope 羚羊；wetland 湿地；grassland 草原；emission 排放物；via 通过；借助于；scenery 风景；景色；plateau 高原 词形变化 steady → ________；delicate → ________；conserve → conservation → ________；economy → economic/________；disturb → disturbance/________；operate → operator → ________；apply → applicant/________；advertise → ________；negotiate → negotiable/________；prefer → ________；qualify → qualification/________ 核心词块 catch one's eye；at one's leisure；prevent damage to；above sea level；a sense of pride and achievement；under threat；in favour of；report back via；in addition to doing；become aware of；give preference to；reach a compromise 重点句型 Taking years to complete, the railway is a record of our efforts.；Located at over 5,000 metres, this is the highest railway station in the world.；It is host to many species.；Whether ... or ... isn't really important. 核心语法 现在完成进行时：________ + been doing；表示动作从过去开始持续到现在，强调过程、延续或近期反复。 写作任务 写招聘启事：标题—岗位地点与期限—职责—要求—待遇—申请方式。 词汇全景：教材词表全覆盖 说明：教材词表35项全部收录（33个单词、2个正式短语）。A/B层为高二复习的教学分层；语篇词块、词族和迁移表达另行标注。 教材词表·A层① （产出掌握） massive ________；delicate ________；splendid ________；leisure ________；radiation ________；mirror-like ________；wander ________；economy ________；jungle ________；disturb ________；operator ________ 教材词表·A层② （产出掌握） conservationist ________；candidate ________；applicant ________；favour ________；advertise ________；genuine ________；salary ________；negotiable ________；preference ________；qualification ________；waist ________；at one's leisure ________；in favour of ________ 教材词表·B层① （识别理解） steadily 平稳地；landmark 地标；permafrost 永久冻土层；Tibetan 西藏的；antelope 羚羊；wetland 湿地 教材词表·B层② （识别理解） grassland 草原；emission 排放物；via 通过；借助于；scenery 风景；景色；plateau 高原 铁路游记词块 race along steadily；be about to do；claim that；overcome engineering challenges；catch one's eye；with a total length of；be located at；above sea level；a sense of pride and achievement；make sure 生态保护词块 protect the environment from damage；allow wildlife to move safely；be unaware that；speed past；prevent damage to；disturb wildlife；be made up of；under threat；be host to 招聘与旅游词块 highlight the importance of；report back via；attract interest from；out of thousands of applicants；in addition to doing；make an appearance；become aware of；come to understand 申请与协商词块 apply for；give preference to；be qualified for；negotiate a salary；help the local economy；use up natural resources；carbon emissions；meet in the middle；reach a compromise 词族网络① steady—steadily；delicate—delicacy；conserve—conservation—conservationist；economy—economic—economical；disturb—disturbance—disturbed—disturbing；operate—operator—operation 词族网络② apply—applicant—application；favour—favourable；advertise—advertisement—advertising；negotiate—negotiable—negotiation；prefer—preference；qualify—qualification—qualified 搭配与句法 at one's leisure；in favour of；a preference for；give preference to sb/sth；qualifications in/for；be qualified for sth/to do sth；advertise sth；advertise for sb 熟词生义 claim v. 声称；speed v. 快速前进；present v. 造成/呈现；passage n. 通道；host n. 主办者/东道主，be host to 是……的栖息地 易混辨析 applicant：已提交申请者；candidate：被考虑或进入选拔的人；economic：经济的；economical：节约的；scenery：不可数的整体风景；scene：具体场景 招聘启事输出 Environmental workers wanted!；Responsibilities include monitoring the wetland.；Applicants are expected to work at weekends.；Preference will be given to qualified candidates. 待遇与申请输出 Salary negotiable; accommodation and meals provided.；Please apply by 30 June.；The role offers genuine field experience.；Join us in protecting a delicate ecosystem. 一、核心词汇精讲 以下10个考点从完整词表中筛选，兼顾语篇理解、语法填空与招聘启事输出。例句和练习为教材语境改编或教师原创。 1. massive　adj. 巨大的；大量的 【用法归纳】massive amounts of；a massive project/change；强调规模或程度巨大。 【对点训练】The railway project required a ______ amount of planning and cooperation. 作答：____________________________________________________________ 2. delicate　adj. 脆弱的；需要谨慎处理的 【用法归纳】a delicate ecosystem/balance；delicately adv.；fragile 多强调容易破碎，delicate 还强调复杂、需谨慎。 【对点训练】Tourism must be managed carefully to protect the ______ balance of the wetland. 作答：____________________________________________________________ 3. leisure　n. 空闲；闲暇 【用法归纳】at one's leisure 空闲时；leisure activities/time；leisurely adj./adv. 悠闲的/地。 【对点训练】Visitors may read the safety guide at their ______ before entering the reserve. 作答：____________________________________________________________ 4. economy　n. 经济 【用法归纳】the local economy；economic growth/policy；economical cars/methods 强调节约、实惠。 【对点训练】Responsible tourism can create jobs and support the local ______. 作答：____________________________________________________________ 5. disturb　v. 干扰；扰乱 【用法归纳】disturb wildlife/sleep；disturbance n.；disturbed 感到不安的；disturbing 令人不安的。 【对点训练】Loud music may ______ the animals during the breeding season. 作答：____________________________________________________________ 6. candidate / applicant　n. 候选者 / 申请人 【用法归纳】applicant 指已提出申请的人；candidate 指被考虑、入围或参加选拔的人。 【对点训练】Out of 300 ______, twelve candidates were invited to interview. 作答：____________________________________________________________ 7. favour　n. 支持；赞同；帮助 【用法归纳】in favour of；do sb a favour；favourable adj. 有利的/赞同的。 【对点训练】Most residents were in ______ of limiting visitor numbers at night. 作答：____________________________________________________________ 8. advertise　v. 做广告；宣传；征聘 【用法归纳】advertise a product/job；advertise for volunteers；advertisement n.；advertising n.。 【对点训练】The reserve plans to advertise ______ six student guides for the summer. 作答：____________________________________________________________ 9. preference　n. 优先权；偏爱 【用法归纳】a preference for；give preference to；prefer A to B；prefer doing/to do。 【对点训练】Preference will be given ______ applicants with fieldwork experience. 作答：____________________________________________________________ 10. qualification　n. 技能条件；资格 【用法归纳】qualifications in/for；qualify for/as；be qualified for sth/to do sth。 【对点训练】Applicants must have a first-aid ______ (qualify). 作答：____________________________________________________________ 二、核心语法精讲：现在完成进行时 基本形式 肯定：________；否定：________；疑问：________ + 主语 + been doing? 核心意义 动作从________开始持续到现在，可能仍将继续；强调持续过程、时间长度或近期反复。 常见标志 ________ + 时间点/从句；________ + 时间段；all day/week；recently；lately；how long。 与现在完成时区别 have done 常强调完成、次数或________；have been doing 常强调________和延续。 近期反复 动作未必一直连续，也可表示近期________：We have been visiting the reserve every weekend. 状态动词 know、believe、belong、own 等通常不用进行时，应用________：I have known her for years. 判断流程 ① 找时间范围：过去是否延续到现在？ → ② 看表达重点：过程/持续，还是完成/次数/结果？ → ③ 检查动词：是否为通常不用进行时的状态动词？ → ④ 选择 have/has been doing 或 have/has done → ⑤ 核对 since/for 与主谓一致。 1. The students ________ (monitor) the wetland since early May. 作答：____________________________________________________________ 2. The team ________ already ________ (complete) three sound surveys. 作答：____________________________________________________________ 3. How long ________ the reserve ________ (use) the quiet-hour rule? 作答：____________________________________________________________ 4. I ________ (know) the conservationist for five years. 作答：____________________________________________________________ 5. 改写：They started restoring the grassland two years ago and they are still doing it. 作答：____________________________________________________________ 三、单元写作清单：招聘启事 【任务】为自然保护区、生态项目或校园环保活动写一则80—100词的英文招聘启事。内容应包含岗位、地点/期限、职责、要求、待遇和申请方式。 要素 写作问题 可迁移表达 标题与岗位 Who is wanted? Environmental workers wanted!；Student guides needed! 地点与期限 Where and for how long? at ... Nature Reserve；from 10 July to 20 July 岗位职责 What will the person do? Responsibilities include doing...；be responsible for doing... 申请条件 Who is suitable? Applicants are expected to...；be qualified for...；preference will be given to... 待遇与申请 What is offered and how to apply? meals provided；salary negotiable；please apply by... 写作自检 □ 标题醒目，岗位、地点和时间信息完整。 □ 职责使用并列的 -ing 形式，要求与职责相关。 □ 至少复用3个单元词汇或词块。 □ 待遇与申请方式明确，语气简洁得体。 □ 80—100词，无答案式逐句翻译。 写作支架 ________________ WANTED!　Location/period: ______________________________ Responsibilities include __________________________________________________ Applicants should ________________________________________________________ Preference will be given to ______________________________________________ Benefits: _________________________________________________________________ Please apply ______________________________________________________________ 易错点01 现在完成时 / 现在完成进行时 【错因辨析】强调已完成的数量或结果用 have done；强调从过去延续到现在的过程用 have been doing。 【对点训练】The team ________ (collect) 200 photos, and they ________ (work) on the report all week. 作答：____________________________________________________________ 易错点02 since / for 【错因辨析】since 后接起点或过去时从句；for 后接时间段。 【对点训练】The reserve has been limiting noise ________ last month / ________ four weeks. 作答：____________________________________________________________ 易错点03 applicant / candidate 【错因辨析】applicant 是提出申请的人；candidate 是被考虑、入围或参加选拔的人。 【对点训练】More than 500 ________ applied, and ten candidates reached the final interview. 作答：____________________________________________________________ 易错点04 preference / qualification 【错因辨析】give preference to 中 to 是介词；qualification 常与 in/for 搭配，qualified 常与 for/to do 搭配。 【对点训练】Preference will be given ________ candidates with qualifications ________ environmental science. 作答：____________________________________________________________ 建议用时：30分钟　满分：45分　共26题 一、默写重点单词（每题1分，共8分） 1. __________ v. 干扰；扰乱 2. __________ n. 申请人 3. __________ n. 支持；赞同 4. __________ v. 做广告；宣传 5. __________ n. 优先权；偏爱 6. __________ n. 技能条件；资格 7. __________ adj. 脆弱的 8. __________ n. 经济 二、词汇与短语运用（每题1分，共6分） 9. The train has been moving ________ (steady) across the plateau. 10. The young ________ (conserve) explained why the wetland needed protection. 11. A local tour ________ (operate) offered free transport for the volunteers. 12. Most students were ________ favour of the quieter visiting rule. 13. The salary is ________ (negotiate), depending on experience. 14. Out of 600 ________ (apply), only twelve candidates were interviewed. 三、重点句型与语法（每题1分，共6分） 15. The volunteers ________ (monitor) visitor behaviour since Monday. 16. The team ________ already ________ (record) more than 300 bird sightings. 17. Local people ________ (protect) the forest for many years, and the work continues. 18. The quiet-hour programme has been running ________ four weeks. 19. It ________ (rain) all morning, so the path is still wet. 20. 改写：They started restoring the grassland two years ago and are still doing it. 作答：____________________________________________________________ 四、写作微任务（共5分） 21. 假定你校环保社团将于暑假在本地湿地公园开展10天志愿服务，请写一则约80词的英文招聘启事。内容包括：岗位与期限、两项职责、申请条件、待遇及申请截止日期。至少使用3个Unit 6词汇或词块。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 五、阅读理解（每题4分，共20分） A Quiet Hour for the Reed Beds — At a lakeside reserve in eastern China, a group of secondary-school volunteers noticed that egrets no longer fed near a popular boardwalk at midday. Reserve staff assumed that the total number of visitors was the problem. Instead of immediately closing the path, the students asked a more precise question: were the birds reacting to how many people came, or to how those visitors behaved? For three weekends, the team counted visitors, measured sound levels and recorded the birds' distance from the boardwalk every fifteen minutes. Students stayed on two viewing platforms and never approached nests. A surprising pattern emerged. When a group of nearly thirty people spoke quietly, several birds remained close to the reeds. Yet when fewer than ten visitors shouted or played music, the birds withdrew to the far side of the lake. The evidence challenged the original assumption. Sudden noise appeared to matter more than crowd size. The students designed a one-hour trial: signs requested silence, volunteers explained the reason, and phone speakers had to be switched off. During that hour, the average sound level fell and the egrets returned to the feeding area twelve minutes earlier than on ordinary days. The team did not claim that silence alone caused the change, but the result was promising. Not everyone supported the idea. A nearby shop owner worried that new restrictions might drive visitors away. The students shared their figures and proposed a quiet hour rather than an all-day closure. Outside that period, normal visits and guided talks could continue. The reserve accepted a four-week pilot, while local shops promoted the quiet hour as a special early-morning experience. This compromise reduced conflict without hiding the conservation goal. By the end of the pilot, bird observations near the reeds had increased, but the students remained cautious: weather and water levels could also influence feeding. They recommended repeating the study the following season. The project taught them that nurturing nature is not simply choosing wildlife over people. It means collecting evidence and designing behaviour that allows both to share a place. Sometimes a small, well-tested change is more effective than a dramatic rule. 22. What question did the students investigate first? A. Whether egrets preferred deep or shallow water. B. Whether visitor numbers or visitor behaviour disturbed the birds. C. Whether the boardwalk should be rebuilt in another place. D. Whether shops should open earlier at weekends. 23. Which finding challenged the reserve staff's first assumption? A. Large quiet groups caused less disturbance than small noisy groups. B. Bird numbers always fell when the water level rose. C. Visitors preferred guided talks to independent visits. D. The birds returned only after every visitor had left. 24. What does the word 'pilot' in Paragraph 4 most probably mean? A. A person who guides visitors around a reserve. B. A rule that must remain unchanged for years. C. A limited trial used to test an idea before a wider decision. D. A business plan designed only to increase shop income. 25. How is Paragraph 4 mainly organised? A. A concern is introduced and then answered with a compromise. B. Two reserves are compared in order of size. C. A scientific method is explained step by step. D. Several mistakes are listed without solutions. 26. Which title best expresses the main idea of the passage? A. Why Every Nature Reserve Should Close Its Shops B. Evidence Helps Visitors Make Room for Birds C. How to Photograph Egrets from a Boardwalk D. A School Project to Attract Larger Crowds 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $