专题08 Unit 8 Once upon a Time-【语境大串记】一轮高频考点 单元备考学案 -2027年中考英语人教版七年级下册

该初中英语中考复习学案以七年级下册Unit 8为核心，整合12个中考高频知识点，构建“语境串记单词-高频知识点梳理-核心考点易错点突破”的递进体系。通过英文语篇与中文译文结合的语境任务，引导学生利用记忆线索自主建立单词、短语与句型的内在联系，系统梳理考点层次。 亮点在于“语境化深度学习”和“考点精准突破”设计，如Part 1语篇阅读任务培养语言能力，Part 3核心考点通过“用法解析-真题典例”引导分析易错点提升思维品质。中考题型演练涵盖单选、词汇等模块，学生可自主完成自测诊断，教师能依据答题情况实施分层指导，有效培养学生自主复习能力与备考效率。

乐思英语 ·中考高频知识点 专题08【语境大串记】第八单元备考学案（新教材人教版） 中考高频知识点：once upon a time / bite / hunter / emperor / pretend / wise / ugly / duckling / swan / laugh at / fisherman / in the end （知识点来源：七年级下册 Unit 8 Once upon a Time + 中考高频知识点） 学校：________________ 姓名：________________ 班级：__________ 座号：__________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记单词 1 Part 2 中考高频知识点 2 Part 3 核心考点 · 易错点 3 Part 4 重点句型与交际用语 4 Part 5 语法聚焦：一般过去时（讲故事）& 动词不定式 5 Part 6 中考题型演练 6 Part 1 语境串记单词 【英文语篇】 Once upon a time, a poor fisherman caught a small golden fish in his net. A hunter in the forest made a promise to the emperor. Long ago, there was a war between two neighbours. A wise old man told the king not to lie or pretend to be an official. The silly boy did not decide to praise the afraid cat. Suddenly, the dog smiled at the door. At first, nobody knew the truth. We should always tell the truth and not make money by a true lie. The bad man began to hate his rich neighbour and wanted to get out. The ugly duckling was not real, so the other birds laughed at him. He wanted to go away and searched for a safe place. They searched for food by the lake where a hen lived. Hopefully, the cat would purr and a bird would lay an egg. A white swan showed its white feather. To sb's surprise, the small fish grew to a size of a man. People believe the story only if it is true. A powerful artist could set the bird free. Anyone can be happy instead of being sad. He succeeded in doing sth and did not die. In the end, he was free and fished by the warm lake. 【中文译文】 从前，一位贫穷的渔夫（fisherman）用网（net）捕到一条小金鱼。森林里一位猎人（hunter）向皇帝（emperor）许下诺言（promise）。很久以前（long ago），两个邻居（neighbour）之间发生了一场战争（war）。 一位明智的（wise）老人告诉国王（king）不要撒谎（lie），也不要假装（pretend）成官员（official）。那个愚蠢的（silly）男孩没有决定（decide）去赞美（praise）那只害怕的（afraid）猫。突然地（suddenly），狗在门口微笑（smile）了。 起初（at first），没人知道真相（truth）。我们应当永远说实话（tell the truth），不靠真实的（true）谎言去赚钱（make money）。那个坏人开始不喜欢；厌恶（hate）他富有的（rich）邻居（neighbour），想要逃脱；离开（get out）。 那只丑陋的（ugly）小鸭子（duckling）不是真的（real），所以其他鸟嘲笑（laugh at）它。它想走开（go away）去寻找（search）安全之地。它们在湖边寻找（search for）食物，那里住着一只母鸡（hen）。 有希望地（hopefully），猫会发出呜呜声，鸟会下（蛋）（lay）蛋。一只白色天鹅（swan）展示了洁白的羽毛（feather）。出乎某人的意料（to sb's surprise），小鱼长到了人的大小；尺寸（size）。人们相信（believe）这个故事，只有（only if）它是真的。 一位强大的（powerful）画家（artist）能释放（set…free）鸟儿。任何人（anyone）都可以快乐，而不是（instead of）悲伤。他成功做成某事（succeed in doing sth），没有死亡（die）。最后；终究（in the end），他自由了，在温暖的湖边钓鱼；捕鱼（fishing）。 【语境串联记忆线索】 upon → once upon a time → bite → bite through → net → hunter → promise → long ago → war → neighbour → wise → emperor → lie → pretend → official → silly → decide → praise → afraid → suddenly → at first → truth → tell the truth → make money → true → hate → get out → king → artist → quickly → smile → all over → ugly → duckling → real → laugh at → go away → search → search for → hen → hopefully → purr → lay → swan → feather → to sb's surprise → size → believe → only if → fisherman → fishing → come out → genie → die → make a promise → someone → set → set ... free → rich → powerful → anyone → instead of → succeed in doing sth → himself → in the end Part 2 中考高频知识点 单词 / 短语 音标 词性 / 释义 页码 once upon a time — 从前；很久以前 p.57 bite /baɪt/ v. 咬；咬伤 p.58 hunter /ˈhʌntə(r)/ n. 猎人；搜寻者 p.58 emperor /ˈempərə(r)/ n. 皇帝 p.59 pretend /prɪˈtend/ v. 假装；伪装 p.59 wise /waɪz/ adj. 明智的；高明的 p.58 ugly /ˈʌgli/ adj. 丑陋的；难看的 p.62 duckling /ˈdʌklɪŋ/ n. 小鸭子 p.62 swan /swɒn/ n. 天鹅 p.62 laugh at — 嘲笑 p.62 fisherman /ˈfɪʃəmən/ n. 渔夫 p.63 in the end — 最后；终究 p.63 专有名词（了解即可，一般不作填空考点）：Hans Christian Andersen（安徒生，《丑小鸭》作者）。 Part 3 核心考点 · 易错点 1. once upon a time 与 long ago（讲故事的开头） 【用法介绍】once upon a time 与 long ago 均意为「很久以前」，常用于故事开头，句子谓语用一般过去时。 例句 1：Once upon a time, there was a poor fisherman by the sea. 例句 2：Long ago, an ugly duckling lived with some white swans. 【真题典例】Once upon a time, there ______ a poor fisherman living by the sea with his family. A. is B. are C. was D. were 2. decide to do sth. 【用法介绍】decide 意为「决定」，后接动词不定式 decide to do sth.；名词为 decision（决定）。 例句 1：The hunter decided to set the bird free. 例句 2：She decided to go on a trip with her friends. 【真题典例】The king decided ______ a new house for the poor people in the village. A. build B. to build C. building D. built 3. make + 宾语 + 形容词 【用法介绍】make 在此意为「使；让」，结构为 make + 宾语 + 形容词（作宾补），表示「使某人或某物处于某种状态」。 例句 1：The good news made the children happy. 例句 2：The dirty water made the river terrible. 【优选模拟】The powerful genie ______ the poor fisherman rich and happy at last. A. make B. makes C. made D. making 4. laugh at 与 smile 【用法介绍】laugh at 意为「嘲笑；讥笑」；smile 意为「微笑」，可作不及物或及物动词；两者均描述人物情绪。 例句 1：The other birds laughed at the ugly duckling. 例句 2：The genie smiled and agreed with the fisherman. 【真题典例】The neighbours ______ the little boy because he wore old and ugly clothes. A. laughed at B. laughed C. laugh at D. laughing at 5. to one's surprise 的用法 【用法介绍】to one's surprise 意为「出乎某人的意料」，one's 随人称变为 my / his / her 等；surprise 为名词。 例句 1：To my surprise, the ugly duckling became a white swan. 例句 2：To his surprise, the small fish turned into a genie. 【真题典例】______, the small fish turned into a big golden fish and swam quickly away. A. To his surprise B. To he surprise C. To him surprise D. To surprising 6. pretend 的用法 【用法介绍】pretend 意为「假装」，后接动词不定式 pretend to do sth.；或 pretend + that 从句。 例句 1：The boy pretended to be a hunter in the game. 例句 2：She pretended that she did not hear me. 【优选模拟】The duckling ______ to be a small stone so the other birds would not find him. A. pretend B. pretends C. pretended D. pretending 7. tell the truth 与 lie 【用法介绍】tell the truth 意为「说实话」；lie 作动词意为「撒谎」，作名词意为「谎言」；反义为 tell a lie。 例句 1：At first he lied, but later he told the truth. 例句 2：We should always tell the truth to our friends. 【优选模拟】The king asked the official to ______ the truth about the war at once. A. tell B. say C. speak D. talk 8. set ... free 的用法 【用法介绍】set ... free 意为「释放；使自由」，宾语为代词时必须放在 set 与 free 中间：set it free。 例句 1：The fisherman set the golden fish free into the sea. 例句 2：They set the little bird free after taking a photo. 【优选模拟】The kind hunter decided to set the small bird ______ and let it fly away. A. free B. freely C. freeing D. frees 9. instead of 的用法 【用法介绍】instead of 意为「代替；而不是」，后接名词、代词或动词-ing 形式，放在句中或句首。 例句 1：He cooked the fish instead of selling it. 例句 2：Instead of laughing, they helped the duckling. 【优选模拟】______ selling the golden fish, the poor man set it free back into the sea. A. Instead B. Instead of C. Instead for D. Instead with 10. succeed in doing sth. 与 in the end 【用法介绍】succeed in doing sth. 意为「成功做成某事」；in the end 意为「最后；终究」，相当于 finally。 例句 1：He succeeded in catching the big fish at last. 例句 2：In the end, the ugly duckling became a beautiful swan. 【优选模拟】The duckling ______ in becoming a real white swan and lived happily. A. succeed B. succeeds C. succeeded D. succeeding Part 4 重点句型与交际用语 1. Once upon a time, there was a wise old man in the village. 【用法介绍】Once upon a time 是讲故事的固定开头，后接 there be 句型，谓语动词用一般过去时。 例句 1：Once upon a time, there lived a poor fisherman by the sea. 例句 2：Once upon a time, an ugly duckling was born on a farm. 【优选模拟】Once upon a time, there ______ a small duckling on the farm. A. is B. are C. was D. were 2. The hunter decided to set the bird free. 【用法介绍】decide to do sth. 意为「决定做某事」，decide 后必须接动词不定式。 例句 1：The king decided to build a new house for the poor. 例句 2：She decided to tell the truth at last. 【优选模拟】The fisherman decided ______ the golden fish back into the sea. A. set B. to set C. setting D. sets 3. Don't laugh at others when they make small mistakes. 【用法介绍】laugh at 意为「嘲笑」，宾语可为人或物；其反义为 smile at（对……微笑）。 例句 1：The birds laughed at the ugly duckling. 例句 2：We should not laugh at people in trouble. 【优选模拟】The other swans ______ the little duckling because he was grey and small. A. laugh at B. laugh C. laughing D. laughed at 4. To my surprise, the ugly duckling became a swan. 【用法介绍】to one's surprise 意为「出乎某人的意料」，one's 随人称变化（my / his / her）。 例句 1：To his surprise, the small fish turned into a genie. 例句 2：To our surprise, the story was true. 【优选模拟】______, the small fish turned into a beautiful golden swan. A. To my surprise B. To me surprise C. To I surprise D. Surprising 5. In the end, the fisherman got out of the net and went home. 【用法介绍】in the end 意为「最后；终究」，相当于 finally；get out of 意为「从……中逃脱」。 例句 1：In the end, the duckling became a beautiful swan. 例句 2：He got out of the net and swam away quickly. 【优选模拟】______, the poor man succeeded in setting the fish free and went home. A. In the end B. At first C. At the start D. To his surprise Part 5 语法聚焦：一般过去时（讲故事）& 动词不定式 一、there be 句型的一般过去时 there is / are 的过去式为 there was / were；名词单数用 was，复数用 were；讲故事时常用 Once upon a time, there was / were ... 开头。 【真题典例】Once upon a time, there ______ a poor fisherman living by the sea with his family. A. is B. are C. was D. were 二、动词不定式（to do） want / decide / hope / promise / agree 等动词后接动词不定式 to do sth.；tell / ask / teach sb. to do sth. 表示「叫 / 要求 / 教某人做某事」。 【真题典例】The king decided ______ a new house for the poor people in the village. A. build B. to build C. building D. built 三、make + 宾语 + 形容词 make + 宾语 + 形容词 表示「使某人 / 某物处于某种状态」，形容词作宾补；类似结构还有 keep / leave + 宾语 + 形容词。 【优选模拟】The happy story ______ the children excited and they all smiled. A. make B. makes C. made D. making Part 6 中考题型演练 一、单项选择（15 小题） 1. Once upon a time, there ______ a poor fisherman living by the sea with his family. A. is B. are C. was D. were 2. The ugly duckling ______ into a beautiful swan at the end of the story. A. become B. becomes C. became D. becoming 3. The king decided ______ a new house for the poor people in the village. A. build B. to build C. building D. built 4. The neighbours ______ the little boy because he wore old and ugly clothes. A. laughed at B. laughed C. laugh at D. laughing at 5. ______, the small fish turned into a big golden fish and swam quickly away. A. To his surprise B. To he surprise C. To him surprise D. To surprising 6. The old man decided ______ the little bird and let it fly away. A. set B. to set C. setting D. sets 7. The ugly duckling was ______ by the other swans because of his grey colour. A. laugh at B. laughed at C. laugh D. to laugh 8. The genie ______ to help the poor fisherman and then went away. A. promise B. promises C. promised D. promising 9. ______, the small fish turned into a beautiful golden swan in the story. A. To my surprise B. To me surprise C. To I surprise D. Surprising 10. The fisherman was kind, so he ______ the fish go back to the sea. A. let B. lets C. letted D. letting 11. The king was ______ enough to agree with the poor people's good idea. A. wise B. wisely C. wisdom D. wiser 12. The duckling felt afraid and ______ to go away from the lake. A. decide B. decides C. decided D. deciding 13. We should never ______ others when they make small mistakes. A. laugh at B. laugh C. laughing D. to laugh 14. The neighbours ______ the little boy because he told the truth at last. A. praise B. praised C. praising D. to praise 15. In the end, the fisherman ______ happily with his family by the sea. A. live B. lives C. lived D. living 二、词汇运用（10 小题） （A）用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Once upon a time, a fisherman _____________(fish) by the sea and caught a small golden fish. 2. In the story the ugly little duckling _____________(become) a beautiful white swan at the very end. 3. The kind old hunter _____________(decide) to set the small bird free instead of killing it. 4. All the other birds _____________(laugh) at the little boy, but later they said sorry to him. 5. The small but powerful genie _____________(promise) to help the poor old man and then went away. （B）根据中文提示写出单词。 6. The king asked the _____________(明智的) old man to help decide what the poor people should do. 7. A small and lonely _____________(丑陋的) duckling lived with the big white swans by the quiet lake. 8. The kind boy wanted to _____________(释放) the small fish carefully back into the warm river water. 9. To my great _____________(出乎意料), the ugly little duckling finally became a beautiful white swan. 10. _____________(而不是) selling the big fish, the poor old man set it free back into the blue sea. 三、关联阅读理解 Once upon a time, there was a poor fisherman living by the sea with his small family. One early morning he went fishing and caught a small golden fish in his net. The little fish looked at him with sad eyes and said, "Please set me free and I will help you some day." The fisherman was a kind man, so he let the small fish swim away back into the blue sea. He smiled and went home to his wife and children. To his surprise, the small fish became a powerful genie. The genie promised to make the poor man rich and happy for ever. But the fisherman only wanted a small new house for his family by the sea. The genie smiled and agreed with him at once. They became good friends in the end, and the fisherman never forgot the kind genie's help every day. Long ago in another quiet village, an ugly duckling lived with some big white swans. The other birds laughed at him because he was small and grey. The poor duckling felt afraid and decided to go away from the lake. He searched for a safe place to hide by the water. At first nobody was kind to him, but he did not hate the other birds and walked alone through the cold night. At first nobody believed the little duckling. In the end, he became a beautiful white swan. The neighbours praised him and the wise king agreed with the truth at last. The story tells us: never hate others, and everyone can succeed in being real and happy. To our surprise, the small duckling found his own place in the world and lived happily by the lake with his new friends. 1. What did the fisherman catch in his net? A. A golden fish. B. A small swan. C. A big genie. D. A red hen. 2. What did the genie promise to do? A. To catch more fish. B. To make the man rich. C. To build a ship. D. To laugh at others. 3. Why did the other birds laugh at the duckling? A. He was small and grey. B. He was very rich. C. He was a king. D. He was wise. 4. What did the duckling become in the end? A. A grey duck. B. A white swan. C. A golden fish. D. A powerful genie. 5. What is the best title for the passage? A. How to Catch a Fish B. The Wise King C. Being Real and Happy D. A Poor Fisherman 四、语法填空（优选模拟） Once upon a time, a monkey and an elephant lived in a faraway forest. They were good friends and did anything together. One day, they had 1 big problem. The monkey said being fast was the key to success. But the elephant 2 (think) strength (力气) was more important. So the wise owl (猫头鹰) pointed to a fruit on a tall tree across the river. “Bring 3 to me. I’ll help you.” he said. Soon they started off. The monkey stopped at the deep river. The elephant walked into the water and 4 (one) arrived at the tree. But the fruit was so high for him that he wasn’t 5 high spirits. The elephant went back sadly. Then he asked the monkey 6 (jump) on his back. Together, they crossed the river. The monkey climbed the tree and 7 (pick) the fruit. “Which one of you brought the fruit 8 (final)?” asked the owl. Both of them said nothing. The owl smiled, “Either of you has your own strength. But you could not get the fruit alone. You succeeded 9 you helped each other.” They understood that teamwork is 10 (power). They learned that working together makes everyone stronger. 2 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $乐思英语 ·中考高频知识点 专题08【语境大串记】第八单元备考学案（新教材人教版） 中考高频知识点：once upon a time / bite / hunter / emperor / pretend / wise / ugly / duckling / swan / laugh at / fisherman / in the end （知识点来源：七年级下册 Unit 8 Once upon a Time + 中考高频知识点） 学校：________________ 姓名：________________ 班级：__________ 座号：__________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记单词 1 Part 2 中考高频知识点 2 Part 3 核心考点 · 易错点 3 Part 4 重点句型与交际用语 5 Part 5 语法聚焦：一般过去时（讲故事）& 动词不定式 7 Part 6 中考题型演练 7 Part 1 语境串记单词 【英文语篇】 Once upon a time, a poor fisherman caught a small golden fish in his net. A hunter in the forest made a promise to the emperor. Long ago, there was a war between two neighbours. A wise old man told the king not to lie or pretend to be an official. The silly boy did not decide to praise the afraid cat. Suddenly, the dog smiled at the door. At first, nobody knew the truth. We should always tell the truth and not make money by a true lie. The bad man began to hate his rich neighbour and wanted to get out. The ugly duckling was not real, so the other birds laughed at him. He wanted to go away and searched for a safe place. They searched for food by the lake where a hen lived. Hopefully, the cat would purr and a bird would lay an egg. A white swan showed its white feather. To sb's surprise, the small fish grew to a size of a man. People believe the story only if it is true. A powerful artist could set the bird free. Anyone can be happy instead of being sad. He succeeded in doing sth and did not die. In the end, he was free and fished by the warm lake. 【中文译文】 从前，一位贫穷的渔夫（fisherman）用网（net）捕到一条小金鱼。森林里一位猎人（hunter）向皇帝（emperor）许下诺言（promise）。很久以前（long ago），两个邻居（neighbour）之间发生了一场战争（war）。 一位明智的（wise）老人告诉国王（king）不要撒谎（lie），也不要假装（pretend）成官员（official）。那个愚蠢的（silly）男孩没有决定（decide）去赞美（praise）那只害怕的（afraid）猫。突然地（suddenly），狗在门口微笑（smile）了。 起初（at first），没人知道真相（truth）。我们应当永远说实话（tell the truth），不靠真实的（true）谎言去赚钱（make money）。那个坏人开始不喜欢；厌恶（hate）他富有的（rich）邻居（neighbour），想要逃脱；离开（get out）。 那只丑陋的（ugly）小鸭子（duckling）不是真的（real），所以其他鸟嘲笑（laugh at）它。它想走开（go away）去寻找（search）安全之地。它们在湖边寻找（search for）食物，那里住着一只母鸡（hen）。 有希望地（hopefully），猫会发出呜呜声，鸟会下（蛋）（lay）蛋。一只白色天鹅（swan）展示了洁白的羽毛（feather）。出乎某人的意料（to sb's surprise），小鱼长到了人的大小；尺寸（size）。人们相信（believe）这个故事，只有（only if）它是真的。 一位强大的（powerful）画家（artist）能释放（set…free）鸟儿。任何人（anyone）都可以快乐，而不是（instead of）悲伤。他成功做成某事（succeed in doing sth），没有死亡（die）。最后；终究（in the end），他自由了，在温暖的湖边钓鱼；捕鱼（fishing）。 【语境串联记忆线索】 upon → once upon a time → bite → bite through → net → hunter → promise → long ago → war → neighbour → wise → emperor → lie → pretend → official → silly → decide → praise → afraid → suddenly → at first → truth → tell the truth → make money → true → hate → get out → king → artist → quickly → smile → all over → ugly → duckling → real → laugh at → go away → search → search for → hen → hopefully → purr → lay → swan → feather → to sb's surprise → size → believe → only if → fisherman → fishing → come out → genie → die → make a promise → someone → set → set ... free → rich → powerful → anyone → instead of → succeed in doing sth → himself → in the end Part 2 中考高频知识点 单词 / 短语 音标 词性 / 释义 页码 once upon a time — 从前；很久以前 p.57 bite /baɪt/ v. 咬；咬伤 p.58 hunter /ˈhʌntə(r)/ n. 猎人；搜寻者 p.58 emperor /ˈempərə(r)/ n. 皇帝 p.59 pretend /prɪˈtend/ v. 假装；伪装 p.59 wise /waɪz/ adj. 明智的；高明的 p.58 ugly /ˈʌgli/ adj. 丑陋的；难看的 p.62 duckling /ˈdʌklɪŋ/ n. 小鸭子 p.62 swan /swɒn/ n. 天鹅 p.62 laugh at — 嘲笑 p.62 fisherman /ˈfɪʃəmən/ n. 渔夫 p.63 in the end — 最后；终究 p.63 专有名词（了解即可，一般不作填空考点）：Hans Christian Andersen（安徒生，《丑小鸭》作者）。 Part 3 核心考点 · 易错点 1. once upon a time 与 long ago（讲故事的开头） 【用法介绍】once upon a time 与 long ago 均意为「很久以前」，常用于故事开头，句子谓语用一般过去时。 例句 1：Once upon a time, there was a poor fisherman by the sea. 例句 2：Long ago, an ugly duckling lived with some white swans. 【真题典例】Once upon a time, there ______ a poor fisherman living by the sea with his family. A. is B. are C. was D. were 答案：C 解析：once upon a time 用于故事开头，there be 用一般过去时；a fisherman 为单数，用 was。故选 C。 2. decide to do sth. 【用法介绍】decide 意为「决定」，后接动词不定式 decide to do sth.；名词为 decision（决定）。 例句 1：The hunter decided to set the bird free. 例句 2：She decided to go on a trip with her friends. 【真题典例】The king decided ______ a new house for the poor people in the village. A. build B. to build C. building D. built 答案：B 解析：decide to do sth. 为固定用法，意为「决定做某事」，用 to build。故选 B。 3. make + 宾语 + 形容词 【用法介绍】make 在此意为「使；让」，结构为 make + 宾语 + 形容词（作宾补），表示「使某人或某物处于某种状态」。 例句 1：The good news made the children happy. 例句 2：The dirty water made the river terrible. 【优选模拟】The powerful genie ______ the poor fisherman rich and happy at last. A. make B. makes C. made D. making 答案：C 解析：由 at last 与语境可知用一般过去时，make 的过去式为 made。故选 C。 4. laugh at 与 smile 【用法介绍】laugh at 意为「嘲笑；讥笑」；smile 意为「微笑」，可作不及物或及物动词；两者均描述人物情绪。 例句 1：The other birds laughed at the ugly duckling. 例句 2：The genie smiled and agreed with the fisherman. 【真题典例】The neighbours ______ the little boy because he wore old and ugly clothes. A. laughed at B. laughed C. laugh at D. laughing at 答案：A 解析：laugh at 意为「嘲笑」，由 wore 可知用一般过去时 laughed at。故选 A。 5. to one's surprise 的用法 【用法介绍】to one's surprise 意为「出乎某人的意料」，one's 随人称变为 my / his / her 等；surprise 为名词。 例句 1：To my surprise, the ugly duckling became a white swan. 例句 2：To his surprise, the small fish turned into a genie. 【真题典例】______, the small fish turned into a big golden fish and swam quickly away. A. To his surprise B. To he surprise C. To him surprise D. To surprising 答案：A 解析：to one's surprise 中 one's 用物主代词 his，即 To his surprise。故选 A。 6. pretend 的用法 【用法介绍】pretend 意为「假装」，后接动词不定式 pretend to do sth.；或 pretend + that 从句。 例句 1：The boy pretended to be a hunter in the game. 例句 2：She pretended that she did not hear me. 【优选模拟】The duckling ______ to be a small stone so the other birds would not find him. A. pretend B. pretends C. pretended D. pretending 答案：C 解析：由 would 可知用一般过去时，pretend 的过去式为 pretended。故选 C。 7. tell the truth 与 lie 【用法介绍】tell the truth 意为「说实话」；lie 作动词意为「撒谎」，作名词意为「谎言」；反义为 tell a lie。 例句 1：At first he lied, but later he told the truth. 例句 2：We should always tell the truth to our friends. 【优选模拟】The king asked the official to ______ the truth about the war at once. A. tell B. say C. speak D. talk 答案：A 解析：tell the truth 为固定搭配，意为「说实话」。故选 A。 8. set ... free 的用法 【用法介绍】set ... free 意为「释放；使自由」，宾语为代词时必须放在 set 与 free 中间：set it free。 例句 1：The fisherman set the golden fish free into the sea. 例句 2：They set the little bird free after taking a photo. 【优选模拟】The kind hunter decided to set the small bird ______ and let it fly away. A. free B. freely C. freeing D. frees 答案：A 解析：set ... free 为固定短语，意为「释放」，用形容词 free 作宾补。故选 A。 9. instead of 的用法 【用法介绍】instead of 意为「代替；而不是」，后接名词、代词或动词-ing 形式，放在句中或句首。 例句 1：He cooked the fish instead of selling it. 例句 2：Instead of laughing, they helped the duckling. 【优选模拟】______ selling the golden fish, the poor man set it free back into the sea. A. Instead B. Instead of C. Instead for D. Instead with 答案：B 解析：instead of 后接动词-ing 形式 selling，意为「而不是卖掉」。故选 B。 10. succeed in doing sth. 与 in the end 【用法介绍】succeed in doing sth. 意为「成功做成某事」；in the end 意为「最后；终究」，相当于 finally。 例句 1：He succeeded in catching the big fish at last. 例句 2：In the end, the ugly duckling became a beautiful swan. 【优选模拟】The duckling ______ in becoming a real white swan and lived happily. A. succeed B. succeeds C. succeeded D. succeeding 答案：C 解析：由 lived 可知用一般过去时，succeed 的过去式为 succeeded。故选 C。 Part 4 重点句型与交际用语 1. Once upon a time, there was a wise old man in the village. 【用法介绍】Once upon a time 是讲故事的固定开头，后接 there be 句型，谓语动词用一般过去时。 例句 1：Once upon a time, there lived a poor fisherman by the sea. 例句 2：Once upon a time, an ugly duckling was born on a farm. 【优选模拟】Once upon a time, there ______ a small duckling on the farm. A. is B. are C. was D. were 答案：C 解析：讲故事用一般过去时，a small duckling 为单数，用 was。故选 C。 2. The hunter decided to set the bird free. 【用法介绍】decide to do sth. 意为「决定做某事」，decide 后必须接动词不定式。 例句 1：The king decided to build a new house for the poor. 例句 2：She decided to tell the truth at last. 【优选模拟】The fisherman decided ______ the golden fish back into the sea. A. set B. to set C. setting D. sets 答案：B 解析：decide to do sth. 后接不定式，用 to set。故选 B。 3. Don't laugh at others when they make small mistakes. 【用法介绍】laugh at 意为「嘲笑」，宾语可为人或物；其反义为 smile at（对……微笑）。 例句 1：The birds laughed at the ugly duckling. 例句 2：We should not laugh at people in trouble. 【优选模拟】The other swans ______ the little duckling because he was grey and small. A. laugh at B. laugh C. laughing D. laughed at 答案：D 解析：laugh at 意为「嘲笑」，由 was 可知用一般过去时 laughed at。故选 D。 4. To my surprise, the ugly duckling became a swan. 【用法介绍】to one's surprise 意为「出乎某人的意料」，one's 随人称变化（my / his / her）。 例句 1：To his surprise, the small fish turned into a genie. 例句 2：To our surprise, the story was true. 【优选模拟】______, the small fish turned into a beautiful golden swan. A. To my surprise B. To me surprise C. To I surprise D. Surprising 答案：A 解析：to one's surprise 中 one's 用 my，即 To my surprise。故选 A。 5. In the end, the fisherman got out of the net and went home. 【用法介绍】in the end 意为「最后；终究」，相当于 finally；get out of 意为「从……中逃脱」。 例句 1：In the end, the duckling became a beautiful swan. 例句 2：He got out of the net and swam away quickly. 【优选模拟】______, the poor man succeeded in setting the fish free and went home. A. In the end B. At first C. At the start D. To his surprise 答案：A 解析：in the end 意为「最后；终究」，符合故事结局。故选 A。 Part 5 语法聚焦：一般过去时（讲故事）& 动词不定式 一、there be 句型的一般过去时 there is / are 的过去式为 there was / were；名词单数用 was，复数用 were；讲故事时常用 Once upon a time, there was / were ... 开头。 【真题典例】Once upon a time, there ______ a poor fisherman living by the sea with his family. A. is B. are C. was D. were 答案：C 解析：讲故事用一般过去时，a fisherman 为单数，there be 用 was。故选 C。 二、动词不定式（to do） want / decide / hope / promise / agree 等动词后接动词不定式 to do sth.；tell / ask / teach sb. to do sth. 表示「叫 / 要求 / 教某人做某事」。 【真题典例】The king decided ______ a new house for the poor people in the village. A. build B. to build C. building D. built 答案：B 解析：decide to do sth. 后接不定式 to build。故选 B。 三、make + 宾语 + 形容词 make + 宾语 + 形容词 表示「使某人 / 某物处于某种状态」，形容词作宾补；类似结构还有 keep / leave + 宾语 + 形容词。 【优选模拟】The happy story ______ the children excited and they all smiled. A. make B. makes C. made D. making 答案：C 解析：由 smiled 可知用一般过去时，make 的过去式为 made。故选 C。 Part 6 中考题型演练 一、单项选择（15 小题） 1. Once upon a time, there ______ a poor fisherman living by the sea with his family. A. is B. are C. was D. were 答案：C 解析：讲故事用一般过去时，a fisherman 单数，there be 用 was。故选 C。 2. The ugly duckling ______ into a beautiful swan at the end of the story. A. become B. becomes C. became D. becoming 答案：C 解析：由 at the end of the story 可知用一般过去时，become 过去式 became。故选 C。 3. The king decided ______ a new house for the poor people in the village. A. build B. to build C. building D. built 答案：B 解析：decide to do sth. 后接不定式 to build。故选 B。 4. The neighbours ______ the little boy because he wore old and ugly clothes. A. laughed at B. laughed C. laugh at D. laughing at 答案：A 解析：laugh at 意为「嘲笑」，由 wore 可知用 laughed at。故选 A。 5. ______, the small fish turned into a big golden fish and swam quickly away. A. To his surprise B. To he surprise C. To him surprise D. To surprising 答案：A 解析：to one's surprise 中 one's 用 his，即 To his surprise。故选 A。 6. The old man decided ______ the little bird and let it fly away. A. set B. to set C. setting D. sets 答案：B 解析：decide to do sth. 后接不定式 to set（释放）。故选 B。 7. The ugly duckling was ______ by the other swans because of his grey colour. A. laugh at B. laughed at C. laugh D. to laugh 答案：B 解析：由 was 可知用一般过去时的被动，laugh at 的过去分词为 laughed at。故选 B。 8. The genie ______ to help the poor fisherman and then went away. A. promise B. promises C. promised D. promising 答案：C 解析：由 went 可知用一般过去时，promise 过去式 promised。故选 C。 9. ______, the small fish turned into a beautiful golden swan in the story. A. To my surprise B. To me surprise C. To I surprise D. Surprising 答案：A 解析：to one's surprise 中 one's 用 my，即 To my surprise。故选 A。 10. The fisherman was kind, so he ______ the fish go back to the sea. A. let B. lets C. letted D. letting 答案：A 解析：let 的过去式仍是 let，由 was 可知用一般过去时。故选 A。 11. The king was ______ enough to agree with the poor people's good idea. A. wise B. wisely C. wisdom D. wiser 答案：A 解析：was 后接形容词 wise（明智的）作表语。故选 A。 12. The duckling felt afraid and ______ to go away from the lake. A. decide B. decides C. decided D. deciding 答案：C 解析：由 felt 可知用一般过去时，decide 过去式 decided。故选 C。 13. We should never ______ others when they make small mistakes. A. laugh at B. laugh C. laughing D. to laugh 答案：A 解析：laugh at 意为「嘲笑」，should 后接动词原形。故选 A。 14. The neighbours ______ the little boy because he told the truth at last. A. praise B. praised C. praising D. to praise 答案：B 解析：由 told 可知用一般过去时，praise 过去式 praised。故选 B。 15. In the end, the fisherman ______ happily with his family by the sea. A. live B. lives C. lived D. living 答案：C 解析：由 In the end 与语境可知用一般过去时，live 过去式 lived。故选 C。 二、词汇运用（10 小题） （A）用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Once upon a time, a fisherman _____________(fish) by the sea and caught a small golden fish. 答案：fished 解析：由 caught 可知用一般过去时，fish 的过去式为 fished。 2. In the story the ugly little duckling _____________(become) a beautiful white swan at the very end. 答案：became 解析：由 in the end 和语境可知用一般过去时，become 过去式 became。 3. The kind old hunter _____________(decide) to set the small bird free instead of killing it. 答案：decided 解析：由语境可知用一般过去时，decide 的过去式为 decided。 4. All the other birds _____________(laugh) at the little boy, but later they said sorry to him. 答案：laughed 解析：由 said 可知用一般过去时，laugh 的过去式为 laughed。 5. The small but powerful genie _____________(promise) to help the poor old man and then went away. 答案：promised 解析：由 went 可知用一般过去时，promise 的过去式为 promised。 （B）根据中文提示写出单词。 6. The king asked the _____________(明智的) old man to help decide what the poor people should do. 答案：wise 解析：「明智的；高明的」对应 wise，作定语修饰 old man。 7. A small and lonely _____________(丑陋的) duckling lived with the big white swans by the quiet lake. 答案：ugly 解析：「丑陋的；难看的」对应 ugly，修饰 duckling。 8. The kind boy wanted to _____________(释放) the small fish carefully back into the warm river water. 答案：set ... free 解析：「释放」对应 set ... free，want to 后接动词原形。 9. To my great _____________(出乎意料), the ugly little duckling finally became a beautiful white swan. 答案：surprise 解析：「出乎某人的意料」对应 to one's surprise，此处填 surprise。 10. _____________(而不是) selling the big fish, the poor old man set it free back into the blue sea. 答案：Instead of 解析：「而不是」对应 instead of，后接动词-ing 形式。 三、关联阅读理解 Once upon a time, there was a poor fisherman living by the sea with his small family. One early morning he went fishing and caught a small golden fish in his net. The little fish looked at him with sad eyes and said, "Please set me free and I will help you some day." The fisherman was a kind man, so he let the small fish swim away back into the blue sea. He smiled and went home to his wife and children. To his surprise, the small fish became a powerful genie. The genie promised to make the poor man rich and happy for ever. But the fisherman only wanted a small new house for his family by the sea. The genie smiled and agreed with him at once. They became good friends in the end, and the fisherman never forgot the kind genie's help every day. Long ago in another quiet village, an ugly duckling lived with some big white swans. The other birds laughed at him because he was small and grey. The poor duckling felt afraid and decided to go away from the lake. He searched for a safe place to hide by the water. At first nobody was kind to him, but he did not hate the other birds and walked alone through the cold night. At first nobody believed the little duckling. In the end, he became a beautiful white swan. The neighbours praised him and the wise king agreed with the truth at last. The story tells us: never hate others, and everyone can succeed in being real and happy. To our surprise, the small duckling found his own place in the world and lived happily by the lake with his new friends. 1. What did the fisherman catch in his net? A. A golden fish. B. A small swan. C. A big genie. D. A red hen. 2. What did the genie promise to do? A. To catch more fish. B. To make the man rich. C. To build a ship. D. To laugh at others. 3. Why did the other birds laugh at the duckling? A. He was small and grey. B. He was very rich. C. He was a king. D. He was wise. 4. What did the duckling become in the end? A. A grey duck. B. A white swan. C. A golden fish. D. A powerful genie. 5. What is the best title for the passage? A. How to Catch a Fish B. The Wise King C. Being Real and Happy D. A Poor Fisherman 答案：1-5 AABBC 解析：1. 根据第一段 “he caught a small golden fish in his net” 可知，渔夫网到了一条小金鱼。 解析：2. 根据第二段 “The genie promised to make the poor man rich and happy” 可知，妖怪承诺让渔夫变富裕。 解析：3. 根据第三段 “laughed at him because he was small and grey” 可知，其他鸟嘲笑丑小鸭是因为它又小又灰。 解析：4. 根据第四段 “he became a beautiful white swan” 可知，丑小鸭最后变成了一只白天鹅。 解析：5. 故事告诉我们做真实的自己就能幸福，故最佳标题为 Being Real and Happy。 四、语法填空（优选模拟） Once upon a time, a monkey and an elephant lived in a faraway forest. They were good friends and did anything together. One day, they had 1 big problem. The monkey said being fast was the key to success. But the elephant 2 (think) strength (力气) was more important. So the wise owl (猫头鹰) pointed to a fruit on a tall tree across the river. “Bring 3 to me. I’ll help you.” he said. Soon they started off. The monkey stopped at the deep river. The elephant walked into the water and 4 (one) arrived at the tree. But the fruit was so high for him that he wasn’t 5 high spirits. The elephant went back sadly. Then he asked the monkey 6 (jump) on his back. Together, they crossed the river. The monkey climbed the tree and 7 (pick) the fruit. “Which one of you brought the fruit 8 (final)?” asked the owl. Both of them said nothing. The owl smiled, “Either of you has your own strength. But you could not get the fruit alone. You succeeded 9 you helped each other.” They understood that teamwork is 10 (power). They learned that working together makes everyone stronger. 【答案】 1. a 2. thought 3. it 4. first 5. in 6. to jump 7. picked 8. finally 9. because 10. powerful 【导语】本文讲述了猴子和大象的故事，强调了团队合作的重要性，表明各自虽有优势，但只有相互帮助才能成功，团队合作能让每个人更强大。 【详解】1. 句意：有一天，它们遇到了一个大问题。problem为可数名词单数，big是辅音音素开头，表泛指需用不定冠词a。 2. 句意：猴子认为行动迅速是成功的关键，可大象却觉得力气更为重要。前文“One day, they had...”表明是过去时态，动词think变过去式thought。 3. 句意：把它带给我。前文“pointed to a fruit”，此处指代这个水果，单数事物代词用it作bring宾语。 4. 句意：大象走入水中，最先到达了果树旁。结合语境“大象走进水里，____到达树那里”可知，需填副词表示先后顺序，括号词one，修饰动词arrived，基数词one变为序数词first。 5. 句意：可果子长得太高，它够不着，因此心情十分低落。“in high spirits”为固定短语，意为“情绪高涨”。 6. 句意：随后它让猴子跳到自己背上。“ask sb. to do sth.”，意为“要求某人做某事”，动词不定式to jump作宾语补足语。 7. 句意：猴子爬上树并摘下了果子。and连接并列谓语，climbed为过去式，pick与climbed形式一致，用过去式picked。 8. 句意：最终，是谁把果子带过来的？句子“Which of you brought the fruit...”结构完整，此处需副词作状语，final变副词finally“最终”。 9. 句意：你们之所以能成功，是因为互相帮助。“You succeeded”和“you helped each other”存在因果关系，用连词because引导原因状语从句。 10. 句意：它们明白了团队合作是很有力量的。“is”为系动词，后接形容词作表语，名词power变形容词powerful“有力量的”。 2 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $