2026年中考英语语法 讲解(介词)(专项训练)
2026-08-10
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7页
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摘要:
**基本信息**
以“概念-分类-搭配-辨析-易错”为逻辑主线,系统构建介词用法体系,通过规则提炼与分层训练提升语言应用能力。
**专项设计**
|模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑|
|----|-----------|----------|----------|
|概念规则|1核心规则+1例句|介词后接名词/宾格/动名词|从基本属性切入,奠定语法基础|
|分类精讲|4类12条规则+15例|时间/地点/方式介词三分法|按功能维度分类,建立用法框架|
|固定搭配|3类12组短语|动/形/名+介词固定组合法|聚焦中考高频搭配,强化应用记忆|
|易混辨析|3组对比+6例|位置/范围/包含关系分析法|通过反义对比深化思维辨析能力|
|易错点|3条核心+2例|介词后宾格/doing规则|针对语法填空痛点,构建避错策略|
|同步练习|4题型20题|分层训练(基础-应用-纠错)|从单一到综合,实现知识迁移应用|
内容正文:
初中语法专项:介词
介词不能单独作句子成分,后面接名词、代词宾格、动名词doing。
一、介词概念
介词用来说明时间、地点、方式、对象、所属关系。
⚠️重要规则:介词后面若接动词,动词要用 ‑ing 形式。
例:Thank you for helping me.
二、分类精讲
(一)时间介词 in / on / at(中考必背)
1. at + 时刻、节日、年龄
at 7:00;at noon;at night;at the age of 16
2. on + 具体某一天、星期、具体早中晚
on Monday;on June 1st;on a cold morning
3. in + 年、月、季节、泛指早中晚、一段时间之后
in 2025;in May;in summer;in the morning;in three days(三天后)
易错:有修饰词的早/中/晚用 on:on a rainy evening
(二)地点介词 in / on / at
1. at:小地点、点位置
at home;at the bus stop
2. in:大地点、内部
in China;in the room
3. on:物体表面
on the desk;on the wall
(三)方式介词 by / with / in
1. by + 交通工具(无冠词);通过某种方式
by bus;by doing sth
2. with + 工具、身体部位;“用……”
cut with a knife
3. in + 语言、材料
in English;in ink
(四)其他高频介词
• for:为了;持续一段时间
• from:从……
• to:到;向
• of:……的(所属)
• about:关于
• against:反对;靠着
• through:通过(内部穿过)
• across:横穿(表面穿过)
across(从表面跨过) vs through(从内部穿过)
walk across the road 过马路
walk through the forest 穿过森林
三、介词固定搭配(中考高频,语法填空常考)
动词+介词
• look for 寻找;look at 看;listen to 听
• wait for 等待;depend on 依靠;think about 思考
形容词+介词
• be good at 擅长;be interested in 对……感兴趣
• be afraid of 害怕;be proud of 为……自豪
• be late for 迟到
名词+介词
• the answer to ……的答案;a ticket to ……的票
• the key to ……的钥匙
四、易混介词辨析
1. across vs through
across:物体表面横穿(马路、河)
through:物体内部穿过(森林、窗户)
2. in front of vs in the front of
in front of:在物体外部前面
in the front of:在物体内部前部
3. besides vs except
besides:除了……之外,还有(包含在内)
except:除了……之外,不包含(排除在外)
五、核心易错点汇总
1. 介词后面接人称代词,必须用宾格:go with me(不是I)
2. 介词后接动词,动词变为 doing:be good at swimming
3. 固定短语介词不能随意替换,属于固定搭配,需要记忆。
同步专项练习
一、用合适介词填空(in / on / at / for / with / across / through)
1. We usually have breakfast ______ 7:30 a.m.
2. Children have a party ______ Children’s Day.
3. My birthday is ______ July.
4. He goes to school ______ foot every day.
5. She cuts the apple ______ a knife.
6. Walk ______ the bridge, and you will see the park.
7. He is good ______ playing the piano.
8. Thank you ______ your help.
二、单项选择
1. We will have a sports meeting ______ spring.
A. in B. on C. at
2. There is a big tree ______ the classroom.(教室外面的前面)
A. in the front of B. in front of C. front of
3. He goes to school ______ bike.
A. on B. by C. in
4. Besides Tom, ______ students also passed the exam.
A. other B. others C. another
5. She is interested ______ painting.
A. for B. in C. at
三、用括号内动词正确形式填空(介词后doing考点)
1. Thank you for ______ (invite) me to your party.
2. He is good at ______ (play) basketball.
3. I’m looking forward to ______ (see) you soon.
四、改错
1. He usually go to school with I. ____________
2. They arrived at Beijing yesterday. ____________
参考答案
一、介词填空
1. at 2. on 3. in 4. on 5. with 6. across 7. at 8. for
二、单项选择
1.A 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.B
三、动词形式填空
1. inviting
2. playing
3. seeing
四、改错
1. I → me
2. at → in
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