Unit 4 Then and now（复习讲义）英语新教材沪教版五四学制八年级上册

该初中英语单元复习讲义围绕“今昔对比”主题构建知识体系，整合核心词汇、语法、写作模块，通过表格呈现让步状语从句引导词对比及used to句型句式，系统梳理城乡变迁等场景词汇和时态切换等重难点，清晰展现知识内在联系。 讲义亮点在于写作“总—过去—现在—感悟”三段框架及高分句型，培养语言表达能力，语法部分用“although虽，but不”等记忆口诀强化理解，提升思维品质，练习题从单词拼写、语法填空到书面表达分层设计，助力不同学生巩固，教师可据此实施精准复习教学。

Unit 4 Then and now（复习讲义) 复习要点 1. 掌握城乡变迁、旧时代物品、生活变化三大场景核心词汇、固定搭配、交际句型； 2. 吃透两大核心：①used to /didn’t use to 表过去习惯与状态；②让步状语从句（although /though/even though）；3. 熟练运用今昔对比、描述过去生活、抒发时代感慨交际句型；4. 能完成今昔对比短文写作，采用 “总 — 过去 — 现在 — 感悟” 三段结构； 5. 感受时代发展带来的生活改善，积累变化类写作高分素材。 复习重难点 重点：1. used to 肯定、否定、疑问三种句型变换；2. although/though 引导让步从句，不能与 but 连用；3. 今昔对比高频短语、一般过去时与一般现在时切换； 难点：1. used to do（过去常做）、be used to doing（习惯于）、be used to do（被用来）三者词义区分；2. although 与 even though 语气差异；3. 写作中自然切换过去、现在两种时态，逻辑清晰。 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 知识点1. Many small villages that used to be poor have developed rapidly thanks to better traffic and government support. 许多曾经贫困的小村庄，得益于完善的交通与政策扶持，发展十分迅速。 【详解】 (1) used to be 过去曾经是（现在不再） 【例句】This river used to be clean. 这条河以前很干净。 (2) thanks to 多亏，由于，后接名词 / 代词，表原因 【例句】Thanks to your help, I finished the task. 多亏你的帮助，我完成了任务。 (3) developed rapidly 快速发展；government support 政府扶持 【拓展】 thanks to /because of 同义，均接名词；because 后接完整句子 知识点2. Older villagers are still not used to the fast pace of village tourism, which is totally different from slow life in their childhood. 老一辈村民仍不习惯乡村旅游的快节奏，这和他们儿时悠闲的生活截然不同。 【详解】 (1) be used to sth. 习惯某物，to 是介词 【例句】I am used to quiet life. 我习惯安静的生活。 (2) be different from 与…… 不同；totally 副词，完全地 【例句】My hobby is different from yours. 我的爱好和你的不一样。 (3) which 非限定定语从句，指代前文整句话 【拓展】 different 名词形式：difference 差异 知识点3. When local people were young, they had to walk for hours if they wanted to visit relatives living in other villages. 当地人年轻时，如果想去别的村子走亲戚，得步行好几个小时。 【详解】 (1) had to 不得不，过去客观需要；must 表主观必须，无过去式 【例句】I had to get up early yesterday. 昨天我不得不早起。 (2) living in other villages 现在分词后置修饰 relatives (3) visit relatives 走亲戚，拜访亲人 【拓展】 must /have to 区别：must 主观；have to 客观，有时态变化 知识点4. It is hard for young people today to imagine how little income villagers had before tourism developed in 2016. 现在的年轻人很难想象，2016 年旅游业发展之前村民的收入有多微薄。 【详解】 (1) It is + adj. + for sb. to do it 形式主语 【例句】It is easy for me to swim. 游泳对我来说很简单。 (2) how 引导宾语从句，语序为陈述语序 【例句】I don’t know how old he is. 我不知道他多大。 (3) income 名词，收入，不可数 【拓展】 宾语从句规则：主句过去时，从句对应过去时态 知识点5. The roads that were narrow and muddy in the past have been turned into wide clean streets with green trees on both sides. 从前狭窄泥泞的小路，如今都变成了两侧绿树成荫、宽阔整洁的街道。 【详解】 (1) 现在完成时被动 have been turned into 已经被改造成 【例句】The old house has been turned into a library. 老房子已经改成图书馆。 (2) narrow and muddy 狭窄泥泞的；on both sides 在两边 【例句】Trees stand on both sides of the road. 道路两边种着树。 (3) turn into 变成 【拓展】 现在完成时被动结构：have/has been + 过去分词 知识点6. Villagers used to depend on fishing for a living, while now they can make money from hotels and local handcrafts. 过去村民靠捕鱼为生，而现在他们能经营民宿、售卖手工艺品赚钱。 【详解】 (1) depend on 依靠，凭借；for a living 谋生 【例句】Many people depend on farming for a living. 很多人靠务农为生。 (2) while 表对比转折，然而 (3) make money 赚钱；local handcrafts 当地手工艺品 【拓展】 living 搭配：make a living 谋生 知识点7. We can clearly see the great changes that have taken place in Bacha Village if we compare old photos with recent ones. 如果对比老照片和近期照片，我们能清晰看到巴查村发生的巨变。 【详解】 (1) take place 发生，无被动语态 【例句】Great changes have taken place in our city. 我们城市发生了巨大变化。 (2) compare A with B 把 A 和 B 作对比 【例句】Don’t compare yourself with others. 不要拿自己和别人比较。 (3) recent ones 近期照片，ones 代指复数名词 photos 【拓展】 happen /take place 辨析：happen 偶然发生；take place 有计划发生 知识点8. Young people who grew up in small old houses now return to build comfortable flats for their families. 那些在狭小老屋长大的年轻人，如今返乡为家人建造舒适的公寓。 【详解】 (1) grow up 长大，成长；过去式 grew up 【例句】I grew up in a small town. 我在小镇长大。 (2) build flats 建造公寓；comfortable 舒适的 (3) for their families 为家人，表目的 【拓展】 grow 短语：grow up 长大；grow into 长成 知识点9. Thanks to new medical stations in the village, many serious illnesses that could not be cured years ago can now be treated easily. 得益于村里新建的医疗站，多年前无法治愈的多种重病如今都能轻松医治。 【详解】 (1) could not be cured 情态动词被动语态，不能被治愈 【例句】This problem could not be solved before. 这个问题以前无法解决。 (2) cure /treat 辨析：cure 治愈疾病；treat 治疗（过程） (3) serious illnesses 重病 【拓展】 情态动词被动：can/could/may/must + be + 过去分词 知识点10. As village tourism develops quickly, local villagers’ yearly income has greatly increased over the past ten years. 随着乡村旅游业快速发展，当地村民的年收入在过去十年大幅上涨。 【详解】 (1) as 引导伴随状语从句，随着 (2) yearly income 年收入；increase 动词，增长 (3) over the past ten years 在过去十年，是现在完成时标志 【例句】We have learned English over the past six years. 过去六年我们一直在学英语。 【拓展】 现在完成时时间标志：over/in/during the past + 时间段 单元语法 1. 让步状语从句（核心语法句型） 本单元的核心语法是让步状语从句，用于表达“虽然……但是……”的逻辑关系。高频考点集中于 although 和 though 的用法辨析，来源为语法练习题和考点精讲。 1. 常见引导词及用法 引导词 含义 用法说明 例句 although / though 虽然；尽管 最常用，引导真实让步，不能与but连用；though可放句末 Although he is young, he knows a lot.（尽管他年轻，但他知道很多。） even though / even if 即使；纵然 语气更强，表假设或极端情况 Even if it rains, we will go hiking.（即使下雨，我们也要去徒步。） while 虽然（强调对比） 引导的从句多放句首，主从句主语可不同 While she is good at English, she is weak in math.（虽然她英语好，但数学弱。） no matter + 疑问词 无论…… 与疑问词连用，如 no matter what/where/when No matter where you go, I will follow you. 2. 本单元典型例题 以下为让步状语从句的典型考查方式： ① 选择正确连词： ______ he was very tired, he still finished his work. A. Although　B. Because　C. If　D. When　→ A ② 易错句式： ______ he is young, he knows a lot about history. A. Despite　B. Though　C. Because　D. If　→ B ③ 句子转换（同义句）： The present doesn’t cost much, but it’s of great importance to me. → ______ the present is not expensive, it means a lot to me.　→ Although / Though 3. 满分记忆口诀 “although虽，but不；二者不可同句出； though可放句末处，even if表假设； no matter加疑问词，无论怎样都记住。” 【比较】 让步状语从句表示“虽然……但是……”，用 although, though, even though, even if 等引导。 句型 示例 说明 Although + 从句，主句 Although he was very tired, he still finished his work.（尽管他很累，他还是完成了工作。） 最常用引导词，不能与but连用 Though + 从句，主句 Though it rained heavily, they still went to the concert.（尽管下着大雨，他们还是去了音乐会。） = although，可放句末 Even though + 从句，主句 Even though it was late, she didn’t stop working.（即使很晚了，她也没有停止工作。） 语气比although更强 Even if + 从句，主句 Even if it rains, we will go hiking.（即使下雨，我们也要去徒步。） 表假设或极端情况 ⚠️ 易错点：although/though 不能和 but 同时使用，这一点在中考中频繁考查。 ❌ Although he was tired, but he still worked. ✅ Although he was tired, he still worked. 2. used to do句型（描述过去习惯） used to + 动词原形表示“过去常常做某事”或“过去存在的状态”，而现在不再如此。 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + used to + 动词原形 People used to travel by horse in the past.（过去人们常常骑马出行。） 否定句 主语 + didn’t use to + 动词原形 People didn’t use to have smartphones.（过去人们没有智能手机。） 疑问句 Did + 主语 + use to + 动词原形？ Did you use to listen to music on tapes?（你过去常在磁带上听音乐吗？） 本单元典型例句： Transport used to be very slow and difficult in the past.（过去，交通常常非常缓慢且困难。） People used to watch the news on TV in the past.（过去人们常常在电视上看新闻。） 单元写作专题 写作主题 Changes in Our Life（生活中的变化） 三段式标准写作框架 1. 开头：总起，总述生活发生巨大变化 2. 中间：分两点对比过去、现在（交通 / 通讯 / 住房任选两个角度，用 used to） 3. 结尾：抒发感慨，赞美时代发展 高分万能句型 1. Great changes have taken place in our life. 2. In the past, people used to… But now… 3. Although life was simple before, it’s much better today. 4. It’s amazing how fast our society develops. 5. We should cherish the comfortable life now. 满分范文 Changes in Our Life Great changes have taken place in our daily life these years. In the past, people used to walk or ride bikes to go out and write letters to keep in touch. But now we take high-speed trains and chat on smartphones easily. Although houses were small before, we live in bright wide flats today. I’m really glad to see these improvements. I hope our life will become better and better in the future. 满分 100 分 时间 30 分钟 一、单词拼写（每空 2 分，共 20 分） 根据中文提示写出单词，注意词形变化 1. People ________ (很少) took planes fifty years ago. 2. This old recorder ________ (属于) my grandfather. 3. We made great ________ (进步) in city transport. 4. The fast ________ (发展) of towns changes people’s life. 5. Old workers faced strict ________ (惩罚) for small mistakes. 6. In old days, living ________ (条件) were quite poor. 7. I ________ (借入) a tape from my classmate yesterday. 8. The factory’s pollution ________ (导致) many problems years ago. 9. It is ________ (令人惊讶的) to see such big changes. 10. The road is much ________ (宽阔的) than it was before. 答案解析 1. seldom 解析：半否定副词，放实义动词前，单元高频频度词。 2. belongs 解析：belong to 属于，主语 recorder 单数，谓语三单。 3. progress 解析：make progress 固定搭配，progress 不可数名词无复数。 4. development 解析：develop 动词变名词 the development of…… 的发展。 5. punishment 解析：punish 动词→punishment 名词，strict punishments 严厉处罚。 6. conditions 解析：living conditions 生活条件，固定复数形式。 7. borrowed 解析：yesterday 过去时，borrow sth from 借入。 8. resulted 解析：result in 导致，过去式 resulted。 9. amazing 解析：修饰事物 it 用 - ing 形容词，表令人惊叹的。 10. wider 解析：than 比较级，wide 变 wide。 二、语法单句填空（每空 2 分，共 20 分） 用括号内词正确形式或填入合适连词 / 短语 1. He ________ (not use) to watch videos when he was young. 2. ________ (although) the house was tiny, they lived happily. 3. People ________ (use) to travel by sea long long ago. 4. Did your grandma use ________ (keep) old cassette tapes? 5. This old truck ________ (use) to carry goods in the 1990s. 6. We are used ________ (take) the underground to school now. 7. Nobody ________ (make) big progress without hard work. 8. Even ________ it was cold, they still walked to the town. 9. The accident ________ (result) in heavy traffic last month. 10. This old photo ________ (belong) to my great-grandma. 答案解析 1. didn’t use 解析：used to 否定形式 didn’t use to do。 2. Although 解析：让步状语从句放句首首字母大写，不与 but 连用。 3. used 解析：in the past 过去时，used to do 过去常常。 4. to keep 解析：固定搭配 use to do，疑问句还原 to。 5. was used 解析：be used to do 被动语态，表 “被用来运货”。 6. to taking 解析：be used to doing 习惯于，to 为介词后动名词。 7. makes 解析：nobody 不定代词作主语，谓语三单。 8. though 解析：even though 即使，固定让步搭配。 9. resulted 解析：last month 过去时，result in 导致。 10. belongs 解析：belong to 无被动，photo 单数用三单。 三、短文语法填空（每空 2 分，共 20 分） Great changes ______(1)(take) place in our town over the past ten years. In the past, people ______(2)(use) to walk everywhere ______(3) there were few buses. The roads were narrow and ______(4)(comfort) to walk on. Now with the ______(5)(develop) of transport, wide highways appear. We can take trains or planes easily. Although people ______(6)(have) little money years ago, they can afford smartphones now. I once ______(7)(borrow) old tapes from my uncle, but now I watch videos online. Every change ______(8)(show) the fast progress of our society. All good changes ______(9)(result) from people’s hard work, and every new thing ______(10)(belong) to our bright future. 【答案】1.have taken 2.used 3.because 4.uncomfortable 5.development 6.had 7.borrowed 8.shows 9.result 10.belongs 简要解析 1.over the years 现在完成时；2.used to 过去习惯；4. 道路不舒适用反义词 uncomfortable；5. 名词发展；7.once 过去式；8.everything 谓语三单。 四、完成句子（每空 1 分，共 30 分；每题 3 空） 根据中文意思完成句子，每空限填一词 1. 过去这里没有宽阔的马路。 People ______ ______ ______ wide roads here before. 2. 尽管以前生活简单，但我们依然很快乐。 ______ life was simple before, we ______ very happy. 3. 这条旧自行车是我外婆的。 This old bike ______ ______ my grandma. 4. 我们从图书馆借了许多老式磁带。 We ______ many old tapes ______ the library. 5. 工业发展带来了巨大进步。 The ______ of industry ______ great ______. 6. 小失误会导致严厉的惩罚。 Small mistakes ______ ______ strict ______. 7. 我现在习惯乘坐地铁上学。 I ______ ______ ______ the underground to school now. 8. 多年前人们很少线上聊天。 People ______ ______ chat online many years ______. 9. 过去这里的生活条件很差。 Living ______ here ______ poor in the past. 10. 令人惊叹的是家乡变化如此之大。 ______ ______ how much our hometown ______. 参考答案 1. didn’t use to 解析：used to 否定式，过去没有宽阔道路。 2. Although; were 解析：although 引导让步，主语 life 过去用 were。 3. belongs to 解析：belong to 属于，单数名词谓语三单。 4. borrowed; from 解析：borrow sth from 从…… 借入，过去式。 5. development; brings; progress 解析：the development of；make/bring progress 取得进步。 6. result in; punishment 解析：result in 导致，punishment 处罚。 7. am used to taking 解析：be used to doing 习惯于。 8. seldom used; ago 解析：seldom 放 used to 前，many years ago 多年前。 9. conditions; were 解析：living conditions 生活条件，复数过去式 were。 10. It’s amazing; changes 解析：It’s amazing that/how 固定句型。 五、书面表达（10 分） 题目 Changes in Our Life 要求：写生活的变化；包含三点：①过去人们出行、通讯方式；②如今的便利生活；③你的感受；60 词左右，三段式书写。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Changes in Our Life Great changes have taken place in our daily life these years. In the past, people used to walk and write letters. But now we take fast trains and chat on phones easily. Although houses were small before, we live in bright flats at present. I feel very happy about these changes. We should value our comfortable life and look forward to a better future. （全文 64 词） 【详细解析】 [第一步：审题立意] 体裁：今昔对比说明文（总述 — 过去 vs 现在 — 个人感悟） 词数要求：60 词左右， 必须包含三大要点 ①过去出行、通讯的老式方式；②现在便捷的现代生活；③对时代变化的感慨珍惜 时态规划 描述过去：used to + 一般过去时 描述现在：一般现在时 抒发感想：一般现在时 写作基调：简洁平实，全部使用 Unit4 课内词汇、核心语法，无超纲表达 [第二步：构思布局（三段式短结构） 段落 功能 写作内容规划 第 1 段（1 句） 开篇点题 总起句，点明这些年生活发生巨大变化 第 2 段（2 句） 主体核心 用 used to 对比过去步行、写信；现在高铁、手机；嵌入 although 让步从句（单元核心语法） 第 3 段（1 句） 结尾升华 抒发开心感受，呼吁珍惜当下美好生活 [第三步：要点展开（逐点对应原文） 要点 1：总述生活巨变 原句：Great changes have taken place in our daily life these years. 用词解析：take place 发生，单元变化主题高频短语，总起开篇万能句。 要点 2：今昔对比（交通 + 住房，嵌入单元语法） 原句：In the past, people used to walk and write letters. But now we take fast trains and chat on phones easily. Although houses were small before, we live in bright flats at present. 语法亮点：①used to do 描述过去习惯，单元重中之重；②although 引导让步状语从句，严格遵守不与 but 连用规则。 用词：at present 如今，替换 now 丰富表达。 要点 3：抒发感悟与呼吁 原句：I feel very happy about these changes. We should value our comfortable life and look forward to a better future. 亮点句型：should 表建议；look forward to 期盼，升华主题，贴合单元时代发展话题。 加分词句积累（Unit4 课内词汇、短语、语法） 必备单词：seldom adv. 很少；develop v. 发展；development n. 发展；comfortable adj. 舒适 高频短语：used to do 过去常常；belong to 属于；result in 导致；make progress 取得进步；at present 如今 核心语法：used to 句型；although 让步状语从句 万能开篇句：Great changes have taken place in our life. 万能结尾句：We should cherish the wonderful life today. 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Then and now（复习讲义) 复习要点 1. 掌握城乡变迁、旧时代物品、生活变化三大场景核心词汇、固定搭配、交际句型； 2. 吃透两大核心：①used to /didn’t use to 表过去习惯与状态；②让步状语从句（although /though/even though）；3. 熟练运用今昔对比、描述过去生活、抒发时代感慨交际句型；4. 能完成今昔对比短文写作，采用 “总 — 过去 — 现在 — 感悟” 三段结构； 5. 感受时代发展带来的生活改善，积累变化类写作高分素材。 复习重难点 重点：1. used to 肯定、否定、疑问三种句型变换；2. although/though 引导让步从句，不能与 but 连用；3. 今昔对比高频短语、一般过去时与一般现在时切换； 难点：1. used to do（过去常做）、be used to doing（习惯于）、be used to do（被用来）三者词义区分；2. although 与 even though 语气差异；3. 写作中自然切换过去、现在两种时态，逻辑清晰。 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 知识点1. Many small villages that used to be poor have developed rapidly thanks to better traffic and government support. 许多曾经贫困的小村庄，得益于完善的交通与政策扶持，发展十分迅速。 【详解】 (1) used to be 过去曾经是（现在不再） 【例句】This river used to be clean. 这条河以前很干净。 (2) thanks to 多亏，由于，后接名词 / 代词，表原因 【例句】Thanks to your help, I finished the task. 多亏你的帮助，我完成了任务。 (3) developed rapidly 快速发展；government support 政府扶持 【拓展】 thanks to /because of 同义，均接名词；because 后接完整句子 知识点2. Older villagers are still not used to the fast pace of village tourism, which is totally different from slow life in their childhood. 老一辈村民仍不习惯乡村旅游的快节奏，这和他们儿时悠闲的生活截然不同。 【详解】 (1) be used to sth. 习惯某物，to 是介词 【例句】I am used to quiet life. 我习惯安静的生活。 (2) be different from 与…… 不同；totally 副词，完全地 【例句】My hobby is different from yours. 我的爱好和你的不一样。 (3) which 非限定定语从句，指代前文整句话 【拓展】 different 名词形式：difference 差异 知识点3. When local people were young, they had to walk for hours if they wanted to visit relatives living in other villages. 当地人年轻时，如果想去别的村子走亲戚，得步行好几个小时。 【详解】 (1) had to 不得不，过去客观需要；must 表主观必须，无过去式 【例句】I had to get up early yesterday. 昨天我不得不早起。 (2) living in other villages 现在分词后置修饰 relatives (3) visit relatives 走亲戚，拜访亲人 【拓展】 must /have to 区别：must 主观；have to 客观，有时态变化 知识点4. It is hard for young people today to imagine how little income villagers had before tourism developed in 2016. 现在的年轻人很难想象，2016 年旅游业发展之前村民的收入有多微薄。 【详解】 (1) It is + adj. + for sb. to do it 形式主语 【例句】It is easy for me to swim. 游泳对我来说很简单。 (2) how 引导宾语从句，语序为陈述语序 【例句】I don’t know how old he is. 我不知道他多大。 (3) income 名词，收入，不可数 【拓展】 宾语从句规则：主句过去时，从句对应过去时态 知识点5. The roads that were narrow and muddy in the past have been turned into wide clean streets with green trees on both sides. 从前狭窄泥泞的小路，如今都变成了两侧绿树成荫、宽阔整洁的街道。 【详解】 (1) 现在完成时被动 have been turned into 已经被改造成 【例句】The old house has been turned into a library. 老房子已经改成图书馆。 (2) narrow and muddy 狭窄泥泞的；on both sides 在两边 【例句】Trees stand on both sides of the road. 道路两边种着树。 (3) turn into 变成 【拓展】 现在完成时被动结构：have/has been + 过去分词 知识点6. Villagers used to depend on fishing for a living, while now they can make money from hotels and local handcrafts. 过去村民靠捕鱼为生，而现在他们能经营民宿、售卖手工艺品赚钱。 【详解】 (1) depend on 依靠，凭借；for a living 谋生 【例句】Many people depend on farming for a living. 很多人靠务农为生。 (2) while 表对比转折，然而 (3) make money 赚钱；local handcrafts 当地手工艺品 【拓展】 living 搭配：make a living 谋生 知识点7. We can clearly see the great changes that have taken place in Bacha Village if we compare old photos with recent ones. 如果对比老照片和近期照片，我们能清晰看到巴查村发生的巨变。 【详解】 (1) take place 发生，无被动语态 【例句】Great changes have taken place in our city. 我们城市发生了巨大变化。 (2) compare A with B 把 A 和 B 作对比 【例句】Don’t compare yourself with others. 不要拿自己和别人比较。 (3) recent ones 近期照片，ones 代指复数名词 photos 【拓展】 happen /take place 辨析：happen 偶然发生；take place 有计划发生 知识点8. Young people who grew up in small old houses now return to build comfortable flats for their families. 那些在狭小老屋长大的年轻人，如今返乡为家人建造舒适的公寓。 【详解】 (1) grow up 长大，成长；过去式 grew up 【例句】I grew up in a small town. 我在小镇长大。 (2) build flats 建造公寓；comfortable 舒适的 (3) for their families 为家人，表目的 【拓展】 grow 短语：grow up 长大；grow into 长成 知识点9. Thanks to new medical stations in the village, many serious illnesses that could not be cured years ago can now be treated easily. 得益于村里新建的医疗站，多年前无法治愈的多种重病如今都能轻松医治。 【详解】 (1) could not be cured 情态动词被动语态，不能被治愈 【例句】This problem could not be solved before. 这个问题以前无法解决。 (2) cure /treat 辨析：cure 治愈疾病；treat 治疗（过程） (3) serious illnesses 重病 【拓展】 情态动词被动：can/could/may/must + be + 过去分词 知识点10. As village tourism develops quickly, local villagers’ yearly income has greatly increased over the past ten years. 随着乡村旅游业快速发展，当地村民的年收入在过去十年大幅上涨。 【详解】 (1) as 引导伴随状语从句，随着 (2) yearly income 年收入；increase 动词，增长 (3) over the past ten years 在过去十年，是现在完成时标志 【例句】We have learned English over the past six years. 过去六年我们一直在学英语。 【拓展】 现在完成时时间标志：over/in/during the past + 时间段 单元语法 1. 让步状语从句（核心语法句型） 本单元的核心语法是让步状语从句，用于表达“虽然……但是……”的逻辑关系。高频考点集中于 although 和 though 的用法辨析，来源为语法练习题和考点精讲。 1. 常见引导词及用法 引导词 含义 用法说明 例句 although / though 虽然；尽管 最常用，引导真实让步，不能与but连用；though可放句末 Although he is young, he knows a lot.（尽管他年轻，但他知道很多。） even though / even if 即使；纵然 语气更强，表假设或极端情况 Even if it rains, we will go hiking.（即使下雨，我们也要去徒步。） while 虽然（强调对比） 引导的从句多放句首，主从句主语可不同 While she is good at English, she is weak in math.（虽然她英语好，但数学弱。） no matter + 疑问词 无论…… 与疑问词连用，如 no matter what/where/when No matter where you go, I will follow you. 2. 本单元典型例题 以下为让步状语从句的典型考查方式： ① 选择正确连词： ______ he was very tired, he still finished his work. A. Although　B. Because　C. If　D. When　→ A ② 易错句式： ______ he is young, he knows a lot about history. A. Despite　B. Though　C. Because　D. If　→ B ③ 句子转换（同义句）： The present doesn’t cost much, but it’s of great importance to me. → ______ the present is not expensive, it means a lot to me.　→ Although / Though 3. 满分记忆口诀 “although虽，but不；二者不可同句出； though可放句末处，even if表假设； no matter加疑问词，无论怎样都记住。” 【比较】 让步状语从句表示“虽然……但是……”，用 although, though, even though, even if 等引导。 句型 示例 说明 Although + 从句，主句 Although he was very tired, he still finished his work.（尽管他很累，他还是完成了工作。） 最常用引导词，不能与but连用 Though + 从句，主句 Though it rained heavily, they still went to the concert.（尽管下着大雨，他们还是去了音乐会。） = although，可放句末 Even though + 从句，主句 Even though it was late, she didn’t stop working.（即使很晚了，她也没有停止工作。） 语气比although更强 Even if + 从句，主句 Even if it rains, we will go hiking.（即使下雨，我们也要去徒步。） 表假设或极端情况 ⚠️ 易错点：although/though 不能和 but 同时使用，这一点在中考中频繁考查。 ❌ Although he was tired, but he still worked. ✅ Although he was tired, he still worked. 2. used to do句型（描述过去习惯） used to + 动词原形表示“过去常常做某事”或“过去存在的状态”，而现在不再如此。 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + used to + 动词原形 People used to travel by horse in the past.（过去人们常常骑马出行。） 否定句 主语 + didn’t use to + 动词原形 People didn’t use to have smartphones.（过去人们没有智能手机。） 疑问句 Did + 主语 + use to + 动词原形？ Did you use to listen to music on tapes?（你过去常在磁带上听音乐吗？） 本单元典型例句： Transport used to be very slow and difficult in the past.（过去，交通常常非常缓慢且困难。） People used to watch the news on TV in the past.（过去人们常常在电视上看新闻。） 单元写作专题 写作主题 Changes in Our Life（生活中的变化） 三段式标准写作框架 1. 开头：总起，总述生活发生巨大变化 2. 中间：分两点对比过去、现在（交通 / 通讯 / 住房任选两个角度，用 used to） 3. 结尾：抒发感慨，赞美时代发展 高分万能句型 1. Great changes have taken place in our life. 2. In the past, people used to… But now… 3. Although life was simple before, it’s much better today. 4. It’s amazing how fast our society develops. 5. We should cherish the comfortable life now. 满分范文 Changes in Our Life Great changes have taken place in our daily life these years. In the past, people used to walk or ride bikes to go out and write letters to keep in touch. But now we take high-speed trains and chat on smartphones easily. Although houses were small before, we live in bright wide flats today. I’m really glad to see these improvements. I hope our life will become better and better in the future. 满分 100 分 时间 30 分钟 一、单词拼写（每空 2 分，共 20 分） 根据中文提示写出单词，注意词形变化 1. People ________ (很少) took planes fifty years ago. 2. This old recorder ________ (属于) my grandfather. 3. We made great ________ (进步) in city transport. 4. The fast ________ (发展) of towns changes people’s life. 5. Old workers faced strict ________ (惩罚) for small mistakes. 6. In old days, living ________ (条件) were quite poor. 7. I ________ (借入) a tape from my classmate yesterday. 8. The factory’s pollution ________ (导致) many problems years ago. 9. It is ________ (令人惊讶的) to see such big changes. 10. The road is much ________ (宽阔的) than it was before. 二、语法单句填空（每空 2 分，共 20 分） 用括号内词正确形式或填入合适连词 / 短语 1. He ________ (not use) to watch videos when he was young. 2. ________ (although) the house was tiny, they lived happily. 3. People ________ (use) to travel by sea long long ago. 4. Did your grandma use ________ (keep) old cassette tapes? 5. This old truck ________ (use) to carry goods in the 1990s. 6. We are used ________ (take) the underground to school now. 7. Nobody ________ (make) big progress without hard work. 8. Even ________ it was cold, they still walked to the town. 9. The accident ________ (result) in heavy traffic last month. 10. This old photo ________ (belong) to my great-grandma. 三、短文语法填空（每空 2 分，共 20 分） Great changes ______(1)(take) place in our town over the past ten years. In the past, people ______(2)(use) to walk everywhere ______(3) there were few buses. The roads were narrow and ______(4)(comfort) to walk on. Now with the ______(5)(develop) of transport, wide highways appear. We can take trains or planes easily. Although people ______(6)(have) little money years ago, they can afford smartphones now. I once ______(7)(borrow) old tapes from my uncle, but now I watch videos online. Every change ______(8)(show) the fast progress of our society. All good changes ______(9)(result) from people’s hard work, and every new thing ______(10)(belong) to our bright future. 四、完成句子（每空 1 分，共 30 分；每题 3 空） 根据中文意思完成句子，每空限填一词 1. 过去这里没有宽阔的马路。 People ______ ______ ______ wide roads here before. 2. 尽管以前生活简单，但我们依然很快乐。 ______ life was simple before, we ______ very happy. 3. 这条旧自行车是我外婆的。 This old bike ______ ______ my grandma. 4. 我们从图书馆借了许多老式磁带。 We ______ many old tapes ______ the library. 5. 工业发展带来了巨大进步。 The ______ of industry ______ great ______. 6. 小失误会导致严厉的惩罚。 Small mistakes ______ ______ strict ______. 7. 我现在习惯乘坐地铁上学。 I ______ ______ ______ the underground to school now. 8. 多年前人们很少线上聊天。 People ______ ______ chat online many years ______. 9. 过去这里的生活条件很差。 Living ______ here ______ poor in the past. 10. 令人惊叹的是家乡变化如此之大。 ______ ______ how much our hometown ______. 五、书面表达（10 分） 题目 Changes in Our Life 要求：写生活的变化；包含三点：①过去人们出行、通讯方式；②如今的便利生活；③你的感受；60 词左右，三段式书写。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $