内容正文:
Unit 3 Curious minds(复习讲义)
复习要点
1. 掌握好奇心、科学探索、日常观察三大场景词汇、固定搭配、交际句型;
2. 吃透两大核心语法:①动词不定式(to do 作宾语 / 宾补 / 目的状语,make/let 省略 to);②“The + 比较级,the + 比较级” 双重比较结构;
3. 熟练运用描述探索经历、表达好奇、议论好奇心价值、提出探索建议交际句型;
4. 能完成记叙文写作(一次好奇的探索经历),理清 “起因 — 过程 — 发现 — 感悟” 叙事逻辑。
复习重难点
重点:
1. 动词不定式三大用法;make/let/ 感官动词后省 to,被动还原 to 规则
2. “The + 比较级,the + 比较级” 句型时态与语序
3. -ed/-ing 形容词区分(人感受 / 事物特征)、en 动词后缀变形
难点:
1. 不定式作宾语补足语省 to 与带 to 动词区分;
2. 双重比较级句子主谓匹配;3. curious 相关短语、find/discover/invent/find out 词义辨析
单元考点:单词、短语、句型
知识点1. An apple falling straight down to the ground made Newton wonder what invisible force pulled all objects toward the earth.
苹果垂直落地的景象,让牛顿思考是何种无形力量将万物拉向地面。
【详解】
(1) falling straight down 现在分词后置修饰 apple;straight down 垂直向下
【例句】Rain drops fall straight down in summer. 夏天雨水垂直落下。
(2) make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事,make 后省 to
【例句】The funny show made us laugh. 搞笑节目让我们大笑。
(3) what 引导宾语从句作 wonder 的宾语;invisible force 无形的力量
【拓展】
straight 词性:adv. 径直;adj. 笔直的
知识点2. The law of gravity that Newton discovered has become one of the most important theories that support modern science.
牛顿发现的万有引力定律,成为支撑现代科学最重要的理论之一。
【详解】
(1) 双层 that 定语从句;one of + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词 “最…… 之一”
【例句】Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China. 北京是中国最大城市之一。
(2) the law of gravity 万有引力定律;modern science 现代科学
【拓展】
one of 作主语,谓语动词用单数
One of my friends likes painting. 我的一个朋友喜欢画画。
知识点3. It was Newton’s strong curiosity that pushed him to create a new branch of math called calculus.
正是牛顿强烈的好奇心,促使他创立了名为微积分的数学新分支。
【详解】
(1) It was … that … 强调句型,去掉 it was that 句子仍完整,本句强调主语 curiosity
【例句】It was Tom that helped me yesterday. 昨天是汤姆帮助了我。
(2) push sb. to do sth. 促使 / 推动某人做某事
【例句】Dreams push us to work hard. 梦想推动我们努力。
(3) called calculus 过去分词后置定语,名叫微积分
【拓展】
push 短语:push for 奋力争取
知识点4. Anyone who keeps asking questions and testing ideas will make great progress in science no matter how old they are.
任何坚持提问、验证猜想的人,无论年龄多大,都能在科学上取得巨大进步。
【详解】
(1) who 定语从句修饰 anyone;keep doing sth. 持续做某事
【例句】Keep practicing, and you will improve. 坚持练习,你就会进步。
(2) make progress 取得进步,progress 不可数
【例句】I make great progress in English this term. 这学期我英语进步很大。
(3) no matter how = however 无论多么,引导让步状语从句
【例句】No matter how difficult it is, don’t give up. 无论多难,都别放弃。
【拓展】
no matter 系列:no matter what/who/where/when/how
知识点5. If you look carefully at small daily things and ask “why”, you may find amazing facts that others ignore.
如果你细心观察日常小事、多问为什么,就能发现别人忽略的惊人真相。
【详解】
(1) if 引导真实条件状语从句,遵循主将从现
【例句】If it is sunny tomorrow, we will go camping. 如果明天天晴,我们去露营。
(2) look carefully at 仔细观察;amazing facts 惊人的事实
(3) ignore 动词,忽视,忽略
【拓展】
条件从句时态规则:从句一般现在时,主句一般将来时
知识点6. Curiosity, which drives people to explore the unknown, is the greatest treasure every scientist owns.
驱使人类探索未知的好奇心,是每位科学家拥有最珍贵的财富。
【详解】
(1) which 非限定定语从句,逗号分隔,修饰 curiosity;drive sb. to do 驱使某人做
【例句】Hunger drove him to look for food. 饥饿驱使他寻找食物。
(2) explore the unknown 探索未知;the + 形容词 = 一类事物,the unknown 未知事物
【例句】The rich should help the poor. 富人应当帮助穷人。
【拓展】
the + adj. 结构:the young 年轻人;the old 老人;the sick 病人
知识点7. People who are afraid of making mistakes will never dare to carry out experiments that may lead to new discoveries.
害怕犯错的人永远不敢开展可能带来新发现的实验。
【详解】
(1) be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事(担心后果)
【例句】She is afraid of walking alone at night. 她害怕夜晚独自走路。
(2) carry out experiments 做实验,开展实验;carry out 实施,执行
(3) lead to 导致,带来;to 是介词
【例句】Hard work leads to success. 努力带来成功。
【拓展】
carry 短语:carry out 执行;carry on 继续;carry away 带走
知识点8. We should not stop thinking just because some adults tell us that certain questions are meaningless.
我们不能仅仅因为一些大人说某些问题毫无意义,就停止思考。
【详解】
(1) just because 仅仅因为,引导原因状语从句
【例句】Don’t hate him just because he made a mistake. 不要仅仅因为他犯错就讨厌他。
(2) stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事
【例句】Stop talking, the class begins. 别说话了,上课了。
(3) meaningless 形容词,无意义的;否定后缀 - less
【拓展】
-less 无…… 的:hopeless 无望的;careless 粗心的;useless 无用的
知识点9. When scientists disagree with each other’s opinions, healthy arguments can help them find more correct answers.
当科学家对彼此观点产生分歧时,良性争辩能帮助他们找到更准确的答案。
【详解】
(1) disagree with sb./sth. 不同意某人 / 某种观点;反义词 agree with
【例句】I disagree with your plan. 我不同意你的方案。
(2) each other 互相,彼此;healthy arguments 良性争论
(3) help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事,to 可省略
【拓展】
agree 搭配:agree with sb. 同意某人;agree to plan 同意计划
知识点10. His uncle persuaded Newton’s mother to let him study at Cambridge University once he finished basic school education.
牛顿的舅舅说服母亲,等牛顿完成基础教育后送他去剑桥大学读书。
【详解】
(1) persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事
【例句】I persuaded my dad to give up smoking. 我说服爸爸戒烟。
(2) once 引导时间状语从句,“一旦,等到”
【例句】Once you arrive, call me at once. 你一到就立刻给我打电话。
(3) let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事,let 后省 to
【拓展】
persuade 易混:try to persuade 尽力劝说(未必成功);persuade 成功说服
单元语法:动词不定式
一、核心概念
动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式,基本结构为 to + 动词原形(在某些情况下省略 to)。它在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语等多种成分。
核心特征:
具有动词的特征(可以带宾语、状语)
具有名词、形容词、副词的特征(可以在句中作多种成分)
不定式符号 to 没有实际意义,只起语法作用
示例:
To learn English is important.(学英语很重要。)→ 作主语
I want to buy a new bike.(我想买一辆新自行车。)→ 作宾语
She asked me to help her.(她请我帮助她。)→ 作宾补
二、动词不定式的六种句法功能
1. 作主语
不定式作主语时,常用 it 作形式主语,将真正的主语(不定式)后置。
结构: It + be + 形容词/名词 + (for/of sb.) + to do
例句:
To learn English well is important.
= It is important to learn English well.(学好英语很重要。)
To see is to believe.(眼见为实。)
It is necessary to finish the work today.(今天完成这项工作是有必要的。)
⚠️ 注意: 作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
2. 作宾语
不定式放在及物动词后面,充当动作的对象。
常见动词: want, hope, wish, decide, agree, refuse, promise, plan, choose, expect, afford, pretend, learn, try, begin, start, forget, remember
例句:
I want to go home.(我想回家。)
She hopes to become a teacher.(她希望成为一名老师。)
He decided not to go to the party.(他决定不去参加聚会。)
带疑问词的不定式作宾语:
I don't know what to do next.(我不知道下一步该做什么。)
Can you tell me how to get to the station?(你能告诉我去车站怎么走吗?)
3. 作宾语补足语
不定式放在宾语后面,补充说明宾语的动作。
结构: 动词 + 宾语 + to do
常见动词: ask, tell, want, allow, advise, encourage, invite, warn, teach, expect
例句:
She asked me to help her.(她请我帮助她。)
The teacher told us to study hard.(老师叫我们努力学习。)
My parents allow me to watch TV.(我父母允许我看电视。)
省略 to 的情况(使役动词和感官动词):
make, let, have, see, hear, watch + 宾语 + 动词原形(不带 to)
He made me cry.(他把我弄哭了。)
I saw him leave.(我看见他离开了。)
4. 作定语
不定式放在名词后面,修饰该名词。
结构: 名词 + to do
例句:
I have a lot of work to do.(我有许多工作要做。)
She needs a room to live in.(她需要一个房间住。)
He is the first person to arrive.(他是第一个到达的人。)
5. 作状语
不定式表示目的、原因、结果等。
(1)表示目的(最常见)
I went to the library to borrow some books.(我去图书馆借书。)
She studies hard to get good grades.(她努力学习为了取得好成绩。)
(2)表示结果
He is too young to drive.(他太小了,不能开车。)
She is old enough to go to school.(她够大了,可以上学了。)
6. 作表语
不定式放在系动词后面,说明主语的内容。
结构: 主语 + be + to do
例句:
My dream is to become a doctor.(我的梦想是成为一名医生。)
Her plan is to go abroad.(她的计划是出国。)
三、不定式的否定形式
结构: not + to do
例句:
He promised not to be late again.(他答应不再迟到。)
I decided not to go to the party.(我决定不去参加聚会。)
The teacher told us not to talk in class.(老师叫我们上课不要说话。)
四、不定式的逻辑主语
当不定式的动作执行者不是句子的主语时,需要用 for sb. 或 of sb. 引出逻辑主语。
1. for sb. to do(用于描述事物的性质)
It is important for us to learn English well.(对我们来说学好英语很重要。)
It is difficult for him to solve this problem.(对他来说解决这个问题很难。)
2. of sb. to do(用于描述人的品质)
It is kind of you to help me.(你帮助我真是太好了。)
It is foolish of him to say that.(他说那样的话真傻。)
五、动词不定式与动名词的辨析(重点!)
动词
+ to do
+ doing
remember
记得要去做(未做)
记得做过(已做)
forget
忘记要去做(未做)
忘记做过(已做)
stop
停下来去做另一件事
停止正在做的事
try
努力、试图去做
尝试做(看看效果)
对比例句:
Remember to close the window.(记得关窗。)→ 还没关
I remember closing the window.(我记得关过窗了。)→ 已经关了
He stopped to smoke.(他停下来吸烟。)→ 停下来去做另一件事
He stopped smoking.(他戒烟了。)→ 停止正在做的事
单元写作专题
写作主题 My Curious Exploration(一次好奇的探索经历)
三段式标准写作框架
1. 开头:交代触发好奇心的场景,提出心中疑问
2. 中间:分层写准备工作、观察 / 实验过程、中途小困难、最终发现
3. 结尾:抒发感悟,点明好奇心的价值
高分万能句型
1. Driven by curiosity, I decided to find out the answer.
2. The more I observed, the more interesting secrets I found.
3. I prepared a magnifying glass to watch small creatures.
4. It turned out that curiosity is the key to new knowledge.
5. My teacher encouraged me to keep asking questions.
满分范文
My Curious Exploration
Last week, I was curious about why mimosa leaves close when touched. So I planned to do a small observation.
First, I took a magnifying glass and a notebook to the garden. Every afternoon, I touched the mimosa and wrote down how long its leaves took to open again. At first I got no clear answer, so I looked up science books to find related facts. Finally, I learned it’s the plant’s special protection reaction.
This small exploration taught me a lot. The more we observe, the more amazing secrets we can discover. I will keep a curious mind all the time.
满分 100 分 时间 30 分钟
一、单词拼写(每空 2 分,共 20 分)
根据中文提示写出单词,注意词形变化
1. Children are ________ (天生的) full of curiosity about everything new.
2. It’s ________ (令人惊讶的) that ants can carry heavy food pieces.
3. I felt ________ (吃惊的) after knowing the secret of mimosa.
4. You need to do much ________ (研究) on this small natural problem.
5. Every kid has the ________ (渴望) to explore the world around them.
6. This ________ (持续的) observation brought me lots of new facts.
7. Don’t ask such ________ (令人恼火的) questions all day long.
8. A ________ (研究者) spends years watching animal habits.
9. We should use our ________ (大脑) to think instead of waiting for answers.
10. It’s our duty to ________ (探索) unknown natural phenomena.
二、语法单句填空(每空 2 分,共 20 分)
用括号内词正确形式或填入合适引导词 / 结构
1. Everyone ________ (be) curious about little natural things.
2. The ________ (careful) you watch, the ________ (much) you will learn.
3. I decided ________ (take) a magnifying glass to study ants.
4. The funny trick made all kids ________ (laugh) loudly.
5. We were made ________ (write) a report after the experiment.
6. ________ (find) out the truth, I read three science books.
7. It turned out that ________ (count) ants takes plenty of time.
8. He felt ________ (annoy) because of the ________ (annoy) noise.
9. My teacher encouraged me ________ (keep) a curious mind.
10. The more questions you ask, ________ (great) progress you will make.
三、短文语法填空(每空 2 分,共 20 分)
Curiosity is an ______(1)(inborn) gift for all kids. The ______(2)(curious) they are, the ______(3)(many) secrets they can find. I ______(4)(decide) to study garden insects last month.
______(5)(watch) small bugs closely, I took a notebook to record facts. At first, the ______(6)(surprise) behaviors made me ______(7)(feel) confused. Later I asked a researcher ______(8)(explain) these small changes to me.
It ______(9)(turn) out that continuous observation helps us take ______(10) lots of new knowledge.
四、完成句子(每空 1 分,共 30 分,每题 3 空)
根据中文意思完成句子,每空限填一词
1. 越勤于观察,我们学到的知识就越多。 ______ ______ we watch, ______ ______ knowledge we get.
2. 好奇心促使我们不断提出新问题。 Curiosity ______ us ______ ______ new questions all the time.
3. 为了弄清真相,我查阅了许多科普书籍。 ______ ______ the truth, I read lots of science books.
4. 老师鼓励我们保持一颗探索之心。 Teachers ______ us ______ ______ a curious mind.
5. 事实证明微小事物藏着无数奥秘。 It ______ ______ small things have countless secrets.
6. 我天生对植物生长充满好奇。 I am curious about plant growth ______ ______.
7. 经过持续研究,他想出了全新的观点。 After ______ research, he ______ ______ new ideas.
8. 这件令人恼火的小事让我感到烦躁。 This ______ small thing made me feel ______.
9. 我们通过观察吸收新知识。 We ______ ______ new knowledge ______ watching nature.
10. 每个人都应当主动探索身边的世界。 Everyone should ______ ______ to explore the world around us.
五、书面表达(10 分)
题目 My Curious Exploration 要求:1. 写一次你的探索经历;2. 包含:①什么引发你的好奇 ②你的探索过程 ③你的发现与感悟;60–80 词,三段式书写。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!
1 / 27
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$
Unit 3 Curious minds(复习讲义)
复习要点
1. 掌握好奇心、科学探索、日常观察三大场景词汇、固定搭配、交际句型;
2. 吃透两大核心语法:①动词不定式(to do 作宾语 / 宾补 / 目的状语,make/let 省略 to);②“The + 比较级,the + 比较级” 双重比较结构;
3. 熟练运用描述探索经历、表达好奇、议论好奇心价值、提出探索建议交际句型;
4. 能完成记叙文写作(一次好奇的探索经历),理清 “起因 — 过程 — 发现 — 感悟” 叙事逻辑。
复习重难点
重点:
1. 动词不定式三大用法;make/let/ 感官动词后省 to,被动还原 to 规则
2. “The + 比较级,the + 比较级” 句型时态与语序
3. -ed/-ing 形容词区分(人感受 / 事物特征)、en 动词后缀变形
难点:
1. 不定式作宾语补足语省 to 与带 to 动词区分;
2. 双重比较级句子主谓匹配;3. curious 相关短语、find/discover/invent/find out 词义辨析
单元考点:单词、短语、句型
知识点1. An apple falling straight down to the ground made Newton wonder what invisible force pulled all objects toward the earth.
苹果垂直落地的景象,让牛顿思考是何种无形力量将万物拉向地面。
【详解】
(1) falling straight down 现在分词后置修饰 apple;straight down 垂直向下
【例句】Rain drops fall straight down in summer. 夏天雨水垂直落下。
(2) make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事,make 后省 to
【例句】The funny show made us laugh. 搞笑节目让我们大笑。
(3) what 引导宾语从句作 wonder 的宾语;invisible force 无形的力量
【拓展】
straight 词性:adv. 径直;adj. 笔直的
知识点2. The law of gravity that Newton discovered has become one of the most important theories that support modern science.
牛顿发现的万有引力定律,成为支撑现代科学最重要的理论之一。
【详解】
(1) 双层 that 定语从句;one of + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词 “最…… 之一”
【例句】Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China. 北京是中国最大城市之一。
(2) the law of gravity 万有引力定律;modern science 现代科学
【拓展】
one of 作主语,谓语动词用单数
One of my friends likes painting. 我的一个朋友喜欢画画。
知识点3. It was Newton’s strong curiosity that pushed him to create a new branch of math called calculus.
正是牛顿强烈的好奇心,促使他创立了名为微积分的数学新分支。
【详解】
(1) It was … that … 强调句型,去掉 it was that 句子仍完整,本句强调主语 curiosity
【例句】It was Tom that helped me yesterday. 昨天是汤姆帮助了我。
(2) push sb. to do sth. 促使 / 推动某人做某事
【例句】Dreams push us to work hard. 梦想推动我们努力。
(3) called calculus 过去分词后置定语,名叫微积分
【拓展】
push 短语:push for 奋力争取
知识点4. Anyone who keeps asking questions and testing ideas will make great progress in science no matter how old they are.
任何坚持提问、验证猜想的人,无论年龄多大,都能在科学上取得巨大进步。
【详解】
(1) who 定语从句修饰 anyone;keep doing sth. 持续做某事
【例句】Keep practicing, and you will improve. 坚持练习,你就会进步。
(2) make progress 取得进步,progress 不可数
【例句】I make great progress in English this term. 这学期我英语进步很大。
(3) no matter how = however 无论多么,引导让步状语从句
【例句】No matter how difficult it is, don’t give up. 无论多难,都别放弃。
【拓展】
no matter 系列:no matter what/who/where/when/how
知识点5. If you look carefully at small daily things and ask “why”, you may find amazing facts that others ignore.
如果你细心观察日常小事、多问为什么,就能发现别人忽略的惊人真相。
【详解】
(1) if 引导真实条件状语从句,遵循主将从现
【例句】If it is sunny tomorrow, we will go camping. 如果明天天晴,我们去露营。
(2) look carefully at 仔细观察;amazing facts 惊人的事实
(3) ignore 动词,忽视,忽略
【拓展】
条件从句时态规则:从句一般现在时,主句一般将来时
知识点6. Curiosity, which drives people to explore the unknown, is the greatest treasure every scientist owns.
驱使人类探索未知的好奇心,是每位科学家拥有最珍贵的财富。
【详解】
(1) which 非限定定语从句,逗号分隔,修饰 curiosity;drive sb. to do 驱使某人做
【例句】Hunger drove him to look for food. 饥饿驱使他寻找食物。
(2) explore the unknown 探索未知;the + 形容词 = 一类事物,the unknown 未知事物
【例句】The rich should help the poor. 富人应当帮助穷人。
【拓展】
the + adj. 结构:the young 年轻人;the old 老人;the sick 病人
知识点7. People who are afraid of making mistakes will never dare to carry out experiments that may lead to new discoveries.
害怕犯错的人永远不敢开展可能带来新发现的实验。
【详解】
(1) be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事(担心后果)
【例句】She is afraid of walking alone at night. 她害怕夜晚独自走路。
(2) carry out experiments 做实验,开展实验;carry out 实施,执行
(3) lead to 导致,带来;to 是介词
【例句】Hard work leads to success. 努力带来成功。
【拓展】
carry 短语:carry out 执行;carry on 继续;carry away 带走
知识点8. We should not stop thinking just because some adults tell us that certain questions are meaningless.
我们不能仅仅因为一些大人说某些问题毫无意义,就停止思考。
【详解】
(1) just because 仅仅因为,引导原因状语从句
【例句】Don’t hate him just because he made a mistake. 不要仅仅因为他犯错就讨厌他。
(2) stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事
【例句】Stop talking, the class begins. 别说话了,上课了。
(3) meaningless 形容词,无意义的;否定后缀 - less
【拓展】
-less 无…… 的:hopeless 无望的;careless 粗心的;useless 无用的
知识点9. When scientists disagree with each other’s opinions, healthy arguments can help them find more correct answers.
当科学家对彼此观点产生分歧时,良性争辩能帮助他们找到更准确的答案。
【详解】
(1) disagree with sb./sth. 不同意某人 / 某种观点;反义词 agree with
【例句】I disagree with your plan. 我不同意你的方案。
(2) each other 互相,彼此;healthy arguments 良性争论
(3) help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事,to 可省略
【拓展】
agree 搭配:agree with sb. 同意某人;agree to plan 同意计划
知识点10. His uncle persuaded Newton’s mother to let him study at Cambridge University once he finished basic school education.
牛顿的舅舅说服母亲,等牛顿完成基础教育后送他去剑桥大学读书。
【详解】
(1) persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事
【例句】I persuaded my dad to give up smoking. 我说服爸爸戒烟。
(2) once 引导时间状语从句,“一旦,等到”
【例句】Once you arrive, call me at once. 你一到就立刻给我打电话。
(3) let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事,let 后省 to
【拓展】
persuade 易混:try to persuade 尽力劝说(未必成功);persuade 成功说服
单元语法:动词不定式
一、核心概念
动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式,基本结构为 to + 动词原形(在某些情况下省略 to)。它在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语等多种成分。
核心特征:
具有动词的特征(可以带宾语、状语)
具有名词、形容词、副词的特征(可以在句中作多种成分)
不定式符号 to 没有实际意义,只起语法作用
示例:
To learn English is important.(学英语很重要。)→ 作主语
I want to buy a new bike.(我想买一辆新自行车。)→ 作宾语
She asked me to help her.(她请我帮助她。)→ 作宾补
二、动词不定式的六种句法功能
1. 作主语
不定式作主语时,常用 it 作形式主语,将真正的主语(不定式)后置。
结构: It + be + 形容词/名词 + (for/of sb.) + to do
例句:
To learn English well is important.
= It is important to learn English well.(学好英语很重要。)
To see is to believe.(眼见为实。)
It is necessary to finish the work today.(今天完成这项工作是有必要的。)
⚠️ 注意: 作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
2. 作宾语
不定式放在及物动词后面,充当动作的对象。
常见动词: want, hope, wish, decide, agree, refuse, promise, plan, choose, expect, afford, pretend, learn, try, begin, start, forget, remember
例句:
I want to go home.(我想回家。)
She hopes to become a teacher.(她希望成为一名老师。)
He decided not to go to the party.(他决定不去参加聚会。)
带疑问词的不定式作宾语:
I don't know what to do next.(我不知道下一步该做什么。)
Can you tell me how to get to the station?(你能告诉我去车站怎么走吗?)
3. 作宾语补足语
不定式放在宾语后面,补充说明宾语的动作。
结构: 动词 + 宾语 + to do
常见动词: ask, tell, want, allow, advise, encourage, invite, warn, teach, expect
例句:
She asked me to help her.(她请我帮助她。)
The teacher told us to study hard.(老师叫我们努力学习。)
My parents allow me to watch TV.(我父母允许我看电视。)
省略 to 的情况(使役动词和感官动词):
make, let, have, see, hear, watch + 宾语 + 动词原形(不带 to)
He made me cry.(他把我弄哭了。)
I saw him leave.(我看见他离开了。)
4. 作定语
不定式放在名词后面,修饰该名词。
结构: 名词 + to do
例句:
I have a lot of work to do.(我有许多工作要做。)
She needs a room to live in.(她需要一个房间住。)
He is the first person to arrive.(他是第一个到达的人。)
5. 作状语
不定式表示目的、原因、结果等。
(1)表示目的(最常见)
I went to the library to borrow some books.(我去图书馆借书。)
She studies hard to get good grades.(她努力学习为了取得好成绩。)
(2)表示结果
He is too young to drive.(他太小了,不能开车。)
She is old enough to go to school.(她够大了,可以上学了。)
6. 作表语
不定式放在系动词后面,说明主语的内容。
结构: 主语 + be + to do
例句:
My dream is to become a doctor.(我的梦想是成为一名医生。)
Her plan is to go abroad.(她的计划是出国。)
三、不定式的否定形式
结构: not + to do
例句:
He promised not to be late again.(他答应不再迟到。)
I decided not to go to the party.(我决定不去参加聚会。)
The teacher told us not to talk in class.(老师叫我们上课不要说话。)
四、不定式的逻辑主语
当不定式的动作执行者不是句子的主语时,需要用 for sb. 或 of sb. 引出逻辑主语。
1. for sb. to do(用于描述事物的性质)
It is important for us to learn English well.(对我们来说学好英语很重要。)
It is difficult for him to solve this problem.(对他来说解决这个问题很难。)
2. of sb. to do(用于描述人的品质)
It is kind of you to help me.(你帮助我真是太好了。)
It is foolish of him to say that.(他说那样的话真傻。)
五、动词不定式与动名词的辨析(重点!)
动词
+ to do
+ doing
remember
记得要去做(未做)
记得做过(已做)
forget
忘记要去做(未做)
忘记做过(已做)
stop
停下来去做另一件事
停止正在做的事
try
努力、试图去做
尝试做(看看效果)
对比例句:
Remember to close the window.(记得关窗。)→ 还没关
I remember closing the window.(我记得关过窗了。)→ 已经关了
He stopped to smoke.(他停下来吸烟。)→ 停下来去做另一件事
He stopped smoking.(他戒烟了。)→ 停止正在做的事
单元写作专题
写作主题 My Curious Exploration(一次好奇的探索经历)
三段式标准写作框架
1. 开头:交代触发好奇心的场景,提出心中疑问
2. 中间:分层写准备工作、观察 / 实验过程、中途小困难、最终发现
3. 结尾:抒发感悟,点明好奇心的价值
高分万能句型
1. Driven by curiosity, I decided to find out the answer.
2. The more I observed, the more interesting secrets I found.
3. I prepared a magnifying glass to watch small creatures.
4. It turned out that curiosity is the key to new knowledge.
5. My teacher encouraged me to keep asking questions.
满分范文
My Curious Exploration
Last week, I was curious about why mimosa leaves close when touched. So I planned to do a small observation.
First, I took a magnifying glass and a notebook to the garden. Every afternoon, I touched the mimosa and wrote down how long its leaves took to open again. At first I got no clear answer, so I looked up science books to find related facts. Finally, I learned it’s the plant’s special protection reaction.
This small exploration taught me a lot. The more we observe, the more amazing secrets we can discover. I will keep a curious mind all the time.
满分 100 分 时间 30 分钟
一、单词拼写(每空 2 分,共 20 分)
根据中文提示写出单词,注意词形变化
1. Children are ________ (天生的) full of curiosity about everything new.
2. It’s ________ (令人惊讶的) that ants can carry heavy food pieces.
3. I felt ________ (吃惊的) after knowing the secret of mimosa.
4. You need to do much ________ (研究) on this small natural problem.
5. Every kid has the ________ (渴望) to explore the world around them.
6. This ________ (持续的) observation brought me lots of new facts.
7. Don’t ask such ________ (令人恼火的) questions all day long.
8. A ________ (研究者) spends years watching animal habits.
9. We should use our ________ (大脑) to think instead of waiting for answers.
10. It’s our duty to ________ (探索) unknown natural phenomena.
答案解析
1. inborn 解析:形容词修饰名词 curiosity,inborn ability 天生的本能
2. surprising 解析:修饰事物 it,用 - ing 形容词表 “令人吃惊的”
3. surprised 解析:主语是人 I,-ed 形容词表达人的感受
4. research 解析:不可数名词,do research 做研究
5. curiosity 解析:the 后接名词,curious 形容词变 curiosity 名词
6. continuous 解析:形容词修饰名词 observation
7. annoying 解析:修饰 questions,事物特征用 annoying
8. researcher 解析:不定冠词 a 后用表示人的名词
9. brain 解析:our 后可单可复数,此处单数泛指大脑
10. explore 解析:to 后接动词原形,it’s duty to do
二、语法单句填空(每空 2 分,共 20 分)
用括号内词正确形式或填入合适引导词 / 结构
1. Everyone ________ (be) curious about little natural things.
2. The ________ (careful) you watch, the ________ (much) you will learn.
3. I decided ________ (take) a magnifying glass to study ants.
4. The funny trick made all kids ________ (laugh) loudly.
5. We were made ________ (write) a report after the experiment.
6. ________ (find) out the truth, I read three science books.
7. It turned out that ________ (count) ants takes plenty of time.
8. He felt ________ (annoy) because of the ________ (annoy) noise.
9. My teacher encouraged me ________ (keep) a curious mind.
10. The more questions you ask, ________ (great) progress you will make.
答案解析
1. is 解析:everyone 不定代词作主语,谓语三单
2. more carefully; more 解析:the + 比较级结构,副词修饰 watch
3. to take 解析:decide to do 不定式作宾语
4. laugh 解析:make sb. do 省略 to
5. to write 解析:make 被动语态必须还原 to
6. To find 解析:不定式放句首表目的状语
7. counting 解析:动名词作主语
8. annoyed; annoying 解析:人感受 - ed;事物噪音 - ing
9. to keep 解析:encourage sb. to do 带 to 宾补
10. the greater 解析:the + 比较级固定搭配
三、短文语法填空(每空 2 分,共 20 分)
Curiosity is an ______(1)(inborn) gift for all kids. The ______(2)(curious) they are, the ______(3)(many) secrets they can find. I ______(4)(decide) to study garden insects last month.
______(5)(watch) small bugs closely, I took a notebook to record facts. At first, the ______(6)(surprise) behaviors made me ______(7)(feel) confused. Later I asked a researcher ______(8)(explain) these small changes to me.
It ______(9)(turn) out that continuous observation helps us take ______(10) lots of new knowledge.
答案
1. inborn 2. more curious 3. more 4. decided 5. Watching
2. surprising 7. feel 8. to explain 9. turned 10. in
简要解析
1. 形容词修饰 gift;2/3 双重比较级;4 过去时 last month;5 分词作伴随;7make sb do;8encourage 类 to do;10 固定 take in 吸收
四、完成句子(每空 1 分,共 30 分,每题 3 空)
根据中文意思完成句子,每空限填一词
1. 越勤于观察,我们学到的知识就越多。 ______ ______ we watch, ______ ______ knowledge we get.
2. 好奇心促使我们不断提出新问题。 Curiosity ______ us ______ ______ new questions all the time.
3. 为了弄清真相,我查阅了许多科普书籍。 ______ ______ the truth, I read lots of science books.
4. 老师鼓励我们保持一颗探索之心。 Teachers ______ us ______ ______ a curious mind.
5. 事实证明微小事物藏着无数奥秘。 It ______ ______ small things have countless secrets.
6. 我天生对植物生长充满好奇。 I am curious about plant growth ______ ______.
7. 经过持续研究,他想出了全新的观点。 After ______ research, he ______ ______ new ideas.
8. 这件令人恼火的小事让我感到烦躁。 This ______ small thing made me feel ______.
9. 我们通过观察吸收新知识。 We ______ ______ new knowledge ______ watching nature.
10. 每个人都应当主动探索身边的世界。 Everyone should ______ ______ to explore the world around us.
参考答案 + 解析
1. The more; the more 解析:双重比较级标准句型
2. makes; keep asking 解析:make sb do;keep doing 持续做
3. To find out 解析:不定式目的状语,find out 查明
4. encourage; to keep 解析:encourage sb to do
5. turns out 解析:turn out that 结果证明
6. by nature 解析:固定短语天生地
7. continuous; came up with 解析:continuous 持续的;come up with 想出(过去式)
8. annoying; annoyed 解析:修饰事物 - ing,修饰人 - ed
9. take in; by 解析:take in 吸收;by+doing 通过…… 方式
10. take an active part 解析:take an active part in 积极参与
五、书面表达(10 分)
题目 My Curious Exploration 要求:1. 写一次你的探索经历;2. 包含:①什么引发你的好奇 ②你的探索过程 ③你的发现与感悟;60–80 词,三段式书写。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
My Curious Exploration I was curious about why ants always walk in straight lines, so I planned to find out the reason.
First, I prepared bread crumbs and a magnifying glass. I followed the ants in the garden and watched their movements carefully. Later I looked up information and learned ants leave special smells to guide each other.
This small exploration is meaningful. The more we observe, the more wonderful secrets we will discover. We should always keep curious. (全文 72 词)
【详细解析】
[第一步:审题立意]
体裁:记叙文(起因 + 探索过程 + 感悟议论) 词数要求:60–80 词,范文 72 词符合标准 必须包含三大要点 ①触发好奇心的现象;②完整探索过程;③探索发现 + 保持好奇的感悟 时态规划 过去探索经历:一般过去时;客观道理(双重比较):一般现在时 写作基调:简洁、贴合单元词汇,使用不定式、the 比较级两大核心语法,无超纲表达
[第二步:构思布局
段落 功能 写作内容规划
第 1 段(1 句) 开篇点题 点明让自己好奇的现象,交代探索初衷
第 2 段(2 句) 主体核心 分步骤写准备工具、观察过程、查阅资料得出发现
第 3 段(1 句) 结尾升华 运用单元核心双重比较句型升华,呼吁保持好奇心
[第三步:要点展开
要点 1:触发好奇 原句:I was curious about why ants always walk in straight lines, so I planned to find out the reason. 用词解析:be curious about(单元核心搭配);find out 查明真相,贴合探索语境。
要点 2:完整探索过程 原句:First, I prepared bread crumbs and a magnifying glass. I followed the ants in the garden and watched their movements carefully. Later I looked up information and learned ants leave special smells to guide each other. 语法亮点:本句全部使用一般过去时描述过去探索动作;watch sb do 感官动词省 to 不定式,单元必考语法。
要点 3:发现与感悟 原句:This small exploration is meaningful. The more we observe, the more wonderful secrets we will discover. We should always keep curious. 语法亮点:嵌入单元重点 “The + 比较级,the + 比较级” 句型,点明好奇心的价值,升华主题。
加分词句积累(Unit3 课内词汇、短语、语法)
必备单词:curious adj. 好奇;explore v. 探索;observation n. 观察;continuous adj. 持续
高频短语:be curious about;find out;come up with;take in;by nature
核心语法:to do 不定式作目的 / 宾语;make/watch sb do;The + 比较级,the + 比较级
万能呼吁句:We should keep a curious mind in our daily life.
6
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!
1 / 27
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$