内容正文:
Unit 2 Learning English is fun!(复习讲义)
复习要点
1、围绕 “Learning English is fun” 主题,复习询问对英语的看法、英语学习方法、颜色与情绪表达、英美英语差异相关句型,掌握谈论学习感受、描述色彩寓意的语言表达。
2、重点掌握可数名词与不可数名词的定义、复数变化规则、量词搭配及主谓一致用法。
3、熟练掌握动名词作主语、It 作形式主语、find 复合宾语三类核心句式,能准确辨析 - ing 与 - ed 形容词、动作与结果类动词短语。
4、能撰写喜爱的颜色小短文、英语学习心得短文、介绍英语学习技巧的简单英文海报,规范运用本单元名词规则、形容词辨析及核心句型。
复习重难点
重点:可数名词与不可数名词分类及用法;动名词、形式主语固定句型;色彩情绪词汇与英语学习类短语。
难点:名词复数特殊变形、不可数名词量词结构易出错;-ing/-ed 形容词语境混用;写作中正确运用名词单复数、句式完整表达观点。
单元考点:单词、短语、句型
知识点1:Li Ming meets up with his cousin Li Jing.李明和他的表姐(表妹 / 堂姐 / 堂妹)李晶见面。(教材P16)
① meet up with sb:动词短语,此处含义为和某人碰面、相聚、会面;此短语常用于口语,但更侧重朋友熟人相约见面。
用法: 后跟人, 后跟地点。
例句:Li Ming his cousin Li Jing. 李明和他的堂 / 表姐妹李晶相约见面。
We plan to the park. 我们打算在公园和露西碰面。
【词形变化】
三单:meets up with 过去式: up with 过去分词: up with 现在分词:meeting up with
【同义替换】
up 在meet up with 短语中的意思为:碰面、相聚;召集、凑到一起。
meet up with sb= 和某人相聚
例句:We get together with relatives in Spring Festival.春节我们和亲人们相聚。
【易错提醒】
短语
含义
核心区别
中考例句
遇见;结识;迎接
偶遇,约见;通用,正式非正式都可以
I met her on the street. 我在街上偶遇了她。
相约碰头、相聚
事先约定,非正式,朋友之间
I meet up with my best friend every holiday.
我每个假期都和好友相聚。
会晤;遭遇
①正式会面(领导人、谈判);②遭遇(困难、麻烦)
The leader met with visitors. 领导会见来访者。
He met with many difficulties. 他遭遇很多困难。
【即时小练】
I often ____ my old classmates on weekends. We make plans ahead of time.
A. meet B. meet up with C. meet with D.met up with
知识点2:You are amazing.你真了不起。(教材P16)
1 amazing /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/adj. 令人大为惊奇的;了不起的;绝妙的。
【单词变形】 v. 使惊奇;使惊愕 amazing adj. 令人惊奇的 amazed adj. 感到惊奇的amazement n. [U] 惊奇,惊愕
adj. 令人惊奇的 修饰事物,主语多为物 。
adj. 感到惊奇的 修饰人,主语多为人。
口诀: “令人……” 修饰物; “感到……” 修饰人
【固定搭配】
(1) 对…… 感到惊讶(人作主语)
(2) 很惊讶地做……
(3) 令某人惊讶的是
(4) 令人吃惊(it 作形式主语)
【易混辨析】
单词
词义与语气
使用场景
amazing
令人惊叹的,了不起的
口语、书面都可用;夸赞人、事物,褒义
surprising
令人吃惊的
侧重 “出乎意料”,中性,可好可坏
wonderful
极好的,绝妙的
侧重美好、愉快,多用于体验、时光
fantastic
极好的,了不起的
口语,语气更强,书面表达高分词
【即时小练】
We were ____ at the ____ news.
A. amazed; amazing B. amazing; amazed C. amazed; amazed D.amazing; amazing
知识点3:You know the meaning of class and room.你知道 class 和 room 这两个单词的意思。(教材P16)
1 meaning n. 意思,含义;意义(名词)
【单词变形】 动词原形- 动词过去式- 过去分词 n. 意思(单数)- (复数)
adj. 有意义的(形容词)- adj. 无意义的,徒劳的(反义词)
词根拆解:mean(动词:意味)+ ing → meaning(名词:含义)
【固定搭配】
(1) 单词的意思
What’s the meaning of this sentence?这个句子是什么意思?
(2) 知道…… 的含义
Do you this idiom? 你知道这个成语的意思吗?
(3) 带有深意
(4) 富有内涵
【知识拓展】
(1)mean sth 意思是某物 What does this word mean?
(2)mean sth 打算 / 有意做某事 I mean to help you. 我打算帮你。
(3)mean doing sth 意味着做某事Missing the bus means waiting for another hour.错过这班车意味着再等一小时。
【易错辨析】
单词
侧重点
例句
meaning
侧重单词、句子、符号的字面 “释义”
the meaning of “classroom” classroom 的词义
sense
侧重语境中的理解、语感、抽象感觉
make sense 有道理;讲得通
It makes no sense. 这毫无道理。
1.Missing the train means ____ for two hours.
A. wait B. to wait C. waiting D. waited
知识点4:There are only 26 letters in English, but the 26 letters can make more than one million words.(教材P18)
1 表示某地存在有某物 / 某人,强调 “存在”。
【句型结构】
(1)单数 / 不可数:There + 单数名词 / 不可数名词 + 地点状语
(2)复数:There + 复数名词 + 地点状语
【句型变化】 1. 肯定句:There is a book on the desk.桌上有一本书。
2. 否定句:be 后加 There isn’t a book on the desk. 桌上没有书。
3. 一般疑问句: 提前 Is there a book on the desk? Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t.
4. 特殊疑问句 How many books are there on the desk? 桌上有多少本书?
【黄金规则】
be 动词单复数由离它最近的名词决定( ):
There a pen and two rulers.(就近 a pen 单数→ )
There two rulers and a pen.(就近 two rulers 复数→ )
【拓展变形】
There … 将会有(一般将来时)There a meeting tomorrow. 明天将会有一场会议。
There … 将要发生……
There used to be… 过去曾经有There used to be a park here. 这里以前有一个公园。
【易混辨析】
句型
含义
核心区别
例句
There be
某地存在有
客观存在,无主语
There is a cat in the room. 房间里有一只猫。
have/has
某人拥有
主语是人 / 物,表所属
I have a cat. 我有一只猫。
2 more /mɔː(r)/det. & pron. 更多的 adv. 更;更多
【单词变形】more 是 /much 的比较级 (修饰可数复数)→ more (修饰不可数)→ more
【句型结构】
1) more + 可数名词复数 / 不可数名词(更多……)more books 更多书;more water 更多水
2) 数字 + more + 名词 = + 数字 + 名词(额外再多几个)
apples = apples 再多两个苹果
3) = over 超过,多于(原句用到: n one million 一百多万)反义词 少于
4) A + be + more + 多音节形容词 + than B She is more beautiful than me.
【固定搭配】
more than 超过;不仅仅 less than 少于(反义词组) more or less 或多或少
more and more 越来越…… one more time 再来一次
3 /ˈmɪljən/ 数词:百万
【句型结构】
1) 前面有具体数字(one/two/three…)
million 不加 s,后面不加 of 两百万个单词
2) 前面无具体数字,表模糊概念 “数百万的”
millions 加 s,后面必须加 of 数百万人
口诀:有数字,无 s 无 of;无数字,加 s 加 of
【知识拓展】
hundred(百): two hundred (两百) hundreds of (成百上千的)
thousand(千):two thousand (两千) thousands of (数千的)
billion(十亿): three billion 三十亿;billions of 数十亿的
【即时小练】
1.____ visitors come to the park every year.
A. Million of B. Millions of C. Two millions D. Two millions of
2.There ____ a pencil and three notebooks in my schoolbag.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
3.We need ____ chairs for the party. We already have five.
A. two more B. more two C. another two D. A and C
知识点5:You don’t even need to move any letters around.你甚至都不需要打乱调换任何字母的顺序。(教材P18)
1 v. 需要;modal v. 必须(情态动词);n. 需要,需求(名词)
【单词变形】第三人称单数:needs 现在分词:needing 过去式:needed 过去分词:needed
【句式结构】
need 作实义动词
(1) 需要去做某事(主语是人)
例句:I need to finish my homework. 我需要写完作业。
(2) 需要某物
例句: I need a pen. 我需要一支钢笔。
(3)否定 / 疑问要借助助动词 do/does/did
✅ 否定:don’t /doesn’t /didn’t need to do原句:You don’t even need to move… 就是这个结构
✅ 疑问:Do you need to go now?
(4) = (主语是物)
The room needs cleaning. = The room needs to be cleaned. 这个房间需要被打扫。
need 作情态动词(只用于否定句、疑问句,极少用在肯定句)
(1)need +
(2)否定: = don’t have to do 不必做
(3)疑问:Need sb do…?
· needn’t = 不必(语气委婉) mustn’t = 禁止,不准
例: —Must I go now? 我必须现在走吗? —No, / No, you . 不,不必。
need 作名词 n. 需求,需要
· 复数:needs
固定搭配: 在危难中;有需要的 A friend is a friend indeed. 患难见真
【易混辨析】
辨析维度
结构
含义 / 规则
例句
实义动词 vs 情态动词
don't need to do
不需要(实义动词,加 to)
He doesn't need to come.
needn't do
不必(情态动词,不加 to)
He needn't come.
needn't vs mustn't
needn't
不必(语气委婉,允许不做)
You needn't finish it today.
mustn't
禁止,不准(语气强硬,不许做)
You mustn't smoke here.
人作主语 vs 物作主语
sb need to do
人需要去做(主动)
I need to clean the room.
sth need doing
某物需要被……(被动含义)
The room needs cleaning.
回答 must 疑问句
肯定回答:Yes, you must.
是的,必须
—Must I go? —Yes, you must.
否定回答:No, you needn't.
不,不必
—Must I go? —No, you needn't.
【即时小练】
1.The car needs ____.
A. wash B. to wash C. washing D. washed
知识点6:Do you know the meaning of the phrase a piece of cake? 你知道短语 a piece of cake 的意思吗?(教材P18)
/piːs/n. 片;碎片;一件
【单词变形】单数:piece 复数:pieces
piece 属于量词,用来修饰不可数名词, + 不可数名词
变复数:数词(two ,three…)+ + 不可数名词
例: bread 一片面包 bread 两片面包
【固定搭配】
短语
中文释义
例句
a piece of cake
一块蛋糕;(俚语)小菜一碟
The test is a piece of cake.
a piece of paper
一张纸
Write it on a piece of paper.
a piece of bread
一片面包
I’d like a piece of bread.
a piece of news
一则消息 / 一条新闻
It’s a good piece of news.
a piece of advice
一条建议
Can you give me a piece of advice?
a piece of music
一首乐曲
He played a beautiful piece of music.
a piece of wood
一块木头
Pick up a piece of wood.
【易混辨析】
1. 只变 piece,后面不可数名词永远不加 s
✅
❌ three pieces of waters
【即时小练】
1.Could you give me two ____ of paper?
A. piece B. pieces C. piece’s D. pieces’
知识点7:What would you like for hot pot, Jack?杰克,你想吃点什么涮火锅?(教材P20)
想要;would like 整体是情态动词短语,没有人称、单复数变化 would 是 will 的过去式,此处表委婉客气语气。
【词形变化】
1) 无人称变化:无论主语是 I/you/he/she/we/they,一律用 would like,没有 would likes 这种三单形式。
2) 缩写形式:I’d like = I would like / He’d like / / We’d like / They’d like
3) 否定形式:would not like,缩写 不想要
【固定搭配】
结构
含义
例句
would like + 名词 / 代词
想要某物
I would like a bowl of rice.
想要做某事(必考)
She’d like to visit Chengdu.
想要某人做某事
I’d like you to help me.
【易混辨析】
would like 和 want 的区别
would like 语气非常委婉、礼貌,多用于点餐、发出邀请、客气请求,是社交礼貌用语;want 语气直接直白,就是普通表达 “想要”,日常随口说话使用。
结构上二者可以同义替换,但是搭配保持一致:
I’d like to have mushrooms. = I want to have mushrooms.
重点注意:would like 后面只能接 to do,绝对不能接 doing,这是高频错题点。
Would you like…? 回答答语
对方问:Would you like some tofu?
肯定回答: .
否定回答: . /
【即时小练】
1.Tom would like ____ out for hot pot this evening.
A. go B. to go C. going D. goes
知识点8:Maybe it looks like a big egg?我喜欢学习中国语言与文化。(教材P20)
maybe 副词,也许、或许
【词形变化】
是副词 adv.,无比较级、最高级,无单复数、时态变形,形式永远不变。
词根拆分:may(可以,情态动词)+ be(是)→ 合成副词 maybe
【固定搭配】
1 通常放在句首。 he is right. 或许他是对的。
2 也可放句中或句末(口语)It is maybe a cat. = It is a cat, maybe.
【易混辨析】
maybe = may be;
maybe(副词):作状语
may be(情态动词 + be 动词):作句子谓语
例句: Maybe it is a big egg. = It may be a big egg. 或许它是一颗大鸡蛋。
look(感官系动词)+ like(介词),整体动词短语:看起来像……
【词形变化】三单:looks like;过去式 / 过去分词:looked like
【易混辨析】
look like /be like /look 区别
(1) 侧重外貌、外形长得像,回答要用长相描述;
(2) 侧重性格、人品怎么样;
(3) 单独使用是 “看起来……”,后面加形容词,不能加名词。
例句:
1.—What does she look like? 她长什么样?
—She is tall.
2.—What is she like? 她性格怎么样?
—She is kind.
3.It looks beautiful. 它看起来很漂亮。
【知识拓展】
照顾; 寻找; 期待; 浏览; 查阅(词典)
【即时小练】
1.It ____ a big apple.
A. look like B. looks like C. may be like D.looked like
2.—What ____ your sister ____ like?
—She has long hair.
A. do; look B. does; look C. is; look D.has ;look
知识点9:In English, some colour words can show people’s feelings.在英语中,一些颜色类词汇可以表达人们的情绪。(教材P22)
feeling/ˈfiːlɪŋ/感情
【词形变化】
(1) v. 感觉;觉得;触摸 过去式 / 过去分词: ,现在分词:feeling
(2) feeling n.感情 复数:feelings 多种情绪、感情
【固定搭配】
伤害某人的感情 有种好预感;心情很好
mixed feelings 复杂的心情 express one’s feelings 表达某人的情绪
失去知觉、麻木 一种奇怪的感觉
deep feelings 深厚的情感
【易混辨析】
feel /feeling/feelings 三层区分
1 feel 只能作动词,意思是 “感到、触摸”,后面接形容词;
2 feeling 单数名词,侧重感官、单次感受;
3 feelings 复数名词,侧重心理情感。
【即时小练】
1.He ____ tired yesterday because of too much work.
A. feeling B. felt C. feels D.feel
知识点10: I hope to become a good English learner. 我既有体育课,又有语文课!(教材P24)
hope,/həʊp/ v. 希望
【词形变化】
1) hope v. 希望 三单形式:hopes 过去式 / 过去分词:hoped 现在分词:
2) hope n. 希望(不可数) 满怀希望的; 无望的,绝望的
【固定搭配】
希望做某事 I hope to visit England. 我希望去英国游览。
hope + that 宾语从句 希望…… I hope (that) I can pass the exam.我希望我能通过考试。
hope for sth 期盼某物 / 某事发生 We hope for good weather. 我们期盼好天气。
【易混辨析】hopeful vs hopeless
· hopeful 形容人 “抱有希望的、充满信心的”;
· hopeless 形容事情 “毫无希望的、无可救药的”。
He is hopeful about his future. 他对未来满怀希望。
It’s a hopeless problem. 这是个无解的难题。
【即时小练】
1.I hope ____ a top English learner.
A. become B. to become C. becoming D. became
知识点11: Don’t be afraid to make mistakes!我既有体育课,又有语文课!(教材P24)
形容词 adj. 害怕的;担心的
· n. 害怕,恐惧(名词)
· fearful adj. 担心的,可怕的
· fearless adj. 无畏的,大胆的
【固定搭配】
· 害怕做某事 Don’t be afraid to speak English. 别怕开口说英语。
· 害怕做某事 I’m afraid of falling down. 我担心会摔倒。
· be afraid + that 从句 恐怕……;担心…… I’m afraid (that) I can’t help you. 恐怕我帮不了你。
【即时小练】
1.Don’t be afraid ____ mistakes when you practice English.
A. make B. to make C. making D. made
单元语法可数名词与不可数名词:
1、 名词定义
1、表示人、事物、地点、抽象概念的单词。
2、分类
按照能否直接一个一个计数,分为两类:
1 可数名词:能拆分个数,可以数清
2 不可数名词:物质、液体、抽象概念,无法直接逐个点数
二、可数名词的用法单数前面可以加 ,也可以加数词(one, two…)
1.可数名词的特征
有复数变形, 、 两种形式
可数名词的特征
单数名词一般不能 孤零零使用,加冠词
2. 可数名词复数完整变化规则
规则变化
分类
变化规则
发音
举例
1
普通单词末尾直接加 s
清辅音后读 /s/;浊辅音 / 元音后读 /z/
cat→ ;dog→ ;letter→
2
s /x/ch /sh 结尾,加 es
/ɪz/
class→ ;box→ ;watch→
3
元音字母 + y 结尾,直接加 s
/z/
boy→ ;monkey→
4
辅音字母 + y 结尾,变 y 为 i 再加 es
/ɪz/
city→ ;library→
5
o 结尾:有生命加 es,无生命加 s
/z/
无生命:photo→ ;radio→radios有生命:tomato→ ;potato→
6
f /fe 结尾,去掉 f/fe,改为 ves
/vz/
knife→ ;life→lives;wife→
不规则变化
(1)单词整体变形
man → woman → child → tooth → foot →
(2)单复数完全同形(外形不变)
sheep 绵羊 → Chinese 中国人 → Japanese 日本人 → Japanese
二、不可数名词的用法
1.不可数名词的特点不能加 ,不能直接搭配 one/two 等数词
没有复数形式,词尾永远不加
限定词只能用: 、little、a little、some、 等
不可数名词的特点
不可数名词作句子主语时,后面的谓语动词必须用第三人称
2.不可数名词如何表达数量
复数只改变前面的量词,后面不可数名词保持原样
常用固定量词: 一张 / 一片 / 一条(paper, bread, news) 一杯(tea)
1. 一玻璃杯(juice, water) 一瓶(water, cola)
3. 难点分析:一词两用(同一个单词可数 / 不可数意思不同)
单词
不可数含义(表物质 / 统称)
可数含义(表个体 / 种类)
glass
玻璃
a glass 玻璃杯;glasses 眼镜
iron
铁
an iron 熨斗
tea
茶叶、茶水
a tea 一杯茶、一份茶点
water
水
waters 海域、近海
food
食物(总称)
foods 多种不同品类的食物
(时间:40分钟)
一、单项选择
1.—What does “AI” ________?
—Sorry, I don’t know. I think a dictionary can help us.
A.mean B.count C.speak D.like
2.—About 2,000 students go to the sports fields and do exercises every morning.
—Wow, that’s ________.
A.modern B.quiet C.amazing D.cute
3.—Why does time fly so fast when we are having fun?
—It’s a ________ of life, but we can make every moment meaningful.
A.fact B.habit C.secret D.problem
4.—I lost my pen, so I ________ to buy one to finish my homework.
—Here you are. I have two pens.
A.need B.use C.know D.spell
5.—What drinks do we need for our class party?
—Let’s get some ________.
A.carton of juice B.cartons of juices C.carton of juices D.cartons of juice
6.— ________ does your father go shopping?
—Seldom. ________ he goes shopping once or twice a year.
A.How often; May be B.How often; Maybe
C.How long; May be D.How long; Maybe
7.—Don’t be scared. Don’t be ________.
—OK, I will smile big.
A.happy B.bad C.red D.blue
8.We need some ________for our hot pot. It’s from China.
A.tofu B.eggplant C.mushrooms D.cabbage
9.Don’t be afraid ________ make mistakes when you speak English.
A.of B.to C.for D.with
10.Listening to English songs can make you ________ confident.
A.feel B.to feel C.feeling D.feels
二、完形填空
Li Ming and Jack are at a supermarket. They want to buy food for 11 pot. Jack would like some vegetables and 12 . They talk about interesting food words. Li Ming asks, “Why does eggplant have ‘egg’ in it?” Jack says, “Maybe it looks like a big 13 .” Li Ming says, “But mushrooms don’t look like rooms, and 14 don’t look like tables.” They also talk about hot pot and tofu. These words are from 15 .
In English, some colour words can show people’s 16 . Blue means “sad”, green means “ 17 ”, yellow means “scared”, and red means “angry”. In China, red is a 18 colour. People like to wear red clothes. Colours have different meanings in different 19 . We should know these differences. Li Ming and Jack buy some tofu and vegetables. Then they go home to 20 their hot pot.
11.A.hot B.cold C.cool D.warm
12.A.fruit B.meat C.juice D.milk
13.A.room B.egg C.table D.pot
14.A.vegetables B.eggs C.mushrooms D.potatoes
15.A.English B.Chinese C.Japanese D.American
16.A.feelings B.colours C.foods D.hobbies
17.A.happy B.sick C.sad D.angry
18.A.sad B.happy C.scared D.sick
19.A.families B.schools C.cultures D.cities
20.A.cook B.buy C.sell D.wash
三、阅读理解
There are only 26 letters in English, but the 26 letters can make more than one million words. Look at this word: level. You can read it left to right or right to left — it’s the same word! The word therein has ten words in it. You don’t even need to move any letters around. Do you know the meaning of the phrase a piece of cake? It means easy. This sentence uses all 26 letters: The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. There are many more amazing facts about English. Have fun with English!
21.How many letters are there in English?
A.24 B.25 C.26 D.27
22.What is special about the word “level”?
A.It can be read the same forwards and backwards.
B.It has 10 words in it.
C.It means “easy”.
D.It is a long word.
23.What does “a piece of cake” mean?
A.difficult B.easy C.interesting D.boring
24.Which sentence uses all 26 English letters?
A.I like English very much.
B.The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.
C.How do you like English?
D.Have fun with English!
25.Which of the following is NOT true?
A.26 letters can make more than one million words.
B.“Therein” has 10 words in it.
C.“Level” is the same forwards and backwards.
D.All English phrases are easy to understand.
四、单词拼写
26.The notebooks ________ (意味着) much to Millie because they keep many stories of her family members.
27.What an ________ (令人大为惊奇的) movie it is! I want to watch it again.
28.What do we ________ (需要) to know about a new friend?
29.She often makes some careless ________ (错误) in exams.
30.When I put it on, I have a ________ (感觉) of travelling back to the old times.
31.The ________ (卷心菜) are so fresh. We can buy some to make pies.
32.It’s good to brush ________ (牙齿) in the morning and evening.
33.One, two, three... There are 20 ________ (绵羊) on the farm.
34.My _________ (同学) Lily often helps me with my math homework.
35.Simon gives me some ________ about how to match trousers and shoes. (例子)
五、完成句子
36.Look at this tomato. (改为复数句)
Look at ________ ________.
37.She needs to go to the library. (改为否定句)
She ________ ________ to go to the library.
38.I like English idioms very much. (改为一般疑问句)
________ you ________ English idioms very much?
39.There are some strawberries in the box. (改为否定句)
There ________ ________ strawberries in the box.
40.I would like some vegetables for hot pot.(改为一般疑问句)
________ you ________ some vegetables for hot pot?
六、任务型阅读
English is the first language of about 400 million people and the mother language of 12 countries. However, it has many differences. British, American and South African English are all spoken differently. In many English language courses, the British and American differences are taught. One is not more correct than the other, but there are important differences between the two.
Probably the biggest difference between American and British English is the vocabulary. Different words are used to talk about the same thing. For example, in the United States, people throw their garbage into the trash can. In England, people throw their rubbish into the dustbin. In Britain, people take a lift to the fifth floor. In America, people take an elevator.
American and British grammar can also be different. For example, speakers of British English will ask “What did you do at the weekend?”, but Americans usually say “on the weekend”. In the United States people usually say “I’ve gotten a new bike”, but in the UK, they will say “I’ve just got a new bike”.
The pronunciation in American and British English is also different, even when the spelling is the same. The word “tomato” is a classic example of this.
English is different in different parts of the world. Learning all these is not easy, so English learners should just know that they are always there.
1—2题完成句子;3—4题简略回答问题。
41.English is spoken as the language in 12 countries.
42.British English and American English are different in vocabulary, grammar and .
43.What’s the biggest difference between American and British English?
44.Why does the writer talk about “tomato” in Paragraph 4?
45.Do you know any other differences between British English and American English? What are they?
6
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Unit 2 Learning English is fun!(复习讲义)
复习要点
1、围绕 “Learning English is fun” 主题,复习询问对英语的看法、英语学习方法、颜色与情绪表达、英美英语差异相关句型,掌握谈论学习感受、描述色彩寓意的语言表达。
2、重点掌握可数名词与不可数名词的定义、复数变化规则、量词搭配及主谓一致用法。
3、熟练掌握动名词作主语、It 作形式主语、find 复合宾语三类核心句式,能准确辨析 - ing 与 - ed 形容词、动作与结果类动词短语。
4、能撰写喜爱的颜色小短文、英语学习心得短文、介绍英语学习技巧的简单英文海报,规范运用本单元名词规则、形容词辨析及核心句型。
复习重难点
重点:可数名词与不可数名词分类及用法;动名词、形式主语固定句型;色彩情绪词汇与英语学习类短语。
难点:名词复数特殊变形、不可数名词量词结构易出错;-ing/-ed 形容词语境混用;写作中正确运用名词单复数、句式完整表达观点。
单元考点:单词、短语、句型
知识点1:Li Ming meets up with his cousin Li Jing.李明和他的表姐(表妹 / 堂姐 / 堂妹)李晶见面。(教材P16)
① meet up with sb:动词短语,此处含义为和某人碰面、相聚、会面;此短语常用于口语,但更侧重朋友熟人相约见面。
用法:meet up with 后跟人,meet up at/in 后跟地点。
例句:Li Ming meets up with his cousin Li Jing. 李明和他的堂 / 表姐妹李晶相约见面。
We plan to meet up at the park. 我们打算在公园和露西碰面。
【词形变化】
三单:meets up with 过去式:met up with 过去分词:met up with 现在分词:meeting up with
【同义替换】
up 在meet up with 短语中的意思为:碰面、相聚;召集、凑到一起。
meet up with sb=get together with sb 和某人相聚
例句:We get together with relatives in Spring Festival.春节我们和亲人们相聚。
【易错提醒】
短语
含义
核心区别
中考例句
meet sb
遇见;结识;迎接
偶遇,约见;通用,正式非正式都可以
I met her on the street. 我在街上偶遇了她。
meet up with sb
相约碰头、相聚
事先约定,非正式,朋友之间
I meet up with my best friend every holiday.
我每个假期都和好友相聚。
meet with sb
会晤;遭遇
①正式会面(领导人、谈判);②遭遇(困难、麻烦)
The leader met with visitors. 领导会见来访者。
He met with many difficulties. 他遭遇很多困难。
【即时小练】
I often ____ my old classmates on weekends. We make plans ahead of time.
A. meet B. meet up with C. meet with D.met up with
【答案】B
【解析】make plans ahead of time 提前计划,说明是约好碰面,选 meet up with。
知识点2:You are amazing.你真了不起。(教材P16)
1 amazing /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/adj. 令人大为惊奇的;了不起的;绝妙的。
【单词变形】amaze v. 使惊奇;使惊愕 amazing adj. 令人惊奇的 amazed adj. 感到惊奇的
amazement n. [U] 惊奇,惊愕
amazing adj. 令人惊奇的 修饰事物,主语多为物 。
amazed adj. 感到惊奇的 修饰人,主语多为人。
口诀:ing“令人……” 修饰物;ed“感到……” 修饰人
【固定搭配】
(1)be amazed at sth 对…… 感到惊讶(人作主语)
(2)be amazed to do sth 很惊讶地做……
(3)to one’s amazement 令某人惊讶的是
(4)It is amazing that… …… 令人吃惊(it 作形式主语)
【易混辨析】
单词
词义与语气
使用场景
amazing
令人惊叹的,了不起的
口语、书面都可用;夸赞人、事物,褒义
surprising
令人吃惊的
侧重 “出乎意料”,中性,可好可坏
wonderful
极好的,绝妙的
侧重美好、愉快,多用于体验、时光
fantastic
极好的,了不起的
口语,语气更强,书面表达高分词
【即时小练】
We were ____ at the ____ news.
A. amazed; amazing B. amazing; amazed C. amazed; amazed D.amazing; amazing 【答案】A
【解析】第一空主语 we 人,be amazed at “感到惊讶”;第二空修饰 news 事物,用 amazing “令人吃惊的”。
知识点3:You know the meaning of class and room.你知道 class 和 room 这两个单词的意思。(教材P16)
1 meaning n. 意思,含义;意义(名词)
【单词变形】mean 动词原形-meant动词过去式-meant过去分词 meaning n. 意思(单数)-meanings(复数)
meaningful adj. 有意义的(形容词)-meaningless adj. 无意义的,徒劳的(反义词)
词根拆解:mean(动词:意味)+ ing → meaning(名词:含义)
【固定搭配】
(1)the meaning of the word 单词的意思
What’s the meaning of this sentence?这个句子是什么意思?
(2) know the meaning of… 知道…… 的含义
Do you know the meaning of this idiom? 你知道这个成语的意思吗?
(3) with meaning 带有深意
(4) full of meaning 富有内涵
【知识拓展】
(1)mean sth 意思是某物 What does this word mean?
(2)mean to do sth 打算 / 有意做某事 I mean to help you. 我打算帮你。
(3)mean doing sth 意味着做某事Missing the bus means waiting for another hour.错过这班车意味着再等一小时。
【易错辨析】
单词
侧重点
例句
meaning
侧重单词、句子、符号的字面 “释义”
the meaning of “classroom” classroom 的词义
sense
侧重语境中的理解、语感、抽象感觉
make sense 有道理;讲得通
It makes no sense. 这毫无道理。
1.Missing the train means ____ for two hours.
A. wait B. to wait C. waiting D. waited
【答案解析】C
【详解】mean doing sth 意味着做某事;mean to do 打算做。此处表示 “意味着等待”,用 doing。
知识点4:There are only 26 letters in English, but the 26 letters can make more than one million words.(教材P18)
1 There be…表示某地存在有某物 / 某人,强调 “存在”。
【句型结构】
(1)单数 / 不可数:There is + 单数名词 / 不可数名词 + 地点状语
(2)复数:There are + 复数名词 + 地点状语
【句型变化】 1. 肯定句:There is a book on the desk.桌上有一本书。
2. 否定句:be 后加 not There isn’t a book on the desk. 桌上没有书。
3. 一般疑问句:be 提前 Is there a book on the desk? Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t.
4. 特殊疑问句 How many books are there on the desk? 桌上有多少本书?
【黄金规则】
be 动词单复数由离它最近的名词决定(就近原则):
There is a pen and two rulers.(就近 a pen 单数→is)
There are two rulers and a pen.(就近 two rulers 复数→are)
【拓展变形】
There will be… 将会有(一般将来时)There will be a meeting tomorrow. 明天将会有一场会议。
There is going to be… 将要发生……
There used to be… 过去曾经有There used to be a park here. 这里以前有一个公园。
【易混辨析】
句型
含义
核心区别
例句
There be
某地存在有
客观存在,无主语
There is a cat in the room. 房间里有一只猫。
have/has
某人拥有
主语是人 / 物,表所属
I have a cat. 我有一只猫。
2 more /mɔː(r)/det. & pron. 更多的 adv. 更;更多
【单词变形】more 是 many /much 的比较级 many(修饰可数复数)→ more much(修饰不可数)→ more
【句型结构】
1) more + 可数名词复数 / 不可数名词(更多……)more books 更多书;more water 更多水
2) 数字 + more + 名词 = another + 数字 + 名词(额外再多几个)
two more apples = another two apples 再多两个苹果
3) more than = over 超过,多于(原句用到:more than one million 一百多万)反义词 less than 少于
4) A + be + more + 多音节形容词 + than B She is more beautiful than me.
【固定搭配】
more than 超过;不仅仅 less than 少于(反义词组) more or less 或多或少
more and more 越来越…… one more time 再来一次
3 million /ˈmɪljən/ 数词:百万
【句型结构】
1) 前面有具体数字(one/two/three…)
million 不加 s,后面不加 of two million words 两百万个单词
2) 前面无具体数字,表模糊概念 “数百万的”
millions 加 s,后面必须加 of millions of people 数百万人
口诀:有数字,无 s 无 of;无数字,加 s 加 of
【知识拓展】
hundred(百): two hundred (两百) hundreds of (成百上千的)
thousand(千):two thousand (两千) thousands of (数千的)
billion(十亿): three billion 三十亿;billions of 数十亿的
【即时小练】
1.____ visitors come to the park every year.
A. Million of B. Millions of C. Two millions D. Two millions of
【答案解析】B
【详解】句意:每年数百万游客来这个公园。
A. 少 s,错误;B.Millions of 数百万,模糊数量,正确;C. 有具体数字 two,million 不能加 s;
D. 既有数字又加 s 加 of,双重错误。故选B。
2.There ____ a pencil and three notebooks in my schoolbag.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
【答案解析】A
【详解】句意:我的书包里有一支铅笔和三个笔记本。
A.is:遵循就近原则,最近名词 a pencil 单数,用 is,正确;
B.are:后面复数名词不影响,就近原则不用 are;
C.have、D.has:there be 不能和 have 混用,直接排除。故选A。
3.We need ____ chairs for the party. We already have five.
A. two more B. more two C. another two D. A and C
【答案解析】D
句意:我们派对还需要两把椅子,我们已经有五把了。 选项解析: A.two more chairs 正确结构; B.more two 语序错误; C.another two chairs 等同 two more chairs,正确; D.A 和 C 都对,选 D。
知识点5:You don’t even need to move any letters around.你甚至都不需要打乱调换任何字母的顺序。(教材P18)
1 need v. 需要;modal v. 必须(情态动词);n. 需要,需求(名词)
【单词变形】第三人称单数:needs 现在分词:needing 过去式:needed 过去分词:needed
【句式结构】
need 作实义动词
(1)need to do sth 需要去做某事(主语是人)
例句:I need to finish my homework. 我需要写完作业。
(2)need sth 需要某物
例句: I need a pen. 我需要一支钢笔。
(3)否定 / 疑问要借助助动词 do/does/did
✅ 否定:don’t /doesn’t /didn’t need to do原句:You don’t even need to move… 就是这个结构
✅ 疑问:Do you need to go now?
(4) need doing = need to be done(主语是物)
The room needs cleaning. = The room needs to be cleaned. 这个房间需要被打扫。
need 作情态动词(只用于否定句、疑问句,极少用在肯定句)
(1)need + 动词原形 do
(2)否定:needn’t do = don’t have to do 不必做
(3)疑问:Need sb do…?
(5) need doing = need to be done(主语是物)
The room needs cleaning. = The room needs to be cleaned. 这个房间需要被打扫。
· needn’t = 不必(语气委婉) mustn’t = 禁止,不准
例: —Must I go now? 我必须现在走吗? —No, you needn’t. / No, you don’t have to. 不,不必。
need 作名词 n. 需求,需要
· 复数:needs
固定搭配:in need 在危难中;有需要的 A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真
【易混辨析】
辨析维度
结构
含义 / 规则
例句
实义动词 vs 情态动词
don't need to do
不需要(实义动词,加 to)
He doesn't need to come.
needn't do
不必(情态动词,不加 to)
He needn't come.
needn't vs mustn't
needn't
不必(语气委婉,允许不做)
You needn't finish it today.
mustn't
禁止,不准(语气强硬,不许做)
You mustn't smoke here.
人作主语 vs 物作主语
sb need to do
人需要去做(主动)
I need to clean the room.
sth need doing
某物需要被……(被动含义)
The room needs cleaning.
回答 must 疑问句
肯定回答:Yes, you must.
是的,必须
—Must I go? —Yes, you must.
否定回答:No, you needn't.
不,不必
—Must I go? —No, you needn't.
【即时小练】
1.The car needs ____.
A. wash B. to wash C. washing D. washed
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这辆车需要清洗。
解析:事物作主语,need doing 表被动 = needs to be washed,选 C。
知识点6:Do you know the meaning of the phrase a piece of cake? 你知道短语 a piece of cake 的意思吗?(教材P18)
piece /piːs/n. 片;碎片;一件
【单词变形】单数:piece 复数:pieces
piece 属于量词,用来修饰不可数名词, a piece of + 不可数名词
变复数:数词(two ,three…)+ pieces of + 不可数名词
例: a piece of bread 一片面包 two pieces of bread 两片面包
【固定搭配】
短语
中文释义
例句
a piece of cake
一块蛋糕;(俚语)小菜一碟
The test is a piece of cake.
a piece of paper
一张纸
Write it on a piece of paper.
a piece of bread
一片面包
I’d like a piece of bread.
a piece of news
一则消息 / 一条新闻
It’s a good piece of news.
a piece of advice
一条建议
Can you give me a piece of advice?
a piece of music
一首乐曲
He played a beautiful piece of music.
a piece of wood
一块木头
Pick up a piece of wood.
【易混辨析】
1. 只变 piece,后面不可数名词永远不加 s
✅ three pieces of water
❌ three pieces of waters
【即时小练】
1.Could you give me two ____ of paper?
A. piece B. pieces C. piece’s D. pieces’
【答案解析】B
【详解】句意:你能给我两张纸吗?
解析:two 后面量词 piece 要用复数 pieces,所有格形式 C、D 完全不适用,选 B。
知识点7:What would you like for hot pot, Jack?杰克,你想吃点什么涮火锅?(教材P20)
would like 想要;would like 整体是情态动词短语,没有人称、单复数变化 would 是 will 的过去式,此处表委婉客气语气。
【词形变化】
1) 无人称变化:无论主语是 I/you/he/she/we/they,一律用 would like,没有 would likes 这种三单形式。
2) 缩写形式:I’d like = I would like You’d like / He’d like / She’d like / We’d like / They’d like
3) 否定形式:would not like,缩写 wouldn’t like 不想要
【固定搭配】
结构
含义
例句
would like + 名词 / 代词
想要某物
I would like a bowl of rice.
would like to do sth
想要做某事(必考)
She’d like to visit Chengdu.
would like sb to do sth
想要某人做某事
I’d like you to help me.
【易混辨析】
would like 和 want 的区别
would like 语气非常委婉、礼貌,多用于点餐、发出邀请、客气请求,是社交礼貌用语;want 语气直接直白,就是普通表达 “想要”,日常随口说话使用。
结构上二者可以同义替换,但是搭配保持一致:
I’d like to have mushrooms. = I want to have mushrooms.
重点注意:would like 后面只能接 to do,绝对不能接 doing,这是高频错题点。
Would you like…? 回答答语
对方问:Would you like some tofu?
肯定回答:Yes, please.
否定回答:No, thank you. / No, thanks.
【即时小练】
1.Tom would like ____ out for hot pot this evening.
A. go B. to go C. going D. goes
【答案解析】B
【详解】句意:汤姆今晚想出去吃火锅。
固定搭配 would like to do sth 想要做某事,不定式作宾语,选 B。
知识点8:Maybe it looks like a big egg?我喜欢学习中国语言与文化。(教材P20)
maybe 副词,也许、或许
【词形变化】
maybe 是副词 adv.,无比较级、最高级,无单复数、时态变形,形式永远不变。
词根拆分:may(可以,情态动词)+ be(是)→ 合成副词 maybe
【固定搭配】
1 通常放在句首。Maybe he is right. 或许他是对的。
2 也可放句中或句末(口语)It is maybe a cat. = It is a cat, maybe.
【易混辨析】
maybe = may be;
maybe(副词):作状语
may be(情态动词 + be 动词):作句子谓语
例句: Maybe it is a big egg. = It may be a big egg. 或许它是一颗大鸡蛋。
look(感官系动词)+ like(介词),整体动词短语:看起来像……
【词形变化】三单:looks like;过去式 / 过去分词:looked like
【易混辨析】
look like /be like /look 区别
(1) look like 侧重外貌、外形长得像,回答要用长相描述;
(2) be like 侧重性格、人品怎么样;
(3) look 单独使用是 “看起来……”,后面加形容词,不能加名词。
例句:
1.—What does she look like? 她长什么样?
—She is tall.
2.—What is she like? 她性格怎么样?
—She is kind.
3.It looks beautiful. 它看起来很漂亮。
【知识拓展】
look after 照顾;look for 寻找;look forward to 期待;look through 浏览;look up 查阅(词典)
【即时小练】
1.It ____ a big apple.
A. look like B. looks like C. may be like D.looked like
【答案解析】B
【详解】句意:它看起来像一个大苹果。
主语 it 是第三人称单数,look 变为三单 looks,固定短语 looks like,选 B。
2.—What ____ your sister ____ like?
—She has long hair.
A. do; look B. does; look C. is; look D.has ;look
【答案解析】B
【详解】你妹妹长什么样子?她留着长头发。
固定句型 What does sb look like 询问外貌,主语 your sister 单数助动词用 does,后面动词还原 look,选 B。
知识点9:In English, some colour words can show people’s feelings.在英语中,一些颜色类词汇可以表达人们的情绪。(教材P22)
feeling/ˈfiːlɪŋ/感情
【词形变化】
(1) feel v. 感觉;觉得;触摸 过去式 / 过去分词:felt,现在分词:feeling
(2) feeling n.感情 复数:feelings 多种情绪、感情
【固定搭配】
hurt one’s feelings 伤害某人的感情 have a good feeling 有种好预感;心情很好
mixed feelings 复杂的心情 express one’s feelings 表达某人的情绪
lose one’s feeling 失去知觉、麻木 a strange feeling 一种奇怪的感觉
deep feelings 深厚的情感
【易混辨析】
feel /feeling/feelings 三层区分
1 feel 只能作动词,意思是 “感到、触摸”,后面接形容词;
2 feeling 单数名词,侧重感官、单次感受;
3 feelings 复数名词,侧重心理情感。
【即时小练】
1.He ____ tired yesterday because of too much work.
A. feeling B. felt C. feels D.feel
【答案解析】B
【详解】句意:因为太多工作,他昨天感觉很累。
详解:yesterday 为过去时,动词 feel 的过去式是 felt。故选B。
知识点10: I hope to become a good English learner. 我既有体育课,又有语文课!(教材P24)
hope,/həʊp/ v. 希望
【词形变化】
1) hope v. 希望 三单形式:hopes 过去式 / 过去分词:hoped 现在分词:hoping
2) hope n. 希望(不可数) hopeful 满怀希望的;hopeless 无望的,绝望的
【固定搭配】
hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to visit England. 我希望去英国游览。
hope + that 宾语从句 希望…… I hope (that) I can pass the exam.我希望我能通过考试。
hope for sth 期盼某物 / 某事发生 We hope for good weather. 我们期盼好天气。
【易混辨析】hopeful vs hopeless
· hopeful 形容人 “抱有希望的、充满信心的”;
· hopeless 形容事情 “毫无希望的、无可救药的”。
He is hopeful about his future. 他对未来满怀希望。
It’s a hopeless problem. 这是个无解的难题。
【即时小练】
1.I hope ____ a top English learner.
A. become B. to become C. becoming D. became
【答案解析】B
【详解】句意:我希望成为一名顶尖的英语学习者。
固定搭配 hope to do sth 希望做某事,不定式作宾语。故选B。
知识点11: Don’t be afraid to make mistakes!我既有体育课,又有语文课!(教材P24)
afraid形容词 adj. 害怕的;担心的
· fear n. 害怕,恐惧(名词)
· fearful adj. 担心的,可怕的
· fearless adj. 无畏的,大胆的
【固定搭配】
· be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 Don’t be afraid to speak English. 别怕开口说英语。
· be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事 I’m afraid of falling down. 我担心会摔倒。
· be afraid + that 从句 恐怕……;担心…… I’m afraid (that) I can’t help you. 恐怕我帮不了你。
【即时小练】
1.Don’t be afraid ____ mistakes when you practice English.
A. make B. to make C. making D. made
【答案解析】B
【详解】句意:练习英语时不要害怕犯错。
详解:固定结构 be afraid to do sth 害怕 / 不敢做某事,不定式 to do 作补足语。故选B。
单元语法可数名词与不可数名词:
1、 名词定义
1、表示人、事物、地点、抽象概念的单词。
2、分类
按照能否直接一个一个计数,分为两类:
1 可数名词:能拆分个数,可以数清
2 不可数名词:物质、液体、抽象概念,无法直接逐个点数
二、可数名词的用法单数前面可以加 a / an,也可以加数词(one, two…)
1.可数名词的特征
有复数变形,单数、复数两种形式
可数名词的特征
单数名词一般不能单独孤零零使用,加冠词
2. 可数名词复数完整变化规则
规则变化
分类
变化规则
发音
举例
1
普通单词末尾直接加 s
清辅音后读 /s/;浊辅音 / 元音后读 /z/
cat→cats;dog→dogs;letter→letters
2
s /x/ch /sh 结尾,加 es
/ɪz/
class→classes;box→boxes;watch→watches
3
元音字母 + y 结尾,直接加 s
/z/
boy→boys;monkey→monkeys
4
辅音字母 + y 结尾,变 y 为 i 再加 es
/ɪz/
city→cities;library→libraries
5
o 结尾:有生命加 es,无生命加 s
/z/
无生命:photo→photos;radio→radios有生命:tomato→tomatoes;potato→potatoes
6
f /fe 结尾,去掉 f/fe,改为 ves
/vz/
knife→knives;life→lives;wife→wives
不规则变化
(1)单词整体变形
man → men woman → women child → children tooth → teeth foot → feet
(2)单复数完全同形(外形不变)
sheep 绵羊 → sheep Chinese 中国人 → Chinese Japanese 日本人 → Japanese
二、不可数名词的用法
1.不可数名词的特点不能加 a /an,不能直接搭配 one/two 等数词
没有复数形式,词尾永远不加 s
限定词只能用:much、little、a little、some、a lot of等
不可数名词的特点
不可数名词作句子主语时,后面的谓语动词必须用第三人称单数
2.不可数名词如何表达数量
复数只改变前面的量词,后面不可数名词保持原样
常用固定量词:a piece of 一张 / 一片 / 一条(paper, bread, news) a cup of 一杯(tea)
1. a glass of 一玻璃杯(juice, water) a bottle of 一瓶(water, cola)
3. 难点分析:一词两用(同一个单词可数 / 不可数意思不同)
单词
不可数含义(表物质 / 统称)
可数含义(表个体 / 种类)
glass
玻璃
a glass 玻璃杯;glasses 眼镜
iron
铁
an iron 熨斗
tea
茶叶、茶水
a tea 一杯茶、一份茶点
water
水
waters 海域、近海
food
食物(总称)
foods 多种不同品类的食物
(时间:40分钟)
一、单项选择
1.—What does “AI” ________?
—Sorry, I don’t know. I think a dictionary can help us.
A.mean B.count C.speak D.like
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——“AI”是什么意思?——对不起,我不知道。我想字典能帮我们。
mean意味着;count数数;speak说话;like喜欢。根据答语“I think a dictionary can help us.”可知,查字典是为了了解词语的意思,询问意思用mean。
2.—About 2,000 students go to the sports fields and do exercises every morning.
—Wow, that’s ________.
A.modern B.quiet C.amazing D.cute
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——大约2000名学生每天早上去运动场做锻炼。——哇,那太令人惊叹了。
modern现代的;quiet安静的;amazing令人惊叹的;cute可爱的。根据“About 2,000 students go to the sports fields and do exercises every morning.”可知,运动的学生很多,并且能坚持每天锻炼,答语中的“Wow”表示惊叹,表明这件事是令人惊叹的。应填amazing。
3.—Why does time fly so fast when we are having fun?
—It’s a ________ of life, but we can make every moment meaningful.
A.fact B.habit C.secret D.problem
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——为什么当我们玩得开心时时间过得这么快?——这是生活的事实,但我们可以让每一刻都有意义。
fact事实;habit习惯;secret秘密;problem问题。“快乐时时光飞逝”是生活中普遍存在的客观现象,是一种事实,故用fact。
4.—I lost my pen, so I ________ to buy one to finish my homework.
—Here you are. I have two pens.
A.need B.use C.know D.spell
【答案】A
【详解】句意:—我丢了钢笔,所以我需要买一支来完成我的作业。—给你。我有两支钢笔。
need需要;use使用;know知道;spell拼写。根据“I lost my pen”及“to buy one to finish my homework”可知,因为丢了笔所以需要买一支,need to do sth.“需要做某事”,need符合语境。
5.—What drinks do we need for our class party?
—Let’s get some ________.
A.carton of juice B.cartons of juices C.carton of juices D.cartons of juice
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——我们的班级聚会需要什么饮料?——我们买几箱果汁吧。
some后接可数名词复数或不可数名词。carton是可数名词,意为“箱”,此处表示复数,用cartons;juice是不可数名词,意为“果汁”,无复数形式,故结构为some cartons of juice。
6.— ________ does your father go shopping?
—Seldom. ________ he goes shopping once or twice a year.
A.How often; May be B.How often; Maybe
C.How long; May be D.How long; Maybe
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你爸爸多久购一次物?——很少。或许他一年购物一到两次。
How often多久一次,用于询问动作发生的频率;How long多长时间,用于询问时长;May be是情态动词may加动词原形be,可作谓语;Maybe是副词,意为“也许、或许”,放在句首作状语。答句Seldom属于频率回应,第一空要用How often提问;第二空位于句首修饰整个句子,需要副词Maybe。
7.—Don’t be scared. Don’t be ________.
—OK, I will smile big.
A.happy B.bad C.red D.blue
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——别害怕。别忧郁。——好的,我会开怀大笑。
happy快乐的;bad坏的;red红色的;blue蓝色的;忧郁的。根据答语“OK, I will smile big.”可知,说话人鼓励对方振作起来,不要难过,英语中常用blue形容情绪“忧郁的”,符合语境。
8.We need some ________for our hot pot. It’s from China.
A.tofu B.eggplant C.mushrooms D.cabbage
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我们需要一些豆腐来做火锅。它来自中国。
tofu豆腐;eggplant茄子;mushrooms蘑菇;cabbage卷心菜。豆腐是中国传统食材,常用来做火锅,且“from China”暗示食物源自中国,tofu符合这一文化背景。
9.Don’t be afraid ________ make mistakes when you speak English.
A.of B.to C.for D.with
【答案】B
【详解】句意:说英语时不要害怕去犯错误。
of……的;to去;for为了;with和。be afraid to do sth.意为“害怕做某事”,后接动词原形;be afraid of doing sth.后接动名词。根据空后make为动词原形,应填to。
10.Listening to English songs can make you ________ confident.
A.feel B.to feel C.feeling D.feels
【答案】A
【详解】句意:听英文歌曲能让你感到自信。
make sb. do sth.意为“使某人做某事”,后接不带to的不定式,因此空处应填动词原形feel。
二、完形填空
Li Ming and Jack are at a supermarket. They want to buy food for 11 pot. Jack would like some vegetables and 12 . They talk about interesting food words. Li Ming asks, “Why does eggplant have ‘egg’ in it?” Jack says, “Maybe it looks like a big 13 .” Li Ming says, “But mushrooms don’t look like rooms, and 14 don’t look like tables.” They also talk about hot pot and tofu. These words are from 15 .
In English, some colour words can show people’s 16 . Blue means “sad”, green means “ 17 ”, yellow means “scared”, and red means “angry”. In China, red is a 18 colour. People like to wear red clothes. Colours have different meanings in different 19 . We should know these differences. Li Ming and Jack buy some tofu and vegetables. Then they go home to 20 their hot pot.
11.A.hot B.cold C.cool D.warm
12.A.fruit B.meat C.juice D.milk
13.A.room B.egg C.table D.pot
14.A.vegetables B.eggs C.mushrooms D.potatoes
15.A.English B.Chinese C.Japanese D.American
16.A.feelings B.colours C.foods D.hobbies
17.A.happy B.sick C.sad D.angry
18.A.sad B.happy C.scared D.sick
19.A.families B.schools C.cultures D.cities
20.A.cook B.buy C.sell D.wash
【答案】
11.A 12.B 13.B 14.A 15.B 16.A 17.B 18.B 19.C 20.A
【导语】文章讲述李明和杰克在超市购买火锅食材,讨论食物单词由来及颜色词在不同文化中的含义,最后回家煮火锅。
【详解】11.句意:他们想买食物做火锅。
根据后文“They also talk about hot pot”可知,此处指hot pot(火锅)。cold冷的,cool凉爽的,warm温暖的,无法构成常见食物搭配且不符合后文语境。
12.句意:杰克想要一些蔬菜和肉。
根据“buy food for hot pot”及常识,火锅食材通常为蔬菜和肉类,meat“肉”符合语境。fruit水果,juice果汁,milk牛奶,非火锅典型主食材。
13.句意:杰克说,“也许它看起来像一个大鸡蛋。”
根据前句“Why does eggplant have ‘egg’ in it”,茄子名字含 egg,故推测像egg。room 房间,table桌子,pot锅,与egg单词无关联。
14.句意:李明说,“但是蘑菇不像房间,蔬菜也不像桌子。”
根据“mushrooms...rooms”构词逻辑,vegetable含table,符合语境。eggs鸡蛋,mushrooms蘑菇,potatoes土豆,单词中不含table,不符合逻辑。
15.句意:这些词来自中文。
根据“hot pot and tofu”及李明身份,可知源自中文,Chinese“中文”符合语境。English英语,Japanese日语,American美式英语,不符合食物起源常识。
16.句意:在英语中,颜色词可以展示人们的情感。
根据后文“sad...angry”可知指情绪感受,feelings“情感”符合语境。colours颜色,foods食物,hobbies爱好,与后文列举的情绪词不符。
17.句意:蓝色意味着“悲伤”,绿色意味着“生病”,黄色意味着“恐惧”,红色意味着“生气”。
根据英语习惯用法,green常指脸色不好或生病,sick“生病”符合语境。happy高兴,sad悲伤,angry生气,不符合语境。
18.句意:在中国,红色是一种喜庆的颜色。
根据“People like to wear red clothes”及中国文化,红色代表喜庆快乐,happy“高兴的”符合语境。sad悲伤,scared害怕,sick生病,为负面情绪,不符合语境。
19.句意:颜色在不同文化中有不同含义。
根据前文对比英语和中国,可知指不同国家文化,cultures“文化”符合语境。families家庭,schools学校,cities城市,不符合文意。
20.句意:然后他们回家煮火锅。
根据“buy some tofu and vegetables”后回家,目的是做饭,cook“煮”符合语境。buy买,sell卖,wash洗,不符合回家目的。
三、阅读理解
There are only 26 letters in English, but the 26 letters can make more than one million words. Look at this word: level. You can read it left to right or right to left — it’s the same word! The word therein has ten words in it. You don’t even need to move any letters around. Do you know the meaning of the phrase a piece of cake? It means easy. This sentence uses all 26 letters: The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. There are many more amazing facts about English. Have fun with English!
21.How many letters are there in English?
A.24 B.25 C.26 D.27
22.What is special about the word “level”?
A.It can be read the same forwards and backwards.
B.It has 10 words in it.
C.It means “easy”.
D.It is a long word.
23.What does “a piece of cake” mean?
A.difficult B.easy C.interesting D.boring
24.Which sentence uses all 26 English letters?
A.I like English very much.
B.The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.
C.How do you like English?
D.Have fun with English!
25.Which of the following is NOT true?
A.26 letters can make more than one million words.
B.“Therein” has 10 words in it.
C.“Level” is the same forwards and backwards.
D.All English phrases are easy to understand.
【答案】21.C 22.A 23.B 24.B 25.D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了一些关于英语的有趣事实,包括26个字母可以组成超过一百万个单词、单词“level”正反拼写相同的特点、短语“a piece of cake”的具体含义,以及包含全部26个英文字母的经典句子。
【详解】21.文章第一句明确指出:“There are only 26 letters in English”,直接说明英语中只有26个字母。
22.文中在介绍单词“level”时提到:“You can read it left to right or right to left — it’s the same word!”,这说明该单词无论是从左向右还是从右向左读都是一样的,即正向和反向读相同。
23.文中通过设问与回答给出了解释:“Do you know the meaning of the phrase a piece of cake? It means easy.”,明确指出“a piece of cake”这个短语的意思是“容易的”。
24.文章中明确指出:“This sentence uses all 26 letters: The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.”,直接对应了包含全部26个英文字母的具体句子。
25.题目要求选出描述不正确的一项。A、B、C三项在原文中均有直接对应的原句作为事实依据。而关于D项,文中仅提及“a piece of cake”的意思是容易,并未表述过“所有的英语短语都很容易理解”(All English phrases are easy to understand),该选项属于无中生有。
四、单词拼写
26.The notebooks ________ (意味着) much to Millie because they keep many stories of her family members.
【答案】
mean
【详解】句意:这些笔记本对米莉来说意义重大,因为它们记录了许多她家庭成员的故事。句子的主语是The notebooks,复数形式。根据主谓一致原则,且句子描述的是客观事实(由后半句的keep可知时态为一般现在时),谓语动词应使用原形,mean动词“意味着”,mean much to sb.意思是“对某人来说很重要/对某人意义重大”。故填mean。
27.What an ________ (令人大为惊奇的) movie it is! I want to watch it again.
【答案】amazing
【详解】句意:这是一部多么精彩的电影啊!我想再看一遍。根据括号内的中文提示,amazing令人大为惊奇的, 形容词作定语修饰名词movie。故填amazing。
28.What do we ________ (需要) to know about a new friend?
【答案】
need
【详解】句意:关于一位新朋友,我们需要了解些什么?句子里的助动词do后面需要跟动词原形,“需要”对应的英文单词是need。
29.She often makes some careless ________ (错误) in exams.
【答案】mistakes
【详解】句意:她经常在考试中犯一些粗心的错误。“错误”可用名词mistake表示,前有some修饰,应填复数mistakes。
30.When I put it on, I have a ________ (感觉) of travelling back to the old times.
【答案】feeling
【详解】句意:当我穿上它时,我有一种回到过去的感觉。feeling“感觉”,为名词,a后接单数名词。
31.The ________ (卷心菜) are so fresh. We can buy some to make pies.
【答案】cabbages
【详解】句意:卷心菜很新鲜。我们可以买一些做馅饼。由所给的汉语提示可知,“卷心菜”译成:cabbage,由“are”可知,此处使用复数形式cabbages。故填cabbages。
32.It’s good to brush ________ (牙齿) in the morning and evening.
【答案】teeth
【详解】句意:早晚刷牙是好习惯。根据汉语提示可知,tooth“牙齿”,不止一个牙齿,用复数teeth。
33.One, two, three... There are 20 ________ (绵羊) on the farm.
【答案】
sheep
【详解】句意:一、二、三……农场里有20只绵羊。 括号提示词义“绵羊”,对应名词sheep;该单词属于单复数同形名词,前面有数词20修饰,仍使用sheep,因此填sheep。
34.My _________ (同学) Lily often helps me with my math homework.
【答案】classmate
【详解】句意:我的同学莉莉经常帮我做数学作业。 “同学”对应的英文单词是classmate,后文Lily是单人,用单数即可。
35.Simon gives me some ________ about how to match trousers and shoes. (例子)
【答案】examples
【详解】句意:西蒙给了我一些例子关于如何搭配裤子和鞋子。 根据汉语提示可知,example例子,是可数名词;some后接可数名词复数,因此此处用example的复数形式examples。故填examples。
五、完成句子
36.Look at this tomato. (改为复数句)
Look at ________ ________.
【答案】
these
tomatoes
【详解】句意:看这个西红柿。变为复数句,this要变为复数these;tomato要变为复数tomatoes。
37.She needs to go to the library. (改为否定句)
She ________ ________ to go to the library.
【答案】
doesn’t
need
【详解】句意:她需要去图书馆。原句中实义动词“needs”后接动词不定式“to go”,实义动词变否定句需借助助动词do/does。主语“She”是第三人称单数,故助动词用doesn’t;使用助动词后,谓语动词“needs”需恢复原形need。故填doesn’t;need。
38.I like English idioms very much. (改为一般疑问句)
________ you ________ English idioms very much?
【答案】 Do like
【详解】句意:我非常喜欢英语习语。原句是一般现在时,谓语动词like是实义动词,改为一般疑问句时,需借助助动词do放在句首,首字母大写,原句中的动词like恢复原形,第一人称I改为第二人称you。
39.There are some strawberries in the box. (改为否定句)
There ________ ________ strawberries in the box.
【答案】 aren’t any
【详解】句意:盒子里有一些草莓。改为否定句时,用于肯定句的限定词some要改写为用于否定句的any,同时将be动词are改为否定缩写形式aren’t。
40.I would like some vegetables for hot pot.(改为一般疑问句)
________ you ________ some vegetables for hot pot?
【答案】 Would like
【详解】句意:我想要一些蔬菜做火锅。would是情态动词,变一般疑问句的规则是:把情态动词would提前到句首(首字母大写),主语后的动词like保持原形不变。
六、任务型阅读
English is the first language of about 400 million people and the mother language of 12 countries. However, it has many differences. British, American and South African English are all spoken differently. In many English language courses, the British and American differences are taught. One is not more correct than the other, but there are important differences between the two.
Probably the biggest difference between American and British English is the vocabulary. Different words are used to talk about the same thing. For example, in the United States, people throw their garbage into the trash can. In England, people throw their rubbish into the dustbin. In Britain, people take a lift to the fifth floor. In America, people take an elevator.
American and British grammar can also be different. For example, speakers of British English will ask “What did you do at the weekend?”, but Americans usually say “on the weekend”. In the United States people usually say “I’ve gotten a new bike”, but in the UK, they will say “I’ve just got a new bike”.
The pronunciation in American and British English is also different, even when the spelling is the same. The word “tomato” is a classic example of this.
English is different in different parts of the world. Learning all these is not easy, so English learners should just know that they are always there.
1—2题完成句子;3—4题简略回答问题。
41.English is spoken as the language in 12 countries.
42.British English and American English are different in vocabulary, grammar and .
43.What’s the biggest difference between American and British English?
44.Why does the writer talk about “tomato” in Paragraph 4?
45.Do you know any other differences between British English and American English? What are they?
【答案】41.mother 42.pronunciation 43.The vocabulary. 44.To give us an example. 45.开放性试题,言之有理即可。参考答案为:Yes. For example, in British English, people say “autumn” while Americans say “fall”.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英语在不同地区 (以英式英语和美式英语为例) 存在诸多差异,包括词汇、语法和发音等方面,并指出这些差异没有对错之分,英语学习者应了解它们的存在。
【详解】41.根据第一段“English is the first language of about 400 million people and the mother language of 12 countries.”可知,英语是12个国家的母语;考查mother language“母语”,名词短语。故填mother。
42.根据第二段“Probably the biggest difference between American and British English is the vocabulary.”、第三段“American and British grammar can also be different.”以及第四段“The pronunciation in American and British English is also different, even when the spelling is the same.”可知,本文分别从“vocabulary”、“grammar”以及“pronunciation” 三个方面介绍了英式英语与美式英语的差异。故填pronunciation。
43.根据第二段“Probably the biggest difference between American and British English is the vocabulary.”可知,两者最大的差异是词汇。故填The vocabulary.
44.根据第四段“The pronunciation in American and British English is also different, even when the spelling is the same.”可知,英式英语和美式英语的发音也不同,即使拼写相同,随后以“tomato”为例,用以佐证观点;因此作者在此谈论“tomato”是为了给我们举例。故填To give us an example.
45.开放性试题,言之有理即可。参考答案为:Yes. For example, in British English, people say “autumn” while Americans say “fall”.
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