Units 3～4（语法综合练）英语新教材北师大版九年级上册

**基本信息** 以表格对比和功能分类构建代词与不定式系统复习体系，通过多题型训练实现语法知识向语言能力转化。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |代词复习|人称/物主/反身代词表格、不定代词用法对比|通过“格-数-功能”三维对比法辨析代词，结合常用词组强化反身代词应用|从基础代词分类到不定代词数量/范围逻辑，构建“指代关系-语境应用”递进链条| |不定式|构成/句法功能表格、固定句式归纳|按“主语-宾语-宾补-定语-状语”功能分类，提炼“疑问词+不定式”“形式主/宾语”等核心结构|从基本构成到复合句式，形成“语法规则-固定搭配-语境运用”的能力迁移路径|

专题01 Units3 ~4（语法综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 代词复习 考点1 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词 主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself 复数 we us our ours ourselves 第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself 复数 you you your yours yourselves 第三人称 单数 he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its its itself 复数 they them their theirs themselves 用法概述 作主语 作宾语 意为“……的” 相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词” 意为“……自己” 含反身代词的常用词组 动词之后 介词之后 enjoy oneself 玩得愉快 devote oneself （to）献身于 dress oneself 自己穿衣服 help oneself自取所需 hurt oneself伤害某人自己 lose oneself （in）沉溺于 teach oneself 自学 prove oneself 证明自己 behave oneself 举止得体 by oneself单独，独自 for oneself 为某人自己；亲自 look after oneself 照顾某人自己 smile to oneself 自己笑起来 keep sth. to oneself 保密 believe in oneself 相信某人自己 come to oneself 苏醒 say to oneself 自言自语 普通不定代词 1.表示数量的普通不定代词 不定代词 用法 相同点 some 多用于肯定句中 既可以代替或修饰可数名词,也可以代替或修饰不可数名词,意为“一些” 用在表示建议、请求或希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中 表示“某一”，相当于a certain，其后加单数可数名词，暗示不知道、不感兴趣、不重视等含义 any 多用于否定句、疑问句中或if/whether后，表示“任何数量，任一数额” few 表否定意义,意为“几乎没有” 代替或修饰可数名词复数 a few 表肯定意义,意为“一些，几个” little 表否定意义,意为“几乎没有” 代替或修饰不可数名词 a little 表肯定意义,意为“少量,一点” many 代替或修饰可数名词复数,意为“许多,大量” many、much都可以和so、too、how连用 much 代替或修饰不可数名词,意为“许多,大量” 2.both、all、either、neither与none 不定代词 用法 相同点 both 表示“两者都”,常见搭配 both...and...表示“……和……都”,连接并列主语时,谓语动词用复数形式 “both/all+of+名词/代词复数形式”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式；all与both作主语的同位语时，一般位于实义动词之前，系动词、助动词或情态动词之后 all 表示“三者或三者以上都” either 可单独使用，表示“两者中任何一个”。either...or...表示“或者……或者……”,连接并列主语时,谓语动词的人称和数遵循“就近一致”原则 “either/neither/none+of+名词/代词复数形式”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式或复数形式均可 neither 表示“两者都不”；neither...nor...表示“既不……也不……”,连接并列主语时,谓语动词的人称和数遵循“就近一致”原则 none 表示“三者或三者以上都不” 不定式 构成 肯定：(to)+动词原形，to 为不定式符号，本身无词义 否定：not (to)+动词原形 形式主语 It’s +adj.+(for/of) sb. to do sth. It’s useful to learn English. It’s kind ofyou to help me. 宾 语 及物动词后 decide/expect/want/agree... I have decided to study Japanese. 形式宾语 find/think it +adj.+to do sth. He finds it easy to speak English every day. 省 to Why not do...? Why don’t you do...? had better do... would rather do... please do... Why not go to the park? You’d better stay here. I’d rather stay at home. Please sit down. 宾 补 宾补 tell/ask/allow...sb to do He asks me to carry the box. 省 to feel//hear/listen to/let/make/have/ look at/see/watch/notice Let’s go. He makes me clean the room. 定语（后置） 起形容词的作用 He was the first to come to the room. 修饰 something/anything... Have you got something to drink? 状语 放在不及物动词后表目的 放在某些形容词后 He went to America to learn English. I’m glad to see you again. 疑问词+不定式 who/what/which/when...+to do Can you tell me how to get there? 不定式的否定 not/never+不定式 The teacher asks us not to swim in the river. 固定句式 too...to... He is too young to dress himself. enough to... He is old enough to go to school. It’s one’s turn to do sth. It’s my turn to clean the classroom. It takes sb. st. to do sth. It takes me two hours to finish the work. 一．单项选择 1．Nowadays, we find ________ convenient ________ with each other with mobile phones. A．it’s; to connect B．it’s; connect C．it; to connect D．it; connect 2．We share ________ snacks with ________. A．our; them B．ours; they C．our; they D．ours; them 3．— Is this pencil box _________? — No, it isn’t. It is not _________ pencil box. A．yours; my B．your, my C．yours, mine D．your, mine 4．Every day, students in our school clean the classrooms by ________  to develop good habits and learn some life skills. A．themselves B．ourselves C．yourselves D．itself 5．—Are ________ animals over there pigs? —Yes, they are. A．this B．that C．these D．those 6．—Which club do you want to join, the music club or the sports club? —________. I just want to learn something else. A．All B．None C．Neither D．Both 7．— I have tickets for the concert (音乐会). Are ________ of you interested in it? — All of us! Can we go? A．any B．some C．neither D．either 8．—Which dress would you like to buy? The red one or the yellow one? —It’s hard to decide. ________ of them looks nice on me. A．Both B．Either C．All D．Neither 9．—How do you like the books on the reading list? —________ of them are so interesting that I can’t put them down. A．Every B．All C．Neither D．Either 10．—Would you like some more orange juice? —No, thanks. There is still ________ left in the cup. A．few B．a few C．little D．a little 11．Please remember ________ hands before you start eating. A．wash B．washing C．to wash D．washed 12．It’s polite ________ your mouth closed while you are chewing food. A．keep B．to keep C．keeping D．kept 13．Could you tell me ________ make mashed potatoes? A．what to B．how to C．where to D．when to 14．________ to master the guitar, but with practice, anyone can do it. A．That is easy B．It is easy C．It is difficult D．That is difficult 15．Tom decided ________ a volunteer in the community centre. A．become B．to become C．becoming D．became 二．单句语法填空 16．The story is so interesting that it can hold children’s attention by ________ (it) easily. 17．Our teacher agreed with ________ (he) and praised his suggestion. 18．Teenagers should learn to take good care of ________ (they) and face difficulties bravely. 19．The teacher asked him to introduce ________(he) in English. 20．Is there ________ (something) special in today’s newspaper? 21．The balcony is theirs, ________ (they) balcony is big. 22．We are supposed ________ (write) about our personal qualities in the speech. 23．You need to read the book carefully to learn how ________ (operate) the machine and practise for a few times. 24．It’s time ________ (serve) the hot soup to our guests. 25．It’s your turn ________ (serve) the guests some hot tea. 三．完成句子 26．王磊学会了弹钢琴，还参加了学校的音乐会。 Wang Lei learned ________ ________ ________ ________ and took part in the school concert. 27．她鼓励我参加环境清洁活动。 She encouraged me ________ ________ part in the environmental cleaning activity. 28．他们正在讨论如何改善公共交通。 They are discussing how ________ ________ public transportation. 29．我们应该停止使用过多的一次性产品来保护环境。 We should stop using too many ________-________ products to ________ the environment. 30．新学期的第一天，再次见到他的同学们真是太高兴了。 On the first day of the new term, it was so great ________ ________ ________ ________ again. 31．你能告诉我如何应对这种困境吗？ Can you tell me how to ________ ________ this difficult situation? 32．有时他们把我误认为我妹妹。 Sometimes they ________ ________ for ________ sister. 33．现在，轮到你们介绍你们自己了。 Now, it’s ________ ________ to introduce yourselves. 34．尽管她比我小五岁，她对古典音乐的鉴赏力却远超于我。 Although she is ________ ________ ________ five years, her taste for classical music is ________ ________ ________ mine. 35．这是我们的英语老师。她叫刘玲。我们叫她刘老师。她非常和蔼。   This is our ________ ________. ________ name is Liu Ling. We ________ her Ms Liu. She is very ________. 一．语法选择 A A librarian in Indonesia is lending books to children in exchange for rubbish. They collect in an interesting way. This can greatly help clean up the environment and also make kids 1 more books. 2 kind-hearted lady! Each weekday, Raden Roro Hendarti rides 3 three-wheeler with books at the back for children in Muntang Village. These books 4 to exchange for plastic cups, bags, and other waste. She tells reporters that she is helping 5 develop the habit of reading books. At the same time, she wants them to realize the 6 of protecting the environment. Every time she 7 up, the children quickly surround (围绕) her “Rubbish Library”. Many of them are followed by their mothers 8 they all shout for their own favorite books. They are all carrying rubbish bags and Raden’s three-wheeler quickly fills up with them as the books fly out. She is pleased that the children are going to spend 9 time playing online games than before as a result. Hendarti collects about 100 kg of waste each week. 10 waste is then sorted by her colleagues (同事) and sent for recycling or being sold. In her library, there is a stock of 6,000 books. She wants to take the mobile service to neighboring areas, too. 1．A．read B．reading C．to read 2．A．How B．What C．What a 3．A．she B．hers C．her 4．A．use B．are used C．are using 5．A．child B．children C．children’s 6．A．importantly B．important C．importance 7．A．shows B．showed C．will show 8．A．and B．but C．so 9．A．little B．less C．the least 10．A．A B．An C．The B Early this morning we all went to the Future Hall to have our graduation ceremony. Our headmaster made a wonderful speech, and many of us 1 to tears. Now the ceremony is over. We will leave school soon. I feel very excited 2 I am one of the best graduates. At the same time I am a little sad because I have to say goodbye to my classmates and teachers. I want 3 some photos with them and I will give some gifts to my teachers as well. In the past three years, I 4 a great time at Red Star International School. I have learnt not only knowledge, but 5 to be a man. In the future, I will work much 6 . I hope I can be 7 astronaut when I grow up. Maria, Jane and Michael will go back to 8 hometowns tomorrow and I will see them off at the airport. We will keep in touch with each other 9 sending e-mails, making telephone calls, or writing letters. We will be good friends forever. I wish my classmates and teachers health, 10 and good luck. Hope to see them again soon! 1．A．are moved B．were moving C．were moved 2．A．because B．unless C．if 3．A．take B．to take C．taking 4．A．have B．had C．have had 5．A．how B．what C．who 6．A．hard B．harder C．hardest 7．A．a B．an C．the 8．A．they B．their C．them 9．A．on B．of C．by 10．A．happy B．happily C．happiness C Nobody’s journey is smooth. Life is full 1 unexpected things. So when you are in trouble, don’t lose heart. If you can smile at your life, everything 2 OK. Here is a story about it. At the age of four, Allan fell off a train and his eyes were 3 hurt. As a result, he could see nothing. It would be wonderful to see again, but bad luck might not be always bad. In fact, 4 Allan became blind, he learned to love his life more. But he had a hard time before he was successful. The 5 thing was to believe himself and it had to start with the simplest things. One day, a girl gave Allan a baseball. He thought she was fooling him. “I 6 use it,” he said. “Take it with you and roll it around,” the girl smiled and said. Her words got into 7 head. “Roll it around!” By rolling the ball Allan could hear 8 it went. This gave him an idea 9 something he never thought of—playing baseball. Years after that, he invented a successful game of baseball for the blind. It 10 “ground ball”. From then on, Allan began to smile at life and achieve more. 1．A．with B．of C．about 2．A．is B．had been C．will be 3．A．bad B．badly C．badness 4．A．although B．because C．until 5．A．hard B．harder C．hardest 6．A．shouldn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t 7．A．he B．him C．his 8．A．where B．what C．why 9．A．do B．to do C．doing 10．A．calls B．called C．was called 二．语法填空 A In my family, there are several rules that guide our daily lives. One important rule is that we must have dinner together without 1 (phone). I like this time because it gives us a chance to talk about our day. Last week, I told my parents that I 2 (regret) arguing with my friend. Then my dad gave me 3 (value) advice. I realized family talks are 4 (great) than any game or video. Another rule is taking responsibility 5 chores. I need to keep the house tidy, like taking out the trash 6 (prevent) bad smells and keep the house fresh. At first, I thought it was my parents’ job, 7 soon I realized it is everyone’s duty. Once, I forgot to take out the trash, and our kitchen smelled 8 (terrible) awful. My mom reminded me, “A small task can influence the whole family.” The 9 (three) rule is about respect and honesty. I 10 (educate) by my parents to speak politely to others. Lying is never allowed. Once, I broke a vase while I 11 (play) with a ball in the living room. I made the 12 (choose) to tell my parents the truth. I knew honesty never gets in the way 13 trust. These family rules are like 14 guide in my life. I know they 15 (support) me no matter what happens in the future. Maybe one day, when I have my own family, I’ll pass these rules on too! B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Language, 1 special sign of human culture, has a long history going back to ancient times. Every dialect (方言) is special and shows the history, culture and living 2 (habit) of local people. These dialects are changing little by little because they 3 (influence) by geography, society and business. With global communication increasing, it becomes more important to understand and treasure different kinds of languages. 4 education technology improves greatly, it is still hard for many students to learn more words well. The difficulties include not only remembering new words but also knowing how 5 (use) them correctly in daily talks and writing. Many people think rich vocabulary helps us communicate well and express our ideas 6 (clear). An important way is to read lots of books, newspapers and short articles often. Keeping a positive attitude also makes a big difference. It helps students learn words in different situations and understand them much 7 (good). After all, words are not simple marks. They show our ideas, feelings and the world we live in. Every language carries special cultural meanings. Protecting different languages 8 (be) also a way to keep traditional culture alive. However, plenty of ancient dialects 9 (disappear) in recent years. As countries become more connected, more language expressions 10 (continue) to spread from one to another in the coming years. We should love our own languages and respect different language cultures around the world. 4 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 Units3 ~4（语法综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 代词复习 考点1 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词 主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself 复数 we us our ours ourselves 第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself 复数 you you your yours yourselves 第三人称 单数 he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its its itself 复数 they them their theirs themselves 用法概述 作主语 作宾语 意为“……的” 相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词” 意为“……自己” 含反身代词的常用词组 动词之后 介词之后 enjoy oneself 玩得愉快 devote oneself （to）献身于 dress oneself 自己穿衣服 help oneself自取所需 hurt oneself伤害某人自己 lose oneself （in）沉溺于 teach oneself 自学 prove oneself 证明自己 behave oneself 举止得体 by oneself单独，独自 for oneself 为某人自己；亲自 look after oneself 照顾某人自己 smile to oneself 自己笑起来 keep sth. to oneself 保密 believe in oneself 相信某人自己 come to oneself 苏醒 say to oneself 自言自语 普通不定代词 1.表示数量的普通不定代词 不定代词 用法 相同点 some 多用于肯定句中 既可以代替或修饰可数名词,也可以代替或修饰不可数名词,意为“一些” 用在表示建议、请求或希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中 表示“某一”，相当于a certain，其后加单数可数名词，暗示不知道、不感兴趣、不重视等含义 any 多用于否定句、疑问句中或if/whether后，表示“任何数量，任一数额” few 表否定意义,意为“几乎没有” 代替或修饰可数名词复数 a few 表肯定意义,意为“一些，几个” little 表否定意义,意为“几乎没有” 代替或修饰不可数名词 a little 表肯定意义,意为“少量,一点” many 代替或修饰可数名词复数,意为“许多,大量” many、much都可以和so、too、how连用 much 代替或修饰不可数名词,意为“许多,大量” 2.both、all、either、neither与none 不定代词 用法 相同点 both 表示“两者都”,常见搭配 both...and...表示“……和……都”,连接并列主语时,谓语动词用复数形式 “both/all+of+名词/代词复数形式”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式；all与both作主语的同位语时，一般位于实义动词之前，系动词、助动词或情态动词之后 all 表示“三者或三者以上都” either 可单独使用，表示“两者中任何一个”。either...or...表示“或者……或者……”,连接并列主语时,谓语动词的人称和数遵循“就近一致”原则 “either/neither/none+of+名词/代词复数形式”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式或复数形式均可 neither 表示“两者都不”；neither...nor...表示“既不……也不……”,连接并列主语时,谓语动词的人称和数遵循“就近一致”原则 none 表示“三者或三者以上都不” 不定式 构成 肯定：(to)+动词原形，to 为不定式符号，本身无词义 否定：not (to)+动词原形 形式主语 It’s +adj.+(for/of) sb. to do sth. It’s useful to learn English. It’s kind ofyou to help me. 宾 语 及物动词后 decide/expect/want/agree... I have decided to study Japanese. 形式宾语 find/think it +adj.+to do sth. He finds it easy to speak English every day. 省 to Why not do...? Why don’t you do...? had better do... would rather do... please do... Why not go to the park? You’d better stay here. I’d rather stay at home. Please sit down. 宾 补 宾补 tell/ask/allow...sb to do He asks me to carry the box. 省 to feel//hear/listen to/let/make/have/ look at/see/watch/notice Let’s go. He makes me clean the room. 定语（后置） 起形容词的作用 He was the first to come to the room. 修饰 something/anything... Have you got something to drink? 状语 放在不及物动词后表目的 放在某些形容词后 He went to America to learn English. I’m glad to see you again. 疑问词+不定式 who/what/which/when...+to do Can you tell me how to get there? 不定式的否定 not/never+不定式 The teacher asks us not to swim in the river. 固定句式 too...to... He is too young to dress himself. enough to... He is old enough to go to school. It’s one’s turn to do sth. It’s my turn to clean the classroom. It takes sb. st. to do sth. It takes me two hours to finish the work. 一．单项选择 1．Nowadays, we find ________ convenient ________ with each other with mobile phones. A．it’s; to connect B．it’s; connect C．it; to connect D．it; connect 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如今，我们发现用手机相互联系很方便。 固定句型“find it + 形容词 + to do sth.”表示“发现做某事怎么样”，it作形式宾语，后面不定式作宾语，应填“it; to connect”。 2．We share ________ snacks with ________. A．our; them B．ours; they C．our; they D．ours; them 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们和他们分享我们的零食。 our我们的，形容词性物主代词；ours我们的，名词性物主代词；they他们，人称代词主格；them他们，人称代词宾格。第一空修饰名词snacks，需用形容词性物主代词our；第二空位于介词with之后，需用人称代词宾格them。 3．— Is this pencil box _________? — No, it isn’t. It is not _________ pencil box. A．yours; my B．your, my C．yours, mine D．your, mine 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这个文具盒是你的吗？ ——不是，它不是我的文具盒。 yours名词性物主代词，后面不加名词；your形容词性物主代词，后面需要衔接名词。第一空后无名词，选用yours；第二空后面有名词pencil box，选用形容词性物主代词my。其余选项代词用法不符合句子结构。 4．Every day, students in our school clean the classrooms by ________  to develop good habits and learn some life skills. A．themselves B．ourselves C．yourselves D．itself 【答案】A 【详解】句意：每天，我们学校的学生们通过他们自己打扫教室来养成好习惯并学习一些生活技能。 themselves他们自己；ourselves我们自己；yourselves你们自己；itself它自己。固定搭配by oneself意为“独自，靠自己”，主语是students，为第三人称复数，对应的反身代词是themselves。 5．—Are ________ animals over there pigs? —Yes, they are. A．this B．that C．these D．those 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——那边那些动物是猪吗？——是的，它们是。 this这；that那；these这些；those那些。根据“Are”和“animals”可知主语是复数，排除A、B；根据“over there”可知是远指，应用those。 6．—Which club do you want to join, the music club or the sports club? —________. I just want to learn something else. A．All B．None C．Neither D．Both 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你想加入哪个俱乐部，音乐俱乐部还是体育俱乐部？——两者都不。我只想学点别的东西。 All三者或以上都；None三者或以上都不；Neither两者都不；Both两者都。根据问句“the music club or the sports club”可知是在两者之间选择，结合答语“I just want to learn something else.”可知说话人两个俱乐部都不想参加，表示“两者都不”用Neither。 7．— I have tickets for the concert (音乐会). Are ________ of you interested in it? — All of us! Can we go? A．any B．some C．neither D．either 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我有音乐会的票。你们中有任何人对它感兴趣吗？——我们所有人！我们能去吗？ any任何一个（代词，可用于疑问句、否定句）；some一些（代词，一般多用于肯定句）；neither两者都不（代词，只能针对两个人/物，表否定含义）；either两者当中任意一个（仅可用于两者范围）。根据答语“All of us!”可知人数在三者或以上，本句为一般疑问句，通常使用any。 8．—Which dress would you like to buy? The red one or the yellow one? —It’s hard to decide. ________ of them looks nice on me. A．Both B．Either C．All D．Neither 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你想买哪条裙子？红色的还是黄色的？——很难决定。两件中随便哪一件我穿都好看。 Both两者都；Either两者中任何一个；All全部；Neither两者都不。“All”用于三者及以上，排除选项C；“Both”作主语时谓语动词要用复数“look”，题干谓语是单数“looks”，排除选项A；如果选“Neither”，句意为“两件穿都不好看”，与“It’s hard to decide.”逻辑矛盾，排除选项D。应填“Either”，“Either of them+单数谓语”，语法、语义全部匹配。 9．—How do you like the books on the reading list? —________ of them are so interesting that I can’t put them down. A．Every B．All C．Neither D．Either 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你觉得书单上的书怎么样？——它们全都十分有趣，我爱不释手。 every每一个，不能与of连用；all全部，所有；neither两者都不；either两者其一。根据“so interesting that I can't put them down”可知，所有书都很有趣，all of them意为“它们全部”，符合语境。 10．—Would you like some more orange juice? —No, thanks. There is still ________ left in the cup. A．few B．a few C．little D．a little 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你想要再来点橙汁吗？——不，谢谢。杯子里还剩一点。 few很少，修饰可数名词，表否定；a few一些，修饰可数名词，表肯定；little很少，修饰不可数名词，表否定；a little一点，修饰不可数名词，表肯定。orange juice是不可数名词，排除A、B；根据“No, thanks”可知不需要再加了，说明杯子里还有一些，表肯定含义。所以填a little。 11．Please remember ________ hands before you start eating. A．wash B．washing C．to wash D．washed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：请在开始吃饭前记得去洗手。 固定搭配“remember to do sth.”意为“记得去做某事（事情还未做）”，“remember doing sth.”意为“记得做过某事（事情已做）”。根据“before you start eating”可知，洗手这个动作还未发生，应填to wash。 12．It’s polite ________ your mouth closed while you are chewing food. A．keep B．to keep C．keeping D．kept 【答案】B 【详解】句意：咀嚼食物时闭上嘴巴是有礼貌的。 固定句型“It’s+形容词+to do sth.”意为“做某事是……的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，此处表示“闭上嘴巴是有礼貌的”，to keep符合句型结构，应填to keep。 13．Could you tell me ________ make mashed potatoes? A．what to B．how to C．where to D．when to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你能告诉我怎样制作土豆泥吗? what to做什么；how to怎样做；where to去哪里；when to何时做。句子询问制作土豆泥的方式，how to do sth是固定结构，表示如何做某事，其余选项不符合语境。 14．________ to master the guitar, but with practice, anyone can do it. A．That is easy B．It is easy C．It is difficult D．That is difficult 【答案】C 【详解】句意：掌握吉他很难，但通过练习，任何人都能做到。 That is easy那是容易的；It is easy它是容易的；It is difficult它是难的；That is difficult那是难的。固定句型“It is + adj. + to do sth.”，It作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。根据连词but可知前后句意转折，后半句表示任何人都能做到，暗示起初是不容易的。 15．Tom decided ________ a volunteer in the community centre. A．become B．to become C．becoming D．became 【答案】B 【详解】句意：汤姆决定在社区中心成为一名志愿者。 固定搭配decide to do sth. 意为“决定做某事”，decide后接动词不定式作宾语。应选to become。 二．单句语法填空 16．The story is so interesting that it can hold children’s attention by ________ (it) easily. 【答案】itself 【详解】句意：这个故事十分有趣，仅凭它自身就能轻松吸引孩子们的注意力。句中介词by后需使用反身代词作宾语，主语it对应的反身代词是itself，by itself为固定搭配，表示“独自、本身”，故填itself。 17．Our teacher agreed with ________ (he) and praised his suggestion. 【答案】him 【详解】句意：我们的老师同意了他的看法，并赞扬了他的建议。介词with后要接人称代词宾格，he的宾格形式为him。 18．Teenagers should learn to take good care of ________ (they) and face difficulties bravely. 【答案】themselves 【详解】句意：青少年应该学会照顾好自己，勇敢面对困难。 主语Teenagers是复数，指代主语自身，介词of后面需要用反身代词。they的反身代词为themselves，表示“他们自己”。 19．The teacher asked him to introduce ________(he) in English. 【答案】himself 【详解】句意：老师让他用英语自我介绍。固定搭配introduce oneself意为“自我介绍”。此处动作的承受者即动作的执行者本人（him），因此需要将括号内的主格he变为对应的反身代词himself。 20．Is there ________ (something) special in today’s newspaper? 【答案】anything 【详解】句意：今天的报纸上有什么特别的事吗？本句是一般疑问句，something一般用于肯定句，在疑问句和否定句中要变为anything，形容词special置于不定代词的后面，故填anything。 21．The balcony is theirs, ________ (they) balcony is big. 【答案】their 【详解】句意：这个阳台是他们的，他们的阳台很大。空格后有名词balcony，需要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。人称代词they对应的形容词性物主代词是their。 22．We are supposed ________ (write) about our personal qualities in the speech. 【答案】to write 【详解】句意：我们应该在演讲中写写我们的个人品质。be supposed to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“应该做某事”，应用不定式to write。 23．You need to read the book carefully to learn how ________ (operate) the machine and practise for a few times. 【答案】to operate 【详解】句意：你需要仔细阅读这本书，学习如何操作这台机器，并且练习几次。“how+动词不定式”作learn的宾语，括号内“operate”表示“操作”，为动词，此处应填to operate。 24．It’s time ________ (serve) the hot soup to our guests. 【答案】to serve 【详解】句意：该给客人们上热汤了。固定句型It’s time to do sth.表示“到做某事的时间了”，后面接动词不定式，所以serve变为to serve。 25．It’s your turn ________ (serve) the guests some hot tea. 【答案】to serve 【详解】句意：轮到你为客人奉上热茶了。固定句型“It’s one’s turn to do sth.”意为“轮到某人做某事”。在此句型中，turn后常接动词不定式作后置定语，因此括号内的动词serve应变为to serve。 三．完成句子 26．王磊学会了弹钢琴，还参加了学校的音乐会。 Wang Lei learned ________ ________ ________ ________ and took part in the school concert. 【答案】 to play the piano 【详解】原句中关键词是“弹钢琴”，对应英文为“play the piano”，乐器前需加定冠词the。常用结构“learn to do sth.”，意为“学习做某事”，learned后接不定式，构成不定式短语作learned的宾语。所以应填to；play；the；piano。 27．她鼓励我参加环境清洁活动。 She encouraged me ________ ________ part in the environmental cleaning activity. 【答案】 to take 【详解】关键词中文“参加”对应的英文固定短语是take part in。“鼓励某人做某事”的固定搭配是encourage sb. to do sth.，即动词encourage后接宾语再加动词不定式。句中已有part in，因此横线处需填入不定式符号to和动词原形take。 28．他们正在讨论如何改善公共交通。 They are discussing how ________ ________ public transportation. 【答案】 to improve 【详解】原句中“改善”是关键词，“改善”的英文表达是improve，前面有疑问词how，“how to do sth.”是固定用法，意为“怎样做某事”，此处用动词不定式to improve。 29．我们应该停止使用过多的一次性产品来保护环境。 We should stop using too many ________-________ products to ________ the environment. 【答案】 single use protect 【详解】原句中“一次性”以及“保护”是关键词，表示“一次性”的形容词为“single-use”；表示“保护”的动词为“protect”，不定式to后接动词原形。 30．新学期的第一天，再次见到他的同学们真是太高兴了。 On the first day of the new term, it was so great ________ ________ ________ ________ again. 【答案】 to see his classmates 【详解】原句中“见到他的同学们”是关键词，固定句型“It is/was adj. to do sth.”，意为“做某事是……的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。表示“见到”的动词为see，因此前两空填to see。“他的”对应形容词性物主代词his，“同学们”对应的英文是classmates。 31．你能告诉我如何应对这种困境吗？ Can you tell me how to ________ ________ this difficult situation? 【答案】 deal with 【详解】原句中“应对”是关键词，对应短语deal with，在“疑问词 + 不定式”结构中，how通常与deal with 搭配，而what通常与do with 搭配。 32．有时他们把我误认为我妹妹。 Sometimes they ________ ________ for ________ sister. 【答案】 mistake me my 【详解】原句中“把……误认为……”是关键词，表示“把……误认为……”的固定搭配是“mistake...for...”。时间状语Sometimes表明时态为一般现在时，主语they是复数，谓语动词用原形mistake。表示“我”的代词为“I”，此处需用宾格形式me作宾语；表示“我的”形容词性物主代词为“my”，修饰名词sister。故填mistake；me；my。 33．现在，轮到你们介绍你们自己了。 Now, it’s ________ ________ to introduce yourselves. 【答案】 your turn 【详解】原句中“轮到你们”是关键词，表示“轮到某人做某事”的英文是It’s one’s turn to do sth.，固定搭配，其中turn为名词，应使用形容词性物主代词修饰；you“你们”，形容词性物主代词为your。 34．尽管她比我小五岁，她对古典音乐的鉴赏力却远超于我。 Although she is ________ ________ ________ five years, her taste for classical music is ________ ________ ________ mine. 【答案】 my junior by far better than 【详解】原句中“比我小五岁”是关键词，常用固定搭配为be sb’s junior by+时间段，my“我的”，形容词性物主代词；原句中“远超于我”是关键词，固定搭配far better than表示“远远优于”。 35．这是我们的英语老师。她叫刘玲。我们叫她刘老师。她非常和蔼。   This is our ________ ________. ________ name is Liu Ling. We ________ her Ms Liu. She is very ________. 【答案】 English teacher Her call kind 【详解】原句中“英语老师”“她叫”“叫她”和“和蔼”是关键词，表示“英语老师”的固定名词短语为“English teacher”；“她叫”意为“她的名字”，应用形容词性物主代词Her，句首首字母大写；对应中文“叫/称呼”，句型为“call sb.+名字”，主语是We，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用原形call；表示“和蔼的”的形容词为kind，在句中作表语。 一．语法选择 A A librarian in Indonesia is lending books to children in exchange for rubbish. They collect in an interesting way. This can greatly help clean up the environment and also make kids 1 more books. 2 kind-hearted lady! Each weekday, Raden Roro Hendarti rides 3 three-wheeler with books at the back for children in Muntang Village. These books 4 to exchange for plastic cups, bags, and other waste. She tells reporters that she is helping 5 develop the habit of reading books. At the same time, she wants them to realize the 6 of protecting the environment. Every time she 7 up, the children quickly surround (围绕) her “Rubbish Library”. Many of them are followed by their mothers 8 they all shout for their own favorite books. They are all carrying rubbish bags and Raden’s three-wheeler quickly fills up with them as the books fly out. She is pleased that the children are going to spend 9 time playing online games than before as a result. Hendarti collects about 100 kg of waste each week. 10 waste is then sorted by her colleagues (同事) and sent for recycling or being sold. In her library, there is a stock of 6,000 books. She wants to take the mobile service to neighboring areas, too. 1．A．read B．reading C．to read 2．A．How B．What C．What a 3．A．she B．hers C．her 4．A．use B．are used C．are using 5．A．child B．children C．children’s 6．A．importantly B．important C．importance 7．A．shows B．showed C．will show 8．A．and B．but C．so 9．A．little B．less C．the least 10．A．A B．An C．The 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述印度尼西亚的一位图书管理员用垃圾换书的方式，既清理了环境，又培养了孩子们的阅读习惯。 【详解】1．句意：这可以极大地帮助清理环境，也可以让孩子们读更多的书。 read阅读，动词原形；reading阅读，动名词；to read阅读，动词不定式。根据“make kids...more books”可知，此处为make sb do sth“让某人做某事”，应用动词原形。故选A。 2．句意：多么善良的一位女士啊！ How多么，引导感叹句，修饰形容词或副词；What多么，引导感叹句，修饰名词；What a多么，引导感叹句，修饰可数名词单数。根据“...kind-hearted lady!”可知，此处为感叹句，中心词lady为可数名词单数，应用what a引导。故选C。 3．句意：每个工作日，Raden Roro Hendarti都会骑着她的三轮车，后面载着书，前往Muntang村给孩子们。 she她，人称代词主格；hers她的，名词性物主代词；her她的，形容词性物主代词。根据“rides...three-wheeler”可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词her，修饰名词three-wheeler。故选C。 4．句意：这些书是用来交换塑料杯、塑料袋和其他废物的。 use使用，动词原形；are used被使用，一般现在时的被动语态；are using正在使用，现在进行时。根据“These books...to exchange for plastic cups, bags, and other waste.”可知，此处指书被用来交换塑料杯、塑料袋和其他废物，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。 5．句意：她告诉记者，她正在帮助孩子们养成读书的习惯。 child孩子，名词单数；children孩子们，名词复数；children’s孩子们的，名词所有格。根据“develop the habit of reading books”可知，此处指帮助孩子们养成读书的习惯，应用名词复数children作宾语。故选B。 6．句意：同时，她想让他们意识到保护环境的重要性。 importantly重要地，副词；important重要的，形容词；importance重要性，名词。根据“the...of protecting the environment”可知，此处为the+名词+of的结构，应用名词importance。故选C。 7．句意：每次她出现，孩子们都会迅速围住她的“垃圾图书馆”。 shows出现，动词三单形式；showed出现，动词过去式；will show将出现，一般将来时。根据“Every time she...up”可知，此处描述经常性发生的动作，应用一般现在时，主语she为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用三单形式。故选A。 8．句意：他们中的许多人后面都跟着他们的妈妈，并且他们都喊着要自己最喜欢的书。 and并且，表并列；but但是，表转折；so因此，表因果。根据“Many of them are followed by their mothers...they all shout for their own favorite books.”可知，前后句为并列关系，应用and连接。故选A。 9．句意：她很高兴，因为结果孩子们花在玩网络游戏上的时间比以前少了。 little少的，形容词原级；less更少的，形容词比较级；the least最少的，形容词最高级。根据“than before”可知，此处应用比较级less。故选B。 10．句意：这些废物随后由她的同事分类，送去回收或出售。 A一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；An一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；The定冠词，表特指。根据“Hendarti collects about 100 kg of waste each week...waste is then sorted by her colleagues”可知，此处指上文提到的Hendarti收集的废物，应用定冠词the表特指。故选C。 B Early this morning we all went to the Future Hall to have our graduation ceremony. Our headmaster made a wonderful speech, and many of us 1 to tears. Now the ceremony is over. We will leave school soon. I feel very excited 2 I am one of the best graduates. At the same time I am a little sad because I have to say goodbye to my classmates and teachers. I want 3 some photos with them and I will give some gifts to my teachers as well. In the past three years, I 4 a great time at Red Star International School. I have learnt not only knowledge, but 5 to be a man. In the future, I will work much 6 . I hope I can be 7 astronaut when I grow up. Maria, Jane and Michael will go back to 8 hometowns tomorrow and I will see them off at the airport. We will keep in touch with each other 9 sending e-mails, making telephone calls, or writing letters. We will be good friends forever. I wish my classmates and teachers health, 10 and good luck. Hope to see them again soon! 1．A．are moved B．were moving C．were moved 2．A．because B．unless C．if 3．A．take B．to take C．taking 4．A．have B．had C．have had 5．A．how B．what C．who 6．A．hard B．harder C．hardest 7．A．a B．an C．the 8．A．they B．their C．them 9．A．on B．of C．by 10．A．happy B．happily C．happiness 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者毕业典礼上的感受，对过去三年学习生活的回顾以及对未来的展望，同时表达了对同学和老师的美好祝愿。 【详解】1．句意：我们的校长做了一个精彩的演讲，我们许多人都感动得落泪了。 are moved一般现在时的被动语态；were moving过去进行时；were moved一般过去时的被动语态。根据“Our headmaster made a wonderful speech”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，主语“many of us”与动词move之间是被动关系，即“我们被感动”，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were+动词的过去分词”，主语为复数，be动词用were，move的过去分词是moved。故选C。 2．句意：我感到非常兴奋，因为我是最优秀的毕业生之一。 because因为；unless除非；if如果。根据“I feel very excited”和“I am one of the best graduates”可知，前后句之间是因果关系，前果后因，所以用because引导原因状语从句。故选A。 3．句意：我想和他们拍一些照片，我也会给我的老师们一些礼物。 take动词原形；to take动词不定式；taking动名词或现在分词。want to do sth.“想要做某事”，固定短语，所以这里应用动词不定式to take。故选B。 4．句意：在过去的三年里，我在红星国际学校度过了美好的时光。 have一般现在时；had一般过去时；have had现在完成时。根据“In the past three years”可知，句子时态应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+动词的过去分词”，主语为第一人称I，助动词用have，have的过去分词是had。故选C。 5．句意：我不仅学到了知识，还学会了如何做人。 how如何；what什么；who谁。根据“I have learnt not only knowledge, but … to be a man.”可知，此处考查“疑问词+动词不定式”结构作宾语，结合语境可知，这里是说学会了“如何”做人，所以用how。故选A。 6．句意：在未来，我会更加努力地工作。 hard努力地，副词原级；harder更努力地，副词比较级；hardest最努力地，副词最高级。much修饰形容词或副词的比较级，所以这里应用hard的比较级harder。故选B。 7．句意：我希望我长大后能成为一名宇航员。 a不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表示特指。根据“I hope I can be … astronaut when I grow up.”可知，此处表示泛指一名宇航员，且astronaut是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an。故选B。 8．句意：玛丽亚、简和迈克尔明天将回到他们的家乡，我会去机场为他们送行。 they他们，人称代词主格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；them他们，人称代词宾格。根据“hometowns”可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，表示“他们的家乡”，所以用their。故选B。 9．句意：我们将通过发送电子邮件、打电话或写信来保持联系。 on在……上面；of……的；by通过。根据“sending e-mails, making telephone calls, or writing letters”可知，这里说的是保持联系的方式，所以用介词by表示“通过”。故选C。 10．句意：我祝愿我的同学和老师健康、幸福、好运。 happy快乐的，形容词；happily快乐地，副词；happiness幸福，名词。根据“health, … and good luck”可知，此处应用名词与health和good luck并列作宾语，所以用happiness。故选C。 C Nobody’s journey is smooth. Life is full 1 unexpected things. So when you are in trouble, don’t lose heart. If you can smile at your life, everything 2 OK. Here is a story about it. At the age of four, Allan fell off a train and his eyes were 3 hurt. As a result, he could see nothing. It would be wonderful to see again, but bad luck might not be always bad. In fact, 4 Allan became blind, he learned to love his life more. But he had a hard time before he was successful. The 5 thing was to believe himself and it had to start with the simplest things. One day, a girl gave Allan a baseball. He thought she was fooling him. “I 6 use it,” he said. “Take it with you and roll it around,” the girl smiled and said. Her words got into 7 head. “Roll it around!” By rolling the ball Allan could hear 8 it went. This gave him an idea 9 something he never thought of—playing baseball. Years after that, he invented a successful game of baseball for the blind. It 10 “ground ball”. From then on, Allan began to smile at life and achieve more. 1．A．with B．of C．about 2．A．is B．had been C．will be 3．A．bad B．badly C．badness 4．A．although B．because C．until 5．A．hard B．harder C．hardest 6．A．shouldn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t 7．A．he B．him C．his 8．A．where B．what C．why 9．A．do B．to do C．doing 10．A．calls B．called C．was called 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了Allan因意外失明后，从悲观到微笑面对生活，最终发明盲人棒球的故事，告诉人们困境中要心怀希望。 【详解】1．句意：生活充满意外。 with和；of……的；about关于。根据“Life is full...unexpected things.”可知，be full of是固定短语，意为“充满”，符合语境。故选B。 2．句意：如果你能笑对生活，一切都会好起来。 is是，一般现在时；had been已经是，过去完成时；will be将会是，一般将来时。根据“If you can smile at your life, everything...OK. Here is a story about it.”可知，if 引导的条件状语从句，主将从现，主句用一般将来时。故选C。 3．句意：他的眼睛受了重伤。 bad坏的，形容词；badly严重地，副词；badness坏处，名词。根据“At the age of four, Allan fell off a train and his eyes were ... hurt. ”可知，空格处修饰动词hurt，需用副词。故选B。 4．句意：尽管Allan失明了，他更热爱生活了。 although尽管；because因为；until直到。根据“失明”和“热爱生活”的转折关系，此处应表示让步，although符合语境。故选A。 5．句意：最难的事是相信自己。 hard难的；harder更难的；hardest最难的。根据“The...thing was to believe himself and it had to start with the simplest things.”可知，“the + 最高级”表示“最……”，符合“最困难的事”的语境。故选C。 6．句意：“我不能用它。” shouldn’t不应该；can’t不能；mustn’t禁止。根据前文可知，Allan失明了，客观上“无法”或“没有能力”使用棒球。故选B。 7．句意：她的话进入了他的脑海。 he他，主格；him他，宾格；his他的，形容词性物主代词。根据“Her words got into...head.”可知，空格处修饰名词head，需用形容词性物主代词。故选C。 8．句意：Allan能听到球滚到哪里。 where哪里；what什么；why为什么。根据“By rolling the ball Allan could hear...it went.”可知，空格处引导宾语从句，表地点。故选A。 9．句意：这给了他一个做某事的主意。 do做，动词原形；to do去做，不定式；doing做，动名词。根据“This gave him an idea...something he never thought of”可知，“idea to do sth.”是固定短语，意为“做某事的主意”。故选B。 10．句意：它被叫做“地滚球”。 calls叫，一般现在时；called叫，过去式；was called被叫做，被动，一般过去时。“it”指游戏，与“call”是被动关系，且动作发生在过去。故选C。 二．语法填空 A In my family, there are several rules that guide our daily lives. One important rule is that we must have dinner together without 1 (phone). I like this time because it gives us a chance to talk about our day. Last week, I told my parents that I 2 (regret) arguing with my friend. Then my dad gave me 3 (value) advice. I realized family talks are 4 (great) than any game or video. Another rule is taking responsibility 5 chores. I need to keep the house tidy, like taking out the trash 6 (prevent) bad smells and keep the house fresh. At first, I thought it was my parents’ job, 7 soon I realized it is everyone’s duty. Once, I forgot to take out the trash, and our kitchen smelled 8 (terrible) awful. My mom reminded me, “A small task can influence the whole family.” The 9 (three) rule is about respect and honesty. I 10 (educate) by my parents to speak politely to others. Lying is never allowed. Once, I broke a vase while I 11 (play) with a ball in the living room. I made the 12 (choose) to tell my parents the truth. I knew honesty never gets in the way 13 trust. These family rules are like 14 guide in my life. I know they 15 (support) me no matter what happens in the future. Maybe one day, when I have my own family, I’ll pass these rules on too! 【答案】1．phones 2．regretted 3．valuable 4．greater 5．for 6．to prevent 7．but 8．terribly 9．third 10．am educated 11．was playing 12．choice 13．of 14．a 15．will support 【导语】本文介绍了作者家庭中的三条重要规则：共进晚餐不玩手机、分担家务责任、以及诚实尊重，并分享了这些规则如何帮助他成长。 【详解】1．句意：一条重要的规则是我们必须一起吃晚饭，不能看手机。介词without后需接名词或动名词，此处强调“晚餐期间所有人都不使用手机”的规则，phone应用复数形式phones表示泛指。 2．句意：上周，我告诉父母我后悔和朋友吵架。由主句的told可知时态为一般过去时，宾语从句中描述过去发生的动作，也用一般过去时，regret的过去式为regretted，故填regretted。 3．句意：然后爸爸给了我宝贵的建议。修饰名词advice需用形容词，value的形容词形式为valuable，意为“宝贵的”，故填valuable。 4．句意：我意识到家庭谈话比任何游戏或视频都更棒。标志词than提示用比较级，great的比较级为greater，故填greater。 5．句意：另一条规则是承担家务的责任。“take responsibility for”为固定短语，意为“为……承担责任”，故填介词for。 6．句意：我需要保持房子整洁，比如倒垃圾以防异味并保持房屋清新。倒垃圾的目的是为了防异味，表示“为了”，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to prevent。 7．句意：起初我以为这是父母的工作，但很快我意识到这是每个人的责任。前后句为转折关系，故填but，表示“但是”。 8．句意：有一次，我忘了倒垃圾，我们的厨房闻起来非常难闻。修饰形容词awful需用副词，terrible的副词形式为terribly，意为“非常”，故填terribly。 9．句意：第三条规则是关于尊重和诚实。表示“第三”需用序数词，three的序数词为third。 10．句意：父母教育我要对他人礼貌说话。描述一般情况或客观事实用一般现在时，主语I与educate“教育”之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是I，educate的过去分词是educated，故填am educated。 11．句意：有一次，当我在客厅玩球时打碎了一个花瓶。while引导的时间状语从句中，描述过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，主语I为第一人称单数，故填was playing。 12．句意：我选择了对父母说实话。冠词the后需接名词作宾语，choose的名词形式为choice，故填单数形式choice，表示一个具体的选择。 13．句意：我知道诚实从不妨碍信任。“get in the way of”为固定短语，意为“妨碍、阻碍”，故填介词of。 14．句意：这些家庭规则就像我生活中的一盏明灯。guide在此为可数名词单数，意为“指引、向导”，此处泛指一个指引，且guide是以辅音音素开头，故填a。 15．句意：我知道无论将来发生什么，他们都会支持我。know后是宾语从句，主句为一般现在时；由“what happens in the future”可知，此处句子描述将来的情况用一般将来时，故填will support。 B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Language, 1 special sign of human culture, has a long history going back to ancient times. Every dialect (方言) is special and shows the history, culture and living 2 (habit) of local people. These dialects are changing little by little because they 3 (influence) by geography, society and business. With global communication increasing, it becomes more important to understand and treasure different kinds of languages. 4 education technology improves greatly, it is still hard for many students to learn more words well. The difficulties include not only remembering new words but also knowing how 5 (use) them correctly in daily talks and writing. Many people think rich vocabulary helps us communicate well and express our ideas 6 (clear). An important way is to read lots of books, newspapers and short articles often. Keeping a positive attitude also makes a big difference. It helps students learn words in different situations and understand them much 7 (good). After all, words are not simple marks. They show our ideas, feelings and the world we live in. Every language carries special cultural meanings. Protecting different languages 8 (be) also a way to keep traditional culture alive. However, plenty of ancient dialects 9 (disappear) in recent years. As countries become more connected, more language expressions 10 (continue) to spread from one to another in the coming years. We should love our own languages and respect different language cultures around the world. 【答案】1．a 2．habits 3．are influenced 4．Although / Though 5．to use 6．clearly 7．better 8．is 9．have disappeared 10．will continue 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了语言是人类文化的特殊符号，历史悠久，人人都应该热爱自己的本土语言。 【详解】1．句意：语言是人类文化的特殊符号，源远流长。可数名词“sign”表泛指，且“special”以辅音音素开头，因此填不定冠词。 2．句意：每一种方言都是独特的，展示着当地人的历史、文化和生活习惯。根据“local people”可知，此处指当地人的多种生活习惯，表复数含义，因此填复数形式。 3．句意：这些方言由于受到地理、社会和商业的影响，正在一点一点地发生变化。主语“they”指代前文“These dialects”，和动词“influence”之间是被动关系，全文是一般现在时，主语是复数，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。 4．句意：尽管教育技术有了很大的进步，但很多学生仍然很难学好更多的单词。根据句意，主句和从句是转折逻辑，因此填引导让步状语从句的连词。 5．句意：困难不仅包括记住新单词，还包括知道如何在日常谈话和写作中正确使用它们。此处缺乏“knowing”的宾语，这里需要how to do sth.结构。 6．句意：许多人认为丰富的词汇可以帮助我们更好地沟通并清晰地表达我们的想法。空格处需要修饰“express our ideas”，修饰动词需要用副词。 7．句意：它可以帮助学生在不同的情况下学习单词并更好地理解它们。根据“much”可知，这里需要用“good”的比较级。 8．句意：保护不同语言也是保持传统文化活力的一种方式。根据 “Protecting different languages”可知，动名词短语作主语谓语动词用单数；且要用一般现在时。 9．句意：然而，近年来大量的古代方言已经消失了。根据“in recent years”可知，要用现在完成时且主语“plenty of ancient dialects”是复数，应用have+过去分词。 10．句意：随着各国之间的联系变得更加紧密，未来几年会有更多的语言表达（继续）从一个国家传播到另一个国家。根据“in the coming years”可知，此处应该用一般将来时。 4 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $