Unit 3 Getting Along with Others 单词短语句型语法（教材考点精练）英语译林版必修第一册

**基本信息** 聚焦“与人相处”主题，通过基础到综合的分层训练，系统强化单元词汇、语法及语篇应用能力，提升语言综合运用与跨文化沟通素养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |小题夯基|30题（汉译英/句型转换/词形填空）|词汇短语运用、语法结构转换、词形变化应用|从单词拼写、固定搭配到句型变式，构建“词汇-语法-表达”基础链| |综合攻坚|33题（阅读/完形/语法填空）|信息获取与推理、语境词义辨析、语篇语法填空|以语篇为载体，整合词汇语法知识，培养逻辑思维与跨文化理解能力|

Unit 3 Getting Along with Others 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 教材考点概览 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 一、根据汉语提示填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 1．【答案】seek common ground 2．【答案】escape route 3．【答案】had chatted 4．【答案】his submission had been his own original project 5．【答案】far from the case 6．【答案】eating away at 7．【答案】so angry that I avoided her 8．【答案】does have potential benefits 9．【答案】which is really annoying/which is really disturbing/which is really irritating/which is indeed annoying/which is indeed disturbing/which is indeed irritating 10．【答案】Embracing/Seeing failure as a learning opportunity can bring out your potential 二、句型转换（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 1．【答案】The similarity of moral virtues is striking. 2．【答案】How I wish I could recover soon to go to your party! 3．【答案】to be respected 4．【答案】When asked about his address, the little boy didn’t respond. 5．【答案】If your friend really tricked you on purpose, it’s time for you to let go of your friendship. 6．【答案】After the race, we felt that not only did the event improve our physical and psychological quality, but it also helped us build a positive attitude towards life. 7．【答案】 Having suffered from cancer for many years 8．【答案】He hurried to the school, only to find there was nobody on campus. 9．【答案】Not recognizing the voice, he refused to give the person his address. 10．【答案】We think it very important to speak more English. 三、用单词的适当形式填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 1．【答案】being recognized 2．【答案】respecting 3．【答案】comforting 4．【答案】poetic 5．【答案】definitely 6．【答案】reflection 7．【答案】original 8．【答案】to escape 9．【答案】to have escaped 10．【答案】basis 综合攻坚·知能拔高 一、阅读理解（共8小题，每小题2.5分，满分20分） 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．F 4．B 5．D 二、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．C 9．D 10．A 11．A 12．B 13．B 14．C 15．D 三、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 【答案】1．got 2．where 3．mine 4．flight 5．and 6．enjoying 7．as 8．regularly 9．friends 10．found 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Getting Along with Others 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 教材考点概览 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 一、根据汉语提示填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 1．In diplomatic talks, both sides should try to ________________ (求同存异) and avoid unnecessary conflicts. 【答案】seek common ground 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：在外交谈判中，双方应努力求同存异，避免不必要的冲突。根据汉语提示“求同存异”可知，空处应填seek common ground。空前有不定式符号to，后接动词原形。 2．The clever criminal planned his ________________ (逃跑路线) very carefully over several weeks to avoid being captured by police. 【答案】escape route 【详解】句意：这个聪明的罪犯非常仔细地规划了他的逃跑路线，持续数周，以避免被警察抓住。根据汉语提示“逃跑路线”及空前的形容词性物主代词his可知，空处应用名词短语escape route，作planned后的宾语。其中escape意为“逃跑”，route意为“路线”。 3．It was the first time that Xiaohong ________ (聊天) online in English. (用谓语动词正确形式) 【答案】had chatted 【详解】考查固定句式中的时态。句意：这是小红第一次用英语在线聊天。“聊天”对应英文动词chat，It was the first time that...是固定句式，that从句需用过去完成时，故填had chatted。 4．The realization hit me like a physical blow; ______________________________ (他提交的是自己的原创作品). 【答案】his submission had been his own original project 【详解】考查时态和形容词。句意：这个认知对我来说如同当头一棒；他提交的是他自己的原创作品。表示“他提交的”应用his submission；表示“是”应用be，此处指过去某动作之前已经完成的状态，应用过去完成时 had been；表示“自己的”应用形容词 own；表示“原创的”应用形容词 original；表示“作品”应用名词 project。故填 his submission had been his own original project。 5．Given that Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy, one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure. However, this is ______ (远非如此). 【答案】far from the case 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：考虑到袁的杂交水稻让他相当富有，有人可能会认为他会退休过悠闲的生活。然而，情况远非如此。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用介词短语far from the case。故填far from the case。 6．The constant stress of his job is ________ (侵蚀) him now, affecting both his sleep and his mood. 【答案】eating away at 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：工作上持续不断的压力正在吞噬他，影响了他的睡眠和情绪。eat away at侵蚀。根据时间状语now可知，用现在进行时。故填eating away at。 7．I was ________ (如此生气以至于我避开她) during school all day, and I still don’t feel like responding to any of her online messages. 【答案】so angry that I avoided her 【详解】考查状语从句和时态。句意：在学校一整天我都是如此生气以至于避开她，而且我仍然不想回复她的任何网上信息。根据汉语提示，表示“如此……以至于……”可以表达为so…that…，此处引导结果状语从句；表示“生气的”用形容词angry作表语，表示“我避开她”用I avoided her，根据前文的was以及句意可知，此句描述的是过去发生的事情，所以应用一般过去时，avoid用其过去式avoided。故填为so angry that I avoided her。 8．A final point to consider is that while studying abroad ________ (确实有潜在的好处), young people who study in China also have a great future to look forward to! 【答案】does have potential benefits 【详解】考查强调句、形容词和名词。句意：最后一点需要考虑的是，虽然出国留学确实有潜在的好处，但在中国学习的年轻人也有美好的未来值得期待！根据汉语提示“确实有潜在的好处”可知，此处需用“do/does/did + 动词原形”结构表强调，结合语境以及主句的谓语动词is可知，此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语“studying abroad”为动名词短语，视为单数，故助动词用does；“有潜在的好处”用have potential benefits表达，因此，此处应为does have potential benefits。故填does have potential benefits。 9．Some people always talk loudly in public, ________________ (这真的很烦人). 【答案】which is really annoying/which is really disturbing/which is really irritating/which is indeed annoying/which is indeed disturbing/which is indeed irritating 【详解】考查副词、形容词和定语从句。句意：有些人总是在公共场合大声说话，这真的很烦人。根据中文提示可知，表示“真的”可用really或indeed，为副词作状语；表示“烦人的”应用annoying或disturbing或irritating，为形容词作表语，且这里为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面句子，所以应用关系代词which引导，be动词时态与前面一致用一般现在时，主语which指代前面句子，be动词用is。故填which is really/indeed annoying/disturbing/irritating。 10．________ (把失败当作一个学习的机会可以激发你的潜力), and lead you to paths of self-improvement. 【答案】Embracing/Seeing failure as a learning opportunity can bring out your potential 【详解】考查动词短语和名词。句意：把失败当作一个学习的机会可以激发你的潜力，并引导你走向自我提升的道路。根据提示的汉语，表示“把……当作……”为动词短语embrace/see…as…，表示“失败”为failure作embrace/see的宾语，表示“一个学习的机会”为a learning opportunity作as的宾语，所以“把失败当作一个学习的机会”为embracing/seeing failure as a learning opportunity，作主语，使用动名词形式；表示“可以”为情态动词can，表示“激发”为固定短语bring out，位于情态动词之后，所以使用动词原形，表示“你的潜力”为your potential作宾语，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Embracing/Seeing failure as a learning opportunity can bring out your potential。 二、句型转换（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 1．The similarity of moral virtues across cultures is striking, even though the relative ranking of the virtues may vary with a social group’s history and environment. [句子缩写](不超过10个单词) ___________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The similarity of moral virtues is striking. 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：尽管不同文化中美德的相对排序可能因社会群体的历史和环境而有所不同，但不同文化中道德美德的相似性是显著的。句子主句为：“The similarity of moral virtues across cultures is striking(不同文化中道德美德的相似性是显著的)”，其中the similarity of moral virtues是主语，across cultures是定语（修饰主语），is striking是系表结构（谓语）。 让步状语从句为：“even though the relative ranking of the virtues may vary with a social group’s history and environment(尽管不同文化中美德的相对排序可能因社会群体的历史和环境而有所不同)”，属于次要信息。 缩写句子需保留核心信息（主句的主干），删除次要信息（状语从句及修饰主语的定语“across cultures”）。主句主干为“The similarity of moral virtues is striking”，共7个单词，符合“不超过10个单词”的要求。故答案为：The similarity of moral virtues is striking. 2．用虚拟语气改写句子。 I do hope that I can recover soon to go to your party. ___________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】How I wish I could recover soon to go to your party! 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我多么希望我能尽快恢复去参加你的聚会！表“希望”可用动词wish，wish后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的假设，情态动词can应改为could。故改写为：How I wish I could recover soon to go to your party! 3．The delivery man deserves respecting for rescuing the child who accidentally fell into the river. (同义句改写) The delivery man deserves __________ __________ __________for rescuing the child who accidentally fell into the river. 【答案】to be respected 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位送货员救了意外掉进河里的孩子，值得尊敬。本句谓语为deserves，此处为非谓语动词，deserve doing sth.和deserve to be done可互换，且The delivery man与respect“尊敬”为被动关系，本空可用不定式的被动形式to be respected，作deserves的宾语。故填to be respected。 4．When he was asked about his address, the little boy didn’t respond.(用过去分词改写句子) ___________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When asked about his address, the little boy didn’t respond. 【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：当问到他的住址时，小男孩没有回答。该状语从句中的主语“he”与主句中的主语“the little boy ”一致，可以省略从句中的“主语+be”，即“he was”，故答案为：When asked about his address, the little boy didn’t respond. 5．Your friend really tricked you on purpose. It’s time for you to let go of your friendship.（改写为条件状语从句） ___________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】If your friend really tricked you on purpose, it’s time for you to let go of your friendship. 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：如果你的朋友真的是故意欺骗你，那么你是时候放弃你们的友谊了。Your friend really tricked you on purpose.是It’s time for you to let go of your friendship.的条件，应用if引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，it’s time for you to let go of your friendship为主句，故填If your friend really tricked you on purpose, it’s time for you to let go of your friendship. 6．After the race, we felt that the event not only improved our physical and psychological quality, but it also helped us build a positive attitude towards life. (用倒装句改写) ___________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】After the race, we felt that not only did the event improve our physical and psychological quality, but it also helped us build a positive attitude towards life. 【详解】考查倒装句。句意：比赛结束后，我们觉得这次比赛不仅提高了我们的身体和心理素质，而且帮助我们树立了积极的生活态度。根据括号内提示并分析句子结构，主句是包含宾语从句的复合句，宾语从句中有not only…but also结构，根据倒装句的相关知识，not only…but also结构连接两个句子且放在句首的时候，要引起句子主谓部分倒装，因此宾语从句可以使用倒装结构，其他部分不变。因此将not only提至宾语从句句首，因宾语从句的谓语动词improved为实义动词且为一般过去式形式，因此使用助动词did对句子进行部分倒装，并将动词improved变为原形，故本句可改写为：After the race, we felt that not only did the event improve our physical and psychological quality, but it also helped us build a positive attitude towards life. 7．He has suffered from cancer for many years. The sufferer decided to give up smoking.(用非谓语动词做状语合并句子) →__________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________, the sufferer decided to give up smoking. 【答案】 Having suffered from cancer for many years 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他患癌症已有多年了。病人决定戒烟。根据题干要求，原句中的主语是he和the sufferer为同一个人，同时suffer的动作发生于decide的动作之前，he和suffer之间是主动关系，故应该使用现在分词完成式的结构作状语。同时设空处置于句首，首字母单词应该大写，故答案为Having suffered from cancer for many years。 8．He hurried to the school, but he only found there was nobody on campus. (用不定式作状语改写句子) ___________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】He hurried to the school, only to find there was nobody on campus. 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他匆忙赶到学校，结果发现校园里一个人也没有。分析句子可知，句子要求我们用不定式作状语改写句子，应用“only to do…”，意为“结果却……”，表示出乎意料的结果，在句中作结果状语，不定式符号“to”后接动词原形，即“find there was nobody on campus”。故答案是He hurried to the school, only to find there was nobody on campus. 9．Because he didn’t recognize the voice, he refused to give the person his address. （转换为动词ing形式做原因状语） ___________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Not recognizing the voice, he refused to give the person his address. 【详解】考查非谓语动词作状语。句意：因为他听不出那个声音，所以他拒绝告诉那个人他的地址。分析原句可知，“Because he didn’t recognize the voice”是原因状语从句，可处理为现在分词短语not recognizing the voice作原因状语，非谓语动词recognizing与逻辑主语he之间是主动关系，与主句动作同时发生，且非谓语动词的否定式直接在前面加not。故改为：Not recognizing the voice, he refused to give the person his address. 10．We should speak more English. We think it is very important.(用it作形式宾语合并句子) ___________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】We think it very important to speak more English. 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我们应该多说英语。我们认为这非常重要。后句中的it指代前句的speak more English，可用句型think it+形容词+to do sth，意为“认为做某事是……的”，其中it为形式宾语，动词不定式短语to speak more English为真正的宾语。故改为：We think it very important to speak more English. 三、用单词的适当形式填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 1．The incredible rock formations have resulted in the park as a World Heritage Site, thanks to its extraordinary size and scientific importance — making it one of only 13 natural US sites with that title. (recognize) 【答案】being recognized 【详解】句意：得益于其宏大的规模与科研价值，奇特的岩层构造使得这座公园被认定为世界遗产，也让它成为美国仅有的13处获此称号的自然遗址之一。result in意为“导致，造成”，in是介词，the park和动词recognize之间是被动关系，此空填动名词的被动形式being recognized，构成动名词的复合结构“the park being recognized”作resulted in的宾语。 2．From bamboo slips to block chain, China’s calligraphy revolution proves that (respect) cultural roots while exploring futuristic tools can build bridges across civilizations. 【答案】respecting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从竹简到区块链，中国的书法革命证明，在尊重文化根源的同时探索未来工具可以架起文明之间的桥梁。that引导的宾语从句谓语为can build，空处为非谓语，作主语，且此处介绍的是一件已知的经验，因此应用respect“尊重”的动名词形式。故填respecting。 3．Luckily, with her parents (comfort) her by video phones, she became autonomous soon and eventually got her bachelor’s degree successfully. 【答案】comforting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：幸运的是，在父母通过可视电话安慰她后，她很快就变得自主起来，最终成功获得了学士学位。空处为非谓语动词，comfort与逻辑主语her parents之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式comforting，构成with的复合结构，作状语。故填comforting。 4．After a (poet) and fascinating experience, they emerged from the forest, and found themselves greeted by the familiar city lights that twinkled in the distance. 【答案】poetic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在一段充满诗意且迷人的经历之后，他们走出森林，发现映入眼帘的，是远方闪烁着的熟悉的城市灯火。空处应用形容词，和fascinating并列作定语，修饰名词experience；poetic是形容词，表示“诗意的”，符合句意。故填poetic。 5．Learning a new language is challenging, but it is (definite) worth the effort since it opens the door to understanding a different culture. 【答案】definitely 【详解】句意：学习一门新语言富有挑战，但这绝对是值得付出的，因为它为理解另一种文化打开了大门。空格位于形容词worth之前，需填入副词修饰形容词，加强语气。形容词definite的副词形式为definitely，意为“无疑地、肯定地”。 6．Her impressive behaviour is a (reflect) of her good education. 【答案】reflection 【详解】句意：她令人印象深刻的举止是她良好教育的反映。根据a可知，本空用名词reflection，作表语。 7．You should carefully preserve the precious (origin) and never use it casually in daily life. 【答案】original 【详解】句意：你应当妥善保存这份珍贵的原件，切不可在日常生活中随意使用它。空处作及物动词preserve的宾语，需用名词。 origin是名词，意为“起源、源头”，不符合本句语义逻辑。结合空前precious和后文never use it casually可知，这里表示“原件”，应用original。 8．Going on a spontaneous road trip is a way you can imagine (escape) from the daily routine and have some fun. 【答案】to escape 【详解】句意：来一场说走就走的公路旅行，是你能想到的摆脱日常生活、找点乐趣的一种方式。句中you can imagine是定语从句，修饰前面的a way，a way to do sth.是固定搭配，表示“做某事的方式”，用动词不定式作后置定语，因此空格处需要用不定式to escape。 9．The two prisoners are said (escape), and the police are searching for them. 【答案】to have escaped 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据说这两名囚犯已经越狱了，警方正在搜捕他们。“Sb./Sth. be said to do”是固定句型，意为“据说某人做了某事”，用不定式作主语补足语，且escape(逃跑，逃脱)这一动作发生在“are said”之前，应用不定式的完成式to have done表已经发生。故填to have escaped。 10．To us, the most likely explanation appears to be that the (basic) lies in their living with humans. 【答案】basis 【详解】考查名词。句意：对我们来说，最可能的解释似乎是，根本原因在于他们与人类生活在一起。提示词作从句主语，用名词basis，意为“基础，根本原因”，结合谓语动词lies可知，主语是单数形式。故填basis。 综合攻坚·知能拔高 一、阅读理解（共8小题，每小题2.5分，满分20分） Learn more about where your food comes from the next time you dine out… Well, thanks to these food apps, you can find the right food with minimal effort. Seafood Watch was born out of the Monterey Bay Aquarium. Its primary goal is to help people eat seafood with less impact on the environment. It functions by helping you understand which types of fish are considered sustainable. For example, blue point oysters from Florida are considered a “best choice”, whereas Pacific bigeye tuna is rated “avoid”. HappyCow is one of the most convenient apps I’ve come across. You can be anywhere and with a click of a button, find a restaurant near you that offers vegetarian food for people who don’t eat fish or meat. I’ve used this while traveling in big cities like Toronto or remote areas like St. Moritz. It also has a great recipe section if you’re in the mood for cooking. GoodGuide is a tool that rates food and other products on safety, health and moral principles. They take a look at the product’s ingredients(成分), its environmental impact and the company’s attention to labor rights and helping its community. Products are then scored from a low of 0 to a high of 10. The higher the rating, the better the product from a health perspective. EWG’s Food Scores is a database created to let consumers make healthier, greener food choices. It was launched in 2014 and has ratings for more than 80,000 products. Their database rates foods on a scale of 1.0 to 10.0, with 1.0 being the best product, based on nutrition, ingredients and how it is processed. Since 2014, there have been over 32 million searches on the site. 1．Which app is best for someone who avoids meat? A．Seafood Watch. B．HappyCow. C．GoodGuide. D．EWG’s Food Scores. 2．What is a feature of EWG’s Food Scores? A．It helps people eat environment-friendly food. B．It focuses on social responsibilities. C．The lower the rating, the worse the product. D．The more nutritious the food, the higher the rating. 3．What is the main purpose of this text? A．To introduce knowledge about food. B．To encourage healthy eating habits. C．To advertise four green phone apps. D．To recommend some food-related apps. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了四款帮助人们选择健康且环境友好型食物的软件。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第三段中“HappyCow is one of the most convenient apps I’ve come across. You can be anywhere and with a click of a button, find a restaurant near you that offers vegetarian food for people who don’t eat fish or meat. (HappyCow是我遇到过的最方便的应用程序之一。你可以在任何地方，只要点击一个按钮，就能找到一家附近的餐厅，为不吃鱼和肉的人提供素食。)”可知，HappyCow适合不吃肉的人使用。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“EWG’s Food Scores is a database created to let consumers make healthier, greener food choices. (EWG的食品评分是一个数据库，旨在让消费者做出更健康、更绿色的食品选择。)”可知，EWG的食品评分能帮助消费者做出更健康环保的食物选择。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段中的“Well, thanks to these food apps, you can find the right food with minimal effort.( 好吧，多亏了这些食物应用程序，你可以用最少的努力找到正确的食物。)”以及后面四段内容可知，本文主要介绍了四款与食物相关的软件，因此，文章的主要目的是推荐一些与食物相关的软件。故选D项。 A majority of people desire to become the extroverts (外向的人). 1 For example, quiet people are good observers. In such a fast-paced world, quiet people, with less time spent chatting, have more energy to observe situations and people. Ask a quiet person their thoughts on a situation or person, and you may be surprised to receive an extremely reflective answer. 2 Quiet people think before they speak. In a work discussion with colleagues, the quiet men and women hardly speak suddenly, and instead, they listen carefully. With less time spent talking, quiet people have time to really think before they speak. 3 Because they are so selective with words, when they speak, it seems like the whole world stops to listen to what they have to say. 4 With their quiet, relaxed temperament (性情), quiet people are often the ears that others run to for advice, and are also respected for their good listening skills and cautious words. Additionally, quiet people rarely annoy others in their presence and they often make others feel at ease. Quiet people work on a more productive basis. Quiet people tend to be free from the distractions that often come from being around people all day long. 5 It is common to observe a quiet co-worker, alone in his or her office for hours at a time working on the quiet focus. A．Less talking means more reflecting and observing, so they won’t miss much. B．Quiet people seem accessible. C．Actually quiet people have their own strengths, though. D．Consequently, they are capable of accomplishing a lot on their quiet focus. E．It is rare to see a quiet friend speak rudely. F．In this way, they will take the time to ensure what they are saying is true. G．Quiet people are more intelligent. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．F 4．B 5．D 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章从善于观察、三思而后言、善于倾听、工作高效专注四个角度展开论证，反驳“多数人渴望成为外向者”的普遍认知，强调内向者亦有独特优势。 【详解】1．根据第一段首句“A majority of people desire to become the extroverts.(大多数人渴望成为外向的人)”和第三句“For example, quiet people are good observers.(例如，安静的人是很好的观察者)”可知，这是将外向的人和安静的人作对比，说明安静的人的优势。第一题位于它们之间，要满足承上启下原则，打破“外向优于安静” 的刻板印象，C项“实际上，安静的人也有他们自己的优势”，能引出下文举例内容。故选C。 2．第二题在第二段句首，要满足主题一致原则，后文围绕它展开论述。根据这段话中的“Quiet people think before they speak. In a work discussion with colleagues, the quiet men and women hardly speak suddenly, and instead, they listen carefully. With less time spent talking, quiet people have time to really think before they speak.(安静的人在开口前会思考。在与同事的工作讨论中，安静的男女很少突然发言，相反，他们会认真倾听。由于说话时间较少，安静的人有时间在开口前进行真正的思考)”可推断，安静的人虽然说话不多，但他们会多思考，A项“少说话意味着多反思与多观察，因此他们不会错过太多”，与推断相吻合。故选A。 3．第三题在第二段中间，根据它前面一句“With less time spent talking, quiet people have time to really think before they speak.(由于花在交谈上的时间较少，安静的人有时间在开口前进行认真思考)”和后面一句“Because they are so selective with words, when they speak, it seems like the whole world stops to listen to what they have to say.(因为他们用词极为考究，所以当他们开口时，仿佛整个世界都停下来聆听他们要说的话)”可推知，由于安静的人热衷思考，他们开口说话时更有可信度。本题位于它们之间，要满足承上启下的原则，体现安静的人说话时具有真实性，F项“如此一来，他们便会花时间确保自己所言属实”，满足承上启下的功能。故选F。 4．第四题在第三段句首，要满足主题一致原则，后文围绕它展开论述。根据下文“With their quiet, relaxed temperament(性情), quiet people are often the ears that others run to for advice, and are also respected for their good listening skills and cautious words. Additionally, quiet people rarely annoy others in their presence and they often make others feel at ease.(性格安静、沉稳的人，往往是他人寻求建议时会找的倾听者，他们良好的倾听技巧和谨慎的言辞也备受尊重。此外，安静的人在与人相处时很少惹恼他人，他们常常能让别人感到自在)”可知，安静的人平易近人，B项“安静的人似乎平易近人”，与推断相吻合。故选B。 5．第五题在第四段中间，结合它前面一句“Quiet people tend to be free from the distractions that often come from being around people all day long.(安静的人往往不会受到那些常常源于整日与人相处而产生的干扰)”和后面一句“It is common to observe a quiet co-worker, alone in his or her office for hours at a time working on the quiet focus.(人们常常会看到一位安静的同事，独自在办公室里一待就是几个小时，专注地安静工作)”可知，安静的人工作不会分心，工作效率高，本题位于它们之间，要满足承上启下的原则，体现安静的人能专注工作并取得成绩，D项表示“因此，凭借沉稳的专注力，他们能够收获丰硕成果”，与推断相吻合。故选D。 二、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） Exactly one year ago, I was sitting in my room, feeling like my world had permanently collapsed. I poured my heart out to a group of 1 online. My post blew up, and one private message 2 everything. It was from a girl in Italy. She wasn’t just offering 3 — she was living the same pain, feeling the same loss. Though she lived 10,000 kilometers away, we started talking. At first, it was just about 4 — checking in to make sure the other had eaten or stopped crying. But slowly, our 5 turned into daily life. We found comfort through our screens, two strangers drawn together by a(n) 6 ache. When I finally decided to take a solo trip to Europe, she became my biggest cheerleader. Still, I was 7 . What if our online friendship didn’t work in real life? But when we finally stood face-to-face, there was no “getting to know you” 8 — just a strong sense of familiarity. We hit the streets of the city 9 , like we’d been exploring together for years. At one moment, we realized something 10 : the experiences that once 11 us were actually the price of admission for this 12 . Without that pain, we would never have met. And we agreed — we would choose to 13 it all again, just to end up here. Our lives are so much bigger than the 14 that came to us. There are people we haven’t met yet who will 15 us, and cities we haven’t seen yet that will feel like home. Hold on. It gets so much better. 1．A．cheerleaders B．strangers C．colleagues D．neighbors 2．A．changed B．ruined C．indicated D．controlled 3．A．sympathy B．promise C．chances D．services 4．A．consultation B．relaxation C．survival D．work 5．A．memories B．plans C．secrets D．messages 6．A．hidden B．shared C．incurable D．unknown 7．A．expectant B．curious C．nervous D．lonely 8．A．celebration B．method C．phase D．desire 9．A．regularly B．cautiously C．aimlessly D．leisurely 10．A．important B．unclear C．embarrassing D．familiar 11．A．broke B．silenced C．entertained D．escaped 12．A．discovery B．friendship C．flight D．bravery 13．A．forget about B．go through C．reflect on D．adapt to 14．A．fame B．wealth C．sadness D．boredom 15．A．hear from B．depend on C．look for D．care about 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．C 9．D 10．A 11．A 12．B 13．B 14．C 15．D 【导语】本文讲述了作者一年前遭遇人生重创，上网倾诉结识同受伤痛的意大利女孩，二人线上相伴；线下见面格外投缘，二人顿悟过往磨难是友谊的契机，感悟人生不止悲伤，前路尚有温暖相遇。 【详解】1．考查名词。句意：我向网上一群陌生人倾诉了内心所有苦楚。A. cheerleaders支持者；B. strangers陌生人；C. colleagues同事；D. neighbors邻居。根据下文“online”以及“two strangers drawn together”可知，作者与意大利女孩起初互不相识，作者倾诉的对象是线上陌生网友。 2．考查动词。句意：我的帖子爆火，一条私信彻底改变了一切。A. changed改变；B. ruined摧毁；C. indicated表明；D. controlled掌控。根据下文“like we’d been exploring together for years”以及“And we agreed — we would choose to ____ it all again, just to end up here.”可知，这条私信让作者结识了知己，扭转了她低落的生活状态。 3．考查名词。句意：她不只是表达同情——她也承受着相同的痛苦与失落。A. sympathy同情；B. promise承诺；C. chances机会；D. services服务。根据下文“she was living the same pain, feeling the same loss”可知，女孩并非单纯怜悯作者，而是和作者有着一模一样的伤痛。 4．考查名词。句意：起初只是关乎撑下去的慰藉——互相确认对方好好吃饭、停止哭泣。A. consultation咨询；B. relaxation放松；C. survival生存；D. work工作。根据下文“make sure the other had eaten or stopped crying”可知，二人都处于崩溃痛苦的低谷，互相确认最基础的生存状态。 5．考查名词。句意：但慢慢地，我们的往来讯息融入了彼此的日常生活。A. memories回忆；B. plans计划；C. secrets秘密；D. messages信息。根据上文“one private message ____ everything”和后文“We found comfort through our screens”可知，二人依靠线上私信开展沟通。 6．考查形容词。句意：隔着屏幕我们获得慰藉，两个陌生人因共同的伤痛走到了一起。A. hidden隐藏的；B. shared共有的；C. incurable难以治愈的；D. unknown未知的。根据上文“she was living the same pain, feeling the same loss”可知，二人拥有相同的伤痛。 7．考查形容词。句意：我依旧内心紧张不安。A. expectant满怀期待的；B. curious好奇的；C. nervous紧张的；D. lonely孤单的。根据下文“What if our online friendship didn’t work in real life?”可知，作者担忧线下见面相处不合，内心忐忑焦虑。 8．考查名词。句意：我们面对面相见时，完全没有“互相熟悉了解”的阶段，只有强烈的熟悉感。A. celebration庆祝；B. method方法；C. phase阶段；D. desire渴望。根据下文“just an strong sense of familiarity”可知，二人跳过了线下交友本该有的相互熟悉、破冰的阶段，有一见如故的感觉。 9．考查副词。句意：我们从容漫步城市街巷，仿佛已经结伴游历多年。A. regularly定期地；B. cautiously谨慎地；C. aimlessly漫无目的地；D. leisurely悠闲从容地。根据下文“like we’d been exploring together for years”可知，二人线下相处自在放松，在街道上悠闲地散步。 10．考查形容词。句意：那一刻我们顿悟一件无比重要的事，那些曾经击垮我们的经历，其实是收获这份友谊的入场代价。A. important重要的；B. unclear模糊的；C. embarrassing尴尬的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据下文“Without that pain, we would never have met.”以及“we would choose to ____ it all again, just to end up here”可知，这是改变二人心境、极具分量的感悟。 11．考查动词。句意：同上。A. broke打破，击垮；B. silenced使沉默；C. entertained取悦；D. escaped逃离。根据上文“feeling like my world had permanently collapsed”可知，作者当初遭受毁灭性打击，break sb.意为“击垮；摧毁某人”，呼应“collapsed”。 12．考查名词。句意：同上。A. discovery发现；B. friendship友谊；C. flight旅途；D. bravery勇敢。根据上文“two strangers drawn together”以及二人线上线下相伴相知的故事可知，此处指二人珍贵的友谊。 13．考查动词短语。句意：我们都认同，为了拥有此刻的相遇，我们愿意再完整经历一遍所有痛苦。A. forget about忘记；B. go through经历；C. reflect on反思；D. adapt to适应。根据上文“Without that pain, we would never have met.”可知，句中代词it 指代pain，go through it意为“经受痛苦”，符合语境。 14．考查名词。句意：我们的人生远比降临在身上的悲伤更辽阔。A. fame名望；B. wealth财富；C. sadness悲伤；D. boredom乏味。根据上文“feeling like my world had permanently collapsed”、“Without that pain, we would never have met.”以及二人相识的契机是巨大伤痛可知，文章最后一段升华主旨：痛苦悲伤只是人生一小部分，前路还有更多美好。 15．考查动词短语。句意：还有未曾谋面的人会真心在意我们，未曾踏足的城市会如家一般温暖。A. hear from收到来信；B. depend on依靠；C. look for寻找；D. care about在乎。根据上文“we started talking”以及“checking in to make sure the other had eaten or stopped crying”可知，素未相识的女孩给予作者关怀，此处指“在意、关心我们的陌生人”。 三、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） As I 1 (get) off the airplane, I called the woman I would be traveling with for the next leg of my journey. We chatted while I rapidly walked through the Boston airport; she assured (使确信) me I was heading in the correct direction, even though the way to the gate 2 we were meeting was long and strange for me. While I listened to her, I thought of how she sounded exactly like a friend of 3 (I) who grew up in the same city with me. After a couple of hallways and unclear signs, I saw her. We said hello in person for the first time and shortly thereafter boarded a 4 (fly) to Portugal. For the next two years we worked, lived 5 played together. Our adventures included sightseeing trips throughout Europe and 6 (enjoy) lots of coffee. Although we haven't lived in the same place for three years, our friendship continues to deepen through occasional (偶 尔 的) visits and regular phone calls and text messages. The story above is one example of the many friendships I have built because of my years 7 a cross-cultural worker. From organizational training meetings to connection groups — my friendships and network 8 (regular) grew. However, the growth wasn’t simply a long list of 9 (friend). Instead, my friendships provided me with a window into the diversity (多样性) 10 (find) in a cross-cultural world. 【答案】1．got 2．where 3．mine 4．flight 5．and 6．enjoying 7．as 8．regularly 9．friends 10．found 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在旅途中结识一位朋友，以及作者因多年从事跨文化工作而结交众多朋友的经历。 【详解】1．考查时态。句意：当我走下飞机时，我给接下来一段旅程将要同行的那位女士打了电话。由后文called可知句子时态为一般过去时，此处从句谓语动词也要用过去式。 2．考查定语从句。句意：我们聊天时，我快步穿过波士顿机场；她向我保证我走的方向是正确的，尽管对我来说，我们见面的登机口的路又长又陌生。空格处引导的是定语从句，先行词gate是地方，在从句中作地点状语，因此用关系副词where。 3．考查代词。句意：当我听她说话时，我想到她的声音听起来就像我在同一个城市长大的一个朋友。此处表示“我的一个朋友”，用双重所有格，of后用名词性物主代词mine。 4．考查名词。句意：我们第一次当面打招呼，不久就登上了飞往葡萄牙的航班。a后跟名词的单数形式作宾语，fly的名词是flight，意为“航班”。 5．考查连词。句意：在接下来的两年里，我们一起工作、生活、玩耍。“worked，lived”和“played”是并列关系，且句子是肯定句，因此空格处用and表并列。 6．考查动名词。句意：我们的冒险活动包括在欧洲各地的观光旅行和享受大量的咖啡。固定搭配include doing sth.，and连接并列的动名词短语作宾语，与sightseeing trips对应，用enjoy的动名词形式作宾语。 7．考查介词。句意：上面的故事是我多年来作为一名跨文化工作者所建立的许多友谊中的一个例子。空格处意为“作为”，用介词as。 8．考查副词。句意：从组织培训会议到联系小组，我的友谊和网络不断增长。用副词regularly作状语修饰动词grew，regularly意为“经常”。 9．考查名词的复数。句意：然而，这种增长不仅仅是一长串朋友。a list of后跟名词的复数形式，friend的复数形式为friends。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：相反，这些友谊为我打开了一扇了解跨文化世界中所存在多样性的窗户。句中谓语是provided，空格处修饰diversity作定语，diversity和find之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词作定语表被动。 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Getting Along with Others 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 教材考点概览 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 一、根据汉语提示填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 1．In diplomatic talks, both sides should try to ________________ (求同存异) and avoid unnecessary conflicts. 2．The clever criminal planned his ________________ (逃跑路线) very carefully over several weeks to avoid being captured by police. 3．It was the first time that Xiaohong ________ (聊天) online in English. (用谓语动词正确形式) 4．The realization hit me like a physical blow; ______________________________ (他提交的是自己的原创作品). 5．Given that Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy, one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure. However, this is ______ (远非如此). 6．The constant stress of his job is ________ (侵蚀) him now, affecting both his sleep and his mood. 7．I was ________ (如此生气以至于我避开她) during school all day, and I still don’t feel like responding to any of her online messages. 8．A final point to consider is that while studying abroad ________ (确实有潜在的好处), young people who study in China also have a great future to look forward to! 9．Some people always talk loudly in public, ________________ (这真的很烦人). 10．________ (把失败当作一个学习的机会可以激发你的潜力), and lead you to paths of self-improvement. 二、句型转换（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 1．The similarity of moral virtues across cultures is striking, even though the relative ranking of the virtues may vary with a social group’s history and environment. [句子缩写](不超过10个单词) ___________________________________________________________________________________ 2．用虚拟语气改写句子。 I do hope that I can recover soon to go to your party. ___________________________________________________________________________________ 3．The delivery man deserves respecting for rescuing the child who accidentally fell into the river. (同义句改写) The delivery man deserves __________ __________ __________for rescuing the child who accidentally fell into the river. 4．When he was asked about his address, the little boy didn’t respond.(用过去分词改写句子) ___________________________________________________________________________________ 5．Your friend really tricked you on purpose. It’s time for you to let go of your friendship.（改写为条件状语从句） ___________________________________________________________________________________ 6．After the race, we felt that the event not only improved our physical and psychological quality, but it also helped us build a positive attitude towards life. (用倒装句改写) ___________________________________________________________________________________ 7．He has suffered from cancer for many years. The sufferer decided to give up smoking.(用非谓语动词做状语合并句子) →__________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________, the sufferer decided to give up smoking. 8．He hurried to the school, but he only found there was nobody on campus. (用不定式作状语改写句子) ___________________________________________________________________________________ 9．Because he didn’t recognize the voice, he refused to give the person his address. （转换为动词ing形式做原因状语） ___________________________________________________________________________________ 10．We should speak more English. We think it is very important.(用it作形式宾语合并句子) ___________________________________________________________________________________ 三、用单词的适当形式填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 1．The incredible rock formations have resulted in the park as a World Heritage Site, thanks to its extraordinary size and scientific importance — making it one of only 13 natural US sites with that title. (recognize) 2．From bamboo slips to block chain, China’s calligraphy revolution proves that (respect) cultural roots while exploring futuristic tools can build bridges across civilizations. 3．Luckily, with her parents (comfort) her by video phones, she became autonomous soon and eventually got her bachelor’s degree successfully. 4．After a (poet) and fascinating experience, they emerged from the forest, and found themselves greeted by the familiar city lights that twinkled in the distance. 5．Learning a new language is challenging, but it is (definite) worth the effort since it opens the door to understanding a different culture. 6．Her impressive behaviour is a (reflect) of her good education. 7．You should carefully preserve the precious (origin) and never use it casually in daily life. 8．Going on a spontaneous road trip is a way you can imagine (escape) from the daily routine and have some fun. 9．The two prisoners are said (escape), and the police are searching for them. 10．To us, the most likely explanation appears to be that the (basic) lies in their living with humans. 综合攻坚·知能拔高 一、阅读理解（共8小题，每小题2.5分，满分20分） Learn more about where your food comes from the next time you dine out… Well, thanks to these food apps, you can find the right food with minimal effort. Seafood Watch was born out of the Monterey Bay Aquarium. Its primary goal is to help people eat seafood with less impact on the environment. It functions by helping you understand which types of fish are considered sustainable. For example, blue point oysters from Florida are considered a “best choice”, whereas Pacific bigeye tuna is rated “avoid”. HappyCow is one of the most convenient apps I’ve come across. You can be anywhere and with a click of a button, find a restaurant near you that offers vegetarian food for people who don’t eat fish or meat. I’ve used this while traveling in big cities like Toronto or remote areas like St. Moritz. It also has a great recipe section if you’re in the mood for cooking. GoodGuide is a tool that rates food and other products on safety, health and moral principles. They take a look at the product’s ingredients(成分), its environmental impact and the company’s attention to labor rights and helping its community. Products are then scored from a low of 0 to a high of 10. The higher the rating, the better the product from a health perspective. EWG’s Food Scores is a database created to let consumers make healthier, greener food choices. It was launched in 2014 and has ratings for more than 80,000 products. Their database rates foods on a scale of 1.0 to 10.0, with 1.0 being the best product, based on nutrition, ingredients and how it is processed. Since 2014, there have been over 32 million searches on the site. 1．Which app is best for someone who avoids meat? A．Seafood Watch. B．HappyCow. C．GoodGuide. D．EWG’s Food Scores. 2．What is a feature of EWG’s Food Scores? A．It helps people eat environment-friendly food. B．It focuses on social responsibilities. C．The lower the rating, the worse the product. D．The more nutritious the food, the higher the rating. 3．What is the main purpose of this text? A．To introduce knowledge about food. B．To encourage healthy eating habits. C．To advertise four green phone apps. D．To recommend some food-related apps. A majority of people desire to become the extroverts (外向的人). 1 For example, quiet people are good observers. In such a fast-paced world, quiet people, with less time spent chatting, have more energy to observe situations and people. Ask a quiet person their thoughts on a situation or person, and you may be surprised to receive an extremely reflective answer. 2 Quiet people think before they speak. In a work discussion with colleagues, the quiet men and women hardly speak suddenly, and instead, they listen carefully. With less time spent talking, quiet people have time to really think before they speak. 3 Because they are so selective with words, when they speak, it seems like the whole world stops to listen to what they have to say. 4 With their quiet, relaxed temperament (性情), quiet people are often the ears that others run to for advice, and are also respected for their good listening skills and cautious words. Additionally, quiet people rarely annoy others in their presence and they often make others feel at ease. Quiet people work on a more productive basis. Quiet people tend to be free from the distractions that often come from being around people all day long. 5 It is common to observe a quiet co-worker, alone in his or her office for hours at a time working on the quiet focus. A．Less talking means more reflecting and observing, so they won’t miss much. B．Quiet people seem accessible. C．Actually quiet people have their own strengths, though. D．Consequently, they are capable of accomplishing a lot on their quiet focus. E．It is rare to see a quiet friend speak rudely. F．In this way, they will take the time to ensure what they are saying is true. G．Quiet people are more intelligent. 二、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） Exactly one year ago, I was sitting in my room, feeling like my world had permanently collapsed. I poured my heart out to a group of 1 online. My post blew up, and one private message 2 everything. It was from a girl in Italy. She wasn’t just offering 3 — she was living the same pain, feeling the same loss. Though she lived 10,000 kilometers away, we started talking. At first, it was just about 4 — checking in to make sure the other had eaten or stopped crying. But slowly, our 5 turned into daily life. We found comfort through our screens, two strangers drawn together by a(n) 6 ache. When I finally decided to take a solo trip to Europe, she became my biggest cheerleader. Still, I was 7 . What if our online friendship didn’t work in real life? But when we finally stood face-to-face, there was no “getting to know you” 8 — just a strong sense of familiarity. We hit the streets of the city 9 , like we’d been exploring together for years. At one moment, we realized something 10 : the experiences that once 11 us were actually the price of admission for this 12 . Without that pain, we would never have met. And we agreed — we would choose to 13 it all again, just to end up here. Our lives are so much bigger than the 14 that came to us. There are people we haven’t met yet who will 15 us, and cities we haven’t seen yet that will feel like home. Hold on. It gets so much better. 1．A．cheerleaders B．strangers C．colleagues D．neighbors 2．A．changed B．ruined C．indicated D．controlled 3．A．sympathy B．promise C．chances D．services 4．A．consultation B．relaxation C．survival D．work 5．A．memories B．plans C．secrets D．messages 6．A．hidden B．shared C．incurable D．unknown 7．A．expectant B．curious C．nervous D．lonely 8．A．celebration B．method C．phase D．desire 9．A．regularly B．cautiously C．aimlessly D．leisurely 10．A．important B．unclear C．embarrassing D．familiar 11．A．broke B．silenced C．entertained D．escaped 12．A．discovery B．friendship C．flight D．bravery 13．A．forget about B．go through C．reflect on D．adapt to 14．A．fame B．wealth C．sadness D．boredom 15．A．hear from B．depend on C．look for D．care about 三、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） As I 1 (get) off the airplane, I called the woman I would be traveling with for the next leg of my journey. We chatted while I rapidly walked through the Boston airport; she assured (使确信) me I was heading in the correct direction, even though the way to the gate 2 we were meeting was long and strange for me. While I listened to her, I thought of how she sounded exactly like a friend of 3 (I) who grew up in the same city with me. After a couple of hallways and unclear signs, I saw her. We said hello in person for the first time and shortly thereafter boarded a 4 (fly) to Portugal. For the next two years we worked, lived 5 played together. Our adventures included sightseeing trips throughout Europe and 6 (enjoy) lots of coffee. Although we haven't lived in the same place for three years, our friendship continues to deepen through occasional (偶 尔 的) visits and regular phone calls and text messages. The story above is one example of the many friendships I have built because of my years 7 a cross-cultural worker. From organizational training meetings to connection groups — my friendships and network 8 (regular) grew. However, the growth wasn’t simply a long list of 9 (friend). Instead, my friendships provided me with a window into the diversity (多样性) 10 (find) in a cross-cultural world. 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $