23 选择性必修第三册 Unit 3 Back to the past（配套教参Word版）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮讲义（译林版）

该高中英语高考复习讲义全面覆盖课标词汇、核心语法、经典句式及高考阅读写作考点，按“词汇-短语-句式-语篇”逻辑层次构建知识体系。通过考点梳理（如核心单词语境练悟）、方法指导（句型转换与写作升级）、真题训练（高考原句分析与语篇解读），帮助学生系统突破难点，体现复习的系统性和针对性。 资料以语境化教学和分层训练为特色，如“convince”通过单句语法填空、链接写作培养语言能力，高考语篇分析结合推理判断提升思维品质。设置基础巩固、能力提升、综合应用分层练习，配合即时反馈，确保高效复习。助力学生构建应试知识网络，为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰路径。

高考原句 句式分析 汉语试译 1．(2023·全国甲卷)With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks，new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long，warm summer days to get jobs done． 本句是一个复合句。With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks，是with的复合结构，相当于一个原因状语从句； that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long，warm summer days to get jobs done是that引导的宾语从句。 在接下来的几周内，数以百万计的人可能会从事DIY项目，新的研究表明，超过一半的人计划充分利用漫长而温暖的夏日来完成工作。 2．(2023·全国甲卷)It was full of ideas that were new to me，so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book． 本句是一个复合句。并列连词so 连接两个句子；that were new to me是that 引导的定语从句，修饰ideas；with my head in and out of that book是with 的复合结构，作状语。 它充满了对我来说新的想法，所以我整个夏天都在读那本书。 [Part 1　巧记·课标单词] 写作单词|悉其识 1．　breadth　 n．　宽度；广泛 2．　load　 vt．&vi． 装上，装入 3．　dismiss　 vt． 不予考虑；解雇 4．　acknowledge　 vt． 承认；感谢 5．　insist　 v． 坚决要求，坚持 6．　shortage　 n． 不足，短缺 7．　leak　 v． 漏；渗入 8．　panic　 n． 惊恐，恐慌 9．　regardless　 adv． 不顾，不加理会 10．　subsequent　 adj． 随后的，后来的 11．　captain　 n． 船长，机长；队长 12．　royal　 adj． 盛大的，庄严的 13．　literary　 adj． 文学的，文学上的 14．　extensively　 adv． 广阔地；广泛地 15．　facilitate　 vt． 使便利，促进 16．　available　 adj． 可获得的 17．　prison　 n． 监狱 18．　exceptional　 adj． 杰出的，优秀的 19．　phrase　 n． 成语；短语 20．　shelf　 n． 架子，搁板 21．　adopt　 vt．　　采用；领养 22．　pack　 v． 打包；包装 23．　contrary　 adj． 相反的 24．　aboard　 prep． & adv． 在(车、船等)上 25．　uniform　 n． 制服；队服 adj． 一致的，统一的 26．　dive　 vi． 俯冲；跳水 n． 冲，扑，俯冲 27．　meanwhile　 adv． 同时；其间 28．　chaos　 n． 混乱，杂乱 29．　hatch　 vt． 密谋，策划 vi． 孵化 30．　sink　 v． 下沉，沉没 31．　pray　 v． 企盼；祈祷 32．　reform　 vt． 改进，改良 n． 改革，改良 33．　output　 n． 产量，输出量 34．　cloth　 n． 织物，布料 35．　shift　 n． 改变，转移 v． (使)移动 拓展单词|通其用 1．　convinced　 adj．确信的；信服的→　convince　 vt．确信；信服→　convincing　 adj．令人信服的 2．　strength　 n．力量；体力→　strengthen　 v．加强；巩固→　strong　 adj．强壮的 3．　harmony　 n．和谐；融洽→　harmonious　 adj．和谐的；一致的 4．　prove　 v．证明是；被发现是→　proof　 n．证据；证明 5．　influential　 adj．有影响力的；有支配力的→　influence　 n．影响；效果vt．影响；感化；支配 6．　finance　 n．资金；财政；金融 vt．提供资金→　financial　 adj．财政的，财务的；金融的；有钱的 7．　astonish　 vt．使十分惊讶；使吃惊→　astonishing　 adj．令人惊讶的→　astonished　 adj．吃惊的；惊讶的→　astonishment　 n．惊讶；令人惊讶的事物 8．　comparison　 n．比较；相比→　compare　 vt．比较；相比→　comparative　 adj．比较而言的；相比的 9．　violent　 adj．暴力的；猛烈的→　violence　 n．暴力；暴行→　violently　 adv．猛烈地，厉害地 10．　freeze　 vi．&vt．结冰；使冻住→　freezing　 adj．极冷的；冰冷的→　frozen　 adj．冻僵的；冻住的 11．　bleed　 vi．流血；失血→　bleeding　 n．流血；失血→　blood　 n．血 12．　memorial　 n．纪念碑(或像等)；纪念物；纪念品 adj．纪念的；悼念的→　memory　 n．记忆力→　memorize　 vt．记住；记忆 阅读单词|明其义 1．log n．　　　航海日志　 vi．& vt． 　伐木　 2．route n． 　路线；途径　 3．depart v． 　离开，启程　 4．shore n． 　岸，滨　 5．minister n． 　大臣，部长　 6．washroom n．　　洗手间，厕所　 7．eagle n． 　雕　 8．thunder vi． 　打雷　 n． 　雷，雷声　 9．navy n． 　海军，海军部队　 10．episode n． 　一段经历，片段　 1．后缀ial结尾形容词集锦 2．多变“旅行”名词一览 ①official 官方的 ②beneficial 有益的 ③commercial 商业的 ④financial 财政的 ⑤influential 有影响力的 ⑥industrial 工业的 ①voyage 航行；航海 ②tour (观光)旅行 ③travel 旅行 ④journey (长途)旅行 ⑤trip (短途)旅行；外出 ⑥outing 远足 [Part 2　妙记·核心短语] 1．　on behalf of　 　　　代表(或代替) 2．　regardless of　 不管，不顾 3．　sort out　 理顺，整理 4．　contrary to　 与……相反 5．　tend to　 趋向于 6．as usual　　　　　　像往常一起　 7．come to oneself 　苏醒；恢复知觉　 8．get in touch with 　与……取得联系　 9．declare war on 　对……宣战　 10．in response to 　对……作出反应　 1．“as”开头的高频短语一览 2．get into相关短语面面观 ①as well 也；又；还　②as a matter of fact 事实上 ③as a result 结果　④as usual 照例；照常 ⑤as follows 如下　⑥as is mentioned above 如上所述 ①get into debt 负债累累 ②get into trouble 陷入困境 ③get into shape 使身体好起来 ④get into touch with 与……取得联系 [Part 3　速记·经典句式] 典型句式 教材原句 1．非真实条件句的虚拟语气 　If you had a time machine　 (如果你有时间机器) which dynasty would you go back to？ 2．that 引导表语从句 The major contribution of this great explorer is 　that he “discovered” the New World　 (他“发现”了新世界)． 3．物＋witness ＋宾语，拟人修饰法 His voyages opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration, a period which 　witnessed 　 (目击) many important geographical findings． 4．that 引导同位语从句 In the chaos and confusion after the attack, the US Navy sent a message to his family 　that Louis had been killed in the attack　 (路易已经在袭击中遇害)． 5．“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 The next day, president Roosevelt delivered his famous Pearl Harbor Speech, 　in which　 (在演讲中) he described December 7 as．．． [核心单词] 1．convince vt．使确信；使相信；说服 ►[教材对接] The Time Traveller smiled． “It is clear，”he said, “that there is only one way to convince you．．． ” 时间旅行者笑了。他说：“显然，只有一种方法可以令你们信服。” [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①There is now 　convincing　 (convince) evidence that smoking causes lung cancer． ②You need to convince them 　of　 your enthusiasm for the job． ③They tried to convince him 　to support　 (support)them． ④(2023·1月浙江卷)But I'm 　convinced　 (convince)my parents love having me back． [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)convince sb．to do sth． 说服某人做某事 convince sb．of sth． 使某人相信某事 convince sb．that．．． 使某人相信…… (2)convinced adj．确信的；坚信不移的 be convinced of sth． 确信；坚信；深信 be convinced that．．． 相信…… (3)convincing adj．令人信服的；有说服力的 [温馨提示]　convince是及物动词，其宾语多为人，而“信服”的内容则可由介词of引出或由that从句充当。 [链接写作]——句式升级 ⑤I believe that you like paper­cutting, so I'd like to invite you to visit the exhibition． →　Convinced that you like paper­cutting　，I'd like to invite you to visit the exhibition． (分词作状语) 2．load v．装上，装入n． 某物的量；负荷；沉重感 ►[教材对接] His ships were loaded with china, silk, tea and other treasures as gifts for foreign rulers． 他的船满载瓷器、丝绸、茶叶和其他奇珍异宝作为馈赠异邦君王的礼品。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me load Tiffy 　into　 the plane． ②He has 　loads　 (load) of money． ③Get 　a　 load of that dress! It must suit you very well． [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)take a load off one's mind 卸下心上重负 loads of＝a load of 许多 get a load of 注意，仔细看 (2)load．．．with．．． 用……装载…… load sth．into/onto sth． 把……放在/装进…… be loaded with 负载……；装满…… [链接写作]——完成句子 ④Obviously，supporting a family of five is a heavy 　load　 for a single woman．Every day she has to do 　loads of　 things．Her main job is to 　load　 trucks 　with　 empty bottles．Luckily，her two daughters are about to earn their own bread，which has 　taken a load off her mind　． 显然，供养一个五口之家对一位单身妇女来说是一个沉重的负担。她每天必须做许多事情。她的主要工作是往卡车上装空瓶子。幸好她的两个女儿就要自食其力了，这让她如释重负。 3．strengthen vt．&vi．加强；增强；巩固 ►[教材对接] Zheng He's efforts helped develop and strengthen harmonious relations with these countries and regions，．．． 郑和的努力有助于发展和巩固中国与这些国家和地区的和睦关系，…… [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal 　strengths　(strength)”． ②(2024·北京卷)These abilities 　are strengthened　(strengthen) by our capacity for language，which allows social practices to develop in extremely unobvious ways． ③The 　strength　 (strong) of riding bikes is that it can build up our strength． ④(2022·全国乙卷)　To strengthen　 (strengthen) the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media，．．． [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)strength n．[C]长处；强项 [U]力量；体力 (2)build up one's strength/body 强身健体 strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点 The strength of．．．is that．．． ……的优点是…… [温馨提示]　表示“优点和缺点”时，strength, weakness常用复数形式。 [链接写作]——完成句子 ⑤Write a poem about 　how courage, determination, and strength have helped　 you face challenges in your life． 写一首关于勇气、决心和力量如何帮助你面对生活中挑战的诗。 4．dismiss vt．不予考虑，消除；免职，解雇开除；解散 ►[教材对接] For many years, some historians dismissed the records of these voyages as legends． 多年来，一些历史学家认为这些航海活动的记载只是传说而不予理会。 [语境练悟]——判断下列句子中dismiss的含义 ①Today our teacher dismissed the class ten minutes early．　下课　 ②We shouldn't dismiss the suggestion without thinking about it．　不予考虑　 ③The worker was dismissed from the factory for being lazy．　解雇，开除　 [考点归纳]——知识生成 dismiss sb．for．．． 因……解雇某人 dismiss sb．from sb．'s post/position 免去某人的职务 [链接写作]——完成句子 ④　They dismissed him for his being dishonest　． 他们因他不诚信而解雇了他。 5．acknowledge vt．承认(属实，权威等)；感谢 ►[教材对接] Zheng He's accomplishments are now widely acknowledged, and he is remembered as one of China's most influential explorers． 郑和的成就在今天获得广泛认可，他也作为中国最具影响力的探险家之一被世人铭记。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①It is now generally acknowledged 　that　 he was innocent． ②Yao Ming is acknowledged 　as　 one of the best basketball players in the NBA． ③In 　acknowledgement　 (acknowledge) of her help，he presented her with a computer． [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)It is acknowledged that．．． ……是大家公认的 acknowledge sb．/sth．as/to be 承认某人/事…… acknowledge that．．． 承认…… acknowledge doing sth． 承认做了某事 (2)acknowledgement n．承认；答谢 in acknowledgement of．．． 为了感谢…… [链接写作]——句型转换 ④He acknowledged having been defeated at last． →He acknowledged 　that he had been defeated　 at last． 最后，他承认被击败了。 6．insist vi．&vt．坚持；坚决要求 ►[教材对接] Columbus insisted on searching for a direct sea route to the East Indies by sailing across the Atlantic Ocean． 哥伦布决心横渡大西洋，开辟一条直通东印度群岛的航线。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空/补全句子 ①I wanted to walk to the station, but he insisted 　on　 driving me there． ②Mary insisted that she 　was　 (be) right but her mother insisted that she 　(should) say　 (say) sorry to Annie． ③I 　insist on your taking　 immediate action to put things right． 我坚决要求你立刻采取行动把事情处理好。 [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)insist that．．．表示“坚持认为……；坚决要求……” (2)insist on (doing) sth．表示“坚持(做)某事” (3)insist that．．． 表示“坚持认为，坚持说”，后跟宾语从句用陈述语气；表示“坚决要求，坚决主张”，后跟宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词要用“(should＋)动词原形”，should可以省略。 [链接写作]——句型转换 ④They insisted that he (should) be present at the ceremony． →They 　insisted on　 his/him being present at the ceremony． [间考单词] 1．influential adj．有影响力的，有支配力的 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空/补全句子 ①While all types of bags have some influence 　on/upon　 the environment, it has long been supposed that paper bags are kinder． ②It's said that the earliest sculptures were made 　under　 the influence of Greek art． ③She wanted to work for a bigger and more 　influential　 (influence) newspaper． ④Chaplin was not just a genius; he was among 　the most influential figures in film history　． 卓别林不仅仅是天才，也是电影史上最有影响力的人物之一。 ⑤　Under the influence of his deskmate　， he has made great progress since last week． 在他同桌的影响下，自上周以来他已经取得了很大的进步。 2．panic vi．& vt．使惊慌n．惊慌；恐慌 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空/补全句子 ①There is no point getting into 　a　 panic about the exams． ②The crowd 　panicked　 (panic) at the sound of the guns． ③After hearing the news the crowd ran out 　in　 panic． ④(2023·北京卷)But this time I had the perspective (视角) to keep it from sending me 　into　 panic． ⑤The big fire panicked people 　into　 running out of the building． ⑥I screamed 　in panic　 when I found the door was locked． 当我发现门被锁上时， 我惊慌地大叫起来。 3．astonish vt．使吃惊；使十分惊讶 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空/一句多译 ①(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Given the 　astonishing　(astonish)potential of AI to transform our lives，we all need to take action to deal with our AI­powered future． ②Lindsey's husband was totally 　astonished　 (astonish) by the unexpected visit． ③He was astonished 　to see　 (see) how his hometown had changed in the past 10 years． 使我特别惊讶的是，她仍然记得我的名字。 ④　Much to my astonishment　，she still remembered my name．(astonishment) ⑤　What astonished me most was that　 she still remembered my name．(astonish) 1．on behalf of代表(代替)某人 ►[教材对接] Between 1405 and 1433, on behalf of the Ming Dynasty Zheng He made a total of seven voyages． 1405年到1433年期间，郑和代表明朝总共进行了七次航行。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①On behalf 　of　 the class I would like to thank you all． ②The manager cannot be here, so I will host the meeting on 　his　 behalf． ③PRC stands 　for　 the People's Republic of China． [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)on behalf of sb．/on sb．'s behalf 代表(或代替)某人；因为某人；为了某人 (2)in behalf of sb．/in sb．'s behalf 为了某人的利益 (3)stand for 代表；象征；支持 [链接写作]——完成句子 ④The president can't be here today, so I am going to speak 　on his behalf/on behalf of him　． 总统今天不能来，所以我要代表他发言。 2．regardless of不管；不顾 ►[教材对接] Regardless of all the challenges, Columbus managed to keep everyone out of danger with his knowledge and bravery across the ocean． 哥伦布不顾所有的挑战，凭借自己的知识和勇气，确保大家都平安越过海洋。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①She is determined to do it regardless 　of　 all consequences． ②(2023·全国乙卷)　In　 spite of the court hearing testimonials (证明) of her ability as a doctor, she was banned from medicine． ③With regard 　to　 my favorite Chinese poet, I'd like to introduce Du Fu to you． [考点归纳]——知识生成 despite/in spite of 尽管；不管 with regard to 关于；至于 [温示提示]　(1)regardless of强调不认为……重要，从而不加以重视或考虑。 (2)regardless of．．．后可接whether, what引导的从句，而despite/in spite of后常接名词，不接从句。 [链接写作]——完成句子 ④In addition, the Internet makes surveying and voting easy and convenient，　regardless of time and space　． 除此之外，网络使调查和投票无论在时间上还是空间上变得容易、方便了。 3．contrary to相反的；相对立的 ►[教材对接] Contrary to popular history books, most academic books tend to adopt a more analytical and serious approach to studying history． 与通俗历史读物相反，大多数学术著作往往采用更具分析性、更严肃的方式研究历史。 [语境练悟]——用contrary的短语填空 ①　Contrary to　 some reports, the number of crime is dropping． ②It wasn't a good thing；　on the contrary　， it was a huge mistake． [考点归纳]——知识生成 on the contrary 恰恰相反；与此相反(作状语) to the contrary 相反的；相反地(作定语) [链接写作]——完成句子 ③　Contrary to ordinary belief　，moderate exercise actually decreases your appetite． 与通常的看法相反，适度的运动事实上会降低食欲。 1．非真实条件句的虚拟语气 ►[教材对接] If you had a time machine, which dynasty would you go back to? 如果你有时间机器，你想回到哪个朝代？ [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①If I were a boy, I 　would　 (will) turn off my phone． ②If there were a heavy snow next Sunday，we 　would　 (will) go skating． [考点归纳]——知识生成 虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的运用 类别 从句谓语动词 主句谓语动词 与过去事实相反 had＋过去分词 should/would/could/might＋have＋过去分词 与现在事实相反 过去式(be用were) should/would/could/might＋动词原形 与将来事实相反 过去式(be用were) should/would/could/might＋动词原形 should＋动词原形 were to＋动词原形 [链接写作]——完成句子 ③If they had helped us, we 　would not have failed it　． 如果他们帮助了我们，我们就不会失败了。 2．物＋witness ＋宾语，拟人修饰法 ►[教材对接] His voyages opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration, a period which witnessed many important geographical findings． 他的航海活动开启了大航海时代的新篇章，那是一个见证许多重大地理发现的时期。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①I think she will witness 　against　 him． ②Mr．Brown was a witness 　to　 the accident． ③Is there anyone who 　witnessed　 (witness) the robbery? [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)witness sth．/that．．． 证明……/见证…… witness against．．． 证明……有罪 witness for．．． 证明……无罪；为……辩护 (2)be a witness to sth．/doing sth．是……的目击者/证人 give/bear witness to/of．．． 为……作证 [链接写作]——完成句子 ④However, her children have learned an important lesson 　witnessing their mother earn her degree　． 然而，她的孩子们在目睹母亲获得学位的过程中学到了重要的一课。 [全练透] Ⅰ．单词拼写 1．Spending quality time together can 　strengthen　 (增强) the relationship between parents and children． 2．Only after he was brought to the police station did the boy 　acknowledge　 (承认) he had stolen some purses from other passengers． 3．What she said 　convinced　 (确信) me that she was the right person for the position． 4．Nowadays, many famous poets in ancient China and their great works are still 　influential　 (有影响的)． 5．Extra warmth from sunlight can put an additional 　load　 (负荷) on the airconditioning system． 6．Lockers are 　available　 (可获得的) to store any belongings during your visit． 7．It will 　facilitate　 (促进)the culture and commitment that the firm hopes to build． 8．I'm leaving in an hour and I haven't 　packed　 (打包) yet! 9．The young couple has just 　adopted　 (领养) a homeless girl surviving the great earthquake． Ⅱ．单句语法填空 1．It is a 　harmonious　 (harmony) community where pupils are happy and industrious (勤劳的)． 2．The government tried to convince its citizens 　of　 the safety of travelling by airplane． 3．As electronic products become more and more popular, our handwriting is 　influenced　 (influential) badly． 4．We must 　strengthen　 (strength) our unity in the face of powerful enemies． 5．While working in the ward, he only dared to eat and drink a little when he felt 　exceptionally　 (exceptional) hungry and thirsty． 6．WHO declared that the coronavirus outbreak was a global health emergency, 　acknowledging　 (acknowledge) that the disease was a risk beyond China． 7．In the forest, sound is a better means of communication over distance in 　comparison　 (compare) with light． 8．He always bemoans (抱怨) the shortage 　of　 funds for research． 9．She talked about her beautiful bear skin, and Kay felt as if he was sinking 　into　 a pile of snow． 10．All night long he lay awake，　thinking　 (think) of the problem． Ⅲ．选词填空 on behalf of, contribute to，contrary to，sort out, in panic，allow for，regardless of，be loaded with，declare war on, get in touch with 1．　Contrary to　 what people expect，the play has proved to be very successful． 2．　On behalf of　 my parents, I like to thank all our guests for attending my brother's wedding dinner． 3．You have to 　allow for　 a certain amount of error． 4．Taking regular exercise 　contributes to　 good health． 5．When you are in London, you might 　get in touch with　 a friend of mine． 6．She was 　in panic　 and forgot to call the police for help． 7．It takes in anybody 　regardless of　 religion，colour． 8．It's time to 　declare war on　 various pollutions． 9．She spent a whole afternoon 　sorting out　 her stamps． 10．This message will 　be loaded with　 lots and lots of energy． Ⅳ．完成句子 1．太阳开始在天上升起来，把山沐浴在金色阳光里。 The sun began to rise in the sky, 　bathing the mountain in golden light　． 2．他努力使妻子相信他是清白的。 He tried hard to 　convince his wife of his innocence　． 3．令公众惊讶的是，到目前为止，政府还没有对这个问题做出反应。 　To the astonishment of the public　， up to now, the government hasn't reacted to the problem． 4．我代替约翰来这领奖，因为他今天感觉不舒服。 I am here to receive this award 　on behalf of John　， for he's not feeling well today． 5．他们轮流上夜班。 They were taking turns to 　be on the night shift　． [重落实] Ⅰ．单元巩固练 短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请按要求补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法。 Between 1405 and 1433, on behalf of the Yongle Emperor, Zheng He, one of China's most 1．　influential　 (influence) explorers，made a total of seven voyages． His ships, 2．　loaded　 (load) with china，silk, tea and other treasures ，paid friendly visits to more than 30 countries and regions．Zheng He's seven voyages had a farreaching impact 3．　on　 China and its neighbours,4．　exposing　 (expose) foreign people to Chinese culture, and allowing the Chinese to 5．　better　 (well) understand overseas lands． Christopher Columbus, an 6．　Italian　 (Italy) explorer，made his first voyage from Spain with three ships 7．　carrying　 (carry) about 90 crewmen after continuous attempts on 3 August 1492．The journey was full of 8．　challenges　 (challenge)．Finally on 12 October 1492，Columbus reached the Caribbean．Between 1493 9．　and　 1504，he found more land over the course of his three subsequent voyages．His voyages marked the beginning of the Age of Exploration, allowing 10．　for　 an international exchange of ideas and cultures． Ⅱ．话题微写作(告知信) 假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter给你发邮件，想了解中国改革开放以来的变化以及人们对中国未来发展的期待。请你给他回邮件，内容包括： 1．居住环境的变化； 2．出行方式的变化； 3．对中国未来发展的期待。 注意：1．词数80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Peter， ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua [参考范文] 　Dear Peter，　 In your last e­mail you said you wanted to know the great changes in China since reform and opening­up．I'm now writing to tell you something about them． Let's take the living conditions and transportation for example．Many years ago, most people in China lived in small houses where it was cold in winter．Now, people live in large houses equipped with heating systems．Bicycles used to be the main transportation．Now private cars have become household items．In the future, Chinese people will keep pace with the latest science and technology development． I hope you can come and see what China is like in person some day． 　Yours，　 　Li Hua　 Ⅲ．读后续写微技能(23)——动作描写“脚(foot)” ●[多样表达] 1．barefoot adj．& adv．赤脚的(地) 2．jump/rise to one's feet跳起来/站起来 3．tap/stamp one's feet跺脚 4．in bare foot光着脚 5．get/leap to one's feet直起身来/跳起来 6．drag one's feet拖着脚步 7．put one's feet up跷起脚休息 8．walk on the street aimlessly漫无目的地走在大街上 9．slip away溜走了 10．creep up to蹑手蹑脚地去…… ●[佳句观摩] 1．当她父母让她回家时，她正跷着脚看电视。 She was putting her feet up and watching TV when her parents asked her to return home． 2．当她听到这个消息时，她跳了起来。 She jumped to her feet when she heard the news． 3．一开始她双脚钉在地上，不肯动。 At first，she planted her feet firmly to the ground and refused to move． 4．她爸爸不耐烦地跺着脚。 Her father tapped his feet impatiently． ●[好句仿写] 1．他们生气地把她拖出宾馆，她的脚乱踢。(with复合结构) They carried her out of the hotel angrily，　with her feet kicking　． 2．她磨磨蹭蹭很不情愿地跟随父母回了家。 She 　dragged her feet　 as she unwillingly followed her parents home． 3．一到家她就脱下鞋子，光着脚飞快地跑到自己卧室中。(形容词作状语) On arriving home，she pulled off her shoes and dashed into her bedroom，　barefoot and fast　． [培优1]　单元知识链高考 一、熟词生义 1．Don't forget to bring your sports tackle with you tomorrow．　n．用具　 2．At seven o'clock, the night nurse came in to relieve her．　v．换岗　 3．The less time I have to spend being civil to him the better．　adj．有礼貌的，客气的　 二、一词多义——根据语境选出cast的含义 A．投射　　　　　　 B．使人怀疑，造谣中伤 C．投，掷 D．选派 1．This latest evidence casts serious doubt on his version of events． 　 B 　 2．The setting sun cast an orange glow over the mountains． 　 A 　 3．The priceless treasures had been cast into the Nile．　 C 　 [培优2]　高考语篇培素养——Topic：世界历史的局限性 ◆真题文本 ◆真题再做 　　(2023·全国乙卷)If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not． Writing is one of humanity's later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate(有文字的)societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things． Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects, and some chapters of this book are able to do just that, but in many cases we simply can't． The clearest example of this between literate and non­literate history is perhaps the first conflict，at Botany Bay，between Captain Cook's voyage and the Australian Aboriginals． From the English side, we have scientific reports and the captain's record of that terrible day． From the Australian side, we have only a wooden shield(盾) dropped by a man in fight after his first experience of gunshot． If we want to reconstruct what was actually going on that day, the shield must be questioned and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reports． In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides, there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted, especially when only the victors know how to write． Those who are on the losing side often have only their things to tell their stories． The Caribbean Taino, the Australian Aboriginals, the African people of Benin and the Incas, all of whom appear in this book, can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made：a history told through things gives them back a voice． When we consider contact(联系) between literate and non­literate societies such as these, all our first­hand accounts are necessarily twisted, only one half of a dialogue． If we are to find the other half of that conversation， we have to read not just the texts, but the objects． 1．What is the first paragraph mainly about? A．How past events should be presented． B．What humanity is concerned about． C．Whether facts speak louder than words． D．Why written language is reliable． 2．What does the author indicate by mentioning Captain Cook in Paragraph 2? A．His report was significant． B．He represented the local people． C．He ruled over Botany Bay． D．His record was one­sided． 3．What does the underlined word “conversation” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Problem．　B．History． C．Voice． D．Society． 4．Which of the following books is the text most likely selected from? A．How Maps Tell Stories of the World B．A Short History of Australia C．A History of the World in 100 Objects D．How Art Works Tell Stories [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。本文讨论了仅仅依靠书面文字来讲述世界历史的局限性，并强调了将物品纳入历史叙事以便更好地理解无文字社会的重要性。 1．A　[主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not． Writing is one of humanity's later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things． (如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，一段不以人类某一部分为特权的历史，你不能仅仅通过文字来讲述，因为世界上只有一部分人的历史曾经被文字记录过，而世界上大多数人，在大多数时间里，都没有。写作是人类较晚的成就之一，直到最近，甚至许多有文字的社会也不仅用文字，而且用实物来记录他们需要的事情。)”可推知，第一段主要讲述的是历史应该如何呈现给我们。] 2．D　[推理判断题。根据文章第二段首句“Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects, and some chapters of this book are able to do just that, but in many cases we simply can't．(理想情况下，历史应该将文字和实物结合在一起，这本(历史)书的某些章节能够做到这一点，但在许多情况下，我们根本做不到。)”可推断，作者认为历史应该是文字和实物相结合的产物，但是很多情况下，我们做不到。再根据所举例子的下文“From the English side, we have scientific reports and the captain's record of that terrible day． From the Australian side, we have only a wooden shield (盾) dropped by a man in fight after his first experience of gunshot．(在英国方面，我们有科学报告和库克船长对那可怕的一天的记录。从澳大利亚方面来看，我们只有一个木制盾牌，这是一名男子在第一次经历枪击后在战斗中扔下的。)”可知，作者举这个例子是为了说明船长的记录是片面的，只从自己的角度描述了问题。] 3．B　[词义猜测题。根据划线单词上文“The Caribbean Taino, the Australian Aboriginals, the African people of Benin and the Incas, all of whom appear in this book, can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made: a history told through things gives them back a voice． When we consider contact (联系) between literate and non­literate societies such as these, all our first­hand accounts are necessarily twisted, only one half of a dialogue．(加勒比海的泰诺人、澳大利亚的土著人、贝宁的非洲人以及印加人，所有这些人都出现在这本书中，他们现在都可以通过他们制造的物品向我们讲述他们过去最强大的成就：通过物品讲述的历史给了他们一个声音。当我们考虑诸如此类的有文字社会和无文字社会之间的接触时，我们所有的第一手资料都必然是扭曲的，只有对话的一半。)”结合划线句“If we are to find the other half of that conversation, we have to read not just the texts, but the objects． (如果我们要找到对话的另一半，我们不仅要读文字，还要读物体。)”可知，我们对过去历史的了解，只是书写历史的人想要让我们了解的历史，如果我们想要了解历史的另一半，我们不仅仅要读文字也要读物体。所以conversation指的是“历史”。] 4．C　[推理判断题。根据文章第一段“If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not．(如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，一段不以人类某一部分为特权的历史，你不能仅仅通过文字来讲述，因为世界上只有一部分人的历史曾经被文字记录过，而世界上大多数人，在大多数时间里，都没有。)”结合最后一段的“If we are to find the other half of that conversation, we have to read not just the texts, but the objects． (如果我们要找到对话的另一半，我们不仅要读文字，还要读物体。)”可知，本文讲述仅仅依靠书面文字来讲述世界历史有局限性，想要更好的了解历史就要将文字和物品结合在一起。从而推断文章最有可能选自《100件实物中的世界历史》。] ◆素材积累 (一)由文本积累主题词块 1．the history of the whole world　世界历史　 2．humanity's later achievement　人类后来的成就　 3．texts and objects　文本和物体　 4．literate and non­literate history　有文字和无文字的历史　 5．in addition to 　除了……还有　 6．first­hand accounts　一手的叙述　 7．in many cases 　在很多情况下　 (二)由文本积累阅读词汇 1．privilege v．　给予特权　 2．fairly adv．　相当地　 3．conflict n．　冲突　 4．reconstruct v．　重现，使再现　 5．interpret v．　解释　 6．miscomprehension n．　误解　 7．twist v．　扭曲　 8．gunshot n．　炮击　 (三)由文本辨熟词生义(将词义代表的字母填到横线上) object A．物体　　B．宾语　　C．客观　　D．反对 ①If it is a transitive verb, what is its object？　 B 　 ②When a large object impacts the Earth, it makes a crater．　 A 　 ③I objected that he was too young for the job．　 D 　 ◆长句缩写 If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not． [句式剖析]　请将句中的“枝叶”(名词短语、介词短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从句)去掉，留下“主干”(主谓宾或主系表)。 (If you want to tell the history of the whole world)， (a history)(that does not privilege one part of humanity)， you cannot do it through texts alone，［(because only some of the world has ever had texts)， (most of the world，(for most of the time)， has not)]． [句子缩写]　 You cannot do it through texts alone.　(不超过10个单词) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $