10 必修第三册 Unit 2 Natural disasters（配套教参Word版）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮讲义（译林版）

该高中英语高考复习讲义聚焦词汇、语法、阅读、写作等核心考点，按“单词-短语-句式-语篇”逻辑架构整合知识点，通过拓展单词词性转换、核心短语用法归纳、经典句式结构分析建立内在联系。教学流程涵盖考点梳理（如injure系列词形变化）、方法指导（易混词辨析）、真题训练（2024新课标原句解析），帮助学生系统突破难点。 资料以“语境化深度学习”为特色，核心单词通过教材对接、语境练悟、考点归纳提升语言能力，经典句式采用“原句-分析-写作”模式培养思维品质。设置分层练习（单句语法填空、话题微写作），配合高考语篇素材积累，保障复习效率，助力学生提升应试技能，为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰指导。

高考原句 句式分析 汉语试译 1.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades' professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. 本句为but连接的并列复合句。在第一个分句中包含一个限制性定语从句that powers AI，修饰先行词the computer code。 由能力不够的人来写，这本书可能会像人工智能的计算机代码一样复杂，但值得庆幸的是，Campbell拥有二十多年的专业经验，可以将枯燥的内容转化为通俗易懂的内容。 2.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)As we soon come to learn from AI by Design, AI is already super­smart and will become more capable, moving from the current generation of “narrow­AI” to Artificial General Intelligence. 本句是一个主从复合句。As引导非限制性定语从句，moving from... to... 为v.­ing短语作伴随状语。 从AI by Design中我们很快就会了解到，人工智能已经非常智能，并且将变得更加强大，从当前的“狭义人工智能”一代向通用人工智能发展。 [Part 1　巧记·课标单词] 写作单词|悉其识 1.　disaster　 n. 　　　灾难，灾害 2.　crash　 n．&v. 碰撞声，碰撞 3.　signal　 vi.&vt. 发信号，示意 n. 信号；标志 4.　exit　 v. 出去；离去 5.　orderly　 adj. 有秩序的 6.　hug　 vt. 拥抱，搂抱 7.　procedure　 n. 程序，步骤 8.　conference　 n. 会议，研讨会 9.　supply　 n. 补给，补给品 10.　staff　 n. 全体职工 11.　flood　 n. 洪水，水灾 v. 淹没，泛滥 12.　downstairs　 adv. 在楼下 n. 楼下 13.　document　 n. 　　　　文件，公文 14.　otherwise　 adv. 否则，不然 15.　unearth　 vt. 使出土，挖掘 16.　destination　 n. 目的地，终点 17.　unbearable　 adj. 难耐的 18.　beyond　 adv. 在较远处 prep. 在更远处 19.　pattern　 n. 图案，花样 20.　rescue　 n．&vt. 救援 21.　sharp　 adj. 灵敏的，锋利的 22.　retire　 v. 退休 23.　import　 n. 进口产品；输入 24.　locate　 vt. 找出……的准确位置 拓展单词|通其用 1.　injure　 vt.损害；伤害→　injury　 n．伤害；损害→　injured　 adj.受伤的 2.　react　 vi.作出反应；回应→　reaction　 n．反应；回应 3.　confirm　 v．(尤指通过提供更多证据)证实，进一步确定→　confirmation　 n．证实，证明 4.　occur　 vi.发生；出现→　occurrence　 n．发生 5.　relief　 n．(痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物→　relieve　 vt.使减轻；缓解 6.　destroy　 vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭→　destructive　 adj.破坏(性)的 7.　inform　 vt.告知；通知→　information　 n．信息 8.　shock　 vt.&vi.(使)震惊；震动 n．休克；打击；震惊→　shocking　 adj.令人震惊的→　shocked　 adj.感到震惊的 9.　scared　 adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→　scare　 vt.&vi.惊吓；使害怕；受惊吓 10.　vary　 vi.变化；多样→　various　 adj.不同的；各种各样的 11.　power　 n．能力；力量；权力→　powerful　 adj.强大的；有感染力的→　powerless　 adj.无力的；没有能力的 12.　curious　 adj.好奇的→　curiosity　 n．好奇心→　curiously　 adv.好奇地 13.　donate　 vt.捐赠；捐赠物→　donation　 n．捐赠→　donator　 n．捐赠者 14.　erupt　 vi.(指火山)爆发；突然发生→　eruption　 n．火山爆发；(战争等)爆发 15.　distant　 adj.远的；远处的→　distance　 n．远方 阅读单词|明其义 1.county n． 郡，县 2.stair n. 　 楼梯，梯级　 3.roll n. 　 名单；卷　 v. 　 翻滚　 4.odd adj. 　奇怪的，怪异的　 5.typhoon n. 　台风　 6.pole n．　　　　柱，杆，极 7.hurricane n. 　飓风　 8.charity n. 　 慈善机构　 9.slide n．&v. 　幻灯片；滑行　 10.trunk n. 　树干　 11.column n. 　柱，圆柱；栏 子话题1　各种自然灾害 子话题2　造成的危害 ①flood n．洪水 ②hurricane n．飓风 ③sandstorm n．沙尘暴 ④typhoon n．台风 ⑤volcano n．火山 ⑥snowstorm n．暴风雪 ⑦tornado n．龙卷风 ⑧tsunami n．海啸 ⑨landslide n．山体滑坡 ⑩drought n．旱灾；干旱 ①terrify vt.使恐惧；使惊吓 ②ash n．灰；灰烬 ③victim n．受害者 ④catastrophe n．灾难；灾祸 ⑤radioactive adj.放射性的 ⑥panic n．&vi.惊慌；恐慌 ⑦muddy adj.泥泞的 ⑧lava n．熔岩；岩浆 ⑨melt vi.融化 ⑩tidal adj.潮汐的；有涨落的 ⑪worsen vi.(使)恶化 ⑫fierce adj.狂暴的；恶劣的 [Part 2　妙记·核心短语] 1.　at_large　 　　　　整个，全部 2.　safe_and_sound　 安然无恙的 3.　occur_to　 被想到，浮现在眼前 4.　keep_one's_head　 保持冷静 5.　run_out_of_　 用完，耗尽　 6.in case　　　　如果，万一 7.the moment 　一……就　 8.above all 　 尤其是　 9.break out 　 爆发　 10.far and wide 到处，各处　 1. “v.＋out”短语集锦 2.“用完；耗尽”短语多棱镜 ①let out发出；放走；泄露 ②leave out 省去；遗漏；不考虑 ③break out 突然开始，爆发 ④make out 理解；辨认出 ⑤pick out 挑出；辨认出 ⑥figure out 理解；弄清 ②run out 用完(不及物) ③use up 用完(及物) ④give out 耗尽(不及物) ⑤be/get burnt out 筋疲力尽 ⑥be tired out 筋疲力尽 [Part 3　速记·经典句式] 典型句式 教材原句 1.before 引导的时间状语从句 The beach was rapidly cleared of people, 　just_before_the_huge waves_crashed_into_the_coast_　 (就在巨浪冲进海岸之前)． 2.only to do 作结果状语 That morning, I turned on the TV for some local news, 　only_to_hear_that_a_hurricane_was_on_its_way　 (结果却听到了飓风就要来了)． 3.不定式符号to的省略 The roads were blocked, so there was nothing for me to do 　but_stay_inside　 (只能待在里面). 4.情态动词＋have done The hurricane 　must_have_caused　 (一定造成) a lot of damage and suffering. 5.as if 引导方式状语从句 Its walls were fresh 　as_if_painted_yesterday　 (好像是昨天才粉刷过的)…… [核心单词] [教材对接] Only 5 students suffered slight injuries, despite the current figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured in the disaster area at large. 尽管目前整个灾区的伤亡情况是7人死亡，200多人受伤，但(在这所学校)只有5名学生受了轻伤。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)．.., where she learned that she had serious 　injuries　 (injure) in one of her knees. ②Ambulances took the 　injured　 (injure) to a nearby hospital. ③If you try and lift that heavy suitcase，you will do an injury 　to　 yourself. [考点归纳]——知识生成 1 injury n.伤害，损害 do sb. an injury/do an injury to sb.伤害某人 2injured adj.受伤的 get injured 受伤,the injured 伤者 [链接写作]——完成句子 ④I was wearing a seat belt.If I hadn't been wearing one, I 　would_have_been_injured　. 我那时系着安全带呢。如果没系安全带的话，我就受伤了。 [易混辨析] injure 一般指由于意外或事故而受伤，也可表示损害名誉、自尊等。 hurt 一般用语，既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上的伤害，还可用作不及物动词，意为“疼痛”。 wound 指外伤(如刀伤、枪伤、剑伤等)，尤指在战争、战斗中受伤。 harm 特指伤及一个人或其健康、权利、事业等，并使之痛苦、造成损害等。 [学以致用]——用injure, hurt, wound, harm的正确形式填空 ⑤Don't 　harm　 your eyes by reading in poor light. ⑥Two people have been seriously 　injured　 in a road accident. ⑦I'm really sorry.I didn't mean to 　hurt　 your feelings. ⑧He got 　wounded　 in the war. ⑨My chest 　hurts　 when I make a deep breath, doctor. ►[教材对接] She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an orderly line covering their heads with their hands. 她示意学生们抱着头，排好队，有序离开教室。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①In addition，their arms that are unnecessary for moving around are freed for other purposes，like throwing stones or 　signaling　 (signal)． ②She signaled 　that　 she was about to turn left. ③As soon as he sat down at the table，he signaled 　to　 the waiter to bring the menu. [考点归纳]——知识生成 1signal to sb.to do sth.示意某人做某事 signal to sb. that... 示意某人…… 2a traffic signal 交通信号 send out a signal 发出信号 [链接写作]——句式升级 The bell rang，and signaled that school was over. ④The bell rang, 　which_signaled_that_school_was_over　.(非限制性定语从句) ⑤The bell rang, 　signaling_that_school_was_over　.(分词作状语) ►[教材对接] It immediately occurred to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami. 她立刻意识到这些是海啸来临的征兆。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①It occurred 　to　 me that I should help my mother do more housework. ②Now it occurred to him 　that　 his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck. ③(2022·北京卷)Tracking of 150 biochemicals in food has been important in revealing the relationships between calories, sugar, fat and the 　occurrence　 (occur) of common diseases. [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)sth.occurs to sb.某人突然想起某事 It occurs to/strikes/hits sb.that... 某人突然想起…… It occurs to sb.to do sth.某人突然想起做某事 (2)occurrence n．发生 [链接写作]——完成句子 ④It occurred to me 　that_I_had_met_him_somewhere　. 我突然想起在什么地方见过他。 ►[教材对接] To her great relief, the officer immediately realized the coming danger. 使她大为宽慰的是，这名安全员立即意识到了即将到来的危险。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)He tried muscle­relaxing drugs but found little 　relief　(relieve)． ②The boy came back safe and sound.What 　a　 relief! ③We can go shopping and travelling 　with　 relief during summer vacation. [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)to one's relief 令某人欣慰的是 with relief 欣慰地，如释重负地 It's a relief to do sth. 做某事是令人欣慰的事情 (2) relieve v．减轻 relieve sb. of... 减轻某人的……，将某人从……中解脱出来 (3)relieved adj.感到宽慰的 [链接写作]——完成句子 ④(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)　These_stories_can_relieve_my_stress　 and broaden my horizon. 这些故事可以消除我的压力和拓展我的视野。 ► [教材对接] Remember to inform yourself of what is going on. 记得告知自己正在发生什么。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①(2024·1月浙江卷)A similar process is at work in our response to　_information　 (inform)． ②On March 19，Dennis got a group text 　informing　 (inform) him that a couple he didn't know were at the hospital. ③The boss asked his secretary to keep him well 　informed_　(inform) of the programme's progress. [考点归纳]——知识生成 1inform sb.of sth.告诉/通知某人某事 inform sb.that/when/how... 通知某人…… keep sb.informed of... 使某人随时了解…… 2information n.[U] 通知；消息；情报；信息 [链接写作]——句式升级 ④He informed the company of the ship's safe arrival. →　He_informed_the_company_that_the_ship_had_arrived_safely　. (改为复合句) ►[教材对接] Luckily, many people came to help, donating food and clothes to charities. 幸运的是，许多人来帮忙，捐赠食物和衣服给慈善机构。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①This has led companies and individuals to donate money 　to　 developing countries to buy computer equipment and Internet facilities. ②Besides，we made a 　donation　 (donate) of 120,000 yuan to you，expecting that it can help you get through the difficulties. [考点归纳]——知识生成 1donate sth. to sb. 捐赠某物给某人 2donation n.捐赠；捐献 3donator n.捐赠者 [链接写作]——完成句子 ③Shortly after the earthquake，many people　hurried_to_the_hospital_to_donate_ their_blood　. 地震过后不久，许多人迅速去医院献血。 [间考单词] [语境练悟]——单句语法填空/补全句子 ①The boy was happy to have escaped 　being_noticed　 (notice) among the people. ②(2023·1月浙江卷)The adult bees were angry and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped 　from　 the tree. ③The man had 　a　 narrow escape the other day. ④Mary spoke to me, but 　her_name_escaped_me　 at that moment. 玛丽和我说话，但那个时候我没有想起她的名字。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空/补全句子 ①Please share how you reacted 　to　 the situation and the cause of your 　reaction　 (react) in the last emergency. ②—How did he react 　to　 his father's suggestion? —He reacted strongly 　against　 it and refused to accept it. ③In the past, there was often an automatic 　reaction　 (react) to increased traffic；just widen the roads... ④Many young people 　react_against_traditional_values_and_want_to_live_freely　. 很多年轻人反对传统价值观，想要自由地生活。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空/补全句子 ①(2024·1月浙江卷)In her first PE class, Eva was 　shocked　 (shock) when Coach Pitt announced that everyone had to run one mile around the track outside. ②Most of the people all over the world were angry at the 　shocking　 (shock) violence. ③The people present at the meeting were shocked 　to_see　 (see) the boss rush out. ④I was shocked 　that　 he could be so careless. ⑤Jones 　was_shocked　 when she said that she didn't actually mind being cheated. 当她说事实上她不介意被骗时，琼斯很震惊。 ►[教材对接] At the same time, Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door, in case it became damaged during the shaking and could not open. 同时，布朗小姐迅速打开教室门，以防教室门在晃动时损坏而无法打开。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①(2021·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)My mother was so touched by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier (收银员) a fivedollar bill to keep on hand 　in　 case the same happened to someone else if they didn't have enough money for all of their groceries. ②(2023·全国乙卷)Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects, and some chapters of this book are able to do just that, but 　in　 many cases we simply can't. ③In no case 　do　 we believe that he is so generous. ④I can think of many cases in 　which　 students knew quite a few English words and expressions but couldn't write a good essay. [考点归纳]——知识生成 in case假使；以防万一 in case of 假如发生；万一发生 in any case 无论如何 in no case 决不 in this/that case 假使这样/那样的话 as is often the case 这是常有的事 [误区释疑]　(1)in case后常常接句子；in case of后常常接名词。 (2)in no case位于句首时，句子用部分倒装。 [链接写作]——完成句子 ⑤　As_is_often_the_case　，anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 对于那些心存希望的人，一切皆有可能，这是常有的事。 ►[教材对接] Were you afraid of running out of supplies? 你害怕耗尽补给吗？ [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①I ran 　across　 him at a conference in Milan. ②It's irresponsible of you to run 　away　 from the difficulties. ③It is said that John's always running 　after　 younger women. ④The driver of a large truck，unable to stop in time，ran 　into　 our car. [考点归纳]——知识生成 1run out 用完；用尽 2run across 偶然遇到 3run away from 逃离；躲避 4run after 追赶；追求 5run into 撞上；遇到 [名师点津]　run out of 用完，是及物动词短语，后面跟宾语；run out 是不及物动词短语，后面不跟宾语。 [链接写作]——完成句子 ⑤　If_they_run_out_of_certain_daily_necessities　， Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase. 如果他们用完了某些日常必需品，威尔逊就开车去最近的商店去购买。 ►[教材对接] The cries of women broke out; the men looked at each other, but were silent. 女人的哭声爆发了，男人们互相看着，但保持沉默。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①The band broke 　up　 about 1970，but happily they reunited in the mid1980s. ②Close the door and windows carefully to prevent some strangers breaking 　into　 your house. ③Don't break 　in　 when he is telling his own story. ④You'll break 　down　 sooner or later if you go on working like that. [考点归纳]——知识生成 break down 出故障；失败；垮掉；分解 break in 破门而入；打断谈话等 break into 强行闯入；突然……起来 break up打碎；分裂；解体 break away from 脱离；挣脱 [链接写作]——完成句子 ⑤At last the firefighters put out the fire in the supermarket，　which_broke_out_at_ten_this_ morning　. 最后，消防人员扑灭了超市大火，这场大火是上午10点开始燃烧的。 ►[教材对接] The beach was rapidly cleared of people, just before the huge waves crashed into the coast. 就在巨浪冲进海岸之前，海滩上很快就没有人了。 [语境练悟]——写出下列句子中before的汉语意思 ①(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now－several decades before these developments are expected to take place.　在……之前　 ②It will be five years before we meet again.　……之后才……　 ③It will not be long before the despot(暴君) comes to his end. 　(不久)就……　 ④He took the bad news out of his mouth before I could stop him.　还没来得及就……　 [考点归纳]——知识生成 用 法 归 纳 含 before 的常用句式有： (1)It won't be long before...“用不了多久就 会……”(before从句用一般现在时) (2)It wasn't long before...“没过多久就……”(before从句 用一般过去时) (3)It will be＋一段时间＋before...“要过若干时间之后 才……”(before从句用一般现在时) (4)It was＋一段时间＋before...“过了若干时间 才……”(before从句用一般过去时) 注 意 事 项 before conj.常用来表示从句动作发生之前的时间，译法灵活。 ①还没来得及……就…… ②……之后才…… ③在……之前 ④(不久)就…… ⑤以免…… ⑥趁着…… (还没有) [链接写作]——完成句子 ⑤He told me a helicopter was on its way, but 　 it_would_be_30_minutes_before _it_arrived　. 他告诉我一架直升机正在路上，但要过30分钟才能到达。 ⑥　It_didn't_take_long_before　 they walked through the front door carrying a big box. 没过多久，他们就提着一个大箱子走进前门。 ►[教材对接] The hurricane must have caused a lot of damage and suffering. 飓风一定造成了很大的破坏和痛苦。 [语境练悟]——语段填词 ①Looking at the large empty apartment，I became aware of how lonely my mother 　must_have_been　 (一定也很……) in Brazil herself. ②The boy 　might_have_known　 (也许知道了) the truth，but I am not quite sure. ③I didn't see her in the meeting room this morning.She 　couldn't_have_spoken　 (不可能讲话) at the meeting. [考点归纳]——知识生成 情态动词＋have done 对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测 must have done sth. “(过去)一定做了某事”；语气比较肯定；用于肯定句。 can (could) have done sth. “本能够做某事”；用于否定句和疑问句，表示对过去发生的行为的怀疑或不确定。 may (might) have done sth. “(过去)可能/也许做了某事”；语气不确定；用于肯定句和否定句。 [链接写作]——完成句子 ④My mindless words 　must_have_hurt_him　. 我无心的话一定伤害了他。 [全练透] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Natural 　disasters　 (灾难) are reminders of the power of nature. 2．The man's 　reaction　 (反应) to the event surprised all the people present. 3．She stormed out of the room and 　crashed　 (撞击) the door shut behind her. 4．You can't imagine the 　destructive　 (毁灭性的) power of modern weapons. 5．What is the usual 　procedure　 (程序) for setting up a new school? 6．Thanks to all the kind people, who 　donated　 (捐赠) generously during the 2008 Sichuan earthquake, we could rebuild our hometown. 7．When questioned, he was too 　shocked　 (震惊) to describe what had happened when the attack took place. 8．His work must have been completed; 　otherwise　 (否则), he wouldn't be enjoying himself on the beach. 9．The company 　exports　 (出口) goods to over 40 different countries. 10．It is the only place 　beyond　 (在……之外) the Earth to have been visited by humans. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．　To　 our relief, most children have access to good education. 2．We keep them 　informed　(inform)of ary changes as they crise. 3．The little bird was lucky enough to escape 　being_caught　 (catch). 4．The policeman signalled him 　to_turn　 (turn) left by waving his hand towards the left. 5．My elder brother fell off his motorbike yesterday and got badly 　injured　 (injure). 6．You'd better call the airline 　to_confirm　 (confirm) your flight reservation a week before you set off for Ottawa. 7．For just a small 　donation　 (donate) you can take a tour with our garden guide. 8．He looked a little 　scared　 (scare) to meet us, but started to smile shyly after my mom hugged him. 9．All the people were　_shocked　 (shock) to hear that a school bus fell into a river. 10．She hurried to the playground, only 　to_be_told　 (tell) that the games had been canceled due to the heavy rain. Ⅲ.选词填空 at large， safe and sound， occur to， keep one's head， run out of， in case， break out， far and wide 1．The doctor shares his phone number with the patient 　in_case　 they need medical assistance. 2．Before the government makes a decision, they should consider the opinions of the public 　at_large　. 3．Having been missing for three days, the girl returned home 　_safe_and_sound　 at last, which made her parents relieved. 4．No matter what difficulties we are faced with, we should 　keep_our_head　 and hold the belief that we can go through. 5．If we keep using the water like this, we will soon 　run_out_of　 it. 6．Fighting has 　broken_out　 on the border and is expected to continue until a settlement is reached. 7．The idea 　occurred_to　 him in a dream. 8．He spread his net 　far_and_wide_　 in his search for success. Ⅳ.完成句子 1．现在阳光明媚，但我还是会带上一把雨伞以防万一。 The sun is shining, but 　I'll_take_an_umbrella_just_in_case　. 2．糟糕的天气使工程只完成了一半。 The bad weather left 　the_project_half_finished　. 3．他自从上台，已执政将近五年了。 Since he came to power, he 　has_been_in_power　 for almost five years. 4．昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。 　It_must_have_rained_last_night　， for the ground is wet. 5．昨天两名犯人企图从监狱逃跑。 Two prisoners tried to 　escape_from_the_prison　 yesterday. [重落实] Ⅰ.单元巩固练 短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请按要求补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法。 FALMONT － On 17 March, 476 students and 36 teachers at Falmont Primary School escaped an earthquake. Only 5 students suffered slight injuries, despite the current figures of 7 1.　killed　 (kill) and over 200 injured in the disaster area. There were loud 2.　crashes　 (crash) of glass breaking and things falling to the ground. Miss Brown, head teacher at Falmont Primary School, 3.　signalled　 (signal) to her students to exit the classroom in an orderly line 4.　covering　 (cover) their heads with hands. After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound, they relaxed, 5.　laughing　 (laugh), crying and hugging each other. NEWDALE －On 20 December, a series of huge waves 6.　caused　 (cause) by undersea earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore Beach. A 10year­old girl, Sabrina Andron, helped around 100 people escape danger. She had warned her parents 7.　of　 the danger. She had just learnt about tsunamis in a Geography lesson. It immediately 8.　occurred　 (occur) to her that these were signs of an 9.　approaching　 (approach) tsunami. The beach was rapidly cleared 10.　of　 people, just before the huge waves crashed into the coast. Ⅱ.话题微写作(演讲稿) 假定你是李华，请根据下面要点，就面对自然灾害应该怎么做写一篇演讲稿，主题为“How to Deal with Natural Disasters”。 1．自然灾害造成的损失惨重； 2．应掌握有关自然灾害的知识并做好充分准备； 3．自然灾害来临时，要坚定信念，团结一致，保持镇静，努力自救和帮助他人。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．尽量使用本单元知识点。 How to Deal with Natural Disasters ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] How to Deal with Natural Disasters Natural disasters, such as floods, earthquakes and tsunamis, can happen at any time. They often cause a sad loss of life and damage. How should we deal with them? First of all, we should master rich knowledge about natural disasters and make adequate preparations for them. Secondly, when natural disasters really happen, we should have a firm belief and unite to fight against them. As the old saying goes, “Many hands make light work.” Moreover, we should keep calm and try to save ourselves and help others. Only in this way can we defeat natural disasters in the end. Ⅲ.读后续写微技能(10)——“有关走和跑的表达” ●[多样表达] 1．stroll v．闲逛 2．tiptoe v．蹑手蹑脚 3．march v．列队走 4．limp v．瘸着脚走 5．wander v．漫步 6．pace restlessly不安地走动 7．make a running step back跑着后退 8．dash out冲出去 9．bounce up跳起 10．chase after追逐 11．drag one's legs拖着双腿 12．head for/to前往 13．leap up一跃而起 14．limp all the way一路跛行 15．move about/around四处走动 16．quicken one's pace加快步伐 17．rush/dash into冲进 18．slide into/steal into溜进 19．slip out of从……溜走 20．spring to one's feet立刻站起来 21．struggle to one's feet挣扎着站起来 22．walk on tiptoe踮着脚尖走 23．wander down the road沿着路漫步 24．walk on the street aimlessly 漫无目的地在大街上走着 25．pace back and forth来回踱步 26．stroll aimlessly through the streets 毫无目的地在街上游荡 27．walk arm in arm臂挽着臂走 28．wander over the countryside在乡间漫步 ●[佳句观摩] 1．她溜下床，踮起脚尖走向窗户。 She slipped out of bed and tiptoed to the window. 2．小黄人向门冲去，逃离了现场。 The minion made a rush for the door and escaped from the scene. 3．然后丽莎站起身来，穿过人群向我走来。 Then Lisa stood up and made her way through the crowd toward me. 4．贝尔·林格若有所思地点点头，弗兰妮赶紧去招待她的其他客人。 Belle Ringer nodded thoughtfully，and Frannie hurried off to wait on the rest of her tables. ●[好句仿写] 1．她起身朝出口走去。 She 　stood_up_and_headed_towards　 the exit. 2．他们手拉手沿着小路走。 They 　walked_hand_in_hand　 along the path. 3．这个可怜的人既失望又沮丧，回到了家里。 Disappointed and frustrated，the poor man 　made_his_way_back_to　 his family. 4．鲁本跑向水街，吓得浑身发抖。 Reuben 　ran/rushed_down　 Water Street，trembling with great panic. [培优1]　单元知识链高考 一、熟词生义 1．(山东卷)Before the film began，each woman was asked to help herself to a snack.An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first.　v．匆忙地吃、喝　 2．He had a real gift for handling chores，sheltering me from unpleasant repair jobs. 　v．保护，庇护　 3．Violence erupted in the city after the football match.　v．突然发生　 4．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper's physical properties.　n．性质，特性　 二、一词多义——根据语境选出otherwise，claim的含义 1．otherwise ①They are both teachers. Otherwise they are quite unlike.　__B__　 ②It is not permitted to sell or otherwise distribute copies of past examination papers.　__C__　 2．claim A．战争、事故等夺去生命 　B．声称，主张 C．要求，索取 D．获得，赢得 ①It was claimed that many people were trapped in the mountain because of the landslide.　__B__　 ②She claimed damages from the company for the injury she had suffered.　__C__　 ③The hurricane claimed more than 20 residents' lives.　__A__　 ④In the English speech, the young man who claimed the first prize jumped with a thrill of joy.　__D__　 [培优2]　高考语篇培素养——Topic：黄石国家公园的火山 ◆真题文本 ◆真题再做 　　(江苏卷)In the 1960s，while studying the volcanic history of Yellowstone National Park，Bob Christiansen became puzzled about something that，oddly，had not troubled anyone before：he couldn't find the park's volcano.It had been known for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic in nature—that's what accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy features.But Christiansen couldn't find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere. Most of us，when we talk about volcanoes，think of the classic cone(圆锥体)shapes of a Fuji or Kilimanjaro，which are created when erupting magma(岩浆)piles up.These can form remarkably quickly.In 1943，a Mexican farmer was surprised to see smoke rising from a small part of his land.In one week he was the confused owner of a cone five hundred feet high.Within two years it had topped out at almost fourteen hundred feet and was more than half a mile across.Altogether there are some ten thousand of these volcanoes on Earth，all but a few hundred of them extinct.There is，however，a second less known type of volcano that doesn't involve mountain building.These are volcanoes so explosive that they burst open in a single big crack，leaving behind a vast hole，the caldera.Yellowstone obviously was of this second type，but Christiansen couldn't find the caldera anywhere. Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high­altitude cameras by taking photographs of Yellowstone.A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice 　blow­up　 for one of the visitors' centers.As soon as Christiansen saw the photos，he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera：almost the whole park—2.2 million acres—was caldera.The explosion had left a hole more than forty miles across—much too huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level.At some time in the past Yellowstone must have blown up with a violence far beyond the scale of anything known to humans. . 1.What puzzled Christiansen when he was studying Yellowstone？ A.Its complicated geographical features. B.Its ever­lasting influence on tourism. C.The mysterious history of the park. D.The exact location of the volcano. 2.What does the second paragraph mainly talk about？ A.The shapes of volcanoes. B.The impacts of volcanoes. C.The activities of volcanoes. D.The heights of volcanoes. 3.What does the underlined word “blow­up” in the last paragraph most probably mean？ A.Hot­air balloon. B.Digital camera. C.Big photograph. D.Bird's view [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。20世纪60年代，Bob Christiansen在研究黄石国家公园的火山历史时，对一件以前从未困扰过任何人的事情感到困惑：他找不到公园里的火山。 1．D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Bob Christiansen became ...the park's volcano”可知，Bob Christiansen对黄石国家公园的火山的准确位置感到困惑。] 2．A　[段落大意题。根据第二段的内容尤其第一句和“a second less known type of ...a vast hole”可知，该段主要讲两类火山的形态。] 3．C　[词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句和第三句可知，NASA拍摄了黄石国家公园的照片，Christiansen在照片上看到公园的全景。由此可推知，blow­up意为“放大的照片”。] ◆素材积累 (一)由文本积累主题词块 1．the volcanic history　火山的历史　 2．pile up　堆积　 3．the confused owner　困惑的所有者　 4．top out　达到　 5．a single big crack　一个大裂缝　 6．some new high­altitude cameras　一些新的高空摄像机　 7．the park authorities　公园管理局　 8．far beyond the scale　远远超出此规模　 (二)由文本积累阅读词汇 1．volcano n．　火山　 2．scale n．　规模　 3．altogether adv.　完全　 4．extinct adj.　灭绝的　 5．explosive adj.　爆炸的　 6．thoughtful adj.　深思的　 7．assumption n．　假定　 8．acre n．　英亩　 (三)由文本辨熟词生义(将词义对应的字母填到横线上) 1．feature A．特色　　　　　　 B．地理特征 C．以……为特色 D．由……主演 ①...that's what accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy features.　__B__　 ②It's a great film and it features a Spanish actor who is going to be a world star within a year.　__D__　 2．form A．形成　　　　　　B．形式 C．建立 D．表格 ①These can form remarkably quickly.　__A__　 ②Sign your name on the form where I've put a cross.　__D__　 ◆长句缩写 1．Most of us，when we talk about volcanoes, think of the classic cone(圆锥体)shapes of a Fuji or Kilimanjaro，which are created when erupting magma(岩浆)piles up. 　请将句中的“枝叶”(名词短语、介词短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从句)去掉，留下“主干”(主谓宾或主系表)。 Most of us，(when we talk about volcanoes), think of the (classic) cone(圆锥体)shapes(of a Fuji or Kilimanjaro)，[which are created(when erupting magma(岩浆)piles up)]． 　 　Most_of_us_think_of_the_cone_shapes.　 (不超过10个单词) 2．The explosion had left a hole more than forty miles across－much too huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level. 　请将句中的“枝叶”(名词短语、介词短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从句)去掉，留下“主干”(主谓宾或主系表)。 The explosion had left a hole(more than forty miles across)－(much too huge to be seen from anywhere)(at ground level)． 　 　The_explosion_had_left_a_hole.　 (不超过10个单词) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $