Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 基础知识排查 课件-2027届高考英语一轮复习人教版选择性必修第三册

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦人教版选择性必修三Unit 4“Adversity and Courage”主题，依据高考评价体系梳理了主题词汇、词汇变形、语法（as...as...、虚拟条件句、感叹句）及读后续写等核心考点。通过单元主题词100道新题型和阅读会意词汇分类，明确词汇运用占30%、语法结构占25%、续写表达占35%的高频考点分布，构建了“词汇-语法-语用”的完整备考体系。 课件亮点在于“真题实例+技巧建模+素养提升”的备考策略，如结合2025全国一续写“道歉场景”和2023浙江首考“情感描写”实例，解析虚拟条件句“三时态对应法”和感叹句“结构公式”，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。特设“短语搭配库”和“续写情感模板”，通过高仿真训练让学生掌握答题技巧，教师可据此精准定位薄弱点，实现高效复习。

基础知识排查 2027高考英语一轮复习Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 人教版选择性必修三 1 1.adversity 　　 n.　　　　困境；逆境 2.expedition n.　　　　探险；远征；探险队 3.cupboard n.　　　　橱柜；壁橱；衣柜 4.steward n.　　　　(轮船、飞机或火车上的)乘务员；服务员 5.crush vt.　　　 毁坏；压坏；压碎 n.　　　　拥挤的人群 6.stove n.　　　　炉具；厨房灶具 7.banjo n.　　　　班卓琴(乐器) 8.navy n.　　　　海军；海军部队 阅读会意词汇 4 9.cosy (NAmE cozy) adj.　 　 温馨的；舒适的 10.crew n.　 　 (轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员； 　　　 　 专业团队 ；一群人 11.rugby n.　　 橄榄球运动 12.bat n.　　　 球拍；蝙蝠 vi.& vt.　用球板击球；挥打；拍打 13.corporate adj.　　 公司的；法人的；社团的 14.navigator n.　　　 领航员；(飞机、船舶等上的)航行者 阅读会意词汇 5 15.motor n.　　 发动机；马达 adj.　 有引擎的；机动车的 16.episode n.　　 (人生的)一段经历 ；(小说的)片段；插曲 17.Confucianism n.　　 孔子学说；儒家(学说) 阅读会意词汇 6 1.wage n.工资 2.sink vi.(sank/sunk，sunk)沉没；下沉；下降；消沉 vt.使下沉；使沉没 n.洗涤槽，水槽 3.blanket n.毯子 vt.覆盖，盖住，笼罩 4.voyage n.& vi.航海；航行 5.decent adj.相当不错的 ；正派的；得体的 拼写记形词汇 7 6.good/bad-tempered adj.脾气好的/坏的 7.genuine adj.真正的；真诚的；可信赖的 8.thorough adj.深入的；彻底的；细致的 9.furniture n.家具 10.bark vi.& n.(狗)吠叫；吠叫声 n.枪声；短促响亮的人声 ；树皮 vt.厉声质问 11.recreation n.娱乐；消遣；游戏 拼写记形词汇 8 12.nephew n.侄子；外甥 13.rough adj.汹涌的；粗糙的；(道路)崎岖不平的 ； 粗略的；艰难的；(天气)恶劣的，有暴风雨的 14.candidate n.候选人；应试者 15.motive n.动机；原因 ；目的 拼写记形词汇 9 1.damp adj.潮湿的；湿气重的 →dampen vt.弄湿；使潮湿；抑制 2.endurance n.忍耐力；耐久力 →enduring adj.持久的；耐久的 →endure v.忍耐；忍受 3.qualified adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等) →qualify v.(使)具有资格；(使)合格 →qualification n.资格；资历；资格证书 拓展变形词汇 10 4.enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的 →enthusiastically adv.热情地；热心地 →enthusiasm n.热情；热忱 →enthusiast n.热心者，爱好者 5.aboard adv.& prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等) →board v.上船(火车、飞机、公共汽车等)；寄宿 n.木板；董事会 ；伙食 6.assign vt.分派；布置；分配 →assignment n.任务；作业；分配 拓展变形词汇 11 7.envy n.& vt.羡慕；妒忌 →envious adj.忌妒的；羡慕的 8.vigour(NAmE vigor) n.精力；力量；活力 →vigorous adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的 9.belongings n.[pl.]财物；动产 →belong vi.属于；应在(某处) →belonging n.[U]归属 拓展变形词汇 12 10.bitter adj.严寒的 ；激烈而不愉快的 ；味苦的； 痛苦的 ；愤愤不平的 →bitterly adv.伤心地；愤怒地；极其 →bitterness n.苦味；苦难；怨恨 11.miserable adj.痛苦的；令人难受的 →misery n.痛苦；苦难 →miserably adv.痛苦地；令人难受地 12.perseverance n.毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神 →persevere vi.坚持；孜孜以求 拓展变形词汇 13 13.resolve vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n.决心；坚定的信念 →resolution n.决议；解决；坚定；决心 →resolved adj.坚定的；下定决心的 14.abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃；遗弃；陷入，沉湎于 n.放任；放纵 →abandoned adj.被抛弃的；废弃的；放纵的 拓展变形词汇 14 15.cruel adj.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的 →cruelly adv.残忍地；残酷地 →cruelty n.残忍；残酷 16.unfortunately adv.不幸地；遗憾地 →(反)fortunately adv.幸运地 →fortune n.运气；财产 ；命运 →fortunate adj.幸运的 拓展变形词汇 15 17.guidance n.指导；引导；导航 →guide n.导游；指南 vt.带领；引导；为……领路 18.advertising n.广告活动；广告业 →advertise vt.& vi.公布；广告宣传；做广告 →advertisement n.广告；宣传 →advertiser n.广告商，广告客户 拓展变形词汇 16 19.loyal adj.忠诚的；忠实的 →loyally adv.忠诚地；忠实地 →loyalty n.忠诚；忠实 20.commitment n.承诺 ；保证；奉献 →commit vt.犯(错误、罪行等) vi.& vt.(使)承担义务 ；(使)作出保证 →committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的 拓展变形词汇 17 21.selfish adj.自私的 →selfishly adv.自私地 →selfishness n.自私 →selfless adj.无私的 拓展变形词汇 18 adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)[qualify v.(使)具有资格；(使)合格 qualification n.资格；资历；资格证书] qualified ·be qualified for/to do sth有……的资格/有资格做某事 ·qualify sb for sth/to do sth 使某人有资格做某事 ·have the qualification for/to do sth 有……的资格/有资格做某事 1 (1)With endurance，perseverance and commitment，my nephew has gained teaching _______________(qualify). qualification(s) 19 (2)我参加过几次类似的活动，这使我能胜任这个志愿者工作。(申请信) I have taken part in several similar activities，_____________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. (3)我能流利地说英语，并熟悉外国文化，我坚信我能胜任这项志愿工作。(申请信) Speaking English fluently and having a good command of foreign cultures，I firmly believe that I _______________________________________. am qualified for/to do the voluntary work which qualifies me for the voluntary work/which qualifies me to do the voluntary work/which makes me have the qualification for the voluntary work/which makes me have the qualification to do the voluntary work 20 enthusiastic ·be enthusiastic about (doing) sth对(做)某事有热情 ·lack/be full of enthusiasm缺乏/充满热情 with enthusiasm(＝enthusiastically)热情地 adj.热情的；热心的(enthusiastically adv.热情地；热心地 enthusiasm n.热情；热忱enthusiast n.热心者，爱好者) (1)Under my teacher’s guidance，I learned English with ____________，participating in discussions and answering questions_________________. (enthusiastic) 2 enthusiastically enthusiasm 21 (2)我不仅充满热情而且容易相处，这使得我能胜任报纸上所刊登的志愿者工作。(申请信之个人优势) ______________________________ but I am also easy to get along with，which makes me qualified for the voluntary work advertised in the newspaper.(倒装句) (3)得知您对中华传统文化有热情，我写信邀请您参加一场关于儒家思想的讲座。(邀请信) Learning that _______________________________________________，I am writing to invite you to a lecture on Confucianism. Not only am I full of enthusiasm you are enthusiastic about traditional Chinese culture 3 aboard adv.& prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)[board vt.& vi.上船(火车、飞机、公共汽车等)；寄宿 n.木板；董事会；伙食 broad adj.宽阔的；广阔的 abroad adv.在/到国外；在/到海外] ·go aboard上船(飞机、公共汽车等) ·on board在船(火车、飞机、公共汽车等)上 ·go abroad出国 我满怀期待地登上了飞机，迫不及待地想要出国去探索那些世界奇观。(话题写作之旅游) I eagerly _______________________________，eager to __________ and explore the wonders of the world. went aboard/boarded the airplane go abroad 23 (2)一听说你将去国外深造，我写信告知你一些必要的注意事项。(告知信) On learning that _________________________________，I’m writing to inform you of some necessary dos and don’ts. (3)他身材高大，肩膀宽阔，留着胡子，脸上总是洋溢着灿烂的笑容。(续写之外貌描写) He stands tall，_________________________________，always wearing _____________ on his face. you will go abroad for further study with broad shoulders and a beard a broad smile 4 envy n.& vt.羡慕；妒忌(envious adj.忌妒的；羡慕的) ·with envy羡慕地；忌妒地 green with envy忌妒得眼红；十分羡慕/忌妒 ·envy sb (doing) sth羡慕/妒忌某人(做)某事 ·be envious of羡慕；妒忌 (1)He said ______ envy，“I am ________(envy) of you，because you are leading such a cosy and decent life.” with envious 25 (2)老实说，我真羡慕你获得了“优秀毕业生”的称号，我应该向你学习。 Honestly speaking，I _____________________________ the Excellent Graduate and I should follow your example. (3)不要让嫉妒吞噬你；专注于自己的旅程，努力追求卓越。(续写之主旨升华) __________________________；focus on your own journey and strive for excellence. do envy you getting the title of Don’t let envy consume you 5.sink vi. ①沉没;下沉　②下降　vt. ③使下沉;使沉没(sank/sunk, sunk) sink to沉入;下沉 sink into/to/down/back颓然坐下/重重倒下 one’s heart/spirits sink心情沉重;情绪低落 be sunk in陷入…… a sinking feeling/ship不祥之感/颓丧感/沉船 ①The moment his head hit the pillow, he ______ (sink) into a deep sleep.他的头一碰到枕头,就沉沉睡去了。 ②Her heart sank. She felt seized by a burst of sadness and couldn’t hold back her tears.她心情沉重。她突然感到很悲伤,忍不住落下泪来。(续写情感描写) sank vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃；遗弃；陷入，沉湎于 n.放任；放纵(abandoned adj.被抛弃的；废弃的；放纵的) abandon ·abandon oneself to (doing) sth沉湎于(做)某事；纵情于(做)某事 abandon doing sth放弃做某事 ·with abandon放纵地；放任地 ·be abandoned to (doing) sth沉湎于(做)某事 6 (1)Unfortunately，the crew abandoned ___________(carry) out the thorough research for lack of fund. carrying 29 (2)沉迷于网上聊天，一些学生无法集中精力听老师在教什么，这导致他们期末考试成绩很差。(话题写作之学校生活) __________________________________________________，some students can’t concentrate on what the teachers are teaching，making them perform badly in the end-of-term examination.(运用分词短语作状语) (3)我们尽情地唱歌、跳舞、大笑，暂时忘记了生活中的烦恼。(续写之情感描写) ________________________________________，forgetting the troubles in our lives for a while. Abandoning themselves to/Abandoned to chatting online We sang，danced，and laughed with abandon 30 resolve ·resolve to do sth决定做某事 ·make a resolution (to do sth)下定决心(做某事) vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n.决心；坚定的信念(resolution n.决议；解决；坚定；决心 resolved adj.坚定的；下定决心的) (1)It is typical that we make a New Year’s _________(resolve) as the clock strikes twelve at midnight.(话题写作之传统文化) (2)我决定向我哥哥道歉，于是我一跃而起，抓起我的夹克，冲到他家。 (2025·全国一，读后续写) I _______________________________________________，so I sprang to my feet，grabbed my jacket and dashed to his house. 7 resolved/made a resolution to apologize to my brother resolution 31 (3)为了解决冲突，我们应该学会多沟通，设身处地为他人着想。(话题写作之人际沟通) ___________________，we should learn to communicate more and put ourselves in others’ shoes. To resolve conflicts 8 as...as... How could I become as selfish and bad-tempered as Thomas Orde-Lees！ 我怎么能变得像托马斯·奥德利斯一样自私和脾气暴躁呢！ as...as...意为“和……一样……”，表示同级比较。其中第一个as为副词，第二个as为连词或介词。其基本用法为：as＋adj./adv.＋as...，还有如下用法： ·否定式：not as/so＋adj./adv.＋as... ·倍数＋as＋adj./adv.＋as... ·as much/many＋名词＋as... 33 (1)她既害怕又期待，但她的意志仍然像钻石一样坚定，推动她向前进入未知的世界。(话题写作之人物描写) She felt ___________________________，but her will remained _______ _____________________，pushing her forward into the unknown. (2)她的声音不再如以往那般自信，却多了一份令所有人惊讶的钢铁般的决心。 Her voice was __________________________，but it held a new，steely resolve that surprised everyone. as much fear as anticipation not so confident as before as resolute as a diamond (3)我们投入的时间和精力是其他同学的两倍，所以我深信老师们会高度评价我们的项目。 We devoted _______________________________________________，so I was greatly convinced that our project would be highly thought of by our teachers. twice as much time and energy as other students did 9. become stuck in 陷入 be/get stuck in困于……;被堵……;被卡在…… stick sth. on/to/in sth.把某物粘/贴在某物上 stick to sth./doing sth.遵守……;信守…… stick in one’s mind/memory铭记在心;经久不忘 stick out醒目;显眼;引人注目;竖起;伸出来;坚持;断言 stick with坚持做(使用);不放弃;跟……在一起 stick by继续支持;对……忠诚;贯彻(承诺、计划等) Though ________ (stick) in the traffic jam, he was still in high spirits at the thought of the coming holiday.虽然被困在交通堵塞中,但一想到即将到来的假期,他仍然情绪高昂。(续写情感描写) ②I haven’t made any New Year resolutions —I never stick to them anyway.我还没有制订新年计划——反正我从来都坚持不了。 ③As I passed, he stuck out a leg and tried to trip me.我经过时,他伸出腿来想把我绊倒。 ④The amazing incident still sticks in my mind, impressing on me that all creatures are blessed with emotions.这个令人惊异的事使我仍铭记于心,让我明白所有的生物都有感情。(2023·浙江首考续写主旨升华) stuck 10. keep one’s spirits up 使某人精神振作 1)keep up保持;沿袭(风俗、传统等) keep off避开;(使)不接近 keep up with赶上;不落在后面 keep (on) doing sth.一直/继续做某事 keep ... out of使……不进入;不惹事 keep away from远离;避免接近 2)keep+宾语+doing/done/adj.使……保持…… ①In the face of all these difficulties, we should not be discouraged but keep our spirits ______.面对各种困难,我们不应灰心而应保持良好的心态。(演讲稿) ②Harry kept ____________ (look) around. Everything looked so strange, somehow.哈利一直在东张西望。不知怎的,他总觉得周围的一切都很奇怪。 ③She could feel the blood rush to her cheeks and she kept her gaze fixed to the floor.她感到脸颊发烫,低头盯着地板。 up looking 11. cheer up (使)振作;(使)高兴起来→cheerful adj. 高兴的;令人愉快的→cheering adj. 令人欢欣鼓舞的 1)cheer sb. up使某人振作起来 cheer sb. on为某人加油 cheer for sb.为某人欢呼/加油/喝彩 2)burst into cheers欢呼起来 ①The teacher’s encouragement cheered her ______, and her face lit up with joy.老师的鼓励使她振作起来,她脸上露出喜色。(续写神态+情感描写) ②She greeted me with a _________ (cheer) smile, which made me cheer up.她愉快地笑着和我打招呼,让我高兴起来。(续写神态描写) up cheerful 12 if引导虚拟条件句 If it weren’t for sea animals，we would all starve. 要是没有海洋生物，我们都得挨饿。 本句为if引导的虚拟条件句，叙述与现在事实相反的假设。虚拟语气在if虚拟条件句中的运用如下： ·与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去式(be动词一般用were)，主句谓语动词用 “would/could/should/might＋动词原形”； ·与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”，主句谓语动词用“would/ could/should/might＋have＋过去分词”； 42 ·与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去式、were to do或should do，主句谓语动 词用“would/could/should/might＋动词原形”。 注意：有时主句谓语动词和条件从句谓语动词表示的动作在时间上并不一致，这类句子称为“错综条件句”。 (1)如果他真的勇敢，他就会留下来面对危险，而不是像个受惊的孩子般逃跑。 If he were truly brave，he ______________________________ rather than run away like a frightened child. would stay and face the danger 43 (2)如果她当时看到了警示牌，她就会选择另一条路，从而完全避开这场痛苦的灾难。 If ____________________________，she would have chosen a different path，avoiding this miserable disaster thoroughly. (3)如果他这次最后的尝试都失败，所有的希望将永远破灭，使他陷入绝望。 If ___________________________________________________，all hope would be lost forever，making him sink into despair. she had seen the warning sign he were to fail/should fail/failed in this final attempt (4)如果你上学期学习再努力些，你现在就有资格申请奖学金了。 If _____________________________，you would be qualified to apply for the scholarship now. you had studied harder last term 返回 13.句式感叹句 How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to!当我回来告诉他们我去过的那些神奇的地方时,大家会多么羡慕我啊! 1)What+a(n)+adj.+单数可数名词+主语+谓语! What+adj.+复数名词/不可数名词+主语+谓语! 2)How+adj.+a(n)+单数可数名词(+主语+谓语)! How+adj./adv.(+主语+谓语)! ①How delightful a surprise the twins gave to the mother!这对双胞胎给妈妈带来了多大的惊喜啊!(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷续写) ②______ a year it has been!这是多么精彩的一年啊! ③______ hard my teacher laughed when learning I won first prize!听到我得了一等奖,我的老师笑欢了! (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷续写) ④How frightened we were when the polar bear charged towards us!当北极熊向我们冲来的时候,我们是多么害怕啊!(浙江卷续写) What How $