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新外研版英语八年级上册全册单元写作专练(含答案) 【免责声明】 本教学资料为个人原创教研整理,仅供课堂教学、学生课后练习非商业学习参考使用。资料素材仅供教育交流,禁止单独提取内容用于有偿补课、二次批量倒卖。文中选用话题、范文依据新版教材单元话题自主编写,无摘抄成套出版物成品内容。如有引用相关素材,仅作教学研讨。 全册合集资料板块设计说明: 本合集为新外研版(2024)八年级上册英语全册单元写作专项汇编,整合本册6个单元全套写作训练素材。贴合新版教材单元主题,对接中考书面表达,每个单元设置仿写、思辨开放两道分层写作任务,包含写前语言储备、高分佳句、写作思维导图、写作任务及范文,适用于课堂教学、课后训练与期末复习。亮点是本合集末尾增加-跨单元话题融合拔高写作2篇及范文。 合集单元目录: 1. Unit 1 This is me(自我认知与个人成长) 2. Unit 2 Getting along(人际交往与友好沟通) 3. Unit 3 Make it happen!(追逐梦想,付诸行动) 4. Unit 4 Digital life(数字生活,理性用网) 5. Unit 5 Play by the rules?(规则意识,思辨探讨) 6. Unit 6 When disaster strikes(灾害防护,安全反思) Unit 1 This is me 单元写作专项训练及范文 本单元设置两项写作任务,分层训练对接中考要求: 1. 习作一:依托单元主题内核进行仿写训练,引导学生提炼文本思想,结合现实生活素材进行表达,实现知识迁移运用。 2. 习作二:属于主题开放式观点作文,贴合中考书面表达主流题型,侧重篇章结构与观点表达,配套思维导图搭建写作框架。(教学建议:鼓励学生先自主构思行文框架,形成独立思路后,再参考下方思维导图进行完善,避免固化写作思维。) 第一部分 单元写作前置准备 一、单元核心词汇与写作搭配 suppose v. 认为,猜想;instead adv. 代替 instead of;nervous adj. 紧张的 truly adv. 真诚地;challenge oneself 挑战自我;accept oneself 接纳自我 to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是;face difficulties 面对困难 secretly adv. 秘密地;crowded adj. 拥挤的;disaster n. 灾难;satisfied adj. 满意的 二、课文经典高分佳句 1. We may think we know ourselves better than anyone else. 我们也许认为我们比任何人都更加了解自己。 2. What do you think of your looks? 你如何看待自己的外貌? 3. I suppose everyone has something they don’t like about themselves. 我认为每个人都有自己不满意的地方。 4. Sometimes, I felt people secretly looking at my face. 有时候,我感觉人们在偷偷打量我的脸。 5. With so many people around me, my birthmark burned red hot. 身边人来人往时,我脸上的胎记仿佛火辣辣地发烫。 6. Instead of looking away, she studied my face. 她没有移开目光,而是认真看着我的脸。 7. Clouds came through the window and filled my heart. 乌云透过窗户,笼罩了我的内心。 8. Although I only replied “thank you”, it turned sunny in my heart. 虽然我只说了一句谢谢,但我的内心豁然开朗。 9. For the first time, I could look at my birthmark without quickly turning away. 我第一次能够正视自己的胎记,不再慌忙躲开视线。 10. Everyone has something special and different — that is what’s interesting. 每个人都拥有与众不同的特质,这正是生命有趣的地方。 11. I have already learnt that I am what I am. 我慢慢懂得,接纳真实的自己。 12. Doubts and fears often hold us back from success. 疑虑与胆怯常常阻碍我们走向成功。 13. As long as you keep trying, you can break your limits. 只要坚持不懈,你就能突破自身局限。 三、单元话题写作思维导图(适配习作二 开放式中考话题作文) 【中心主题】接纳自我、自信成长 1. 开头:很多人纠结自身缺点,盲目追求完美 2. 主体:世上不存在完美的人;接纳短板不等于躺平;学会发掘自身闪光点 3. 结尾:正视不完美,自信奔赴成长之路 第二部分 单元写作任务(题目+高分范文) 习作一(基础仿写练笔|纯单词82词) 【写作任务】 单元核心主题:接纳自身不完美。请结合本单元思想,选取生活事例表达你的观点。 高分范文 Many teenagers feel upset because of their weak points. Some worry about their looks, while others feel nervous about their poor grades. They wish to become perfect and fear others’ opinions. However, nobody is perfect. We should stop blaming ourselves for small shortcomings. Learning to accept ourselves helps us build confidence and move forward bravely on our way of growth. 习作二(开放式中考话题作文|纯单词104词) 【写作任务】 某英语报社开展主题征文:Learn to accept ourselves。请你投稿,谈谈你的看法。要点: 1. 不少青少年因自身短板缺乏自信; 2. 如何正确看待自身的不完美; 3. 你的思考。 高分范文 Learn to accept ourselves Plenty of teenagers lose confidence simply because they focus too much on their shortcomings. They keep comparing themselves with others and feel unsatisfied with who they are. As a matter of fact, perfection never exists. Accepting ourselves does not mean giving up self-improvement. It means we face our weaknesses calmly and make progress little by little. Only when we stop chasing impossible perfection can we discover our shining points and live a confident life. Unit 2 Getting along 单元写作专项训练及范文 本单元设置两项写作任务,分层训练对接中考要求: 1. 习作一:依托Understanding ideas童话《The selfish Giant》仿写,讲述自私到学会分享带来内心转变的故事,感悟分享带来温暖与生机,侧重记叙文叙事表达。 2. 习作二:依托Developing ideas《六尺巷》故事展开思辨写作,探讨人际交往中包容、让步与善意沟通的价值,引导学生思考如何化解矛盾、和睦相处,配套思维导图搭建写作框架。(教学建议:鼓励学生先自主构思行文框架,形成独立思路后,再参考下方思维导图进行完善,避免固化写作思维。) 第一部分 单元写作前置准备 一、单元核心词汇与写作搭配 selfish adj.自私的;share v.分享;forgive v.原谅 generous adj.慷慨的;get along with 和睦相处 build a wall 筑起隔阂;break down barriers 消除隔阂 since then 自那以后;warmth and joy 温暖与欢乐 二、课文经典高分佳句 1. The giant has been away for a long time. 巨人已经离开很久了。 2. Since then, he hasn’t seen a child in his garden. 从那以后,花园里再也没有孩子来过。 3. Spring will return when people learn to share their love. 当人们学会分享爱,春天便会归来。 4. True happiness comes from giving rather than keeping everything for ourselves. 真正的幸福源于给予,而非独占一切。 5. Being polite and understanding helps us get along well with people around us. 礼貌与体谅能帮助我们和身边的人友好相处。 三、单元话题写作思维导图(适配习作二 开放式中考话题作文) 【中心主题】放下隔阂,学会包容与分享,收获和谐的人际关系 1. 开头:生活中冲突与隔阂在所难免,自私会带来长久的孤单 2. 主体:分享与让步的力量;善意沟通化解矛盾的做法;宽容待人的深层意义 3. 结尾:主动放下争执,用善意换取长久的和睦 第二部分 单元写作任务(题目+高分范文) 习作一(基础仿写练笔) 【作文题目】Happiness from sharing 【写作任务】 结合《The selfish Giant》的故事,记叙一次自己从自私走向分享的经历,写出内心的变化与感悟。 高分范文 I once kept my favourite storybook all to myself and refused to lend it to my deskmate. At that moment, I only thought about my own pleasure. Days passed, I felt lonely while reading alone at break time. Later I remembered the story of the selfish giant. He built a high wall and lost all the warmth in his garden. Since he learned to share, spring returned to his home. I decided to change myself. I offered my book to my classmate. We read it together and talked about the wonderful stories. This small experience teaches me that true happiness comes from giving instead of keeping things selfishly for ourselves. 习作二(开放式中考话题作文) 【写作任务】 英语专栏征稿:How can we get along well with others?要点: 1. 同学、邻里之间容易出现矛盾的现状; 2. 化解分歧、友好相处的可行做法; 3. 你的感悟。 高分范文 How can we get along well with others In our daily life, disagreements and arguments often happen between friends or neighbours. Some people choose to protect their own interest and build invisible walls between each other, just like the selfish giant in the story. If we want to get along well with people around us, we should learn to be generous and forgiving. When conflicts appear, it is wise to calm down instead of arguing fiercely. We need to understand others’ feelings and make small compromises. Real joy never comes from winning a quarrel. It comes from sharing kindness and breaking down cold barriers. Every small act of tolerance will bring us more warmth and long‑lasting peace in our relationships. Unit 3 Make it happen! 单元写作专项训练及范文 本单元设置两项写作任务,分层训练对接中考要求: 1. 习作一:依托Understanding ideas《A helping hand》仿写,讲述少年发明家Easton利用简易材料制作假肢帮助他人的故事,描写创意诞生、反复尝试的过程,突出坚持、善意与创造力,记叙文写作。 2. 习作二:依托Developing ideas板块思辨写作,讨论青少年创新精神,创意不只属于伟大科学家,普通人坚持思考、不怕失败,也可以用发明改善身边人的生活,配套思维导图搭建写作框架。(教学建议:鼓励学生先自主构思行文框架,形成独立思路后,再参考下方思维导图进行完善,避免固化写作思维。) 第一部分 单元写作前置准备 一、单元核心词汇与写作搭配 invent v.发明;invention n.发明物;creative adj.富有创造力的 patience n.耐心;curiosity n.好奇心;solve v.解决 lend a hand 伸出援手;build … out of 用……制作 keep trying 反复尝试;make a difference 带来改变 二、课文经典高分佳句 1. He built the special arm out of cheap plastic blocks and fishing line. 他用廉价塑料块和鱼线制作出这支特制假肢。 2. I must lend a hand to people who have this kind of problem. 我一定要帮助那些遇到这类困难的人。 3. It takes plenty of time and patience to create a new useful invention. 创造一件实用的新发明需要充足的时间与耐心。 4. Curiosity pushes teenagers to come up with new ideas in daily life. 好奇心促使青少年在日常生活中想出全新的创意。 5. Even simple inventions can make a big difference to people’s lives. 即便是简易的发明,也能够极大地改变人们的生活。 三、单元话题写作思维导图(适配习作二 开放式中考话题作文) 【中心主题】保持好奇,不惧失败,用创意与善意改变生活 1. 开头:伟大的改变往往来自普通人小小的奇思妙想 2. 主体:创造力需要耐心与反复试验;青少年发现生活难题、动手尝试的方式;善意是创新珍贵的内核 3. 结尾:坚持思考与实践,平凡少年也可以创造价值 第二部分 单元写作任务(题目+高分范文) 习作一(基础仿写练笔) 【作文题目】A young inventor with a warm heart 【写作任务】 复述少年发明家Easton的故事,描述他的创作过程以及这项小发明带给他人的温暖与帮助。 高分范文 Easton was a creative teenager with strong curiosity and a kind heart. He found that some disabled children could not afford expensive artificial arms. He made up his mind to lend a hand to those poor kids. He spent plenty of his free time and kept trying again and again when his plans failed. Finally, he built a light‑weight special arm out of cheap plastic blocks and simple fishing line. This low‑cost invention solved a real problem for those children. It tells us that as long as we hold patience and kindness, our creative ideas can really make a difference to people around us. 习作二(开放式中考话题作文) 【写作任务】 英语专栏征稿:How can teenagers make creative things to help others?要点: 1. 创新对于青少年成长的意义; 2. 我们怎样在生活中培养创造力,用小发明帮助他人; 3. 你的个人感悟。 高分范文 How can teenagers make creative things to help others Many people believe inventions only belong to famous scientists. However, common teenagers can also create useful things if we keep our curiosity alive in daily life. We should watch our life carefully and find out the real problems around us. When we come up with new ideas, do not give up easily after failures. It takes lots of patience to test our plans and build simple objects out of cheap materials. The true value of creation is not about winning prizes. It lies in our wish to lend a hand to people in need. Every teenager has the power to make a difference. Our small creative works can bring warmth and convenience to the whole world. Unit 4 Digital life 单元写作专项训练及范文 本单元设置两项写作任务,分层训练对接中考要求: 1. 习作一:依托Understanding ideas短文《Digital shock》仿写,对比不同国家数字生活的差异,描写科技带来的便捷体验,记叙一次感受数字化便利的亲身经历,侧重叙事。 2. 习作二:依托Developing ideas科幻短文《The Fun They Had》展开思辨写作,辩证分析数字学习的利弊,探讨科技永远无法替代真实的师生陪伴与同伴交往,树立理性看待数字生活的观念,配套思维导图搭建写作框架。(教学建议:鼓励学生先自主构思行文框架,形成独立思路后,再参考下方思维导图进行完善,避免固化写作思维。) 第一部分 单元写作前置准备 一、单元核心词汇与写作搭配 digital adj.数字的;convenient adj.便捷的;advantage n.优势 disadvantage n.弊端;compare v.对比;replace v.替代 online service 线上服务;face‑to‑face communication 面对面交流 at our own pace 按照自己的节奏;keep balance 保持平衡 二、课文经典高分佳句 1. Digital services make people’s daily life much easier in many places. 数字服务让很多地方人们的日常生活变得更加轻松便捷。 2. Technology allows learners to study knowledge at their own pace. 科技允许学习者按照自己的节奏学习知识。 3. High‑tech tools cannot replace the warmth of face‑to‑face communication. 高科技工具无法替代面对面交流的温度。 4. We should enjoy the convenience of digital life without losing real‑world connections. 我们享受数字生活便利的同时,不应丢掉现实中的人际交往。 5. Every coin has two sides, and we must treat digital technology in a wise way. 凡事皆有利弊,我们必须理智地对待数字科技。 三、单元话题写作思维导图(适配习作二 开放式中考话题作文) 【中心主题】理性拥抱数字生活,守住真实的人际交往 1. 开头:数字技术快速改变全世界人们的生活与学习方式 2. 主体:科技带来的便利;线上学习缺少真实陪伴的遗憾;青少年合理使用电子产品的方法 3. 结尾:学会平衡虚拟与现实,智慧使用数字工具 第二部分 单元写作任务(题目+高分范文) 习作一(基础仿写练笔) 【作文题目】My experience of convenient digital life 【写作任务】 记叙一次体验数字化便民服务的经历,对比传统方式,写出科技带来的改变与感受。 高分范文 Last holiday, I travelled to a big city with my family and enjoyed different kinds of digital services. We paid for our meals with mobile phones and shared bikes helped us move around the streets easily. I began to understand why digital life becomes so popular. It saves plenty of time for busy people and offers much more convenience in public life. When I compared it with the slow traditional ways, I truly felt how powerful modern technology is. However, I also realize we should not spend too much time staying inside the digital world all day long. 习作二(开放式中考话题作文) 【写作任务】 英语专栏征稿:Should students depend too much on digital technology for study?要点: 1. 数字化学习越来越普遍的现状; 2. 线上学习的优势与短板; 3. 谈谈青少年应该如何正确使用数字工具学习。 高分范文 Should students depend too much on digital technology for study Nowadays more and more students use digital tools to finish their schoolwork and take online lessons. Technology allows us to learn new knowledge at our own pace anywhere we go. However, high‑tech products have clear disadvantages as well. They can never replace the warmth of face‑to‑face communication between teachers and classmates. Real discussions and group activities bring us happy feelings that screens cannot offer. We should make good use of digital resources but refuse to fully depend on them. We must keep a balance between online study and real‑world lessons, and treat digital technology in a wise way. Unit 5 Play by the rules? 单元写作专项训练及范文 本单元设置两项写作任务,分层训练对接中考要求: 1. 习作一:依托Understanding ideas记叙文,讲述主人公在公共场合鼓起勇气维护公共规则的亲身经历,写出内心犹豫到勇敢担当的心理变化,侧重叙事描写。 2. 习作二:依托单元名言素材进行思辨写作,探讨规则的真正意义:规则不只写在墙上,更扎根在每个人心中,讨论青少年自觉守规、敢于维护公共秩序的责任,配套思维导图搭建写作框架。(教学建议:鼓励学生先自主构思行文框架,形成独立思路后,再参考下方思维导图进行完善,避免固化写作思维。) 第一部分 单元写作前置准备 一、单元核心词汇与写作搭配 rule n.规则;public adj.公共的;brave adj.勇敢的;obey v.遵守 sign n.标识;courage n.勇气;protect v.维护 public order 公共秩序;step up 挺身而出;in our minds and hearts 铭记于心 二、课文经典高分佳句 1. Rules are not only written on the wall, but also live in our minds and hearts. 规则不只是写在墙上,更应当铭记在我们的脑海与心中。 2. Nobody wanted to look like a fool by pointing out bad behaviour. 没有人愿意因为指出不良行为而被别人当成傻瓜。 3. It takes real courage to stand up and protect public rules in daily life. 在日常生活中挺身而出维护公共规则,需要真正的勇气。 4. Public rules keep our society safe, quiet and well‑organized for everyone. 公共规则保障整个社会安全、有序地运转。 5. Every citizen has the duty to respect and follow all kinds of public rules. 每一位公民都有义务尊重并遵守各类公共规则。 三、单元话题写作思维导图(适配习作二 开放式中考话题作文) 【中心主题】自觉守规,心怀勇气,主动维护公共秩序 1. 开头:规则维系着整个社会平稳有序运行 2. 主体:遵守规则不只是被动服从;面对违规行为我们该有的态度;勇气与责任感的价值 3. 结尾:把规则内化于心,做有担当的青少年 第二部分 单元写作任务(题目+高分范文) 习作一(基础仿写练笔) 【作文题目】A moment of courage 【写作任务】 记叙一次你看到有人违反公共规则,内心犹豫之后鼓起勇气维护秩序的小故事,写出心理变化。 高分范文 Last weekend, I took a long‑distance bus with my family. Some passengers talked loudly and opened boxes of smelly food without care. Everyone felt uncomfortable, yet nobody chose to stop them. I worried that other people would think me a fool if I spoke up. Suddenly I remembered the sentences from our textbook. Rules are not only written on the wall, but also live in our minds and hearts. I took a deep breath and politely reminded them of the public signs. To my surprise, they accepted my advice calmly. This special moment teaches me that it takes real courage to protect public rules in our daily life. 习作二(开放式中考话题作文) 【写作任务】 英语专栏征稿:What should teenagers do about public rules?要点: 1. 公共规则对于社会的重要意义; 2. 青少年对待公共规则应该持有的态度与行动; 3. 你的看法。 高分范文 What should teenagers do about public rules Public rules are the basic foundation of a peaceful and tidy society. Without clear rules, public places will become noisy and messy for every visitor. It is not enough for teenagers just to obey rules ourselves. We should also hold enough courage to protect public order gently when we see bad behaviour. Rules are never simple words on signs. They are moral standards that should stay in our minds and hearts. We do not shout at others, but we can give polite reminders in a friendly way. If every young person respects rules and takes small responsible actions, we will build a much better public world together. Unit 6 When disaster strikes 单元写作专项训练及范文 本单元设置两项写作任务,分层训练对接中考要求: 1. 习作一:依托Understanding ideas《A lost city》古城灾难故事仿写,用过去进行时描述灾难来袭时的场景,敬畏自然,感悟灾难带来的反思,侧重叙事描写。 2. 习作二:依托Developing ideas灾后重生故事思辨写作,探讨防灾自救知识的价值、灾难之中人与人互助的力量,人类应当敬畏自然、学会与自然和谐共处,配套思维导图搭建写作框架。(教学建议:鼓励学生先自主构思行文框架,形成独立思路后,再参考下方思维导图进行完善,避免固化写作思维。) 第一部分 单元写作前置准备 一、单元核心词汇与写作搭配 disaster n.灾难;survive v.幸存;warn v.预警;protect v.保护 calm adj.冷静的;unexpected adj.突如其来的;rebuild v.重建 natural warning 自然预警;stay calm 保持冷静;live in peace with nature 与自然和谐共处 二、课文经典高分佳句 1. The disaster struck all of a sudden and destroyed the ancient city completely. 灾难突如其来,彻底摧毁了这座古城。 2. People were doing their daily things when the terrible natural disaster hit. 人们正忙于日常琐事,可怕的灾难骤然降临。 3. We should learn useful self‑protection skills and pay attention to early warnings. 我们应当学习自救技能,时刻留意灾害预警。 4. After great pain and loss, brave people pull together and rebuild their lives. 经历巨大伤痛与损失之后,勇敢的人们团结在一起重建生活。 5. Humans cannot beat powerful nature, so we must learn to live in peace with it. 人类无法战胜强大的自然,我们必须学会与之和谐共生。 三、单元话题写作思维导图(适配习作二 开放式中考话题作文) 【中心主题】敬畏自然,掌握防灾技能,危难之时守望相助 1. 开头:自然灾害突如其来,带给人类深刻的警示 2. 主体:学习防灾自救知识的必要性;灾难中团结互助的力量;人类尊重自然的重要意义 3. 结尾:心存敬畏,做好防护,共建人与自然和谐的家园 第二部分 单元写作任务(题目+高分范文) 习作一(基础仿写练笔) 【作文题目】A lesson from a lost ancient city 【写作任务】 结合庞贝古城的故事,描写灾难降临的场景,写出这件事带给你的反思与启示。 高分范文 Long long ago, people lived a peaceful life in the beautiful ancient city. They were enjoying their daily activities when the volcano erupted without any warning. The heavy ash and hot rocks covered the whole town in a very short time. The whole lively city disappeared forever. This sad story gives us a serious lesson. Nature is powerful and unpredictable. Humans can never control it. We must respect nature and learn more useful knowledge about self‑protection. If we ignore the power of nature, we may face terrible results one day. 习作二(开放式中考话题作文) 【写作任务】 英语专栏征稿:What lessons can teenagers learn from natural disasters?要点: 1. 自然灾害带给人类的警示; 2. 青少年需要掌握的防灾自救能力; 3. 谈谈我们和自然应当如何相处。 高分范文 What lessons can teenagers learn from natural disasters Natural disasters may strike suddenly and bring huge loss to human beings. They teach us important lessons that we should never forget in our whole life. First of all, we should take time to learn self‑protection skills and watch out for early warnings in our daily life. Besides, disasters show us the magic power of nature. We are not able to beat nature, so we have to live in peace with it. What is more, people will get through hard times as long as they pull together and support each other. As teenagers, we should spread the knowledge of disaster prevention and protect our natural environment with small actions every single day. 跨单元话题融合拔高写作; 说明:本板块仅全册合集配备,各独立单元文档不含此部分。结合本册多个单元核心主题跨话题命题,适配期末统考、模拟考试多话题融合出题特点,用作期末拔高、综合能力训练。 拔高融合考题一(融合 Unit1 + Unit2 + Unit5) 作文题目:Growing from an experience 写作要求:成长路上的经历,会让我们重新认识自己,懂得合作与规则。请记述你的一次亲身经历,写出你的感悟。(词数90词以上) 写作思维导图(精简提纲式) - 开头:引出一次运动会接力赛的成长经历 - 主体: ① 比赛前自我心态问题 ② 和队友相处磨合 ③ 遵守竞赛规则,团队共同完成比赛 - 结尾:谈感悟:认清自我、善待他人、敬畏规则带来成长 高分范文 Growing from an experience A school sports meeting experience has taught me a precious lesson in my growth. Last month, I took part in the school relay race. I was overconfident and eager to show off myself. I planned to run faster regardless of the race rules and our team’s rhythm. My teammates patiently reminded me to follow the rules and cooperate with everyone. I finally calmed down, realized my pride and impulsiveness, and obeyed the competition rules. We worked together smoothly and finished the race successfully. From this experience, I truly know that growing up is about knowing my shortcomings, getting on well with others and respecting rules. It will guide me to become a better teenager. 拔高融合考题二(融合 Unit3 + Unit4 + Unit6) 作文题目:A lesson on our trip 写作要求:假期旅行中有时会遇到突发状况。如果我们冷静行动,善用手机与网络,就可以尽力化解危机。请记述一次你的旅途经历,写出你的感悟。(词数90词以上) 写作思维导图(精简提纲式) - 开头:引出假期旅行途中遇到意外事件 - 主体: ① 旅途突发困境 ② 保持冷静,借助手机网络获取信息、寻求帮助 ③ 采取实际行动,努力化解危机 - 结尾:感悟:面对突发困境,行动与数字工具助力解决问题 高分范文 A lesson on our trip An unexpected experience during my seaside holiday has taught me a great deal. Last summer holiday, I went to the seaside with my friend. While we walked along the coastal path, my friend hurt his ankle badly and could hardly move. We were in a less‑crowded area and got into trouble. Facing this sudden problem, I kept calm instead of feeling afraid. I took out my mobile phone. I looked up simple first‑aid tips online and used position information to call the park workers for help. I looked after my friend following the online advice and waited patiently. Soon workers arrived and offered us timely help. From this trip, I learn that unexpected trouble may come at any time. When we stay strong and make good use of digital tools, we can take action to get through hard situations. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $