Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 暑假复习练习 -2027届高三英语一轮复习人教版必修第一册

Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 一.用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite, rather than __________(divide) us. 2．Children's __________(compare) themselves to others online may lead to lower self­identity and confidence. 3．But in front of the pregnant woman, a young man occupied two seats, pretending to be ______(sleep)． 4．Balzac, _______(honour) as the father of the modern novel, was full of great intelligence and created many famous works. 5．This year's civil service examination will take place in March, with 5，400 candidates ________(compete) for 260 positions. 6．The doctor told my uncle to give up ___________(drink) so much wine if he wanted to stay healthy. 7．There's hardly any sense_________(waste) time developing an app when a free supported solution already exists. 8．Some argue that one's self­respect relies on how well one performs in _________(compare) with others. 二.在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1．Only after I read the poem time and time again did I completely make sense ____it. 2．But more than that, I now regularly compare my views ______those of many others. 3．She was honoured last month _____ her devotion to her work in a remote mountain village school. 4．Every four years，athletes from all over the world compete in the Olympics _____the honour of winning. 三.用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．The player, _____(know) as “Air Jordan”， changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps. 2．Jordan's skills were __________(impress), but the mental strength that he showed made him unique. 3．In the______(finally) seconds of a game，Jordan always seemed to find a way to win. 4．More and more young people accept not _______(have) children probably because of the pressure of life. 四.在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1．In 2016, Lang Ping led her volleyball team ____ Olympic gold in Brazil. 2．Jordan said that the secret ____ his success was learning from his failures. 3．By being positive ______myself and my body, I became both happier and healthier. 4．There were times I wanted to quit, but I knew I should set ____ example for the boys to follow. 五.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思) 1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)Giant pandas also serve as an umbrella species, bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. ____ A．主持人　　　B．东道主　　　C．大量 2．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. _____ A．合适　　　B．健康　　　　C．健身 3．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)This new trend of newspapers for “the man on the street” did not begin well. Some of the early ventures (企业) were immediate failures. ______ A．失灵　　　　B．倒闭　　　　C．不及格 六．单句写作(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子) ①体育锻炼有助于增强体质，减轻生活压力，使人保持积极的心态。 Physical exercise helps ______________________of life, and make people______________________． ②各种体育项目都能起作用。 All kinds of sports can____________________． ③即使有时候错误的锻炼方法可能会使你受伤，你也不应该丧失信心。 _______sometimes the wrong way to exercise may___________, you're not supposed to ___________． ④放弃努力才是真正的失败！ __________ trying is the real_____________! ⑤只要有坚强的意志和坚定的决心，就鲜有你做不到的事情！ As long as you __________________________________________, there're few things you cannot do. ⑥让我们立即行动起来定期锻炼吧。强身健体不是梦。 Let's take immediate action_______________________. It's not a dream _______________________． 七．完形填空 Richard is a boy who is positive about life. He likes doing sports and takes a(n) 1 part in a lot of 2 such as soccer, boxing, skiing and badminton. He is always against 3 in sports and tries to avoid errors in matches. As a result, he is 4 to be an excellent athlete and 5 all kinds of sports. Doing gymnastics in the 6 is his favorite. To build up 7 ,he jogs in the stadium every day. In his mind, 8 makes him relaxed and 9 . Sweating during the jog gives him an enjoyable feeling. Besides, in order to have a slim shape, he keeps a 10 diet. Once he signed up for a marathon 11 in his city. During the competition, he fell down on the track and his left leg was injured. The audience, as well as his captain, thought he would end in 12 . However, though under stress, he didn't 13 but ran as hard as he could to 14 for his team. The spiritual strength he showed made him unique. Finally, not only did he become the champion and win the medal as well as the honor for his team, but also he 15 the admiration of millions of people. ( )1. A. active B. confident C. anxious D. joyful ( )2. A. shows B. topics C. events D. lectures ( )3. A. sweating B. cheating C. pretending D. packing ( )4. A. thought B. impressed C. recommended D. allowed ( )5. A. act B. master C. edit D. volunteer ( )6.A.company B. classroom C. office D. gym ( )7. A. determination B. stress C. strength D. friendship ( )8. A. playing B. walking C. jogging D. hiking ( )9. A. strong B. weak C. unique D. attractive ( )10. A. traditional B. economical C. advanced D. balanced ( )11. A. solved B. attended C. moved D. hosted ( )12. A. detail B. success C. failure D. experience ( )13. A. give up B. clean up C. make up D. sign up ( )14. A. apply B. arrange C. explore D.compete ( )15. A. designed B. won C. organized D. challenged 八.语法填空 Lucy, an actress, is always determined to become a famous star. Even though she is busy with her job, she keeps the habit 1. reading now and then. Besides, she never stops comparing herself with the 2.________(success) actresses who she wants to come along with.In the face of difficulties, Lucy doesn't lose heart 3. give up hope. When others are in trouble, rather than pretend 4. (see) nothing, she always offers help. She believes that even small kindnesses make 5. big difference. She has set a good example for millions of people around. Lucy likes track and field 6. (sport), so she never cuts out working out in the stadium every day. She says that the secret to 7. (keep) fit is doing exercise daily.Even if the weather is bad, she won't stop exercising. Last month, however, not 8. (allow) to go out as a result of COVID-19, Lucy put on weight. Worrying that her health might fall apart, she decided to go on a diet. Her doctor 9. (give) some advice on how to eat properly and she did accordingly. Very soon, it seemed that 10. the doctor said made sense. Lucy made it. What do you think of Lucy? I'm sure that such a person with strength and determination will succeed sooner or later. 九.阅读理解 A Teenagers’ fitness is now a major concern, to which physical exercise is very important. It reduces stress and improves fitness. Exercise makes your body strong, and helps you to keep the right body weight. Sports scientist Dr. Helen Lopez offers the following advice to teenagers: “First, you need to find out your present level of fitness. Then you can design a programme that will help you become healthier.” Dr. Lopez points out that there are three levels of fitness that need a change of lifestyle. “Overweight” means that the person gets very little exercise and often has a serious weight problem. “Inactive” means that the person does not join in many physical activities, but is not seriously overweight. “Active” refers to people who take part in sports and other physical activities, but do not have a high fitness level. According to Dr. Lopez, overweight teenagers should keep active to keep healthy. “Ride a bike, play volleyball or basketball for a while, and go for a twenty-minute walk each day. All these will help to burn calories.” Inactive teenagers should do similar activities, but add some bending and stretching exercises, such as push-ups and sit-ups, starting with twenty of each a day. “Inactive people can take a little more exercise than overweight people because their bodies are stronger,” said Dr. Lopez. The same principle applies to active teenagers. Dr. Lopez suggests one hour a week or more on running and other forms of intensive exercise, together with fifteen minutes a day spent on stretching and bending activities. “These are really important in order to prevent injuries,” Dr. Lopez said. Some weight-training and other body-strengthening exercises could also be planned in the programme in order to increase the person’s strength. 1.Which of the following statements is NOT the reason why physical exercise is important? A. It can make the teenagers grow taller. B. It can help teenagers become healthier. C. It can help to burn up calories. D. It can increase teenagers’ strength. 2.What can we learn from the passage? A. Active people always have a high fitness level. B. Overweight people always take more exercise. C. Inactive teenagers are not seriously overweight. D. Keeping fit means changing teenagers’ lifestyle. 3.In order to prevent injuries, you should do some ________ exercises. A. walking B. stretching and bending C. riding D. weight-training 4.What is the best title for the passage? A. Doing exercises B. Teenagers’ Fitness C. Different Lifestyles D. Overweight Teenagers B If you thought running was just great for the body, then think again. Scientists have found that the sport not only keeps people fit but also improves your brain power (脑力). The research found that people who keep fit are more likely to have larger brains, better memories and clearer thinking. They also found that unfit people tended to have smaller brains and reduced cognitive skills. The findings add to a growing body of evidence which links exercise with helping protect the brain against ageing (老化) and also helping it replace dying cells (死细胞). This might reduce the risk of many illnesses and diseases such as Alzheimer’s. One research paper within its latest issue sees scientists at Kentucky University putting 30 adults aged 59-69 on a treadmill (跑步机). Their heart and lung capacity was measured and an MRI scanner was used to assess the blood flow to their brains. Those who were less fit had smaller brains compared to the fitter volunteers who had larger brains. Scientists in Germany followed 21 adults aged between 60-77. As they went through a three-month fitness program, they saw improvements in their memory. Researchers are not yet sure why exercise helps to protect brain cells but some research in mice has produced results. Mice, examined at the National Institute on Ageing, in Baltimore, found that cells in the hippocampus (海马体), an area of the brain used for memory, were actively reproducing while their fatter peers were in decline. Linda Clare, professor of clinical psychology of ageing and dementia at Exeter University and a member of the Global Council on Brain Health told The Sunday Times: “Moderate intensity aerobic (有氧的) activity such as walking, cycling or running can produce changes in brain structure and function.” 1.Who tend to have larger brains, better memories and clearer thinking? A. People who are healthy. B. People who are thin. C. People who are unhealthy. D. People who are fat. 2.What do we learn from the experiment in paragraph 3? A. Those who were less fit had larger brains. B. Those who were fitter had smaller brains. C. Exercise helps people improve their memory. D. Old people doing exercise improve memory better than young people. 3.According to Linda Clare, what kind of activity can NOT produce changes in brain structure and function? A. Walking. B. Singing. C. Cycling. D. Running. 4.What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To tell you sport improves your brain power. B. To introduce some good ways to keep healthy. C. To teach you how to best spend time doing sports. D. To introduce several ways to improve your memory. C Trying to motivate yourself to exercise can sometimes feel like a fruitless attempt. Here are some tips on setting your mind on getting active, and getting fit. Make your fitness goals known. Tell your family, friends and co-workers about your fitness goals and encourage them to ask you how your goals are coming along. ①_______ Make an appointment with your doctor. Ask the doctor about your health condition and how becoming more physically fit can help you become healthier. ②_______ A government study found just three hours of advice by doctors over two years helped improve couch potatoes' physical fitness. ③_______ If you're new to exercise, it'll be better to have a fitness professional set your goals rather than doing it alone. That means setting the weights on machines for you, determining how long you should walk or run, or giving you a time limit for the running machines. Consider healthy living, not just workouts. Even if you spend three hours a week in the gym, what about the other 100-plus waking hours each week? Fit people keep energetic during their entire day. ④_______ You can simply stand up and walk around whenever you get on the phone and always take the stairs, not the lift. Do it for charity. ⑤_______ If you fall into that category, then find a way to use your charitable nature to motivate yourself to exercise. For example, donate £1 for every mile you walk. Or commit to several fundraising events that involve walking, biking, dancing, or a sports match. A. Hire a personal trainer. B. Then ask for some suggestions. C. Focus on what matters most to you. D. Some of us get great satisfaction from helping others. E. The ongoing everyday activity leads to a whole lot of fitness. F. Documenting your workouts and progress is a good way to hold yourself accountable. G. Knowing that everyone is watching you provides great motivation to stick to your goals. 答案Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 一.用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite, rather than divide(divide) us. 2．Children's comparing(compare) themselves to others online may lead to lower self­identity and confidence. 3．But in front of the pregnant woman, a young man occupied two seats, pretending to be sleeping(sleep)． 4．Balzac, honoured(honour) as the father of the modern novel, was full of great intelligence and created many famous works. 5．This year's civil service examination will take place in March, with 5，400 candidates competing(compete) for 260 positions. 6．The doctor told my uncle to give up drinking(drink) so much wine if he wanted to stay healthy. 7．There's hardly any sense wasting(waste) time developing an app when a free supported solution already exists. 8．Some argue that one's self­respect relies on how well one performs in comparison(compare) with others. 二.在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1．Only after I read the poem time and time again did I completely make sense of it. 2．But more than that, I now regularly compare my views with/to those of many others. 3．She was honoured last month for her devotion to her work in a remote mountain village school. 4．Every four years，athletes from all over the world compete in the Olympics for the honour of winning. 三.用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．The player, known(know) as “Air Jordan”， changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps. 2．Jordan's skills were impressive(impress), but the mental strength that he showed made him unique. 3．In the final(finally) seconds of a game，Jordan always seemed to find a way to win. 4．More and more young people accept not having(have) children probably because of the pressure of life. 四.在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1．In 2016, Lang Ping led her volleyball team to Olympic gold in Brazil. 2．Jordan said that the secret to his success was learning from his failures. 3．By being positive about myself and my body, I became both happier and healthier. 4．There were times I wanted to quit, but I knew I should set an example for the boys to follow. 五.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思) 1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)Giant pandas also serve as an umbrella species, bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. C A．主持人　　　B．东道主　　　C．大量 2．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. B A．合适　　　B．健康　　　　C．健身 3．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)This new trend of newspapers for “the man on the street” did not begin well. Some of the early ventures (企业) were immediate failures. B A．失灵　　　　B．倒闭　　　　C．不及格 六．单句写作(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子) ①体育锻炼有助于增强体质，减轻生活压力，使人保持积极的心态。 Physical exercise helps develop fitness, reduce the stress of life, and make people maintain a positive attitude． ②各种体育项目都能起作用。 All kinds of sports can make a difference． ③即使有时候错误的锻炼方法可能会使你受伤，你也不应该丧失信心。 Even if sometimes the wrong way to exercise may have you injured, you're not supposed to lose heart． ④放弃努力才是真正的失败！ Giving up trying is the real failure! ⑤只要有坚强的意志和坚定的决心，就鲜有你做不到的事情！ As long as you have firm willpower and strong determination, there're few things you cannot do. ⑥让我们立即行动起来定期锻炼吧。强身健体不是梦。 Let's take immediate action to work out regularly. It's not a dream to keep fit． 七。完形填空 【参考答案】1-5 ACBAB 6-10 DCCAD 11-15 DCADB 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，体现了“人与社会”的主题语境。文章主要讲述了运动员 Richard在参加马拉松比赛的过程中不慎摔伤，最终在重重压力下夺得冠军的故事。 【答案解析】 A 由上文“Richard is a boy who is positive about life.”可知，Richard是一个对生活持有积极的态度的人，他“积极”(active)参加很多比赛项目，故选 A项。其余选项:B. confident 充满自信的;C. anxious焦虑的;D. joyful 高兴的。 2. C 由下文“…… such as soccer, boxing, skiing and badminton”可知, Richard积极参加很多“比赛项目”(events),故选 C 项。其余选项:A. shows 表演;B. topics主题;D. lectures讲座。 3. B 由下文“he is thought to be an excellent...”中的“excellent”一词可推测, Richard的身上具备一些优良品质，所以此处应是 Richard 总是反对“作弊”(cheating),故选 B项。其余选项:A. sweating 流汗;C. pretending 假装;D. packing包装。 4. A 由上文“tries to avoid errors in matches”可判断, Richard“被认为”(thought)是一名优秀的运动员,故选 A项。其余选项:B. impressed 留下印象;C. recommended 推荐;D. allowed 允许。 5. B 由上文“an excellent athlete”可知, Richard 是一名运动员,“精通”(master)各项运动,故选 B项。其余选项:A. act表演;C. edit编辑;D. volunteer自愿做。 6. D 由上文“Doing gymnastics in the...”可知,他是在“体育馆”(gym)做体操,故选 D 项。其余选项:A.company公司; B.classroom 教室; C.office 办公室。 7. C 由下文“... he jogs in the stadium every day.”并结合常识推断, Richard是为了增强“体力”(strength)而选择慢跑,故选 C 项。其余选项:A. determination 决心;B. stress 压力;D. friendship友谊。 8. C 由上文“... he jogs in the stadium every day.”可知,他每天都在体育场，他认为“慢跑”(jogging)能使他放松,故选 C项。其余选项:A. playing 玩耍;B. walking 散步;D. hiking徒步旅行。 9. A 由常识可知,跑步能使身体“健壮”(strong),故选 A项。其余选项:B. weak 虚弱的;C. unique 独特的;D. attractive吸引人的。 10. D由上文“in order to have a slim shape”可知,为了保持苗条的身材，他保持“均衡的”(balanced)饮食,故选 D 项。其余选项:A. traditional 传统的;B. economical实惠的;C. advanced 高级的。 11. D根据文章大意可知，他报名参加了在他的城市“举办”(hosted)的马拉松比赛,故选 D 项。其余选项: A. solved 解决; B. attended 出席; C. moved移动。 12. C由上文“... his left leg was injured.”可知,观众和他的队长以为他会以“失败”(failure)告终，故选C项。其余选项:A. detail细节;B. success成功;D. experience 经验。 13. A由下文“... but ran as hard as he could...”可知, Richard 并没有“放弃”(give up)比赛,故选 A项。其余选项:B. clean up 打扫;C. make up 化妆;D. sign up报名。 14. D由下文“win the medal as well as the honor for his team”可知,他在为团队而“竞争”(compete),故选D项。其余选项:A. apply申请;B. arrange 安排;C. explore探索。 15. B 由上文“Finally, not only did he become champion...”可知, Richard“赢得”(won)了数百万人的赞赏,故选 B项。其余选项:A. designed 设计;C. organized 组织;D. challenged 挑战。 B 八。语法填空 【参考答案】 1. of 2. successful 3. or 4. to see 5. a6. sports 7. keeping 8. allowed 9. gave10. what 【答案解析】 1. of 考查介词。 keep the habit of doing sth 是固定搭配，表示“保持做某事的习惯”，故填 of。 2. successful 考查词性转换。空后为名词 actresses,空格应填形容词修饰名词,故填 successful。 3. or 考查连词。此句意为“Lucy 并没有泄气或者放弃希望”,故填 or。 4. to see 考查非谓语动词。 pretend to do sth 是固定搭配,表示“假装做某事”,故填 to see。 5. a 考查冠词。 make a difference 是固定搭配,表示“有作用或影响”，故填a。 6. sports 考查名词的单复数。sport 为可数名词且前面没有冠词修饰,故填 sports。 7. keeping 考查非谓语动词。“the secret to...”中的to为介词，表示“……的秘密”，后接动名词，故填keeping。 8. allowed 考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知,puton为谓语动词，allow与主语 Lucy之间是被动关系，故填过去分词 allowed。 9. gave 考查动词的时态。由上文“Last month...”可知,时态应为一般过去时，故填 gave。 10. what 考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，这是一个表语从句中包含主语从句的主从复合句。that what the doctor said made sense 是表语从句, what the doctor said为主语从句。在这个从句中，said是及物动词，缺宾语,故填 what。 九.阅读理解 A 1.答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Teenagers’ fitness is now a major concern, to which physical exercise is very important. It reduces stress and improves fitness. Exercise makes your body strong, and helps you to keep the right body weight (青少年的健康现在是一个主要问题，体育锻炼对其非常重要。它能减轻压力，提高健康水平。运动使你的身体强壮，并帮助你保持正确的体重)”和第三段中的“All these will help to burn calories (这些有助于燃烧卡路里)”可知，帮助青少年长高并不是文章所提到的运动的好处。故选A。 2.答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的““Inactive” means that the person does not join in many physical activities, but is not seriously overweight. (“不活跃”是指这个人不参加很多体育活动，但没有严重超重)”可知，不活跃的青少年没有严重超重。故选C。 3.答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Dr. Lopez suggests one hour a week or more on running and other forms of intensive exercise, together with fifteen minutes a day spent on stretching and bending activities. “These are really important in order to prevent injuries,” Dr. Lopez said (洛佩兹建议每周花一个小时或更多的时间进行跑步和其他形式的高强度运动，同时每天花15分钟做伸展和弯曲运动。“为了防止受伤，这些是非常重要的，”洛佩兹博士说)”可知，伸展和弯曲运动有助于防止受伤。故选B。 4.答案：B 解析：主旨大意题。第一段是文章的中心段。第一段第一句“Teenagers’ fitness is now a major concern, to which physical exercise is very important. It reduces stress and improves fitness (青少年的健康现在是一个主要的问题，体育锻炼是非常重要的)”是中心句，下文就不同健康问题的青少年提出了一些具体的运动建议。因此文章都是围绕“青少年健康”展开的。故选B。 B 1.答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“The research found that people who keep fit are more likely to have larger brains, better memories and clearer thinking.(研究发现，保持健康的人更有可能拥有更大的大脑、更好的记忆力和更清晰的思维)"可知，健康的人可能拥有更大的大脑、更好的记忆力和更清晰的思维。故选A。 2.答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“As they went through a three-month fitness program, they saw improvements in their memory.(当他们进行为期三个月的健身计划时，他们的记忆力有所改善)"可知，从实验中可以得知，锻炼有助于人们提高记忆力。故选C。 3.答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Moderate intensity aerobic activity such as walking, cycling or running can produce changes in brain structure and function.(中等强度的有氧运动，如步行、骑自行车或跑步，可以改变大脑结构和功能)"可知，步行、骑自行车或跑步可以改变大脑结构和功能，没有提及唱歌。故选B。 4.答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Scientists have found that the sport not only keeps people fit but also improves your brain power.(科学家已经发现，这项运动不仅能让人保持健康，还能提高你的脑力)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了运动不仅可以让人保持健康，还可以提高人们的脑力，作者写作的目的是告诉你，运动可以提高你的脑力。故选A。 C七选五 答案：GBAED 解析：①空前提到，要让他人知道你的健身目标。你可以把你的健身目标告诉家人、朋友和同事，鼓励他们询问你实现目标的情况。由此可知，空处内容应与把健身目标告诉家人、朋友和同事会产生的结果有关。G项"知道每个人都在关注你会为你坚持目标提供很大的动力"与上文联系紧密，故选G。 ②根据段落主旨句"Make an appointment with your doctor"和空前的"Ask the doctor about your health condition and how becoming more physically fit can help you become healthier"及空后的"just three hours of advice by doctors over two years"可知，空处内容应与和医生的交谈有关。B项"然后寻求一些建议"与上文构成递进关系，B项中的" suggestions"与空后的" advice"的对应关系亦是提示。故选B。 ③空处是本段的主旨句。根据空后的"have a fitness professional set your goals"可知，空处内容应与专业的健身教练有关。A项"请一位私人教练"能够较好地概括本段内容，符合语境。 ④根据段落主旨句"Consider healthy living, not just workouts"可知，本段主要讲的是要考虑健康的生活方式，而不仅仅是锻炼。空后提到你可以简单地站起来，在打电话的时候四处走动，要经常走楼梯，而不是乘坐电梯。由此可知，空处内容应与健康的生活方式有关。E项"持续的日常活动会使你非常健康"与上下文衔接紧密。故选E。 ⑤根据段落主旨句"Do it for charity"可知，本段建议为做慈善而锻炼。再结合空后的"If you fall into that category, then find a way to use your charitable nature to motivate yourself to exercise"可知，空处内容应涉及做慈善。D项"一些人在帮助别人时获得极大的满足感"能够呼应段落主旨，且与下文衔接紧密，符合语境。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $