精品解析：2026届福建闽清县高三下学期命题趋势预测（一）英语试题

2026年福建省闽清县高三下学期命题趋势预测（一） 英语 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Best Art Competitions to Enter in 2024 Watermedia Showcase Watermedia Showcase is back for its 15th year! Showcase your best watercolor art in this exciting competition. All winners and honorable mentions will have their works featured in the magazine. First prize winners will receive an additional $2,500 cash prize and a free Artists Network Membership. Entry fee is $45 ($30 before February 6, 2024). Closing Date: April 11, 2024. Jackson’s Painting Prize Jackson’s Painting Prize was created to reward original art created with oil paints. A $7,500 total cash prize will be equally divided between the first three winning artists. There are also awards for emerging artists and best oil paintings. Winners will be given an opportunity to have their works shown in an exhibition. Entry fee is $35 per entry. Closing Date: March 1, 2024. The Strokes of Genius Contest Open to artists in the United States and Canada, this contest celebrates original drawings made in pencil, charcoal, pen and ink, colored pencil and so on. Top prize is $3,500. Winning entries will be published in a special edition of The Best of Drawing. Entry fee is $45. Closing Date: April 29, 2024. The Sunny Art Prize Contestants can submit works made in a diverse range of media, including drawing, sculpture, printmaking, video art, and photography. Top prize winner receives $6,000 and a silver medal. Open to artists worldwide aged 18 and over. Entry fee is $40 for one artwork. Closing Date: June 30, 2024. 1. What is the final deadline for the submission of watercolor works? A. April 11. B. March 1. C. February 6. D. April 29. 2. What can a winner get in Jackson’s Painting Prize? A. A silver medal. B. A free membership. C. A chance to exhibit his entry. D. A qualification to publish his work. 3. What is special about the Sunny Art Prize? A. It charges the least for each artwork. B. It is most popular with emerging artists. C. It is open to artists based in North America. D. It accepts entries in multiple types of media. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了2024年最佳艺术比赛的奖项、费用以及截止日期。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Watermedia Showcase部分的“Showcase your best watercolor art in this exciting competition.(在这个激动人心的比赛中展示你最好的水彩艺术)”以及“Closing Date: April 11, 2024.(截止日期：2024年4月11日)”可知，水彩画作品的提交截止日期是四月11日。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Jackson’s Painting Prize 部分的“A $7,500 total cash prize will be equally divided between the first three winning artists. There are also awards for emerging artists and best oil paintings. Winners will be given an opportunity to have their works shown in an exhibition. (7500美元的现金奖金将平均分配给前三名获奖艺术家。还有新兴艺术家奖和最佳油画奖。获奖者将有机会在展览中展出他们的作品)”可知，杰克逊绘画奖比赛的获奖作品将有机会展出他的参赛作品。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题，根据The Sunny Art Prize部分的“Contestants can submit works made in a diverse range of media, including drawing, sculpture, printmaking, video art, and photography. (参赛者可以提交各种媒体的作品，包括绘画、雕塑、版画、视频艺术和摄影)”可知，阳光艺术奖接受多种媒体的参赛作品。故选D。 B Every 40 seconds, someone in the US has a heart attack. Of course, this statistic applies only to humans. But what about other animal — do they also experience this condition? A heart attack occurs when a blood vessel (血管) distributing oxygenated blood to the heart gets blocked and a piece of heart tissue dies from the deprivation of oxygen, according to Flavio Fenton, a professor of physics who studies both human and other animal species’ hearts. “Since animals’ hearts are very similar,” Fenton said, “most animals hearts, in principle, could have heart attacks.” But that’s not what happened. For instance, heart attacks occur very rarely in dogs. Even the chimps, which are not only closely related to humans but also share similar risk factors for heart disease, do not have heart attacks. Even in mice and rabbits that are genetically modified to have high cholesterol (胆固醇) and blood fats for the purpose of inducing atherosclerosis and other human diseases, actual heart attacks rarely occur, according to a 2009 paper. Despite previous reports that other animals mostly don’t have heart attacks, the truth is that there haven’t been a lot of experiments investigating this question. “You can observe that an animal has suddenly died, but very rarely would you actually look for the cause of it. We just don’t know whether they suffer heart attacks,” said Tomasz Owerkowicz, a physiologist at California State University. But based on heart structures, researchers can make predictions about which creatures are most likely to have heart attacks. Owerkowicz and Fenton are doing such experiments on alligators (短吻鳄). “In their heart, you find the vessels; and they have spongy (海绵状的) tissues, around which there’s a lot of blood, not necessarily coming from the vessels,” Fenton said. According to the researchers’ experiments so far, alligators don’t have heart attacks. The alligator’s heart tissue had no signs of cell death, Fenton added. 4. What does the underlined word “deprivation” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Consumption. B. Encounter. C. Lack. D. Production. 5. What do the animals mentioned in Paragraph 3 have in common? A. They have high cholesterol. B. They hardly suffer heart attacks. C. They are easily genetically modified. D. They share similar risk factors for heart disease with humans. 6. What’s Tomasz Owerkowicz’s attitude to previous reports? A. Indifferent. B. Supportive. C. Doubtful. D. Hopeful. 7. Why do alligators have no heart attacks? A. Their blood vessels are quite strong. B. The cells in their heart are in large numbers. C. Their heart can beat faster than most animals’. D. The blood in their heart has multiple sources. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于动物是否会患心脏病的一些研究和一些专家的看法。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。本句中and前后表示顺承，根据and前的“a blood vessel (血管) distributing oxygenated blood to the heart gets blocked(向心脏输送含氧血液的血管堵塞)”可知，运送含氧血液的血管堵塞。由此推知，这会导致心脏缺氧，一部分心脏组织会坏死。划线词deprivation表示“缺少”，和lack的意思最为接近。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“For instance, heart attacks occur very rarely in dogs. Even the chimps, which are not only closely related to humans but also share similar risk factors for heart disease, do not have heart attacks. Even in mice and rabbits that are genetically modified to have high cholesterol (胆固醇) and blood fats for the purpose of inducing atherosclerosis and other human diseases, actual heart attacks rarely occur, according to a 2009 paper.(例如，狗很少发生心脏病发作。黑猩猩不仅与人类关系密切，而且有相似的心脏病风险因素，但即使是黑猩猩也没有心脏病发作。根据2009年的一篇论文，即使是在老鼠和兔子身上，通过基因改造使它们具有高胆固醇和血脂，以诱发动脉粥样硬化和其他人类疾病，实际的心脏病发作也很少发生)”可知，本段列举的这些动物的共同点是：它们很少患心脏病。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Despite previous reports that other animals mostly don’t have heart attacks, the truth is that there haven’t been a lot of experiments investigating this question.(尽管之前有报告称其他动物大多不会患心脏病，但事实是，还没有很多实验来研究这个问题)”可知，先前关于动物是否会患心脏病的报告并没有进行很多实验去论证。接着用Tomasz Owerkowicz的话“You can observe that an animal has suddenly died, but very rarely would you actually look for the cause of it. We just don’t know whether they suffer heart attacks(你可以观察到动物突然死亡，但你很少会真正寻找死亡原因。我们只是不知道它们是否患有心脏病)”来支持这一观点。由此推知，Tomasz Owerkowicz对之前的研究报告持怀疑态度。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“In their heart, you find the vessels; and they have spongy (海绵状的) tissues, around which there’s a lot of blood, not necessarily coming from the vessels(在它们的心脏里，你可以找到血管；而且它们有海绵状组织，周围有很多血液，这些血液不一定来自血管)”可知，血管可以给心脏供血，而且海绵状组织周围也有其他地方的可以给心脏供血。由此推知，短吻鳄不会患心脏病的原因是，它们心脏中的血液有多种来源。故选D。 C Climate change has been a long-standing issue. The universe’s most abundant element, hydrogen (氢), has drawn the scientists’ attention and is now on its way to becoming the future of green fuel. More than $150 billion worth of green hydrogen projects were announced globally in 2020. A European multinational aerospace corporation has taken the lead in the new sustainable fuel industry. It has designed self-contained hydrogen fuel cell pods (电池舱) that can be attached to the underside of airplane wings, promoting the use of hydrogen fuel for long-distance flights, which aim to achieve zero emissions. Compared to fossil fuels, hydrogen is a much more eco-friendly fuel. When hydrogen burns, the only by-product is water. However, the traditional way to get hydrogen from natural gas or coal generates considerable carbon emissions. The greenest way is to obtain hydrogen from water using electrolysis (电解) powered by renewable energy, although this process requires so much electricity. The key to making hydrogen competitive with fossil fuels is to lower the production cost. Also, shipping liquid hydrogen is challenging, given that needs to be chilled to -253℃ to do so. Japan’s Kawasaki Heavy Industries is set to complete the construction of the world’s first liquefied hydrogen carrier by early 2021. Most of the world’s big hydrogen export projects are looking to ship hydrogen in the form of liquid ammonia (氨), which can be changed to hydrogen and needs to be chilled to only -33 C. With more and more countries aiming to cut down carbon emissions to solve the issue of global warming, green hydrogen will help decarbonizing (碳减排) industries that can’t be electrified hit the targets. “We could use these circumstances, where loads of public money are going to be needed into the energy system, to jump forward towards a hydrogen economy,” said Diederik Samsom, who heads the European Commission’s climate cabinet. 8. What is the strength of the hydrogen fuel? A. It is convenient to store. B. It works very efficiently. C. It is environmentally friendly. D. It produces no by-product 9. What is the challenge when shipping liquid hydrogen? A. The required temperature. B. The expensive cost of shipping. C. The construction of liquefied carriers. D. Changing it to the form of liquid ammonia. 10. Which industries will benefit from green hydrogen most? A. Those making hydrogen. B. Those generating electricity. C. Those funded by public money. D. Those powered by fossil fuels. 11. What is the most suitable title for the passage? A. Fueling a Green Future B. Living a Green Life C. Shipping Liquid Hydrogen D. Making Hydrogen Competitive 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍为了解决气候变化问题，广大科学家将目光聚焦在绿色的氢气能源上，并介绍了氢气能源的运输条件和发展前景。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It has designed self-contained hydrogen fuel cell pods (电池舱) that can be attached to the underside of airplane wings, promoting the use of hydrogen fuel for long-distance flights, which aim to achieve zero emissions. (该公司设计了独立的氢燃料电池舱，可以附着在飞机机翼的底部，促进氢燃料在长途飞行中的使用，旨在实现零排放。)”可知，氢燃料电池舱能促进氢燃料在长途飞行中的使用，旨在实现零排放，由此可知，燃料电池舱的主要优点就在于环保。故选C项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Also, shipping liquid hydrogen is challenging, given that needs to be chilled to -253℃ to do so. (此外，运输液氢具有挑战性，因为需要将其冷却到-253℃。)”可知，液态氢气的运输需要先将其冷却至超低温，由此可知，运输液态氢的挑战是它对温度有要求。故选A项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“With more and more countries aiming to cut down carbon emissions to solve the issue of global warming, green hydrogen will help decarbonizing (碳减排) industries that can’t be electrified hit the targets. (随着越来越多的国家致力于减少碳排放以解决全球变暖问题，绿色氢将帮助无法电气化的脱碳行业实现目标。)”可知，绿色氢将帮助无法电气化的脱碳行业实现目标，由此可知，绿色氢可以让以化石燃料为动力的行业受益。故选D项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Climate change has been a long-standing issue. The universe’s most abundant element, hydrogen (氢), has drawn the scientists’ attention and is now on its way to becoming the future of green fuel. (气候变化是一个长期存在的问题。宇宙中最丰富的元素氢已经引起了科学家们的注意，现在它正在成为未来的绿色燃料。)”可知，为了解决气候变化问题，氢元素引起了科学家们的主要，她正成为未来的绿色燃料，结合下文中介绍的氢燃料的特点以及运输液体氢燃料的挑战和其发展前景可知，题目“推动绿色未来”与本文的内容吻合，且概括了全文的主题，最符合文章标题。故选A项。 D Jackdaws (寒鸦) are the smallest member of the crow family. They often live in a crowd. Indeed, when cold weather comes, they gather in the hundreds (and sometimes thousands) every evening so that they can sleep in the same place. If you’ve ever heard jackdaws during their evening gatherings and morning departures, you’ll know they are not quiet birds. Despite being fairly low-volume during the day, they are really loud on either side of their night-time get-togethers. Why might this be? A team of the Cornish Jackdaw Project set out to determine why jackdaws are so noisy before they depart from their sleeping spot. The team’s theory was that the morning calls might be a jackdaw version of “voting”. The researchers suspected that each individual’s call might count as an “I’m in!”. When a certain amount of “I’m in!”s are called —and so a certain volume of noise is reached -the group might then depart as a unit. To test this idea, the researchers artificially increased the level of calls during the jackdaws’ natural morning calls. Their expectation was that, if jackdaws really are “voting with their voice” to decide when to depart the sleeping site, artificially adding calls would make them leave earlier than they naturally would have done. Subsequent experiments confirmed their expectation. The team therefore showed that jackdaws use their calls as a sort of voting system. You might wonder why this happens. The researchers suggest that individual jackdaws benefit from the voting system because they are less at risk of being killed and they can get more access to social information — such as where to find food. So the loud calls of jackdaws in the morning are therefore not the pure chaos it sounds like. If you are ever being driven mad by the sound in the morning, you can find comfort in the fact that the louder they get, the sooner they will leave you in peace. 12. What aspect of jackdaws confused scientists? A. Their strong team spirit. B. Their preference for noisy habitats. C. Their collective sleeping habit. D. Their unusual calling behavior. 13. What happened to the jackdaws when artificial calls were added? A. They stopped calling together. B. They left their sleeping spot earlier. C. They became noisier and more active. D. They changed their sleeping location. 14. What does the voting system mean to individual jackdaws? A. A signal of seeking food. B. A strategy for better survival. C. A way to attract potential partners. D. A method of displaying social skills. 15. What can be the best title for the text? A. Jackdaws are Noise Makers. B. Jackdaws Have a Complex Voting System. C. Jackdaws ‘Vote’ to Make a Group Decision. D. Jackdaws ‘Vote’ to Choose Their Group Leaders. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了寒鸦在离开睡眠地点前会发出大量的嘎吱声，研究人员认为这是它们用声音投票决定离开的方式。研究还发现，这种投票系统对于寒鸦个体来说有益，它们能更好地避免危险和获取社交信息。因此，寒鸦在早晨的大声叫喊并不是纯粹的混乱，它们的叫声越大，离开的时间就越早。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Despite being fairly low-volume during the day, they are really loud on either side of their night-time get-togethers. Why might this be?(尽管白天的声音很小，但在晚上聚集的时候，它们的声音非常大。为什么会这样呢？)”可知，让科学家们困惑的是它们不寻常的叫声。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“The researchers suspected that each individual’s call might count as an “I’m in!”. When a certain amount of “I’m in!” s are called —and so a certain volume of noise is reached -the group might then depart as a unit.(研究人员怀疑，每只寒鸦的呼叫都可能被视为“我加入!”当一定量的“我加入!”当噪音达到一定的音量时，这群乌鸦就会作为一个整体离开。)”以及第三段中“To test this idea, the researchers artificially increased the level of calls during the jackdaws’ natural morning calls. (为了验证这一观点，研究人员人为地增加了寒鸦自然鸣叫时的叫声水平)”以及本段中“Their expectation was that, if jackdaws really are “voting with their voice” to decide when to depart the sleeping site, artificially adding calls would make them leave earlier than they naturally would have done. (他们的预期是，如果寒鸦真的“用声音投票”来决定何时离开睡觉的地方，人为地增加叫声会使它们比自然情况下更早离开。)”可知，研究人员人为地增加了寒鸦自然鸣叫时的叫声是为了验证之前提出的观点，即当一定量的“我加入!”噪音达到一定的音量时，这群乌鸦就会作为一个整体离开。故当人为地增加了寒鸦自然鸣的叫声时，乌鸦比自然情况下更早离开离开了睡觉的地方。故选B。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“You might wonder why this happens. The researchers suggest that individual jackdaws benefit from the voting system because they are less at risk of being killed and they can get more access to social information — such as where to find food.(你可能想知道为什么会这样。研究人员认为，个别寒鸦从投票系统中受益，因为它们被杀死的风险更小，而且它们可以获得更多的社会信息——比如在哪里可以找到食物。)”可知，个别寒鸦从投票系统中受益，因为它们被杀死的风险更小，即为一个更好生存的策略。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Despite being fairly low-volume during the day, they are really loud on either side of their night-time get-togethers. Why might this be?(尽管白天的声音很小，但在晚上聚集的时候，它们的声音非常大。为什么会这样呢？)”以及通读全文，文章回答了寒鸦在晚上聚会时为什么会发出非常大的声音即寒鸦在离开睡眠地点前会发出大量的嘎吱声，研究人员认为这是它们用声音投票决定离开的方式。C选项“Jackdaws ‘Vote’ to Make a Group Decision.( 寒鸦“投票”做出集体决定。)”概括文章内容，符合文章标题。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Clean a House Cleaning your house seems like a fairly self-explanatory task, but when you sit down to think about it, you might realize that you have a lot of questions. ____16____ We’ll work it down into a process that seems simple enough to tackle. Decide how clean you want your house to be and how much time you have. ____17____ So, be honest with yourself about what you can do, how much time you have, and how motivated you’re feeling. ____18____ You don’t want to vacuum and then get crumbs all over the floor, or dust the bottom of something and knock more dust down when you work your way up onto the previously uncleaned areas. If you don’t have much time, start with the mess first and work your way to more serious things from there. Make a checklist and a plan of attack. Know which rooms you plan to start and finish your cleaning in. This will help speed up the process and ensure you are not repeating your efforts, especially if more than one person is involved in the cleaning. You can follow the steps in the cleaning part in order. ____19____ Attempt to delegate tasks. If you live with other people, cleaning the house should not be exclusively your responsibility! You may have to take on leadership by setting up a rotational (轮流的) cleaning schedule, but it’s far better than having to do this backbreaking work alone. ____20____ For example, grade school children can pick up their bedroom floors, teenagers can clean the garage or bathroom, etc. Once you get started, you won’t want to stop until the whole house is spotless and organized. A. For example, how do you clean a toilet? B. Work from the top down, if at all possible. C. Once you get started, make sure it is equal. D. Make sure the tasks assigned are age-appropriate. E. Should this really be something you do in everyday life? F. This way, you’ll have a checklist already written out for you. G. This will help you decide how to set up your cleaning schedule. 【答案】16. A 17. G 18. B 19. F 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了如何清洁房屋。 【16题详解】 上文“Cleaning your house seems like a fairly self explanatory task, but when you sit down to think about it, you might realize that you have a lot of questions.(打扫你的房子似乎是一项相当不言而喻的任务，但当你坐下来仔细想想，你可能会意识到你有很多问题)”指出打扫房子会有很多问题，A选项“For example, how do you clean a toilet?(例如，你如何清洁马桶？)”通过举例具体说明了会遇到的问题，与上文逻辑紧密，进一步阐述了有哪些疑问。故选A项。 【17题详解】 上文“Decide how clean you want your house to be and how much time you have.(决定你希望你的房子有多干净以及你有多少时间)”提到要确定清洁程度和可用时间，G选项“This will help you decide how to set up your cleaning schedule.(这将帮助你决定如何安排你的清洁时间表)”表明确定这些因素有助于制定清洁计划，与上文存在因果关系，是对上文内容的合理延伸。故选G项。 【18题详解】 下文“You don’t want to vacuum and then get crumbs all over the floor, or dust the bottom of something and knock more dust down when you work your way up onto the previously uncleaned areas.(你肯定不想刚吸完尘又把面包屑弄得到处都是，或者刚擦完某物底部，却在清理上方未打扫的区域时，又把灰尘抖落到已清洁过的地方)”解释了清洁时应避免的情况，B选项“Work from the top down, if at all possible.(如果可能的话，从上往下清洁)”提出了正确的清洁顺序，能避免下文所说的问题，与下文逻辑紧密，是下文内容的前提。故选B项。 【19题详解】 上文“Make a checklist and a plan of attack. Know which rooms you plan to start and finish your cleaning in. This will help speed up the process and ensure you are not repeating your efforts, especially if more than one person is involved in the cleaning. You can follow the steps in the cleaning part in order.(制定一份清单和行动计划。知道你打算从哪个房间开始打扫，从哪个房间结束。这将有助于加快这一过程，并确保你不会重复你的工作，特别是如果不止一个人参与清洁。你可以按照清洗部分的步骤依次操作)”提出要制定清单，并给出制定清单的建议：按照清洁步骤的依次操作，F选项“This way, you’ll have a checklist already written out for you.(这样，你就有了一份为你写好的清单)”说明按照前文做法能得到写好的清单，与上文紧密相关，是对上文行为结果的说明。故选F项。 【20题详解】 下文“For example, grade school children can pick up their bedroom floors, teenagers can clean the garage or bathroom, etc.(例如，小学生可以收拾他们的卧室地板，青少年可以打扫车库或浴室等等)”通过举例说明了不同年龄段适合的清洁任务，D选项“Make sure the tasks assigned are age appropriate.(确保分配的任务适合相应的年龄)”提出了分配任务的原则，与下文的举例相呼应，是下文内容的总结和概括。故选D项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Susan was a high school student, her English teacher, Fred DiMeo, asked her to carry out a task: Recite (背诵) a poem in front of the whole class. “I had a mild stutter (口吃), which tried the ____21____ of my classmates,” Susan said. The thought of ____22____ in front of the class and stuttering through the ____23____ was too much to bear. When the day of the recitation came, Susan, painfully shy and ____24____, recited the poem. Once she was done, DiMeo said something she’d never ____25____ before: that he liked listening to her voice. For the first time, she ____26____ that public speaking didn’t have to be a source of ____27____. “I think in his mind he just wanted me to ____28____ I have nothing to be afraid of,” Susan said. Susan went on to graduate from high school and go to college. She never got to ____29____ thank DiMeo. Sometime after college, she managed to _____30_____ a job as a trainer. The work made her know how big an _____31_____ DiMeo had had on her confidence. “It’s so _____32_____ to stand up in front of people and speak with them. And I do it all the time,” she said. Susan recently found a way to _____33_____ her teacher, and sent him a letter expressing her _____34_____. “ You played a big role in my life,” she wrote. “I don't know where I would’ve gone if I felt like I had to keep my voice _____35_____ because I was afraid of embarrassing (使尴尬) myself. ” 21. A. ability B. patience C. knowledge D. pleasure 22. A. getting up B. falling over C. setting off D. crying out 23. A. notice B. poem C. speech D. room 24. A. brave B. relaxed C. nervous D. sleepy 25. A. repeated B. changed C. heard D. seen 26. A. forgot B. imagined C. wrote D. realized 27. A. time B. fear C. luck D. risk 28. A. explain B. require C. understand D. warn 29. A. hurriedly B. easily C. properly D. secretly 30. A. miss B. save C. share D. find 31. A. influence B. offer C. agreement D. order 32. A. awful B. fair C. early D. nice 33. A. help B. contact C. follow D. protect 34. A. questions B. works C. hobbies D. thanks 35. A. quiet B. busy C. loud D. soft 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文的体裁是记叙文。主要讲述了苏珊在高中时期，因为一位名叫迪梅奥的英语老师给予的鼓励和启发，从而克服了公开演讲的恐惧，并最终对教师表达了感激之情。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有轻微的口吃，这让我的同学们很难忍受。A. ability能力；B. patience耐心；C. knowledge知识；D. pleasure快乐。根据上文“I had a mild stutter(我有轻微的口吃)”以及下文“was too much to bear(太难以忍受)”可知此处上下文说的是作者的口吃让同学们很难忍受，这考验了同学的耐心，故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一想到站在全班同学面前结结巴巴地读完这首诗，我就难以忍受。A. getting up起立；B. falling over倒下；C. setting off出发；D. crying out执行。根据上文“asked her to carry out a task: Recite (背诵) a poem in front of the whole class(让她完成一项任务：在全班同学面前背诵一首诗)”可知此处上下文说的是作者要起立在同学们面前背诵。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. notice通知；B. poem诗；C. speech演讲；D. room房间。根据上文“asked her to carry out a task: Recite (背诵) a poem in front of the whole class(让她完成一项任务：在全班同学面前背诵一首诗)”可知此处说的是作者要背诵一首诗，故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：背诵的日子来临了，苏珊因过于害羞和紧张，艰难地背诵了这首诗。A. brave勇敢的；B. relaxed放松的；C. nervous紧张的；D. sleepy困的。根据上文“I had a mild stutter(我有轻微的口吃)”以及“painfully shy(极度害羞)”可知，此处说的是作者要当众背诵，因口吃而害羞，可推理出作者当时很紧张，故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她背诵完后，迪梅奥说了一句她以前从未听说过的话：他喜欢听她的声音。A. repeated重复；B. changed改变；C. heard听见；D. seen看见。根据下文“he liked listening to her voice(他喜欢听她的声音)”可知此处是苏珊听到的话，故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一次，她意识到公开演讲不必是恐惧的来源。A. forgot忘记；B. imagined想象；C. wrote写；D. realized意识到。根据下文“public speaking didn’t have to be a source of(公开演讲不必是……的来源)”可知，下文说的是作者意识到的内容，故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. time时间；B. fear恐惧；C. luck运气；D. risk风险。根据下文“I have nothing to be afraid of(我没有什么好可怕的)”可知此处上下文说的是公开演讲不是一件可怕的事，故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想在他心里，他只是想让我明白，我没有什么可害怕的。A. explain解释；B. require需要；C. understand理解，明白；D. warn警告。根据上文“I think in his mind he just wanted me to(我想在他心里，他只是想让我……)”以及下文“I have nothing to be afraid of(我没有什么可害怕的)”可知此处上下文说的是迪梅奥希望苏珊理解没有什么可害怕的，可知空白处应填表示“理解”含义的表达，故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她始终未好好地感谢过迪梅奥。A. hurriedly匆忙地；B. easily容易地；C. properly正确地；D. secretly秘密地。根据下文“Susan recently found a way to________ her teacher, and sent him a letter expressing her________.”可知，作者从没有好好地感谢过迪梅奥，故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：大学毕业后的一段时间，她设法找到了一份培训师的工作。A. miss思念；B. save拯救；C. share分享；D. find找到。根据下文“a job as a trainer(一份培训师的工作)”可知此处上下文说的是找到一份培训师的工作，故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这项工作让她知道迪梅奥对她的信心有多大的影响。A. influence影响；B. offer出价；C. agreement同意；D. order订单。根据下文“on her confidence(对她的自信心的……)”并结合苏珊在老师的鼓励后的进步可知，此处上下文说的是迪梅奥对作者的自信心有影响，可推理出空白处应填表示“影响”含义的名词，故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：能站在人们面前与他们交谈真是太好了。A. awful令人讨厌的；B. fair公平的；C. early早的；D. nice美好的。根据下文“I do it all the time(我一直都在这么做)”可知此处说的是作者经常站在人们面前与他们交谈，可推理出作者感觉站在人们面前与他们交谈是一件很美好的事，故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：苏珊最近找到了联系她老师的方法，并给他写了一封感谢信。A. help帮助；B. contact联系；C. follow跟随；D. protect保护。根据下文“sent him a letter(寄给他一封信)”可知作者给迪梅奥寄了一封信，可推理出作者联系上了迪梅奥，故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. questions问题；B. works著作；C. hobbies爱好；D. thanks感谢。根据下文“You played a big role in my life(你在我生活中起了很大的作用)”可知此处上下文说的是作者认为迪梅奥在她的生活中起了很大的作用，可推理出作者写信是为了感谢迪梅奥，且上文“ She never got to 9 thank DiMeo. ”也是提示。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我因为害怕让自己尴尬而必须保持沉默的话，我真不知道我会走到哪里。A. quiet寡言少语的；B. busy忙的；C. loud大声的；D. soft柔软的。根据下文“I was afraid of embarrassing (使尴尬) myself(因为我害怕让自己尴尬)”可知此处上下文说的是作者使用了虚拟语气的表达方式，想象着如果当时自己因为害怕让自己尴尬而保持沉默的话，她不知道自己会变成什么样子，故选A项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，根据上下文在空白处填写适当的词语，或使用括号中所给词语的适当形式填空。 Within the wildly varied types of Peruvian food, there’s one deserving some special attention-Peruvian Chinese food, locally ____36____ (call) chifa. The roots of the chifa tradition lie in the first big wave, of Chinese migration to Peru, which ____37____ (occur) in the mid-nineteenth century. Since then, more Chinese have come to Peru. And this, in turn, creates interesting ____38____ (opportunity) for Chinese citizens considering opening a business in Peru. The Chinese influence in Peru has given rise to ____39____ kind of fusion (融合) cuisine. Also, it’s responsible for contributing some absolutely essential ingredients ____40____ Peruvian cooking. Just as traditional Chinese ingredients took root in wider Peruvian cuisine, certain words of Chinese origin became commonly-used in Peru. Of course, there’s the word chifa, ____41____ describes Chinese-Peruvian fusion food as well as the restaurants that sell it. Chifa is not just a fusion of two cuisines ____42____ a reflection of the unique culinary traditions of the regions where it is prepared. Recipes can easily ____43____ (adjust) to include ingredients only available or popular in a specific region. Another fun fact: the ____44____ (huge) popular late-night TV programme “Wantan Night” was actually named after the wontons used in chifa, _____45_____ (demonstrate) just how deeply rooted Chinese cuisine is in Peru. 【答案】36. called 37. occurred 38. opportunities 39. a 40. to 41. which 42. but 43. be adjusted 44. hugely 45. demonstrating 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了秘鲁中餐chifa，其起源于19世纪中期中国移民潮，是融合菜系，体现了独特烹饪传统，还影响了当地语言和节目。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在种类繁多的秘鲁食物中，有一种值得特别关注——秘鲁中餐，当地人称之为chifa。句中已有谓语is，空处为非谓语动词，Peruvian Chinese food和call之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此空处需用过去分词形式，作后置定语。故填called。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：chifa传统的根源在于19世纪中叶中国移民到秘鲁的第一次大浪潮。空处为which引导的非限制性定语从句的谓语动词，由时间状语in the mid-nineteenth century可知，句子时态为一般过去时，空处用过去式occurred。故填occurred。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：这反过来又为考虑在秘鲁开展业务的中国公民创造了有趣的机会。opportunity是可数名词，空前无限定词，所以使用名词复数形式表示泛指意义。故填opportunities。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：中国在秘鲁的影响力催生了一种融合美食。a kind of为固定短语，意为“一种”。故填a。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：此外，它还负责为秘鲁烹饪提供一些绝对必要的食材。contribute...to...是固定短语，意为“把……捐献给……”，因此空格处用介词to。故填to。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：当然，还有“chifa”这个词，用来形容中国和秘鲁的融合食物，以及卖这种食物的餐馆。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词chifa是物，从句中缺少主语，需用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。 【42题详解】 考查连词。句意：Chifa不仅融合了两种美食，还是其制作地区独特烹饪传统的一种体现。not only...but (also)...为固定短语，意为“不仅……而且……”。故填but。 【43题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：食谱可以很容易地调整，包括只在特定地区可用或受欢迎的成分。空处且为句子的谓语动词部分，adjust与主语Recipes之间为被动关系，空前有情态动词can，后接动词原形，因此空处需填be adjusted。故填be adjusted。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：另一个有趣的事实是：非常受欢迎的深夜电视节目“Wantan Night”实际上是以chifa中使用的馄饨命名的，这表明中国菜在秘鲁有多么根深蒂固。空处修饰形容词popular，需用副词形式。故填hugely。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：另一个有趣的事实是：非常受欢迎的深夜电视节目“Wantan Night”实际上是以chifa中使用的馄饨命名的，这表明中国菜在秘鲁有多么根深蒂固。句中已有谓语was actually named，空处为非谓语动词，programme “Wantan Night”和demonstrate之间是主动关系，因此空处需用现在分词形式作状语。故填demonstrating。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周五在学校参加了一场急救知识讲座。请根据以下要点给你的英国朋友Alan写封邮件分享此事。内容包括： 1.讲座内容； 2.收获体会； 3.希望对方分享相关经历。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear Alan, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Alan, How are you getting along recently? I am writing to share a lecture with you. The lecture was held at my school last Friday. In the lecture, a medical professor introduced what first aid is, when to give first aid and how to offer first aid in an emergency. I learned a lot about self-help and home care. For me, the most important is that I am inspired to become a doctor in the future. Have you ever attended such lectures? I am looking forward to your sharing. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Alan写一封信，分享上周五学校的急救知识讲座。 【详解】1.词汇积累 进展：go→get along 最近：lately→recently 帮助：help→aid 参加：join→attend 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句： I am writing to share a lecture with you. The lecture was held at my school last Friday. 拓展句： I am writing to share a lecture with you, which was held at my school last Friday. 【点睛】[高分句型1] In the lecture, a medical professor introduced what first aid is, when to give first aid and how to offer first aid in an emergency. （what引导的宾语从句） [高分句型2] For me, the most important is that I am inspired to become a doctor in the future.（that引导的表语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My childhood is magical and full of adventure. I have so many childhood memories, and I would like to share one that still stimulates me. This unforgettable childhood event was about the first day when I learned how to swim. It happened so unexpectedly and quickly that not only I but my parents were surprised. Of course, we were proud as well. I was barely seven years old back then, and my parents thought that it was time for me to learn how to swim. One summer morning, they took me to a swimming pool in the City Swimming Complex which was just a 35-minute drive from our house. It was a weekend and both my parents accompanied me. After we reached the Swimming Complex, we found many people were learning how to swim. My mother said she would watch me learn this important skill with the help of my father. Then she cheered me on and took a seat. I had no idea how to swim but I was excited to try this new adventure. However, when my father got into the swimming pool with me, I became a bit nervous. It seemed that things were not quite as easy for me. Looking around, I noticed that many other children of all ages were also trying to grasp this skill and some of them had pretty much learned the art and science of this skill. Influenced by others, I was determined to focus on my training and swim as well as them. Under the guidance of my father, I learned with all my effort and devotion, and I made rapid progress. After teaching me for 30 minutes or so, my father went to buy some snacks for us and my mother came to talk to me for a while near the pool. She asked me if I had learned anything at all. To prove my progress, I jumped into the water and started swimming. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My mother was frightened by my action at first. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Eating the snacks bought by my father, we were all thrilled and excited. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】My mother was frightened by my action at first. Never did she think I would jump into the water without my father accompanying me. Scared and terrified, she almost let out a cry for help. But what surprised her most was that I was actually swimming without struggle. In no time, her panic gave way to excitement. Meanwhile, she cheered me on, stimulating me to swim with pride. I was swimming confidently when my father came back. Seeing me swimming on my own, he was astonished as well. However, he said nothing, signing me to enjoy snacks. Eating the snacks bought by my father, we were all thrilled and excited. My mother seemed to have forgotten her terror just now. My father was satisfied with my progress, but still wished I hadn’t taken risks. After all, safety matters a lot. Nodding my head, I promised not to take risks any more. A little adventurous as it was, this was the first time that I had realized my achievements could make my parents so happy and proud, which also boosted my confidence. It was this childhood adventure that made me understand nothing is impossible with all your efforts and devotion. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者童年时学会游泳的经历。作者七岁时，父母带他去了一个游泳池，他开始学习游泳。刚开始时作者有些紧张，但在父亲的指导下，他很快取得了进步。在父亲离开的时候，作者展示了自己的游泳技能，让母亲感到惊讶和兴奋。父母对他的进步感到满意，但也希望他不要冒险。这个童年的冒险经历让作者明白了只要努力和奉献，没有什么是不可能的。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“起初，我母亲被我的行为吓坏了”可知，第一段可描写母亲担心作者独自游泳的行为以及作者的游泳表现。 ②由第二段首句内容“吃着爸爸买的零食，我们都很兴奋。”可知，第二段可描写父亲告知作者独自游泳的冒险行为以及作者的感受。 2.续写线索：母亲担心——毫不费力地游了起来——为我加油——吃着父亲买的零食——父亲提到安全意识——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①激励，激发：stimulate/ motivate ②对……满意：was satisfied with /was pleased with ③意识到：realized /was aware of 情绪类 ①害怕的：terrified / frightened ②惊讶的：astonished /amazed 【点睛】[高分句型1] But what surprised her most was that I was actually swimming without struggle.（运用了连接代词what引导的主语从句以及连词that引导的表语从句） [高分句型2] A little adventurous as it was, this was the first time that I had realized my achievements could make my parents so happy and proud, which also boosted my confidence.（运用了关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年福建省闽清县高三下学期命题趋势预测（一） 英语 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Best Art Competitions to Enter in 2024 Watermedia Showcase Watermedia Showcase is back for its 15th year! Showcase your best watercolor art in this exciting competition. All winners and honorable mentions will have their works featured in the magazine. First prize winners will receive an additional $2,500 cash prize and a free Artists Network Membership. Entry fee is $45 ($30 before February 6, 2024). Closing Date: April 11, 2024. Jackson’s Painting Prize Jackson’s Painting Prize was created to reward original art created with oil paints. A $7,500 total cash prize will be equally divided between the first three winning artists. There are also awards for emerging artists and best oil paintings. Winners will be given an opportunity to have their works shown in an exhibition. Entry fee is $35 per entry. Closing Date: March 1, 2024. The Strokes of Genius Contest Open to artists in the United States and Canada, this contest celebrates original drawings made in pencil, charcoal, pen and ink, colored pencil and so on. Top prize is $3,500. Winning entries will be published in a special edition of The Best of Drawing. Entry fee is $45. Closing Date: April 29, 2024. The Sunny Art Prize Contestants can submit works made in a diverse range of media, including drawing, sculpture, printmaking, video art, and photography. Top prize winner receives $6,000 and a silver medal. Open to artists worldwide aged 18 and over. Entry fee is $40 for one artwork. Closing Date: June 30, 2024. 1. What is the final deadline for the submission of watercolor works? A. April 11. B. March 1. C. February 6. D. April 29. 2. What can a winner get in Jackson’s Painting Prize? A. A silver medal. B. A free membership. C. A chance to exhibit his entry. D. A qualification to publish his work. 3. What is special about the Sunny Art Prize? A. It charges the least for each artwork. B. It is most popular with emerging artists. C. It is open to artists based in North America. D. It accepts entries in multiple types of media. B Every 40 seconds, someone in the US has a heart attack. Of course, this statistic applies only to humans. But what about other animal — do they also experience this condition? A heart attack occurs when a blood vessel (血管) distributing oxygenated blood to the heart gets blocked and a piece of heart tissue dies from the deprivation of oxygen, according to Flavio Fenton, a professor of physics who studies both human and other animal species’ hearts. “Since animals’ hearts are very similar,” Fenton said, “most animals hearts, in principle, could have heart attacks.” But that’s not what happened. For instance, heart attacks occur very rarely in dogs. Even the chimps, which are not only closely related to humans but also share similar risk factors for heart disease, do not have heart attacks. Even in mice and rabbits that are genetically modified to have high cholesterol (胆固醇) and blood fats for the purpose of inducing atherosclerosis and other human diseases, actual heart attacks rarely occur, according to a 2009 paper. Despite previous reports that other animals mostly don’t have heart attacks, the truth is that there haven’t been a lot of experiments investigating this question. “You can observe that an animal has suddenly died, but very rarely would you actually look for the cause of it. We just don’t know whether they suffer heart attacks,” said Tomasz Owerkowicz, a physiologist at California State University. But based on heart structures, researchers can make predictions about which creatures are most likely to have heart attacks. Owerkowicz and Fenton are doing such experiments on alligators (短吻鳄). “In their heart, you find the vessels; and they have spongy (海绵状的) tissues, around which there’s a lot of blood, not necessarily coming from the vessels,” Fenton said. According to the researchers’ experiments so far, alligators don’t have heart attacks. The alligator’s heart tissue had no signs of cell death, Fenton added. 4. What does the underlined word “deprivation” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Consumption. B. Encounter. C. Lack. D. Production. 5. What do the animals mentioned in Paragraph 3 have in common? A. They have high cholesterol. B. They hardly suffer heart attacks. C. They are easily genetically modified. D. They share similar risk factors for heart disease with humans. 6. What’s Tomasz Owerkowicz’s attitude to previous reports? A. Indifferent. B. Supportive. C. Doubtful. D. Hopeful. 7. Why do alligators have no heart attacks? A. Their blood vessels are quite strong. B. The cells in their heart are in large numbers. C. Their heart can beat faster than most animals’. D. The blood in their heart has multiple sources. C Climate change has been a long-standing issue. The universe’s most abundant element, hydrogen (氢), has drawn the scientists’ attention and is now on its way to becoming the future of green fuel. More than $150 billion worth of green hydrogen projects were announced globally in 2020. A European multinational aerospace corporation has taken the lead in the new sustainable fuel industry. It has designed self-contained hydrogen fuel cell pods (电池舱) that can be attached to the underside of airplane wings, promoting the use of hydrogen fuel for long-distance flights, which aim to achieve zero emissions. Compared to fossil fuels, hydrogen is a much more eco-friendly fuel. When hydrogen burns, the only by-product is water. However, the traditional way to get hydrogen from natural gas or coal generates considerable carbon emissions. The greenest way is to obtain hydrogen from water using electrolysis (电解) powered by renewable energy, although this process requires so much electricity. The key to making hydrogen competitive with fossil fuels is to lower the production cost. Also, shipping liquid hydrogen is challenging, given that needs to be chilled to -253℃ to do so. Japan’s Kawasaki Heavy Industries is set to complete the construction of the world’s first liquefied hydrogen carrier by early 2021. Most of the world’s big hydrogen export projects are looking to ship hydrogen in the form of liquid ammonia (氨), which can be changed to hydrogen and needs to be chilled to only -33 C. With more and more countries aiming to cut down carbon emissions to solve the issue of global warming, green hydrogen will help decarbonizing (碳减排) industries that can’t be electrified hit the targets. “We could use these circumstances, where loads of public money are going to be needed into the energy system, to jump forward towards a hydrogen economy,” said Diederik Samsom, who heads the European Commission’s climate cabinet. 8. What is the strength of the hydrogen fuel? A. It is convenient to store. B. It works very efficiently. C. It is environmentally friendly. D. It produces no by-product 9. What is the challenge when shipping liquid hydrogen? A. The required temperature. B. The expensive cost of shipping. C. The construction of liquefied carriers. D. Changing it to the form of liquid ammonia. 10. Which industries will benefit from green hydrogen most? A. Those making hydrogen. B. Those generating electricity. C. Those funded by public money. D. Those powered by fossil fuels. 11. What is the most suitable title for the passage? A. Fueling a Green Future B. Living a Green Life C. Shipping Liquid Hydrogen D. Making Hydrogen Competitive D Jackdaws (寒鸦) are the smallest member of the crow family. They often live in a crowd. Indeed, when cold weather comes, they gather in the hundreds (and sometimes thousands) every evening so that they can sleep in the same place. If you’ve ever heard jackdaws during their evening gatherings and morning departures, you’ll know they are not quiet birds. Despite being fairly low-volume during the day, they are really loud on either side of their night-time get-togethers. Why might this be? A team of the Cornish Jackdaw Project set out to determine why jackdaws are so noisy before they depart from their sleeping spot. The team’s theory was that the morning calls might be a jackdaw version of “voting”. The researchers suspected that each individual’s call might count as an “I’m in!”. When a certain amount of “I’m in!”s are called —and so a certain volume of noise is reached -the group might then depart as a unit. To test this idea, the researchers artificially increased the level of calls during the jackdaws’ natural morning calls. Their expectation was that, if jackdaws really are “voting with their voice” to decide when to depart the sleeping site, artificially adding calls would make them leave earlier than they naturally would have done. Subsequent experiments confirmed their expectation. The team therefore showed that jackdaws use their calls as a sort of voting system. You might wonder why this happens. The researchers suggest that individual jackdaws benefit from the voting system because they are less at risk of being killed and they can get more access to social information — such as where to find food. So the loud calls of jackdaws in the morning are therefore not the pure chaos it sounds like. If you are ever being driven mad by the sound in the morning, you can find comfort in the fact that the louder they get, the sooner they will leave you in peace. 12. What aspect of jackdaws confused scientists? A. Their strong team spirit. B. Their preference for noisy habitats. C. Their collective sleeping habit. D. Their unusual calling behavior. 13. What happened to the jackdaws when artificial calls were added? A. They stopped calling together. B. They left their sleeping spot earlier. C. They became noisier and more active. D. They changed their sleeping location. 14. What does the voting system mean to individual jackdaws? A. A signal of seeking food. B. A strategy for better survival. C. A way to attract potential partners. D. A method of displaying social skills. 15. What can be the best title for the text? A. Jackdaws are Noise Makers. B. Jackdaws Have a Complex Voting System. C. Jackdaws ‘Vote’ to Make a Group Decision. D. Jackdaws ‘Vote’ to Choose Their Group Leaders. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Clean a House Cleaning your house seems like a fairly self-explanatory task, but when you sit down to think about it, you might realize that you have a lot of questions. ____16____ We’ll work it down into a process that seems simple enough to tackle. Decide how clean you want your house to be and how much time you have. ____17____ So, be honest with yourself about what you can do, how much time you have, and how motivated you’re feeling. ____18____ You don’t want to vacuum and then get crumbs all over the floor, or dust the bottom of something and knock more dust down when you work your way up onto the previously uncleaned areas. If you don’t have much time, start with the mess first and work your way to more serious things from there. Make a checklist and a plan of attack. Know which rooms you plan to start and finish your cleaning in. This will help speed up the process and ensure you are not repeating your efforts, especially if more than one person is involved in the cleaning. You can follow the steps in the cleaning part in order. ____19____ Attempt to delegate tasks. If you live with other people, cleaning the house should not be exclusively your responsibility! You may have to take on leadership by setting up a rotational (轮流的) cleaning schedule, but it’s far better than having to do this backbreaking work alone. ____20____ For example, grade school children can pick up their bedroom floors, teenagers can clean the garage or bathroom, etc. Once you get started, you won’t want to stop until the whole house is spotless and organized. A. For example, how do you clean a toilet? B. Work from the top down, if at all possible. C. Once you get started, make sure it is equal. D. Make sure the tasks assigned are age-appropriate. E. Should this really be something you do in everyday life? F. This way, you’ll have a checklist already written out for you. G. This will help you decide how to set up your cleaning schedule. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Susan was a high school student, her English teacher, Fred DiMeo, asked her to carry out a task: Recite (背诵) a poem in front of the whole class. “I had a mild stutter (口吃), which tried the ____21____ of my classmates,” Susan said. The thought of ____22____ in front of the class and stuttering through the ____23____ was too much to bear. When the day of the recitation came, Susan, painfully shy and ____24____, recited the poem. Once she was done, DiMeo said something she’d never ____25____ before: that he liked listening to her voice. For the first time, she ____26____ that public speaking didn’t have to be a source of ____27____. “I think in his mind he just wanted me to ____28____ I have nothing to be afraid of,” Susan said. Susan went on to graduate from high school and go to college. She never got to ____29____ thank DiMeo. Sometime after college, she managed to _____30_____ a job as a trainer. The work made her know how big an _____31_____ DiMeo had had on her confidence. “It’s so _____32_____ to stand up in front of people and speak with them. And I do it all the time,” she said. Susan recently found a way to _____33_____ her teacher, and sent him a letter expressing her _____34_____. “ You played a big role in my life,” she wrote. “I don't know where I would’ve gone if I felt like I had to keep my voice _____35_____ because I was afraid of embarrassing (使尴尬) myself. ” 21. A. ability B. patience C. knowledge D. pleasure 22. A. getting up B. falling over C. setting off D. crying out 23. A. notice B. poem C. speech D. room 24. A. brave B. relaxed C. nervous D. sleepy 25. A. repeated B. changed C. heard D. seen 26. A. forgot B. imagined C. wrote D. realized 27. A. time B. fear C. luck D. risk 28. A. explain B. require C. understand D. warn 29. A. hurriedly B. easily C. properly D. secretly 30. A. miss B. save C. share D. find 31. A. influence B. offer C. agreement D. order 32. A. awful B. fair C. early D. nice 33. A. help B. contact C. follow D. protect 34. A. questions B. works C. hobbies D. thanks 35. A. quiet B. busy C. loud D. soft 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，根据上下文在空白处填写适当的词语，或使用括号中所给词语的适当形式填空。 Within the wildly varied types of Peruvian food, there’s one deserving some special attention-Peruvian Chinese food, locally ____36____ (call) chifa. The roots of the chifa tradition lie in the first big wave, of Chinese migration to Peru, which ____37____ (occur) in the mid-nineteenth century. Since then, more Chinese have come to Peru. And this, in turn, creates interesting ____38____ (opportunity) for Chinese citizens considering opening a business in Peru. The Chinese influence in Peru has given rise to ____39____ kind of fusion (融合) cuisine. Also, it’s responsible for contributing some absolutely essential ingredients ____40____ Peruvian cooking. Just as traditional Chinese ingredients took root in wider Peruvian cuisine, certain words of Chinese origin became commonly-used in Peru. Of course, there’s the word chifa, ____41____ describes Chinese-Peruvian fusion food as well as the restaurants that sell it. Chifa is not just a fusion of two cuisines ____42____ a reflection of the unique culinary traditions of the regions where it is prepared. Recipes can easily ____43____ (adjust) to include ingredients only available or popular in a specific region. Another fun fact: the ____44____ (huge) popular late-night TV programme “Wantan Night” was actually named after the wontons used in chifa, _____45_____ (demonstrate) just how deeply rooted Chinese cuisine is in Peru. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周五在学校参加了一场急救知识讲座。请根据以下要点给你的英国朋友Alan写封邮件分享此事。内容包括： 1.讲座内容； 2.收获体会； 3.希望对方分享相关经历。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear Alan, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My childhood is magical and full of adventure. I have so many childhood memories, and I would like to share one that still stimulates me. This unforgettable childhood event was about the first day when I learned how to swim. It happened so unexpectedly and quickly that not only I but my parents were surprised. Of course, we were proud as well. I was barely seven years old back then, and my parents thought that it was time for me to learn how to swim. One summer morning, they took me to a swimming pool in the City Swimming Complex which was just a 35-minute drive from our house. It was a weekend and both my parents accompanied me. After we reached the Swimming Complex, we found many people were learning how to swim. My mother said she would watch me learn this important skill with the help of my father. Then she cheered me on and took a seat. I had no idea how to swim but I was excited to try this new adventure. However, when my father got into the swimming pool with me, I became a bit nervous. It seemed that things were not quite as easy for me. Looking around, I noticed that many other children of all ages were also trying to grasp this skill and some of them had pretty much learned the art and science of this skill. Influenced by others, I was determined to focus on my training and swim as well as them. Under the guidance of my father, I learned with all my effort and devotion, and I made rapid progress. After teaching me for 30 minutes or so, my father went to buy some snacks for us and my mother came to talk to me for a while near the pool. She asked me if I had learned anything at all. To prove my progress, I jumped into the water and started swimming. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My mother was frightened by my action at first. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Eating the snacks bought by my father, we were all thrilled and excited. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $