精品解析：2026年福建龙岩市高三下学期命题趋势预测（一）英语试题

2026年福建省龙岩市高三下学期命题趋势预测（一） 英语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A PRACTITIONERS (从业者) Jacqueline Felice de Almania (c. 1322) highlights the suspicion (质疑) that women practicing medicine faced. Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician (医生) and performed surgery. In 1322 she was tried for practicing unlawfully. In spite of the court hearing testimonials (证明) of her ability as a doctor, she was banned from medicine. Tan Yunxian (1461-1554) was a Chinese physician who learned her skills from her grandparents. Chinese women at the time could not serve apprenticeships (学徒期) with doctors. However, Tan passed the official exam. Tan treated women from all walks of life. In 1511, Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician. James Barry (c. 1789-1865) was born Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but, dressed as a man, she was accepted by Edinburgh University to study medicine. She qualified as a surgeon in 1813, then joined the British Army, serving overseas. Barry retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man. Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831-1895) worked as a nurse for eight years before studying in medical college in Boston in 1860. Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree. She moved to Virginia in 1865, where she provided medical care to freed slaves. 1. What did Jacqueline and James have in common? A. Doing teaching jobs. B. Performing surgery. C. Being hired as physicians. D. Being banned from medicine. 2. How was Tan Yunxian different from the other practitioners? A. She wrote a book. B. She went through trials. C. She worked as a dentist. D. She had formal education. 3. Who was the first African American with a medical degree? A. Tan Yunxian. B. James Barry. C. Jacqueline Felice de Almania. D. Rebecca Lee Crumpler. B Today and every day we are the targets of advertisers, fundraisers and politicians trying to persuade us to buy something, do something or think a certain way. And they’re good at it. Over the years, they’ve learned a lot about which features to build into a communication and which psychological strings to pull at to increase its success. But by concentrating on the message itself, they’ve missed a crucial component of the process. Research done in the last 15 years shows that best persuasion is achieved through pre-suasion — the practice of arranging for people to agree with a message before they even know what’s in it. Pre-suasion works by focusing people’s attention on a selected concept, which in turn stimulates them to overvalue it over related ones. In one study, visitors to an online sofa store were greeted with images of either soft clouds or small coins in the background of its landing page. Those who saw the clouds were more likely to prefer soft, comfortable sofa s for purchase whereas those who saw the money preferred cheaper models. Long before scientists started studying the process of pre-suasion, a few notable communicators already had an intuitive（直觉的）understanding of it. For example, the pre-suasive strategy was employed in the late 1950s by the advertising firm Doyle Dane Bernbach to introduce the oddly shaped Volkswagen Beetle to a US market dominated by big, powerful, boat-like vehicles. The “We’re ugly but...” campaign strategically admitted to limitations in appearance before trumpeting（鼓吹）the auto’s strengths such as economy, reliability and simplicity. Credited with breaking open the US market for small cars, the ad campaign has been rated among the greatest of all time. With considerable success, practitioners of social influence have always featured persuasive elements — great praises, emotional pull, lastchance opportunities—in their appeals. Perhaps because of that success, they’ve mostly missed an accompanying truth. For maximum impact, it’s not only what you do; it’s also what you do just before you do what you do. 4. What aspect of advertising has been commonly overlooked according to the text? A. The use of psychological strings to influence people. B. The effort to convince people without their knowledge. C. The choice of communication channels for more success. D. The improvement of message contents to attract buyers. 5. Which of the following examples best illustrates the concept of pre-suasion? A. An online store trumpeting special offers. B. A banker explaining interest rates to customers. C. A car dealer offering discounts to potential buyers. D. A shop playing Jingle Bells in Christmas season. 6. What can be learned about the Volkswagen Beetle ad campaign in the 1950s? A. It focused on emotional appeals. B. It failed to highlight its strengths. C. It thoroughly changed the US small-sized car market. D. It strategically introduced an unconventional product. 7. What can we infer about practitioners of social influence? A. They have been expert at applying pre-suasion. B. They have maximized their impact with persuasion. C. They have generally ignored the effectiveness of pre-suasion. D. They have combined pre-suasion with persuasion effectively. C A major scientific achievement has been recognized with the 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. This award was given to a team using machine learning to solve a big problem in biology: predicting and designing the 3D shapes of proteins. Most of this work was done at a tech company, marking a notable shift that high-level scientific research can also originate outside traditional academic settings. Proteins are crucial for our bodies and are involved in almost every biological process. The shape of a protein determines its function. If a protein is shaped incorrectly, it can cause serious diseases like Alzheimer’s and diabetes. Historically, predicting a protein’s shape from its amino acid sequence (序列) was very difficult and puzzled scientists for decades. The breakthrough happened with A-Fold, a machine learning program that can accurately predict protein structures from their amino acid sequences. This tool has changed the field, providing insights into the structure of over 200 million proteins so far. This data is expected to speed up progress in medicine and drug development, opening new ways to treat diseases. The tech company’s success with A-Fold also underscores the growing impact of artificial intelligence in various scientific domains, showing that Al can tackle complex biological problems and contribute to critical advancements in health and medicine. The Nobel Prize committee awarded this work to highlight the value of combining different areas in science, where technology and biology meet to create amazing results. This achievement not only shows what AI can do but also sets an example for future scientific projects that combine technology with traditional research to address global problems. 8. Why was the team awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry? A. They discovered a cure for Alzheimer’s and diabetes. B. They analyzed the functions of essential body elements. C. They worked out protein structures with a machine learning program. D. They created a new way to treat diseases through traditional research. 9. Why is the shape of a protein critical to its function? A. It leads to the development of the diseases. B. It offers insights into the structure of protein. C. It speeds up the progress of medicine and drug. D. It affects the protein’s role in biological processes. 10. What does the underlined word “underscore” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Minimize. B. Highlight. C. Question. D. Overlook. 11. What possibility does the author imply about the future of scientific research? A. A new focus on solving biological problems. B. An amazing change in academic research settings. C. An increase in joint efforts between different fields. D. A lessened dependence on machine learning techniques. D Cities, often seen as ecological wastelands, actually have the potential to produce exceptional biologists. While traditional biologists typically come from rural backgrounds, urban residents possess diverse skill sets that make them better ones. Take myself as an example. Growing up in Philadelphia provided me with a unique angle to look at urban ecology. The city’s distinct seasons, plentiful squirrels, row homes, and festivals served as my first ecological classroom. It was there that I witnessed wild cats eating birds and rats, people driving bats from their homes, and snakes being killed by lawn mowers (割草机). This was ecology in action, as real as any observation in fields and forests. The unique environment of urban areas encourages wildlife there to develop distinct feature s and behaviors that set them apart from their rural counterparts: they may be larger in size, be active at different times of the day, move differently, and even display different personalities. Some biologists argue they are even “smarter” because they balance more risks, such as exposure to roads, poisonous chemicals and diseases from domestic animals — with rewards, of course, like inhabitable parks and human-provided food. As human residents of cities, we too adapt to the risks and challenges of urban living. This adaptation sharpens our intuition (直觉) — we learn which streets to avoid and lock our doors for safety. Our ability to assess threats and our awareness regarding safety influence our behaviors and choices, much as they do for urban wildlife. Shared experiences such as these enable us to better understand and appreciate urban wildlife. Most of the world’s population now accesses green and blue spaces, as well as wildlife, within urban neighborhoods. Nature is no longer only untouched wilderness; it includes sounds of human laughter, trash trucks and fire alarms. We urban residents are resourceful and imaginative. We need more capacity, more participation, more energy and more innovation in science to create solutions to fight environmental degradation and reduce biodiversity loss. Identifying this talent across cities presents a practical approach. 12. What did growing up in Philadelphia teach the author? A. Philadelphia is uniquely rich in wildlife. B. Studying biology at school helps greatly. C. Urban wild creatures need protection too. D. Cities are far from ecological wastelands. 13. What does the underlined word “counterparts” in paragraph 3 most likely mean? A. Similar species. B. Potential enemies. C. Natural resources. D. Qualified biologists. 14. What experiences help urban residents understand wildlife better? A. Eco-friendly habits. B. Risk-aware behaviors. C. Ill-informed choices. D. Fast-paced urban life. 15. What is the best title for this passage? A. Cities Build Better Biologists B. What Makes Smarter Residents? C. Urban Areas Encourage Wildlife D. Who Saves Ecological Wastelands? 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Learning how to care for a sad person will help you be there for your loved ones and friends when they are down. However, knowing how to care for a sad person is not something an individual is born with. ____16____ Here are a few tips that will eventually help you lift the spirit of a sad person. Give a hug. Hugging someone shows your affection and care. ____17____ This can make them feel relaxed and open to you. This can also help them recognize that you are there to help them go through this moment. With no kind and loving words, your actions have already said a lot. ____18____ Now, go on and say some kind words. Words like “I’m here”, “we are in this together”, “you’ll get over this”, “lean on me” and so on, can help a sad person feel better and know that you’re there to take him/her through the sad moment. Use the right tone of voice. ____19____ They go along with tone to convey a meaning to the listener. To convey your words with faith that would create a positive effect on the sad person, you would need to say it with the right tone of voice. Listen patiently. People ask lots of questions but they end up paying little attention to getting the feedback (反馈) that they wanted. Don’t be that person. After asking the questions, listen patiently to know what the sad person would appreciate at that time. ____20____ A. Say kind loving words. B. Make use of polite expressions. C. Then choose to appreciate others too. D. Remember that words do not stand alone. E. It will help you know how to offer the best fitting help. F. This knowledge is gained through research and practice. G. When you do this to someone, they can feel your warmth. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Amanda Richter had no plans of getting a dog. One day she came across a photo of a rescue with a crooked (扭曲的) face. The moment Richter ____21____ Brodie the dog through a Facebook post by a shelter in Alberta in September 2019, she immediately decided to ____22____ it. Workers at the shelter told Richter the dog’s facial problems were ____23____ by his mother, who bit him on his head when he was 2 weeks old. He is otherwise healthy, ____24____ the accident caused him to be blind in one eye with a crooked jaw. “I was just so head over heels in love with him that I was ready to take on anything that came with him being like that,” she said. “Dogs that aren’t ____25____ also need homes.” Many people wrote comments asking the adopter to share ____26____, so Richter decided to make an Instagram account for Brodie. It ____27____ in no time. Brodie got popular very quickly, which was quite ____28____, actually. Brodie had more than 1.6 million ____29____ on Instagram and TikTok combined, and in his bio, Richter described him as “just a lively _____30_____ blind rescue pup who looks a bit like a Picasso masterpiece, where things are often a little bit _____31_____ but still beautiful.” Strangers on social media _____32_____. Brodie got thousands of comments on his posts admiring his _____33_____ appearance. A recent video of Brodie eating cheese string got thousands of comments. Richter said she hopes her posts might even help to _____34_____ some minds. “I hope that Brodie brightens their day, and that they have a little more _____35_____ and kindness towards animals and people with differences,” she said. “It’s okay to be different. It’s okay to be imperfectly perfect.” 21. A. discovered B. advertised C. clicked D. targeted 22. A. preserve B. adopt C. treat D. investigate 23. A. addressed B. raised C. worsened D. caused 24. A. because B. and C. but D. so 25. A. creative B. popular C. perfect D. graceful 26. A. stories B. updates C. reports D. experiences 27. A. died down B. picked up C. came out D. took off 28. A. surprising B. confusing C. interesting D. alarming 29. A. streamers B. bloggers C. strangers D. followers 30. A. nearly B. completely C. partially D. hardly 31. A. out of place B. out of reach C. out of control D. out of date 32. A. worried B. agreed C. protested D. reacted 33. A. scary B. ordinary C. unique D. striking 34. A. read B. ease C. narrow D. change 35. A. patience B. understanding C. confidence D. praise 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the ancient times, the drum was believed to be linked to high authorities, ____36____ was not as a musical instrument until the Zhou Dynasty. At that time, the drum enjoyed a leading position in performances and was played prior ____37____ other musical instruments, such as the qin and se. During the course of history, the firm sound of the drum has accompanied the human race from early life to modern civilization. The drum, a musical instrument ____38____(prefer) by many people, mainly evolved from ceramic (陶瓷的) jars and basins used by ancient cultures. Archaeological evidence has proved that the making of the ceramic drum ____39____(date) back to the Neolithic Age 7,000 years ago. In ancient China, the drum was not only used in ____40____(sacrifice) ceremonies and dancing, but also used for fighting enemy tribes and hunting wild animals, and was even used to communicate messages, ____41____(remind) people of danger. With social development, the drum ____42____(apply) in ethnic bands, Chinese folk art forms, singing and dancing, boat race and lion dancing and festive ____43____(gather). It can be seen that the drum is not only ____44____ essential musical instrument, but also a life tool ____45____(close) related to people’s lives. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，外教Mr. Brown正在向全校同学征集意见，他授课后是否需要提供详细课堂笔记。请用英文给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.你的观点； 2.你的理由。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr. Brown, I’m Li Hua from Class 1, Senior 2. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The district championship game between Academy and Apache was physical and intense at the Academy of Classical Christian Studies in Oklahoma City. Apache was the visiting team from another city. The Academy players were falling behind and struggling, and the coach of the team, King, knew they’d have to try their best if they wanted to win. Scoring was back and forth until the fourth quarter, when Apache took the lead by 14 points with four minutes left on the clock. King called one last timeout (暂停). “If we want to win this game, this is the time to do it,” he told his players. The captain Sam nodded and promised to go all out. Academy came out of the timeout with new energy, playing as if they had nothing to lose, scoring shot after shot to pull within a few points of Apache. Then, with two minutes left to go, the referee blew the whistle, stopping play because there was a disagreement between scoreboard and scorebook. The scoreboard showed Academy was losing by 4 points; the scorebook showed that Academy was losing by 2. League rules state that the scorebook is the ultimate result not the scoreboard. The scoreboard was then updated to 43-41 with Apache leading. The game went on. Academy freshman Lily Payne hit a 3-point buzzer-beater to top Apache by a point for the school’s first-ever district championship. The Academy won! The home crowd rushed to the court as players celebrated with each other. But King walked to the locker room with a sinking feeling. “I need to know if we won that game or not, just for my peace of mind,” he said. That night, King sat down at his kitchen table with the game tape. He watched the entire thing through, counting every point on a notepad. His gut (本能), it turned out, was right. Academy had actually lost the game by a point. He watched a second time to be sure. 注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在以下位置作答。 King decided to call players back and told them the bitter truth. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With his team’s support, King decided to deliver the trophy to the Apache players. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年福建省龙岩市高三下学期命题趋势预测（一） 英语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A PRACTITIONERS (从业者) Jacqueline Felice de Almania (c. 1322) highlights the suspicion (质疑) that women practicing medicine faced. Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician (医生) and performed surgery. In 1322 she was tried for practicing unlawfully. In spite of the court hearing testimonials (证明) of her ability as a doctor, she was banned from medicine. Tan Yunxian (1461-1554) was a Chinese physician who learned her skills from her grandparents. Chinese women at the time could not serve apprenticeships (学徒期) with doctors. However, Tan passed the official exam. Tan treated women from all walks of life. In 1511, Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician. James Barry (c. 1789-1865) was born Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but, dressed as a man, she was accepted by Edinburgh University to study medicine. She qualified as a surgeon in 1813, then joined the British Army, serving overseas. Barry retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man. Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831-1895) worked as a nurse for eight years before studying in medical college in Boston in 1860. Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree. She moved to Virginia in 1865, where she provided medical care to freed slaves. 1. What did Jacqueline and James have in common? A. Doing teaching jobs. B. Performing surgery. C. Being hired as physicians. D. Being banned from medicine. 2. How was Tan Yunxian different from the other practitioners? A. She wrote a book. B. She went through trials. C. She worked as a dentist. D. She had formal education. 3. Who was the first African American with a medical degree? A. Tan Yunxian. B. James Barry. C. Jacqueline Felice de Almania. D. Rebecca Lee Crumpler. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲述了四位不同国家、不同时期的女医学从业者的故事，包括她们的经历、成就以及面临的挑战等。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“she worked as a physician (医生) and performed surgery.(她是一名医生，并做外科手术)”以及第三段“She qualified as a surgeon in 1813(她在 1813 年成为一名外科医生)”可知，Jacqueline 和 James 的共同之处是都做外科手术。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“In 1511, Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician.(1511 年，Tan写了一本书《女医杂言》，描述了她作为一名医生的生活)”可知，Tan与其他从业者不同的是她写了一本书。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段 “Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree.(她是第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国女性)”可知，第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国人是 Rebecca Lee Crumpler。故选D。 B Today and every day we are the targets of advertisers, fundraisers and politicians trying to persuade us to buy something, do something or think a certain way. And they’re good at it. Over the years, they’ve learned a lot about which features to build into a communication and which psychological strings to pull at to increase its success. But by concentrating on the message itself, they’ve missed a crucial component of the process. Research done in the last 15 years shows that best persuasion is achieved through pre-suasion — the practice of arranging for people to agree with a message before they even know what’s in it. Pre-suasion works by focusing people’s attention on a selected concept, which in turn stimulates them to overvalue it over related ones. In one study, visitors to an online sofa store were greeted with images of either soft clouds or small coins in the background of its landing page. Those who saw the clouds were more likely to prefer soft, comfortable sofa s for purchase whereas those who saw the money preferred cheaper models. Long before scientists started studying the process of pre-suasion, a few notable communicators already had an intuitive（直觉的）understanding of it. For example, the pre-suasive strategy was employed in the late 1950s by the advertising firm Doyle Dane Bernbach to introduce the oddly shaped Volkswagen Beetle to a US market dominated by big, powerful, boat-like vehicles. The “We’re ugly but...” campaign strategically admitted to limitations in appearance before trumpeting（鼓吹）the auto’s strengths such as economy, reliability and simplicity. Credited with breaking open the US market for small cars, the ad campaign has been rated among the greatest of all time. With considerable success, practitioners of social influence have always featured persuasive elements — great praises, emotional pull, lastchance opportunities—in their appeals. Perhaps because of that success, they’ve mostly missed an accompanying truth. For maximum impact, it’s not only what you do; it’s also what you do just before you do what you do. 4. What aspect of advertising has been commonly overlooked according to the text? A. The use of psychological strings to influence people. B. The effort to convince people without their knowledge. C. The choice of communication channels for more success. D. The improvement of message contents to attract buyers. 5. Which of the following examples best illustrates the concept of pre-suasion? A. An online store trumpeting special offers. B. A banker explaining interest rates to customers. C. A car dealer offering discounts to potential buyers. D. A shop playing Jingle Bells in Christmas season. 6. What can be learned about the Volkswagen Beetle ad campaign in the 1950s? A. It focused on emotional appeals. B. It failed to highlight its strengths. C. It thoroughly changed the US small-sized car market. D. It strategically introduced an unconventional product. 7. What can we infer about practitioners of social influence? A. They have been expert at applying pre-suasion. B. They have maximized their impact with persuasion. C. They have generally ignored the effectiveness of pre-suasion. D. They have combined pre-suasion with persuasion effectively. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“预说服”（pre-suasion）这一概念。多年来广告商等在说服他人时往往注重信息本身，而忽略了预说服这一关键要素。预说服是指在人们知晓信息内容之前就使其倾向于认同该信息，文中还通过具体例子说明了预说服的作用及效果。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“But by concentrating on the message itself, they’ve missed a crucial component of the process.( 但是，由于过于关注信息本身，他们错过了这个过程的一个关键组成部分。)”以及第三段中“Research done in the last 15 years shows that best persuasion is achieved through pre-suasion — the practice of arranging for people to agree with a message before they even know what’s in it.( 过去15年的研究表明，最好的说服是通过预说服实现的，即在人们还不知道信息内容之前就安排他们同意信息的做法。)”可知，广告商等通常关注信息本身，而忽略了让人们在不知情的情况下就倾向于认同信息这一关键要素，也就是预说服。故选B项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Pre-suasion works by focusing people’s attention on a selected concept, which in turn stimulates them to overvalue it over related ones.( 预说服的工作原理是把人们的注意力集中在一个选定的概念上，这反过来又刺激他们高估这个概念，而不是相关的概念。)”可知，预说服是通过将人们的注意力集中在一个选定的概念上，从而使他们高估这个概念。D 选项“A shop playing Jingle Bells in Christmas season.”（一家商店在圣诞节期间播放《铃儿响叮当》），在圣诞节期间播放特定的音乐，能让顾客将注意力集中在圣诞节这个概念上，进而可能影响他们的消费行为，比如更倾向于购买节日相关商品，符合预说服的概念。故选D项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“For example, the pre-suasive strategy was employed in the late 1950s by the advertising firm Doyle Dane Bernbach to introduce the oddly shaped Volkswagen Beetle to a US market dominated by big, powerful, boat-like vehicles. The “We’re ugly but...” campaign strategically admitted to limitations in appearance before trumpeting（鼓吹）the auto’s strengths such as economy, reliability and simplicity.( 例如，上世纪50年代末，广告公司道尔•丹恩•伯恩巴赫（Doyle Dane Bernbach）采用了预先说服策略，将外形奇特的大众甲壳虫（Volkswagen Beetle）引入了美国市场，当时美国市场由大型、强劲、像船一样的汽车主导。“我们很丑，但是……”的宣传活动，在宣传这款车的优势，如经济、可靠和简单之前，有策略地承认了外观上的局限性。)”可知，在 20 世纪 50 年代，大众甲壳虫汽车的广告活动采用了预说服策略，在宣传汽车的优势（如经济性、可靠性和简洁性）之前，先承认了其外观上的不足，这种策略是为了向以大型、强大、船型车辆为主的美国市场引入这款造型奇特的汽车，也就是有策略地引入了一款非传统的产品。故选D项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“With considerable success, practitioners of social influence have always featured persuasive elements — great praises, emotional pull, lastchance opportunities—in their appeals. Perhaps because of that success, they’ve mostly missed an accompanying truth. For maximum impact, it’s not only what you do; it’s also what you do just before you do what you do.( 在相当大的成功中，社会影响力的实践者总是在他们的呼吁中加入有说服力的元素——伟大的赞美、情感的牵引、最后的机会。也许正是因为这种成功，他们大多忽略了一个伴随而来的真相。为了产生最大的影响，不仅仅是你做了什么；这也是你在做你要做的事情之前要做的事情。)”可知，有影响力的社会从业者在他们的诉求中总是包含有说服力的元素（如高度赞扬、情感吸引、最后机会等），但由于他们在这方面的成功，他们大多忽略了预说服这一重要因素。故选C项。 C A major scientific achievement has been recognized with the 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. This award was given to a team using machine learning to solve a big problem in biology: predicting and designing the 3D shapes of proteins. Most of this work was done at a tech company, marking a notable shift that high-level scientific research can also originate outside traditional academic settings. Proteins are crucial for our bodies and are involved in almost every biological process. The shape of a protein determines its function. If a protein is shaped incorrectly, it can cause serious diseases like Alzheimer’s and diabetes. Historically, predicting a protein’s shape from its amino acid sequence (序列) was very difficult and puzzled scientists for decades. The breakthrough happened with A-Fold, a machine learning program that can accurately predict protein structures from their amino acid sequences. This tool has changed the field, providing insights into the structure of over 200 million proteins so far. This data is expected to speed up progress in medicine and drug development, opening new ways to treat diseases. The tech company’s success with A-Fold also underscores the growing impact of artificial intelligence in various scientific domains, showing that Al can tackle complex biological problems and contribute to critical advancements in health and medicine. The Nobel Prize committee awarded this work to highlight the value of combining different areas in science, where technology and biology meet to create amazing results. This achievement not only shows what AI can do but also sets an example for future scientific projects that combine technology with traditional research to address global problems. 8. Why was the team awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry? A. They discovered a cure for Alzheimer’s and diabetes. B. They analyzed the functions of essential body elements. C. They worked out protein structures with a machine learning program. D. They created a new way to treat diseases through traditional research. 9. Why is the shape of a protein critical to its function? A. It leads to the development of the diseases. B. It offers insights into the structure of protein. C. It speeds up the progress of medicine and drug. D. It affects the protein’s role in biological processes. 10. What does the underlined word “underscore” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Minimize. B. Highlight. C. Question. D. Overlook. 11. What possibility does the author imply about the future of scientific research? A. A new focus on solving biological problems. B. An amazing change in academic research settings. C. An increase in joint efforts between different fields. D. A lessened dependence on machine learning techniques. 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了AI预测和设计蛋白质结构获诺贝尔化学奖。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“This award was given to a team using machine learning to solve a big problem in biology: predicting and designing the 3D shapes of proteins. (这个奖项被授予了一个使用机器学习解决生物学中一个大问题的团队：预测和设计蛋白质的3D形状。)”可知，该团队使用机器学习程序解决了蛋白质结构的问题。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Proteins are crucial for our bodies and are involved in almost every biological process. The shape of a protein determines its function. (蛋白质对我们的身体至关重要，几乎参与每一个生物过程。蛋白质的形状决定了它的功能。)”可知，蛋白质的形状影响其在生物过程中的作用。故选D。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“The tech company’s success with A-Fol (这家科技公司在A-Fol上的成功)”及“the growing impact of artificial intelligence in various scientific domains, showing that AI can tackle complex biological problems and contribute to critical advancements in health and medicine. (人工智能在各种科学领域日益增长的影响力，表明人工智能可以解决复杂的生物学问题，并为健康和医学领域的关键进步做出贡献。)”可知，A-Fold的成功凸显了人工智能在各个领域的影响力，因此“underscore”与选项B意思相近,意为“强调，突出”。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The Nobel Prize committee awarded this work to highlight the value of combining different areas in science, where technology and biology meet to create amazing results. This achievement not only shows what AI can do but also sets an example for future scientific projects that combine technology with traditional research to address global problems. (诺贝尔奖委员会颁发这项工作是为了突出结合不同科学领域的重要性，其中技术和生物学相遇并创造出惊人的成果。这一成就不仅展示了人工智能可以做什么，也为未来结合技术与传统研究的科学项目树立了榜样，以解决全球问题。)”可知，作者暗示了未来科学研究的一个可能性是不同领域之间的合作将增加，特别是在技术和生物学交汇的领域。故选C。 D Cities, often seen as ecological wastelands, actually have the potential to produce exceptional biologists. While traditional biologists typically come from rural backgrounds, urban residents possess diverse skill sets that make them better ones. Take myself as an example. Growing up in Philadelphia provided me with a unique angle to look at urban ecology. The city’s distinct seasons, plentiful squirrels, row homes, and festivals served as my first ecological classroom. It was there that I witnessed wild cats eating birds and rats, people driving bats from their homes, and snakes being killed by lawn mowers (割草机). This was ecology in action, as real as any observation in fields and forests. The unique environment of urban areas encourages wildlife there to develop distinct feature s and behaviors that set them apart from their rural counterparts: they may be larger in size, be active at different times of the day, move differently, and even display different personalities. Some biologists argue they are even “smarter” because they balance more risks, such as exposure to roads, poisonous chemicals and diseases from domestic animals — with rewards, of course, like inhabitable parks and human-provided food. As human residents of cities, we too adapt to the risks and challenges of urban living. This adaptation sharpens our intuition (直觉) — we learn which streets to avoid and lock our doors for safety. Our ability to assess threats and our awareness regarding safety influence our behaviors and choices, much as they do for urban wildlife. Shared experiences such as these enable us to better understand and appreciate urban wildlife. Most of the world’s population now accesses green and blue spaces, as well as wildlife, within urban neighborhoods. Nature is no longer only untouched wilderness; it includes sounds of human laughter, trash trucks and fire alarms. We urban residents are resourceful and imaginative. We need more capacity, more participation, more energy and more innovation in science to create solutions to fight environmental degradation and reduce biodiversity loss. Identifying this talent across cities presents a practical approach. 12. What did growing up in Philadelphia teach the author? A. Philadelphia is uniquely rich in wildlife. B. Studying biology at school helps greatly. C. Urban wild creatures need protection too. D. Cities are far from ecological wastelands. 13. What does the underlined word “counterparts” in paragraph 3 most likely mean? A. Similar species. B. Potential enemies. C. Natural resources. D. Qualified biologists. 14. What experiences help urban residents understand wildlife better? A. Eco-friendly habits. B. Risk-aware behaviors. C. Ill-informed choices. D. Fast-paced urban life. 15. What is the best title for this passage? A. Cities Build Better Biologists B. What Makes Smarter Residents? C. Urban Areas Encourage Wildlife D. Who Saves Ecological Wastelands? 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一个来自城市的生物学家认为城市的生态系统和野外的生态系统一样值得研究，并且期待未来能有更多来自城市环境的生物学家一起创造生态学的未来。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“While traditional biologists typically come from rural backgrounds, urban residents possess diverse skill sets that make them better ones.(虽然传统的生物学家通常来自农村背景，但城市居民拥有多样化的技能，使他们成为更好的生物学家。)”和第二段“Take myself as an example. Growing up in Philadelphia provided me with a unique angle to look at urban ecology. The city’s distinct seasons, plentiful squirrels, row homes, and festivals served as my first ecological classroom. It was there that I witnessed wild cats eating birds and rats, people driving bats from their homes, and snakes being killed by lawn mowers(割草机). This was ecology in action, as real as any observation in fields and forests.(以我自己为例。在费城长大让我有了一个独特的角度来看待城市生态。这座城市分明的季节、丰富的松鼠、排屋和节日是我的第一个生态课堂。在那里，我亲眼目睹了野猫吃鸟和老鼠，人们把蝙蝠从家里赶出去，蛇被割草机杀死。这就是生态学的作用，就像在田野和森林里观察到的一样真实。)”可知，在费城长大教会作者城市并非生态荒地。故选D。 【13题详解】 词义猜测题。根据前文“The unique environment of urban areas encourages wildlife there to develop distinct feature s and behaviors(城市地区独特的环境促使野生动物发展出独特的特征和行为)”和下文“they may be larger in size, be active at different times of the day, move differently, and even display different personalities(它们可能体型较大，在一天中的不同时间活动，动作不同，甚至表现出不同的个性)”可推断，这让它们与农村的野生动物区分开来，因此推断划线词与A项“相似物种”意思相近，故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Our ability to assess threats and our awareness regarding safety influence our behaviors and choices, much as they do for urban wildlife. Shared experiences such as these enable us to better understand and appreciate urban wildlife.(我们评估威胁的能力和安全意识会影响我们的行为和选择，就像它们对城市野生动物的影响一样。这些共同的经历使我们能够更好地理解和欣赏城市野生动物。)”可知，风险意识行为有助于城市居民更好地了解野生动物。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“While traditional biologists typically come from rural backgrounds, urban residents possess diverse skill sets that make them better ones.( 虽然传统的生物学家通常来自农村背景，但城市居民拥有多样化的技能，使他们成为更好的生物学家。)”和最后一段“We urban residents are resourceful and imaginative. We need more capacity, more participation, more energy and more innovation in science to create solutions to fight environmental degradation and reduce biodiversity loss. Identifying this talent across cities presents a practical approach.(我们城市居民足智多谋，想象力丰富。我们需要更多的能力、更多的参与、更多的精力和更多的科学创新，以创造应对环境退化和减少生物多样性丧失的解决方案。在各个城市寻找这样的人才是一种实用的方法。)”可知，文章首尾呼应，点明主题——城市可以培养出更好的生物学家。故选A项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Learning how to care for a sad person will help you be there for your loved ones and friends when they are down. However, knowing how to care for a sad person is not something an individual is born with. ____16____ Here are a few tips that will eventually help you lift the spirit of a sad person. Give a hug. Hugging someone shows your affection and care. ____17____ This can make them feel relaxed and open to you. This can also help them recognize that you are there to help them go through this moment. With no kind and loving words, your actions have already said a lot. ____18____ Now, go on and say some kind words. Words like “I’m here”, “we are in this together”, “you’ll get over this”, “lean on me” and so on, can help a sad person feel better and know that you’re there to take him/her through the sad moment. Use the right tone of voice. ____19____ They go along with tone to convey a meaning to the listener. To convey your words with faith that would create a positive effect on the sad person, you would need to say it with the right tone of voice. Listen patiently. People ask lots of questions but they end up paying little attention to getting the feedback (反馈) that they wanted. Don’t be that person. After asking the questions, listen patiently to know what the sad person would appreciate at that time. ____20____ A. Say kind loving words. B. Make use of polite expressions. C. Then choose to appreciate others too. D. Remember that words do not stand alone. E. It will help you know how to offer the best fitting help. F. This knowledge is gained through research and practice. G. When you do this to someone, they can feel your warmth. 【答案】16. F 17. G 18. A 19. D 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何照顾一个伤心的人。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Learning how to care for a sad person will help you be there for your loved ones and friends when they are down. However, knowing how to care for a sad person is not something an individual is born with.(学习如何关心一个伤心的人会帮助你在你爱的人和朋友倒下的时候陪在他们身边。然而，知道如何照顾一个伤心的人并不是一个人与生俱来的)”可知，上文提到“知道如何照顾一个伤心的人并不是一个人与生俱来的”，说明需要通过研究和实践获得，F选项This knowledge对应上文knowing how to care for a sad person。故F选项“这些知识是通过研究和实践获得的”符合语境，故选F。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Give a hug. Hugging someone shows your affection and care.(给一个拥抱。拥抱某人表示你的爱和关心)”以及后文“This can make them feel relaxed and open to you.(这会让他们感到放松，对你敞开心扉)”可知，拥抱某人表示你的爱和关心，所以当你对别人这样做时，他们能感受到你的温暖。故G选项“当你对别人这样做时，他们能感受到你的温暖”承接上文，指出拥抱某人的好处，符合语境，故选G。 【18题详解】 根据后文“Now, go on and say some kind words. Words like “I’m here”, “we are in this together”, “you’ll get over this”, “lean on me” and so on, can help a sad person feel better and know that you’re there to take him/her through the sad moment.(现在，继续说几句好话吧。像“我在这里”、“我们在一起”、“你会挺过来的”、“依靠我”之类的话，可以帮助悲伤的人感觉好一点，让他们知道你会陪着他/她度过悲伤的时刻)”可知，本段主要关于对别人说一些暖心的话语，故A选项“说些亲切的爱的话”符合语境，故选A。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Use the right tone of voice.(使用正确的语气)”以及后文“They go along with tone to convey a meaning to the listener.(它们配合语气向听者传达意思)”可知，后文提到言语配合语气向听者传达意思，说明不是孤立的，D选项words对应后文they。故D选项“记住，言语不是孤立的”符合语境，故选D。 【20题详解】 根据上文“After asking the questions, listen patiently to know what the sad person would appreciate at that time.(问完问题后，耐心地听，知道那个悲伤的人当时会感激什么)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明倾听的作用：帮助你知道如何提供最合适的帮助，故E选项“它将帮助你知道如何提供最合适的帮助”符合语境，故选E。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Amanda Richter had no plans of getting a dog. One day she came across a photo of a rescue with a crooked (扭曲的) face. The moment Richter ____21____ Brodie the dog through a Facebook post by a shelter in Alberta in September 2019, she immediately decided to ____22____ it. Workers at the shelter told Richter the dog’s facial problems were ____23____ by his mother, who bit him on his head when he was 2 weeks old. He is otherwise healthy, ____24____ the accident caused him to be blind in one eye with a crooked jaw. “I was just so head over heels in love with him that I was ready to take on anything that came with him being like that,” she said. “Dogs that aren’t ____25____ also need homes.” Many people wrote comments asking the adopter to share ____26____, so Richter decided to make an Instagram account for Brodie. It ____27____ in no time. Brodie got popular very quickly, which was quite ____28____, actually. Brodie had more than 1.6 million ____29____ on Instagram and TikTok combined, and in his bio, Richter described him as “just a lively _____30_____ blind rescue pup who looks a bit like a Picasso masterpiece, where things are often a little bit _____31_____ but still beautiful.” Strangers on social media _____32_____. Brodie got thousands of comments on his posts admiring his _____33_____ appearance. A recent video of Brodie eating cheese string got thousands of comments. Richter said she hopes her posts might even help to _____34_____ some minds. “I hope that Brodie brightens their day, and that they have a little more _____35_____ and kindness towards animals and people with differences,” she said. “It’s okay to be different. It’s okay to be imperfectly perfect.” 21. A. discovered B. advertised C. clicked D. targeted 22. A. preserve B. adopt C. treat D. investigate 23. A. addressed B. raised C. worsened D. caused 24. A. because B. and C. but D. so 25. A. creative B. popular C. perfect D. graceful 26. A. stories B. updates C. reports D. experiences 27. A. died down B. picked up C. came out D. took off 28. A. surprising B. confusing C. interesting D. alarming 29. A. streamers B. bloggers C. strangers D. followers 30. A. nearly B. completely C. partially D. hardly 31. A. out of place B. out of reach C. out of control D. out of date 32. A. worried B. agreed C. protested D. reacted 33. A. scary B. ordinary C. unique D. striking 34. A. read B. ease C. narrow D. change 35. A. patience B. understanding C. confidence D. praise 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Amanda Richter收养了一只面部畸形的救援犬Brodie，这只狗狗因独特外表在社交媒体走红，拥有160多万粉丝，Richter希望帮助人们学会接纳不完美的美。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2019年9月，当Richter通过阿尔伯塔省一家收容所的Facebook帖子发现这只名叫Brodie的狗狗时，她当即决定收养它。A. discovered发现；B. advertised宣传；C. clicked点击；D. targeted针对。根据上文“One day she came across a photo of a rescue with a crooked (扭曲的) face.”可知，Richter偶然看到一只面部畸形的救援犬照片，因此是通过帖子发现了这只名叫Brodie的狗狗。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2019年9月，当Richter通过阿尔伯塔省一家收容所的Facebook帖子发现这只名叫Brodie的狗狗时，她当即决定收养它。A. preserve保护；B. adopt收养；C. treat对待；D. investigate调查。根据下文“Many people wrote comments asking the adopter to share ____6____, so Richter decided to make an Instagram account for Brodie.”可知，Richter是Brodie的领养者，因此她是决定收养它。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：收容所工作人员告诉Richter，狗狗的面部问题是出生两周时被母亲咬伤头部导致的。A. addressed解决；B. raised提起；C. worsened（使）恶化；D. caused导致。根据上文“the dog’s facial problems”下文“his mother, who bit him on his head when he was 2 weeks old”可推知，此处在解释Brodie面部问题的原因，指这是它出生两周时被母亲咬伤头部导致的。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然它其他方面都很健康，但这次意外导致它单眼失明且下颌歪斜。A. because因为；B. and并且；C. but但是；D. so所以。根据上文“He is otherwise healthy”和下文“the accident caused him to be blind in one eye with a crooked jaw”可知，“其他方面都很健康”和“这次意外导致它单眼失明且下颌歪斜”是转折关系，应用but“但是”衔接。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“不完美的狗狗同样需要家。”A. creative有创意的；B. popular流行的；C. perfect完美的；D. graceful优雅的。根据上文“the accident caused him to be blind in one eye with a crooked jaw”可知，Brodie单眼失明且下颌歪斜，是一只不完美的狗狗。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于众多网友留言要求分享最新消息，Richter为Brodie开设了Instagram账号。A. stories故事；B. updates最新消息；C. reports报告；D. experiences经历。根据下文“so Richter decided to make an Instagram account for Brodie”可知，Richter为Brodie开设了Instagram账号，原因应该是众多网友留言要求她分享Brodie的最新消息。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个账号迅速走红。A. died down逐渐消失；B. picked up好转；C. came out出现；D. took off开始走红。根据下文“Brodie got popular very quickly”可知，Brodie很快就爆火了，因此这个账号是迅速走红。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Brodie很快就爆火了，实际上这很令人惊讶。A. surprising令人惊讶的；B. confusing令人困惑的；C. interesting有趣的；D. alarming令人担忧的。根据上文“Brodie got popular very quickly”可推知，面部有一定问题的狗狗Brodie爆火这件事应该会很令人惊讶。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Brodie在Instagram和TikTok平台共拥有超过160万粉丝，Richter在主页介绍中称它是“一只活泼的半盲救援犬，长得有点像毕加索的杰作——虽然那里的东西往往有点错位，却依然美丽”。A. streamers主播；B. bloggers博主；C. strangers陌生人；D. followers追随者。根据上文“so Richter decided to make an Instagram account for Brodie”可知，Richter为Brodie开设了Instagram账号，账号下应该是有很多追随者，即拥有很多粉丝。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Brodie在Instagram和TikTok平台共拥有超过160万粉丝，Richter在主页介绍中称它是“一只活泼的半盲救援犬，长得有点像毕加索的杰作——虽然那里的东西往往有点错位，却依然美丽”。A. nearly几乎；B. completely完全；C. partially部分地；D. hardly几乎不。根据上文“the accident caused him to be blind in one eye with a crooked jaw”可知，Brodie单眼失明，因此是一只部分失明的救援犬。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：Brodie在Instagram和TikTok平台共拥有超过160万粉丝，Richter在主页介绍中称它是“一只活泼的半盲救援犬，长得有点像毕加索的杰作——虽然那里的东西往往有点错位，却依然美丽”。A. out of place不在通常的位置；B. out of reach无法触及；C. out of control失控；D. out of date过时。根据上文“a Picasso masterpiece”及艺术常识可知，毕加索的杰作中东西往往有点错位，并不是按照事物本身被看到的样子呈现的。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：社交媒体上的陌生网友们纷纷赞同。A. worried担心；B. agreed赞同；C. protested抗议；D. reacted反应。根据下文“Brodie got thousands of comments on his posts admiring his ____13____ appearance.”可知，Brodie的动态得到了很多赞美的评论，因此网友们是赞同Richter所作的介绍。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Brodie每条动态下都有数千条赞美其独特外表的留言。A. scary可怕的；B. ordinary普通的；C. unique独特的；D. striking引人注目的。根据上文“One day she came across a photo of a rescue with a crooked (扭曲的) face.”可知，Brodie面部畸形，再结合上文“admiring”可推知，大家认为Brodie的外表很独特，对其有很多赞美。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Richter表示，希望这些分享能改变人们的观念。A. read阅读；B. ease缓解；C. narrow缩小；D. change改变。根据下文“It’s okay to be different. It’s okay to be imperfectly perfect.”可知，Richter认为与众不同没关系，不完美的完美也很美好，她是想通过分享与众不同的Brodie来改变大家的观念。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望Brodie能为他们带来快乐，让大家对特殊的小动物和人群多一分理解与善意。A. patience耐心；B. understanding理解；C. confidence信心；D. praise赞扬。根据下文“It’s okay to be different. It’s okay to be imperfectly perfect.”可知，Richter认为与众不同没关系，不完美的完美也很美好，她是希望大家对特殊的小动物和人群多一分理解与善意。故选B。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the ancient times, the drum was believed to be linked to high authorities, ____36____ was not as a musical instrument until the Zhou Dynasty. At that time, the drum enjoyed a leading position in performances and was played prior ____37____ other musical instruments, such as the qin and se. During the course of history, the firm sound of the drum has accompanied the human race from early life to modern civilization. The drum, a musical instrument ____38____(prefer) by many people, mainly evolved from ceramic (陶瓷的) jars and basins used by ancient cultures. Archaeological evidence has proved that the making of the ceramic drum ____39____(date) back to the Neolithic Age 7,000 years ago. In ancient China, the drum was not only used in ____40____(sacrifice) ceremonies and dancing, but also used for fighting enemy tribes and hunting wild animals, and was even used to communicate messages, ____41____(remind) people of danger. With social development, the drum ____42____(apply) in ethnic bands, Chinese folk art forms, singing and dancing, boat race and lion dancing and festive ____43____(gather). It can be seen that the drum is not only ____44____ essential musical instrument, but also a life tool ____45____(close) related to people’s lives. 【答案】36. which 37. to 38. preferred 39. dates 40. sacrificial 41. reminding 42. has been applied 43. gatherings 44. an 45. closely 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了鼓的发展史和作用。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在古代，鼓被认为与高层权威有关，直到周朝才被作为乐器使用。此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the drum，且在从句中作主语。故填which。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：在那个时候，鼓在表演中占据主导地位，比琴和瑟等其他乐器更早被演奏。prior to 是固定短语，意为“在……之前”。故填to。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：鼓是许多人喜欢的乐器，主要是从古代文化中使用的陶瓷罐和盆演变而来的。本句已有谓语动词evolved，此处应用非谓语动词；动词prefer和主语instrument是动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填preferred。 【39题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：考古证据证明，陶瓷鼓的制作可以追溯到7000年前的新石器时代。date back to 是固定搭配，意为“追溯到……”，句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时；主语the drum是单数，动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在中国古代，鼓不仅用于祭祀和舞蹈，还用于对抗敌对部落和狩猎野生动物，甚至用来传达信息，提醒人们危险。此处修饰名词ceremonies，应用形容词作定语。故填sacrificial。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。本句已有谓语动词，此处应用非谓语动词；动词remind 和逻辑主语messages是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填reminding。 【42题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：随着社会的发展，鼓已被应用于民族乐队、中国民间艺术形式、歌舞、赛艇、舞狮和节日聚会中。根据With social development可知，应用现在完成时；动词apply和主语the drum是动宾关系，应用被动语态；the drum是单数，助动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been applied。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。festive是形容词，修饰名词。gathering是可数名词，应用名词复数。故填gatherings。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：可见，鼓不仅是必不可少的乐器，而且是与人们生活密切相关的生活工具。此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词；essential以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填 an。 【45题详解】 考查副词。句意：同上。此处修饰过去分词短语related to，应用副词形式。故填closely。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，外教Mr. Brown正在向全校同学征集意见，他授课后是否需要提供详细课堂笔记。请用英文给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.你的观点； 2.你的理由。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr. Brown, I’m Li Hua from Class 1, Senior 2. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Mr. Brown, I’m Li Hua from Class 1, Senior 2. I’m writing to share my thoughts regarding whether you should provide detailed class notes after lectures. Honestly, I believe it would be greatly beneficial to us students if you could do so. One key reason is that if we have access to detailed class notes, we will be able to better process what is being delivered. That way, we are likely to engage more actively in class interactions. Better yet, your detailed notes ensure the accuracy of the information received, which will surely ease our concerns about missing important points. I’m really looking forward to seeing our class thrive with your helpful resources. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求以李华的身份给外教Mr. Brown写邮件，就授课后是否需要提供详细课堂笔记表达观点并说明理由。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 有益的：beneficial → rewarding 保证： ensure→ guarantee 减轻：ease→ alleviate 参与：engage in→ get involved in 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：That way, we are likely to engage more actively in class interactions. 拓展句：If we have detailed class notes, we are likely to engage more actively in class interactions. 【点睛】【高分句型1】One key reason is that if we have access to detailed class notes, we will be able to better process what is being delivered.（运用了that引导表语从句、if 引导条件状语从句、what引导宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Better yet, your detailed notes ensure the accuracy of the information received, which will surely ease our concerns about missing important points.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The district championship game between Academy and Apache was physical and intense at the Academy of Classical Christian Studies in Oklahoma City. Apache was the visiting team from another city. The Academy players were falling behind and struggling, and the coach of the team, King, knew they’d have to try their best if they wanted to win. Scoring was back and forth until the fourth quarter, when Apache took the lead by 14 points with four minutes left on the clock. King called one last timeout (暂停). “If we want to win this game, this is the time to do it,” he told his players. The captain Sam nodded and promised to go all out. Academy came out of the timeout with new energy, playing as if they had nothing to lose, scoring shot after shot to pull within a few points of Apache. Then, with two minutes left to go, the referee blew the whistle, stopping play because there was a disagreement between scoreboard and scorebook. The scoreboard showed Academy was losing by 4 points; the scorebook showed that Academy was losing by 2. League rules state that the scorebook is the ultimate result not the scoreboard. The scoreboard was then updated to 43-41 with Apache leading. The game went on. Academy freshman Lily Payne hit a 3-point buzzer-beater to top Apache by a point for the school’s first-ever district championship. The Academy won! The home crowd rushed to the court as players celebrated with each other. But King walked to the locker room with a sinking feeling. “I need to know if we won that game or not, just for my peace of mind,” he said. That night, King sat down at his kitchen table with the game tape. He watched the entire thing through, counting every point on a notepad. His gut (本能), it turned out, was right. Academy had actually lost the game by a point. He watched a second time to be sure. 注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在以下位置作答。 King decided to call players back and told them the bitter truth. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With his team’s support, King decided to deliver the trophy to the Apache players. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 King decided to call players back and told them the bitter truth. The truth was that the real score was 43-42 and the championship rightfully belonged to Apache. On hearing the bad news, everyone was shocked. King patiently told them the detail of the mistake. An Academy shot went up and rolled around the rim. The crowd went wild, sure that it was bound to drop into the basket, but then it didn’t. So the score was miscounted. Players fell into silence. Captain Sam nodded, admitting that the Apache team had worked just as hard and deserved the win. Lily added firmly that the trophy must go to its true owner. With his team’s support, King decided to deliver the trophy to the Apache players. Before setting off for the destination, King thought highly of players’ decision for the fair play spirit, adding that he was so proud of them for their performance and devotion. Returning the trophy couldn’t take away their glory. After 90 minutes’ drive, King and Captain Sam returned the trophy to the coach and players of Apache. The Apache team was deeply moved, never expecting such honesty. At that moment, everyone truly understood that honesty is the best policy. 【解析】 【导语】 本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了在地区锦标赛中，Academy队与Apache队比赛激烈，最终Academy队看似夺冠，但教练King发现实际比分是Academy队以一分之差输掉比赛，他决定告诉队员真相并归还奖杯的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“King决定召回队员，告诉他们这个残酷的事实”可知，第一段可描写King告诉队员实际比分，队员们从震惊到接受，承认Apache队应得胜利，Lily也坚持奖杯应归真正所有者。 ②由第二段首句内容“在队员们的支持下，King决定将奖杯交给Apache队的队员们”可知，，第二段可描写King对球员们的肯定、前往Apache队送还奖杯的过程，以及Apache队的反应，凸显诚信的意义。 2.续写线索：召回队员——告知真相——队员反应——决定归还奖杯——出发前赞扬——归还奖杯——Apache队感动——理解诚实的重要性 3.词汇积累 行为类 ①告诉真相：tell the truth/disclose the fact/reveal the reality ②出发前往：set off for/leave for ③高度赞扬：think highly of/praise highly/speak highly of 情绪类 ①惊讶的：shocked/amazed/astonished ②耐心地：patiently/with patience/in a patient manner 【点睛】【高分句型1】The truth was that the real score was 43-42 and the championship rightfully belonged to Apache.（运用了that引导的表语从句） 【高分句型2】At that moment, everyone truly understood that honesty is the best policy.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $