摘要:
该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了仁爱版九年级上册Unit3“环境保护”单元内容,涵盖词汇分类(五大污染名词、3R核心词等)、核心语法(现在完成时for&since用法)、功能句型、阅读专项(治沙英雄石光银阅读等)、写作专项(环保主题作文模板)及听力口语要点,构建了从基础词汇到语法应用再到综合语言技能的递进式学习支架。
清单通过分类整合(如词汇按污染、3R等主题归类)、考点标注(用“✅”突出单选、写作等高频考点)及知识关联(re-前缀构词法与3R词结合)呈现完整知识体系,培养学生语言能力与思维品质。设计“阅读归纳三步法”“写作因果式模板”等实用工具,如写作模板含原因-后果-倡议结构,助力不同学生高效掌握,教师可直接用于课堂教学与复习规划,提升教学实效。
内容正文:
仁爱版九年级上册Unit3 全单元知识点汇总(16页完整梳理)
一、单元核心主题
Environmental protection(环境保护)
三大核心:各类污染辨析、3R环保原则(reduce/reuse/recycle)、现在完成时(Ⅱ:for & since用法);拓展治沙英雄石光银阅读、环保写作。
第一板块:词汇分类(必背)
1. 五大污染名词
1. soil pollution 土壤污染
2. air pollution 空气污染
3. water pollution 水污染
4. noise pollution 噪音污染
5. light pollution 光污染
2. 3R核心词
- reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/ v. 减少,降低
- reuse /ˌriːˈjuːz/ v. 再使用,重复利用
- recycle /ˌriːˈsaɪkl/ v. 回收利用
3. 环境&治沙高频词
desert n. 沙漠;sandstorm n. 沙尘暴;survive v. 存活,生存
control v. 管控;spread v. 扩散;expert n. 专家
block n. 防护屏障;July 1 Medal 七一勋章
4. 构词法:前缀 re-(再次、重新)
re+动词 = 再次做某事
revisit 重游;rebuild 重建;rewrite 重写;retake 重新获取;renew 更新;recreate 再造;rethink 重新思考
5. 其他重点短语
waste sorting 垃圾分类;green traveling 绿色出行;energy saving 节能
pour waste water 排放废水;cut down trees 砍树;high blood pressure 高血压
prevent pollution 防治污染;plant trees 植树;stop doing sth. 停止做某事
二、核心语法:现在完成时(Ⅱ)—— for & since
1. 用法区别
单词 用法 结构 例句
for 后接一段时间(时长) for + 时间段(two weeks / 3 years) I have lived here for 5 years.
since 后接过去时间点 since + 过去时刻/从句(过去式) I have lived here since 2020.
2. 关键句式
1. How long 提问时长,回答必须用 for / since
—How long has he sorted waste?
—He has done it since 3 years ago.
2. 句式:主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + for/since...
3. since 接从句,从句一般过去时,主句现在完成时
He has taken part in activities since he left school.
3. 现在完成时标志词
already(已经)、just(刚刚)、ever(曾经)、never(从不)、since、for
三、功能句型(情景交际必背)
1. 谈论污染(Preparing for the Topic)
- What has happened? 发生什么了?
- I’ve read an article about water pollution. 我读了一篇关于水污染的文章。
- Unsafe water has made many people sick. 不安全的水源让很多人生病。
- ...pollution is putting our health at risk. …污染正威胁我们的健康。
2. 3R环保问答(Function板块)
Reduce 减少垃圾
—What does reduce mean?
—It means trying to produce less trash, use fewer plastic bags.
Reuse 重复利用
—How to reuse things?
—We can reuse shower water to clean toilets; donate old clothes to charity.
Recycle 回收利用
—What can we recycle?
—Paper boxes, glass bottles, metals and plastic.
3. 谈论环保日常行为
- I always turn off the lights when I leave home.
- I ride my bike to school to save energy and reduce pollution.
- We should rethink our lifestyle to protect the earth.
4. 因果表达(阅读核心逻辑)
Cause(原因) → Effect(结果)
- Factories stopped pouring waste water. → The river became clean. → More fish live in the river.
- Loud noise → hearing problems → other health issues (heart disease, high blood pressure)
四、阅读专项知识点
阅读1:An outstanding farmer — Shi Guangyin 石光银治沙
1. 文章主线
介绍 → 治沙过程 → 荣誉与愿景
1. Introduction:a farmer from Shaanxi, desert fighter
2. Body:1984抓住政策机遇种树;沙尘暴毁掉大部分树苗;创办治沙公司、修建防护屏障;带领村民一起治沙增收
3. Conclusion:2021获七一勋章;坚持长期保护环境
2. 重点短语
fight against desert growth 对抗土地沙化
take the chance 抓住机遇
start all over again 从头再来
protect trees from sandstorms 保护树木免受沙尘暴侵袭
rest on this honor 躺在功劳簿上
3. 阅读技巧:Making generalizations(归纳总结法)
三步法:
1. I read(原文事实)
2. I know(生活常识/已有知识)
3. I generalize(总结普遍性结论)
例:
I read: Many cities carry out waste sorting.
I know: Color-coded bins are everywhere in communities.
I generalize: We all need to sort waste in daily life.
阅读2:Save our Earth 环保议论文
污染三大源头
1. Factories: pollute air & water
2. Farmers: harmful pesticides pollute soil
3. Daily waste & ship oil:污染海洋
解决措施
1. Factories: use modern tech to stop pollution; government punishes polluting factories
2. People: reduce pollution, plant more trees(trees = the lungs of Earth)
3. Change our lifestyle, unite to protect the planet
五、写作专项:环保主题作文(Developing the Topic)
1. 写作结构:因果式作文(Cause & Effect)
三段万能模板
1. Opening:点出污染问题/环保重要性
We have learned a lot about water pollution recently. It does great harm to our earth.
2. Body:分点写原因 & 带来的后果
Causes: ① People pour rubbish/waste water into rivers ② Farm & factory waste ③ Ship oil leakage
Effects: ① Drinking water quality drops ② Ocean animals die ③ Natural environment is damaged
3. Ending:提出做法+倡议
In a word, pollution threatens our health. We must change our lifestyle to protect our home.
2. 高分万能句型
1. As a result, … 因此,……(引出结果)
2. Besides, … 此外(递进)
3. In a word, … 总而言之(结尾总结)
4. Small acts can make a big difference. 小行动,大改变。
5. We have only one home planet in the universe.
六、Grammar in Use:前缀 re- 构词法
1. 构词规则
re- + 动词 = 重新/再次做某事
revisit(再次参观)、rebuild(重建)、rewrite(重写)、retake(重做)、reuse(再利用)、rethink(反思)、recreate(再造)
2. 填空例句
1. We will revisit the insect museum.
2. We need to retake the action to stop pollution.
3. People rebuilt the city after the earthquake.
4. We recreate a greener world by saving water.
七、听力&口语常考要点
1. 动物独白听力(giraffe/eagle/dolphin)
- Giraffe: People have planted more trees → enough leaves to eat
- Eagle: People stopped cutting down trees → have habitats to live
- Dolphin: People clean water → water pollution problem is solved
2. 连读&重读发音规则
环保短句朗读注意:
- 连读:turn off / burn off;pick up;ride my bike
- 实词重读(名词、动词),虚词弱读(介词、冠词)
八、单元考点清单(考试高频)
1. ✅ for / since 辨析(单选、句型转换必考)
2. ✅ re-前缀单词变形(词汇题)
3. ✅ 五大污染名词词义辨析
4. ✅ 因果逻辑阅读理解(cause & effect 题型)
5. ✅ 环保主题书面表达(必考作文话题)
6. ✅ 现在完成时 already/just/ever 用法
7. ✅ 归纳总结阅读技巧(概括题答题方法)
九、重点短语清单(默写版)
1. fight against 对抗
2. protect…from… 保护……免受……
3. start all over again 重新开始
4. take the chance 抓住机会
5. rest on one’s honor 吃老本,躺在功劳簿上
6. make a big difference 产生重大影响
7. prevent pollution 防治污染
8. cut down trees 砍伐树木
9. stop doing sth. 停止做某事
10. make less trash 减少垃圾
11. sort waste 垃圾分类
12. waste sorting 垃圾分类
13. green traveling 绿色出行
14. energy saving 节约能源
15. pour waste water 排放废水
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