内容正文:
Unit 3 Exploring the Topic
Grammar in Use(P46-P47)
一、标题板块
Grammar in Use The prefix re-
1. 【翻译】:语法运用 前缀 re-
2. 【单词 & 短语拓展】
• prefix /ˈpriːfɪks/ n. 前缀;suffix n. 后缀
• re- 前缀含义:再、重新、重复
• recycle /ˌriːˈsaɪkl/ v. 回收利用
• reuse /ˌriːˈjuːz/ v. 重复使用
• renew /rɪˈnjuː/ v. 重新发起,更新
Activity 1 Look at the pictures and read the sentences. Pay attention to the words in bold.
1. 【整句翻译】:观察图片并朗读句子,注意加粗单词。
2. 【短语拓展】
• pay attention to 注意
• in bold 加粗(字体)
三幅图句子逐句翻译+词汇拆解
1. It’s a good idea to reuse plastic bags as waste bags.
【翻译】:重复利用塑料袋当作垃圾袋是个好主意。
【拆解】:re(再次)+ use(使用)= reuse 重复使用
【拓展】:plastic bags 塑料袋;waste bags 垃圾袋
2. Scientists have found a new way to recycle waste paper into new paper products.
【翻译】:科学家找到了回收废纸制成新纸品的新方法。
【拆解】:re(再次)+ cycle(循环)= recycle 回收利用
【拓展】:waste paper 废纸;paper products 纸制品
3. Our community has renewed calls for cleaning up the waste along the river.
【翻译】:我们社区再次呼吁清理河道沿岸垃圾。
【拆解】:re(再次)+ new(新的)= renew 重新发起,更新
【拓展】:community n. 社区;clean up 清理;along the river 沿河
Activity 2 Make new words with the prefix re- and then fill in the blanks.
1. 【整句翻译】:用前缀 re- 构成新单词,再填空。
2. 【短语拓展】
• make new words 构成新单词
• fill in the blanks 填空
【构词清单(re + 基础动词)】
re + take → retake 重去;重采取
re + visit → revisit 重游,再次参观
re + write → rewrite 重写
re + build → rebuild 重建
填空标准答案+翻译+解析
1. We will revisit the insect museum to learn more about ants.
【翻译】:我们将再次参观昆虫博物馆,了解更多关于蚂蚁的知识。
【解析】:will 后接动词原形,revisit 再次参观。
2. Whenever there is pollution again, we need to retake the action to stop it.
【翻译】:每当污染再次出现,我们需要重新采取行动制止污染。
【解析】:retake the action 重新采取行动;need to do 后接动词原形。
3. After the earthquake, people rebuilt the city with the help from all over the world.
【翻译】:地震过后,在世界各地的帮助下人们重建了这座城市。
【解析】:地震发生在过去,句子时态为一般过去时,build 过去式 built,加前缀 re- 变为 rebuilt。
4. We can help rewrite the world history by saving every drop of water.
【翻译】:节约每一滴水,我们就能助力改写世界(生态)历史。
【解析】:help (to) do sth. 后接动词原形 rewrite。
Activity 3 Read the text and fill in the blanks with the given words.
1. 【整句翻译】:阅读短文,用给出单词填空。
方框词汇:recreate, reuse, reduce, rethink
短文完整填空答案、全文翻译+词汇拓展
Many people use plastic bags to carry their things and throw the bags away.
Perhaps, we should rethink about this and find a better way to use them.
One of the ways is to reuse them. After we bring our things home in a plastic bag, we can save it and use it again for something else. This is a great way to reduce the number of new plastic bags. By reusing plastic bags, we can cut down pollution and recreate a greener world.
【全文翻译】:
很多人用塑料袋装东西,用完就扔掉。或许,我们应当重新思考这件事,找到更好的使用方式。其中一种方法就是重复利用塑料袋。我们用塑料袋装东西回家后,可以留存下来,用来装别的物品。这是减少新塑料袋使用量的好办法。通过重复使用塑料袋,我们能够减少污染,重新打造一个更绿色的世界。
【词汇拆解】:
rethink = re + think 重新思考
reuse = re + use 重复使用
reduce v. 减少(本词无re前缀,环保核心词)
recreate = re + create 重新创造、打造
Present perfect tense (II) 现在完成时(第二课时)
1. 【翻译】:现在完成时(第二部分)
2. 【单词&短语拓展】
• present perfect tense 现在完成时
• sort waste 垃圾分类
• speech n. 演讲
• environmental group 环保小组
Activity 1 Pair work. Read the conversation. Pay attention to the present perfect tense of verbs.
1. 【整句翻译】:结对练习,朗读对话,注意动词的现在完成时形式。
2. 【短语拓展】
• take part in 参加
• waste sorting 垃圾分类
对话原文翻译+语法标注
Girl: Hi, Kangkang! Did you take part in the speech about waste sorting last Saturday?
【翻译】:嗨康康!上周六你参加垃圾分类主题演讲了吗?(一般过去时,提问过去一次性、已结束动作,有明确过去时间状语 last Saturday)
Boy: Yes, I did. I have learned a lot about sorting the waste since I listened to the speech.
【翻译】:我去了。自从听完那场演讲,我学到了很多垃圾分类知识。
【语法】:have learned 现在完成时;since + 过去时间点,动作从过去持续到现在。
Girl: Me too. I have kept sorting out all the waste at home for five days. Now I am really good at it.
【翻译】:我也是。我已经在家坚持垃圾分类五天了,现在我特别擅长。
【语法】:have kept 现在完成时;for + 时间段,描述动作持续时长
Activity 2 Complete the table and learn how to use for and since.
1. 【整句翻译】:完成表格,学习 for 和 since 的用法。
2. 【核心语法表格讲解】
单词
搭配规则
示例填空
for
for + a period of time
(一段持续时长)
for two weeks /
for 3 years
since
since + a point in time (in the past)
(过去时间点)
since two weeks ago / since 2020 /
since I was young
三道填空标准答案+翻译解析
1. We haven’t seen any waste in the river for several months.
【翻译】:我们已经好几个月没在河里看到垃圾了。
【解析】:several months 是持续时间段,用for。
2. —How long has your city sorted the waste?
— Since 2020.
【翻译】:——你们城市垃圾分类实行多久了?
——从2020年开始。
【解析】:2020是独立过去时间点,用since。
3. I have been in an environmental group since the new term began.
【翻译】:新学期开始后,我就加入了环保小组。
【解析】:the new term began 完整过去事件(时间节点),用since。
Activity 3 Look at the pictures and answer the questions with for or since.
1. 【整句翻译】:看图,用for / since 回答问题。
标准答案+翻译
1. How long has Li Wei kept sorting the waste? (3 years ago)
【Answer】: He has kept sorting the waste since three years ago.
【翻译】:李伟坚持垃圾分类多久了?他从三年前就开始垃圾分类。
2. How long has Lingling been in the tree planting activity? (one year)
Answer: She has been in the tree planting activity for one year.
【翻译】:玲玲参与植树活动多久了?她参与植树活动一年了。
3. Have you ever recycled to protect our environment? If so, how long have you been like this?
【Answer】:Yes, I have. I have recycled waste for two years.
【翻译】:你有没有回收垃圾保护环境?如果有,你坚持多久了?
有,我回收垃圾两年了。
二、核心短语背诵清单
P46 前缀 re- 主题短语
1. reuse plastic bags 重复使用塑料袋
2. recycle waste paper 回收废纸
3. renew calls 再次呼吁
4. fill in the blanks 填空
5. cut down pollution 减少污染
6. recreate a greener world 打造绿色新世界
7. throw away 扔掉
8. carry things 装载物品
P47 现在完成时核心短语
1. take part in the speech 参加演讲
2. waste sorting 垃圾分类
3. learn a lot 学到很多
4. sort out waste 分类垃圾
5. environmental group 环保小组
6. how long 多久(提问时长)
核心单词变形汇总
●前缀 re- 构词变形
1. use v. 使用 → reuse v. 重复使用
2. cycle v. 循环 → recycle v. 回收利用
3. new adj. 新的 → renew v. 更新,重新发起
4. visit v. 参观 → revisit v. 重游
5. take v. 拿,采取 → retake v. 重新采取
6. write v. 写 → rewrite v. 重写
7. build v. 建造 → rebuild v. 重建(特殊变形:build-built → rebuild-rebuilt)
8. think v. 思考 → rethink v. 重新思考
9. create v. 创造 → recreate v. 重塑,打造
补充拓展 re-词汇:restart 重启、return 返回、replay 重放、remake 重做
●现在完成时动词变形(不规则)
1. learn → learned / learnt(过去分词)学习
2. keep → kept(过去分词)坚持,保持
3. see → seen(过去分词)看见
4. begin → begun(过去分词)开始
5. be → been(过去分词)处于
核心语法 & 知识点总结
知识点1:前缀 re- 构词法(必考,详细讲解)
1. 核心含义
前缀 re- 加在动词词根前,语义为:再一次、重新、重复,改变原动词词义,不改变词性,全部为动词。
2. 基础构词公式
re + 动词原形 = 新动词
例:re(再次) + use(使用) = reuse 重复使用
3. 拼写规则
1)绝大多数单词直接加 re-,无拼写变化:revisit、rethink、recreate、retake、rewrite
2)特殊变形:build → rebuild,过去式/过去分词特殊变化 built → rebuilt
3)发音区分:re- 重读 /riː/,单词重音多在第二个音节 recycle /ˌriːˈsaɪkl/
4. 三大考点题型
1)看图识词:根据图片场景猜出re-单词(Activity1题型)
2)构词造词:给出基础动词,加re构成新词(Activity2题型)
3)短文填空:结合语境选择合适re-动词变形(Activity3题型)
5. 写作运用
环保、生活类作文高频词,提升词汇丰富度:
We should rethink our lifestyle and reuse daily goods to protect the earth.
我们应当重新思考生活方式,重复利用日用品保护地球。
知识点2:现在完成时(II)for & since 专项精讲(单元重难点)
一、现在完成时基础结构(复习铺垫)
1. 三种句式
① 肯定句:主语 + have / has + 动词过去分词
I have kept sorting waste for 5 days.
② 否定句:主语 + haven’t / hasn’t + 动词过去分词
We haven’t visited the park since last year.
③ 特殊疑问句:How long + have/has + 主语 + 过去分词?
How long has she lived here?
2. 本课时核心用法(只讲持续用法)
表示动作从过去某个时间开始发生,一直持续到现在,常搭配 for / since 说明时长、起始时间。
⚠️ 区分一般过去时:一般过去时只描述过去发生、现已结束的动作,搭配明确过去时间(yesterday, last Saturday),不能和for/since连用。
对比例句:
• I took part in the speech last Saturday.(一般过去时,动作已结束)
• I have learned much knowledge since the speech.(现在完成时,学到的知识持续到现在)
二、for 完整讲解
1. 语法功能:后接时间段,回答“How long”,说明动作持续多久。
2. 可搭配:数字+days/months/years/hours
例:for one year / for three months / for two hours
3. 句式模板:主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + … + for + 时长
She has planted trees for 4 years.
三、since 完整讲解
1. 语法功能:后接过去时间点,表示动作开始的起点。
2. 三类可搭配内容:
① 年份/日期:since 2020 / since July
② …ago 短语:since three years ago
③ 完整过去时态句子:since I left school / since the term began
3. 句式模板:主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + … + since + 时间点
They have recycled rubbish since 2021.
四、for 和 since 互换技巧(阅读、改写句子高频考点)
公式:since + 时间点 = for + 对应时长
例:
He has lived here since three years ago.
= He has lived here for three years.
五、易错点提醒
1. since 后面必须是过去时间,不能接时间段;for 后面只能接时间段,不能接时间点。
错误:I have studied English since 5 years.
正确:I have studied English for 5 years. / since five years ago.
2. 动词选择:与for/since连用时,必须使用延续性动词(keep, live, learn, be in 等);短暂动词(buy, leave, join)不能直接搭配for/since。
知识点3:重点固定搭配拓展
1. help (to) do sth. 帮助做某事,to可省略,后接动词原形
We help recreate a greener world.
2. pay attention to + 名词/动名词 注意……
Please pay attention to the new words.
3. take part in + 活动名称 参加某项活动
take part in the tree planting activity
三、课堂教学实施建议
1. 【P46 前缀 re- 导入】:展示三张环保配图,拆解reuse/recycle/renew三个单词,直观讲解re-“再次”含义,带领学生自主组词;
2. 【Activity2 构词练习】:先让学生自主拼接re+基础动词,核对单词后再完成填空,区分一般将来时will+原形、一般过去式特殊变形rebuilt;
3. 【Activity3 短文填空】:结合环保主题,梳理rethink/reuse/reduce/recreate四个词汇,总结re-单词写作万能句型;
4.【 P47 语法导入】:双人对话朗读,对比一般过去时(last Saturday)和现在完成时(for/since)的时间状语差异,区分两种时态;
5. 【重难点for/since专项】:表格对比记忆,分层练习单句填空,总结口诀“段前for,点前since”,练习句型互换;
6. 【Activity3看图问答】:结合环保植树、垃圾分类场景,口头操练for/since完整句型,做到开口输出;
7. 【综合融合训练】:把re前缀单词和现在完成时结合造句,如:I have reused plastic bags for two years. 同时巩固两大核心考点;
8. 【易错点专项纠错】:板书展示for/since典型错题,集体订正,强化延续性动词使用规则。
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