Unit 6 Beyond Earth（重难词汇精练）2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册

**基本信息** 以“基础-拓展-语境-语篇”为逻辑主线，系统训练太空主题词汇的记忆、派生及综合运用，培养语言能力与学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇基础|汉译英（20词/短语）、单词拼写（15词）|直接考查词汇记忆与拼写|孤立词汇→音形义对应| |词汇拓展|单词变形（15组派生）|词形转换（名/形/副等）|词根→派生→词性变化逻辑| |词汇语境应用|词形填空（15题）、完成句子（10题）|结合句意选填词汇适当形式|词汇→语法规则→语境表达| |词汇语篇综合|语法填空（2篇）、选词填空（1篇）、阅读理解（2篇）|在语篇中综合运用词汇|词汇→语篇理解→跨文化认知|

Unit 6 Beyond Earth词汇专项过关·解析 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、汉译英 根据中文释义写出对应的英文单词或短语。 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 单词 单词 单词 explore v. 探索；探险 research n.&v. 研究；调查 benefit n. 益处 v. 使受益 technology n. 技术；科技 resource n. 资源；资料 future n. 未来；将来 satellite n. 卫星；人造卫星 achievement n. 成就；成绩 cooperate v. 合作；协作 international adj. 国际的 launch v. 发射；发起 n. 发射 space n. 太空；空间 spacecraft n. 航天器；宇宙飞船 station n. 站；所；基地 distance n. 距离；远处 alien n. 外星人 adj. 外星的 challenge n.&v. 挑战 solar adj. 太阳的；太阳能的 journey n. 旅程；旅行 telescope n. 望远镜 imagine v. 想象；设想 in any case 无论如何；不管怎样 likely adj. 可能的 adv. 很可能 board a spaceship 登上宇宙飞船 universe n. 宇宙；天地万物 solar system 太阳系 planet n. 行星 space station 太空站；空间站 astronaut n. 宇航员 look into 调查；研究；向里看 mission n. 任务；使命 be likely to 很可能…… surface n. 表面；外表 make progress 取得进步 gravity n. 重力；引力 a long distance 长距离 orbit n. 轨道 v. 绕……运行 find out 找出；查明；发现 discover v. 发现；发觉 in the future 在将来 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 写出下列单词的派生形式。 1. explore → ('n. 探索', 'exploration') → ('n. 探险家', 'explorer') → ('adj. 勘探的', 'exploratory') 2. benefit → ('adj. 有益的', 'beneficial') → ('n. 受益者', 'beneficiary') 3. cooperate → ('n. 合作', 'cooperation') → ('adj. 合作的', 'cooperative') 4. distance → ('adj. 遥远的', 'distant') → ('adv. 遥远地', 'distantly') 5. challenge → ('adj. 有挑战性的', 'challenging') → ('n. 挑战者', 'challenger') 6. imagine → ('n. 想象力', 'imagination') → ('adj. 富有想象力的', 'imaginative') 7. likely → ('n. 可能性', 'likelihood') → ('adj. 不太可能的', 'unlikely') 8. discover → ('n. 发现', 'discovery') → ('n. 发现者', 'discoverer') 9. achieve → ('n. 成就', 'achievement') → ('adj. 可实现的', 'achievable') 10. international → ('n. 国家；民族', 'nation') → ('adj. 国家的', 'national') → ('n. 国籍', 'nationality') 11. technology → ('adj. 技术的', 'technological') → ('adv. 技术上', 'technologically') 12. possible → ('n. 可能性', 'possibility') → ('adj. 不可能的', 'impossible') → ('adv. 可能地', 'possibly') 13. communicate → ('n. 交流；通讯', 'communication') → ('adj. 善于沟通的', 'communicative') 14. science → ('n. 科学家', 'scientist') → ('adj. 科学的', 'scientific') 15. develop → ('n. 发展', 'development') → ('adj. 发达的', 'developed') 三、用所给词的适当形式填空 根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Space exploration__ (explore) has taught us a lot about the universe. 2. Exercise is very beneficial__ (benefit) to your physical and mental health. 3. International cooperation__ (cooperate) is needed to solve global problems. 4. The moon is at a great distance__ (distant) from the Earth. 5. Climbing Mount Everest is a challenging__ (challenge) task for anyone. 6. She has a wonderful imagination__ (imagine) and can create amazing stories. 7. It is unlikely__ (likely) that it will snow in summer. 8. The discovery__ (discover) of new planets excites scientists. 9. Landing on the moon was a great achievement__ (achieve) for humankind. 10. China has made great technological__ (technology) progress in space exploration. 11. Is there any possibility__ (possible) of life on other planets? 12. Good communication__ (communicate) is key to successful teamwork. 13. Many scientists__ (science) believe there is water on Mars. 14. China is now a leading__ (lead) country in space technology. 15. The development__ (develop) of the space program requires huge investment. 【答案】1. exploration；2. beneficial；3. cooperation；4. distance；5. challenging；6. imagination；7. unlikely；8. discovery；9. achievement；10. technological；11. possibility；12. communication；13. scientists；14. leading；15. development 四、单词拼写 根据括号内的中文提示写出正确的英文单词。 1. exploration（探索） 2. resource（资源） 3. satellite（卫星） 4. cooperation（合作） 5. distance（距离） 6. challenge（挑战） 7. universe（宇宙） 8. astronaut（宇航员） 9. mission（任务） 10. surface（表面） 11. gravity（重力） 12. orbit（轨道） 13. telescope（望远镜） 14. future（未来） 15. international（国际的） 【答案】1. exploration；2. resource；3. satellite；4. cooperation；5. distance；6. challenge；7. universe；8. astronaut；9. mission；10. surface；11. gravity；12. orbit；13. telescope；14. future；15. international 五、完成句子 根据括号内的中文提示完成句子，每空一词。 1. In any case__, we should never give up our dreams. 2. Astronauts will board a spaceship__ and travel to the moon. 3. Scientists are studying the planets in our solar system__. 4. China has built its own space station__ in orbit. 5. The police are looking into__ the cause of the accident. 6. It is likely to__ rain tomorrow, so take an umbrella. 7. China has made / progress__ great made / progress__ in space technology. 8. The two cities are separated by a long distance__. 9. We need to find out__ more about the red planet. 10. More people may travel to space in the future__. 【答案】1. In any case；2. board a spaceship；3. solar system；4. space station；5. looking into；6. is likely to；7. made / progress；8. a long distance；9. find out；10. in the future 六、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China's space program has made amazing progress in recent years. In 2003, Yang Liwei became the first Chinese astronaut 1 (travel) into space aboard Shenzhou 5. Since then, China 2 (send) many more astronauts into space. In 2019, China made history by 3 (land) a spacecraft on the far side of the moon — something no other country had ever done. The Chang'e 4 mission sent back the first close-up pictures of 4 mysterious side of the moon. In 2020, Chang'e 5 brought moon rocks back to Earth 5 (successful). China is now building its own space station called Tiangong. Astronauts from different countries 6 (invite) to work together on the space station. This shows China's openness to international cooperation. Looking to the future, China has even 7 (big) plans. Scientists are working on missions to Mars and beyond. They hope 8 (find) signs of life or water on other planets. Some even dream 9 sending people to Mars one day. As President Xi Jinping said, "Exploring the vast universe is 10 common dream of all humankind." China's space journey has just begun. 【答案】1. to travel 2. has sent 3. landing 4. the 5. successfully 6. are invited 7. bigger 8. to find 9. of 10. a 【导语】本文介绍了中国航天事业近年来的重大成就，从神舟五号到嫦娥工程再到天宫空间站，展现了中国在太空探索领域的快速发展。 Is there life on other planets? This question 1 (interest) humans for thousands of years. With the development of technology, we are now closer than ever to 2 (find) the answer. Mars is the planet that scientists are most interested 3 . It has many similarities to Earth — it has seasons, ice caps and maybe even water under 4 (it) surface. Several space agencies have sent rovers (探测器) to Mars to search 5 signs of life. But Mars is not the only possibility. Scientists have discovered that some moons of Jupiter and Saturn may have liquid water oceans under 6 (they) icy surfaces. Where there is water, there might be life. However, even 7 we find life on other planets, it probably won't be little green men. Most likely, it will be tiny organisms (微生物) — simple life forms. But even that would be one of 8 (great) discoveries in human history. The search for extraterrestrial (地球外的) life teaches us something 9 (value) about ourselves. It reminds us how special our planet is and why we 10 (protect) it now more than ever. 【答案】1. has interested 2. finding 3. in 4. its 5. for 6. their 7. if 8. the greatest 9. valuable 10. should protect 【导语】本文探讨了人类寻找外星生命的故事，介绍火星和其他天体上可能存在生命的线索，并强调保护地球的重要性。 七、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整。每空一词，每词限用一次。 explore distance mission imagine surface astronaut universe likely technology future What lies beyond the stars? Humans have always wanted to 1 the unknown. Space, the final frontier, is full of mysteries waiting to be discovered. Every space 2 begins with careful planning. Scientists and engineers work together for years before a spacecraft is even ready. The 3 between Earth and other planets is so huge that it can take months or even years to reach them. Can you 4 walking on the surface of another planet? For a few lucky 5 , this dream has become a reality. They describe the 6 of the moon as dusty and gray, with a sky that is always black. The 7 is so vast that we will probably never explore all of it. But with advancing 8 , we are making progress. New rockets, better telescopes and smarter robots help us see farther than ever before. In the 9 , space travel may become as common as air travel is today. Companies are already planning tourist trips to space. It is very 10 that some of today's students will visit space in their lifetime. 【答案】1. explore 2. mission 3. distance 4. imagine 5. astronauts 6. surface 7. universe 8. technology 9. future 10. likely 【导语】本文是一篇关于太空探索的短文，介绍了人类探索宇宙的梦想、太空任务的过程和未来的可能性。 八、阅读理解 A "That's one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind." These famous words were spoken by Neil Armstrong when he became the first person to walk on the moon on July 20, 1969. It was a moment that changed history. The Apollo 11 mission was the result of years of hard work by thousands of scientists and engineers. The spacecraft traveled 384,000 kilometers to reach the moon. The journey took about four days. When Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin finally landed, millions of people around the world watched on television with great excitement. Walking on the moon was not easy. The moon's gravity is only one-sixth of Earth's, so the astronauts could jump very high. However, their spacesuits were heavy and the surface was covered with a fine, sharp dust. The astronauts spent about two and a half hours on the surface, collecting rocks and setting up experiments. Since Apollo 11, only 12 people have walked on the moon — all of them American men. Now, more than 50 years later, many countries are planning new moon missions. China has already landed spacecraft on the moon several times and plans to send astronauts there soon. The moon landing showed us that with courage, teamwork and technology, humans can do things that once seemed impossible. It remains one of the greatest achievements in human history. 1. Who was the first person to walk on the moon? A. Buzz Aldrin. B. Neil Armstrong. C. Yuri Gagarin. D. Yang Liwei. 2. How long did the Apollo 11 journey to the moon take? A. About two days. B. About four days. C. About one week. D. About one month. 3. How many people have walked on the moon so far? A. 6. B. 10. C. 12. D. 20. 4. What does the moon landing show us according to the passage? A. Space travel is too dangerous. B. Only Americans can go to space. C. Humans can do things that once seemed impossible. D. The moon is not worth exploring. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 4. C 【导语】本文回顾了人类首次登月的历史时刻，描述了阿波罗11号任务的历程及其对人类探索精神的深远影响。 B Imagine waking up and looking out of your window to see Earth floating in the blackness of space. For astronauts living on the International Space Station (ISS), this is everyday life. The ISS is the largest space station ever built. It's about the size of a football field and orbits Earth at a speed of about 28,000 kilometers per hour. That means the astronauts on board see 16 sunrises and sunsets every day! Life on the ISS is very different from life on Earth. Without gravity, everything floats — including the astronauts themselves. They sleep in sleeping bags tied to the wall so they don't float away. Washing is difficult because water forms floating balls in the air. Even going to the bathroom requires special equipment. But life in space isn't just about dealing with difficulties. Astronauts do important scientific research that cannot be done on Earth. They study how the human body changes in space, grow plants in zero gravity, and test new technologies. This research helps us understand more about our own planet and prepares us for future missions to Mars. The ISS is also a symbol of international cooperation. Since 2000, astronauts from 19 different countries have lived and worked together on the station. In space, national borders don't matter — everyone works together for the good of science and humanity. 1. How fast does the ISS orbit Earth? A. About 10,000 km/h. B. About 28,000 km/h. C. About 50,000 km/h. D. About 100,000 km/h. 2. How do astronauts sleep on the ISS? A. In regular beds like on Earth. B. In sleeping bags tied to the wall. C. They don't sleep at all. D. On the floor of the space station. 3. What kind of research do astronauts do on the ISS? A. Only growing flowers. B. Scientific research that cannot be done on Earth. C. Only watching movies. D. Only cooking experiments. 4. What does the ISS symbolize according to the passage? A. American power. B. International cooperation. C. The end of space exploration. D. Competition between countries. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. B 4. B 【导语】本文介绍了国际空间站（ISS）上宇航员的生活和科研工作，强调了太空探索中的国际合作精神。 第 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 6 Beyond Earth词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、汉译英 根据中文释义写出对应的英文单词或短语。 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 单词 单词 单词 v. 探索;探险 n.&v. 研究;调查 n. 益处 v. 使受益 n. 技术;科技 n. 资源;资料 n. 未来;将来 n. 卫星;人造卫星 n. 成就;成绩 v. 合作;协作 adj. 国际的 v. 发射;发起 n. 发射 n. 太空;空间 n. 航天器;宇宙飞船 n. 站;所;基地 n. 距离;远处 n. 外星人 adj. 外星的 n.&v. 挑战 adj. 太阳的;太阳能的 n. 旅程;旅行 n. 望远镜 v. 想象;设想 无论如何;不管怎样 adj. 可能的 adv. 很可能 登上宇宙飞船 n. 宇宙;天地万物 太阳系 n. 行星 太空站;空间站 n. 宇航员 调查;研究;向里看 n. 任务;使命 很可能…… n. 表面;外表 取得进步 n. 重力;引力 长距离 n. 轨道 v. 绕……运行 找出;查明;发现 v. 发现;发觉 在将来 二、词汇拓展(单词变形) 写出下列单词的派生形式。 1. explore _ (n. 探索) _ (n. 探险家) _ (adj. 勘探的) 2. benefit _ (adj. 有益的) _ (n. 受益者) 3. cooperate _ (n. 合作) _ (adj. 合作的) 4. distance _ (adj. 遥远的) _ (adv. 遥远地) 5. challenge _ (adj. 有挑战性的) _ (n. 挑战者) 6. imagine _ (n. 想象力) _ (adj. 富有想象力的) 7. likely _ (n. 可能性) _ (adj. 不太可能的) 8. discover _ (n. 发现) _ (n. 发现者) 9. achieve _ (n. 成就) _ (adj. 可实现的) 10. international _ (n. 国家;民族) _ (adj. 国家的) _ (n. 国籍) 11. technology _ (adj. 技术的) _ (adv. 技术上) 12. possible _ (n. 可能性) _ (adj. 不可能的) _ (adv. 可能地) 13. communicate _ (n. 交流;通讯) _ (adj. 善于沟通的) 14. science _ (n. 科学家) _ (adj. 科学的) 15. develop _ (n. 发展) _ (adj. 发达的) 三、用所给词的适当形式填空 根据句意,用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Space _ (explore) has taught us a lot about the universe. 2. Exercise is very _ (benefit) to your physical and mental health. 3. International _ (cooperate) is needed to solve global problems. 4. The moon is at a great _ (distant) from the Earth. 5. Climbing Mount Everest is a _ (challenge) task for anyone. 6. She has a wonderful _ (imagine) and can create amazing stories. 7. It is _ (likely) that it will snow in summer. 8. The _ (discover) of new planets excites scientists. 9. Landing on the moon was a great _ (achieve) for humankind. 10. China has made great _ (technology) progress in space exploration. 11. Is there any _ (possible) of life on other planets? 12. Good _ (communicate) is key to successful teamwork. 13. Many _ (science) believe there is water on Mars. 14. China is now a _ (lead) country in space technology. 15. The _ (develop) of the space program requires huge investment. 四、单词拼写 根据括号内的中文提示写出正确的英文单词。 1. The _(探索)... 2. The _(资源)... 3. The _(卫星)... 4. The _(合作)... 5. The _(距离)... 6. The _(挑战)... 7. The _(宇宙)... 8. The _(宇航员)... 9. The _(任务)... 10. The _(表面)... 11. The _(重力)... 12. The _(轨道)... 13. The _(望远镜)... 14. The _(未来)... 15. The _(国际的)... 五、完成句子 根据括号内的中文提示完成句子,每空一词。 1. _, we should never give up our dreams.(无论如何) 2. Astronauts will _ and travel to the moon.(登上宇宙飞船) 3. Scientists are studying the planets in our _.(太阳系) 4. China has built its own _ in orbit.(太空站) 5. The police are _ the cause of the accident.(调查) 6. It _ rain tomorrow, so take an umbrella.(很可能) 7. China has _ great _ in space technology.(取得进步) 8. The two cities are separated by _.(长距离) 9. We need to _ more about the red planet.(查明) 10. More people may travel to space _.(在将来) 六、语法填空 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China's space program has made amazing progress in recent years. In 2003, Yang Liwei became the first Chinese astronaut 1 (travel) into space aboard Shenzhou 5. Since then, China 2 (send) many more astronauts into space. In 2019, China made history by 3 (land) a spacecraft on the far side of the moon — something no other country had ever done. The Chang'e 4 mission sent back the first close-up pictures of 4 mysterious side of the moon. In 2020, Chang'e 5 brought moon rocks back to Earth 5 (successful). China is now building its own space station called Tiangong. Astronauts from different countries 6 (invite) to work together on the space station. This shows China's openness to international cooperation. Looking to the future, China has even 7 (big) plans. Scientists are working on missions to Mars and beyond. They hope 8 (find) signs of life or water on other planets. Some even dream 9 sending people to Mars one day. As President Xi Jinping said, "Exploring the vast universe is 10 common dream of all humankind." China's space journey has just begun. Is there life on other planets? This question 1 (interest) humans for thousands of years. With the development of technology, we are now closer than ever to 2 (find) the answer. Mars is the planet that scientists are most interested 3 . It has many similarities to Earth — it has seasons, ice caps and maybe even water under 4 (it) surface. Several space agencies have sent rovers (探测器) to Mars to search 5 signs of life. But Mars is not the only possibility. Scientists have discovered that some moons of Jupiter and Saturn may have liquid water oceans under 6 (they) icy surfaces. Where there is water, there might be life. However, even 7 we find life on other planets, it probably won't be little green men. Most likely, it will be tiny organisms (微生物) — simple life forms. But even that would be one of 8 (great) discoveries in human history. The search for extraterrestrial (地球外的) life teaches us something 9 (value) about ourselves. It reminds us how special our planet is and why we 10 (protect) it now more than ever. 七、选词填空 阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺,意思完整。每空一词,每词限用一次。 explore distance mission imagine surface astronaut universe likely technology future What lies beyond the stars? Humans have always wanted to 1 the unknown. Space, the final frontier, is full of mysteries waiting to be discovered. Every space 2 begins with careful planning. Scientists and engineers work together for years before a spacecraft is even ready. The 3 between Earth and other planets is so huge that it can take months or even years to reach them. Can you 4 walking on the surface of another planet? For a few lucky 5 , this dream has become a reality. They describe the 6 of the moon as dusty and gray, with a sky that is always black. The 7 is so vast that we will probably never explore all of it. But with advancing 8 , we are making progress. New rockets, better telescopes and smarter robots help us see farther than ever before. In the 9 , space travel may become as common as air travel is today. Companies are already planning tourist trips to space. It is very 10 that some of today's students will visit space in their lifetime. 八、阅读理解 A "That's one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind." These famous words were spoken by Neil Armstrong when he became the first person to walk on the moon on July 20, 1969. It was a moment that changed history. The Apollo 11 mission was the result of years of hard work by thousands of scientists and engineers. The spacecraft traveled 384,000 kilometers to reach the moon. The journey took about four days. When Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin finally landed, millions of people around the world watched on television with great excitement. Walking on the moon was not easy. The moon's gravity is only one-sixth of Earth's, so the astronauts could jump very high. However, their spacesuits were heavy and the surface was covered with a fine, sharp dust. The astronauts spent about two and a half hours on the surface, collecting rocks and setting up experiments. Since Apollo 11, only 12 people have walked on the moon — all of them American men. Now, more than 50 years later, many countries are planning new moon missions. China has already landed spacecraft on the moon several times and plans to send astronauts there soon. The moon landing showed us that with courage, teamwork and technology, humans can do things that once seemed impossible. It remains one of the greatest achievements in human history. 1. Who was the first person to walk on the moon? A. Buzz Aldrin. B. Neil Armstrong. C. Yuri Gagarin. D. Yang Liwei. 2. How long did the Apollo 11 journey to the moon take? A. About two days. B. About four days. C. About one week. D. About one month. 3. How many people have walked on the moon so far? A. 6. B. 10. C. 12. D. 20. 4. What does the moon landing show us according to the passage? A. Space travel is too dangerous. B. Only Americans can go to space. C. Humans can do things that once seemed impossible. D. The moon is not worth exploring. B Imagine waking up and looking out of your window to see Earth floating in the blackness of space. For astronauts living on the International Space Station (ISS), this is everyday life. The ISS is the largest space station ever built. It's about the size of a football field and orbits Earth at a speed of about 28,000 kilometers per hour. That means the astronauts on board see 16 sunrises and sunsets every day! Life on the ISS is very different from life on Earth. Without gravity, everything floats — including the astronauts themselves. They sleep in sleeping bags tied to the wall so they don't float away. Washing is difficult because water forms floating balls in the air. Even going to the bathroom requires special equipment. But life in space isn't just about dealing with difficulties. Astronauts do important scientific research that cannot be done on Earth. They study how the human body changes in space, grow plants in zero gravity, and test new technologies. This research helps us understand more about our own planet and prepares us for future missions to Mars. The ISS is also a symbol of international cooperation. Since 2000, astronauts from 19 different countries have lived and worked together on the station. In space, national borders don't matter — everyone works together for the good of science and humanity. 1. How fast does the ISS orbit Earth? A. About 10,000 km/h. B. About 28,000 km/h. C. About 50,000 km/h. D. About 100,000 km/h. 2. How do astronauts sleep on the ISS? A. In regular beds like on Earth. B. In sleeping bags tied to the wall. C. They don't sleep at all. D. On the floor of the space station. 3. What kind of research do astronauts do on the ISS? A. Only growing flowers. B. Scientific research that cannot be done on Earth. C. Only watching movies. D. Only cooking experiments. 4. What does the ISS symbolize according to the passage? A. American power. B. International cooperation. C. The end of space exploration. D. Competition between countries. 第 页 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $