Unit 1 Science and Scientists（复习课件）英语人教版选择性必修第二册

该高中英语课件系统梳理了Unit 1 Science and Scientists的核心知识，涵盖重点词汇、短语、表语从句语法及科学精神主题写作。通过知识图谱整合重点单词短语，考点串讲分词汇（词形转换、用法归纳）和句型（结构分析、即时训练），构建“词汇-句型-语法-写作”的逻辑知识网络。 其亮点在于采用分层复习策略，如词汇精讲中“suspect”双词性通过情景例句和即时训练强化语言能力，主题写作结合表语从句设计议论文模板培养思维品质。综合训练从基础填空到写作练习，满足不同学生需求，助力教师精准复习，提升学生知识运用与逻辑表达能力。

人教版·选择性必修第二册 Unit 1 Science and Scientists 单元复习 Unit 1 Science and Scientists 复习目标 知识图谱 考点串讲 单元语法 主题写作 综合训练 复习目标 知识图谱 考点串讲 单元语法 主题写作 综合训练 CONTNETS 1. 学生能够掌握本单元重点词汇，如cholera, severe, suspect, blame, transform, pure, substantial, framework等，并能在不同语境中正确运用。（重点掌握） 2. 学会重要短语和句型，如subscribe to, thanks to, break out, in charge of，掌握表语从句相关句型，并能利用这些短语和句型进行口头和书面表达。（重点掌握） 3. 提高阅读理解能力，能够读懂关于科学家、科学研究、科技创新主题的文章，理解文章主旨大意、细节信息，并能根据文章内容进行推理判断。 4. 培养书面表达能力，能够运用所学词汇、短语和句型，写一篇关于科学精神的议论文，做到语言表达准确、条理清晰、内容完整。​ 复习目标 知识图谱 表语从句 (Predicative clauses) 单元语法 主题写作 议论文：阐述科学精神（opinion essay about the scientific spirit） 写作素材：观点引入句式、事例论证模板、结尾升华句型 重点单词 cholera, severe, frustrate, suspect, blame, transform, pure, substantial, decrease, intervene, aerospace, patriotic, gifted, outstanding, abstract, steady 重点短语 Science and Scientists once and for all, subscribe to, break out, come down, in charge of, above all Unit 1 Science and Scientists 考点串讲 人教版·选择性必修第二册 考点串讲 重点词汇 单词 词形 意思 adj. 十分严重的；严厉的 n. 感染；传染 vt.&vi./n. 怀疑；嫌疑人 vt./n. 责怪；责备 vt./n. 处理；把手 vt.&vi. 改变；转变 vt.&vi./n. 减少；降低 adj. 最初的；开始的 adj. 纯的；纯净的 adj. 大量的；重大的 severe infection suspect blame handle transform decrease initial pure substantial 考点串讲 词形转换 1. severe adj.严重的 → severely adv.严重地 → severity n.严重性 2. infect vt.感染 → infection n.感染 → infectious adj.有传染性的 3. contradict v.反驳 → contradictory adj.相互矛盾的 → contradiction n.矛盾 4. frustrate vt.使沮丧 → frustrated adj.沮丧的 → frustration n.沮丧 5. transform vt.改变 → transformation n.改造；转变 6. pure adj.纯净的 → purity n.纯净 → purify vt.净化 7. substantial adj.大量的 → substance n.物质；实质 8. initial adj.最初的 → initiate vt.发起 → initiative n.倡议 9. theory(n.)理论 → theoretical adj.理论的 10. intervene v.干预 → intervention n.介入；干涉 考点串讲 词汇精讲 1. suspect /səˈspekt/ vt. 怀疑；不信任 /ˈsʌspekt/ n. 嫌疑人 情景导学 The police suspect that the suspect is related to the cholera outbreak. 警方怀疑这名嫌疑人和霍乱爆发有关。 用法归纳 ① suspect sb. of (doing) sth. 怀疑某人（做）某事 ② suspect that… 认为/怀疑……（从句不用否定转移） 词汇拓展 suspicion n. 怀疑； suspicious adj. 可疑的 即时训练 She suspected him ____ stealing the pump. 答案：of 考点串讲 词汇精讲 2. blame /bleɪm/ vt. 责备；归咎于 n. 责任 情景导学 Don’t blame the pump for the disaster; we should find the real cause. 不要把灾难归咎于水泵，我们应当找到真正原因。 用法归纳 ① blame sb. for sth. 因某事责备某人 ② blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人 ③ be to blame (for…) （对……）应承担责任（主动表被动） 词汇拓展 blameless adj. 无过错的 即时训练 It is not the water pump that is ____ ____ ____.（应受指责） 答案：to blame 考点串讲 词汇精讲 3. transform /trænsˈfɔːm/ vt.&vi. 改变；改造 情景导学 Science has transformed people’s understanding of disease. 科学改变了人们对疾病的认知。 用法归纳 ① transform A into B 把A转化/改造为B 词汇拓展 transformation n. 变化；改观 即时训练 Modern medicine transformed the city ____ a safe place. 答案：into 考点串讲 词汇精讲 4. subscribe /səbˈskraɪb/ vi. 订阅；同意 情景导学 Most scientists subscribe to the theory that germs cause infection. 大部分科学家认同细菌引发感染这一理论。 用法归纳 ① subscribe to 订阅；赞同（观点、理论） 词汇拓展 subscription n. 订阅 即时训练 I don’t subscribe ____ his view about the experiment. 答案：to 考点串讲 词汇精讲 5. severe /sɪˈvɪə(r)/ adj. 严重的；严厉的 情景导学 Patients with severe diarrhoea may suffer dehydration. 严重腹泻的患者可能会脱水。 用法归纳 ①be severe on/with sb. 对某人严厉； ②severe damage/infection 严重损害/感染 词汇拓展 severely adv. 严重地 即时训练 The region suffered a ____ (severe) cholera attack last year. 答案：severe 考点串讲 词汇精讲 6. decrease /dɪˈkriːs/ v. /ˈdiːkriːs/ n. 减少 情景导学 The number of cases decreased sharply after the intervention. 干预之后，病例数量大幅下降。 用法归纳 ① decrease by +幅度；decrease to +最终数值 ② on the decrease 在减少 词汇拓展 increase v.&n. 增加 即时训练 The death rate decreased ____ 30% after measures were taken. 答案：by 考点串讲 词汇精讲 7. handle /ˈhændl/ vt. 处理；操纵 n. 把手 情景导学 He knows how to handle contradictory experimental results. 他知道如何处理相互矛盾的实验结果。 用法归纳 ① handle problems/machines 处理问题；操控器械 词汇拓展 handler n. 操作者 即时训练 It is challenging ____ (handle) such complex data. 答案：to handle 考点串讲 词汇精讲 8. infection /ɪnˈfekʃn/ n. 感染 情景导学 The water pump was the source of infection in this area. 水泵是这个地区的传染源。 用法归纳 ① prevent infection 预防感染； ②infect sb. with sth. 使某人感染…… 词汇拓展 infect vt. 传染； infectious adj. 传染性的 即时训练 Many citizens got ____ (infect) because of polluted drinking water. 答案：infected 考点串讲 词汇精讲 9. intervene /ˌɪntəˈvenʃn/ n. 干预；介入 情景导学 Quick intervention stopped the spread of the virus. 快速的干预阻止了病毒传播。 用法归纳 ① intervene in sth. 介入某事 词汇拓展 intervene vi. 干预 即时训练 The government intervened ____ the public health emergency. 答案：in 考点串讲 词汇精讲 10. proof /pruːf/ n. 证据；证明 情景导学 He found solid proof supporting his research framework. 他找到了支撑自己理论框架的确凿证据。 用法归纳 ①proof of sth. ……的证据 ②in proof of 作为……证明 词汇拓展 prove v. 证明 即时训练 There is no clear proof ____ he made the discovery. 答案：that 考点串讲 句型精讲 Sentence 1 译文：约翰·斯诺怀疑水泵是造成霍乱爆发的元凶。 ✅句子分析： 主句：John Snow suspected；that引导宾语从句；be to blame 固定结构（主动形式表被动含义）；for 引出动作对象。 原句：John Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame for the cholera outbreak. 考点串讲 句型精讲 Sentence 1 知识总结 易混辨析 1. suspect vt. 怀疑；suspect that… 认为/怀疑…… 2. be to blame (for sth) 应（为……）承担责任；该受责备（无被动！） 3. suspect sb of doing sth 怀疑某人做某事 blame sb for sth 因某事责备某人 blame sth on sb 把某事归咎于某人 be blamed for（错误表达，不能这样用）→必须用be to blame 即时训练 She said that the driver rather than the passengers ______(be) to blame for the accident. 答案：was 考点串讲 句型精讲 Sentence 2 译文：一旦理论得到证实，人们便拆掉水泵把手阻止传染病扩散。 ✅句子分析： Once引导时间状语从句（一旦……）；不定式to stop作目的状语；被动语态was proved。 原句：Once the theory was proved, people began to remove the handle of the water pump to stop the spread of infection. 考点串讲 句型精讲 Sentence 2 知识总结 易混辨析 1. once conj. 一旦（引导状语从句，主将从现） 2. prove vt. 证明；vi. 证明是（prove (to be)+adj./n.，无被动） prove vt. 人为去证明；turn out (to be) 最终结果证明（事情自然显现结果） 即时训练 ______(once) you have made a decision, you should stick to it.（词形变换） 答案：Once 考点串讲 句型精讲 Sentence 3 译文：与该理论相矛盾的一点是许多受害者并没有饮用这台水泵的水。 ✅句子分析： What引导主语从句作主语；that引导表语从句（表语从句that不省略，不作成分）；主系表复合句型。 原句：What contradicted the theory was that many victims had not drunk water from the pump. 考点串讲 句型精讲 Sentence 3 知识总结 易混辨析 主语从句 + be + that 表语从句 经典句型； contradictory adj. 相互矛盾的；contradict vt. 与……矛盾 contradict（事物、说法）互相冲突；oppose 人主动反对观点/计划 即时训练 ______ surprised the scientist was ______ the result contradicted his guess. A. What; that B. That; what C. What; what 答案：A 考点串讲 句型精讲 Sentence 4 译文：多亏了他的干预，这片街区的霍乱病例数量迅速下降。 ✅句子分析： thanks to介词短语作原因状语；the number of 作主语，谓语动词使用单数。 原句：Thanks to his intervention, the number of cholera cases decreased rapidly in the neighbourhood. 考点串讲 句型精讲 Sentence 4 知识总结 易混辨析 1. thanks to 多亏，由于（可褒可贬） 2. the number of +名词复数：……的数量（谓语单数） a number of +名词复数：许多（谓语复数） thanks to（介词短语）due to / owing to（归因于，多作表语/状语） 即时训练 A number of new methods ______(adopt), and the number of patients ______(drop). 答案：have been adopted; has dropped 考点串讲 句型精讲 Sentence 5 译文：他建立的理论框架转变了人们对于疾病传播方式的认知。 ✅句子分析： he built 省略关系代词that/which，是定语从句修饰framework；how引导宾语从句作of的宾语；transform sth 改变某物。 原句：The framework he built helped transform people’s understanding of how diseases spread. 考点串讲 句型精讲 Sentence 5 知识总结 易混辨析 transform vt. 使改观；transform A into B 把A转化为B；定语从句关系代词在从句作宾语可省略。 transform：彻底改变形态/认知；change：通用普通改变 即时训练 We want to transform the old house ______ a community science museum. 答案：into Unit 1 Science and Scientists 单元语法 人教版·选择性必修第二册 单元语法 表语从句 表语从句：在系动词之后，在主系表结构中充当表语，用于解释、说明主语具体内容。 ✅ 基础句型：主语 + 系动词 + 表语从句 常见系动词：be, become, seem, look, remain, sound, appear 一、引导词分类 1. that：无词义、不作从句成分，不可省略 例：The truth is that John Snow found the cause of cholera. 2. whether：含义“是否”，不作句子成分（表语从句不能用if替换whether） 例：The problem is whether we can stop the spread of the disease. 3. 连接副词（when/where/why/how）：在从句充当状语 例：This is how he proved his theory. 单元语法 表语从句 4. 连接代词（what/who/which）：从句充当主语/宾语/表语 例：What we need is what scientists keep exploring. 5. 特殊引导词：as if/as though / because That is because the water pump carried polluted water. ⚠️ 易错点： This is because...（这是因为……，解释原因）This is why...（这就是……的结果） 即时训练 判断下列句子从句类型，并划出表语从句。 1. The difficulty is that we lack enough data. 2. His doubt remains whether the method works. that we lack enough data；表语从句，作表语 whether the method works；表语从句 Unit 1 Science and Scientists 主题写作 人教版·选择性必修第二册 主题写作 主题解读&写作要点 ✍写作任务：An opinion essay about the scientific spirit 文体：议论文（观点类作文） 写作主题：谈谈什么是科学精神、科学家具备的品质；评价某位科学家；论述科学探索的意义 1. 明确论点：科学精神包含勇于质疑、坚持不懈、严谨求实、甘于奉献等品质 2. 使用John Snow、钱学森等课文人物事例作为论据 3. 合理使用表语从句（本单元核心语法） 4. 逻辑清晰：观点→论据→总结升华 主题写作 写作思路 议论文 开头段 中间段 结尾段 引入话题，亮出中心论点（科学精神推动人类进步） 分论点1+事例；分论点2+事例；论证支撑观点 总结观点；呼吁青年人传承科学精神 主题写作 写作素材 1. 议论文开头常用句式 (1) Nowadays, the spirit of science plays an important role in our society.如今，科学精神在社会中扮演重要角色。 (2) Different people hold different opinions about what scientific spirit really means.对于何为科学精神，人们看法不一。 (3) As far as I am concerned, the scientific spirit includes curiosity, perseverance and the courage to question.在我看来，科学精神包含求知、坚持与敢于质疑。 主题写作 写作素材 2. 议论文中间主体常用句式 (1) First and foremost, curiosity drives scientists to explore unknown areas.首先，好奇心驱使科学家探索未知。 (2) Furthermore, it takes continuous efforts and courage to face failures in scientific research.此外，科研需要持之以恒，勇于面对失败。 (3) Last but not least, true scientists dare to doubt existing theories and seek truth.最后，真正的科学家敢于质疑定论、追寻真理。 主题写作 写作素材 3. 议论文结尾常用句式 (1) In conclusion, we should carry forward the scientific spirit in our study and daily life.总而言之，我们应当在学习和生活中弘扬科学精神。 (2) Only with the scientific spirit can we make greater progress.唯有秉持科学精神，我们才能取得更大进步。 (3) It is high time that we developed good qualities of scientists from now on.我们应当从现在开始培养科学家的宝贵品质。 主题写作 写作模板 Dear readers, I am writing to share my opinions on the scientific spirit. In my opinion, the scientific spirit is priceless. Firstly, curiosity encourages us to ask questions and explore the unknown. Secondly, perseverance helps scientists stick to research even after countless failures. Furthermore, we should learn to think independently and never accept conclusions blindly. In conclusion, I believe that everyone can benefit a lot from carrying forward the scientific spirit. 主题写作 写作练习 谈谈什么是科学精神、当代青年如何发扬科学精神 Dear readers, I am writing to express my views concerning the scientific spirit. As far as I am concerned, the scientific spirit includes strong curiosity, rigorous attitude and continuous perseverance. On the one hand, we ought to keep curious about unknown things and raise questions bravely just like scientists. On the other hand, we must treat experiments and facts seriously instead of jumping to conclusions. In addition, it is necessary for us to learn from failures and keep exploring. In conclusion, the scientific spirit is the driving force for human progress. We teenagers should carry it forward. Yours, Li Hua Unit 1 Science and Scientists 综合训练 人教版·选择性必修第二册 综合训练 一、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词 1. A severe ______(霍乱) outbreak hit the city in the 19th century. 2. The evidence was ____________(相互矛盾的), so the scientist needed to do more experiments. 3. The ______(微生物) can cause infection if people do not wash hands. 4. We need to find enough ______(证据) to support the new theory. 5. Doctors are trying to find an effective _______(疫苗) against the virus. cholera contradictory germ proof vaccine 综合训练 二、单句语法填空 1. John Snow suspected ______ the polluted water led to the cholera outbreak. 2. Many scientists subscribed ______ the view that environment matters a lot. 3. The new data transformed people’s understanding ______ this disease. 4. Thanks ______ his research, people knew how to prevent cholera. 5. The _________(frustrate) scientist didn’t give up after several failures. that to of to frustrated 综合训练 三、短语填空（选用方框内短语适当形式） once and for all; subscribe to; blame…for; in charge of; break out 1. Nobody can ______ him ______ the mistake which was not his fault. 2. The scientist wanted to solve the puzzle ______________. 3. A big fire ________ in the lab last night. 4. Do you __________ the opinion that AI will change human life greatly? 5. He is ___________ the experiment in this research centre. blame for once and for all broke out subscribe to in charge of 人教版·选择性必修第二册 感谢聆听 $