精品解析：2024届湖南株洲市二中教育集团高三全真模拟英语考试

株洲市二中教育集团2024年高三全真模拟考试 英语试题 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例如: How much is the shirt? A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15. 答案是C。 1. What is the woman dissatisfied with about the house? A. Its location. B. Its size. C. Its price. 2. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A boring TV series. B. A pop song. C. A well-known star. 3. Why will the woman set up a drama club? A. To improve students’ English-speaking abilities. B. To create more opportunities for drama lovers. C. To make new friends with the same interest. 4. How does the woman probably sound in the end? A. Angry. B. Confused. C. Awkward. 5. What does the man take pleasure in doing? A. Taking pictures. B. Watching movies. C. Reading books. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man remind the woman to take? A. Umbrellas. B. Warm clothes. C. A tent. 7. How does the woman feel about the man? A. He’s helpful. B. He’s efficient. C. He’s inconsiderate. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. How did Eric get hurt? A. He got hit by a ladder. B. He tripped over a rock. C. He fell from the height. 9. Which part of Eric’s body got injured? A. His arm. B. His ankle. C. His head. 10. What does the woman ask the man to do next? A. Lift Eric onto the bed. B. Apply ice to the injured part. C. Send Eric to the hospital for an X-ray. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What time is it now? A. 4:30. B. 8:45. C. 9:15. 12. Where does the conversation take place? A. In the hotel. B. In the watch shop. C. On the beach. 13. What does the man refuse to do? A. Water-ski and windsurf. B. Windsurf and dive. C. Sunbathe and dive. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What did the speakers’ mother do this morning? A. She wrote a note. B. She called her father. C. She cooked breakfast. 15. What is the woman? A. A student. B. A teacher. C. A store owner. 16. What does the woman offer to do? A. Take out the garbage. B. Clean the floor. C. Do the laundry. 17. How will the speakers go to the market? A. By bus. B. By car. C. On foot. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Who is the speaker probably talking to? A. College students. B. High school students. C. Primary school students. 19. What do the volunteers have to do? A. Introduce some good learning methods. B. Be familiar with the history of the school. C. Live on campus during the summer camp. 20. How can the listeners sign up to be the volunteers? A. By making a phone call. B. By going to the Student Union office. C. By filling in the form on the official website. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The social purpose of the copyright system is to encourage creativity and the advancement of knowledge by giving those who make intellectual (智力的) contributions a “unique right to their writings and discoveries” for limited times. Protection is provided for a much longer time for copyrights than for patents. The U.S. Copyright Law of 1976 provides a term or the lifetime of the author plus 50 years. It recognizes that the value of written works often extends over a longer time than that of technological advances in the public area. It is essential to register for formal copyright protection in order to have some degree of protection against the copyright of one’s works by others. The procedure for obtaining a copyright registration is quite simple—an application is submitted with a small fee and two copies of the work. No examination is made, and the copyright is immediately in force. The Copyright Office will provide on request a variety of leaflets (小册子) describing the procedure and giving information about the classes of subject matter that can be registered. Those are subject to protection: (1) Books and newspapers (2) Lectures (3) Dramatic compositions (4) Films (5) Maps (6) Works of ant (7) Sound recordings (8) Photographs (9) Prints and labels (10) Musical compositions Those are not subject to protection: (1) Ideas (2) Systems, methods and plans (3) Government publications (4) Laws and opinions of courts You can contact the Copyright Office (wwcoprightfice.org) for more information. 1. In which aspect do copyrights differ from patents? A. The application fee. B. The duration of protection. C. The intellectual value. D. The contribution to society. 2. Which of the following should you provide for copyright registration? A. Copies of your work. B. Photos of yourself. C. Introductory leaflets. D. Examination certificates. 3. According to the text, the Copyright Office may reject ______. A. a movie about a new method of time travel B. an original musical composition for children C. a book about one’s opinions on American laws D. an official document issued by the local county B Courage is a huge theme in my life, a quality I constantly seek, appreciate, and analyze. The root of “courage” is “cor,” the Latin word for heart. In the beginning, courage meant “to speak one’s mind by telling all one’s heart.” While courage is often associated with heroism nowadays, I believe true courage lies in being open and honest about who we are and how we feel. I recently witnessed an example of true courage. During a mountain-climbing trip with my 15-year-old daughter and some college students, I noticed her struggling to keep up with the group. Despite my suggestions to rest, she persisted until she couldn’t breathe properly. Panicked, I called out to the front for help, but there was no response, and we had no cellphone signal. Fortunately, two students just came back to check out on us. They offered assistance and calmed us down. As we continued at a slower pace, they shared their own experiences, from starting out as beginners like my daughter to becoming consistently among the first to reach the peak. “You know,” one of them said, looking at my daughter, “I was just like you when I started. But with practice and proper pace, you’ll get there too.” “Yeah, don’t let your lack of experience stop you,” the other added. “It’s okay to admit when you’re struggling or not feeling alright. In fact, it’s important to speak up and ask for help when you need it. That’s how we improve and grow.” Reaching the mountain top was a huge relief for both my daughter and me. However, the two students addressed the celebrating group directly, emphasizing the importance of staying together in tough environments. Their words led the group to apologize to us for overlooking our struggle. I was totally amazed at their bravery, and my daughter learned that it’s okay to be the least experienced in a group. Courage, I’ve come to realize, has a ripple effect. Each time we choose courage, we inspire those around us to be a little braver and make the world a little better. 4. Why does the author mention the original meaning of courage? A. To question the common belief of courage. B. To argue for the true nature of courage. C. To show the changing meaning of courage. D. To compare different interpretations of courage. 5. What did the two students suggest the daughter do? A. Keep to a suitable pace. B. Seek help whenever possible. C. Challenge her own limits. D. Stick with experienced climbers. 6. Which action in the mountain-climbing story is an example of true courage? A. The mother asked the girl to rest. B. The girl tried hard not to fall behind. C. The two students pointed out the group’s fault. D. The group celebrated the reach of the mountain top. 7. What does the author intend to tell us? A. Kindness connects us all. B. Being a beginner takes courage. C. We don’t have to be a hero to be brave. D. With courage, everyone can be perfect. C Rich countries are racing to dematerialize payments. They need to do more to prepare for the side effects. For the past 3,000 years, when people thought of money they thought of cash. Now, however, digital payments have taken off. Now this revolution is about turning cash into an endangered species in some rich economies. That will make the economy more efficient — but it also causes new problems that could hold back the transition (转型) . Countries are removing cash at varying speeds. In Sweden, the number of retail (零售) cash transactions per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years. America is perhaps a decade behind. Outside the rich world, cash is still king. But even there its leading role is being challenged. In China digital payments rose from 24% of all payments in 2017 to 56% in 2022. Cash is dying out because of two forces. One is demand — younger consumers want payment systems that plug easily into their digital lives. But what’s equally important is that suppliers such as banks and tech firms are developing fast, easy-to-use payment technologies from which they can pull data and pocket fees. There is a high cost of running the infrastructure (基础设施) behind the cash economy — ATMs, vans carrying notes, and tellers who accept coins. Most financial firms are keen to abandon it, or discourage old-fashioned customers with heavy fees. In the main, the prospect of a cashless economy is excellent news. When payment is dematerialized, people and shops are less open to theft. It also creates a credit history, helping consumers borrow. Yet set against these benefits are a couple of worries. Electronic payment systems may risk technical failures, power failures and cyberattacks. In a cashless economy, the poor, the elderly and countrymen may be left behind. 8. What are some rich countries trying to do? A. Develop their infrastructure. B. Get rid of the side effects of cash. C. Make cash an endangered species. D. Promote payment without paper money. 9. Why are several countries mentioned in Paragraph 3? A. To show that cash is still king across the world. B. To show digital payments are becoming an unstoppable trend. C. To show the differences between rich countries and poor countries. D. To show China is developing faster than rich countries in digital payment. 10. Why is cash disappearing to a great degree? A. The infrastructure is developing at a high speed. B. Financial firms want to abandon old-fashioned customers. C. Suppliers are trying to reduce costs and obtain money and data. D. Younger consumers are short of money to live their digital lives. 11. What’s the author’s attitude toward digitalized payment? A. Favorable. B. Negative. C. Objective. D. Unclear. D According to a new study published in the journal Science, rats, like humans, can use their brains to imagine walking to a new location or moving a virtual item to a new place, even when they are physically sitting still. Scientists think much of the human imagination is controlled by the hippocampus (海马体), a region of the brain that plays a role in memory and learning, which makes humans able to navigate (导航) an environment using just their thoughts. The hippocampus is also involved in rats’ spatial memory. But researchers have long wondered whether rats can navigate an environment like humans can. The problem, until now, was finding a way to test that. For the new experiment, scientists spent years developing virtual reality for rats — a brain machine that could help them answer this question. First, they implanted electrodes (电极) into the animals’ brains to record activity in their hippocampus. Then, they put the animals just on a ball-shaped running machine and supported them with a 360-degree screen showing a virtual reality environment. As the rats ran on the running machine, they moved through the virtual environment in the screen. Researchers trained them to navigate to specific areas by rewarding them with a bit of sugar water. In another part of the experiment, they severed the running machine, leaving the rats to navigate the virtual reality environment using only their minds. In this task, the brain machine translated the animals’ brain activity into motion on the screen. When the rats recreated the hippocampus activity associated with a specific location, the screen jumped to that site, where the rats got a reward. Three of the four rats tested were able to navigate the virtual reality tasks, according to The Washington Post. Together, the findings indicate rats can mentally navigate environments they’ve visited in the past, just like humans do. Rats can also, it seems, hold their thoughts on a specific location for several seconds. 12. What once confused the scientists before the experiment? A. How rats’ hippocampus work. B. The location of rats’ hippocampus. C. The structure of rats’ hippocampus. D. Whether rats have the ability to navigate. 13. What does the underlined word “severed” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Showed off. B. Switched off. C. Turned on. D. Gave away. 14. What can we conclude from the findings? A. The rats can go somewhere by memory. B. The rats can focus their minds for a long time. C. The rats can translate the brain activity into motion. D. The rats can imagine something they’ve never seen. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Rats Can Use Imagination As Well As Humans Do B. Scientists Used Brain Machine to Test Rats’ Imagination C. Rats Can Use Imagination to Navigate in Virtual Reality D. Scientists Invented a Machine That Creates Virtual Reality 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Why is it that when you have the most to do you feel the least able to act? This sense of helplessness always seems to set in when you have a dozen things on your list, all equally pressing. ____16____ These expert tips can help you deal with it and put you back in control of all things. Minimize the elephant task. You need to turn down your stress levels. Try taking a few deep breaths. If it’s a discouraging task that’s causing you to feel depressed, the advice is to break it into tiny steps. It’s like that old saying: How do you eat an elephant? ____17____ These steps should be quite small. The measuring stick is that your task should be so small that you feel no resistance. The steps also need to be concrete, restricting you to a time, location and duration when you’ll get a certain thing done. Take some of the pressure off, too, by telling yourself it’s OK if you do a bad job. ____18____ Encourage yourself. For an overwhelming (巨大的) list of lots of little to-dos, the key is to start strategically. ____19____ However, another option is to begin with the most enjoyable task. “We’re so focused on what should be done that we forget sometimes there are some wants in our heart, and following that can be very refreshing,” Dr Hendriksen said. “If all this has to get done, then I might as well approach the one where I feel the least resistance.” Encouraging yourself can also help complete that task you really don’t want to do. If there’s an email you need to send that you keep putting off, promise yourself ten guilt-free minutes of Internet celebrity gossip (闲言碎语) afterward. ____20____ “You use something you like to do to reward something you don’t like to do,” Dr Hendriksen said. “That has been around for 50 years and it’s a very successful technique.” A. One bite at a time. B. Thus, you have no choice but to give up. C. What do you feed an elephant in the zoo? D. You could do the most important thing first. E. Therefore, you’re stuck in how to even begin. F. Or pair a pleasant task with an unpleasant one. G. You can always come back and improve on it later. 第三部分 语音运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Borneo is home to some of the most extraordinary wildlife. Several years ago, I decided to go there for a visit. A local person offered to be my guide, which was a great bonus for me. One day, my guide turned off the smooth road and took me across a ____21____ hillside instead. We picked our way carefully when ____22____ a charming flower popped into my view among those stones. Oh, dear! More than ____23____ , I bent down and put my nose practically inside the flower’s core. ____24____ , to my surprise, it was only one of the ____25____ during the trip. As I ____26____ the end of my trip, there was still something I had yet to see. We planned to ____27____ most feared creature there, the saltwater crocodile, which can grow to a ____28____ of 6 meters or more. When we shone a flashlight towards the muddy shore, little sounds ____29____ in the darkness as if something unseen underwater had broken the _____30_____ . Taking a second look, we spotted two greedy _____31_____ just above the water line. As we drew near, it _____32_____ and we saw clearly it was a crocodile. With great caution, we neared it and finally could _____33_____ its true dimensions. It was a baby — no more than 0.6 meter long. Aha, whatever, I could now report to the _____34_____ back home, who had never been to Borneo, that I had _____35_____ a hungry crocodile in the wild and lived to tell the tale. 21. A. rolling B. spectacular C. rough D. breathtaking 22. A. suddenly B. literally C. definitely D. ultimately 23. A. alarmed B. pleased C. concerned D. upset 24. A. Nevertheless B. Besides C. Instead D. Therefore 25. A. desires B. motivations C. destinations D. highlights 26. A. summarized B. suspected C. approached D. valued 27. A. hold onto B. pick up C. reflect on D. hunt for 28. A. width B. length C. height D. size 29. A. emerged B. paused C. continued D. declined 30. A. mud B. surface C. ground D. shore 31. A. legs B. mouths C. eyes D. teeth 32. A. moved B. sank C. hid D. escaped 33. A. give out B. let out C. turn out D. make out 34. A. victims B. opponents C. folks D. guides 35. A. challenged B. encountered C. terrified D. chased 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 After over a decade of cooperation with Chinese people and companies, Klaus-Dieter Merz from Germany has gained confidence in the ____36____ (country) scientific and technological development level. Since 2012, he has been a chief expert at Hebei ALLGRAND Battery Company, ____37____ (devote) himself to cooperative research and technical exchange in developing new batteries for Sino-German markets. Merz has more than 30 years of experience in battery technology and is a ____38____ (global) celebrated electrochemistry expert ____39____ research areas include electrochemistry, battery production and energy engineering. In 2012, Merz ____40____ (appoint) as chief expert at the company. Over the next 12 years, he made multiple annual ____41____ (journey) between Germany and China. He recalled that a decade ago, there was a gap between China and the West in terms ____42____ enterprise production, technological level and societal conditions. But what he saw ____43____ (be) the unlimited development potential of China. He developed a new generation of large tubular high-performance lithium batteries with high energy density, long cycle life ____44____ a wide operating temperature range, filling the gap in this field in China. Merz is optimistic about the future of the new energy project with his Chinese partner. During the past 12 years, China’s rapid development in all aspects and its preserved traditional culture have opened new windows for Merz ____45____ (understand) the country. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是学生会主席李华，学校计划在6月20日举行毕业晚会，请你写一封邮件邀请外教Ryan参加，内容包括： 1. 写信目的； 2. 活动安排； 3. 询问对方意向。 注意： 1. 词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Ryan, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The Secret of Flowers Lucy worked with her mother in their vegetable garden every day. The produce from their garden was sold at the farmer’s market. They worked hard to make ends meet. Lucy’s job was to make sure the vegetables were never too dry. Each day Lucy would push her fingers into the soil to test for wetness, and then carefully water the vegetables so they would be healthy and ready for market. Lucy often pretended the plants she tended were roses, like Mrs. White’s prize flowers. Mrs. White made money by selling flowers and won the first prize at the Rose Festival every year. Other competitors whispered that Mrs. White used magic to grow her roses. How else could she win the first prize twenty years in a row? Lucy admired Mrs. White. If she could sell flowers like her, she would be able to buy things for her mother. But roses were expensive to start, and Lucy could only dream about growing them. One day, Lucy visited Mrs. White to see her flowers. Mrs. White was inspecting her roses when she arrived. The garden of flowers springing up thrilled Lucy. She greeted warmly, “Mrs. White, I come to see your flowers. I wish I could grow beautiful roses and win a prize at the festival like you.” “Child, do you know what’s required to grow such flowers? The secret of growing prize roses has been passed down to me from past generations of my family.” Mrs. White laughed. Noticing the sad look on Lucy’s face, Mrs. White pulled up what looked like a weed. “What’s that?” Lucy asked. “A shabby plant. Unworthy of my time — too weak to bother with. If you can turn it into a strong and healthy rose, I’ll pass on what I know to you.” Mrs. White said before handing the small plant to Lucy. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Lucy took the shabby plant home. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Lucy attended the Rose Festival after being instructed by Mrs. White. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 株洲市二中教育集团2024年高三全真模拟考试 英语试题 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例如: How much is the shirt? A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15. 答案是C。 1. What is the woman dissatisfied with about the house? A. Its location. B. Its size. C. Its price. 2. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A boring TV series. B. A pop song. C. A well-known star. 3. Why will the woman set up a drama club? A. To improve students’ English-speaking abilities. B. To create more opportunities for drama lovers. C. To make new friends with the same interest. 4. How does the woman probably sound in the end? A. Angry. B. Confused. C. Awkward. 5. What does the man take pleasure in doing? A. Taking pictures. B. Watching movies. C. Reading books. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man remind the woman to take? A. Umbrellas. B. Warm clothes. C. A tent. 7. How does the woman feel about the man? A. He’s helpful. B. He’s efficient. C. He’s inconsiderate. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. How did Eric get hurt? A. He got hit by a ladder. B. He tripped over a rock. C. He fell from the height. 9. Which part of Eric’s body got injured? A. His arm. B. His ankle. C. His head. 10. What does the woman ask the man to do next? A. Lift Eric onto the bed. B. Apply ice to the injured part. C. Send Eric to the hospital for an X-ray. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What time is it now? A. 4:30. B. 8:45. C. 9:15. 12. Where does the conversation take place? A. In the hotel. B. In the watch shop. C. On the beach. 13. What does the man refuse to do? A. Water-ski and windsurf. B. Windsurf and dive. C. Sunbathe and dive. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What did the speakers’ mother do this morning? A. She wrote a note. B. She called her father. C. She cooked breakfast. 15. What is the woman? A. A student. B. A teacher. C. A store owner. 16. What does the woman offer to do? A. Take out the garbage. B. Clean the floor. C. Do the laundry. 17. How will the speakers go to the market? A. By bus. B. By car. C. On foot. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Who is the speaker probably talking to? A. College students. B. High school students. C. Primary school students. 19. What do the volunteers have to do? A. Introduce some good learning methods. B. Be familiar with the history of the school. C. Live on campus during the summer camp. 20. How can the listeners sign up to be the volunteers? A. By making a phone call. B. By going to the Student Union office. C. By filling in the form on the official website. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The social purpose of the copyright system is to encourage creativity and the advancement of knowledge by giving those who make intellectual (智力的) contributions a “unique right to their writings and discoveries” for limited times. Protection is provided for a much longer time for copyrights than for patents. The U.S. Copyright Law of 1976 provides a term or the lifetime of the author plus 50 years. It recognizes that the value of written works often extends over a longer time than that of technological advances in the public area. It is essential to register for formal copyright protection in order to have some degree of protection against the copyright of one’s works by others. The procedure for obtaining a copyright registration is quite simple—an application is submitted with a small fee and two copies of the work. No examination is made, and the copyright is immediately in force. The Copyright Office will provide on request a variety of leaflets (小册子) describing the procedure and giving information about the classes of subject matter that can be registered. Those are subject to protection: (1) Books and newspapers (2) Lectures (3) Dramatic compositions (4) Films (5) Maps (6) Works of ant (7) Sound recordings (8) Photographs (9) Prints and labels (10) Musical compositions Those are not subject to protection: (1) Ideas (2) Systems, methods and plans (3) Government publications (4) Laws and opinions of courts You can contact the Copyright Office (wwcoprightfice.org) for more information. 1. In which aspect do copyrights differ from patents? A. The application fee. B. The duration of protection. C. The intellectual value. D. The contribution to society. 2. Which of the following should you provide for copyright registration? A. Copies of your work. B. Photos of yourself. C. Introductory leaflets. D. Examination certificates. 3. According to the text, the Copyright Office may reject ______. A. a movie about a new method of time travel B. an original musical composition for children C. a book about one’s opinions on American laws D. an official document issued by the local county 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是版权制度，获得版权注册的程序和版权局接受和不接受的东西。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Protection is provided for a much longer time for copyrights than for patents.(版权的保护期比专利的保护期长得多。)”可知，版权和专利的保护期限不同，故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The procedure for obtaining a copyright registration is quite simple—an application is submitted with a small fee and two copies of the work.(获得版权注册的程序非常简单——提交申请，只需支付少量费用和两份作品副本。)”可知，你应提供你作品的副本来作版权登记，故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据Those are not subject to protection:部分的“Government publications(政府出版物)”可知，版权局可能会拒绝当地县政府发布的官方文件，故选D。 B Courage is a huge theme in my life, a quality I constantly seek, appreciate, and analyze. The root of “courage” is “cor,” the Latin word for heart. In the beginning, courage meant “to speak one’s mind by telling all one’s heart.” While courage is often associated with heroism nowadays, I believe true courage lies in being open and honest about who we are and how we feel. I recently witnessed an example of true courage. During a mountain-climbing trip with my 15-year-old daughter and some college students, I noticed her struggling to keep up with the group. Despite my suggestions to rest, she persisted until she couldn’t breathe properly. Panicked, I called out to the front for help, but there was no response, and we had no cellphone signal. Fortunately, two students just came back to check out on us. They offered assistance and calmed us down. As we continued at a slower pace, they shared their own experiences, from starting out as beginners like my daughter to becoming consistently among the first to reach the peak. “You know,” one of them said, looking at my daughter, “I was just like you when I started. But with practice and proper pace, you’ll get there too.” “Yeah, don’t let your lack of experience stop you,” the other added. “It’s okay to admit when you’re struggling or not feeling alright. In fact, it’s important to speak up and ask for help when you need it. That’s how we improve and grow.” Reaching the mountain top was a huge relief for both my daughter and me. However, the two students addressed the celebrating group directly, emphasizing the importance of staying together in tough environments. Their words led the group to apologize to us for overlooking our struggle. I was totally amazed at their bravery, and my daughter learned that it’s okay to be the least experienced in a group. Courage, I’ve come to realize, has a ripple effect. Each time we choose courage, we inspire those around us to be a little braver and make the world a little better. 4. Why does the author mention the original meaning of courage? A. To question the common belief of courage. B. To argue for the true nature of courage. C. To show the changing meaning of courage. D. To compare different interpretations of courage. 5. What did the two students suggest the daughter do? A. Keep to a suitable pace. B. Seek help whenever possible. C. Challenge her own limits. D. Stick with experienced climbers. 6. Which action in the mountain-climbing story is an example of true courage? A. The mother asked the girl to rest. B. The girl tried hard not to fall behind. C. The two students pointed out the group’s fault. D. The group celebrated the reach of the mountain top. 7. What does the author intend to tell us? A. Kindness connects us all. B. Being a beginner takes courage. C. We don’t have to be a hero to be brave. D. With courage, everyone can be perfect. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者和女儿在登山过程中遇到困难，两位学生的帮助和鼓励，以及他们的勇气对团队产生的影响。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“In the beginning, courage meant “to speak one’s mind by telling all one’s heart.” While courage is often associated with heroism nowadays, I believe true courage lies in being open and honest about who we are and how we feel.”（在开始，勇气意味着“说出自己的想法，表达自己的心声”。虽然现在勇气常常与英雄主义联系在一起，但我相信真正的勇气在于对我们是谁，我们的感受开放和诚实。）可推知，作者提到勇气的原始含义是为了论证勇气的真正本质，故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“ But with practice and proper pace, you’ll get there too.”” (但是通过练习和适当的节奏，你也能做到。”)以及第六段““Yeah, don’t let your lack of experience stop you,” the other added. “It’s okay to admit when you’re struggling or not feeling alright. In fact, it’s important to speak up and ask for help when you need it. That’s how we improve and grow.””（“是的，不要让你的经验不足阻止你，”另一个人补充道。“当你在挣扎或感觉不舒服时，承认是可以的。事实上，当你需要帮助时，大声说出来并寻求帮助是很重要的。这就是我们进步和成长的方式。”）可推知，两位学生建议保持适当的步伐，还建议在必要时寻求帮助。因此“保持合适的速度，与他们所说的是一致的。B项“只要有可能就寻求帮助”有点极端，因为他们说的是“当你需要的时候”，而不是“只要有可能”。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第七段“Their words led the group to apologize to us for overlooking our struggle.”（他们的话让团队为忽视我们的困难向我们道歉。）可推知，两位学生指出团队的错误是真正的勇气的体现，故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“  Courage, I’ve come to realize, has a ripple effect. Each time we choose courage, we inspire those around us to be a little braver and make the world a little better.”（我已经意识到，勇气有连锁反应。每次我们选择勇气，我们都会激励周围的人变得更勇敢，使世界变得更好。）可推知，作者想要告诉我们不一定要成为英雄才能勇敢。故选C。 C Rich countries are racing to dematerialize payments. They need to do more to prepare for the side effects. For the past 3,000 years, when people thought of money they thought of cash. Now, however, digital payments have taken off. Now this revolution is about turning cash into an endangered species in some rich economies. That will make the economy more efficient — but it also causes new problems that could hold back the transition (转型) . Countries are removing cash at varying speeds. In Sweden, the number of retail (零售) cash transactions per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years. America is perhaps a decade behind. Outside the rich world, cash is still king. But even there its leading role is being challenged. In China digital payments rose from 24% of all payments in 2017 to 56% in 2022. Cash is dying out because of two forces. One is demand — younger consumers want payment systems that plug easily into their digital lives. But what’s equally important is that suppliers such as banks and tech firms are developing fast, easy-to-use payment technologies from which they can pull data and pocket fees. There is a high cost of running the infrastructure (基础设施) behind the cash economy — ATMs, vans carrying notes, and tellers who accept coins. Most financial firms are keen to abandon it, or discourage old-fashioned customers with heavy fees. In the main, the prospect of a cashless economy is excellent news. When payment is dematerialized, people and shops are less open to theft. It also creates a credit history, helping consumers borrow. Yet set against these benefits are a couple of worries. Electronic payment systems may risk technical failures, power failures and cyberattacks. In a cashless economy, the poor, the elderly and countrymen may be left behind. 8. What are some rich countries trying to do? A. Develop their infrastructure. B. Get rid of the side effects of cash. C. Make cash an endangered species. D. Promote payment without paper money. 9. Why are several countries mentioned in Paragraph 3? A. To show that cash is still king across the world. B. To show digital payments are becoming an unstoppable trend. C. To show the differences between rich countries and poor countries. D. To show China is developing faster than rich countries in digital payment. 10. Why is cash disappearing to a great degree? A. The infrastructure is developing at a high speed. B. Financial firms want to abandon old-fashioned customers. C. Suppliers are trying to reduce costs and obtain money and data. D. Younger consumers are short of money to live their digital lives. 11. What’s the author’s attitude toward digitalized payment? A. Favorable. B. Negative. C. Objective. D. Unclear. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了部分国家正在减少现金支付，推广电子支付方式。无现金经济时代即将到来是个好消息，但是人们对于电子支付仍有一些担忧。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Rich countries are racing to dematerialize payments. (富裕国家正在竞相实现支付非物质化。)”可知，富裕国家正努力减少现金的使用，推广不用纸币的电子支付方式。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Countries are removing cash at varying speeds. In Sweden, the number of retail (零售) cash transactions per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years. (各国正在以不同的速度减少现金使用。在瑞典，过去十年间人均零售现金交易量下降了80%。)”可知，本段旨在说明各国都在减少现金使用，接下来以瑞典的数据来说明现金交易量的减少。再根据最后一句“In China digital payments rose from 24% of all payments in 2017 to 56% in 2022. (在中国，数字支付从2017年占所有支付的24%上升到2022年的56%)”可知，中国数字支付占比大幅增加，这些数据共同说明电子支付正在全球范围内成为不可阻挡的趋势。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“But what’s equally important is that suppliers such as banks and tech firms are developing fast, easy-to-use payment technologies from which they can pull data and pocket fees. There is a high cost of running the infrastructure (基础设施) behind the cash economy — ATMs, vans carrying notes, and tellers who accept coins. (但同样重要的是，银行和科技公司等供应商正在开发快速、易用的支付技术，从中他们可以提取数据并收取费用。运行现金经济背后的基础设施——自动取款机、运钞车和接受硬币的出纳员——成本很高。)”可知，现金消亡的原因之一是供应商为了降低基础设施运行成本并从新支付技术中获取数据和费用而大力推广电子支付。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文尤其是最后一段“In the main, the prospect of a cashless economy is excellent news. When payment is dematerialized, people and shops are less open to theft. It also creates a credit history, helping consumers borrow. Yet set against these benefits are a couple of worries. Electronic payment systems may risk technical failures, power failures and cyberattacks. In a cashless economy, the poor, the elderly and countrymen may be left behind.(总的来说，无现金经济的前景是个大好消息。支付实现非实物化之后，个人和商铺遭遇盗窃的风险会降低。同时它还能生成信用记录，方便消费者借贷。不过，在这些利好之外，也存在一些隐患。电子支付系统可能面临技术故障、断电以及网络攻击的风险。在无现金经济环境下，穷人、老年人以及农村居民可能会被时代抛下。)”可知，作者在最后一段的前三句话，指出了电子支付的好处，包括盗窃事件不易发生、创建信用记录，帮助消费者借贷。后三句则指出了电子支付存在的风险和问题，包括技术故障、停电和网络攻击的风险，穷人、老年人和乡村居民可能会被落下。既提到优点也指出缺点，没有偏向任何一方，因此作者的态度是客观的。 D According to a new study published in the journal Science, rats, like humans, can use their brains to imagine walking to a new location or moving a virtual item to a new place, even when they are physically sitting still. Scientists think much of the human imagination is controlled by the hippocampus (海马体), a region of the brain that plays a role in memory and learning, which makes humans able to navigate (导航) an environment using just their thoughts. The hippocampus is also involved in rats’ spatial memory. But researchers have long wondered whether rats can navigate an environment like humans can. The problem, until now, was finding a way to test that. For the new experiment, scientists spent years developing virtual reality for rats — a brain machine that could help them answer this question. First, they implanted electrodes (电极) into the animals’ brains to record activity in their hippocampus. Then, they put the animals just on a ball-shaped running machine and supported them with a 360-degree screen showing a virtual reality environment. As the rats ran on the running machine, they moved through the virtual environment in the screen. Researchers trained them to navigate to specific areas by rewarding them with a bit of sugar water. In another part of the experiment, they severed the running machine, leaving the rats to navigate the virtual reality environment using only their minds. In this task, the brain machine translated the animals’ brain activity into motion on the screen. When the rats recreated the hippocampus activity associated with a specific location, the screen jumped to that site, where the rats got a reward. Three of the four rats tested were able to navigate the virtual reality tasks, according to The Washington Post. Together, the findings indicate rats can mentally navigate environments they’ve visited in the past, just like humans do. Rats can also, it seems, hold their thoughts on a specific location for several seconds. 12. What once confused the scientists before the experiment? A. How rats’ hippocampus work. B. The location of rats’ hippocampus. C. The structure of rats’ hippocampus. D. Whether rats have the ability to navigate. 13. What does the underlined word “severed” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Showed off. B. Switched off. C. Turned on. D. Gave away. 14. What can we conclude from the findings? A. The rats can go somewhere by memory. B. The rats can focus their minds for a long time. C. The rats can translate the brain activity into motion. D. The rats can imagine something they’ve never seen. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Rats Can Use Imagination As Well As Humans Do B. Scientists Used Brain Machine to Test Rats’ Imagination C. Rats Can Use Imagination to Navigate in Virtual Reality D. Scientists Invented a Machine That Creates Virtual Reality 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍一项发表在《科学》杂志上的新研究，实验证明老鼠和人类一样，可以依靠大脑想象，在虚拟现实中凭借思维完成环境导航。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第二段“But researchers have long wondered whether rats can navigate an environment like humans can.(但是研究人员一直想知道老鼠是否能够像人类一样对环境进行导航。)”可知，在实验之前困扰科学家的问题是老鼠是否具备导航的能力。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据原文第四段“As the rats ran on the running machine, they moved through the virtual environment in the screen.(当老鼠在跑步机上奔跑时，它们就在屏幕的虚拟环境中移动。)”以及“In another part of the experiment, they severed the running machine, leaving the rats to navigate the virtual reality environment using only their minds.(在实验的另一部分，他们severed跑步机，让老鼠只依靠大脑思维来导航虚拟现实环境。)”可知，前后实验形成对比，前一组老鼠依靠跑步机跑动操控虚拟场景，后一组不再使用跑步机，只靠思维。由此推断severed表示“关闭”。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据原文第五段“Together, the findings indicate rats can mentally navigate environments they’ve visited in the past, just like humans do.(总而言之，这些研究结果表明老鼠可以像人类一样，在脑海中对它们曾经去过的环境进行导航。)”可知，老鼠能够凭借记忆去往某些地方。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据原文第一段“According to a new study published in the journal Science, rats, like humans, can use their brains to imagine walking to a new location or moving a virtual item to a new place, even when they are physically sitting still.(根据发表在《科学》期刊上的一项新研究，老鼠和人类一样，即便身体保持静止，也可以用大脑想象走到新地点或者把虚拟物品移动到新位置。)”以及全文实验内容可知，实验证明老鼠和人类一样，可以依靠大脑想象，在虚拟现实中凭借思维完成环境导航。故本文最佳标题是“老鼠可以运用想象力在虚拟现实中导航”。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Why is it that when you have the most to do you feel the least able to act? This sense of helplessness always seems to set in when you have a dozen things on your list, all equally pressing. ____16____ These expert tips can help you deal with it and put you back in control of all things. Minimize the elephant task. You need to turn down your stress levels. Try taking a few deep breaths. If it’s a discouraging task that’s causing you to feel depressed, the advice is to break it into tiny steps. It’s like that old saying: How do you eat an elephant? ____17____ These steps should be quite small. The measuring stick is that your task should be so small that you feel no resistance. The steps also need to be concrete, restricting you to a time, location and duration when you’ll get a certain thing done. Take some of the pressure off, too, by telling yourself it’s OK if you do a bad job. ____18____ Encourage yourself. For an overwhelming (巨大的) list of lots of little to-dos, the key is to start strategically. ____19____ However, another option is to begin with the most enjoyable task. “We’re so focused on what should be done that we forget sometimes there are some wants in our heart, and following that can be very refreshing,” Dr Hendriksen said. “If all this has to get done, then I might as well approach the one where I feel the least resistance.” Encouraging yourself can also help complete that task you really don’t want to do. If there’s an email you need to send that you keep putting off, promise yourself ten guilt-free minutes of Internet celebrity gossip (闲言碎语) afterward. ____20____ “You use something you like to do to reward something you don’t like to do,” Dr Hendriksen said. “That has been around for 50 years and it’s a very successful technique.” A. One bite at a time. B. Thus, you have no choice but to give up. C. What do you feed an elephant in the zoo? D. You could do the most important thing first. E. Therefore, you’re stuck in how to even begin. F. Or pair a pleasant task with an unpleasant one. G. You can always come back and improve on it later. 【答案】16. E 17. A 18. G 19. D 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文围绕人们任务繁多时无从下手、行动力缺失的心理困境展开，介绍了拆分繁重任务、自我鼓励、巧用奖励机制等科学可行的方法，帮助人们缓解压力、高效完成待办事项。 【16题详解】 上文“Why is it that when you have the most to do you feel the least able to act? This sense of helplessness always seems to set in when you have a dozen things on your list, all equally pressing.(为何事务繁重时，你反而感到最无力行动？当待办清单堆满多项紧急事务时，这种无力感总会如期而至。)”提出人们面对繁杂紧迫任务时的普遍困境。选项E“Therefore, you’re stuck in how to even begin.(因此，你会陷入不知如何着手的困境。)”承接上文，点明这种无力感带来的具体结果，自然引出下文专家给出的解决办法。 【17题详解】 上文“If it’s a discouraging task that’s causing you to feel depressed, the advice is to break it into tiny steps. It’s like that old saying: How do you eat an elephant?(如果一项艰巨的任务让你倍感沮丧，建议将其拆解为细小的步骤。正如一句老话所说：如何吃掉一头大象？)”提出拆分大任务的解题思路，并引用俗语设问。选项A“One bite at a time.(一口一口地吃。)”是该俗语的经典回答，对应“拆分步骤、逐步完成”的核心观点，与后文细化任务的内容高度契合。 【18题详解】 上文“Take some of the pressure off, too, by telling yourself it’s OK if you do a bad job.(告诉自己就算做得不好也没关系，也可以缓解自身压力。)”建议人们放下完美主义、减轻心理负担。选项G“You can always come back and improve on it later.(你随时可以回头完善、优化成果。)”承接上文，进一步宽慰读者，说明任务无需一次做到最好，进一步缓解焦虑，贴合本段减压做事的主旨。 【19题详解】 后文“However, another option is to begin with the most enjoyable task.(然而，还有一种方法是从最轻松愉悦的任务开始。)”通过转折词However引出第二种做事方式。选项D“You could do the most important thing first.(你可以优先完成最重要的事情。)”介绍第一种高效启动任务的方式，与后文的另一种方法形成并列对比，逻辑衔接紧密。 【20题详解】 上文“If there’s an email you need to send that you keep putting off, promise yourself ten guilt-free minutes of Internet celebrity gossip (闲言碎语) afterward.(如果你一直拖延发送邮件，可以承诺自己完成后，毫无负担地刷十分钟网红八卦。)”举例说明用喜欢的事激励自己完成不愿做的事。选项F“Or pair a pleasant task with an unpleasant one.(或者将愉悦的事情和枯燥的任务搭配进行。)”总结上文案例，提炼出任务搭配的核心方法，呼应后文的奖励式做事技巧。 第三部分 语音运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Borneo is home to some of the most extraordinary wildlife. Several years ago, I decided to go there for a visit. A local person offered to be my guide, which was a great bonus for me. One day, my guide turned off the smooth road and took me across a ____21____ hillside instead. We picked our way carefully when ____22____ a charming flower popped into my view among those stones. Oh, dear! More than ____23____ , I bent down and put my nose practically inside the flower’s core. ____24____ , to my surprise, it was only one of the ____25____ during the trip. As I ____26____ the end of my trip, there was still something I had yet to see. We planned to ____27____ most feared creature there, the saltwater crocodile, which can grow to a ____28____ of 6 meters or more. When we shone a flashlight towards the muddy shore, little sounds ____29____ in the darkness as if something unseen underwater had broken the _____30_____ . Taking a second look, we spotted two greedy _____31_____ just above the water line. As we drew near, it _____32_____ and we saw clearly it was a crocodile. With great caution, we neared it and finally could _____33_____ its true dimensions. It was a baby — no more than 0.6 meter long. Aha, whatever, I could now report to the _____34_____ back home, who had never been to Borneo, that I had _____35_____ a hungry crocodile in the wild and lived to tell the tale. 21. A. rolling B. spectacular C. rough D. breathtaking 22. A. suddenly B. literally C. definitely D. ultimately 23. A. alarmed B. pleased C. concerned D. upset 24. A. Nevertheless B. Besides C. Instead D. Therefore 25. A. desires B. motivations C. destinations D. highlights 26. A. summarized B. suspected C. approached D. valued 27. A. hold onto B. pick up C. reflect on D. hunt for 28. A. width B. length C. height D. size 29. A. emerged B. paused C. continued D. declined 30. A. mud B. surface C. ground D. shore 31. A. legs B. mouths C. eyes D. teeth 32. A. moved B. sank C. hid D. escaped 33. A. give out B. let out C. turn out D. make out 34. A. victims B. opponents C. folks D. guides 35. A. challenged B. encountered C. terrified D. chased 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者在婆罗洲的野外旅行经历，途中偶遇别致野花，在旅程尾声探寻当地最凶险的咸水鳄，最终见到一条幼年鳄鱼，收获了一段难忘的野外见闻。 【21题详解】 考查形容词。句意：一天，我的向导驶离平整的大路，反而带我穿过一片崎岖的山坡。A. rolling起伏的；B. spectacular壮观的；C. rough崎岖的；D. breathtaking惊艳的。根据上文“my guide turned off the smooth road”可知，向导舍弃平整大路，转入路况糟糕的山坡，rough表示崎岖不平，符合语境。 【22题详解】 考查副词。句意：我们小心翼翼地前行，这时一朵娇艳的花突然出现在乱石之间，映入我的眼帘。A. suddenly突然地；B. literally确实地；C. definitely绝对地；D. ultimately最终地。根据空后“a charming flower popped into my view among those stones”可知，野花毫无征兆映入眼帘，是突发的景象。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我欣喜不已，弯下腰，几乎把鼻子凑到了花蕊里面。A. alarmed惊恐的；B. pleased欣喜的；C. concerned担忧的；D. upset沮丧的。根据上文“a charming flower popped into my view among those stones”可知，作者意外见到漂亮的野花，内心十分欣喜。 【24题详解】 考查副词。句意：然而令我意外的是，这只是本次旅途中的精彩片段之一。A. Nevertheless然而、不过；B. Besides此外；C. Instead相反；D. Therefore因此。根据上文作者邂逅野花的美好经历和后文“it was only one of the 　 during the trip”可知，前文讲述美好瞬间，后文表明这只是众多精彩之一，前后为转折关系。 【25题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而令我意外的是，这只是本次旅途中的精彩片段之一。A. desires心愿；B. motivations动机；C. destinations目的地；D. highlights精彩片段。根据上文“to my surprise, it was only one of the”可知，邂逅野花只是旅途诸多精彩看点中的一个。 【26题详解】 考查动词。句意：当我的旅行临近尾声，我仍有一些事物尚未见识。A. summarized总结；B. suspected怀疑；C. approached临近、接近；D. valued珍视。根据下文“there was still something I had yet to see”可知，旅程快要结束时，作者依旧有未见过的新奇事物。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：我们计划去寻找当地最令人畏惧的生物——咸水鳄，这种咸水鳄可以长到6米甚至更长。A. hold onto坚持；B. pick up捡起；C. reflect on反思；D. hunt for寻找、搜寻。根据上文“there was still something I had yet to see”可知，旅行临近尾声，一行人打算寻找当地最可怕的咸水鳄。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：我们计划去寻找当地最令人畏惧的生物——咸水鳄，这种咸水鳄可以长到6米甚至更长。A. width宽度；B. length长度；C. height高度；D. size尺寸。根据空前“grow to”和空后“of 6 meters or more”可知，6米是形容鳄鱼身体的长度。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：当我们用手电筒照向泥泞的岸边，黑暗中出现细碎的声响，仿佛水下某个看不见的东西打破了水面的平静。A. emerged出现；B. paused暂停；C. continued继续；D. declined下降。根据下文“something unseen underwater had broken the 　 ”可知，水下生物活动，让黑暗中出现了细微声响。 【30题详解】 考查名词。句意：当我们用手电筒照向泥泞的岸边，黑暗中出现细碎的声响，仿佛水下某个看不见的生物打破了水面的平静。A. mud泥浆；B. surface水面、表面；C. ground地面；D. shore岸边。根据上文“little sounds 　 in the darkness”可知，水下生物活动，打破了原本平静的水面。 【31题详解】 考查名词。句意：再仔细一看，我们看见水线上方有两只贪婪的眼睛。A. legs腿；B. mouths嘴巴；C. eyes眼睛；D. teeth牙齿。根据上文“When we shone a flashlight towards the muddy shore”可知，黑夜手电照向水面，鳄鱼最先显露的是发亮的双眼。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：当我们靠近，它动了，我们清晰地看到那是一条鳄鱼。A. moved移动；B. sank下沉；C. hid躲藏；D. escaped逃离。根据上文“As we drew near”和下文“we saw clearly it was a crocodile”可知，人靠近时，水中生物出于警觉而发生移动，让作者一行人看清了它的真面目。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：我们极其谨慎地靠近它，最终看清了它真实的体型。A. give out分发；B. let out释放；C. turn out结果是；D. make out辨认出、看清。根据上文“we neared it”可知，一行人慢慢靠近，才得以看清、辨认出鳄鱼的真实体型。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：啊哈，不管怎样，我现在可以告诉家乡那些从未去过婆罗洲的人们，我曾在野外偶遇一条饥饿的鳄鱼，并且平安归来讲述这段经历。A. victims受害者；B. opponents对手；C. folks人们；D. guides向导。根据下文“back home, who had never been to Borneo”可知，此处指代家乡的普通民众。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：啊哈，不管怎样，我现在可以告诉家乡那些从未去过婆罗洲的人们，我曾在野外偶遇一条饥饿的鳄鱼，并且平安归来讲述这段经历。A. challenged挑战；B. encountered偶遇；C. terrified使恐惧；D. chased追逐。根据上文作者夜间探寻鳄鱼的经历可知，作者是在野外偶然遇见鳄鱼，并非主动挑衅或追逐。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 After over a decade of cooperation with Chinese people and companies, Klaus-Dieter Merz from Germany has gained confidence in the ____36____ (country) scientific and technological development level. Since 2012, he has been a chief expert at Hebei ALLGRAND Battery Company, ____37____ (devote) himself to cooperative research and technical exchange in developing new batteries for Sino-German markets. Merz has more than 30 years of experience in battery technology and is a ____38____ (global) celebrated electrochemistry expert ____39____ research areas include electrochemistry, battery production and energy engineering. In 2012, Merz ____40____ (appoint) as chief expert at the company. Over the next 12 years, he made multiple annual ____41____ (journey) between Germany and China. He recalled that a decade ago, there was a gap between China and the West in terms ____42____ enterprise production, technological level and societal conditions. But what he saw ____43____ (be) the unlimited development potential of China. He developed a new generation of large tubular high-performance lithium batteries with high energy density, long cycle life ____44____ a wide operating temperature range, filling the gap in this field in China. Merz is optimistic about the future of the new energy project with his Chinese partner. During the past 12 years, China’s rapid development in all aspects and its preserved traditional culture have opened new windows for Merz ____45____ (understand) the country. 【答案】36. country’s 37. devoting 38. globally 39. whose 40. was appointed 41. journeys 42. of 43. was 44. and 45. to understand 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了来自德国的Klaus-Dieter Merz在过去十余年与中国合作期间，对中国科技发展水平的看法及其在电池技术领域的合作研究成果。 【36题详解】 考查名词所有格。句意：在与中国人民和企业进行了十多年的合作后，来自德国的Klaus-Dieter Merz对这个国家的科技发展水平充满信心。空处修饰空后的名词短语scientific and technological development level，表明所属关系，应使用名词所有格形式country’s，表示“该国的”。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：自2012年以来，他一直担任河北奥冠电池公司的首席专家，致力于为中德市场开发新型电池的合作研究和技术交流。本句已有谓语has been，且与空处之间无连词连接，空处应用非谓语动词。主语he与devote之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词形式devoting。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：Merz拥有超过30年的电池技术经验，是一位享誉全球的电化学专家，其研究领域包括电化学、电池生产和能源工程。空处修饰形容词celebrated，需用副词globally作状语。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：Merz拥有超过30年的电池技术经验，是一位享誉全球的电化学专家，其研究领域包括电化学、电池生产和能源工程。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词electrochemistry expert，且在从句中作定语，修饰research areas，表示“这位专家的研究领域”，应用whose引导。 【40题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：2012年，Merz被任命为公司的首席专家。根据时间状语In 2012可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。主语Merz为第三人称单数形式，与appoint之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，空处填was appointed。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：在接下来的12年里，他每年都在德国和中国之间往返多次。空处被multiple修饰，表示多次旅行，应用名词复数形式，journey意为“旅途”，为可数名词，其复数形式为journeys。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：他回忆说，十年前，中国与西方在企业生产、技术水平和社情方面存在差距。in terms of为固定搭配，意为“就……而言，在……方面”，空处填of。 【43题详解】 考查时态。句意：但他看到的是中国无限的发展潜力。空前What he saw为主语从句，空处为全句谓语动词，应用单数形式，描述过去状态，be动词应用was。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：他开发了一种新一代大型管状高性能锂电池，具有高能量密度、长循环寿命和宽工作温度范围，填补了中国在这一领域的空白。空处连接high energy density、long cycle life和a wide operating temperature range三个并列的介词宾语，应用并列连词and。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的12年里，中国在各个方面的快速发展和其保存的传统文化为Merz理解中国打开了新的窗口。空处和for Merz构成复合不定式结构，修饰名词windows作后置定语，空处填to understand。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是学生会主席李华，学校计划在6月20日举行毕业晚会，请你写一封邮件邀请外教Ryan参加，内容包括： 1. 写信目的； 2. 活动安排； 3. 询问对方意向。 注意： 1. 词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Ryan, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Ryan, I’m Li Hua, chairman of the Student Union. I am delighted to invite you to attend the graduation evening party scheduled on June 20th in our school stadium. The arrangements are as follows. Initially, our principal will deliver a speech, aiming to prepare students for their future. Additionally, there will be varieties of activities, ranging from singing to talent shows, which will not only entertain students but also leave a deep impression on them. We would appreciate it if you could confirm your participation at your earliest convenience. Looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一封邀请信，要求考生以学生会主席李华的身份，给外教Ryan写一封邮件，邀请他参加学校定于6月20日举行的毕业晚会，并告知活动安排及询问其意向。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 高兴的：delighted→ overjoyed 参加：attend→ be present at 娱乐：entertain → amuse 确认：confirm→ verify 2. 句式拓展 同义句改写 原句：I am delighted to invite you to attend the graduation evening party scheduled on June 20th in our school stadium. 拓展句：It gives me great pleasure to invite you to take part in the upcoming graduation evening party to be held on June 20th in our school stadium. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Initially, our principal will deliver a speech, aiming to prepare students for their future.（使用了现在分词短语作状语） 【高分句型2】Additionally, there will be varieties of activities, ranging from singing to talent shows, which will not only entertain students but also leave a deep impression on them.（使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为varieties of activities，且句中包含了not only...but also...结构） 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The Secret of Flowers Lucy worked with her mother in their vegetable garden every day. The produce from their garden was sold at the farmer’s market. They worked hard to make ends meet. Lucy’s job was to make sure the vegetables were never too dry. Each day Lucy would push her fingers into the soil to test for wetness, and then carefully water the vegetables so they would be healthy and ready for market. Lucy often pretended the plants she tended were roses, like Mrs. White’s prize flowers. Mrs. White made money by selling flowers and won the first prize at the Rose Festival every year. Other competitors whispered that Mrs. White used magic to grow her roses. How else could she win the first prize twenty years in a row? Lucy admired Mrs. White. If she could sell flowers like her, she would be able to buy things for her mother. But roses were expensive to start, and Lucy could only dream about growing them. One day, Lucy visited Mrs. White to see her flowers. Mrs. White was inspecting her roses when she arrived. The garden of flowers springing up thrilled Lucy. She greeted warmly, “Mrs. White, I come to see your flowers. I wish I could grow beautiful roses and win a prize at the festival like you.” “Child, do you know what’s required to grow such flowers? The secret of growing prize roses has been passed down to me from past generations of my family.” Mrs. White laughed. Noticing the sad look on Lucy’s face, Mrs. White pulled up what looked like a weed. “What’s that?” Lucy asked. “A shabby plant. Unworthy of my time — too weak to bother with. If you can turn it into a strong and healthy rose, I’ll pass on what I know to you.” Mrs. White said before handing the small plant to Lucy. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Lucy took the shabby plant home. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Lucy attended the Rose Festival after being instructed by Mrs. White. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Possible version Lucy took the shabby plant home. She transplanted it carefully into a pot. Every day she would push her fingers into the soil to test for moisture and water the little plant. She would talk lovingly to her plant while tending to all its needs. With time flying by, the plant looked stronger and taller. Mrs. White’s mouth dropped open at the sight of the thriving plant displayed by Lucy. She taught Lucy the details of growing prize roses as she had promised. Under Mrs. White’s instruction, the plant was in full blossom. They were the most beautiful roses Lucy had ever seen. Lucy attended the Rose Festival after being instructed by Mrs. White. Lucy’s roses won the first prize and the prize money was used to buy young rose plants for her own garden and useful tools for her mother. She was also grateful to Mrs. White. If Mrs. White hadn’t given her the plant or instructed her in the skills, she wouldn’t have had the chance to grow the wonderful roses. Thinking of the many times she had carefully weeded, watered and cared for the flowers, Lucy realized the real secret of flowers and life was helping others and being able to do something she enjoyed. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了露西和母亲靠打理菜园卖菜维持生计，她十分羡慕怀特夫人年年在玫瑰节拿奖的玫瑰，怀特夫人交给她一株孱弱的植株，让她把它培育成健壮玫瑰，就传授种花秘诀的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描写露西细心照料这株小苗，植株茁壮成长，怀特夫人信守承诺传授种花技巧，玫瑰绚烂绽放。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段可描写露西的玫瑰获奖，奖金用来购置花苗与工具，露西领悟种花与人生真正的奥秘。 2.续写线索：移栽植株——精心照料——植株茁壮——习得技艺——玫瑰盛放——参赛获奖——合理使用奖金——心怀感恩——感悟真谛 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①移栽：transplant/move the plant/replant ②照料：tend to/look after/take care of 情绪类 ①感激：be grateful to/show gratitude to/be thankful to ②喜欢：enjoy/be fond of/take pleasure in 【点睛】[高分句型1] She taught Lucy the details of growing prize roses as she had promised. (运用as引导方式状语从句) [高分句型2] Thinking of the many times she had carefully weeded, watered and cared for the flowers, Lucy realized the real secret of flowers and life was helping others and being able to do something she enjoyed. (运用现在分词Thinking作状语，同时包含省略that的宾语从句和省略关系代词that的定语从句she enjoyed) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $