Unit 5 Into the unknown 同步检测学案 -2025-2026学年高中英语外研版选择性必修第四册

该高中英语学案聚焦外研版选择性必修第四册Unit5“Into the unknown”核心内容，涵盖词汇（核心词汇、语境化训练、构词）、短语（中译英、语境化应用、迁移运用）、语篇（助记短文填空与理解）、语法（名词性从句复习）及写作（万能句型与应用文）。通过教材语境改编的词汇短语训练导入，结合语篇填空和语法练习搭建学习支架，衔接单元主题与语言技能。 资料亮点在于语境化与迁移运用结合，提升语言能力，通过语篇理解和语法分析培养思维品质，助记短文和原创习题强化学习能力。习题贴近高考趋势，注重应用与探究，有效巩固知识，促进综合语言运用能力发展。

外研版高中英语选择性必修第四册 Unit 5 Into the unknown 同步检测学案 班级：________________ 姓名：________________ A. 核心词汇 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.文明（社会） n.________________ 2.将……埋在下面 v.________________ 3.天文学 n.________________ 4.运河 n.________________ 5.残垣断壁，废墟 n.________________ 6.离弃，逃离 v.________________ 7.拒绝考虑，否定 v.________________ 8.扩大；增加 n.________________ 9.调查 n.________________ 10.毫米 n.________________ 11.物质 n.________________ 12.钻探；勘探 n.________________ 13.（因奇特或神秘而）激起……的兴趣，引起……的好奇心 v.________________ 14.金字塔 n.________________ 15.来自热带的；产于热带的 adj.________________ 16.气旋；旋风 n.________________ 17.超级干旱 n.________________ 18.衰败 n.________________ 19.逃跑，逃走 n.________________ 20.后退；离开；退避 v.________________ 21.subdue v.________________ 22.uncharted adj.________________ 23.delve v.________________ 24.shrink v.________________ 25.shipwreck n.________________ 26.archaeological adj.________________ 27.coral n.________________ 28.barreleye n.________________ 29.upwards adv.________________ 30.trench n.________________ B. 词汇语境化训练 Contextual Vocabulary Practice 用括号内词的正确形式完成句子。注意词性转换、单复数、时态和固定搭配。 1. [教材语境改编] Many scientists believe that these droughts were the main reason why Maya __________ began to collapse at different rates in different places. (civilisation) 2. [教材语境改编] Believed to have been __________ underwater by a tsunami in the fourth century AD, the ruins of Neápolis are almost 2,000 years old. (bury) 3. [教材语境改编] The Maya’s understanding of mathematics and __________ was also quite amazing. (astronomy) 4. [教材语境改编] Talk about the __________ into another scientific mystery using the words and expressions in this section. (investigation) 5. [教材语境改编] Imagine bone-white coral 6,000 metres below the ocean’s surface, growing at the rate of only one or two __________ per year. (millimetre) 6. [教材语境改编] Most notable of these is China’s discovery of an ice-like __________, known as “fire ice”, under the South China Sea. (substance) C. 一词多义与构词 Word Families 写出合适的同根词。 1. investigate (v.) → ______ (n.) → ______ (adj.) 2. archaeology (n.) → ______ (adj.) → ______ (n. 人) 3. expand (v.) → ______ (n.) → ______ (adj.) 4. abandon (v.) → ______ (n.) → ______ (adj.) 5. note (v./n.) → ______ (adj.) → ______ (adv.) A. 中译英：Chinese → English 1.（因无人照料而）衰落，败落______________ 2.逃跑，逃走______________ 3.逃命______________ 4.调查，检查______________ 5.试水，试探______________ 6.避开……；从……处脱身______________ 7.不为人知的地方，人类尚未到达的地方______________ 8.动身踏上（漫长的）旅途______________ 9.throw oneself into______________ 10.think twice______________ 11.shrink from______________ 12.look into______________ 13.find out______________ 14.as well as______________ 15.in the face of______________ B. 短语语境化训练 Phrase Practice 从上面短语中选择恰当短语，并用其正确形式完成句子。 1. [教材/主题语境改编] So while you may be tempted to __________ a strange object or to test the waters of a new situation, it can be safer to steer clear of the unfamiliar. 2. [教材/主题语境改编] Of course, exploration doesn’t have to mean blindly throwing ourselves into __________, and it’s never wrong to think twice before taking action. 3. [教材/主题语境改编] In more recent times, Norwegian explorer, Roald Amundsen endured one of the most hostile environments on Earth when he __________ into uncharted territory to reach the South Pole – a region of the planet ripe for exploration. 4. [教材/主题语境改编] When facing a high-risk choice, we should __________ before acting. 5. [教材/主题语境改编] Before reaching a conclusion, it is necessary to __________ the issue further. 6. [教材/主题语境改编] When faced with complex information, we should __________ the facts before making a judgement. C. 短语迁移运用 Phrase Application 1. [原创迁移] 面对陌生领域，科学家常先小规模试探，再决定下一步研究方向。【test the waters】 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. [原创迁移] 缺乏证据时，我们应避开夸张结论，并保持开放但谨慎的态度。【steer clear of】 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. [原创迁移] 面对未经证实的神秘说法，我们应三思并检查证据来源。【think twice】 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ A. 单元助记短文：语篇填空 Memory Passage 用括号内词的正确形式或恰当短语完成短文。 So while you may be tempted to __________ (check out) a strange object or to __________ (test the waters) of a new situation, it can be safer to __________ (steer clear of) the unfamiliar. However, not everyone chooses to follow this instinct. Instead of __________ (retreat) to their caves, some of our ancestors chose to __________ (subdue) their fears and pursue __________ (the unknown) – and this curiosity led them to, for instance, discover the use of fire. In more recent times, Norwegian explorer, Roald Amundsen endured one of the most hostile environments on Earth when he __________ (set out) into __________ (uncharted) territory to reach the South Pole – a region of the planet ripe for exploration. These reactions help humankind __________ (delve) into the unknown and advance towards a more progressive and civilised society. Of course, exploration doesn’t have to mean blindly throwing ourselves into the unknown, and it’s never wrong to __________ (think twice) before taking action. B. 语篇理解 1. 该语段主要围绕“未知探索、考古发现与科学精神”中的哪一具体内容展开？请用不超过30个汉字概括。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 根据语段，文本传递了怎样的态度、价值或学习启示？请用中文概括。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ A. 语法要点：Review: noun clauses 语法学习提示：先判断句法功能和时间/逻辑关系，再选择结构；完成后检查主谓关系、语态和非谓语逻辑主语。 要点 讲解 例句 类型 名词性从句包括主语、宾语、表语和同位语从句。 What happened to the civilisation remains a mystery. 连接词 that, whether/if, what, who, why, how, where 等；从句用陈述语序。 Researchers ask why the city was abandoned. that 与 what that 只起连接作用，不充当成分；what 在从句中充当成分并含“……的事/物”。 We know that the city declined / What caused the decline is unclear. B. 单句练习 Sentence Practice 1. [单元/高考趋势改编] 填连接词：__________ caused the civilisation to decline remains uncertain. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. [单元/高考趋势改编] 填连接词：Researchers still debate __________ the drought was the main cause. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. [单元/高考趋势改编] 完成句子：The question is __________ the people left the city so suddenly. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. [单元/高考趋势改编] 改正：Scientists want to know what did the object contain. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. [单元/高考趋势改编] 翻译：我们不能确定这些发现是否足以解释这一谜团。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. [单元/高考趋势改编] 选择 that/what：Evidence suggests __________ the climate changed dramatically. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. [单元/高考趋势改编] 选择 that/what：__________ the team discovered changed their understanding of the site. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. [单元/高考趋势改编] 句型升格：The cause is unknown. Researchers continue exploring. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ C. 句型升格 Sentence Upgrading 1. [开放表达] 用宾语从句升格：Researchers do not know the cause. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. [开放表达] 用主语从句升格：The mystery attracts us most. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ A. 万能句型翻译 Useful Sentence Translation 1. [高考应用文表达] 真正的探索从承认“我们还不知道”开始，而不是从一个确定答案开始。【not...but...; uncertainty】 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. [高考应用文表达] 解释玛雅文明衰落时，研究者需要比较考古、气候和社会证据，而不是依赖单一原因。【compare; archaeological evidence】 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. [高考应用文表达] 深海探索技术让我们看到未知生态系统，也提醒我们人类知识仍然有限。【deep-sea exploration; remind】 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. [高考应用文表达] 面对神秘现象，保持好奇心和保持怀疑并不矛盾，两者都是科学思维的一部分。【curiosity; scepticism】 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. [高考应用文表达] 只有依据证据不断修正解释，我们才可能逐渐接近未知问题的可靠答案。【only by; revise explanations】 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ B. 高考应用文写作 Practical Writing 请选择一个尚未完全解释的历史/自然谜题，写80-100词介绍已知事实、主要疑问以及你认为应如何继续研究。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 第一部分 必备词汇 A. 核心词汇 1.文明（社会） n. civilisation n. 2.将……埋在下面 v. bury v. 3.天文学 n. astronomy n. 4.运河 n. canal n. 5.残垣断壁，废墟 n. ruin n. 6.离弃，逃离 v. abandon v. 7.拒绝考虑，否定 v. dismiss v. 8.扩大；增加 n. expansion n. 9.调查 n. investigation n. 10.毫米 n. millimetre n. 11.物质 n. substance n. 12.钻探；勘探 n. drilling n. 13.（因奇特或神秘而）激起……的兴趣，引起……的好奇心 v. intrigue v. 14.金字塔 n. pyramid n. 15.来自热带的；产于热带的 adj. tropical adj. 16.气旋；旋风 n. cyclone n. 17.超级干旱 n. megadrought n. 18.衰败 n. downfall n. 19.逃跑，逃走 n. getaway n. 20.后退；离开；退避 v. retreat v. 21.subdue v. 克制，抑制（情绪） 22.uncharted adj. 地图上没有标明的 23.delve v. 探索，探究 24.shrink v. 退缩，畏缩 25.shipwreck n. 失事的船；沉船 26.archaeological adj. 考古学的；考古的 27.coral n. 珊瑚 28.barreleye n. 管眼鱼 29.upwards adv. 向上，朝上 30.trench n. 海沟 B. 词汇语境化训练： 1. civilisation 2. buried 3. astronomy 4. investigations 5. millimetres 6. substance C. 一词多义与构词： 1. investigation; investigative 2. archaeological; archaeologist 3. expansion; expansive 4. abandonment; abandoned 5. notable; notably 第二部分 必备短语 A. 中译英及英译中： 1. fall into ruin 2. make a getaway 3. run for one’s life 4. check out 5. test the waters 6. steer clear of 7. the unknown 8. set out 9. 积极投入到……中去 10. 再三考虑，慎重考虑 11. 避免做，不愿做 12. 调查（问题） 13. 弄清；查明 14. 以及；也 15. 面对 B. 短语语境化训练： 1. check out 2. the unknown 3. set out 4. think twice 5. look into 6. find out C. 短语迁移运用： 1. When entering an unfamiliar field, scientists often test the waters on a small scale before deciding what to do next. 2. When evidence is limited, we should steer clear of dramatic conclusions and remain open-minded but cautious. 3. When faced with an unverified mystery, we should think twice and check the source of the evidence. 第三部分 单元助记短文 A. 语篇填空： 1. check out 2. test the waters 3. steer clear of 4. retreating 5. subdue 6. the unknown 7. set out 8. uncharted 9. delve 10. think twice B. 语篇理解： 1. 语段围绕“未知探索、考古发现与科学精神”展开，概括时应包含语段中的核心对象、事件或观点。 2. 参考要点：根据语段呈现的事实或人物经历概括其态度、价值或学习启示；答案须有语段信息支撑。 第四部分 语法要点与练习 B. 单句练习： 1. What 2. whether 3. why 4. what the object contained 5. We cannot be sure whether these discoveries are enough to explain the mystery. 6. that 7. What 8. Because what caused the change remains unknown, researchers continue exploring the site. C. 句型升格（示例）： 1. Researchers do not know what caused the event. 2. What attracts us most is the mystery that remains unexplained. 第五部分 单元作文话题训练 A. 万能句型翻译： 1. Real exploration begins by admitting what we do not yet know rather than starting with a certain answer. 2. When explaining the decline of the Maya, researchers need to compare archaeological, climatic and social evidence rather than rely on a single cause. 3. Deep-sea exploration technology reveals unknown ecosystems and also reminds us that human knowledge remains limited. 4. Curiosity and scepticism are not opposites when we face mysteries; both are parts of scientific thinking. 5. Only by continually revising explanations according to evidence can we move closer to reliable answers about the unknown. B. 高考应用文写作（参考范文）： One mystery that continues to interest people is why an ancient city was suddenly abandoned. Archaeologists have found buildings, tools and signs of a highly organised society, but no single explanation fits all the evidence. Climate change, conflict and changes in food supply may all have played a role. Instead of choosing the most dramatic theory, researchers should compare archaeological evidence with environmental data and remain open to multiple causes. The mystery is valuable because it reminds us that good exploration begins with questions, not with confident guesses. $