内容正文:
人教版 必修一 Unit2 Travelling Around
第5讲 预订场景(教师版)
一、本讲重难点速览
本讲聚焦预订场景的听说读写四个能力,落脚点是把“预订意愿”说得得体、听得懂、写得对。全讲只围绕三条主线展开,练习按这三条线分层设计,不求多、求透。
三条主线(即本讲重难点)
① 说得体:得体表达两轴——礼貌程度×信息完整度。这是情景交际与书面表达的高频得分点。
② 听得懂:听力“话轮意图”识别——先判断服务方这句话要你答什么,再去找答案,数字与名字才不漏。
③ 写得对:现在进行时表将来——按“事情落实程度”选择时态,这是本单元核心语法,也是高考语法填空与时态题的常考点。
三线对应的分层练习
基础层:能认出得体表达、能判断时态选择、能听懂话轮意图;提升层:能在语境中改写得体、能在语篇中综合运用;挑战层:能在高考形态的语篇填空与情景交际中稳定拿分。
二、开口先想:同一句话,两种说法
订房、订票、订餐,开口之前先想一件事:这句话说出去,对方听着舒服吗?先看同一情景下的两句应答,你来判高低。
(一)情景:想订一间双人房,住两晚
A 版(直译硬邦邦):I want book a double room two nights. I want a cheap one. Tell me the price.
B 版(得体自然):I would like to book a double room for two nights. Could you tell me the price, please?
(二)先判,再问为什么
两版信息几乎一样,但 B 明显更得体。差别不在“信息”,在说话的方式:A 用 want 直说、不加 please、把“便宜”说成 cheap;B 用 I would like to 委婉表达、加 please、把“要价格”说成 Could you tell me the price。同样的意思,换一种说法,得体度完全不同。这一讲就练“怎么把预订意愿说得又礼貌又清楚”。
顺手看个细节:A 版里 book a room two nights 还藏了两处语病——book 前漏了 to(want to do),two nights 前漏了 for(for two nights)。所以说"得体"的前提是"语法正确",先写对,再写得好。
三、核心知识一:得体表达两轴(本讲贯穿工具)
判断一句话在预订场景里“得不得体”,看两条轴:礼貌程度(委婉程度)和信息完整度(关键信息有没有说全)。越礼貌、信息越全,越得体;两者缺一都扣分。
(一)礼貌程度这条轴
同一个“我想要”的意思,有三档说法,礼貌程度依次升高:
规律:越委婉越得体,但也不能过分——预订是办正事,点到为止即可。要紧的是别用 want 直戳戳地“要”,多用 I would like to、Could I、please 这类软化词。
注意区分:Could I...?(请求“允许”自己做什么),如 Could I have a window seat, please?——问对方是否允许;Could you...?(请求“对方”为自己做什么),如 Could you tell me the price?——请对方帮忙,因“麻烦对方”而礼貌度更高。两个都属于委婉档,但 Could you 用于“请对方做事”,首次接触、请求帮忙时优先用 Could you。
档次
说法
使用场景
直接(欠礼貌)
I want a room. / Give me a ticket.
少用,显得生硬
礼貌
I would like a room, please. / I want to book ...
日常预订常用
委婉(更礼貌)
Could I / Could you ...? / Would it be possible to ...?
正式场合、初次接触
(二)信息完整度这条轴
得体的另一面是把关键信息说全:订什么(a double room)、什么时候(for two nights)、几个人、住哪天。光说“我要订房”,对方还得追问,既啰嗦又显得没准备。
对照:只说 I would like a room. 信息不完整;说 I would like to book a double room for two nights, please. 信息完整,一句话把“对象+时长”都说清,对方一听就懂。
预订信息五要素清单(开口前按此自查“说全了没有”):①对象(room / ticket / table,订的是什么)②数量(for two nights / for four people / a single ticket,订几晚、几人、几张)③时间(for tonight / on the morning of…,什么时候)④偏好(window seat / non-smoking floor / table near the window,可选可不选,但说了更完整)⑤身份(name / contact,报名字或联系方式)。五要素不必每次全用,但对象、数量、时间这三项是预订必报的“核心三要素”,少一项对方就得追问。
(三)用坐标判断一段应答
拿刚才的 A 版来测:I want book a double room two nights.(礼貌程度低,且 book 前漏 to、two nights 前漏 for,信息表达有语病)——两条轴都不达标。B 版:I would like to book a double room for two nights. Could you tell me the price, please?(礼貌到位,信息完整)——双达标。判断应答,就用这两条轴过一遍。
四、核心词汇:预订场景的“血肉”(用法全解)
这一节不罗列词义,而是把预订场景最常用的词讲透——讲搭配、讲辨析、讲考点、讲易错,能直接用在情景交际和语法填空里。
(一)book / reserve / reservation:预订
book 和 reserve 都表“预订”,口语中 book 更常用、reserve 更正式,作动词可互换。reservation 是名词,固定搭配 make a reservation for two 为两人订位。
考点与易错:book 后必须加冠词或限定词,不说 book room,要说 book a room / book the room;make a reservation 的冠词 a 不能丢。
学生在 make a reservation 上栽得最多的一处,就是把中间那个 a 丢掉——一进语法填空的固定搭配就现形。写完后默念一遍 a reservation,这半个 a 是白送的分数。
例句:I would like to reserve a table for four, please. / We made a reservation in advance.
(二)available:可获得的、有空的
用法:作后置定语修饰名词,如 Do you have a double room available?(可获得的房间)。它不放在名词前说 available room(虽然语法可通,但“后置定语”是高频考点)。
易错:拼写是 avail-able,中间两个 a,写成 available;注意别漏中间那个 a 或写成 avalible。
高考考点:available 在听力中常被快速带过、容易被漏听(Do you have a room available tonight?),抓听时重点抓“有没有 + available”这个结构;在语法填空中可作后置定语(a room available)也可作表语(The room is available),判断时看它修饰的是名词(定语)还是跟在 be 后(表语)。写作里表示“有空房/空位”都用它,比 free 更正式。
(三)房型:double room / twin room / single room
double room 一张大床的双人房;twin room 两张单人床的双床房;single room 单人房。
易错:twin 是“双床”,double 是“大床”,做题和开口都别混。题干问“有两张单人床的房间”要选 twin room。
(四)check in / check out
check in 入住、check out 退房,都是动词短语;名词带连字符写成 check-in / check-out。例:We checked in at the hotel at ten.
(五)luggage:行李(不可数)
考点:luggage 不可数,一条行李说 a piece of luggage,两条说 two pieces of luggage,没有 luggages 的复数形式。
(六)fare / charge / price:三种“价”
fare 交通票价(the bus fare);charge 收费/费用(a service charge);price 商品价格(the price of the ticket)。订票问票价用 fare,买东西问价格用 price。
同一语境替换对比练一练:①The bus ___ to the airport is 20 yuan.(答案:fare,交通票价)②The hotel adds a service ___ of 30 yuan.(答案:charge,服务费)③What is the ___ of this coat?(答案:price,商品价格)把三个词放进具体语境各判一次,就能分清“票价/收费/价格”的区别——订票问 fare,问服务费听 charge,买东西问 price。
(七)arrive at / arrive in
arrive 接小地方用 at(arrive at the airport),接大地方用 in(arrive in Shanghai)。这是固定搭配,语法填空高频。
易错补充:arrive 后接地点副词(home, here, there)时不加介词——arrive home(不说 arrive at home);同义的 reach 是及物动词,后直接接地点、不加介词——reach Shanghai(不说 reach in Shanghai)。这是语法填空的高频设空点,判断时看清后面接的是“大地方/小地方/地点副词”再决定要不要介词。
五、核心知识二:把“想说的”转成“得体的表达”
这一节解决“直译转礼貌”的难题:脑子里那句直译(I want...),怎么换成得体的说法。动手就三件事:换软词、加请词、补信息。
(一)软词:把 want 换成 I would like to
直译:I want a double room. → 得体:I would like to book a double room.
直译:I want a ticket to Shanghai. → 得体:I would like a ticket to Shanghai, please.
直译:I want to ask the price. → 得体:Could you tell me the price?
(二)请词:把生硬命令换成礼貌请求
Could you ...? / Would you ...? / May I ...? 是预订场景最常用的礼貌套话,功能是“把要求变成请求”。
Could you please keep my luggage?(请帮我照看行李)
May I have your name, please?(请问您的名字?)
(三)补信息:把关键信息一次说全
订房:I would like to book a double room for two nights, please.
订票:I would like a single ticket to Kunming on the morning of September 12th, please.
订餐:I would like to reserve a table for four at half past six, please.
(四)转换练习(基础层)
1. I want a cheap room. → ______(示例:I would like a room, please. Could you tell me the price?)
2. I want to ask the way. → ______(示例:Could you tell me the way to the hotel, please?)
3. I want to know the price. → ______(示例:Could you tell me the price, please?)
六、核心知识三:现在进行时表将来(讲因果)
预订和安排离不开“我打算做什么”。本单元语法点是用现在进行时表示已经安排好的将来。这一节不只讲“怎么用”,更讲清“为什么这么用”。
(一)语法选择的因果:时态由“落实程度”决定
同样说“我下周去北京”,用哪种时态,取决于这件事“落实了多少”。安排越落实,越倾向用进行时:
所以,与其说是时态在"选",不如说是"事情落实的程度"在替你定时态。这一判断,是选择时态的总开关。
情况
时态
已经订了票、约了人(落实)
现在进行时
只是打算、还没定
be going to
当场临时起意
will
I am meeting him at the airport tomorrow.(已约好)
I am going to visit my grandparents this winter.(打算)
The phone is ringing. I will answer it.(临时)
(二)形式与判断
形式:am / is / are + 动词-ing,常用 go, come, leave, arrive, fly, stay, meet 等“可安排”动词。判断用三个条件:①有将来时间状语(tomorrow, next week);②是已安排的计划;③是可安排动词。三条齐备,锁定现在进行时表将来。
(三)-ing 拼写与易错
一般加 -ing:go→going;去 e 加 -ing:leave→leaving;双写辅音:plan→planning;ie 变 y:die→dying。
易错一:必须有 be 动词,We are leaving(不是 We leaving)。
易错二:静态动词(like, know)不用于进行时表将来。
易错三:固定时刻表用一般现在时:The train leaves at 8:30;但“我安排好”用进行时:I am taking the 8:30 train. 同样是“将来”,一个按时刻表、一个按个人安排,时态不同,这是高频考点。
(四)语法填空小练(基础层)
1. We ______ (leave) for Hangzhou this weekend. 答案:are leaving(安排落实)
2. The flight ______ (take) off at ten according to the timetable. 答案:takes(时刻表一般现在时)
3. My parents ______ (arrive) tomorrow morning. 答案:are arriving(已安排)
七、核心知识四:听力——听懂“服务方要你答什么”
预订听力里,最怕的不是听不懂单词,而是不知道对方这句话要我干什么。把服务方的话按“意图”分四类,听懂每一类该答什么,听力就有主心骨。
判断依据:服务方的每一句话,都在“推”你给出某一类信息或确认。听到 Could you spell that,就准备拼名字;听到 How much,就准备听价格。先判断“要我答什么”,再去找答案,数字、名字就不会漏。
数字陷阱提醒(听力高频失分点)
话轮意图
服务方常这么说
你该应答
开场寒暄
How can I help you?
直接报需求(I would like to book ...)
核实需求
For which date? / How many nights?
答时间、答数量
查证有无
Let me check. / Do you have a preference?
确认或补充(yes / I would like a window seat)
确认收尾
Would you like to confirm? / May I have your name?
答名字、确认(Yes, please)
- 易混音:thirteen / thirty、fifteen / fifty,带 -teen 重音在后。
- 单位:价格常带 a night / per person,漏了单位价格就听偏。
- 时间:8:30 可能说 eight thirty,也可能用 24 小时制(fifteen hundred = 15:00),听清早晚。
- 日期要听全:the morning of September 12th 不等于 September 12th,早上和晚上是不同信息。
八、听力训练(教师朗读稿,分层)
以下对话由教师朗读,学生合上文本、听音完成信息抓取,训练“听清话轮意图、抓准关键信息”的能力。语速可由教师按班级水平控制。
先把耳朵放空两秒再开始——急着抓信息的人,往往一个数字都没抓准。
训练一:订票对话(话轮意图填空,基础层)
【教师朗读稿】听一段电话订票,判断每句服务方的话要你答什么,再填关键信息。
操作步骤(建议播放两遍):第一遍只听“话轮意图”——先不填信息,只判断每一句服务方的话要你答什么(报需求/答日期/听票价/报名字);第二遍再抓取关键信息(时间、票价、名字拼写),边听边填。两遍各司其职,避免“判断意图”和“抓信息”同时进行导致顾此失彼。
Agent: Good afternoon, Air China. How can I help you?
Caller: I would like a single ticket to Kunming, please.
Agent: For which date?
Caller: On the morning of September 12th.
Agent: We have a flight at 9:15. The fare is 620 yuan one way. Would you like to book it?
Caller: Yes, please. My name is Li Ming.
Agent: Could you spell that?
Caller: L-I, M-I-N-G.
①开场寒暄后,你要答:______(一张去昆明的单程票)②“For which date”要你答:______(9月12日早上)③起飞与票价:______(9:15,620元)④最后要你:______(确认+报名字 Li Ming)
训练二:酒店改订(选择判断,提升层)
【教师朗读稿】听对话,选出正确答案。
Reception: Good evening, Sea View Hotel. How can I help you?
Guest: I booked a single room for tonight, but I would like to change it to a double room.
Reception: Let me check. Yes, we have a double room available on the fifth floor.
Guest: Could you tell me how much more it costs?
Reception: A single room is 300 yuan and a double room is 450 yuan. So it is 150 yuan more.
Guest: That is fine. I will take it. My name is Zhang Wei.
Reception: Thank you, Mr Zhang. Room 508, on the fifth floor. Enjoy your stay.
1. The guest wants to change to ______. A. a single room B. a twin room C. a double room D. a suite 答案:C
2. The double room is on the ______ floor. A. third B. fifth C. eighth D. sixth 答案:B
3. The guest needs to pay ______ more for the double room. A. 150 yuan(差价) B. 300 yuan(单人间原价) C. 450 yuan(双人间总价) D. 600 yuan(混淆项) 答案:A
判断提示:听力里问的是“多付多少(how much more)”,答案是差价 150;B、C 分别是单人间、双人间的价格,D 是干扰。听题先抓住“问的是哪一种”,比埋头算出数值更重要——这正是高考听力“题干导向”的考法。
训练三:餐馆订位(填空,挑战层——信息更密集)
【教师朗读稿】请完成填空。
Waiter: Good evening, Green Garden Restaurant. How can I help you?
Caller: I would like to reserve a table for four, please.
Waiter: For what time?
Caller: At half past six this evening.
Waiter: Would you prefer a table near the window?
Caller: Yes, please. My name is Chen Yu.
①人数:______(四人)②时间:______(今晚6:30)③座位偏好:______(靠窗)④身份:______(Chen Yu)
设计改动说明:三段对话难度递进——训练一练“话轮意图识别”,训练二练“数字与单位判断”(300与450的差价计算),训练三练“偏好信息抓取”。课堂上可先齐读再朗读,逐段推进。
九、情景交际操练(分层)
(一)把直译改得体(基础层)
1. I want a window seat. → ______(示例:Could I have a window seat, please?)
2. I want to know the price. → ______(示例:Could you tell me the price, please?)
(二)补全对话(提升层)
语境提示:这是晚上 6 点后打给“阳光餐厅”的订位电话,餐厅营业到晚 10 点——你订的“7 点”自然指晚上 7 点。
A: Good evening, Sunshine Restaurant. We open from 6 pm to 10 pm. How can I help you?
B: ______(我想订一张四人桌,今晚7点,please)
A: No problem. ______(请问您的名字?)
B: Wang Fang, W-A-N-G F-A-N-G.
A: Thank you. We look forward to seeing you.
参考:I would like to reserve a table for four at seven, please. / May I have your name, please?
设计改动说明:补全对话把“得体两轴”落成具体操作——第一空考“礼貌+信息全”(对象、人数、时间一次说全),第二空考“请词”(May I have...)。做完追问学生:如果第一空只说 I want a table,哪条轴不合格?
十、单句语法填空(分层,标注考点)
按考点与难度分两组,先练“时态/词形”,再练“预订词汇固定搭配”。
(一)时态与词形(基础层)
1. We ______ (fly) to Sanya this winter, and the hotel is already booked. 答案:are flying(考点:现在进行时表将来)
2. The concert ______ (start) at seven, so we had better leave now. 答案:starts(考点:时刻表一般现在时)
3. My sister ______ (arrive) at the airport at ten tomorrow. 答案:is arriving(考点:现在进行时表将来)
(二)预订词汇与固定搭配(提升层)
4. I have made a ______ (reserve) for two under the name of Li Ming. 答案:reservation(考点:make a reservation)
5. Do you have a double room ______ (avail) for tonight? 答案:available(考点:available 后置定语)
6. We checked ______ at the hotel and went out for dinner. 答案:in(考点:check in)
7. The ______ (depart) time of the train has changed. 答案:departure(考点:名词作定语)
8. How much is the bus ______ (fares)? 答案:fare(考点:fare 交通票价)
十一、综合语篇:语法填空(对标高考)
以下语篇按高考语法填空形态设计:在完整语篇中设空,考点均衡(时态、非谓语、词性转换、固定搭配、介词/连词),难度由易到难。先做语篇一、二,再做语篇三。
语篇一:旅行安排(中档)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
My family is planning a trip to Guilin next month. We ______1 (book) a room in a hotel near the Li River, because the view there is wonderful. We ______2 (stay) in Guilin for three days and then move on to Yangshuo.
Before we set off, I checked the weather online. It is said to be warm and sunny, so we only need to pack some light clothes. We have also made a ______3 (reserve) for a boat trip along the river. The fare ______4 (be) 180 yuan per person, which is quite reasonable.
My parents are quite excited. My mother is busy ______5 (prepare) some local snacks for the journey. We are looking forward to ______6 (see) the beautiful mountains and the clear water.
If you are free that week, why not ______7 (join) us? I am sure you will enjoy it.
答案:1. have booked(现在完成时,已订好) 2. are staying(现在进行时表将来) 3. reservation(词性转换,make a reservation) 4. is(双考点:fare 为单数——主谓一致;票价是客观事实/固定信息——一般现在时表客观事实) 5. preparing(be busy doing) 6. seeing(look forward to doing) 7. join(why not + 动词原形)
语篇二:酒店入住(中档)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When we arrived ______8 the hotel, the receptionist asked us to check in. We had booked a double room ______9 (advance), so it only took a few minutes. The room was clean and bright, with a beautiful view ______10 the sea.
The next morning, we went down to the dining hall for breakfast, which was included in the price. After breakfast, we planned ______11 (visit) the old town nearby. The weather was perfect, so we decided ______12 (go) there on foot.
答案:8. at(arrive at 小地方)9. in(in advance 固定搭配)10. of(a view of)11. to visit(plan to do)12. to go(decide to do)
语篇三:朋友间的旅行对话(挑战层)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I am meeting my friend at the railway station tomorrow. We have booked two tickets ______1 (advance), so we do not need to worry. My friend is bringing a ______2 (suitcase) and a small bag.
We are taking the night train ______3 (leave) at nine. By the time we arrive, ______4 city will be quiet, but we are planning ______5 (walk) around the old streets ______6 the morning. I cannot wait ______7 (start) the journey. The night train is ______8 (relax), so we can sleep on the way.
答案:1. in(in advance 固定搭配) 2. suitcase(名词原形) 3. leaving(现在分词作定语,表主动) 4. the(冠词,指代前文 city,无提示词) 5. to walk(plan to do) 6. in(介词 in the morning,无提示词) 7. to start(cannot wait to do) 8. relaxing(词性转换,现在分词作表语)
设计改动与命题思考:三篇语篇的设空有明确意图:①考点覆盖非谓语(preparing, seeing, leaving, to walk, to start, to visit, to go)、时态(have booked, are staying, is)、词性转换(reservation, departure)、固定搭配(in advance, look forward to, why not, be busy doing)与介词(at, in, of),分布均衡;②无提示词空(why not 后的 join、in advance、arrive at、a view of)与有提示词空搭配,接近高考 6:4 的配比;③难度由“单一时态”到“固定搭配+分词”递进。课堂上可让学生先标考点再填空,把判断主链(判成分→定词性→查一致)走一遍。
十二、单项选择:分层检测
(一)基础层
1. — How can I help you? — ______ a table for two, please. A. I would like to book B. I book C. I booked D. I am booking 答案:A(考点:礼貌报需求,I would like to do)
2. We ______ for Guangzhou tomorrow and everything is ready. A. leave B. are leaving C. will leaving D. left 答案:B(考点:现在进行时表将来,安排已定)
3. — Do you have a single room available? — ______, let me check. A. Just a moment B. No way C. Never mind D. Do not mention it 答案:A(考点:情景交际“请稍等”)
4. He booked a ______ room, which has two single beds. A. single B. double C. twin D. empty 答案:C(考点:twin 双床房)
(二)提升层
5. The train ______ at 8:30 every morning, so please arrive before that. A. is leaving B. leaves C. left D. has left 答案:B(考点:时刻表一般现在时)
6. I am going to visit the museum, but I have not decided yet. I ______ there next week. A. am going B. will go C. go D. went 答案:B(考点:尚未决定,用 will 表将来的意向;A 的 am going 是现在进行时表“已安排好的计划”,与 not decided yet 矛盾)
7. We have only one piece of ______, so we can move around easily. A. luggage B. luggages C. luggage is D. baggages 答案:A(考点:luggage 不可数)
8. I have two pieces of ______ and one small bag. A. luggage B. luggages C. a luggage D. the luggages 答案:A(考点:不可数名词用量词)
(三)挑战层(易混时态综合)
9. We have booked a room, so we ______ there for two nights. A. stay B. are staying C. stayed D. will staying 答案:B(考点:已订房,安排落实用进行时表将来)
10. — May I have your name, please? — ______. A. Yes, I am B. My name is Li Ming C. No, thanks D. That is right 答案:B(考点:报名字应答)
11. The flight ______ at 9:15, so we should be at the airport early. A. is leaving B. leaves C. left D. has left 答案:B(考点:时刻表一般现在时)
12. We are ______ a boat trip along the river tomorrow. A. take B. taking C. took D. takes 答案:B(考点:现在进行时表将来)
设计改动说明:三层由“识别得体/时态”到“易混时态辨析”再到“语境综合判断”递进;第6、9题同考“确定度”判断却考不同时态(未定用 will、已落实用进行时),对比设题能暴露学生对“落实程度”的误判。
十三、易错点集中梳理
1. book a room 要加冠词,不说 book room。
2. available 作后置定语(have a room available),拼写双 a。
3. twin room 双床,double room 一张大床。
4. luggage 不可数:a piece of luggage。
5. 进行时表将来要有 be 动词且 -ing 正确:plan→planning。
6. arrive at 接小地方,arrive in 接大地方。
7. fare 交通票价 / charge 收费 / price 商品价格。
易错速测(判断正误并改正)
1. 判断:We are planing a trip. → 错(应为 planning,双写 n)
2. 判断:two luggages → 错(应为 two pieces of luggage)
3. 选择:The flight ______ at ten. A. arrive B. arrives C. arriving D. is arriving 答案:B(时刻表用一般现在时,flight 单数用 arrives;D 进行时表将来与“按时刻表”不符)
十四、礼貌得体进阶:礼貌随对象与场合变化
礼貌程度不是固定的,它随对象、场合、亲疏变化——“得体坐标”里礼貌那条轴会动的关键,正在于此。同一句“帮我订票”,对谁说、在什么场合,说法要跟着变。
规律:越不熟、越正式,越要委婉。电话里订房(看不见对方)比当面问路更讲礼貌;书面预约比口头问更讲究。预订场景大多是“初次 + 正式”,所以 I would like to 和 Could you 是万能保险,不会错。
对象/场合
说法
礼貌度
朋友/家人(熟)
Book me a ticket, please.
低
服务员/前台(不熟)
Could you book a ticket for me, please?
中
正式/初次(经理/客服)
Would it be possible to book a ticket?
高
综合判断:给下面的句子排礼貌高低——①Book a room. ②Could you book a room for me, please? ③I would like to book a room, please. ④Would it be possible to book a room?(答案:① < ③ < ② < ④)
十五、易混词辨析与角色扮演
(一)易混词辨析
book / reserve / order:book 与 reserve 都表预订可互换;order 是点餐/订购(order a meal)。预订房间用 book a room,点外卖用 order food,不要混用。
trip / travel / tour / journey:trip 短途可数(a business trip);travel 泛指、不可数(不说 a travel);tour 观光(a city tour);journey 较长路程(a long journey)。
full board 全食宿 / half board 半食宿;boarding pass 登机牌;gate 登机口;receptionist 前台接待员;pack 打包(pack my bags)。
(二)角色扮演三场景
两人一组,一方当服务方、一方当客人,用“得体坐标”走完对话(注意用 I would like to、Could you、please,并把关键信息说全)。
1. 场景一订酒店:客人要订一间双人房两晚,问价格,报名字。
2. 场景二订火车票:客人要一张去上海的票,问时间、票价、座位。
3. 场景三订餐厅:客人订四人、晚7点、靠窗,报名字。
提示:开口前先想两句——“我该多客气”(对谁说话)+“我有没有说全关键信息”(对象/时间/数量/价格/名字)。两句都想清了,说得就得体。
十六、预订场景高频表达速查表
把本讲最重要的功能句汇成一张表,考前翻一遍、开口练一遍,预订场景就稳了。
话轮
服务方常用句(听力重点抓这些词)
客人常用句
开场
How can I help you? / What can I do for you?(抓 help)
I would like to book / reserve a double room, please.
报需求
For which date? / How many nights?(抓 date / nights)
I would like a single ticket to Kunming, please.
问时间
When would you like to check in?(抓 when / time)
On the morning of September 12th.
问有无
Do you have a room available?(抓 available)
Yes, please. / Do you have a window seat available?
问数量
How many people / tickets do you need?(抓 how many)
For four people / for two nights.
问价格
How much is it a night? / What is the price?(抓 how much / price)
Could you tell me the price, please?
问类型
Which kind would you like?(抓 kind / window / aisle)
A window seat, please.
身份
May I have your name, please? / Could you spell that?(抓 name / spell)
My name is Li Ming. L-I M-I-N-G.
确认
Would you like to confirm? / Let me check.(抓 confirm / check)
Yes, please.
结束
We look forward to seeing you. / Thank you for calling.(抓 thank you)
Thank you. Goodbye.
使用建议:这张表按“话轮链”排列,左列是服务方的话、右列是客人该答的话。练“说”时,沿话轮链左右对练,把信息位(时间/数量/价格/名字)填进去就是完整对话;练“听”时,盯住括号里标出的听力关键词(date / nights / price / name / available),这些词一出现就知道该抓哪类信息。一张表同时服务“说”与“听”。
十七、本讲知识网络(巩固回顾)
这一讲其实只讲了三条线:
1. 说——得体坐标两轴:礼貌程度(软词 I would like to、请词 Could you)+ 信息完整度(对象/时间/数量/价格/名字说全)。
2. 听——话轮意图四类:开场(报需求)、核实(答时间数量)、查证(确认补充)、收尾(报名字确认)。
3. 写——现在进行时表将来三条件:将来时间 + 已安排 + 可安排动词。
三条线合起来,就是预订场景“说得好、听得懂、写得对”的完整闭环。用这张网络自检:开口前问“得体吗”,听对话时盯“话轮意图”,写作时用“进行时表将来”。
补一组预订里的进行时表将来例句,考场上直接套:We are staying at a hotel near the beach for three nights. The guide is taking us around the old town tomorrow. My father is meeting us at the station. 三句都表“已安排好的计划”。
注:开口前的“五要素自查”(对象/数量/时间/偏好/身份)已在三(二)信息完整度部分给出,此处不再重复,复习时回到三(二)对照即可。
十八、参考答案与解析
(一)转换练习(五·四)
1. I would like a room, please. Could you tell me the price? 2. Could you tell me the way to the hotel, please? 3. Could you tell me the price, please?
(二)听力训练
训练一:①一张去昆明的单程票;②9月12日早上;③9:15起飞、620元单程;④确认并报名字 Li Ming(拼 L-I M-I-N-G)。
训练二:1. C(change it to a double room)。2. B(on the fifth floor)。3. A(450-300=150)。
训练三:①四人;②今晚6:30;③靠窗;④Chen Yu。
(三)情景交际(九)
(一)1. Could I have a window seat, please? 2. Could you tell me the price, please?(二)I would like to reserve a table for four at seven, please. / May I have your name, please?
(四)单句语法填空(十)
1. are flying:已订好,安排落实。2. starts:按固定时刻表。3. is arriving:已安排。4. reservation:make a reservation。5. available:后置定语。6. in:check in。7. departure:名词作定语。8. fare:交通票价。
(五)综合语篇(十一)
语篇三:1. in 2. suitcase 3. leaving 4. the 5. to walk 6. in 7. to start 8. relaxing
(六)单项选择(十二)
基础层:1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C。提升层:5. B 6. B 7. A 8. A。挑战层:9. B 10. B 11. B 12. B。
(七)易错速测(十三)
3. B(flight 单数用 arrives,时刻表一般现在时;D 的 is arriving 表“按个人安排”的将来,与时刻表不符)
(八)礼貌进阶判断(十四)
① < ③ < ② < ④。④用 Would it be possible to,最委婉。
本讲小结
两讲衔接说明:进入第2讲《细节描写升级》前,学生应已掌握——①能把“预订意愿”说得礼貌且信息完整(I would like to / Could you / 五要素);②能听懂服务方的话轮意图并抓准数字、名字;③能按“落实程度”选时态(进行时 / be going to / will 三条件)。第2讲会在此基础上,把“进行时表将来”用到计划信写作里,并新增“画面重建四问”来升级描写——第2讲开篇的“分工说明”即与此呼应。
预订场景的得体,靠两条轴——礼貌程度(软词、请词)与信息完整度(补全关键信息);听得懂靠“话轮意图”——先判断服务方要你答什么,再找答案;写得出靠现在进行时表将来表“安排已落实”。复习走三条线:把 want 改得体、把话轮意图听清、把进行时表将来用对。抓住这些,预订场景的听力、情景交际、语法填空都能稳拿分。
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人教版 必修一 Unit2 Travelling Around
第5讲 预订场景(学生版)
一、本讲重难点速览
本讲聚焦预订场景的听说读写四个能力,落脚点是把“预订意愿”说得得体、听得懂、写得对。全讲只围绕三条主线展开,练习按这三条线分层设计,不求多、求透。
三条主线(即本讲重难点)
① 说得体:得体表达两轴——礼貌程度×信息完整度。这是情景交际与书面表达的高频得分点。
② 听得懂:听力“话轮意图”识别——先判断服务方这句话要你答什么,再去找答案,数字与名字才不漏。
③ 写得对:现在进行时表将来——按“事情落实程度”选择时态,这是本单元核心语法,也是高考语法填空与时态题的常考点。
三线对应的分层练习
基础层:能认出得体表达、能判断时态选择、能听懂话轮意图;提升层:能在语境中改写得体、能在语篇中综合运用;挑战层:能在高考形态的语篇填空与情景交际中稳定拿分。
二、开口先想:同一句话,两种说法
订房、订票、订餐,开口之前先想一件事:这句话说出去,对方听着舒服吗?先看同一情景下的两句应答,你来判高低。
(一)情景:想订一间双人房,住两晚
A 版(直译硬邦邦):I want book a double room two nights. I want a cheap one. Tell me the price.
B 版(得体自然):I would like to book a double room for two nights. Could you tell me the price, please?
(二)先判,再问为什么
两版信息几乎一样,但 B 明显更得体。差别不在“信息”,在说话的方式:A 用 want 直说、不加 please、把“便宜”说成 cheap;B 用 I would like to 委婉表达、加 please、把“要价格”说成 Could you tell me the price。同样的意思,换一种说法,得体度完全不同。这一讲就练“怎么把预订意愿说得又礼貌又清楚”。
想一想:A 版里 book a room two nights 还藏了两处语病,你能找出来吗?(提示:一处和 to 有关,一处和 for 有关)
三、核心知识一:得体表达两轴(本讲贯穿工具)
判断一句话在预订场景里“得不得体”,看两条轴:礼貌程度(委婉程度)和信息完整度(关键信息有没有说全)。越礼貌、信息越全,越得体;两者缺一都扣分。
(一)礼貌程度这条轴
同一个“我想要”的意思,有三档说法,礼貌程度依次升高:
档次
说法
使用场景
直接(欠礼貌)
I want a room. / Give me a ticket.
少用,显得生硬
礼貌
I would like a room, please. / I want to book ...
日常预订常用
委婉(更礼貌)
Could I / Could you ...? / Would it be possible to ...?
正式场合、初次接触
规律:越委婉越得体,但也不能过分——预订是办正事,点到为止即可。要紧的是别用 want 直戳戳地“要”,多用 I would like to、Could I、please 这类软化词。
注意区分:Could I...?(请求“允许”自己做什么),如 Could I have a window seat, please?——问对方是否允许;Could you...?(请求“对方”为自己做什么),如 Could you tell me the price?——请对方帮忙,因“麻烦对方”而礼貌度更高。两个都属于委婉档,但 Could you 用于“请对方做事”,首次接触、请求帮忙时优先用 Could you。
(二)信息完整度这条轴
得体的另一面是把关键信息说全:订什么(a double room)、什么时候(for two nights)、几个人、住哪天。光说“我要订房”,对方还得追问,既啰嗦又显得没准备。
对照:只说 I would like a room. 信息不完整;说 I would like to book a double room for two nights, please. 信息完整,一句话把“对象+时长”都说清,对方一听就懂。
预订信息五要素清单(开口前按此自查“说全了没有”):①对象(room / ticket / table,订的是什么)②数量(for two nights / for four people / a single ticket,订几晚、几人、几张)③时间(for tonight / on the morning of…,什么时候)④偏好(window seat / non-smoking floor / table near the window,可选可不选,但说了更完整)⑤身份(name / contact,报名字或联系方式)。五要素不必每次全用,但对象、数量、时间这三项是预订必报的“核心三要素”,少一项对方就得追问。
(三)用坐标判断一段应答
拿刚才的 A 版来测:I want book a double room two nights.(礼貌程度低,且 book 前漏 to、two nights 前漏 for,信息表达有语病)——两条轴都不达标。B 版:I would like to book a double room for two nights. Could you tell me the price, please?(礼貌到位,信息完整)——双达标。判断应答,就用这两条轴过一遍。
试一试:说一句你自己的预订表达,用这两条轴各评一次,看差在哪条轴。
四、核心词汇:预订场景的“血肉”(用法全解)
这一节不罗列词义,而是把预订场景最常用的词讲透——讲搭配、讲辨析、讲考点、讲易错,能直接用在情景交际和语法填空里。
(一)book / reserve / reservation:预订
book 和 reserve 都表“预订”,口语中 book 更常用、reserve 更正式,作动词可互换。reservation 是名词,固定搭配 make a reservation for two 为两人订位。
考点与易错:book 后必须加冠词或限定词,不说 book room,要说 book a room / book the room;make a reservation 的冠词 a 不能丢。
例句:I would like to reserve a table for four, please. / We made a reservation in advance.
(二)available:可获得的、有空的
用法:作后置定语修饰名词,如 Do you have a double room available?(可获得的房间)。它不放在名词前说 available room(虽然语法可通,但“后置定语”是高频考点)。
易错:拼写是 avail-able,中间两个 a,写成 available;注意别漏中间那个 a 或写成 avalible。
高考考点:available 在听力中常被快速带过、容易被漏听(Do you have a room available tonight?),抓听时重点抓“有没有 + available”这个结构;在语法填空中可作后置定语(a room available)也可作表语(The room is available),判断时看它修饰的是名词(定语)还是跟在 be 后(表语)。写作里表示“有空房/空位”都用它,比 free 更正式。
(三)房型:double room / twin room / single room
double room 一张大床的双人房;twin room 两张单人床的双床房;single room 单人房。
易错:twin 是“双床”,double 是“大床”,做题和开口都别混。题干问“有两张单人床的房间”要选 twin room。
(四)check in / check out
check in 入住、check out 退房,都是动词短语;名词带连字符写成 check-in / check-out。例:We checked in at the hotel at ten.
(五)luggage:行李(不可数)
考点:luggage 不可数,一条行李说 a piece of luggage,两条说 two pieces of luggage,没有 luggages 的复数形式。
(六)fare / charge / price:三种“价”
fare 交通票价(the bus fare);charge 收费/费用(a service charge);price 商品价格(the price of the ticket)。订票问票价用 fare,买东西问价格用 price。
同一语境替换对比练一练(在横线处填入 fare / charge / price):
①The bus ______ to the airport is 20 yuan.
②The hotel adds a service ______ of 30 yuan.
③What is the ______ of this coat?
想一想:订票问票价用哪个?问服务费听哪个?买东西问价格用哪个?
(七)arrive at / arrive in
arrive 接小地方用 at(arrive at the airport),接大地方用 in(arrive in Shanghai)。这是固定搭配,语法填空高频。
易错补充:arrive 后接地点副词(home, here, there)时不加介词——arrive home(不说 arrive at home);同义的 reach 是及物动词,后直接接地点、不加介词——reach Shanghai(不说 reach in Shanghai)。这是语法填空的高频设空点,判断时看清后面接的是“大地方/小地方/地点副词”再决定要不要介词。
五、核心知识二:把“想说的”转成“得体的表达”
这一节解决“直译转礼貌”的难题:脑子里那句直译(I want...),怎么换成得体的说法。动手就三件事:换软词、加请词、补信息。
(一)软词:把 want 换成 I would like to
直译:I want a double room. → 得体:I would like to book a double room.
直译:I want a ticket to Shanghai. → 得体:I would like a ticket to Shanghai, please.
直译:I want to ask the price. → 得体:Could you tell me the price?
(二)请词:把生硬命令换成礼貌请求
Could you ...? / Would you ...? / May I ...? 是预订场景最常用的礼貌套话,功能是“把要求变成请求”。
Could you please keep my luggage?(请帮我照看行李)
May I have your name, please?(请问您的名字?)
(三)补信息:把关键信息一次说全
订房:I would like to book a double room for two nights, please.
订票:I would like a single ticket to Kunming on the morning of September 12th, please.
订餐:I would like to reserve a table for four at half past six, please.
(四)转换练习(基础层)
1. I want a cheap room. → ______
2. I want to ask the way. → ______
3. I want to know the price. → ______
六、核心知识三:现在进行时表将来(讲因果)
预订和安排离不开“我打算做什么”。本单元语法点是用现在进行时表示已经安排好的将来。这一节不只讲“怎么用”,更讲清“为什么这么用”。
(一)语法选择的因果:时态由“落实程度”决定
同样说“我下周去北京”,用哪种时态,取决于这件事“落实了多少”。安排越落实,越倾向用进行时:
I am meeting him at the airport tomorrow.(已约好)
I am going to visit my grandparents this winter.(打算)
The phone is ringing. I will answer it.(临时)
所以,与其说是时态在“选”,不如说是“事情落实的程度”在替你定时态。这一判断,是选择时态的总开关。
(二)形式与判断
形式:am / is / are + 动词-ing,常用 go, come, leave, arrive, fly, stay, meet 等“可安排”动词。判断用三个条件:①有将来时间状语(tomorrow, next week);②是已安排的计划;③是可安排动词。三条齐备,锁定现在进行时表将来。
(三)-ing 拼写与易错
一般加 -ing:go→going;去 e 加 -ing:leave→leaving;双写辅音:plan→planning;ie 变 y:die→dying。
易错一:必须有 be 动词,We are leaving(不是 We leaving)。
易错二:静态动词(like, know)不用于进行时表将来。
易错三:固定时刻表用一般现在时:The train leaves at 8:30;但“我安排好”用进行时:I am taking the 8:30 train. 同样是“将来”,一个按时刻表、一个按个人安排,时态不同,这是高频考点。
(四)语法填空小练(基础层)
1. We ______ (leave) for Hangzhou this weekend.
2. The flight ______ (take) off at ten according to the timetable.
3. My parents ______ (arrive) tomorrow morning.
七、核心知识四:听力——听懂“服务方要你答什么”
预订听力里,最怕的不是听不懂单词,而是不知道对方这句话要我干什么。把服务方的话按“意图”分四类,听懂每一类该答什么,听力就有主心骨。
判断依据:服务方的每一句话,都在“推”你给出某一类信息或确认。听到 Could you spell that,就准备拼名字;听到 How much,就准备听价格。先判断“要我答什么”,再去找答案,数字、名字就不会漏。
数字陷阱提醒(听力高频失分点)
· 易混音:thirteen / thirty、fifteen / fifty,带 -teen 重音在后。
· 单位:价格常带 a night / per person,漏了单位价格就听偏。
· 时间:8:30 可能说 eight thirty,也可能用 24 小时制(fifteen hundred = 15:00),听清早晚。
· 日期要听全:the morning of September 12th 不等于 September 12th,早上和晚上是不同信息。
八、听力训练(教师朗读稿,分层)
以下对话由教师朗读,学生合上文本、听音完成信息抓取,训练“听清话轮意图、抓准关键信息”的能力。语速可由教师按班级水平控制。
先把耳朵放空两秒再开始——急着抓信息的人,往往一个数字都没抓准。
训练一:订票对话(话轮意图填空,基础层)
【教师朗读稿】听一段电话订票,判断每句服务方的话要你答什么,再填关键信息。
操作步骤(建议播放两遍):第一遍只听“话轮意图”——先不填信息,只判断每一句服务方的话要你答什么(报需求/答日期/听票价/报名字);第二遍再抓取关键信息(时间、票价、名字拼写),边听边填。两遍各司其职,避免“判断意图”和“抓信息”同时进行导致顾此失彼。
Agent: Good afternoon, Air China. How can I help you?
Caller: I would like a single ticket to Kunming, please.
Agent: For which date?
Caller: On the morning of September 12th.
Agent: We have a flight at 9:15. The fare is 620 yuan one way. Would you like to book it?
Caller: Yes, please. My name is Li Ming.
Agent: Could you spell that?
Caller: L-I, M-I-N-G.
①开场寒暄后,你要答:______
②“For which date”要你答:______
③起飞与票价:______
④最后要你:______
训练二:酒店改订(选择判断,提升层)
【教师朗读稿】听对话,选出正确答案。
Reception: Good evening, Sea View Hotel. How can I help you?
Guest: I booked a single room for tonight, but I would like to change it to a double room.
Reception: Let me check. Yes, we have a double room available on the fifth floor.
Guest: Could you tell me how much more it costs?
Reception: A single room is 300 yuan and a double room is 450 yuan. So it is 150 yuan more.
Guest: That is fine. I will take it. My name is Zhang Wei.
Reception: Thank you, Mr Zhang. Room 508, on the fifth floor. Enjoy your stay.
1. The guest wants to change to ______. A. a single room B. a twin room C. a double room D. a suite
2. The double room is on the ______ floor. A. third B. fifth C. eighth D. sixth
3. The guest needs to pay ______ more for the double room. A. 150 yuan B. 300 yuan C. 450 yuan D. 600 yuan
判断提示:听力里问的是“多付多少(how much more)”,你要找的是差价;B、C 分别是单人间、双人间的价格,D 是干扰。听题先抓住“问的是哪一种”,比埋头算出数值更重要——这正是高考听力“题干导向”的考法。
训练三:餐馆订位(填空,挑战层——信息更密集)
【教师朗读稿】请完成填空。
Waiter: Good evening, Green Garden Restaurant. How can I help you?
Caller: I would like to reserve a table for four, please.
Waiter: For what time?
Caller: At half past six this evening.
Waiter: Would you prefer a table near the window?
Caller: Yes, please. My name is Chen Yu.
①人数:______
②时间:______
③座位偏好:______
④身份:______
九、情景交际操练(分层)
(一)把直译改得体(基础层)
1. I want a window seat. → ______
2. I want to know the price. → ______
(二)补全对话(提升层)
语境提示:这是晚上 6 点后打给“阳光餐厅”的订位电话,餐厅营业到晚 10 点——你订的“7 点”自然指晚上 7 点。
A: Good evening, Sunshine Restaurant. We open from 6 pm to 10 pm. How can I help you?
B: ______(我想订一张四人桌,今晚7点,please)
A: No problem. ______(请问您的名字?)
B: Wang Fang, W-A-N-G F-A-N-G.
A: Thank you. We look forward to seeing you.
自检:如果第一空只说 I want a table,哪条轴不合格?用“得体两轴”过一遍你填的两个空。
十、单句语法填空(分层,标注考点)
按考点与难度分两组,先练“时态/词形”,再练“预订词汇固定搭配”。
(一)时态与词形(基础层)
1. We ______ (fly) to Sanya this winter, and the hotel is already booked. (考点:现在进行时表将来)
2. The concert ______ (start) at seven, so we had better leave now. (考点:时刻表一般现在时)
3. My sister ______ (arrive) at the airport at ten tomorrow. (考点:现在进行时表将来)
(二)预订词汇与固定搭配(提升层)
4. I have made a ______ (reserve) for two under the name of Li Ming. (考点:make a reservation)
5. Do you have a double room ______ (avail) for tonight? (考点:available 后置定语)
6. We checked ______ at the hotel and went out for dinner. (考点:check in)
7. The ______ (depart) time of the train has changed. (考点:名词作定语)
8. How much is the bus ______ (fares)? (考点:fare 交通票价)
十一、综合语篇:语法填空(对标高考)
以下语篇按高考语法填空形态设计:在完整语篇中设空,考点均衡(时态、非谓语、词性转换、固定搭配、介词/连词),难度由易到难。先做语篇一、二,再做语篇三。
语篇一:旅行安排(中档)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
My family is planning a trip to Guilin next month. We ______1 (book) a room in a hotel near the Li River, because the view there is wonderful. We ______2 (stay) in Guilin for three days and then move on to Yangshuo.
Before we set off, I checked the weather online. It is said to be warm and sunny, so we only need to pack some light clothes. We have also made a ______3 (reserve) for a boat trip along the river. The fare ______4 (be) 180 yuan per person, which is quite reasonable.
My parents are quite excited. My mother is busy ______5 (prepare) some local snacks for the journey. We are looking forward to ______6 (see) the beautiful mountains and the clear water.
If you are free that week, why not ______7 (join) us? I am sure you will enjoy it.
语篇二:酒店入住(中档)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When we arrived ______8 the hotel, the receptionist asked us to check in. We had booked a double room ______9 (advance), so it only took a few minutes. The room was clean and bright, with a beautiful view ______10 the sea.
The next morning, we went down to the dining hall for breakfast, which was included in the price. After breakfast, we planned ______11 (visit) the old town nearby. The weather was perfect, so we decided ______12 (go) there on foot.
语篇三:朋友间的旅行对话(挑战层)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I am meeting my friend at the railway station tomorrow. We have booked two tickets ______1 (advance), so we do not need to worry. My friend is bringing a ______2 (suitcase) and a small bag.
We are taking the night train ______3 (leave) at nine. By the time we arrive, ______4 city will be quiet, but we are planning ______5 (walk) around the old streets ______6 the morning. I cannot wait ______7 (start) the journey. The night train is ______8 (relax), so we can sleep on the way.
十二、单项选择:分层检测
(一)基础层
1. — How can I help you? — ______ a table for two, please. A. I would like to book B. I book C. I booked D. I am booking (考点:礼貌报需求,I would like to do)
2. We ______ for Guangzhou tomorrow and everything is ready. A. leave B. are leaving C. will leaving D. left (考点:现在进行时表将来,安排已定)
3. — Do you have a single room available? — ______, let me check. A. Just a moment B. No way C. Never mind D. Do not mention it (考点:情景交际“请稍等”)
4. He booked a ______ room, which has two single beds. A. single B. double C. twin D. empty (考点:twin 双床房)
(二)提升层
5. The train ______ at 8:30 every morning, so please arrive before that. A. is leaving B. leaves C. left D. has left (考点:时刻表一般现在时)
6. I am going to visit the museum, but I have not decided yet. I ______ there next week. A. am going B. will go C. go D. went (考点:尚未决定,用 will 表将来的意向)
7. We have only one piece of ______, so we can move around easily. A. luggage B. luggages C. luggage is D. baggages (考点:luggage 不可数)
8. I have two pieces of ______ and one small bag. A. luggage B. luggages C. a luggage D. the luggages (考点:不可数名词用量词)
(三)挑战层(易混时态综合)
9. We have booked a room, so we ______ there for two nights. A. stay B. are staying C. stayed D. will staying (考点:已订房,安排落实用进行时表将来)
10. — May I have your name, please? — ______. A. Yes, I am B. My name is Li Ming C. No, thanks D. That is right (考点:报名字应答)
11. The flight ______ at 9:15, so we should be at the airport early. A. is leaving B. leaves C. left D. has left (考点:时刻表一般现在时)
12. We are ______ a boat trip along the river tomorrow. A. take B. taking C. took D. takes (考点:现在进行时表将来)
想一想:第 6 题、第 9 题都考“确定度”,为什么一个用 will、一个用进行时?结合“落实程度”判断。
十三、易错点集中梳理
1. book a room 要加冠词,不说 book room。
2. available 作后置定语(have a room available),拼写双 a。
3. twin room 双床,double room 一张大床。
4. luggage 不可数:a piece of luggage。
5. 进行时表将来要有 be 动词且 -ing 正确:plan→planning。
6. arrive at 接小地方,arrive in 接大地方。
7. fare 交通票价 / charge 收费 / price 商品价格。
易错速测(判断正误并改正)
1. 判断:We are planing a trip. → ______
2. 判断:two luggages → ______
3. 选择:The flight ______ at ten. A. arrive B. arrives C. arriving D. is arriving
十四、礼貌得体进阶:礼貌随对象与场合变化
礼貌程度不是固定的,它随对象、场合、亲疏变化——“得体坐标”里礼貌那条轴会动的关键,正在于此。同一句“帮我订票”,对谁说、在什么场合,说法要跟着变。
规律:越不熟、越正式,越要委婉。电话里订房(看不见对方)比当面问路更讲礼貌;书面预约比口头问更讲究。预订场景大多是“初次 + 正式”,所以 I would like to 和 Could you 是万能保险,不会错。
综合判断:给下面的句子排礼貌高低(由低到高),把顺序写在横线上:
①Book a room. ②Could you book a room for me, please? ③I would like to book a room, please. ④Would it be possible to book a room?
我的排序:______
十五、易混词辨析与角色扮演
(一)易混词辨析
book / reserve / order:book 与 reserve 都表预订可互换;order 是点餐/订购(order a meal)。预订房间用 book a room,点外卖用 order food,不要混用。
trip / travel / tour / journey:trip 短途可数(a business trip);travel 泛指、不可数(不说 a travel);tour 观光(a city tour);journey 较长路程(a long journey)。
full board 全食宿 / half board 半食宿;boarding pass 登机牌;gate 登机口;receptionist 前台接待员;pack 打包(pack my bags)。
(二)角色扮演三场景
两人一组,一方当服务方、一方当客人,用“得体坐标”走完对话(注意用 I would like to、Could you、please,并把关键信息说全)。
1. 场景一订酒店:客人要订一间双人房两晚,问价格,报名字。
2. 场景二订火车票:客人要一张去上海的票,问时间、票价、座位。
3. 场景三订餐厅:客人订四人、晚7点、靠窗,报名字。
提示:开口前先想两句——“我该多客气”(对谁说话)+“我有没有说全关键信息”(对象/时间/数量/价格/名字)。两句都想清了,说得就得体。
十六、预订场景高频表达速查表
把本讲最重要的功能句汇成一张表,考前翻一遍、开口练一遍,预订场景就稳了。
使用建议:这张表按“话轮链”排列,左列是服务方的话、右列是客人该答的话。练“说”时,沿话轮链左右对练,把信息位(时间/数量/价格/名字)填进去就是完整对话;练“听”时,盯住括号里标出的听力关键词(date / nights / price / name / available),这些词一出现就知道该抓哪类信息。一张表同时服务“说”与“听”。
话轮
服务方常用句(听力重点抓这些词)
客人常用句
开场
How can I help you? / What can I do for you?(抓 help)
I would like to book / reserve a double room, please.
报需求
For which date? / How many nights?(抓 date / nights)
I would like a single ticket to Kunming, please.
问时间
When would you like to check in?(抓 when / time)
On the morning of September 12th.
问有无
Do you have a room available?(抓 available)
Yes, please. / Do you have a window seat available?
问数量
How many people / tickets do you need?(抓 how many)
For four people / for two nights.
问价格
How much is it a night? / What is the price?(抓 how much / price)
Could you tell me the price, please?
问类型
Which kind would you like?(抓 kind / window / aisle)
A window seat, please.
身份
May I have your name, please? / Could you spell that?(抓 name / spell)
My name is Li Ming. L-I M-I-N-G.
确认
Would you like to confirm? / Let me check.(抓 confirm / check)
Yes, please.
结束
We look forward to seeing you. / Thank you for calling.(抓 thank you)
Thank you. Goodbye.
十七、本讲知识网络(巩固回顾)
这一讲其实只讲了三条线,用这张网络自检:开口前问“得体吗”,听对话时盯“话轮意图”,写作时用“进行时表将来”。请把横线处补充完整。
1. 说——得体坐标两轴:礼貌程度(软词______、请词______)+ 信息完整度(______说全)。
2. 听——话轮意图四类:开场(______)、核实(______)、查证(______)、收尾(______)。
3. 写——现在进行时表将来三条件:______ + ______ + ______。
补一组预订里的进行时表将来例句,考场上直接套:We are staying at a hotel near the beach for three nights. The guide is taking us around the old town tomorrow. My father is meeting us at the station. 三句都表“已安排好的计划”。
注:开口前的“五要素自查”(对象/数量/时间/偏好/身份)已在三(二)信息完整度部分给出,复习时回到三(二)对照即可。
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