2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册暑期语法预习—动词被动语态（浙江地区适用）

**基本信息** 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册暑期语法预习同步练（浙江适用），聚焦动词被动语态，通过“一般现在时→一般过去时→含情态动词”分层设计，实现从基础识别到综合应用的知识巩固，培养语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |一般现在时|被动语态基本结构及4种核心句型|选择题（如第1-8题）考查语态识别，填空题（如9-14题）强化过去分词形式，基础题占比60%| |一般过去时|过去时态被动结构及语境应用|含情境选择题（如第1题树木种植）结合时态标志词，填空题（如12题音乐吸引）融入动作场景，进阶题占比30%| |含情态动词|情态动词被动结构及语用表达|选择题（如1-4题）综合情态动词与被动，填空题（如7题翻译）提升语境应用能力，综合题占比10%|

2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册暑期语法预习—动词被动语态（浙江地区适用） ★核心知识点 1.概念： 英语动词有两种语态，分别为主动语态和被动语态。当主语为动作的执行者时，谓语的形式为主动语态。当主语为动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。 2.基本结构： 主动语态：主语+谓语+宾语 eg：I open the door.（我开门。） 被动语态：主语 + 助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词 + （by+动作执行者）+ 其他成分 eg：The door is opened.（门被打开了。） 3.被动语态的4种核心句型： （1）肯定句：主语+be动词+done+（by+动作执行者）+其他成分。 （2）否定句：主语+be动词+not+done+（by+动作执行者）+其他成分。 （3）一般疑问句：Be动词+主语+done+（by+动作执行者）+其他成分？ （4）特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be动词+主语+done+（by+动作执行者）+其他成分？ 4. 8种时态的被动语态： 时态变化核心要点：be变时态，分词不变 时 态 被动结构 例 句 一般现在时 am/is/are+done The room is cleaned every day. （房间每天被打扫。） 一般过去时 was/were+done The window was broken yesterday. （窗户昨天被打碎了。） 一般将来时 will be+done A new bridge will be built next year. （一座新桥明年将被建造。） 现在进行时 am/is/are being+done The road is being repaired now. （路正在被修理。） 过去进行时 was/were being+done The house was being painted at 8 pm. （昨晚8点房子正在被粉刷。） 现在完成时 have/has been+done My bike has been stolen. （我的自行车被偷了。） 过去完成时 had been+done He said the work had been finished. （他说工作已经被完成了。） 将来完成时 would be+done He said a meeting would be held soon. （他说不久将举行一个会议。） 5.含情态动词的被动语态： （1）结构：情态动词 + be + 及物动词的过去分词 （2）can：The problem can be solved. 问题可以被解决。 （3）should：You should be praised. 你应该被表扬。 （4）must：The work must be finished today. 工作必须今天完成。 （5）may：This book may be borrowed. 这本书可能被借走了。 （6）need：The room needs to be cleaned. 房间需要被打扫。 （7）特殊情况： ·have to→have to be done（不得不被做） ·ought to→ought to be done（应该被做） 6.主动语态变为被动语态的方法： 原句：Tom writes a letter.（汤姆写信。） 第一步：找成分：确定主动句的主、谓、宾→Tom（主语）、writes（谓语）、a letter（宾语） 第二步：调位置：宾语提前作主语+be+过去分词→A letter is written… 第三步：处理原主语：加by+原主语（可省略）→A letter is written by Tom. （注：没必要说出动作的执行者时可略去“by+宾语”） 一般现在时被动语态专项练习： 1.Digital payment ________ widely in our daily life now—almost everyone uses it. A．uses B．is used C．used D．was used 2.The books in the library ________ very carefully. A．are kept B．keep C．is kept D．kept 3.—Will you go to the literature salon?   —I won’t go unless I ________. A．will invite B．will be invited C．invite D．am invited 4.下列句子中，一般现在时被动语态使用正确的是： A．Old clothes collected by the organization. B．Old clothes are collected by the organization. C．Old clothes is collected by the organization. D．Old clothes were collected by the organization. 5.Every day, too much water ________ in our school. We should save it. A．is wasted B．wastes C．was wasted D．wasted 6.In Miss Lin’s class, many chances __________ to students to learn from each other. A．offer B．offered C．are offering D．are offered 7.The light bulb which was invented by Edison ________ now. A．was widely used B．is widely used C．will be widely used D．used widely 8.—Dad, can I watch TV for a while? —Sorry. Not until your homework ________ this evening. A．will be finished B．will finish C．finished D．is finished 9.All the students are ________ (encourage) to take part in after-school activities. 10.Snow leopards are _________ (protect) in China. 11.Mrs Li is full of kindness and wisdom (智慧), so she ________ (respect) by all her students. 12.The girl has no time because she ________ (make) to practice playing the piano all day. 13.Most private cars ________ (not allow) in downtown Singapore. 14.The traffic lights are ________ (control) by a central computer. 15.The invention of paper money changed the world. (改为同义句) _____________________________________________________ 一般过去时被动语态专项练习： 1.—Your city looks beautiful! —Yes. Lots of trees and grass ______ last year. A．are planted B．have planted C．were planting D．were planted 2.—How delicious the cake is! —Thanks. It ________ by my mother last night. A．makes B．made C．was made D．is made 3.These books ________ to the library yesterday. A．returned B．were returned C．are returned D．return 4.The little girl _____ go to school, though she didn’t want to go there. A．wanted to B．was forced to C．is forced to D．liked to 5.They _____ the guide not to go there again. A．were old B．told by C．were told by D．were told with 6.Paper-making ________ in China around 2,000 years ago. A．invent B．is invented C．invented D．was invented 7.The weak glue ________ by accident, but later it created sticky notes. A．discovered B．was discovered C．discovers D．is discovered 8.Tina didn’t go to his birthday party because she _________. A．didn’t invite B．wasn’t invited C．invited D．isn’t invited 9.He was ________ (出生) in Boston. 10.Long long ago, this area was ________ (cover) with a thick forest. 11.The driver’s face was ______ (colour) with fear after the crash. 12.The boy ________（attract）by the beauty of the music and played it again and again. 13.Luckily, the little cat _________ (safe) at last. 14.Three bad men broke in and the shopkeeper ________ (force) to hand over all his money. 15.肖邦的一生虽然短暂，但他被誉为世界上最伟大的钢琴家之一。   During his short lifetime, he was ________ as one of the world’s greatest ________. 含情态动词被动语态专项练习： 1.No matter how many difficulties we have, I believe all the problems can ________ in the end. A．solve B．be solved C．be solving D．be to solve 2.Special food and oxygen ________ for astronauts in space. A．must prepare B．must be prepared C．have prepared D．are preparing 3.The old people must be looked after well and ____ politely. A．speak to B．spoken C．spoke to D．spoken to 4.—I think students ____ to take mobile phones to school. —I agree with you. In that case, they can ask for help whenever they are in need. A．should allow B．shouldn't allow C．should be allowed D．shouldn't be allowed 5.All the villagers should be well ________ for the coming drought. Make any possible ________, or we will suffer from a great loss. (prepare) 6.Children should ________ (educate) in a correct way. 7.你的卧室必须马上打扫干净。 Your bedroom ________ ________ ________ right now. 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册暑期语法预习—动词被动语态（浙江地区适用） ★核心知识点 1.概念： 英语动词有两种语态，分别为主动语态和被动语态。当主语为动作的执行者时，谓语的形式为主动语态。当主语为动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。 2.基本结构： 主动语态：主语+谓语+宾语 eg：I open the door.（我开门。） 被动语态：主语 + 助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词 + （by+动作执行者）+ 其他成分 eg：The door is opened.（门被打开了。） 3.被动语态的4种核心句型： （1）肯定句：主语+be动词+done+（by+动作执行者）+其他成分。 （2）否定句：主语+be动词+not+done+（by+动作执行者）+其他成分。 （3）一般疑问句：Be动词+主语+done+（by+动作执行者）+其他成分？ （4）特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be动词+主语+done+（by+动作执行者）+其他成分？ 4. 8种时态的被动语态： 时态变化核心要点：be变时态，分词不变 时 态 被动结构 例 句 一般现在时 am/is/are+done The room is cleaned every day. （房间每天被打扫。） 一般过去时 was/were+done The window was broken yesterday. （窗户昨天被打碎了。） 一般将来时 will be+done A new bridge will be built next year. （一座新桥明年将被建造。） 现在进行时 am/is/are being+done The road is being repaired now. （路正在被修理。） 过去进行时 was/were being+done The house was being painted at 8 pm. （昨晚8点房子正在被粉刷。） 现在完成时 have/has been+done My bike has been stolen. （我的自行车被偷了。） 过去完成时 had been+done He said the work had been finished. （他说工作已经被完成了。） 将来完成时 would be+done He said a meeting would be held soon. （他说不久将举行一个会议。） 5.含情态动词的被动语态： （1）结构：情态动词 + be + 及物动词的过去分词 （2）can：The problem can be solved. 问题可以被解决。 （3）should：You should be praised. 你应该被表扬。 （4）must：The work must be finished today. 工作必须今天完成。 （5）may：This book may be borrowed. 这本书可能被借走了。 （6）need：The room needs to be cleaned. 房间需要被打扫。 （7）特殊情况： ·have to→have to be done（不得不被做） ·ought to→ought to be done（应该被做） 6.主动语态变为被动语态的方法： 原句：Tom writes a letter.（汤姆写信。） 第一步：找成分：确定主动句的主、谓、宾→Tom（主语）、writes（谓语）、a letter（宾语） 第二步：调位置：宾语提前作主语+be+过去分词→A letter is written… 第三步：处理原主语：加by+原主语（可省略）→A letter is written by Tom. （注：没必要说出动作的执行者时可略去“by+宾语”） 一般现在时被动语态专项练习： 1.Digital payment ________ widely in our daily life now—almost everyone uses it. A．uses B．is used C．used D．was used 【答案】B 【详解】句意：数字支付在我们的日常生活中被广泛使用—几乎每个人都使用它。 考查被动语态和现在时态。uses使用，一般现在时态，主动语态；is used一般现在时态，被动语态；used一般过去时态，主动语态；was used一般过去时态，被动语态。根据主语Digital payment，可知其为单数，且由now可知为现在时，需用现在时的被动语态is used。故选B。 2.The books in the library ________ very carefully. A．are kept B．keep C．is kept D．kept 【答案】A 【详解】句意：图书馆里的书籍被妥善保管。 主语The books与keep之间为被动关系，该句陈述常态应使用一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are+动词过去分词”，主语是复数，be动词用are，因此选are kept。 3.—Will you go to the literature salon?   —I won’t go unless I ________. A．will invite B．will be invited C．invite D．am invited 【答案】D 【详解】句意：—你会去文学沙龙吗？—除非我被邀请，否则我不会去。 unless引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句是一般将来时，从句需用一般现在时；主语I与invite之间是被动关系，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。 4.下列句子中，一般现在时被动语态使用正确的是： A．Old clothes collected by the organization. B．Old clothes are collected by the organization. C．Old clothes is collected by the organization. D．Old clothes were collected by the organization. 【答案】B 【详解】句意：下列句子中，被动语态使用正确的是： A.旧衣服被这个组织收集；B.旧衣服被这个组织收集；C.旧衣服被这个组织收集；D.旧衣服被这个组织收集。被动语态结构为“be+过去分词”，主语Old clothes是复数名词，be动词需用复数形式。A项缺少be动词；C项is是单数形式，主谓不一致；D项were是过去式；B项are collected符合语法和语境。 5.Every day, too much water ________ in our school. We should save it. A．is wasted B．wastes C．was wasted D．wasted 【答案】A 【详解】句意：每天，我们学校都有太多的水被浪费了。我们应该节约用水。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据Every day可知，句子应用一般现在时，主语为too much water，与动词waste之间存在被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，be动词应用is，waste的过去分词为wasted。故选A。 6.In Miss Lin’s class, many chances __________ to students to learn from each other. A．offer B．offered C．are offering D．are offered 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在林老师的班上，学生们有很多互相学习的机会。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。A. offer动词原形；B. offered过去式；C. are offering现在进行时；D. are offered一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意可知，chances和谓语offer之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态，故选D。 7.The light bulb which was invented by Edison ________ now. A．was widely used B．is widely used C．will be widely used D．used widely 【答案】B 【详解】句意：爱迪生发明的灯泡现在被广泛使用。 考查被动语态。根据now可知，此处是现在时。此处指灯泡被使用，应为被动语态，即is widely used。故选B。 8.—Dad, can I watch TV for a while? —Sorry. Not until your homework ________ this evening. A．will be finished B．will finish C．finished D．is finished 【答案】D 【详解】句意：—爸爸，我能看一会儿电视吗？—抱歉。直到今晚你的作业完成（之后才能看）。 考查被动语态。根据Not until your homework…this evening.以及选项可知，此处指“直到今晚你的作业完成”，句子时态为一般现在时，主语your homework与动词finish之间是被动关系，句子应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are done”。故选D。 9.All the students are ________ (encourage) to take part in after-school activities. 【答案】encouraged 【详解】句意：所有学生都被鼓励参加课外活动。 句中主语All the students是动作encourage的承受者，空格前已有be动词are，应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are+过去分词”。encourage的过去分词为encouraged，故填encouraged。 10.Snow leopards are _________ (protect) in China. 【答案】protected 【详解】句意：雪豹在中国受到保护。 主语snow leopards与动词protect是被动关系，需使用被动语态；被动语态的结构为“be 动词 + 动词的过去分词”，将protect变为过去分词protected。 11.Mrs Li is full of kindness and wisdom (智慧), so she ________ (respect) by all her students. 【答案】is respected 【详解】句意：李老师满怀仁慈与智慧，因此她受所有学生尊敬。 主语she与respect之间是被动关系，应用被动语态be done；根据前半句Mrs Li is…可知，时态为一般现在时，且主语she是单数，因此be动词用is，动词变为过去分词形式respected。 12.The girl has no time because she ________ (make) to practice playing the piano all day. 【答案】is made 【详解】句意：这个女孩没有时间，因为她被迫整天练习弹钢琴。 根据所给单词和she … to practice可知，make在此作使役动词，表示“使；使成为”，常用于make sb. do sth.的结构中，she和make之间为被动关系，其被动语态结构为sb. be made to do sth.，表示“某人被迫/被强制做某事”，句子时态为一般现在时，she为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is made。 13.Most private cars ________ (not allow) in downtown Singapore. 【答案】are not allowed/aren’t allowed 【详解】句意：在新加坡的市中心，大多数私家车是不被允许的。 allow“允许”，是动词。分析句子结构可知，主语Most private cars与动词allow之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，陈述事实用一般现在时，其结构是“am/is/are+done”，主语是复数，be动词用are，否定直接在be动词后加not，故填are not allowed/aren’t allowed。 14.The traffic lights are ________ (control) by a central computer. 【答案】controlled 【详解】句意：红绿灯是由一台中央计算机控制的。 分析句子可知The traffic lights和control构成一般现在时的被动关系。即主语+be done的结构。control过去分词为controlled。故填controlled。 15.The invention of paper money changed the world. (改为同义句) _____________________________________________________ 【答案】Paper money was invented and it changed the world. 【详解】句意：纸币的发明改变了世界。 改写时，可将名词短语The invention of paper money拆解为一个被动语态的句子Paper money was invented，再用并列连词and连接后半句it changed the world，其中it指代前面的Paper money was invented这件事，从而实现句意不变。故填Paper money was invented and it changed the world. 一般过去时被动语态专项练习： 1.—Your city looks beautiful! —Yes. Lots of trees and grass ______ last year. A．are planted B．have planted C．were planting D．were planted 【答案】D 【详解】句意：—你们的城市看起来很漂亮!—是的。去年种了许多树和草。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据last year可知，句子用一般过去时；主语trees and grass与动词plant之间是被动关系，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。 2.—How delicious the cake is! —Thanks. It ________ by my mother last night. A．makes B．made C．was made D．is made 【答案】C 【详解】句意：—这蛋糕真好吃！—谢谢。它是我妈妈昨晚做的。 考查被动语态。makes动词第三人称单数；made过去式；was made一般过去时被动语态；is made一般现在时被动语态。根据答语中的last night可知，动作发生在过去，且主语It指代蛋糕，与动词make之间是被动关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态（was/were + 过去分词）。结合语境，蛋糕是昨晚被制作的，故选C。 3.These books ________ to the library yesterday. A．returned B．were returned C．are returned D．return 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这些书昨天被归还给了图书馆。 根据时间状语yesterday可知，应用一般过去时；主语These books与return之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，即一般过去时的被动语态，应填were returned。 4.The little girl _____ go to school, though she didn’t want to go there. A．wanted to B．was forced to C．is forced to D．liked to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：小女孩被强迫去上学，虽然她不想去。 考查被动语态。want to想要干某事；be forced to被迫去做某事；like to do喜欢做某事。从后半句来看，属于一般过去时；所以C不对；从句意来看，属于被动，故选B。 5.They _____ the guide not to go there again. A．were old B．told by C．were told by D．were told with 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他们被导游告知不要再去那里了。 old是形容词意为“老的，旧的”，排除A。动词tell意为“告诉”，本句中他们只能是“被告知”，所以需要使用被动语态be done，排除B。在被动语态中通常需要使用by来引出动作的发出者，所以这里需要说by the guide，意为“被导游…”，故选C。 6.Paper-making ________ in China around 2,000 years ago. A．invent B．is invented C．invented D．was invented 【答案】D 【详解】句意：造纸术大约在2000年前在中国被发明。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。invent发明，动词原形；is invented被发明，一般现在时的被动语态；invented发明，一般过去时；was invented被发明，一般过去时的被动语态。主语Paper-making是动作invent的承受者，应用被动语态。根据时间状语around 2,000 years ago，可知动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故选D。 7.The weak glue ________ by accident, but later it created sticky notes. A．discovered B．was discovered C．discovers D．is discovered 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这种弱胶水偶然被发现了，但后来它造就了便利贴。 主语The weak glue与动词discover之间是被动关系，需用被动语态。根据后半句谓语动词created可知句子时态为一般过去时，此处用一般过去时的被动语态。 8.Tina didn’t go to his birthday party because she _________. A．didn’t invite B．wasn’t invited C．invited D．isn’t invited 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Tina没有去参加他的生日聚会，因为她没有被邀请。 根据Tina didn't go…可知，本句是一般过去时态；又因为主语是she与动词invite是被动关系；一般过去时态的被动语态的构成：was/were+动词的过去分词，结合句意“没有被邀请”，故答案选B。 9.He was ________ (出生) in Boston. 【答案】born 【详解】句意：他出生在波士顿。 was后接动词过去分词构成被动语态，“出生”对应过去分词born，固定搭配be born表示“出生于”，故填born。 10.Long long ago, this area was ________ (cover) with a thick forest. 【答案】covered 【详解】句意：很久很久以前，这个地区被茂密的森林覆盖着。 分析句子结构可知，空处所在句的主语与谓语为逻辑上的动宾关系，用被动语态。故填covered。 11.The driver’s face was ______ (colour) with fear after the crash. 【答案】coloured 【详解】句意：车祸发生后，司机的脸上满是惊恐。 此处是短语be coloured with，表示“被染成（某种颜色）”。coloured with fear字面意为“被恐惧染上了颜色”，这里引申为形容因极度害怕而脸色大变、神情惊恐的状态。故填coloured。 12.The boy ________（attract）by the beauty of the music and played it again and again. 【答案】was attracted 【详解】句意：男孩被这美妙的音乐所吸引，一遍又一遍地演奏。 主语boy与动词attract之间是被动关系，结合played可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态be done，主语是单数形式，be动词用was，故填was attracted。 13.Luckily, the little cat _________ (safe) at last. 【答案】was saved 【详解】句意：幸运的是，那只小猫最后被救了。 分析句子结构，可知此处应为谓语动词，safe的动词为save，其与主语the little cat存在被动关系，根据at last可知句子应用一般过去时，因此句子应用一般过去时的被动语态，其谓语结构为：was/were+过去分词，主语为the little cat，be动词用was，save的过去分词为saved。故填was saved。 14.Three bad men broke in and the shopkeeper ________ (force) to hand over all his money. 【答案】was forced 【详解】句意：三个坏人闯进来，那个店主被迫交出他所有的钱。 根据broke可知此处用一般过去时，结合句意，主语the shopkeeper与谓语force之间，是被动关系，故此处用被动语态，主语the shopkeeper是第三人称单数，故谓语用第三人称单数，故为was forced。 15.肖邦的一生虽然短暂，但他被誉为世界上最伟大的钢琴家之一。   During his short lifetime, he was ________ as one of the world’s greatest ________. 【答案】regarded pianists 【详解】①空：句中关键词was与as构成固定搭配be regarded as，含义是“被誉为、被视作”，此句为被动语态，regard需变为过去分词形式，故填regarded。 ②空：句中关键词one of the world's greatest后接可数名词复数，中文提示“钢琴家”对应单词pianist，复数形式为pianists，故填pianists。 含情态动词被动语态专项练习： 1.No matter how many difficulties we have, I believe all the problems can ________ in the end. A．solve B．be solved C．be solving D．be to solve 【答案】B 【详解】句意：不管我们有多少困难，我相信所有的问题最终都能解决。 考查被动语态。分析句子，问题能够“被解决”，且根据can可知，应为含有情态动词can的被动语态，构成为：can + be +动词过去分词。故选B。 2.Special food and oxygen ________ for astronauts in space. A．must prepare B．must be prepared C．have prepared D．are preparing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：必须为太空中的宇航员准备特制的食物和氧气。 must prepare必须准备（主动语态）；must be prepared必须被准备（被动语态）；have prepared已经准备好（主动语态）；are preparing正在准备（主动语态）。主语Special food and oxygen和动词prepare之间是被动关系，must be prepared符合语境。 3.The old people must be looked after well and ____ politely. A．speak to B．spoken C．spoke to D．spoken to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：老人必须好好照顾，并与之礼貌地说话。 本句是被动句，所以动词使用过去分词。speak to sb.与某人讲话，spoken是speak的过去分词。故选D。 4.—I think students ____ to take mobile phones to school. —I agree with you. In that case, they can ask for help whenever they are in need. A．should allow B．shouldn't allow C．should be allowed D．shouldn't be allowed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：—我认为学生应该被允许带手机去学校。—我同意你的观点。在这种情况下，他们可以在任何需要帮助的时候寻求帮助。 考查含有情态动词的被动语态。students与动词allow之间是被动关系，根据they can ask for help whenever they are in need可知表示“被允许做某事”，用should be allowed to do的结构。故选C。 5.All the villagers should be well ________ for the coming drought. Make any possible ________, or we will suffer from a great loss. (prepare) 【答案】prepared preparations 【详解】句意：所有的村民都应该为即将到来的旱灾做好充分准备。做任何可能的准备，否则我们将遭受巨大的损失。 第一空：be well prepared for是固定短语，表示“为……做好充分准备”；第二空：根据语境可知，此处指做任何可能的准备，make preparations是固定短语，表示“做准备”，所以第二空填preparations。 6.Children should ________ (educate) in a correct way. 【答案】be educated 【详解】句意：孩子们应该以正确的方式被教育。 educate“教育”，主语Children和educate之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，结构为“情态动词 + be + 过去分词”，educate的过去分词是educated。故填be；educated。 7.你的卧室必须马上打扫干净。 Your bedroom ________ ________ ________ right now. 【答案】must be cleaned 【详解】“必须”must；“打扫”clean。主语Your bedroom与动词clean之间是动宾关系，此处用含情态动词的被动语态must be done，clean的过去分词cleaned。故填must；be；cleaned。 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $