Unit 4 Our Memory（单元自测卷·安徽专用）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

**基本信息** 本单元卷以“记忆”为主题，融合科技前沿（如间隔重复法研究）与生活情境（如记忆技巧对话），全面考查语言能力与思维品质，适配九年级上册Unit 4复习需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项选择|10题/10分|核心词汇（如account, effective）、语法（宾语从句）|语境化考查记忆相关词汇辨析| |完形填空|20题/20分|动词短语（mix up）、科学概念（spaced repetition）|A篇动物记忆实验与B篇记忆方法研究，体现科学思维| |阅读理解|20题/40分|记忆策略（如联想记忆法）、科普知识（鱼类记忆）|E篇测试效应研究培养批判性思维，F篇前瞻记忆分类提升信息整合能力| |书面表达|1题/20分|建议类写作、记忆方法表达|结合真实需求（笔友请教），考查语言运用与学习能力|

2026-2027学年九年级上册英语单元自测·安徽专用 Unit 4 Our Memory 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1．You can open a bank ________ to keep your savings safe. A．bank B．account C．website D．budget 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你可以开立一个银行账户来保障你的存款安全。 bank银行；account账户；website网站；budget预算。bank account意为"银行账户"，是固定搭配。根据"keep your savings safe."可知，用来存放存款、保障钱财安全的是银行账户，account符合语境。 2．—Could you please tell me ________ the art museum is open? —It opens from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. every day. A．what B．why C．when D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我美术馆什么时候开放吗？——它每天上午9点到下午5点开放。 what什么；why为什么；when什么时候；where哪里。答语是具体的开放时间，问句要用表时间的连接词when引导宾语从句。 3．The teacher ________ us into five groups. Each group has ten students. A．divided B．disappeared C．doubted D．dropped 【答案】A 【详解】句意：老师把我们分成了五组。每组有十个学生。 divided划分；disappeared消失；doubted怀疑；dropped掉落。根据"into five groups"可知是把学生分成组，固定搭配divide...into...意为"把……分成……"。 4．—I'm so happy because I will go to the concert tomorrow. —Really? That's wonderful! Have you got the concert ________ yet? A．paper B．ticket C．menu D．magazine 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我很高兴，因为我明天要去音乐会。——真的吗？太棒了！你拿到音乐会的票了吗？ paper纸；ticket票；menu菜单；magazine杂志。根据上文"I will go to the concert tomorrow"可知是要去听音乐会，结合常识，参加音乐会需要门票，因此询问是否拿到了票。 5．Stephen Hawking is widely ________ as one of the greatest scientists of our time. A．realized B．recognized C．reviewed D．reminded 【答案】B 【详解】句意：史蒂芬·霍金被广泛公认为我们这个时代最伟大的科学家之一。 realized意识到；recognized公认；reviewed复习。根据"Stephen Hawking is widely ____ as one of the greatest scientists of our time."可知，此处使用固定搭配be recognized as，意为"被公认为……"，符合句子语境。 6．It is a(n) ________ way to memorize by creating pictures in your mind. A．effective B．likely C．stable D．recent 【答案】A 【详解】句意：通过在脑海中创造图片来记忆是一种有效的方法。 effective有效的；likely可能的；stable稳定的；recent近来的。根据句意，在脑海中创造图像能帮助记忆，是一种"有效"的方法，应填effective。 7．Many students often ________ similar English words, so they need to pay attention to details. A．mix up B．run out of C．put away D．divide into 【答案】A 【详解】句意：许多学生经常混淆相似的英语单词，所以他们需要注意细节。 mix up混淆；run out of用完；put away收起来；divide into分成。根据"similar English words"可知相似的单词容易弄混，结合"pay attention to details"可知需要仔细区分，mix up符合语境。 8．As the Palace Museum celebrates its 100th year, it reminds us ________. A．how we can take the journey B．why we must keep history alive C．how can we take the journey D．why must we keep history alive 【答案】B 【详解】句意：随着故宫博物院庆祝其100周年，它提醒我们为什么我们必须让历史鲜活下去。 结合语句"it reminds us…"及选项的提示可知，此处应用宾语从句，需用陈述语序，即"连接词 + 主语 + 谓语"；再根据"As the Palace Museum celebrates its 100th year"可知，百年庆典强调的是历史传承的意义，而非旅行方式，why we must keep history alive符合语境。 9．If you keep on working like this, you will _________ yourself _________. A．wear; out B．break; out C．give; out D．lay; out 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你继续这样干下去，你会累垮的。 考查动词短语。wear out使筋疲力竭；break out爆发；give out分发；lay out设计。根据前文"keep on working like this"可知，此处表示"坚持这样工作"，则会累垮自己。故选A。 10．—It is said that people in the Year of the Sheep are gentle. —Maybe, but for my mother, ________. In fact, she gets angry easily. A．that's not the case B．that's all right C．that's a good idea D．that's for sure 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——据说羊年出生的人性格温和。——也许吧，但对我妈妈来说，情况并非如此。事实上，她很容易生气。 考查情景交际。that's not the case情况并非如此；that's all right没关系；that's a good idea这是个好主意；that's for sure那是肯定的。根据"In fact, she gets angry easily"可知，妈妈并不温和，情况并非如此。故选A。 二、完形填空。(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A There is a saying that "an elephant never forgets" and research has shown this is somewhat true. Elephants are very good at remembering which animals are friendly and which are dangerous. Older 1 use this skill to keep the rest of their group safe from dangers. Squirrels also have quite good memories. In autumn, they bury lots of nuts in the ground to 2 them for winter. They depend on their memory and sense of smell to find the nuts and dig them back up to eat them. What about the other animals? Do they have a good memory? Scientists have tested how 3 goats, sheep and alpacas could remember where food was hidden. In one experiment, they placed food under two out of eight buckets in an area. The animals were then brought back later to see if they could 4 which buckets held the food. The goats found the food fastest and made 5 mistakes. Sheep struggled more, while alpacas were slow and often couldn’t finish in 6 . In another test, food was hidden under cups that were moved or mixed with empty ones. Goats still 7 . They easily remembered where the food was even when things changed. Sheep and alpacas, however, had 8 following the cups once they moved. The tests show that goats are 9 and have better memories than sheep and alpacas. Farm animals might be cleverer than we realize. It seems that memory plays an important 10 in the animal world. 1．A．elephants B．squirrels C．goats D．sheep 2．A．sell B．store C．share D．plant 3．A．soon B．often C．well D．long 4．A．forget B．change C．remember D．hide 5．A．more B．fewer C．bigger D．louder 6．A．danger B．silence C．time D．surprise 7．A．excelled B．failed C．slept D．left 8．A．fun B．luck C．trouble D．interest 9．A．slower B．smarter C．weaker D．younger 10．A．game B．joke C．trick D．role 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了大象、松鼠及山羊等动物的记忆力。通过科学实验对比，表明山羊记忆力较好，记忆在动物界很重要。 【详解】 1．句意：年长的大象利用这种技能保护族群的安全，让它们远离危险。 根据第一段首句"There is a saying that ‘an elephant never forgets’"及上下文逻辑，可知此处指大象。elephants"大象"符合，squirrels"松鼠"、goats"山羊"和sheep"绵羊"为其他段落提到的动物，不符合本段语境。 2．句意：秋天，它们把很多坚果埋在地里 就是为了储存它们过冬。 根据"bury lots of nuts"和"for winter"可知，埋坚果是为了储存食物过冬，store"储存"符合，sell"卖"、share"分享"和plant"种植"不符合松鼠过冬的习性逻辑。 3．句意：科学家测试了山羊、绵羊和羊驼能多好地记住食物藏在哪。 根据"tested how...could remember"可知，测试的是记忆能力的好坏。well"好"修饰动词remember，强调记忆力很好，soon"很快"、often"经常"和long"长"侧重频率或时间，不符合测试能力的语境。 4．句意：这些动物稍后被带回来看看它们能否记得哪个桶里有食物。 根据前文"memory tests"及实验目的，可知是测试它们是否能"记得"，remember"记得"符合语境，forget"忘记"、change"改变"和hide"藏"不符合该实验逻辑。 5．句意：山羊找到食物最快且犯的错误更少。 根据"found the food fastest"可知山羊表现最好，因此错误应该"更少"，fewer"更少"修饰名词mistakes。more"更多"、bigger"更大"和louder"更大声"不符合语境。 6．句意：绵羊则要更吃力，而羊驼很慢且经常不能按时完成。 根据"slow"和"finish"可知，此处指无法在限定"时间"内完成，time"时间"符合。danger"危险"、silence"沉默"和surprise"惊讶"不符合语境逻辑。 7．句意：山羊的表现依旧十分出色。 根据后句"They easily remembered where the food was"可知，山羊能很容易记住食物的位置，说明它们做得很好，excelled"表现优异"符合语境，failed"失败"、slept"睡觉"和left"离开"不符合语境。 8．句意：然而，一旦杯子移动，绵羊和羊驼就很难跟得上杯子。 根据"however"表示转折，前文山羊表现好，此处应指绵羊和羊驼有"困难"，trouble"困难"符合语境，fun"乐趣"、luck"运气"和interest"兴趣"不符合转折后的消极语境。 9．句意：测试表明山羊更聪明，且记忆力比绵羊和羊驼更好。 根据"have better memories"及全文主旨，可知记忆力好意味着"更聪明"，smarter"更聪明的"符合语境，slower"更慢的"、weaker"更弱的"和younger"更年轻的"不符合语境。 10．句意：似乎记忆在动物界扮演着重要的角色。 根据"play an important...in"可知，play a role为固定搭配，意为"扮演角色/起作用"，role"角色/作用"符合语境，game"游戏"、joke"笑话"和trick"诡计"不符合语境。 B Spaced Repetition—A Breakthrough in Scientific Memory Methods For decades, students have stayed up late cramming for exams, only to forget most of what they learned within days. But what if there was a better way? In 2025, a landmark study published in "Nature Neuroscience" confirmed 1 spaced repetition is one of the most effective ways to move information from short-term to long-term memory. Spaced repetition works by reviewing information at 2 increasing intervals. Instead of studying the same material many times in one day, you review it after one day, then three days, then a week, then two weeks. Each time you successfully recall the information, the interval 3 . Dr. Robert Bjork, a leading memory researcher at UCLA, explains 4 spaced repetition works so well. "Each time you retrieve a memory, you strengthen the neural pathways connected to it. The act of 5 itself is what makes the memory stronger." Many students think that re-reading textbooks is the best way to study. 6 research shows that re-reading is actually one of the least effective methods. It gives learners a false sense of 7 because the material feels familiar. But familiarity is not the same as being able to recall information when you need it. 8 is important for learners to understand that forgetting is a natural part of the learning process. In fact, a certain amount of forgetting can be helpful. When you struggle to recall something, the brain works harder to find that information, which makes the memory stronger for the next time. To use spaced repetition effectively, students should create a study schedule and stick to it. They should also test 9 regularly instead of just re-reading notes. Digital tools like Anki and Quizlet have built-in spaced repetition algorithms that make 10 easier than ever. The key takeaway is simple: don’t cram. Instead, study a little bit every day and review what you’ve learned at increasing intervals. Your brain will thank you, and you’ll remember what you’ve learned for years to come. 1．A．what B．that C．if D．whether 2．A．slowly B．gradually C．quickly D．suddenly 3．A．shortens B．stays C．increases D．disappears 4．A．why B．when C．where D．how 5．A．reading B．writing C．recalling D．sleeping 6．A．Because B．Although C．So D．But 7．A．security B．confidence C．progress D．achievement 8．A．It B．This C．That D．What 9．A．themselves B．ourselves C．itself D．yourselves 10．A．it B．this C．them D．that 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文介绍了间隔重复这一科学记忆方法，解释其原理及优势，对比重读法的不足，建议学生制定计划并利用工具高效学习。 【详解】 1．句意：2025年，一项发表在《自然・神经科学》的里程碑研究证实，间隔重复法是将短期记忆转化为长期记忆最有效的方式之一。 根据"confirmed"后接确定性事实陈述且从句语意完整、不缺成分，可知用that引导宾语从句，无实义。if/whether"是否"表不确定，what"什么"需在从句中作成分，均不符。 2．句意：间隔重复通过在逐渐增加的间隔复习信息来起作用。 根据"increasing intervals"及后文天数递增逻辑"1天→3天→一周→两周"，gradually"逐渐地"契合这个变化过程。slowly"缓慢地"，quickly"快速地"，suddenly"突然地"，均不符合循序渐进的过程。 3．句意：每次成功回忆信息，间隔就会增加。 根据前文"increasing intervals"及记忆规律，回忆成功则间隔变长，increases"增加"符合这套记忆规则。shortens"缩短"，stays"保持"，disappears"消失"，不符合间隔重复原理。 4．句意：加州大学洛杉矶分校顶尖记忆研究员Robert Bjork博士解释了为什么间隔重复效果这么好。 根据后文解释原理（加强神经通路），可知是解释原因，因此用why引导宾语从句表原因。when"何时"、where"何地"不符合语境，how"如何"侧重过程而非效果好的原因。 5．句意：回忆的行为本身使记忆更强。 根据前文"retrieve a memory"，可知指回忆行为，对应本空recalling"回忆"。reading"阅读"，writing"书写"，sleeping"睡觉"均不符合"提取记忆"的上下文逻辑。 6．句意：但研究表明重读实际上是效果最差的方法之一。 根据前后观点相反（学生认为最好vs研究证明最差），可知表转折，But"但是"表转折逻辑。Because"因为"表原因，So"所以"表结果，Although"虽然"需搭配主句转折，均不符。 7．句意：它给学习者一种错误的自信感，因为材料感觉很熟悉。 根据"feels familiar"及学习心理，熟悉感带来虚假自信，confidence"信心"贴合语境。security"安全"，progress"进步"，achievement"成就"，不能对应"自以为学习变好"的错觉。 8．句意：学习者理解遗忘是学习过程的自然部分很重要。 根据"It is+adj+for sb. to do"固定句型，可知用It作形式主语。This/That/What均不符合该语法结构。 9．句意：他们也应定期测试自己而不是只重读笔记。 根据主语"They"，可知对应反身代词themselves"他们自己"。ourselves"我们自己"，itself"它自己"，yourselves"你们自己"，人称与主语不一致。 10．句意：Anki、Quizlet这类软件内置了间隔重复算法，让这件事变得前所未有的简单。 根据"make it+adj"结构指代前文提到的学习过程，可知用it。this/that/them不符合"make it easier"的习惯搭配。 三、补全对话。(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 根据对话内容，从方框内的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两个为多余选项。 A: Hi, Tom! You don't look well. What's wrong? B: 1 I have a physics exam next Monday, and I keep forgetting the formulas. A: That's too bad. Have you tried any memory techniques? B: 2 I've been reading my notes again and again, but it doesn't help much. A: Maybe you can try a different method. I often use flashcard apps to help me remember things. B: Flashcard apps? 3 A: You can create flashcards with questions on one side and answers on the other. The app shows them to you at intervals to help you remember. B: That sounds useful! 4 A: Yes, they really help me remember things better. You can also try explaining the formulas to someone else. B: That's a great idea! 5 A: No problem! I hope you do well in the exam. A．Do they actually work? B．I'm worried about my exams. C．How do they work? D．I've tried that, actually. E．Thanks for your advice! F．I don't like studying at all. G．I haven't tried anything special. 【答案】1．B 2．G 3．C 4．A 5．E 【导语】本文主要写了Tom担心物理考试记不住公式，和朋友交流记忆方法，朋友向他推荐了闪卡软件以及其他学习建议。 【详解】 1．根据上文A问"What's wrong?"（怎么了？）以及下文B提到"I have a physics exam next Monday"（我下周一有物理考试），可知B正在为考试担忧。选项B"I'm worried about my exams."（我担心我的考试）符合语境，直接回答了A的询问。 2．上文A问"Have you tried any memory techniques?"（你试过任何记忆技巧吗？），下文B说"I've been reading my notes again and again"（我一直在反复读笔记），这属于普通方法而非特殊技巧。选项G"I haven't tried anything special."（我没试过什么特别的）承上启下，否定了尝试过特殊技巧，并引出自己目前的做法。 3．上文A提到了"flashcard apps"（抽认卡应用），下文A解释了具体的使用方法（"create flashcards...", "shows them to you..."）。因此空白处B应该是在询问其工作原理。选项 C"How do they work?"（它们怎么运作？）与下文的解释逻辑一致。 4．上文B说"That sounds useful!"（听起来很有用！），下文A回答"Yes, they really help me..."（是的，它们真的帮我...）。A 的回答以"Yes"开头，说明空白处是一个一般疑问句，且询问的是效果。选项A"Do they actually work?"（它们真的有效吗？）符合语境。 5．对话接近尾声，A给出了最后一条建议，B表示"That's a great idea!"（好主意！），随后A回答"No problem!"（没问题/不客气）并祝愿考试顺利。此处B应该表示感谢。选项E"Thanks for your advice!"（谢谢你的建议！）符合礼貌结束的对话逻辑。 四、阅读理解。(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 第一节 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Do you know what helps you stay focused and energetic while you study? The answer is brain food. Here are some great foods to power up your mind for the new school year. Nuts are great snacks for exam preparation. They contain healthy fats such as omega-3s to make brain cells work better and improve memory. They are rich in vitamin E, which can protect the brain from stress. They also provide protein and minerals to keep you energetic and focused. You can eat nuts easily during study breaks to keep your brain active. Dark chocolate is another good choice. It can lift your focus and alertness. You can pay full attention to your lessons. Your mind will stay clear while you are learning. Its flavonoids help blood flow to the brain, so you can concentrate (集中注意力) and remember things better. It also helps make you less stressful when you study for a long time. A small piece of dark chocolate is a nice choice for busy learners. Eggs also are good for brain health. They have choline, a nutrient important for memory and focus. Vitamins B in eggs can keep your brain sharp and keep your energy up. They are great food for exam preparation. What's more, they are healthy and easy to make. Many people do not think of fish as study snacks. However, fatty fish such as salmon, tuna and sardines are good for your brain. They have plenty of omega-3 fats. These nutrients help build brain cells and improve your memory and concentration. They also help you feel less worried and stay in a good mood, especially before exams. Berries look small, but they are good for your brain. Blueberries, strawberries and raspberries are rich in antioxidants (抗氧化剂). They protect your brain from stress and help you remember things well. They also help brain cells work better and lift your mood. Do you want to study well? Then remember that your food choices matter a lot. Foods like nuts, dark chocolate, eggs, fish and berries can keep your mind clear, focused and energetic during long hours of study. Choosing the right food keeps you healthy and helps your brain work well to get better school results. So pick a tasty snack, open your books and get fully prepared for your coming exams. 1．What can vitamin E in nuts do for your brain? A．It can make your mind work well. B．It can give you energy while studying. C．It can keep the brain safe from stress. D．It can improve memory and concentration. 2．What does the word "alertness" in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Feeling calm and staying relaxed. B．Being quick-minded and attentive. C．Learning happily and feeling comfortable. D．Remembering well and doing things easily. 3．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．Helpful Brain Foods for Study B．Different Kinds of Foods C．Healthy Foods for Strong Body D．Popular Foods in Daily Life 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了几种有助于在学习时保持专注和精力的"健脑食物"(如坚果、黑巧克力、鸡蛋、鱼类和浆果等)，并详细解释了它们各自对大脑和学习的益处。 【详解】 1．第二段"They are rich in vitamin E, which can protect the brain from stress (压力)."说明坚果富含维生素E，可以保护大脑免受压力。 2．第三段"It can lift your focus and alertness. You can pay full attention to your lessons. Your mind will stay clear while you are learning."说明你可以把全部注意力放在功课上。学习时你的头脑会保持清醒。可知，"alertness"指的是头脑清醒、注意力集中的状态。选项B"Being quick-minded and attentive.(思维敏捷且注意力集中)"最符合该语境。 3．文章第一段引出话题"brain food(健脑食物)"，随后几个段落分别具体介绍了坚果、黑巧克力、鸡蛋、鱼类和浆果等食物对大脑和学习的积极作用，最后一段总结指出这些食物能帮助学生在长时间学习中保持头脑清晰、专注和精力充沛。因此，选项A"Helpful Brain Foods for Study(对学习有帮助的健脑食物)"最能概括全文内容，适合作为标题。 B Grandmother's Lost Memories Rick's grandma is over seventy years old. These days, her memory becomes much worse. Last weekend, Rick visited her home and found some strange changes. She kept calling Rick Johnny, which is Rick's father's name. When Rick wanted to eat cookies, she told him those snacks were saved for her grandson, not realizing Rick was exactly that grandson. Rick felt really sad and worried about her condition. He talked with his classmate Chen Jie, whose grandpa also has memory problems. Chen told Rick that old people's memory usually falls little by little as they grow older. His grandpa once forgot the way to their park, so Chen takes him there every weekend. Chen shared a useful idea with Rick: do not only focus on the things the old lady forgets. We should keep in mind all the warm happy memories she still holds. Rick's grandma still remembers he loves cookies deeply, and this warm memory is very valuable. The two boys discussed what they could do for the elderly with poor memory. They decided to look back on happy family moments together, such as picnics and old opera shows. They planned to take many new photos and make a family photo album for Rick's grandma. Looking at pictures can help her recall more warm stories from the past. Rick finally understood sadness cannot solve the problem. Instead of feeling upset, he should stay with his grandma and create more new sweet memories with her. 4．What trouble does Chen Jie's grandpa have? A．He forgets the way to the park. B．He cannot remember any food. C．He loses his wallet every day. D．He cannot speak complete sentences. 5．What suggestion did Chen give to Rick? A．Send his grandma to hospital right away. B．Pay more attention to the happy memories she still has. C．Stop visiting his grandma to avoid sadness. D．Teach his grandma new memory skills every day. 6．What plan did the two boys make for Rick's grandma? A．Buy lots of cookies for her every week. B．Make a family photo album with new photos. C．Take her to watch operas alone every day. D．Move the grandma to live with Rick's family. 7．What can we learn from Rick's story? A．Old people will lose all memories completely. B．We should value the warm memories the elderly still keep. C．Sadness can help old people get back their memory. D．Photo albums cannot help recall past moments. 【答案】4．A 5．B 6．B 7．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述里克的奶奶记忆力衰退，里克为此十分忧心，在同学陈杰的开导下，里克明白不必纠结老人遗忘的事情，应当珍惜老人尚存的温暖记忆，并陪伴奶奶创造更多美好回忆。 【详解】 4．第二段原句："His grandpa once forgot the way to their park"，表明陈杰的爷爷会忘记去公园的路。 5．第三段原句："do not only focus on the things the old lady forgets. We should keep in mind all the warm happy memories she still holds."，对应建议是多关注她仍然拥有的美好回忆。 6．第四段原句："They planned to take many new photos and make a family photo album for Rick's grandma."，说明两个男孩打算拍摄新照片，制作家庭相册。 7．通读全文，陈杰建议里克珍惜奶奶留存的温暖记忆，里克也领悟到要陪伴老人创造新回忆，由此可知我们应当珍惜老年人还保有的温暖记忆。 C Your memory plays an important role in your daily life. It helps you remember who you are, where you live, what you have learnt at school, and what you plan to do in the future. In fact, whenever you recognize a friend's face, recall a lesson, or even find your way home, you are using your memory. So, how can you improve your memory? First, it is helpful to live a mentally (脑力上) active life. Make a point of trying new activities. For example, you will exercise your brain if you learn to play a new instrument, start learning a foreign language, or even try a new sport. You can also improve your memory with brain games, such as crosswords, word games and maths puzzles. Techniques like memory linking (联想记忆法) also work your brain and improve your memory. In memory linking, you make mental connections to help you remember them. For example, you can make up a story to link items in a list so that you will remember them. You will be exercising your brain as well as improving your memory! Second, a healthy body supports a healthy memory. If you live a healthy life, your memory will work better. Healthy eating habits are especially important. Research shows that eating green vegetables, nuts, berries, and oily fish can improve your ability to remember things. Try to have balanced meals every day. What's more, regular physical exercise, like running or playing ball games, helps your brain stay active. Also, do not forget to get enough sleep every night. While you sleep, your brain organizes what you have learnt during the day. Last but not least, it is important to get plenty of rest and manage stress. Unless you take time to relax, your brain will find it hard to remember things. If you feel too stressed or worried, your memory may become less sharp. Try listening to music, reading a book, or talking with friends when you need to relax. Remember, everyone forgets things sometimes, and it's normal for memory to change a little as people grow older. However, you can maintain and even improve your memory if you exercise your brain, live a healthy life and make time to relax! By following these steps, you can build a better memory— and make your daily life easier and happier. 8．According to the passage, which is a good way to improve your memory? A．Staying up late to learn new things. B．Trying the same daily activities to relax. C．Doing brain games like crosswords regularly. D．Spending most of your time listening to music. 9．According to the passage, what is the main purpose of Paragraph 3? A．To list ways to exercise the brain. B．To introduce how to learn a language. C．To explain how memory linking works. D．To show why learning new skills is helpful. 10．What can we learn from the passage? A．A lot of stress helps people's memory clearer. B．Sleep helps the brain organize what we learn. C．Some foods can stop memory changes with age. D．Relaxing is more important than food for memory. 【答案】8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了三种提升记忆力的方法，分别是保持脑力活跃、拥有健康身体以及充足休息和管理压力，帮助人们拥有更好的记忆力。 【详解】41．细节理解题。根据"You can also improve your memory with brain games, such as crosswords, word games and maths puzzles."可知，定期做填字游戏等脑力游戏是提升记忆力的好方法。故选C。 42．主旨大意题。根据"First, it is helpful to live a mentally active life. Make a point of trying new activities."及后文列举的学习新技能、做脑力游戏、联想记忆法等内容可知，第三段主要列举了锻炼大脑的方法。故选A。 43．细节理解题。根据"Also, do not forget to get enough sleep every night. While you sleep, your brain organizes what you have learnt during the day."可知，睡眠有助于大脑整理我们白天学到的东西。故选B。 D Many people believe a common saying: fish can only keep memories for seven seconds. For a long time, we have thought fish are forgetful and they will never remember past experiences. However, a new scientific study shows that this old idea is completely wrong. According to a new study published in the famous science journal Nature, fish are much smarter than we imagine. Some kinds of fish have special DNA in their bodies. Surprisingly, this special genetic (遗传的) structure helps them form clearer and longer-lasting memories than human beings. More amazingly, their precious memories can be passed down to their young through genes. This amazing ability plays an important role in fish's survival in nature. It helps fish stay away from dangers and live longer. Here is a clear example. If parent fish once suffered from hunger in a special water environment, their baby fish will naturally remember this dangerous situation after birth. The young fish will make full preparations ahead of time to avoid hunger and keep safe. In fact, fish can remember dangerous places, food sources (来源) and useful skills for months. Next time when your friends talk about fish's seven-second memory, you can share this interesting science fact with them. It is really surprising that such small sea creatures have such powerful memories. 11．For a long time, what do people think of fish? A．They are smart. B．They are special. C．They are forgetful. D．They are interesting. 12．What does the underlined word "precious" mean in Paragraph 2? A．valuable B．terrible C．dangerous D．countable 13．What will happen when parent fish suffers from hunger in one place? A．They will tell their baby fish to remember this place. B．The parent fish will remember this dangerous place. C．Their baby fish will avoid hunger in this place after birth. D．Their baby fish will naturally forget this dangerous place. 14．According to the text, fish can remember ________ for months. A．a kind of food B．a good friend C．useful tools D．unsafe places 【答案】11．C 12．A 13．C 14．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要纠正"鱼的记忆只有7秒"的错误说法，介绍科学研究发现鱼类拥有长久记忆，记忆还可通过基因遗传给后代，帮助鱼类生存。 【详解】 11．根据文章第一段"For a long time, we think fish are forgetful and they will never remember past experiences."可知，长久以来人们认为鱼很健忘。 12．根据文章第二段"this special genetic structure helps them form clearer and longer-lasting memories than human beings. More amazingly, their precious memories can be passed down to their young through genes."可知，这种记忆很珍贵、很有价值，precious和valuable含义相近。 13．根据文章第三段"If parent fish once suffered from hunger in a special water environment, their baby fish will naturally remember this dangerous situation after birth. The young fish will make full preparations ahead of time to avoid hunger and keep safe."可知，幼鱼出生后会避开此处以免挨饿。 14．根据文章第四段"In fact, fish can remember dangerous places, food sources (来源) and useful skills for months."可知，鱼可以记住危险的地方长达数月。 E When preparing for a test, most students think it's best to simply study the material and try to memorize as much of it as possible. Many tests seemingly reward rote (死记硬背) memorization. But what if students are trained by testing themselves instead? Usually, studying is considered a safer bet; why risk producing wrong answers when you can just memorize the right one? Yet it turns out making mistakes early on can be more helpful for remembering information over time. Cognitive (认知的) psychologists Henry Roddy Roediger and Jeff Karpicke did a study where they had hundreds of students memorize passages from a test-preparation book for the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL). One group memorized these passages by reading them repeatedly, while another group read the passages several times and then completed three tests. The results were surprising: the students who repeatedly studied the material performed better at the beginning, but when they were tested again a week later, the students who tested themselves recalled over 60% of what they had learned, compared to only 40% for the group who repeatedly studied. The testing effect has since been confirmed in many studies under a range of conditions. Its value remains undoubted, but scientists are still discussing why it has such a powerful effect on memory. The simplest explanation is that testing exposes our weaknesses. When we test our memories, we expose the weaknesses of existing neural (神经的) connections in a way that finally strengthens what's useful and removes what's not, making the information we try to memorize more lasting and easier to recall. To maximize the benefits of the testing effect, it's important to return to the same information in shorter sessions over several days instead of cramming (塞进) everything into a single night of intense studying. This allows your brain to strengthen the information and create stronger memories. In short, testing is not just a tool for testing your knowledge but also a powerful learning tool. By embracing mistakes and actively testing yourself, you can improve your learning and memory. So, instead of avoiding mistakes, embrace them as opportunities for growth and mastery. 15．What do we know about Henry and Jeff's study? A．Self-testing works only in tasks of memorizing things. B．Those who repeatedly studied performed better later. C．Rote memorization doesn't work well in the long run. D．The study focused mainly on how to prepare for TOEFL. 16．What happens to the brain when people test their memories? A．Additional neural connections in the brain are created. B．The brain processes new information at a higher speed. C．The weak connections between neurons are removed. D．Weak but useful neural connections become stronger. 17．What is an effective way to study according to paragraph 4? A．Avoiding making the same mistakes in tests. B．Studying everything intensely on a single night. C．Reviewing in shorter sessions over several days. D．Focusing on what is most likely to be on the test. 【答案】15．C 16．D 17．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了"测试效应"，指出通过自我测试比单纯的死记硬背更能有效地提高长期记忆和学习效果。 【详解】 15．根据第二段中"The results were surprising: the students who repeatedly studied the material performed better at the beginning, but when they were tested again a week later, the students who tested themselves recalled over 60% of what they had learned, compared to only 40% for the group who repeatedly studied."可知，虽然反复学习（死记硬背）的学生起初表现更好，但一周后自我测试的学生记忆保留率更高（60% 对 40%）。这说明从长远来看，死记硬背的效果并不好。 16．根据第三段中"When we test our memories... strengthens what's useful and removes what's not..."可知，当我们测试记忆时，会强化有用的神经连接并去除无用的连接。选项 D"弱但有用的神经连接变得更强"与文中"strengthens what's useful"相符。 17．根据第四段中"To maximize the benefits of the testing effect, it's important to return to the same information in shorter sessions over several days instead of cramming..."可知，为了最大化测试效果，应该在几天内分较短时段复习相同信息，而不是集中在一个晚上突击学习。 第二节 阅读下面短文，并用英语回答问题（请注意每小题的词数要求）。 F Have you ever wondered why you can remember the lyrics of a song from years ago, but you often forget where you parked your car at the mall? Scientists have found that our memory works in different ways, and one of the most interesting is something called "prospective memory" (前瞻记忆). Prospective memory is your ability to remember to do things in the future. It includes two main types: time-based and event-based. Time-based prospective memory means remembering to do something at a specific time, like taking medicine at 8:00 p.m. Event-based prospective memory means remembering to do something when a certain event happens, like mailing a letter when you pass by a post office. However, prospective memory can fail us. One common reason is distraction. If you are talking on the phone while walking to your car, you might forget where you parked because your attention is divided. Another reason is "absent-mindedness". Sometimes we put our keys down while thinking about a problem, and the action doesn't even enter our memory because our brain is too busy with the problem. To improve prospective memory, experts suggest forming a habit of "mental linking". For example, if you need to buy eggs after school, try to connect the image of an egg with your school gate in your mind. Another tip is to use "external reminders" (外部提醒). Setting an alarm on your phone or leaving a sticky note on the fridge can help your brain "outsource" (外包) the job of remembering. Interestingly, studies show that young people are usually better at event-based prospective memory, while older adults are better at time-based ones because they are more used to planning their schedules. Understanding how prospective memory works can help us reduce those annoying "senior moments" in our daily lives. 18．What are the two main types of prospective memory mentioned in the passage?(不超过15个词) 19．Why does "absent-mindedness" cause prospective memory failure according to paragraph 3?(不超过15个词) 20．How can "mental linking" help improve prospective memory? (不超过15个词) 【答案】 18．Time-based prospective memory and event-based prospective memory. 19．Because the brain is too busy with other thoughts to record the action. 20．By connecting the task with a related image or location in your mind. 【导语】本文主要介绍了前瞻记忆的定义、两种分类、记忆失效的两大原因、改善前瞻记忆的两种方法，以及年轻人与老年人前瞻记忆的差异。 【详解】 18．文章第2段"It includes two main types: time-based and event-based."表明前瞻记忆包括两种主要类型：时间基前瞻记忆和事件基前瞻记忆。 19．文章第3段"Sometimes we put our keys down while thinking about a problem, and the action doesn't even enter our memory because our brain is too busy with the problem."表明心不在焉导致记忆失效的原因。 20．文章第4段"if you need to buy eggs after school, try to connect the image of an egg with your school gate in your mind"表明心理联结是通过在脑海中将任务与相关图像或地点联系起来实现的。 五、单词拼写。(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。 1．Can you show me the p________ (位置) of your school on the map? 【答案】(p)osition 【详解】句意：你能在地图上指出你学校的位置吗？根据句意和首字母以及括号内提示词可知，此处应填名词position"位置"，your school是单数，position用单数形式即可。故填(p)osition。 2．The population in this country is i________ (增长) at about 6% per year. 【答案】(i)ncreasing 【详解】句意：在这个国家的人口每年是在以百分之六的速度增长。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，此处需要填写动词increase，表示增长；并且be动词is后要跟动词ing形式。故填(i)ncreasing。 3．I can't r________ what my grandma said just now. (回忆起) 【答案】(r)ecall 【详解】句意：我回忆不起奶奶刚才说了什么。由中文和首字母提示以及情态动词can't后接动词原形可知，recall"回忆起"符合语境。 4．It's l________ that he will forget the lecture time again. (可能的) 【答案】(l)ikely 【详解】句意：他很可能又会忘记讲座时间。由首字母及中文提示可知，固定句型It's likely that…"很可能……"符合语境，likely为形容词，意为"可能的"。 5．Here's Mr. Wang's new a________ (地址) : No. 1, Taoyuan Road, Taiyuan. 【答案】(a)ddress 【详解】句意：这是王先生的新地址：太原市桃园路 1 号。根据汉语及首字母提示可知，address意为"地址"。be动词is提示此处用单数，故填address。 六、书面表达。(共20分) 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Mary向你请教如何提高记忆力。请你根据以下提示给她写一封回信，提出你的建议。短文需包括以下要点。 注意： 1. 词数：80左右 (短文的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)； 2. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。 Dear Mary， I’m glad to give you some advice on how to improve your memory. Best wishes! Yours， Li Hua 【答案】 例文： Dear Mary, I’m glad to give you some advice on how to improve your memory. First, it is a good idea to understand what you want to remember and connect it with things you already know. Second, you can try to form a picture in your mind. It will make it much easier to remember things. Third, having a healthy diet is also very important for your brain. Finally, I advise you to get enough sleep every day. A good sleep can help your brain work better. I hope these suggestions will be helpful to you. Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 【详解】 写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：应用文，时态以一般现在时为主 明确要点：提出提高记忆力的建议 (理解联系记忆、画面记忆、健康饮食及其它) 确定人称：文章以第二人称为主 注意事项：按照思维导图所列提示完成写作；不得出现校名、人名等真实信息；词数80左右 [第二步：写作布局] 三段式结构 开头段：点明信件主旨内容 主体段：详细阐述提高记忆力的建议 结尾段：表达祝愿，书写结语 [第三步：要点展开] 要点：提高记忆力的建议 理解联系记忆：understand what you want to remember and connect it with things you already know/relate new information to your daily life/build connections between new and old knowledge等 画面记忆：form a picture in your mind/visualize the content/create vivid images等 健康饮食：having a healthy diet/keeping a balanced diet/eating more brain-friendly food等 其他补充：get enough sleep/have a good sleep/regular exercise/active review/positive mood等 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年九年级上册英语单元自测·安徽专用 Unit 4 Our Memory 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1．You can open a bank ________ to keep your savings safe. A．bank B．account C．website D．budget 2．—Could you please tell me ________ the art museum is open? —It opens from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. every day. A．what B．why C．when D．where 3．The teacher ________ us into five groups. Each group has ten students. A．divided B．disappeared C．doubted D．dropped 4．—I'm so happy because I will go to the concert tomorrow. —Really? That's wonderful! Have you got the concert ________ yet? A．paper B．ticket C．menu D．magazine 5．Stephen Hawking is widely ________ as one of the greatest scientists of our time. A．realized B．recognized C．reviewed D．reminded 6．It is a(n) ________ way to memorize by creating pictures in your mind. A．effective B．likely C．stable D．recent 7．Many students often ________ similar English words, so they need to pay attention to details. A．mix up B．run out of C．put away D．divide into 8．As the Palace Museum celebrates its 100th year, it reminds us ________. A．how we can take the journey B．why we must keep history alive C．how can we take the journey D．why must we keep history alive 9．If you keep on working like this, you will _________ yourself _________. A．wear; out B．break; out C．give; out D．lay; out 10．—It is said that people in the Year of the Sheep are gentle. —Maybe, but for my mother, ________. In fact, she gets angry easily. A．that's not the case B．that's all right C．that's a good idea D．that's for sure 二、完形填空。(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A There is a saying that "an elephant never forgets" and research has shown this is somewhat true. Elephants are very good at remembering which animals are friendly and which are dangerous. Older 1 use this skill to keep the rest of their group safe from dangers. Squirrels also have quite good memories. In autumn, they bury lots of nuts in the ground to 2 them for winter. They depend on their memory and sense of smell to find the nuts and dig them back up to eat them. What about the other animals? Do they have a good memory? Scientists have tested how 3 goats, sheep and alpacas could remember where food was hidden. In one experiment, they placed food under two out of eight buckets in an area. The animals were then brought back later to see if they could 4 which buckets held the food. The goats found the food fastest and made 5 mistakes. Sheep struggled more, while alpacas were slow and often couldn’t finish in 6 . In another test, food was hidden under cups that were moved or mixed with empty ones. Goats still 7 . They easily remembered where the food was even when things changed. Sheep and alpacas, however, had 8 following the cups once they moved. The tests show that goats are 9 and have better memories than sheep and alpacas. Farm animals might be cleverer than we realize. It seems that memory plays an important 10 in the animal world. 1．A．elephants B．squirrels C．goats D．sheep 2．A．sell B．store C．share D．plant 3．A．soon B．often C．well D．long 4．A．forget B．change C．remember D．hide 5．A．more B．fewer C．bigger D．louder 6．A．danger B．silence C．time D．surprise 7．A．excelled B．failed C．slept D．left 8．A．fun B．luck C．trouble D．interest 9．A．slower B．smarter C．weaker D．younger 10．A．game B．joke C．trick D．role B Spaced Repetition—A Breakthrough in Scientific Memory Methods For decades, students have stayed up late cramming for exams, only to forget most of what they learned within days. But what if there was a better way? In 2025, a landmark study published in "Nature Neuroscience" confirmed 1 spaced repetition is one of the most effective ways to move information from short-term to long-term memory. Spaced repetition works by reviewing information at 2 increasing intervals. Instead of studying the same material many times in one day, you review it after one day, then three days, then a week, then two weeks. Each time you successfully recall the information, the interval 3 . Dr. Robert Bjork, a leading memory researcher at UCLA, explains 4 spaced repetition works so well. "Each time you retrieve a memory, you strengthen the neural pathways connected to it. The act of 5 itself is what makes the memory stronger." Many students think that re-reading textbooks is the best way to study. 6 research shows that re-reading is actually one of the least effective methods. It gives learners a false sense of 7 because the material feels familiar. But familiarity is not the same as being able to recall information when you need it. 8 is important for learners to understand that forgetting is a natural part of the learning process. In fact, a certain amount of forgetting can be helpful. When you struggle to recall something, the brain works harder to find that information, which makes the memory stronger for the next time. To use spaced repetition effectively, students should create a study schedule and stick to it. They should also test 9 regularly instead of just re-reading notes. Digital tools like Anki and Quizlet have built-in spaced repetition algorithms that make 10 easier than ever. The key takeaway is simple: don’t cram. Instead, study a little bit every day and review what you’ve learned at increasing intervals. Your brain will thank you, and you’ll remember what you’ve learned for years to come. 1．A．what B．that C．if D．whether 2．A．slowly B．gradually C．quickly D．suddenly 3．A．shortens B．stays C．increases D．disappears 4．A．why B．when C．where D．how 5．A．reading B．writing C．recalling D．sleeping 6．A．Because B．Although C．So D．But 7．A．security B．confidence C．progress D．achievement 8．A．It B．This C．That D．What 9．A．themselves B．ourselves C．itself D．yourselves 10．A．it B．this C．them D．that 三、补全对话。(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 根据对话内容，从方框内的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两个为多余选项。 A: Hi, Tom! You don't look well. What's wrong? B: 1 I have a physics exam next Monday, and I keep forgetting the formulas. A: That's too bad. Have you tried any memory techniques? B: 2 I've been reading my notes again and again, but it doesn't help much. A: Maybe you can try a different method. I often use flashcard apps to help me remember things. B: Flashcard apps? 3 A: You can create flashcards with questions on one side and answers on the other. The app shows them to you at intervals to help you remember. B: That sounds useful! 4 A: Yes, they really help me remember things better. You can also try explaining the formulas to someone else. B: That's a great idea! 5 A: No problem! I hope you do well in the exam. A．Do they actually work? B．I'm worried about my exams. C．How do they work? D．I've tried that, actually. E．Thanks for your advice! F．I don't like studying at all. G．I haven't tried anything special. 四、阅读理解。(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 第一节 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Do you know what helps you stay focused and energetic while you study? The answer is brain food. Here are some great foods to power up your mind for the new school year. Nuts are great snacks for exam preparation. They contain healthy fats such as omega-3s to make brain cells work better and improve memory. They are rich in vitamin E, which can protect the brain from stress. They also provide protein and minerals to keep you energetic and focused. You can eat nuts easily during study breaks to keep your brain active. Dark chocolate is another good choice. It can lift your focus and alertness. You can pay full attention to your lessons. Your mind will stay clear while you are learning. Its flavonoids help blood flow to the brain, so you can concentrate (集中注意力) and remember things better. It also helps make you less stressful when you study for a long time. A small piece of dark chocolate is a nice choice for busy learners. Eggs also are good for brain health. They have choline, a nutrient important for memory and focus. Vitamins B in eggs can keep your brain sharp and keep your energy up. They are great food for exam preparation. What's more, they are healthy and easy to make. Many people do not think of fish as study snacks. However, fatty fish such as salmon, tuna and sardines are good for your brain. They have plenty of omega-3 fats. These nutrients help build brain cells and improve your memory and concentration. They also help you feel less worried and stay in a good mood, especially before exams. Berries look small, but they are good for your brain. Blueberries, strawberries and raspberries are rich in antioxidants (抗氧化剂). They protect your brain from stress and help you remember things well. They also help brain cells work better and lift your mood. Do you want to study well? Then remember that your food choices matter a lot. Foods like nuts, dark chocolate, eggs, fish and berries can keep your mind clear, focused and energetic during long hours of study. Choosing the right food keeps you healthy and helps your brain work well to get better school results. So pick a tasty snack, open your books and get fully prepared for your coming exams. 1．What can vitamin E in nuts do for your brain? A．It can make your mind work well. B．It can give you energy while studying. C．It can keep the brain safe from stress. D．It can improve memory and concentration. 2．What does the word "alertness" in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Feeling calm and staying relaxed. B．Being quick-minded and attentive. C．Learning happily and feeling comfortable. D．Remembering well and doing things easily. 3．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．Helpful Brain Foods for Study B．Different Kinds of Foods C．Healthy Foods for Strong Body D．Popular Foods in Daily Life B Grandmother's Lost Memories Rick's grandma is over seventy years old. These days, her memory becomes much worse. Last weekend, Rick visited her home and found some strange changes. She kept calling Rick Johnny, which is Rick's father's name. When Rick wanted to eat cookies, she told him those snacks were saved for her grandson, not realizing Rick was exactly that grandson. Rick felt really sad and worried about her condition. He talked with his classmate Chen Jie, whose grandpa also has memory problems. Chen told Rick that old people's memory usually falls little by little as they grow older. His grandpa once forgot the way to their park, so Chen takes him there every weekend. Chen shared a useful idea with Rick: do not only focus on the things the old lady forgets. We should keep in mind all the warm happy memories she still holds. Rick's grandma still remembers he loves cookies deeply, and this warm memory is very valuable. The two boys discussed what they could do for the elderly with poor memory. They decided to look back on happy family moments together, such as picnics and old opera shows. They planned to take many new photos and make a family photo album for Rick's grandma. Looking at pictures can help her recall more warm stories from the past. Rick finally understood sadness cannot solve the problem. Instead of feeling upset, he should stay with his grandma and create more new sweet memories with her. 4．What trouble does Chen Jie's grandpa have? A．He forgets the way to the park. B．He cannot remember any food. C．He loses his wallet every day. D．He cannot speak complete sentences. 5．What suggestion did Chen give to Rick? A．Send his grandma to hospital right away. B．Pay more attention to the happy memories she still has. C．Stop visiting his grandma to avoid sadness. D．Teach his grandma new memory skills every day. 6．What plan did the two boys make for Rick's grandma? A．Buy lots of cookies for her every week. B．Make a family photo album with new photos. C．Take her to watch operas alone every day. D．Move the grandma to live with Rick's family. 7．What can we learn from Rick's story? A．Old people will lose all memories completely. B．We should value the warm memories the elderly still keep. C．Sadness can help old people get back their memory. D．Photo albums cannot help recall past moments. C Your memory plays an important role in your daily life. It helps you remember who you are, where you live, what you have learnt at school, and what you plan to do in the future. In fact, whenever you recognize a friend's face, recall a lesson, or even find your way home, you are using your memory. So, how can you improve your memory? First, it is helpful to live a mentally (脑力上) active life. Make a point of trying new activities. For example, you will exercise your brain if you learn to play a new instrument, start learning a foreign language, or even try a new sport. You can also improve your memory with brain games, such as crosswords, word games and maths puzzles. Techniques like memory linking (联想记忆法) also work your brain and improve your memory. In memory linking, you make mental connections to help you remember them. For example, you can make up a story to link items in a list so that you will remember them. You will be exercising your brain as well as improving your memory! Second, a healthy body supports a healthy memory. If you live a healthy life, your memory will work better. Healthy eating habits are especially important. Research shows that eating green vegetables, nuts, berries, and oily fish can improve your ability to remember things. Try to have balanced meals every day. What's more, regular physical exercise, like running or playing ball games, helps your brain stay active. Also, do not forget to get enough sleep every night. While you sleep, your brain organizes what you have learnt during the day. Last but not least, it is important to get plenty of rest and manage stress. Unless you take time to relax, your brain will find it hard to remember things. If you feel too stressed or worried, your memory may become less sharp. Try listening to music, reading a book, or talking with friends when you need to relax. Remember, everyone forgets things sometimes, and it's normal for memory to change a little as people grow older. However, you can maintain and even improve your memory if you exercise your brain, live a healthy life and make time to relax! By following these steps, you can build a better memory— and make your daily life easier and happier. 8．According to the passage, which is a good way to improve your memory? A．Staying up late to learn new things. B．Trying the same daily activities to relax. C．Doing brain games like crosswords regularly. D．Spending most of your time listening to music. 9．According to the passage, what is the main purpose of Paragraph 3? A．To list ways to exercise the brain. B．To introduce how to learn a language. C．To explain how memory linking works. D．To show why learning new skills is helpful. 10．What can we learn from the passage? A．A lot of stress helps people's memory clearer. B．Sleep helps the brain organize what we learn. C．Some foods can stop memory changes with age. D．Relaxing is more important than food for memory. D Many people believe a common saying: fish can only keep memories for seven seconds. For a long time, we have thought fish are forgetful and they will never remember past experiences. However, a new scientific study shows that this old idea is completely wrong. According to a new study published in the famous science journal Nature, fish are much smarter than we imagine. Some kinds of fish have special DNA in their bodies. Surprisingly, this special genetic (遗传的) structure helps them form clearer and longer-lasting memories than human beings. More amazingly, their precious memories can be passed down to their young through genes. This amazing ability plays an important role in fish's survival in nature. It helps fish stay away from dangers and live longer. Here is a clear example. If parent fish once suffered from hunger in a special water environment, their baby fish will naturally remember this dangerous situation after birth. The young fish will make full preparations ahead of time to avoid hunger and keep safe. In fact, fish can remember dangerous places, food sources (来源) and useful skills for months. Next time when your friends talk about fish's seven-second memory, you can share this interesting science fact with them. It is really surprising that such small sea creatures have such powerful memories. 11．For a long time, what do people think of fish? A．They are smart. B．They are special. C．They are forgetful. D．They are interesting. 12．What does the underlined word "precious" mean in Paragraph 2? A．valuable B．terrible C．dangerous D．countable 13．What will happen when parent fish suffers from hunger in one place? A．They will tell their baby fish to remember this place. B．The parent fish will remember this dangerous place. C．Their baby fish will avoid hunger in this place after birth. D．Their baby fish will naturally forget this dangerous place. 14．According to the text, fish can remember ________ for months. A．a kind of food B．a good friend C．useful tools D．unsafe places E When preparing for a test, most students think it's best to simply study the material and try to memorize as much of it as possible. Many tests seemingly reward rote (死记硬背) memorization. But what if students are trained by testing themselves instead? Usually, studying is considered a safer bet; why risk producing wrong answers when you can just memorize the right one? Yet it turns out making mistakes early on can be more helpful for remembering information over time. Cognitive (认知的) psychologists Henry Roddy Roediger and Jeff Karpicke did a study where they had hundreds of students memorize passages from a test-preparation book for the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL). One group memorized these passages by reading them repeatedly, while another group read the passages several times and then completed three tests. The results were surprising: the students who repeatedly studied the material performed better at the beginning, but when they were tested again a week later, the students who tested themselves recalled over 60% of what they had learned, compared to only 40% for the group who repeatedly studied. The testing effect has since been confirmed in many studies under a range of conditions. Its value remains undoubted, but scientists are still discussing why it has such a powerful effect on memory. The simplest explanation is that testing exposes our weaknesses. When we test our memories, we expose the weaknesses of existing neural (神经的) connections in a way that finally strengthens what's useful and removes what's not, making the information we try to memorize more lasting and easier to recall. To maximize the benefits of the testing effect, it's important to return to the same information in shorter sessions over several days instead of cramming (塞进) everything into a single night of intense studying. This allows your brain to strengthen the information and create stronger memories. In short, testing is not just a tool for testing your knowledge but also a powerful learning tool. By embracing mistakes and actively testing yourself, you can improve your learning and memory. So, instead of avoiding mistakes, embrace them as opportunities for growth and mastery. 15．What do we know about Henry and Jeff's study? A．Self-testing works only in tasks of memorizing things. B．Those who repeatedly studied performed better later. C．Rote memorization doesn't work well in the long run. D．The study focused mainly on how to prepare for TOEFL. 16．What happens to the brain when people test their memories? A．Additional neural connections in the brain are created. B．The brain processes new information at a higher speed. C．The weak connections between neurons are removed. D．Weak but useful neural connections become stronger. 17．What is an effective way to study according to paragraph 4? A．Avoiding making the same mistakes in tests. B．Studying everything intensely on a single night. C．Reviewing in shorter sessions over several days. D．Focusing on what is most likely to be on the test. 第二节 阅读下面短文，并用英语回答问题（请注意每小题的词数要求）。 F Have you ever wondered why you can remember the lyrics of a song from years ago, but you often forget where you parked your car at the mall? Scientists have found that our memory works in different ways, and one of the most interesting is something called "prospective memory" (前瞻记忆). Prospective memory is your ability to remember to do things in the future. It includes two main types: time-based and event-based. Time-based prospective memory means remembering to do something at a specific time, like taking medicine at 8:00 p.m. Event-based prospective memory means remembering to do something when a certain event happens, like mailing a letter when you pass by a post office. However, prospective memory can fail us. One common reason is distraction. If you are talking on the phone while walking to your car, you might forget where you parked because your attention is divided. Another reason is "absent-mindedness". Sometimes we put our keys down while thinking about a problem, and the action doesn't even enter our memory because our brain is too busy with the problem. To improve prospective memory, experts suggest forming a habit of "mental linking". For example, if you need to buy eggs after school, try to connect the image of an egg with your school gate in your mind. Another tip is to use "external reminders" (外部提醒). Setting an alarm on your phone or leaving a sticky note on the fridge can help your brain "outsource" (外包) the job of remembering. Interestingly, studies show that young people are usually better at event-based prospective memory, while older adults are better at time-based ones because they are more used to planning their schedules. Understanding how prospective memory works can help us reduce those annoying "senior moments" in our daily lives. 18．What are the two main types of prospective memory mentioned in the passage?(不超过15个词) 19．Why does "absent-mindedness" cause prospective memory failure according to paragraph 3?(不超过15个词) 20．How can "mental linking" help improve prospective memory? (不超过15个词) 五、单词拼写。(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。 1．Can you show me the p________ (位置) of your school on the map? 2．The population in this country is i________ (增长) at about 6% per year. 3．I can't r________ what my grandma said just now. (回忆起) 4．It's l________ that he will forget the lecture time again. (可能的) 5．Here's Mr. Wang's new a________ (地址) : No. 1, Taoyuan Road, Taiyuan. 六、书面表达。(共20分) 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Mary向你请教如何提高记忆力。请你根据以下提示给她写一封回信，提出你的建议。短文需包括以下要点。 注意： 1. 词数：80左右 (短文的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)； 2. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。 Dear Mary， I’m glad to give you some advice on how to improve your memory. Best wishes! Yours， Li Hua 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年九年级上册英语单元自测·安徽专用 Unit 4 Our Memory 一、单项选择。 1-5：BCABB 6-10：AABAA 二、完形填空。 A：1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．D B：1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．A 10．A 三、补全对话。 1．B 2．G 3．C 4．A 5．E 四、阅读理解。 A： 1．C 2．B 3．A B： 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．B C： 8．C 9．A 10．B D： 11．C 12．A 13．C 14．D E： 15．C 16．D 17．C F： 18．Time-based prospective memory and event-based prospective memory. 19．Because the brain is too busy with other thoughts to record the action. 20．By connecting the task with a related image or location in your mind. 五、单词拼写。 1．(p)osition 2．(i)ncreasing 3．(r)ecall 4．(l)ikely 5．(a)ddress 六、书面表达。 例文： Dear Mary, I’m glad to give you some advice on how to improve your memory. First, it is a good idea to understand what you want to remember and connect it with things you already know. Second, you can try to form a picture in your mind. It will make it much easier to remember things. Third, having a healthy diet is also very important for your brain. Finally, I advise you to get enough sleep every day. A good sleep can help your brain work better. I hope these suggestions will be helpful to you. Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2026-2027学年九年级上册英语单元自测·安徽专用 Unit 4 Our Memory 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1．You can open a bank ________ to keep your savings safe. A．bank B．account C．website D．budget 2．—Could you please tell me ________ the art museum is open? —It opens from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. every day. A．what B．why C．when D．where 3．The teacher ________ us into five groups. Each group has ten students. A．divided B．disappeared C．doubted D．dropped 4．—I'm so happy because I will go to the concert tomorrow. —Really? That's wonderful! Have you got the concert ________ yet? A．paper B．ticket C．menu D．magazine 5．Stephen Hawking is widely ________ as one of the greatest scientists of our time. A．realized B．recognized C．reviewed D．reminded 6．It is a(n) ________ way to memorize by creating pictures in your mind. A．effective B．likely C．stable D．recent 7．Many students often ________ similar English words, so they need to pay attention to details. A．mix up B．run out of C．put away D．divide into 8．As the Palace Museum celebrates its 100th year, it reminds us ________. A．how we can take the journey B．why we must keep history alive C．how can we take the journey D．why must we keep history alive 9．If you keep on working like this, you will _________ yourself _________. A．wear; out B．break; out C．give; out D．lay; out 10．—It is said that people in the Year of the Sheep are gentle. —Maybe, but for my mother, ________. In fact, she gets angry easily. A．that's not the case B．that's all right C．that's a good idea D．that's for sure 二、完形填空。(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A There is a saying that "an elephant never forgets" and research has shown this is somewhat true. Elephants are very good at remembering which animals are friendly and which are dangerous. Older 1 use this skill to keep the rest of their group safe from dangers. Squirrels also have quite good memories. In autumn, they bury lots of nuts in the ground to 2 them for winter. They depend on their memory and sense of smell to find the nuts and dig them back up to eat them. What about the other animals? Do they have a good memory? Scientists have tested how 3 goats, sheep and alpacas could remember where food was hidden. In one experiment, they placed food under two out of eight buckets in an area. The animals were then brought back later to see if they could 4 which buckets held the food. The goats found the food fastest and made 5 mistakes. Sheep struggled more, while alpacas were slow and often couldn’t finish in 6 . In another test, food was hidden under cups that were moved or mixed with empty ones. Goats still 7 . They easily remembered where the food was even when things changed. Sheep and alpacas, however, had 8 following the cups once they moved. The tests show that goats are 9 and have better memories than sheep and alpacas. Farm animals might be cleverer than we realize. It seems that memory plays an important 10 in the animal world. 1．A．elephants B．squirrels C．goats D．sheep 2．A．sell B．store C．share D．plant 3．A．soon B．often C．well D．long 4．A．forget B．change C．remember D．hide 5．A．more B．fewer C．bigger D．louder 6．A．danger B．silence C．time D．surprise 7．A．excelled B．failed C．slept D．left 8．A．fun B．luck C．trouble D．interest 9．A．slower B．smarter C．weaker D．younger 10．A．game B．joke C．trick D．role B Spaced Repetition—A Breakthrough in Scientific Memory Methods For decades, students have stayed up late cramming for exams, only to forget most of what they learned within days. But what if there was a better way? In 2025, a landmark study published in "Nature Neuroscience" confirmed 1 spaced repetition is one of the most effective ways to move information from short-term to long-term memory. Spaced repetition works by reviewing information at 2 increasing intervals. Instead of studying the same material many times in one day, you review it after one day, then three days, then a week, then two weeks. Each time you successfully recall the information, the interval 3 . Dr. Robert Bjork, a leading memory researcher at UCLA, explains 4 spaced repetition works so well. "Each time you retrieve a memory, you strengthen the neural pathways connected to it. The act of 5 itself is what makes the memory stronger." Many students think that re-reading textbooks is the best way to study. 6 research shows that re-reading is actually one of the least effective methods. It gives learners a false sense of 7 because the material feels familiar. But familiarity is not the same as being able to recall information when you need it. 8 is important for learners to understand that forgetting is a natural part of the learning process. In fact, a certain amount of forgetting can be helpful. When you struggle to recall something, the brain works harder to find that information, which makes the memory stronger for the next time. To use spaced repetition effectively, students should create a study schedule and stick to it. They should also test 9 regularly instead of just re-reading notes. Digital tools like Anki and Quizlet have built-in spaced repetition algorithms that make 10 easier than ever. The key takeaway is simple: don’t cram. Instead, study a little bit every day and review what you’ve learned at increasing intervals. Your brain will thank you, and you’ll remember what you’ve learned for years to come. 1．A．what B．that C．if D．whether 2．A．slowly B．gradually C．quickly D．suddenly 3．A．shortens B．stays C．increases D．disappears 4．A．why B．when C．where D．how 5．A．reading B．writing C．recalling D．sleeping 6．A．Because B．Although C．So D．But 7．A．security B．confidence C．progress D．achievement 8．A．It B．This C．That D．What 9．A．themselves B．ourselves C．itself D．yourselves 10．A．it B．this C．them D．that 三、补全对话。(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 根据对话内容，从方框内的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两个为多余选项。 A: Hi, Tom! You don't look well. What's wrong? B: 1 I have a physics exam next Monday, and I keep forgetting the formulas. A: That's too bad. Have you tried any memory techniques? B: 2 I've been reading my notes again and again, but it doesn't help much. A: Maybe you can try a different method. I often use flashcard apps to help me remember things. B: Flashcard apps? 3 A: You can create flashcards with questions on one side and answers on the other. The app shows them to you at intervals to help you remember. B: That sounds useful! 4 A: Yes, they really help me remember things better. You can also try explaining the formulas to someone else. B: That's a great idea! 5 A: No problem! I hope you do well in the exam. A．Do they actually work? B．I'm worried about my exams. C．How do they work? D．I've tried that, actually. E．Thanks for your advice! F．I don't like studying at all. G．I haven't tried anything special. 四、阅读理解。(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 第一节 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Do you know what helps you stay focused and energetic while you study? The answer is brain food. Here are some great foods to power up your mind for the new school year. Nuts are great snacks for exam preparation. They contain healthy fats such as omega-3s to make brain cells work better and improve memory. They are rich in vitamin E, which can protect the brain from stress. They also provide protein and minerals to keep you energetic and focused. You can eat nuts easily during study breaks to keep your brain active. Dark chocolate is another good choice. It can lift your focus and alertness. You can pay full attention to your lessons. Your mind will stay clear while you are learning. Its flavonoids help blood flow to the brain, so you can concentrate (集中注意力) and remember things better. It also helps make you less stressful when you study for a long time. A small piece of dark chocolate is a nice choice for busy learners. Eggs also are good for brain health. They have choline, a nutrient important for memory and focus. Vitamins B in eggs can keep your brain sharp and keep your energy up. They are great food for exam preparation. What's more, they are healthy and easy to make. Many people do not think of fish as study snacks. However, fatty fish such as salmon, tuna and sardines are good for your brain. They have plenty of omega-3 fats. These nutrients help build brain cells and improve your memory and concentration. They also help you feel less worried and stay in a good mood, especially before exams. Berries look small, but they are good for your brain. Blueberries, strawberries and raspberries are rich in antioxidants (抗氧化剂). They protect your brain from stress and help you remember things well. They also help brain cells work better and lift your mood. Do you want to study well? Then remember that your food choices matter a lot. Foods like nuts, dark chocolate, eggs, fish and berries can keep your mind clear, focused and energetic during long hours of study. Choosing the right food keeps you healthy and helps your brain work well to get better school results. So pick a tasty snack, open your books and get fully prepared for your coming exams. 1．What can vitamin E in nuts do for your brain? A．It can make your mind work well. B．It can give you energy while studying. C．It can keep the brain safe from stress. D．It can improve memory and concentration. 2．What does the word "alertness" in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Feeling calm and staying relaxed. B．Being quick-minded and attentive. C．Learning happily and feeling comfortable. D．Remembering well and doing things easily. 3．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．Helpful Brain Foods for Study B．Different Kinds of Foods C．Healthy Foods for Strong Body D．Popular Foods in Daily Life B Grandmother's Lost Memories Rick's grandma is over seventy years old. These days, her memory becomes much worse. Last weekend, Rick visited her home and found some strange changes. She kept calling Rick Johnny, which is Rick's father's name. When Rick wanted to eat cookies, she told him those snacks were saved for her grandson, not realizing Rick was exactly that grandson. Rick felt really sad and worried about her condition. He talked with his classmate Chen Jie, whose grandpa also has memory problems. Chen told Rick that old people's memory usually falls little by little as they grow older. His grandpa once forgot the way to their park, so Chen takes him there every weekend. Chen shared a useful idea with Rick: do not only focus on the things the old lady forgets. We should keep in mind all the warm happy memories she still holds. Rick's grandma still remembers he loves cookies deeply, and this warm memory is very valuable. The two boys discussed what they could do for the elderly with poor memory. They decided to look back on happy family moments together, such as picnics and old opera shows. They planned to take many new photos and make a family photo album for Rick's grandma. Looking at pictures can help her recall more warm stories from the past. Rick finally understood sadness cannot solve the problem. Instead of feeling upset, he should stay with his grandma and create more new sweet memories with her. 4．What trouble does Chen Jie's grandpa have? A．He forgets the way to the park. B．He cannot remember any food. C．He loses his wallet every day. D．He cannot speak complete sentences. 5．What suggestion did Chen give to Rick? A．Send his grandma to hospital right away. B．Pay more attention to the happy memories she still has. C．Stop visiting his grandma to avoid sadness. D．Teach his grandma new memory skills every day. 6．What plan did the two boys make for Rick's grandma? A．Buy lots of cookies for her every week. B．Make a family photo album with new photos. C．Take her to watch operas alone every day. D．Move the grandma to live with Rick's family. 7．What can we learn from Rick's story? A．Old people will lose all memories completely. B．We should value the warm memories the elderly still keep. C．Sadness can help old people get back their memory. D．Photo albums cannot help recall past moments. C Your memory plays an important role in your daily life. It helps you remember who you are, where you live, what you have learnt at school, and what you plan to do in the future. In fact, whenever you recognize a friend's face, recall a lesson, or even find your way home, you are using your memory. So, how can you improve your memory? First, it is helpful to live a mentally (脑力上) active life. Make a point of trying new activities. For example, you will exercise your brain if you learn to play a new instrument, start learning a foreign language, or even try a new sport. You can also improve your memory with brain games, such as crosswords, word games and maths puzzles. Techniques like memory linking (联想记忆法) also work your brain and improve your memory. In memory linking, you make mental connections to help you remember them. For example, you can make up a story to link items in a list so that you will remember them. You will be exercising your brain as well as improving your memory! Second, a healthy body supports a healthy memory. If you live a healthy life, your memory will work better. Healthy eating habits are especially important. Research shows that eating green vegetables, nuts, berries, and oily fish can improve your ability to remember things. Try to have balanced meals every day. What's more, regular physical exercise, like running or playing ball games, helps your brain stay active. Also, do not forget to get enough sleep every night. While you sleep, your brain organizes what you have learnt during the day. Last but not least, it is important to get plenty of rest and manage stress. Unless you take time to relax, your brain will find it hard to remember things. If you feel too stressed or worried, your memory may become less sharp. Try listening to music, reading a book, or talking with friends when you need to relax. Remember, everyone forgets things sometimes, and it's normal for memory to change a little as people grow older. However, you can maintain and even improve your memory if you exercise your brain, live a healthy life and make time to relax! By following these steps, you can build a better memory— and make your daily life easier and happier. 8．According to the passage, which is a good way to improve your memory? A．Staying up late to learn new things. B．Trying the same daily activities to relax. C．Doing brain games like crosswords regularly. D．Spending most of your time listening to music. 9．According to the passage, what is the main purpose of Paragraph 3? A．To list ways to exercise the brain. B．To introduce how to learn a language. C．To explain how memory linking works. D．To show why learning new skills is helpful. 10．What can we learn from the passage? A．A lot of stress helps people's memory clearer. B．Sleep helps the brain organize what we learn. C．Some foods can stop memory changes with age. D．Relaxing is more important than food for memory. D Many people believe a common saying: fish can only keep memories for seven seconds. For a long time, we have thought fish are forgetful and they will never remember past experiences. However, a new scientific study shows that this old idea is completely wrong. According to a new study published in the famous science journal Nature, fish are much smarter than we imagine. Some kinds of fish have special DNA in their bodies. Surprisingly, this special genetic (遗传的) structure helps them form clearer and longer-lasting memories than human beings. More amazingly, their precious memories can be passed down to their young through genes. This amazing ability plays an important role in fish's survival in nature. It helps fish stay away from dangers and live longer. Here is a clear example. If parent fish once suffered from hunger in a special water environment, their baby fish will naturally remember this dangerous situation after birth. The young fish will make full preparations ahead of time to avoid hunger and keep safe. In fact, fish can remember dangerous places, food sources (来源) and useful skills for months. Next time when your friends talk about fish's seven-second memory, you can share this interesting science fact with them. It is really surprising that such small sea creatures have such powerful memories. 11．For a long time, what do people think of fish? A．They are smart. B．They are special. C．They are forgetful. D．They are interesting. 12．What does the underlined word "precious" mean in Paragraph 2? A．valuable B．terrible C．dangerous D．countable 13．What will happen when parent fish suffers from hunger in one place? A．They will tell their baby fish to remember this place. B．The parent fish will remember this dangerous place. C．Their baby fish will avoid hunger in this place after birth. D．Their baby fish will naturally forget this dangerous place. 14．According to the text, fish can remember ________ for months. A．a kind of food B．a good friend C．useful tools D．unsafe places E When preparing for a test, most students think it's best to simply study the material and try to memorize as much of it as possible. Many tests seemingly reward rote (死记硬背) memorization. But what if students are trained by testing themselves instead? Usually, studying is considered a safer bet; why risk producing wrong answers when you can just memorize the right one? Yet it turns out making mistakes early on can be more helpful for remembering information over time. Cognitive (认知的) psychologists Henry Roddy Roediger and Jeff Karpicke did a study where they had hundreds of students memorize passages from a test-preparation book for the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL). One group memorized these passages by reading them repeatedly, while another group read the passages several times and then completed three tests. The results were surprising: the students who repeatedly studied the material performed better at the beginning, but when they were tested again a week later, the students who tested themselves recalled over 60% of what they had learned, compared to only 40% for the group who repeatedly studied. The testing effect has since been confirmed in many studies under a range of conditions. Its value remains undoubted, but scientists are still discussing why it has such a powerful effect on memory. The simplest explanation is that testing exposes our weaknesses. When we test our memories, we expose the weaknesses of existing neural (神经的) connections in a way that finally strengthens what's useful and removes what's not, making the information we try to memorize more lasting and easier to recall. To maximize the benefits of the testing effect, it's important to return to the same information in shorter sessions over several days instead of cramming (塞进) everything into a single night of intense studying. This allows your brain to strengthen the information and create stronger memories. In short, testing is not just a tool for testing your knowledge but also a powerful learning tool. By embracing mistakes and actively testing yourself, you can improve your learning and memory. So, instead of avoiding mistakes, embrace them as opportunities for growth and mastery. 15．What do we know about Henry and Jeff's study? A．Self-testing works only in tasks of memorizing things. B．Those who repeatedly studied performed better later. C．Rote memorization doesn't work well in the long run. D．The study focused mainly on how to prepare for TOEFL. 16．What happens to the brain when people test their memories? A．Additional neural connections in the brain are created. B．The brain processes new information at a higher speed. C．The weak connections between neurons are removed. D．Weak but useful neural connections become stronger. 17．What is an effective way to study according to paragraph 4? A．Avoiding making the same mistakes in tests. B．Studying everything intensely on a single night. C．Reviewing in shorter sessions over several days. D．Focusing on what is most likely to be on the test. 第二节 阅读下面短文，并用英语回答问题（请注意每小题的词数要求）。 F Have you ever wondered why you can remember the lyrics of a song from years ago, but you often forget where you parked your car at the mall? Scientists have found that our memory works in different ways, and one of the most interesting is something called "prospective memory" (前瞻记忆). Prospective memory is your ability to remember to do things in the future. It includes two main types: time-based and event-based. Time-based prospective memory means remembering to do something at a specific time, like taking medicine at 8:00 p.m. Event-based prospective memory means remembering to do something when a certain event happens, like mailing a letter when you pass by a post office. However, prospective memory can fail us. One common reason is distraction. If you are talking on the phone while walking to your car, you might forget where you parked because your attention is divided. Another reason is "absent-mindedness". Sometimes we put our keys down while thinking about a problem, and the action doesn't even enter our memory because our brain is too busy with the problem. To improve prospective memory, experts suggest forming a habit of "mental linking". For example, if you need to buy eggs after school, try to connect the image of an egg with your school gate in your mind. Another tip is to use "external reminders" (外部提醒). Setting an alarm on your phone or leaving a sticky note on the fridge can help your brain "outsource" (外包) the job of remembering. Interestingly, studies show that young people are usually better at event-based prospective memory, while older adults are better at time-based ones because they are more used to planning their schedules. Understanding how prospective memory works can help us reduce those annoying "senior moments" in our daily lives. 18．What are the two main types of prospective memory mentioned in the passage?(不超过15个词) 19．Why does "absent-mindedness" cause prospective memory failure according to paragraph 3?(不超过15个词) 20．How can "mental linking" help improve prospective memory? (不超过15个词) 五、单词拼写。(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。 1．Can you show me the p________ (位置) of your school on the map? 2．The population in this country is i________ (增长) at about 6% per year. 3．I can't r________ what my grandma said just now. (回忆起) 4．It's l________ that he will forget the lecture time again. (可能的) 5．Here's Mr. Wang's new a________ (地址) : No. 1, Taoyuan Road, Taiyuan. 六、书面表达。(共20分) 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Mary向你请教如何提高记忆力。请你根据以下提示给她写一封回信，提出你的建议。短文需包括以下要点。 注意： 1. 词数：80左右 (短文的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)； 2. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。 Dear Mary， I’m glad to give you some advice on how to improve your memory. Best wishes! Yours， Li Hua 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $