Unit 5 At weekends（语法精讲+专项练习）

**基本信息** 聚焦频率副词与spend用法，构建"概念解析-规则提炼-对比拓展"三维方法体系，知识逻辑从基础用法到情境应用层层递进，助力语言能力与学习能力提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |频率副词|5类题型（填空/选择/完成句子等）|频率梯度量化（always→never）、位置三规则（be后/实义动前/句首强调）、how often提问法|从词义频率→句中位置→疑问句应用→提问方式，形成完整应用链| |spend用法|3类题型（介词填空/选择/连词成句）|双结构（on+名词/(in) doing）、三注意（人作主语/介词搭配/时态变化）、四词对比（spend/cost/take/pay）|从基本结构→使用规范→易混词辨析，实现从单一用法到综合运用的迁移|

2026秋 译林版英语五年级上册专项提优 Unit 5 At weekends 语法精讲 语法01 频率副词的用法 1、 常用的频率副词有：usually, often, always, sometimes 和 never(从不)。 它们的频率高低为：always＞usually＞often＞sometimes＞never。 频率副词 词义 发生的大致频率 always 总是 100% usually 通常 80% often 经常 60% sometimes 有时 30% never 从不 0 2、 频率副词在句中的位置： 1.放在be动词、情态动词或助动词之后。 典例： I am usually at home at weekends. 我周末通常在家。 2.放在实义动词之前。 典例： We often go to the cinema on Sundays. 我们经常在周日去看电影。 3.有时为了强调,可放在句首。 典例： Sometimes she waters flowers at weekends. 在周末,她有时浇花。 3、 在一般疑问句的答句中，频率副词一般放在助动词之前。 例如：—Do you often play football? 你经常踢足球吗? —Yes,I often do.是的,我经常(踢足球)。 4、 含义解析 1. always 表示“一直,总是”。(反义词 never 表示“从不”) 2. usually 意为“通常”，表示习惯性的动作或状态，很少有例外。 3. often 意为“经常，时常”，表示经常发生的动作或状态。 4. sometimes 意为“有时”,表示动作偶尔发生,有较长的间断时间。sometimes 可以放在句首、句中或句末。 五、对频度副词的提问 对频度副词提问，通常用how often. 如：—How often do you watch TV?你多久看一次电视？ —I sometimes watch TV. 我有时看电视。/ Three times a week. 一周三次。 注意：how often问的是频率，回答可以用频度副词 或“次数 +时间” 如：once a week, twice a month等 语法精练01 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.She sometimes ________(chat) with hi friends on the phone. 2.Su Yang’s parents usually ________(visit) her grandparents on Saturdays. 3.We like ________(play) football after school. 4.—What ________ Sandy usually ________(do)? —She usually reads books. 5.Helen often ________(go) to the cinema. 6.Nancy has a ________(dance) lesson. 二、单项选择。 ( )1. I__________ get up early, but today I got up late. A. always B. never C. sometimes ( )2. He is a good student. He __________ arrives late for class. A. often B. usually C. never ( )3.—__________do you exercise? —Three times a week. A. How long B. How often C. How many ( )4. My sister __________ eats junk food because it's unhealthy. A. always B. seldom C. often ( )5. We __________ have dinner at 7:00. It's our family habit. A. never B. sometimes C. usually 三、根据中文意思完成句子。 1.我爸爸总是很早起床。 My father __________ __________ up very early. 2.她有时周末去游泳。 She __________ __________ swimming on weekends. 3.我们从来不打架。 We__________ __________. 4.你经常去图书馆吗？ __________ you often __________ to the library? 5.他很少吃糖果。 He __________ __________ candy. 6.我通常步行去上学。 I__________ __________to school. 四、根据句意及首字母或中文提示补全单词。 1.I (总是) do my homework after school. 2.—Do you (经常) fly kites on Saturday? —Yes, I do. 3.Su Hai (有时) listens to music in her mother’s garden. 4.People (通常) have picnics on the grass in the park. 5.I want to v my grandparents every day. 6.People like c with his parents before he goes to bed. 7.I like p with Wang Bing’s dog. 五、用频度副词仿照例子写句子。 Mon. Tues. Wed. Thur. Fri. Bob Mary Alice Jenny 例: Bob always reads books. 1. _________________________________________________________________________ 2. _________________________________________________________________________ 3. _________________________________________________________________________ 语法02 spend的用法 一、常用结构 1.spend +时间/金钱+on +名词. 意思是“在某物上花费时间/金钱” 2.spend +时间/金钱+(in) doing sth. （介词in可以省略） 意思是“花费时间/金钱做某事” 如：I spend 50 yuan on this book.我花50元买了这本书。 She spends two hours(in) reading every day.她每天花两小时读书。 二、注意事项 1.主语必须是人，不能是物。 2.介词搭配要正确：后接名词时用on，不能省略。 后接动词时用(in) doing，不能直接加动词原形。 3.时态变化：spend的过去式是spent, 过去分词也是 spent. 拓展： 与cost,take,pay的简单区分 (1) spend:人作主语, spend... on/(in) doing (2) cost: 物作主语, sth. cost(s) sb. +金钱 (3) take: 常用 it takes sb. +时间+ to do sth. (4) pay: 人作主语, pay +金钱+for sth. 语法精练02 一、用正确的介词填空。 1. I spent 50 yuan __________ this dictionary. 2. She spends too much time __________ playing games. 3. They spend two hours __________ cleaning the house. 4. He paid 100 dollars __________ the ticket. 5. My father spent half an hour __________ repairing the bike. 二、单项选择。 ( )1. My sister __________ two hours __________ her homework every day. A. spend; do B. spends; doing C. spent; to do ( )2. How much did you __________ the new bike? A. spend on B. cost C. pay ( )3. They __________ all the morning __________ in the park. A. spent; to walk B. spend; walking C. spent; walk ( )4. Please don't __________ too much time __________ your phone. A. spend; on B. take; on C. cost; in ( )5. She is very busy. She __________ little time watching TV. A. spends B. costs C. takes 三、连词成句。 1. spends, her, on, sister, money, clothes, much, too（.） ______________________________________________________________________ 2. an, doing, hour, I, exercise, spend, every, day（.） ______________________________________________________________________ 3. spent, he, repairing, the, three, hours, bike（.） ______________________________________________________________________ 4. you, do, how, homework, long, your, spend, on（?） ______________________________________________________________________ Unit 5参考答案 语法精练01 一、1.chats 2.visit 3.playing 4.does; do 5.goes 6.dancing 二、1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. C 三、1. always gets 2. sometimes goes 3. never fight 4. Do; go 5. seldom eats 6. usually walk 四、1.always 2.often 3.sometimes 4.usually 5.visit 6.chatting 7.playing 五、1. Mary sometimes listens to music. 2. Alice often rides her bike. 3. Jenny usually dances. 语法精练02 一、1. on 2. in 3. in 4. for 5. in 二、1. B 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. A 三、1. Her sister spends too much money on clothes. 2. I spend an hour doing exercise every day. 3. He spent three hours repairing the bike. 4. How long do you spend on your homework? 第 1 页 共 6 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $