08-英文刊物拓展阅读练习卷 任务单-2027届高三英语二轮复习专项

**基本信息** 聚焦外刊真实语篇，通过细节理解、词义猜测等题型分类解析，构建“题型-方法-语篇”三维训练体系，融合文化意识与思维品质培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解（A-D篇选择题+E篇七选五）|4篇选择题（15题）+1篇七选五（5题），涵盖文化、健康、考古、环保主题|细节题定位原文信息，词义题结合语境推测，推理题分析逻辑关系，七选五注重段落衔接|以真实外刊语篇为载体，按题型难度梯度编排，实现语言能力与跨文化理解的协同提升|

外刊拓展阅读理解 （建议用时：45 min） 一、阅读理解 第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The Palace Museum in Beijing has unveiled a major digital initiative that will make more than 100,000 cultural relics accessible to the public through virtual reality and 3D scanning technology. The project, which has been under development for three years, represents the museum‘s most ambitious effort to date to bring its collection to a global audience. The digital platform allows users to explore the Forbidden City‘s halls and galleries from any location, zooming in on artifacts to examine details that are often invisible to the naked eye. The high-resolution 3D models capture every brushstroke on ancient paintings and every crack on centuries-old porcelain. “This is not just about viewing artifacts,” said Dr. Wang Kai, head of the museum’s digital department. “It‘s about creating an immersive experience that brings history to life.” The initiative includes a virtual reality feature that recreates historical scenes within the Forbidden City. Users can experience what it was like to walk through the palace during the Ming and Qing dynasties, observing court rituals and daily life. The museum has also developed an interactive map that allows visitors to trace the movements of emperors and officials through the palace complex. Since its soft launch in January, the platform has attracted over 5 million visits from 120 countries. The museum has partnered with several international institutions to translate content into 12 languages. “We want to share China’s cultural heritage with the world,” said Wang. “Digital technology allows us to do that in ways that were impossible just a decade ago.” The museum plans to expand the platform to include audio guides narrated by historians and art experts. It also aims to incorporate artificial intelligence that can answer visitor questions in real time. The next phase of the project will focus on creating educational modules for schools, making the Palace Museum a virtual classroom for students worldwide. 1.What is the main purpose of the Palace Museum‘s digital initiative? A. To replace physical visits to the museum. B. To make cultural relics accessible to a global audience. C. To increase ticket sales for the museum. D. To train historians in digital technology. 2.According to the passage, what feature does the digital platform offer to users? A. The ability to touch artifacts through a special device. B. High-resolution 3D models that reveal fine details. C. Live performances of court rituals. D. Guided tours with famous historians. 3.What does Dr. Wang Kai suggest about the value of the digital initiative? A. It is mainly for entertainment purposes. B. It creates an immersive experience that brings history to life. C. It will eventually replace traditional museums. D. It is only useful for international visitors. B The Mediterranean diet has long been celebrated for its health benefits, but a new study suggests that its positive effects may extend beyond physical health to include mental well-being. The research, published in the Journal of Clinical Nutrition, found that individuals who closely followed a Mediterranean diet were 33 percent less likely to develop depression over a 10-year period. The study tracked more than 15,000 participants across six European countries, assessing their dietary habits and mental health status at regular intervals. The researchers defined the Mediterranean diet as one rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish, olive oil, and nuts, with moderate consumption of red wine and limited intake of red meat and processed foods. “Our findings suggest that the Mediterranean diet may have a protective effect against depression,” said Dr. Maria Sanchez, lead author of the study. “The anti-inflammatory properties of the diet, combined with its high content of omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants, are likely to be the key mechanisms.” The research also found that the benefits were most pronounced among participants who had the highest adherence to the diet, suggesting a dose-response relationship. The study is part of a growing body of research exploring the link between diet and mental health. Previous studies have identified connections between poor diet and increased risk of anxiety and depression, but this is one of the largest and longest studies to examine the Mediterranean diet specifically. The findings have significant implications for public health policy, particularly in countries where depression rates are rising. However, the researchers cautioned that the study was observational and does not prove causation. “It is possible that people who follow a Mediterranean diet also tend to have other healthy lifestyle habits, such as regular exercise and strong social connections, which could contribute to their lower depression risk,” said Dr. Sanchez. The team is now planning a clinical trial to test whether dietary changes can directly reduce depression symptoms. 4.What was the main finding of the study? A. The Mediterranean diet prevents all forms of mental illness. B. Following a Mediterranean diet was linked to a 33% lower risk of depression. C. The Mediterranean diet only benefits physical health. D. The Mediterranean diet has no effect on mental health. 5.According to the passage, what is one possible mechanism for the Mediterranean diet‘s mental health benefits? A. Its high sugar content. B. Its anti-inflammatory properties and high omega-3 content. C. Its low protein content. D. Its high red wine consumption. 6.The underlined phrase “adherence to” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______. A. rejection of B. knowledge about C. commitment to following D. awareness of 7.What was a limitation of the study mentioned by the researchers? A. The study was too small to produce meaningful results. B. The study was observational and could not prove causation. C. The participants were only from one country. D. The study did not track participants for long enough. C In the steppes of northern Mongolia, archaeologists have made a discovery that is rewriting the history of horse domestication. A 2026 excavation at an ancient burial site has uncovered the remains of a horse that died approximately 5,000 years ago, with evidence suggesting it was ridden—making it the earliest known evidence of horse riding by nearly 1,000 years. The horse‘s skeleton shows distinctive wear marks on its teeth and vertebrae that are consistent with the use of a bridle and bit. The wear pattern, which scientists call “bit wear,” occurs when a metal or bone mouthpiece rubs against the teeth over time. The discovery pushes back the timeline of horse riding to around 3000 BC, a period when horses were primarily hunted for meat. “This is a game-changing discovery,” said Dr. William Taylor, an archaeologist at the University of Colorado who led the research team. “It suggests that humans were riding horses earlier than we thought, which has major implications for understanding the spread of human populations and the development of early civilizations.” The site also contained fragments of leather and bone artifacts that the researchers believe were parts of a bridle, though these materials have largely degraded over millennia. The team used advanced imaging techniques, including CT scanning and 3D modeling, to confirm the wear marks on the horse’s teeth were consistent with riding rather than natural wear. The discovery adds to a growing body of evidence that horse riding emerged in the Eurasian steppes, where horse domestication is believed to have originated. The ability to ride horses would have dramatically changed human mobility and warfare, enabling the rapid spread of languages, technologies, and political systems across the continent. The findings have also attracted the attention of geneticists, who are now analyzing DNA from the horse‘s remains to determine its relationship to modern horse breeds. Early results suggest it shares genetic markers with a population of ancient horses that previously had no known connection to riding culture. “Every horse skeleton tells a story,” Dr. Taylor said. “We are just beginning to understand what these stories mean.” 8.Why is the discovery of the 5,000-year-old horse remains significant? A. It proves that horses were first domesticated in Mongolia. B. It provides the earliest known evidence of horse riding. C. It shows that horses were used for meat before riding. D. It suggests that horses were only used for warfare. 9.According to paragraph 2, how did scientists determine that the horse was ridden? A. They found a bridle buried next to the horse. B. They identified distinctive wear marks on its teeth and vertebrae. C. They analyzed DNA from the horse‘s remains. D. They discovered paintings of horseback riding at the site. 10.The underlined word “game-changing” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______. A. controversial and uncertain B. minor and insignificant C. transformative and significant D. predictable and expected 11.What can be inferred about horse riding from the passage? A. It had no impact on human history. B. It contributed to the spread of languages and technologies. C. It originated independently in multiple regions. D. It began after the development of agriculture. D The world‘s coral reefs are in crisis. Rising ocean temperatures have caused mass bleaching events that have devastated reefs from the Great Barrier Reef to the Maldives. But a new study offers a rare piece of good news: some coral species may be more resilient to warming oceans than scientists previously believed. The study, published in Nature Climate Change, examined coral populations in the Pacific Ocean that experienced record-high temperatures during the 2024-2025 El Niño event. While many coral colonies died, researchers found that a significant number survived and demonstrated an ability to adapt to the heat. The survivors had a higher proportion of heat-tolerant symbiotic algae, the microscopic organisms that live inside coral tissue and provide them with food through photosynthesis. “We were surprised by how many corals made it through,” said Dr. Emily Reynolds, lead author of the study. “Some of the surviving colonies experienced temperatures that were well above the threshold we thought was lethal. This suggests that corals have a greater capacity for adaptation than we gave them credit for.” The researchers also found that corals that had previously experienced bleaching events were more likely to survive the recent heatwave. This indicates that corals may be able to develop a form of “thermal memory,” where prior exposure to stress enhances their tolerance to future stress. The findings offer hope that at least some coral populations may be able to withstand the warming trend. However, the study comes with a warning. While the capacity for adaptation exists, the pace of climate change is rapidly outpacing the ability of corals to adapt. If emissions continue to rise, even the most heat-tolerant corals may not survive. The authors emphasize that the findings should not be used as an excuse for inaction. “This is not a get-out-of-jail-free card for emissions reductions,” said Dr. Reynolds. “It is a reason to work even harder to protect what can be saved.” 12.What is the main finding of the study? A. All coral species will become extinct by 2050. B. Some coral species may be more resilient to warming than previously thought. C. Coral reefs have already recovered from all bleaching events. D. Ocean warming has no effect on coral survival. 13.According to the passage, what helped some corals survive the high temperatures? A. They migrated to cooler waters. B. They had a higher proportion of heat-tolerant algae. C. They stopped photosynthesizing during the heatwave. D. They developed thicker skeletons. 14.The underlined phrase “thermal memory” in paragraph 4 refers to ______. A. the ability to remember past ocean temperatures B. the phenomenon where prior stress enhances tolerance to future stress C. the process of recording temperature data in coral skeletons D. the capacity to predict future warming events 15.What is Dr. Reynolds‘ main message in the last paragraph? A. The findings suggest that emissions reductions are unnecessary. B. The findings should not be used as an excuse to delay action on emissions. C. All coral species can survive future heatwaves. D. Emissions reductions are no longer needed because corals are adapting. 第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 E Each year, the world generates more than 50 million tons of electronic waste—discarded smartphones, laptops, televisions, and appliances—making it one of the fastest-growing waste streams on the planet. (16) ______ E-waste contains valuable materials such as gold, silver, copper, and rare earth elements. A single ton of circuit boards can contain up to 800 times more gold than a ton of ore from a gold mine. Yet less than 20 percent of global e-waste is properly recycled. (17) ______ Improper disposal of e-waste poses serious environmental and health risks. When electronics are dumped in landfills, toxic substances like lead, mercury, and cadmium can leach into soil and groundwater. (18) ______ Several countries have adopted extended producer responsibility policies, which require manufacturers to take back and recycle their products at the end of their useful life. (19) ______ The European Union’s Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive has served as a model for similar legislation in other regions. Advances in recycling technology are also improving recovery rates. New methods using bioleaching—employing bacteria to extract metals from circuit boards—and automated sorting systems are making e-waste recycling more efficient and economically viable. (20) ______ The world is slowly moving toward a more circular approach to electronic goods. 选项（A-G）： A. The European Union has already banned all e-waste exports. B. In informal recycling operations, workers are often exposed to these toxins without protective equipment. C. These policies have proven effective at increasing collection and recycling rates in countries that have implemented them. D. However, the vast majority still ends up in landfills or is illegally exported to developing countries. E. Electronic waste is one of the few waste streams that is decreasing globally. F. E-waste is sometimes called “urban mining” because of its rich metal content. G. These innovations could help turn e-waste from an environmental problem into a resource opportunity. 二、参考答案与解析 阅读理解 A篇 文章大意： 本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了故宫博物院推出的大型数字项目，通过虚拟现实和3D扫描技术使超过10万件文物面向全球公众开放，创建沉浸式历史体验。 1. 答案：B 题干句意： 故宫博物院数字计划的主要目的是什么？ 解析： 本题考查细节理解。根据第一段，“make more than 100,000 cultural relics accessible to the public through virtual reality and 3D scanning technology”以及“bring its collection to a global audience”直接说明主要目的是让全球观众都能接触到文物。A项“取代实体参观”过于绝对；C项“增加门票销售”未提及；D项“培训数字技术历史学家”未提及。故正确答案为B。 2. 答案：B 题干句意： 根据文章，数字平台为用户提供了什么功能？ 解析： 本题考查细节理解。根据第二段，“The high-resolution 3D models capture every brushstroke on ancient paintings and every crack on centuries-old porcelain”直接说明提供高分辨率3D模型展示精细细节。A项“通过特殊装置触摸文物”未提及；C项“宫廷仪式现场表演”是VR功能之一但不全面；D项“著名历史学家导览”是未来计划而非当前功能。故正确答案为B。 3. 答案：B 题干句意： 王凯博士关于数字计划的价值暗示了什么？ 解析： 本题考查观点态度。根据第二段，“It‘s about creating an immersive experience that brings history to life”直接说明其价值在于创造沉浸式体验。A项“主要用于娱乐”与“educational”目的不符；C项“最终取代传统博物馆”未提及；D项“仅对国际游客有用”与“global audience”的包容性不符。故正确答案为B。 阅读理解 B篇 文章大意： 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项发表在《临床营养学杂志》上的研究，发现坚持地中海饮食的人在10年内患抑郁症的风险降低33%，并探讨了其可能的机制和局限性。 4. 答案：B 题干句意： 这项研究的主要发现是什么？ 解析： 本题考查细节理解。根据第一段，“individuals who closely followed a Mediterranean diet were 33 percent less likely to develop depression over a 10-year period”直接说明主要发现。A项“预防所有精神疾病”过于绝对；C项“仅有益于身体健康”与“mental well-being”矛盾；D项“无影响”与“33 percent less likely”矛盾。故正确答案为B。 5. 答案：B 题干句意： 根据文章，地中海饮食对心理健康有益的一个可能机制是什么？ 解析： 本题考查细节理解。根据第三段，“The anti-inflammatory properties of the diet, combined with its high content of omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants, are likely to be the key mechanisms”直接说明抗炎特性和高omega-3含量是可能机制。A项“高糖”、C项“低蛋白”、D项“高红酒消费”均与文意不符。故正确答案为B。 6. 答案：C 题干句意： 第三段中画线短语“adherence to”的含义最接近______。 解析： 本题考查词义猜测。“adherence to”意为“坚持、遵守”。文中“participants who had the highest adherence to the diet”指最严格遵守饮食的参与者。A项“拒绝”、B项“了解”、D项“意识到”均不符合。故正确答案为C。 7. 答案：B 题干句意： 研究人员提到的研究局限性是什么？ 解析： 本题考查细节理解。根据最后一段，“the researchers cautioned that the study was observational and does not prove causation”直接说明研究是观察性的，不能证明因果关系。A项“样本太小”与“more than 15,000 participants”矛盾；C项“仅来自一个国家”与“six European countries”矛盾；D项“追踪时间不够长”与“10-year period”矛盾。故正确答案为B。 阅读理解 C篇 文章大意： 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了蒙古考古学家发现的一具约5000年前的马骨架，其牙齿和脊椎上的磨损痕迹证明它曾被骑乘，这比此前已知的最早骑马证据早了近1000年，改写了人类驯马史。 8. 答案：B 题干句意： 为什么5000年前马骨骼的发现意义重大？ 解析： 本题考查细节理解。根据第一段，“making it the earliest known evidence of horse riding by nearly 1,000 years”直接说明其提供了最早的骑马证据。A项“首次驯化于蒙古”与“earliest known evidence”不等同；C项“骑乘前用于肉食”是背景信息；D项“仅用于战争”未提及。故正确答案为B。 9. 答案：B 题干句意： 根据第二段，科学家如何确定这匹马曾被骑乘？ 解析： 本题考查细节理解。根据第二段，“The horse‘s skeleton shows distinctive wear marks on its teeth and vertebrae that are consistent with the use of a bridle and bit”直接说明通过牙齿和脊椎上的独特磨损痕迹判断。A项“找到马笼头”与“largely degraded”矛盾；C项“DNA分析”是未来计划；D项“绘画”未提及。故正确答案为B。 10. 答案：C 题干句意： 第三段中画线单词“game-changing”的含义最接近______。 解析： 本题考查词义猜测。“game-changing”意为“改变游戏规则的、具有变革意义的”。文中形容这一发现是“game-changing”，因为其改变了人们对骑马起源时间的认知。A项“有争议且不确定的”、B项“微小且不重要的”、D项“可预测且预期的”均不符合。故正确答案为C。 11. 答案：B 题干句意： 关于骑马，可以从文章中推断出什么？ 解析： 本题考查推理判断。根据第五段，“The ability to ride horses would have dramatically changed human mobility and warfare, enabling the rapid spread of languages, technologies, and political systems”直接说明骑马促进了语言和技术的传播。A项“无影响”与“dramatically changed”矛盾；C项“独立起源于多个地区”未提及；D项“开始于农业之后”未提及。故正确答案为B。 阅读理解 D篇 文章大意： 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了发表在《自然·气候变化》上的一项研究，发现一些珊瑚物种可能比此前认为的更能适应海洋变暖，具有热耐受性的共生藻类和“热记忆”效应可能是原因，但研究结果不应成为减缓排放行动延迟的借口。 12. 答案：B 题干句意： 这项研究的主要发现是什么？ 解析： 本题考查细节理解。根据第一段，“some coral species may be more resilient to warming oceans than scientists previously believed”直接说明主要发现。A项“2050年前灭绝”与“more resilient”矛盾；C项“已完全恢复”与“warming trend”矛盾；D项“无影响”与“many coral colonies died”矛盾。故正确答案为B。 13. 答案：B 题干句意： 根据文章，什么帮助一些珊瑚在高温下存活？ 解析： 本题考查细节理解。根据第二段，“The survivors had a higher proportion of heat-tolerant symbiotic algae”直接说明存活者含有更多耐热共生藻。A项“迁移到冷水”未提及；C项“停止光合作用”与“provide them with food through photosynthesis”矛盾；D项“更厚骨骼”未提及。故正确答案为B。 14. 答案：B 题干句意： 第四段中画线短语“thermal memory”指的是______。 解析： 本题考查词义猜测。“thermal memory”指“热记忆”。文中定义为“where prior exposure to stress enhances their tolerance to future stress”，即先前暴露于压力增强对未来压力的耐受性。A项“记住过去温度”、C项“记录温度数据”、D项“预测未来变暖”均不符合。故正确答案为B。 15. 答案：B 题干句意： 雷诺兹博士在最后一段的主要信息是什么？ 解析： 本题考查观点态度。根据最后一段，“This is not a get-out-of-jail-free card for emissions reductions... It is a reason to work even harder to protect what can be saved”说明研究结果不应成为延迟减排行动的借口。A项“减排不必要”与“not... get-out-of-jail-free card”相反；C项“所有珊瑚都能存活”与“may not survive”矛盾；D项“不再需要减排”与“work even harder”相反。故正确答案为B。 阅读理解 E篇（七选五） 文章大意： 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了全球电子垃圾迅速增长的危机——每年产生超过5000万吨，其中含有金、银、铜等贵金属，但不到20%得到妥善回收，不当处置带来严重的环境和健康风险，而生产者责任延伸政策和回收技术创新正在推动解决方案的发展。 16. 答案：F 题干句意： 每年，全球产生超过5000万吨电子垃圾，使其成为地球上增长最快的废物流之一。（16）______ 解析： 本题考查段落衔接。前句介绍电子垃圾的规模，F项“电子垃圾有时被称为‘城市采矿’，因为它富含金属”承接前文“fastest-growing waste streams”，引出后文关于其中贵金属含量的讨论。A项“欧盟已禁止出口”与后文数据无关；D项“大部分最终进入垃圾填埋场”更适合第17空。故正确答案为F。 17. 答案：D 题干句意： 一吨电路板所含的黄金可以是一吨金矿石的800倍。然而，全球只有不到20%的电子垃圾被妥善回收。（17）______ 解析： 本题考查逻辑衔接。前句给出“不到20%被妥善回收”的数据，D项“然而，绝大多数最终进入垃圾填埋场或被非法出口到发展中国家”承接前句，说明其余电子垃圾的去向，与后文“improper disposal”的讨论衔接。A项“欧盟已禁止出口”与“illegally exported”部分矛盾；C项“政策有效”更适合第19空。故正确答案为D。 18. 答案：B 题干句意： 电子垃圾的不当处理会带来严重的环境和健康风险。当电子产品被倾倒在垃圾填埋场时，铅、汞和镉等有毒物质可能渗入土壤和地下水。（18）______ 解析： 本题考查细节衔接。前句提到有毒物质渗入土壤和地下水，B项“在非正规回收作业中，工人常常在没有防护设备的情况下接触这些毒素”具体说明了健康风险，与后文“policies”的讨论衔接。A项“欧盟已禁止出口”与“improper disposal”不直接相关。故正确答案为B。 19. 答案：C 题干句意： 一些国家已经采用了生产者责任延伸政策，要求制造商在产品使用寿命结束时回收其产品。（19）______ 欧盟的《废弃电子电气设备指令》已成为其他地区类似立法的范本。 解析： 本题考查逻辑衔接。前句介绍生产者责任延伸政策，C项“这些政策在已实施的国家已被证明在提高收集和回收率方面是有效的”是对该政策效果的说明，与后句“served as a model”形成递进。A项“欧盟已禁止所有电子垃圾出口”与欧盟指令的描述不完全一致。故正确答案为C。 20. 答案：G 题干句意： 回收技术的进步也在提高回收率。利用生物浸出和自动分拣系统的新方法使电子垃圾回收更高效、更具经济可行性。（20）______ 世界正在缓慢地朝着更循环的电子产品方式迈进。 解析： 本题考查结论句。前句介绍技术创新，G项“这些创新可以帮助将电子垃圾从环境问题转变为资源机会”总结前文技术创新的意义，与后文“circular approach”的结论衔接。A项“欧盟已禁止出口”与前文技术讨论无关。故正确答案为G。 多余选项： A（欧盟已禁止所有电子垃圾出口——与“欧盟指令作为范本”的描述不完全一致，且“禁止”过于绝对）、E（电子垃圾是少数全球减少的废物流之一——与“fastest-growing waste streams”矛盾） 三、长难句分析 1. 原句： “The platform has attracted over 5 million visits from 120 countries since its soft launch in January, and the museum has partnered with several international institutions to translate content into 12 languages, with plans to expand the platform to include AI-powered features that can answer visitor questions in real time.” 翻译： 自1月份软启动以来，该平台已吸引了来自120个国家的超过500万次访问，博物馆已与多家国际机构合作将内容翻译成12种语言，并计划扩展平台以加入能够实时回答游客问题的人工智能功能。 句子结构分析： 本句为并列复合句，包含“with”复合结构和定语从句。 第一分句：The platform（主语）has attracted（谓语）over 5 million visits（宾语）from 120 countries（介词短语作定语）since its soft launch in January（时间状语） 第二分句：and the museum（主语）has partnered（谓语）with several international institutions（介词短语作状语）to translate content into 12 languages（不定式短语作目的状语） “with”复合结构：, with plans to expand the platform to include AI-powered features that can answer visitor questions in real time（with+宾语+不定式，作补充说明） 定语从句：that can answer visitor questions in real time（修饰features） 2. 原句： “The researchers also found that corals that had previously experienced bleaching events were more likely to survive the recent heatwave, which suggests that corals may be able to develop a form of ‘thermal memory,’ where prior exposure to stress enhances their tolerance to future stress, offering a glimmer of hope for the future of coral reefs in a warming world.” 翻译： 研究人员还发现，先前经历过白化事件的珊瑚更有可能在近期的热浪中存活，这表明珊瑚可能能够发展出一种“热记忆”——先前暴露于压力会增强它们对未来压力的耐受性——为变暖世界中珊瑚礁的未来提供了一线希望。 句子结构分析： 本句为复合句，包含宾语从句、定语从句、非限制性定语从句、定语从句和现在分词短语。 主句：The researchers（主语）also found（谓语） 宾语从句：that corals that had previously experienced bleaching events were more likely to survive the recent heatwave（作found的宾语） 定语从句1：that had previously experienced bleaching events（修饰corals） 非限制性定语从句：, which suggests that...（which指代前面整个宾语从句内容） 宾语从句：that corals may be able to develop a form of ‘thermal memory’（作suggests的宾语） 非限制性定语从句：, where prior exposure to stress enhances their tolerance to future stress（where引导，修饰memory） 现在分词短语作结果状语：, offering a glimmer of hope for the future of coral reefs in a warming world（offering的逻辑主语为前面整句内容） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $