Unit 5 第4课时 Section A (4a-4c) 课件 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

该初中英语课件核心围绕被动语态展开，课堂导入通过主动与被动语态句子对比（如“A dog bites Lu Dongbin”与“Lu Dongbin is bitten by a dog”）直观引入主题，词汇学习结合词源解析（如telephone的tele-和-phone）搭建基础，新知学习从定义、结构到主动变被动步骤层层递进，形成学习支架。 其亮点在于融合词源教学提升语言能力，以青藏铁路短文（4c）为语境载体渗透文化意识，分层作业培养学习能力。采用表格梳理被动结构、实例解析转换步骤，帮助学生系统掌握，教师可直接用于分层教学和语境化练习，提升教学效率。

Unit 5 Power of Ideas Section A What changes can inventions bring to our lives? 第4课时 (4a-4c) 目录 词汇学习 Vocabulary 课堂导入 Lead in 新知学习 Knowledge 巩固习题 Exercise 课堂小结 Summary 课后作业 Homework VOCABULARY 1.telephone / tel f n/ n. 电话tele‑(远) + ‑phone (声音) 把声音传到远方 电话 2.supposed /s p zd/ sup‑(under 在… 下)+pos (put 放置)+‑ed 形容词后缀 被放置到某种状态 应当的;be supposed to do 应当做 3.wheel /wi l/ 原生词,无词缀,n. 车轮,轮子 4.eastern / i st n/ east (东)+‑ern(形容词后缀,表方向) adj. 东部的;东方的 5.layer / le (r)/ lay (放置)+‑er 名词后缀 一层层摆放 n. 层;表层 6.frozen / fr zn/ freeze (v. 结冰) 的过去分词作形容词,‑en 后缀表状态 adj. 冻硬的;冰封的 7.melt /melt/ 原生词,v.(使) 融化;逐渐消失 8.pipe /pa p/ 原生词,n. 管道;管子;烟斗 9.tourism / t r z m/ tour (旅行)+‑ism 名词后缀(表行业、活动) n. 旅游业 10.economic / i k n m k/ economy (n. 经济)+‑ic 形容词后缀 adj. 经济的;经济学的 11.gain / e n/ 原生词,v. 获得;取得 TRANSLATE: We are supposed to use the old telephone near the big wheel in the eastern area, where the top layer of frozen snow will melt beside the metal pipe;local tourism brings great economic benefits and helps people gain more wealth. 中文翻译: 我们应当去东部地区大车轮旁使用这部老式电话,在那里,冰封积雪的表层会在金属管道旁消融;当地的旅游业带来巨大的经济收益,帮助人们获得更多财富。 LEAD IN 主动语态: A dog bites Lu Dongbin. 被动语态: Lu Dongbin is bitten by a dog. 4a Read the sentences. Circle the verbs in the passive voice. A mini-camera is connected to the front of the glasses. The oil and salt are also added by the machine itself. Toys, chairs, tables, and even houses can all be made by the 3D printer. A radio message was sent across the Atlantic Ocean for the first time in 1901. 动词原形 过去分词 invent connect introduce press find connect need use create build allow increase improve invented connected introduced pressed found connected needed used created built allowed increased improved Ps: 规则动词直接加 -ed (如 invented, pressed) 以 e 结尾的只加 -d (如 used, created, improved) 不规则动词需要单独记忆:find found,build built。 一、什么是被动语态 主动语态:主语是动作的发出者(谁做这件事) Bell invented the telephone. 被动语态:主语是动作的承受者(主语被……) The telephone was invented by Bell. 核心: 想强调事物、被做的这件事,不用强调 “谁做的”,就用被动。 二、核心结构 1. 一般现在时被动:am /is/are + 过去分词 (done) 单数 / 不可数:is + done 复数:are + done I 作主语:am + done 例句: Many trees are planted every year. 很多树每年被(人们)栽种。 This camera is used for taking photos. 这个相机被用来拍照。 2. 一般过去时被动:was /were + 过去分词 (done) 单数:was + done 复数:were + done 例句: The radio was invented long ago. These houses were built in 2000. 3. 情态动词被动:can /should/must + be + 过去分词 情态动词不变,后面固定加 be + done The work can be finished today. Rubbish should be kept away. 三、by 的用法 by + 动作执行者,表示 “被……”,不强调谁做时,可以直接省略 by 短语。 主动:People build bridges. 被动:Bridges are built by people. (by people 可直接删掉 Bridges are built.) 四、主动变被动步骤 把主动句宾语拿出来,变成被动句主语 判断时态:选 am/is‑are / was‑were / 情态动词+be 动词变为过去分词 原主语放 by 后面,可省略 例:Workers built the railway. ①宾语 the railway 变主语 The railway ②时态一般过去、单数 was ③build 过去分词 built ④workers by workers 结果:The railway was built (by workers). 4b Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. The telephone _ (invent) by Alexander Bell in 1876. People all over the world _ (connect) to each other through the internet. The word “robot” _ (introduce) for the first time in a play in 1920. It wasn’t supposed to make such a loud noise when the button _ (press) to start the machine. It is believed that the world’s oldest wheel _ (find) in Eastern Europe. was invented are connected was introduced was pressed was found / l z nd (r) bel/ 亚历山大・贝尔 / j r p/ 欧洲 电话 应当的 n. 车轮,轮子 adj. 东部的;东方的 4c Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in brackets. The Qinghai–Xizang Railway was completed in 2006. It _ (connect) Xining to Lhasa, a huge distance of 1,956 kilometres, and it is the highest railway in the world, reaching 5,072 metres above sea level at Tanggula Pass. connects / l s / 拉萨 唐古拉山口 The building of the railway was a great challenge. Creative ideas _ (need) to solve different problems. In summer, the top layer of the frozen ground would melt and become too soft to build on, so pipes _ (use) to keep the ground hard. However, in some places, it was impossible to build the railway over the frozen ground, so tunnels had to _ (create) instead. In some other places, bridges _ (build) to keep the railway up above the ground. These bridges are animal-friendly and _ (allow) animals to pass under the tracks. were needed were used be created were built allow 冰封的 层,表层 v.(使) 融化;逐渐消失 n. 管道;管子;烟斗 As an important and successful project, the railway has _ (increase) tourism and economic development in the area. The lessons learnt and experience gained from building this railway will help _ (improve) transport in other similar places in the world. increased (to) improve 旅游业 adj. 经济的;经济学的 v. 获得;取得 Make a profile of the Qinghai–Xizang Railway. EXERCISE 一、用括号内动词的正确形式填空 This beautiful kite _ (make) by my grandpa last spring. All the windows _ (clean) every weekend in our school. More trees _ (should plant) along the river. That famous poem _ (write) hundreds of years ago. Some new rules _ (put) into use in our city next year. The broken bike _ (not repair) by this worker. was made are cleaned should be planted was written will be put can't be repaired 二、短文填空 Paper‑cutting is a traditional Chinese art. It _ (love) by lots of people around the world. Simple tools _ (need) for this art: paper and scissors. Most paper‑cut works _ (create) during festivals. Red paper _ (choose) most often because red means good luck. Different patterns _ (cut) to show wishes for happiness. In the old days, paper‑cutting _ (pass) down from mothers to daughters. Now, many courses _ (open) for young students. More young people _ (learn) this wonderful art, so it will not disappear. is loved are needed are created is chosen are cut was passed are opened are learning SUMMARY 一、核心语法:被动语态 1. 基本含义 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即 “被……”,不强调动作发出者;要说明动作执行者时,用介词 by + 执行者。 2. 基本结构:be + 及物动词的过去分词 be 动词随时态、人称、数发生变化,过去分词不变。 时态 被动结构 例句 一般现在时 am / is / are + done A mini‑camera is connected to the glasses. 一般过去时 was / were + done A radio message was sent in 1901. 含情态动词 情态动词 (can/must/should…)+ be + done Things can be made by the 3D printer. 3. 重点细节 1)by 短语:by 后面接动作的执行者,可以省略。 例:The oil are added by the machine.(by the machine 可去掉) 2)have to /has to 被动:have to be + 过去分词 例:tunnels had to be created 隧道不得不被修建 3)固定句型:It is believed that… 人们相信……(it 作形式主语) 4)区分主动与被动: 主动:人 / 物做动作; 被动:主语接受动作。 只有及物动词才有被动语态;不及物动词(happen, appear 等)无被动。 HOMEWORK 基础层(全体同学必做) 熟读课本 4a 的 4 个例句,在本子上抄写每个句子,并标出里面的被动语态动词。 梳理被动语态基本结构:一般现在时、一般过去时的被动构成,整理到笔记本上。 结合 4b,自己在课本里找出 5 个含有被动语态的句子,摘抄下来。 提升层(中等水平选做) 熟读 4c 青藏铁路短文,读懂文意,梳理文中主动语态与被动语态的不同用法。 观察生活,写出 6 个描述身边事物的英文句子,其中至少 4 句使用被动语态。 拓展层(学有余力选做) 查阅一项自己感兴趣的发明,写 8‑10 句英文小短文介绍它,文中要多处运用一般现在时、一般过去时的被动语态。 简单总结情态动词的被动结构(can /should + be done),各仿写 1 个英文句子写在作业本上。 $