Unit 5 Power of Ideas（第3课时）Section A 4a-4c 课件 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

该初中英语课件聚焦九年级上册Unit 5“Power of Ideas”，核心知识点为一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态及telephone、wheel等词汇。课堂通过“发明何时由谁发明”的核心问题导入，结合计算机程序、汉语拼音等实例引出被动语态，搭建从已知发明到语法学习的支架，衔接词汇与语法应用。 其亮点在于融合文化意识与思维品质，如4c青藏铁路填空练习渗透工程智慧与家国情怀，用表格对比语法结构、例句解析用法培养分析能力。采用“问题导入-语法讲解-练习巩固”模式，助力学生提升语言运用能力，为教师提供系统教学资源，提高课堂效率。

课时3(4a-4c) Unit 5 Power of Ideas Section A What changes can inventions bring to our lives? 九年级上册人教 1. 掌握并正确运用词汇：telephone, suppose, be supposed to do, wheel, frozen, eastern, layer, melt, pipe, tourism, gain 2. 掌握一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 The following inventions have greatly changed the world. Do you know when they were invented and who invented them? What do these verbs in bold have in common? These verbs are all in the passive voice. The computer program was invented by the English woman mathematician Ada Lovelace in 1843. The Chinese Pinyin was invented by the Chinese linguist(语言学家) Zhou Youguang in 1958. The internet was invented by American computer scientists Bob Kahn and Vinton Cerf in 1983. Computer program Chinese Pinyin The internet 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。当主语为动作的执行者时，谓语要用主动语态；当主语为动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态，如需要提及动作的执行者，可加上“by+动作的执行者”。 They use computers. （主动语态，主语they是动作use的执行者） Computers are used by them. （被动语态，主语computers是动作use的承受者） ① 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态的句式结构 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 肯定句 一般现在时：主语+ am/is/are +动词的-ed形式 (+ by ...). 一般过去时：主语+ was/were +动词的-ed形式 (+ by ...). 否定句 一般现在时：主语+ am/is/are + not +动词的-ed形式 (+ by ...). 一般过去时：主语+ wasn’t/weren’t +动词的-ed形式 (+ by ...). ① 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态的句式结构 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 一般疑问句 一般现在时： —Am/Is/Are +主语+动词的-ed形式 (+ by ...)? —Yes, 主语+ am/is/are.—No, 主语+ am/is/are+not. 一般过去时： —Was/Were+主语+动词的-ed形式 (+ by ...)? —Yes, 主语+ was/were.—No, 主语+ wasn’t/weren’t. ① 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态的句式结构 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 The car was made by a German company. 这辆汽车是由一家德国公司制造的。 They aren’t allowed to enter the house. 他们不被允许进入房子。 ① 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态的句式结构 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 —Were the trees planted last year? 这些树是去年种的吗？ —Yes, they were. 是的，它们是。 ② 被动语态的基本用法 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 The flowers are watered every morning. 每天早上给这些花浇水。 The new teacher was liked by all the students. 新老师受到所有学生的喜爱。 a. 当不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者，或需要特别强调动作的承受者时，常用被动语态。 ② 被动语态的基本用法 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 Our dream will surely come true. 我们的梦想一定会实现。 b. 不及物动词及词组没有被动结构，如：happen、take place、come true、run out等。 ② 被动语态的基本用法 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 This kind of skirt sold well here. 这种裙子在这里很好卖。 c. write、wash、sell、read、clean等可作不及物动词，用主动语态，和well、easily等副词连用，含有被动意义。 ② 被动语态的基本用法 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 This cup of orange juice tastes strange. 这杯橙汁尝起来很奇怪。 d. look、sound、smell、taste、feel等系动词，常用主动形式表示被动含义。 ② 被动语态的基本用法 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 I saw him cross the road. 我看到他穿过了马路。 → He was seen to cross the road (by me). e. 在含有感官动词或使役动词的主动语态中，动词不定式符号to要省去，但变为被动语态时，须加上to。 ② 被动语态的基本用法 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 We can’t laugh at him. 我们不能嘲笑他。 → He can’t be laughed at by us. f. 一些短语动词用于被动语态时，短语动词应当作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词。 ③ 主动语态和被动语态的转化 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 (1) 确定主动句的主语、谓语和宾语。 (2) 把主动句里的宾语变为被动句里的主语，若主动句里的宾语是人称代词，要将宾格变为主格。 ③ 主动语态和被动语态的转化 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 (3) 把谓语变成被动结构“助动词be+动词的-ed形式”，但时态不能改变。 (4) 把主动句中的主语放在介词by后作宾语，若主语是人称代词，应把主格变为宾格。 Read the sentences. Circle the verbs in the passive voice. 4a A mini-camera is connected to the front of the glasses. The oil and salt are also added by the machine itself. Toys, chairs, tables, and even houses can all be made by the 3D printer. A radio message was sent across the Atlantic Ocean for the first time in 1901. Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 4b 1. The telephone ___________ (invent) by Alexander Bell in 1876. 2. People all over the world ___________ (connect) to each other through the internet. 3. The word “robot” ____________ (introduce) for the first time in a play in 1920. was invented are connected was introduced Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 4b 4. It wasn’t supposed to make such a loud noise when the button ______ ________ (press) to start the machine. 5. It is believed that the world’s oldest wheel _________ (find) in Eastern Europe. was was found such a/an + adj. + 可数名词单数 如此……的…… pressed 人们相信 People all over the world are connected to each other through the internet. (教材P45 4b) all over the world 全世界 与around the world同义，在句中作状语。all over意为“遍布”。 Flowers can be found all over the world—in gardens, parks and even your home. 鲜花遍布世界各地——在花园里、公园里，甚至在你的家中。 20 People all over the world are connected to each other through the internet. (教材P45 4b) all over the world 全世界 all over的相关短语： all over China 全中国 all over the country 全国 all over the place 到处 词块拓展 21 It wasn’t supposed to make such a loud noise when the button was pressed to start the machine. (教材P45 4b) be supposed to do/be sth. 应当做（某事）或是（某物） 表示按规定、习惯、安排等应该做某事或应该是某物，其否定形式为be not supposed to do sth. “不应当做（某事）或是（某物）”。 We’re supposed to avoid pushing when we go upstairs or downstairs. 我们上下楼梯时应该避免推挤。 You’re not supposed to walk on the grass. 你不该践踏草地。 22 It wasn’t supposed to make such a loud noise when the button was pressed to start the machine. (教材P45 4b) be supposed to do/be sth. 应当做（某事）或是（某物） 表示按规定、习惯、安排等应该做某事或应该是某物，其否定形式为be not supposed to do sth. “不应当做（某事）或是（某物）”。 You were supposed to be here an hour ago! 你本该在一小时以前就到这儿! 23 It wasn’t supposed to make such a loud noise when the button was pressed to start the machine. (教材P45 4b) such a/an+adj.+可数名词单数 如此……的…… 此处such作限定词，表示“如此程度”。“such a/an+adj.+可数名词单数”表示“如此……的……”，可与“so+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数”互换。 This is such an interesting book that I have read it twice. = This is so interesting a book that I have read it twice. 这是一本如此有趣的书，我读了两遍。 24 It wasn’t supposed to make such a loud noise when the button was pressed to start the machine. (教材P45 4b) such a/an+adj.+可数名词单数 如此……的…… such也可修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，结构为“such+adj.+可数名词复数/不可数名词”。 I have never seen such beautiful flowers. 我从没见过这么漂亮的花。 It’s a pity to waste such delicious food. 浪费这么好吃的食物真是可惜。 用法拓展 25 Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Make a profile of the Qinghai-Xizang Railway. 4c The Qinghai-Xizang Railway was completed in 2006. It _________ (connect) Xining to Lhasa, a huge distance of 1,956 kilometres, and it is the highest railway in the world, reaching 5,072 metres above sea level at Tanggula Pass. connects Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Make a profile of the Qinghai-Xizang Railway. 4c The building of the railway was a great challenge. Creative ideas _____ ______ (need) to solve different problems. In summer, the top layer of the frozen ground would melt and become too soft to build on, so pipes _____ _____ (use) to keep the ground hard. However, in some places, it was impossible to build the railway over the frozen ground, so tunnels had to ________ (create) instead. In some other places, bridges ________ (build) to keep the railway up above the ground. These bridges are animal-friendly and ______ (allow) animals to pass under the tracks. were needed were used be created were built allow Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Make a profile of the Qinghai-Xizang Railway. 4c As an important and successful project, the railway has ________ (increase) tourism and economic development in the area. The lessons learnt and experience gained from building this railway will help ___________ (improve) transport in other similar places in the world. increased (to) improve ... the railway has increased tourism and economic development in the area. (教材P45 4c) tourism /ˈtʊərɪzəm/ n. 旅游业 “I want to be a tour guide,” Lucy said. “I can show tourists around and help local tourism.” “我想当一名导游。”露西说，“我可以带游客参观，为当地的旅游业出一份力。” tour n. 旅行；游览 tourist n. 游客 tourism n. 旅游业 29 1. Chinese _______ (speak) by more and more people from foreign countries today. 2. The students didn’t understand the question until it ___________ (explain) again. 3. Now teenagers ____________ (encourage) to do voluntary work for their local communities. 一、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 is spoken was explained are encouraged 二、按要求完成句子，每空一词。 1. My mom makes me do the dishes every day. (改为被动语态) I am ______ _____ do the dishes every day. 2. He bought me a new toy as a birthday present. (改为被动语态) A new toy _____ _______ ____ me as a birthday present. made to was bought for 二、按要求完成句子，每空一词。 3. Bob took good care of his brother when their mother was out. (改为被动语态) Bob’s brother _____ ______ good care of by Bob when their mother was out. taken was Inventions play an important role in our daily lives. Many great inventions 1.___________ (invent) by smart people in history. For example, the camera 2.___________ (invent) in the 19th century, and now it 3.________ (use) by people all over the world to record beautiful moments. The laptop is another useful invention. It 4.__________ (produce) in many countries today, and it helps us work and study easily. Paper-making, one of the greatest inventions in ancient China, 5._______ (use) widely in our lives now. were invented 三、阅读下面短文，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 was invented is used is produced is used 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 基本结构 1. 一般现在时：am/is/are +动词的-ed形式 2. 一般过去时：was/were +动词的-ed形式 宾语提前变主语，时态人称be体现。 动词-ed形式勿变错，原主变宾by后见。 1. 常用被动语态的情况 2. 不及物动词及词组没有被动结构 3. 用主动形式表示被动含义的情况 4. 动词不定式符号to不能省略的情况 5.介词不能省略的情况 主动语态和被动语态的转化 基本用法 34 1. 用被动语态写几个句子来介绍自己喜欢的发明。 2. 将本课所学内容形成重点笔记。 35 $