专题04 Unit 4 Protecting Our Heritage Sites-【语境串考点】一轮高频考点 单元备考学案 -2027届高三英语译林版选择性第三册

该高中英语高考复习导学案系统覆盖heritage、status等12个高考高频词汇，以“语境串记语篇”为核心纽带，通过词根拆解、词性变化总表等模块构建知识网络，结合语法填空、默写练习等任务驱动设计，引导学生自主梳理词汇用法及考点联系，提升语言能力。 亮点在于自主学习支持与个性化复习设计，如“自我检测”通过记忆链复述模板诊断掌握情况，“语法填空”整合高考真题改编题强化应用，培养学习能力与思维品质。关联阅读和词汇升级练习助力学生构建个性化知识体系，教师可通过学情精准指导，实现因材施教。

专题04【语境串考点】第四单元备考学案（译林版2019） 高考高频知识点：heritage / status / urgent / conflict / collapse / assess / preserve / conservation / emerge / intense / pursue / outcome （知识点来源：选择性必修三 Unit 4 · Protecting our heritage sites + 高考高频知识点） 学校:____________________ 姓名：____________________ 班级：__________ 座号：__________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记语篇 1 【英文语篇】 1 【中文译文】 1 Part 2 知识点列表 2 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 2 Part 4 词性变化总表 9 Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 9 【练习题】 9 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 10 【练习题】 10 Part 7 关联阅读 10 Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 11 Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 12 Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 12 Part 1 语境串记语篇 【英文语篇】 Behind my school there is an old stone bridge. It is part of the town's heritage, and last year it was given the status of a protected site. The news came at an urgent moment. Heavy rain and careless building work had been in conflict with the old stones for years, and one small arch was close to collapse. A team of specialists came to assess the damage. They wanted to preserve every original stone, so their conservation plan was slow and careful. As they worked, the name of the builder began to emerge from an old record book. The whole town felt an intense joy at the news. We now pursue a simple aim: to hand the bridge on to our children. The best outcome is not a new bridge, but an old one that still stands. 【中文译文】 我们学校后面有一座古老的石桥。它是这座小镇（heritage）遗产的一部分，去年它被授予了受保护遗址的（status）地位。这个消息来得正是（urgent）紧迫的时候。多年来，暴雨与随意的施工一直与这些老石头处于（conflict）冲突之中，其中一个小拱券已经濒临（collapse）坍塌。 一支专家团队前来（assess）评估损毁情况。他们想（preserve）保护住每一块原有的石料，因此他们的（conservation）保护方案缓慢而细致。在施工过程中，建桥人的名字开始从一本旧账册里（emerge）浮现出来。全镇人为这个消息感到（intense）强烈的喜悦。如今我们（pursue）追求一个朴素的目标：把这座桥传下去。最好的（outcome）结果不是一座新桥，而是一座依然屹立的老桥。 💡 语境串联记忆线索：小镇遗产→受保护地位→形势紧迫→与开发冲突→濒临坍塌→专家评估→保护原石→保护方案→史料浮现→喜悦强烈→追求目标→最好结果 记忆链：heritage → status → urgent → conflict → collapse → assess → preserve → conservation → emerge → intense → pursue → outcome Part 2 知识点列表 序号 知识点 音标 词性 + 释义 + 高考考点 1 heritage /ˈherɪtɪdʒ/ n. 遗产；传统；遗留物 ⚡考点：cultural/natural heritage 文化/自然遗产；a rich heritage 丰厚的遗产；World Heritage Site 世界遗产地；辨析heritage/inheritance 2 status /ˈsteɪtəs/ n. 地位；身份；状态；重要身份 ⚡考点：social status 社会地位；the status of 的地位；status quo 现状；单复数同形；辨析status/state 3 urgent /ˈɜːdʒənt/ adj. 紧急的；急迫的；催促的 ⚡考点：in urgent need of 急需；an urgent matter 急事；urgency n. 紧迫；urgently adv. 紧急地；urge v. 敦促 4 conflict /ˈkɒnflɪkt/ /kənˈflɪkt/ n. 冲突；矛盾 v. 冲突；抵触 ⚡考点：in conflict with 与…冲突；come into conflict 发生冲突；conflicting adj. 相互矛盾的；名动重音不同 5 collapse /kəˈlæps/ v./n. 倒塌；崩溃；晕倒；暴跌 ⚡考点：be close to collapse 濒临倒塌；collapse under 因…而垮掉；the collapse of 的崩溃；辨析collapse/fall down 6 assess /əˈses/ vt. 评估；评定；估价 ⚡考点：assess the damage/risk 评估损失/风险；assess sth. as 把…评定为；assessment n. 评估；assessor n. 评估员 7 preserve /prɪˈzɜːv/ vt. 保护；保存；保留 n. 保护区 ⚡考点：preserve sth. from 保护…免受；well preserved 保存完好；preservation n. 保存；辨析preserve/reserve 8 conservation /ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn/ n. 保护；保存；节约（能源） ⚡考点：wildlife/energy conservation 野生动物/能源保护；conserve v. 保护；conservationist n. 环保人士 9 emerge /iˈmɜːdʒ/ vi. 出现；浮现；显露；摆脱（困境） ⚡考点：emerge from 从…出现；it emerges that 结果表明；emerging adj. 新兴的；emergence n. 出现 10 intense /ɪnˈtens/ adj. 强烈的；剧烈的；热切的 ⚡考点：intense heat/interest 酷热/浓厚兴趣；intensity n. 强度；intensify v. 加强；辨析intense/intensive 11 pursue /pəˈsjuː/ vt. 追求；从事；追赶；继续进行 ⚡考点：pursue a goal/career/dream 追求目标/事业/梦想；pursuit n. 追求；in pursuit of 追求 12 outcome /ˈaʊtkʌm/ n. 结果；结局；成果 ⚡考点：the outcome of 的结果；a positive outcome 积极结果；辨析outcome/result/consequence/effect Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 1. heritage /ˈherɪtɪdʒ/ n. 遗产；传统；遗留物 【核心考点】 heritage是文化遗产单元的核心名词，也是近年高考语法填空与阅读的高频词。常用搭配cultural heritage（文化遗产）、natural heritage（自然遗产）、intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产）、a rich heritage（丰厚的遗产）、the World Heritage List（世界遗产名录）、a World Heritage Site（世界遗产地）、protect/preserve our heritage（保护我们的遗产）。用法要点：heritage多作不可数名词，前面常加rich、cultural、national等定语；表"某国的遗产"用of或形容词性物主代词。辨析：heritage（一个民族或国家世代相传的文化、传统与古迹，抽象且集体）vs inheritance（个人从长辈处继承的财产或遗传特征，具体且私人）vs legacy（前人留下的影响或遗留问题，可褒可贬）vs tradition（习俗传统，强调行为方式）。 【词根联想】 源自古法语heritage"继承之物"，出自拉丁语hereditare"继承"（heres"继承人"）+ 名词后缀-age"总称"→ 世代继承下来的东西→ 遗产。联想：her/herit"继承"→ heir（继承人）、inherit（继承）、inheritance（继承物）、heritage（遗产）、hereditary（世袭的；遗传的）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：heritage n. 传统；由来已久的特质。熟义"文化遗产"之外，heritage可指一个群体世代相传的精神传统或身份特质，如a heritage of hard work（勤劳的传统）、people of mixed heritage（多元血统背景的人）。此义在人物介绍与文化对比类阅读中常见。 【真题原句】 （2023·全国乙卷·语法填空·rich heritage名词搭配）"Visiting several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage while constantly growing."（在过去十年间多次到访，令我惊叹的是新旧共存的景象，以及一座城市如何能在不断发展的同时守住如此丰厚的遗产。）（真题原句·heritage 遗产） 【搭配词块】 cultural heritage 文化遗产 / a rich heritage 丰厚的遗产 / World Heritage Site 世界遗产地 / inherit v. 继承 2. status /ˈsteɪtəs/ n. 地位；身份；状态；（法律）资格 【核心考点】 status是社会文化类语篇的高频名词。常用搭配social status（社会地位）、the status of（…的地位/身份）、be given the status of（被授予…的资格）、raise/improve one's status（提高地位）、status symbol（身份的象征）、the status quo（现状，拉丁语借词，写作高级表达）、marital status（婚姻状况）。用法要点：status为不可数名词，单复数同形，不能说statuses表"地位"（表"状态记录"时才有复数）。辨析：status（社会或法律所承认的地位与身份，含"被认可"的意味）vs position（职位；位置，较具体）vs state（状态，指事物所处的情形）vs rank（等级，强调序列高低）。文化遗产语篇中"被列入世界遗产名录"常写作be given World Heritage status。 【词根联想】 直接借自拉丁语status"站立的姿势；状况"，来自stare"站立，stand"→ 一个人站在社会中的位置→ 地位；身份。联想：sta/stat"站"→ stand（站）、station（车站）、statue（雕像）、stable（稳定的）、state（状态）、status（地位）、statistics（统计）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：status n. （事情的）状态；进展情况。熟义"社会地位"之外，status常指某项事务当前的进展状态，如check the status of your order（查询订单状态）、the current status of the project（项目当前进展）。此义在应用文与网页类阅读中高频出现。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The old stone bridge was given the status of a protected cultural site last year."（这座古老的石桥去年被授予了受保护文化遗址的地位。）（经典原句·status 地位；身份） 【搭配词块】 social status 社会地位 / the status of 的地位 / status quo 现状 / status symbol 身份象征 3. urgent /ˈɜːdʒənt/ adj. 紧急的；急迫的；催促的；坚持的 【核心考点】 urgent是议论文与说明文的高频形容词，也是写作提分词。核心搭配in urgent need of sth.（急需某物，写作黄金句式）、an urgent matter/problem/task（紧急事务/问题/任务）、an urgent appeal/call for（对…的紧急呼吁）、It is urgent that sb. (should) do sth.（某人必须马上做…，从句用虚拟语气，should可省，高考经典考点）。名词urgency n.（紧迫；急事）→ a sense of urgency（紧迫感）、a matter of great urgency（十万火急的事）；副词urgently adv.（紧急地）；动词urge v.（敦促；力劝）→ urge sb. to do sth.。辨析：urgent（时间上刻不容缓，必须立刻处理）vs important（重要的，不一定紧急）vs pressing（迫切的，与urgent近义）vs critical（危急的，形势严峻）。呼吁保护遗产的主旨句常用be in urgent need of protection。 【词根联想】 拉丁语urgere"推挤；催逼"（→ 英语urge敦促）+ 现在分词形容词后缀-ent→ 正在催逼你的→ 紧急的。联想：urg"催；推"→ urge（敦促；冲动）、urgent（紧急的）、urgency（紧迫）、urgently（紧急地），记忆图像"被人从背后一直推着走"，正是"事情紧急"。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：urgent adj. （语气）坚持的；急切的。熟义"紧急的"之外，urgent可形容说话的口吻急切而坚持，如an urgent whisper（急切的低语）、in an urgent voice（用急切的语气）。此义在读后续写的语言描写中很实用。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"After the summer storms, the ancient temple was in urgent need of careful repair."（在夏季的暴风雨之后，这座古庙急需一次细致的修缮。）（经典原句·urgent 紧急的；急迫的） 【搭配词块】 in urgent need of 急需 / an urgent matter 急事 / a sense of urgency 紧迫感 / urge v. 敦促 4. conflict /ˈkɒnflɪkt/（n.） /kənˈflɪkt/（v.） n. 冲突；矛盾；争执；战斗 vi. 冲突；抵触 【核心考点】 conflict是高考经典的"名动同形、重音不同"词：作名词重音在前/ˈkɒnflɪkt/，作动词重音在后/kənˈflɪkt/，这是听力与词汇题的常考点。核心搭配be in conflict with（与…相冲突）、come into conflict with（与…发生冲突）、a conflict of interest（利益冲突）、resolve/settle a conflict（化解冲突）、armed conflict（武装冲突）；作动词conflict with（与…相抵触）。形容词conflicting adj.（相互矛盾的）→ conflicting views/reports（相互矛盾的观点/报道）。辨析：conflict（因立场、利益或观念对立而产生的持久对抗）vs quarrel（口角争吵，多为个人之间）vs argument（争论，可以是理性的）vs dispute（争端，常涉及正式的分歧）。遗产保护语篇中"开发与保护的矛盾"常写作the conflict between development and protection。 【词根联想】 con-（共同，together）+ flict（拉丁语fligere"打击，strike"）→ 双方互相打击→ 冲突。联想：flict/flig"打击"→ conflict（冲突→互相打）、inflict（使遭受→向内打）、afflict（折磨→朝着打）、profligate（挥霍的），con-前缀另见connect、combine。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：conflict n. （时间安排上的）撞车；抵触。熟义"冲突"之外，conflict可指日程或安排上的相互冲突，如a scheduling conflict（日程冲突）、The two meetings conflict.（两个会议时间撞车了。）此义在应用文与对话类听力中高频出现。 【真题原句】 （2023·全国乙卷·阅读D·the first conflict名词用法）"The clearest example of this between literate and non-literate history is perhaps the first conflict, at Botany Bay, between Captain Cook's voyage and the Australian Aboriginals."（有文字历史与无文字历史之间最清晰的例证，或许就是植物学湾那场发生在库克船长航队与澳大利亚原住民之间的最初冲突。）（真题原句·conflict 冲突） 【搭配词块】 be in conflict with 与…冲突 / come into conflict 发生冲突 / a conflict of interest 利益冲突 / conflicting adj. 矛盾的 5. collapse /kəˈlæps/ vi. 倒塌；坍塌；崩溃；晕倒；暴跌 n. 倒塌；崩溃；病倒 【核心考点】 collapse是古建筑保护与经济类语篇的高频词，动词名词同形。作动词：The old wall collapsed in the storm.（老墙在暴风雨中坍塌）；collapse under the weight of（在…重压下垮塌）；He collapsed from exhaustion.（他因疲惫而昏倒）。作名词：be close to collapse（濒临倒塌/崩溃）、the collapse of the economy（经济崩溃）、suffer a nervous collapse（精神崩溃）。用法要点：collapse为不及物动词，不能说be collapsed；表"使倒塌"要用bring down或cause…to collapse。辨析：collapse（因结构失效而整体突然垮下，程度最重）vs fall down（普通用词，摔倒或倒下）vs break down（机器故障；情绪崩溃）vs crash（猛烈撞毁；系统崩溃）。文物险情报道中"濒临坍塌"固定说法即be close to collapse。 【词根联想】 col-（com-的变体，完全）+ lapse（拉丁语labi"滑倒，slip"）→ 完全滑落下去→ 坍塌；崩溃。联想：laps"滑"→ lapse（失误；流逝→滑过去）、elapse（时间消逝）、relapse（旧病复发→滑回去）、collapse（坍塌→整个滑下来）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：collapse vi. （因病或劳累）昏倒；病倒。熟义"倒塌"之外，collapse常指人突然倒下，如He collapsed on the track during the race.（他在比赛中倒在了跑道上。）此义在记叙文与读后续写的突发事件描写中极为常见。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"After a week of freezing rain, the north wall of the pagoda was close to collapse."（在一周的冻雨之后，这座塔的北墙已经濒临坍塌。）（经典原句·collapse 倒塌；坍塌） 【搭配词块】 be close to collapse 濒临倒塌 / collapse under 在…重压下垮掉 / the collapse of 的崩溃 / collapse from exhaustion 累倒 6. assess /əˈses/ vt. 评估；评定；估价；核定（税额） 【核心考点】 assess是科研、教育与工程类语篇的高频动词，2023年高考完形填空曾直接考查其"检查、评估"之义。核心搭配assess the damage/risk/situation（评估损失/风险/形势）、assess the value of（估算…的价值）、assess sb.'s performance（评定某人的表现）、assess sth. as（把…评定为）、be assessed on（依据…来评定）。名词assessment n.（评估；评定；看法）→ make an assessment of（对…作出评估）、a fair assessment（公允的评价）；assessor n.（评估员）。辨析：assess（依据标准系统地评定价值、程度或质量，最正式）vs evaluate（评价，侧重判断优劣）vs estimate（估计数量或大小，可能不精确）vs judge（判断，带主观色彩）。修缮古建筑前"先评估后动工"正是assess before repairing。 【词根联想】 as-（ad-的变体，朝向）+ sess（拉丁语sedere"坐，sit"）→ 法官助手坐在旁边核定税额→ 评定；评估。联想：sess/sed/sid"坐"→ session（会议→坐在一起）、assess（评估→坐在旁边核定）、preside（主持→坐在前面）、resident（居民→坐下来住）、sediment（沉淀物）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：assess vt. 检查（伤情、病情）。熟义"评估"之外，assess在医疗急救语境中指对伤者进行初步检查判断，如The injured runner was assessed at the aid station.（受伤的选手在救助站接受了检查。）2023年新课标Ⅰ卷完形填空正是考查此义。 【真题原句】 （2023·新课标Ⅰ卷·完形填空第49题·was assessed被动表"接受检查"）"Once there, Lenoue was assessed and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees."（到那儿之后，勒诺先接受了检查，随后被送往医院，在医院里她得知自己的一个膝盖伤得很重。）（真题原句·assess 评估；检查） 【搭配词块】 assess the damage 评估损失 / assess the risk 评估风险 / assessment n. 评估 / be assessed on 依据…评定 7. preserve /prɪˈzɜːv/ vt. 保护；保存；保留；腌制 n. 保护区；专门领域 【核心考点】 preserve是文化遗产与生态话题的核心动词，2022年新高考Ⅰ卷语法填空曾出现其动名词形式。核心搭配preserve cultural relics/biological diversity（保护文物/生物多样性）、preserve sth. from（保护…免受…）、be well preserved（保存完好，描写古迹的黄金表达）、preserve one's dignity（保持尊严）、preserve food（保存食物）。名词preservation n.（保护；保存）→ the preservation of ancient buildings；作名词时a nature preserve（自然保护区）。辨析：preserve（使原状不受损害地长期保存下来，强调"保持原貌"）vs protect（保护使免受伤害，最通用）vs conserve（节约使用有限资源；保护自然，强调"不浪费"）vs maintain（维持现状，含日常维护之义）vs reserve（预订；储备，与preserve拼写相近但含义不同，高考易混）。 【词根联想】 pre-（预先，before）+ serve（拉丁语servare"保持；守卫，keep"）→ 事先守护起来→ 保存；保护。联想：serv"守；保持"→ preserve（保存）、conserve（节约保护）、reserve（保留；预订）、observe（观察→守着看）、deserve（应得）、reservoir（水库）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：preserve n. 专门领域；禁脔。熟义"保护"之外，preserve作名词可指某类人独享的领域，如Science was once regarded as a male preserve.（科学曾被视为男性的专属领域。）此外preserves还可表示"果酱；蜜饯"，是生活类语篇的常见义项。 【真题原句】 （2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·语法填空·preserving并列动名词）"The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of 'protecting the authenticity and integrity of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets for future generations'."（大熊猫国家公园的设计旨在体现"保护自然生态系统的原真性和完整性、保存生物多样性、保护生态屏障区、为子孙后代留下珍贵自然资产"的指导原则。）（真题原句·preserve 保存；保护） 【搭配词块】 preserve cultural relics 保护文物 / be well preserved 保存完好 / preserve sth. from 保护…免受 / preservation n. 保存 8. conservation /ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn/ n. 保护；保存；（对自然资源的）保护；节约 【核心考点】 conservation是生态与遗产话题的高分名词，写作中替换protection可显著提升档次。核心搭配wildlife/nature conservation（野生动物/自然保护）、energy/water conservation（能源/水资源节约）、a conservation project/programme（保护项目）、conservation efforts（保护工作）、the conservation of cultural relics（文物保护）。同源词conserve v.（保护；节约；节省）→ conserve energy/water；conservationist n.（自然保护主义者）；conservative adj.（保守的）n.（保守派）——注意conservation（保护）与conservative（保守的）形近义异，是高考易混点。辨析：conservation（对自然资源或文化遗产的系统性保护与合理利用，正式且宏观）vs protection（保护，最通用）vs preservation（保存原貌，侧重不改变）vs maintenance（维护保养，侧重日常）。 【词根联想】 con-（共同，加强）+ serv（拉丁语servare"保持"）+ -ation（名词后缀）→ 一起把某物保持住→ 保护；节约。联想：serv"保持"词族→ conserve（节约保护）、conservation（保护）、conservative（保守的→想保持原样的）、preserve（保存）、reserve（储备），前缀con-另见connect、combine、collect。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The conservation of ancient wooden buildings requires both money and endless patience."（古代木构建筑的保护既需要资金，也需要无尽的耐心。）（经典原句·conservation 保护） 【搭配词块】 wildlife conservation 野生动物保护 / energy conservation 节约能源 / conservation efforts 保护工作 / conserve v. 保护 9. emerge /iˈmɜːdʒ/ vi. 出现；浮现；显露；（从困境中）摆脱出来 【核心考点】 emerge是说明文与议论文的高频不及物动词。核心搭配emerge from（从…中出现/走出）、emerge as（作为…崭露头角）、It emerges that…（结果发现…，形式主语句型，高考经典）、a picture/pattern begins to emerge（一幅图景/一种规律开始显现）、emerge from the shadows（走出阴影）。形容词emerging adj.（新兴的；正在出现的）→ emerging markets/technologies（新兴市场/技术）；名词emergence n.（出现；兴起）；注意emergency n.（紧急情况）与之同根但含义不同。用法要点：emerge为不及物动词，绝不能用于被动语态，这是语法填空的常设陷阱。辨析：emerge（逐渐从隐蔽处显露出来，强调过程）vs appear（出现，最通用）vs occur（发生，指事件）vs arise（问题、情况产生）。考古发现"真相渐渐浮出水面"正是the truth began to emerge。 【词根联想】 e-（ex-的变体，向外，out）+ merge（拉丁语mergere"浸入，沉没，plunge"）→ 从水里浮出来→ 出现；浮现。联想：merg"沉；浸"→ merge（合并→融进去）、submerge（淹没→沉到下面）、immerse（使沉浸）、emerge（浮出→向外沉起来）、emergency（紧急情况→突然冒出的事）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：emerge vi. 摆脱（困境）；渡过难关。熟义"出现"之外，emerge可表示历经磨难后走出来，如The town emerged from the flood stronger than before.（这座小镇从洪水中走了出来，比从前更坚强。）此义在励志类记叙文与读后续写升华段中极为实用。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"As the survey went on, a surprising picture of the old tower slowly began to emerge."（随着勘察的推进，这座古塔一幅令人意外的图景慢慢浮现了出来。）（经典原句·emerge 出现；浮现） 【搭配词块】 emerge from 从…中出现 / emerge as 崭露头角为 / emerging adj. 新兴的 / emergence n. 出现 10. intense /ɪnˈtens/ adj. 强烈的；剧烈的；紧张的；热切的；认真的 【核心考点】 intense是描写情感与程度的高级形容词，写作中替换strong/great可提升表达。核心搭配intense heat/cold/pain（酷热/严寒/剧痛）、intense interest/pressure/competition（浓厚的兴趣/巨大的压力/激烈的竞争）、intense concentration（高度专注）。名词intensity n.（强度；烈度）；动词intensify v.（加强；加剧）；副词intensely adv.（强烈地）。高考经典辨析：intense（程度强烈的，多修饰感受、感情、程度，主观色彩浓）vs intensive（密集的；集约的，强调在短时间内投入大量精力，如an intensive course强化课程、intensive care重症监护、intensive farming集约农业）——这两个词的区分是词汇题与写作的高频失分点。另与extensive（广泛的；大量的）成对记忆：intensive往"深"处走，extensive往"广"处走。 【词根联想】 in-（向内）+ tens（拉丁语tendere"拉伸，stretch"的过去分词tensus）+ -e→ 被向内拉紧的→ 紧绷的→ 强烈的。联想：tend/tens"伸；拉"→ tend（趋向）、extend（延伸）、extensive（广泛的）、intense（强烈的）、intensive（密集的）、tension（紧张）、tent（帐篷→撑开的布）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：intense adj. （人）认真的；情感强烈的。熟义"剧烈的"之外，intense可形容人性格极为认真、感情丰沛，如He is a very intense young man.（他是个非常较真的年轻人。）此义在人物描写类阅读与续写中常见。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Public interest in the repair of the old pagoda was so intense that the office opened a website."（公众对这座古塔修缮工作的兴趣如此浓厚，以至于办公室专门开设了一个网站。）（经典原句·intense 强烈的） 【搭配词块】 intense interest 浓厚兴趣 / intense pressure 巨大压力 / intensity n. 强度 / intensive adj. 密集的（辨析） 11. pursue /pəˈsjuː/ vt. 追求；从事；继续进行；追赶；追捕 【核心考点】 pursue是议论文与人物类语篇的高分动词。核心搭配pursue a goal/dream/career（追求目标/梦想/事业）、pursue one's studies（继续学业）、pursue a policy（推行某项政策）、pursue the matter further（继续追究此事）、be pursued by（被…追赶）。名词pursuit n.（追求；消遣活动）→ in pursuit of（追求，写作高级短语，如in pursuit of excellence追求卓越）、leisure pursuits（休闲活动）；pursuer n.（追赶者）。用法要点：pursue为及物动词，直接跟宾语，不加介词after（区别于run after）。辨析：pursue（持续不懈地追求抽象目标或从事某事业，语体正式）vs chase（追赶具体的人或物，动作性强）vs seek（寻求，语气较弱）vs follow（跟随；遵循）。"追求一个朴素的目标"正是pursue a simple aim。 【词根联想】 pur-（pro-的变体，向前，forth）+ sue（拉丁语sequi"跟随，follow"）→ 一路向前跟着→ 追赶→ 引申为追求。联想：sequ/sue/secut"跟随"→ sequence（顺序）、consequence（后果→跟着来的）、subsequent（随后的）、consecutive（连续的）、pursue（追求）、sue（起诉→跟着告）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：pursue vt. 继续进行；追究。熟义"追求"之外，pursue可表示对某事继续深究下去，如I don't want to pursue this argument any further.（我不想再把这场争论继续下去了。）此义在观点类阅读与对话中常见。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The club members now pursue a wider goal of recording every old well in the county."（如今俱乐部成员在追求一个更大的目标：记录下全县的每一口古井。）（经典原句·pursue 追求；从事） 【搭配词块】 pursue a goal 追求目标 / pursue a career 从事事业 / in pursuit of 追求 / pursuit n. 追求 12. outcome /ˈaʊtkʌm/ n. 结果；结局；成果；后果 【核心考点】 outcome是议论文与研究类语篇的高频名词，2024年高考全国甲卷阅读D篇曾直接出现。核心搭配the outcome of（…的结果）、a positive/negative outcome（积极/消极的结果）、a successful outcome（圆满的结果）、await the outcome（等待结果）、affect/determine the outcome（影响/决定结果）、learning outcomes（学习成果，教育类语篇高频）。用法要点：outcome为可数名词，常与of连用；不与介词for搭配。高考核心辨析：outcome（经过一系列过程或较量后产生的最终结局，中性偏正式）vs result（最直接的结果，最通用，可用于数学、比赛、实验）vs consequence（后果，多指不好的、需要承担的结果）vs effect（影响；效果，强调对他物的作用）vs conclusion（结论，思考推理得出）。写作句式：The best outcome is not… but…（最好的结果不是…而是…）非常适合结尾升华。 【词根联想】 out（向外）+ come（来）→ 从整个过程中走出来的东西→ 结果；结局。联想：out-复合名词群→ outcome（结果）、output（产出）、outbreak（爆发）、outlook（前景；观点）、outline（提纲）、outset（开端），此类词均为"out+ 常见动词"直接构成，理解构词即可秒记。 【真题原句】 （2024·全国甲卷·阅读D·positive outcome名词搭配）"He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn't have a traditionally positive outcome."（他建议我去思考：我希望人物拥有的结局与真正适合人物的结局之间有何不同——那些即便没有传统意义上圆满结果、却能让故事本身圆满的结局。）（真题原句·outcome 结果；结局） 【搭配词块】 the outcome of 的结果 / a positive outcome 积极结果 / learning outcomes 学习成果 / determine the outcome 决定结果 Part 4 词性变化总表 原词 派生词1 派生词2 派生词3 核心搭配 heritage inherit (v.) inheritance (n.) hereditary (adj.) cultural heritage / a rich heritage status state (n./v.) statue (n.) stable (adj.) social status / the status of urgent urgency (n.) urgently (adv.) urge (v.) in urgent need of / a sense of urgency conflict conflicting (adj.) conflicted (v.) conflicts (n.pl.) be in conflict with / a conflict of interest collapse collapsed (v.) collapsing (v.) collapsible (adj.) be close to collapse / collapse under assess assessment (n.) assessor (n.) assessed (v.) assess the damage / make an assessment of preserve preservation (n.) preserved (adj.) preservative (n.) be well preserved / preserve sth. from conservation conserve (v.) conservationist (n.) conservative (adj.) wildlife conservation / energy conservation emerge emergence (n.) emerging (adj.) emergent (adj.) emerge from / emerge as intense intensity (n.) intensify (v.) intensely (adv.) intense interest / intense pressure pursue pursuit (n.) pursuer (n.) pursuing (v.) pursue a goal / in pursuit of outcome outcomes (n.pl.) output (n.) outlook (n.) the outcome of / a positive outcome Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 【练习题】 1.（2022新高考Ⅰ卷·语法填空·改编）The GPNP reflects the principle of protecting natural ecosystems and __________ (preservation) biological diversity. 2.（2023全国乙卷·语法填空·改编）I was amazed by how the city was able to keep such a rich __________ (heritages) while constantly growing. 3.（2023新课标Ⅰ卷·完形填空·改编）Once there, Lenoue was __________ (assessment) and later taken to a hospital by the doctors. 4.（2024全国甲卷·阅读D·改编）He praised endings that satisfied the story even if they didn't have a traditionally positive __________ (outcomes). 5.（2023全国乙卷·阅读D·改编）The first __________ (conflicting) at Botany Bay was between Captain Cook's voyage and the Australian Aboriginals. 6.（2026山东济南·模拟）After the summer storms, the ancient temple was in __________ (urgency) need of careful repair. 7.（2026广东广州·模拟）The old stone bridge was given the __________ (statuses) of a protected cultural site last year. 8.（2026浙江杭州·模拟）Part of the north wall __________ (collapsing) quietly during the heavy rain last August. 9.（2026江苏南京·模拟）The __________ (conserve) of ancient wooden buildings requires both money and endless patience. 10.（2026四川成都·模拟）A clearer picture of the tower's real problem slowly __________ (emerging) from the survey. 11.（2026湖南长沙·模拟）Public interest in the repair work was so __________ (intensity) that a website had to be opened. 12.（2026河北石家庄·模拟）The club members are __________ (pursuit) a wider goal of recording every old well in the county. 13.（2026福建厦门·模拟）The careful __________ (assess) of the damage took the university team eleven whole months. 14.（2026安徽合肥·模拟）Every effort has been made to __________ (preservation) the original wooden structure of the hall. 15.（2026江西南昌·模拟）The __________ (emerge) of a new drainage plan surprised everyone in the cultural office. Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 【练习题】 我们学校后面有一座古老的石桥。它是这座小镇__________（遗产）的一部分，去年它被授予了受保护遗址的__________（地位）。这个消息来得正是__________（紧迫的）时候。 多年来，暴雨与随意的施工一直与这些老石头处于__________（冲突）之中，其中一个小拱券已经濒临__________（坍塌）。一支专家团队前来__________（评估）损毁情况。 他们想__________（保护）住每一块原有的石料，因此他们的__________（保护）方案缓慢而细致。在施工过程中，建桥人的名字开始从一本旧账册里__________（浮现）出来。 全镇人为这个消息感到__________（强烈的）喜悦。如今我们__________（追求）一个朴素的目标：把这座桥传下去。最好的__________（结果）不是一座新桥，而是一座依然屹立的老桥。 Part 7 关联阅读 The Lingyun Pagoda has stood at the edge of our county town for more than six hundred years. To most people it is simply part of the skyline, but to the county cultural office it is a piece of national heritage with a legal status that few local buildings enjoy. Three winters ago that status suddenly mattered a great deal. After a week of freezing rain, a long crack opened along the north wall, and an urgent report was sent up to the provincial authorities the same evening. The first engineers to arrive did not agree with one another at all. Their conflict was not about money but about method. One group argued that the tower was close to collapse and that steel supports should be fixed inside it at once. Another group insisted that steel would destroy the very thing it was meant to save. In the end the office asked a university team to assess the whole building from top to bottom before anything at all was touched. The survey took eleven months. The team measured every beam and tested every layer of brick, and slowly a surprising picture began to emerge. The pagoda was not failing because of its age; it was failing because a drainage ditch built in the 1970s had been pushing rainwater against its base for fifty years. Once that was understood, the plan changed completely. Instead of steel, the workers moved the ditch, replaced the broken clay tiles and mixed the same kind of lime mortar that Ming builders had used. The aim was to preserve the original structure rather than to rebuild it. Public interest in the work was intense. Local schools sent classes to watch from the safety fence, and a small conservation club grew out of those visits. Its members now pursue a much wider goal: to photograph and record every old well, gate and bridge in the county before it quietly disappears. Their teacher likes to say that the real outcome of the pagoda project was never the pagoda itself. It was the two hundred students who learned that the past does not look after itself. 1. What made the crack in the north wall so serious a matter? A. The pagoda had already been closed to all visitors. B. The county town had very few tall buildings left. C. The pagoda was protected as a piece of national heritage. D. The provincial authorities owned the ancient building. 2. What did the two groups of engineers disagree about? A. How the ancient tower should be repaired. B. Who should pay for the repair work. C. When the survey should be carried out. D. Whether the tower was worth saving at all. 3. What did the university team's survey finally find out? A. The pagoda's wooden beams were far older than expected . B. The Ming builders had used the wrong kind of mortar. C. The north wall had been completely rebuilt in the 1970s. D. A modern ditch had been driving water against the base. 4. What does the teacher think the project achieved most? A. It saved a famous building from falling down. B. It taught young people to care for the past. C. It brought many new visitors to the county town. D. It proved traditional materials work better than steel. 📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇：heritage, status, urgent, conflict, collapse, assess, preserve, conservation, emerge, intense, pursue, outcome Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 请根据英文写出对应汉语释义： 乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. heritage — __________ 2. status — __________ 3. urgent — __________ 4. conflict — __________ 5. collapse — __________ 6. assess — __________ 7. preserve — __________ 8. conservation — __________ 9. emerge — __________ 10. intense — __________ 11. pursue — __________ 12. outcome — __________ 13. inherit — __________ 14. urgency — __________ 15. assessment — __________ 16. preservation — __________ 17. emergence — __________ 18. pursuit — __________ 19. in urgent need of — __________ 20. be in conflict with — __________ Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 同义转换：用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词，提升写作表达： 1. The old town wall is an important part of our national cultural treasure. → The old town wall is an important part of our national __________. 2. Last year the quiet river village was given the position of a protected site. → Last year the quiet river village was given the __________ of a protected site. 3. After the heavy summer rain, the wooden hall was in very great need of repair. → After the heavy summer rain, the wooden hall was in __________ need of repair. 4. New building plans are often in disagreement with the protection of old streets. → New building plans are often in __________ with the protection of old streets. 5. Two of the old stone arches were very close to falling down last winter. → Two of the old stone arches were very close to __________ last winter. 6. A team of experts came to the village to judge the damage to the temple. → A team of experts came to the village to __________ the damage to the temple. 7. The workers tried hard to keep every original stone of the ancient bridge. → The workers tried hard to __________ every original stone of the ancient bridge. 8. The protection of old wooden buildings needs both money and great patience. → The __________ of old wooden buildings needs both money and great patience. 9. The name of the builder slowly appeared from an old account book in the library. → The name of the builder slowly __________ from an old account book in the library. 10. Public interest in the repair of the ancient tower was very strong that year. → Public interest in the repair of the ancient tower was __________ that year. 11. The young volunteers are trying to reach a wider goal in their county this year. → The young volunteers are __________ a wider goal in their county this year. 12. The best result of the whole project was not a new hall but a saved old one. → The best __________ of the whole project was not a new hall but a saved old one. Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 遮挡提示，尝试用12个目标词复述下面这条记忆链： 记忆链：heritage → status → urgent → conflict → collapse → assess → preserve → conservation → emerge → intense → pursue → outcome 复述模板（填空）： 学校后面那座石桥是小镇__________（遗产）的一部分，去年它被授予了受保护遗址的__________（地位）。 消息来得正是__________（紧迫的）时候：暴雨与随意施工多年来与老石头处于__________（冲突）之中，一个小拱券已濒临__________（坍塌）。 专家团队前来__________（评估）损毁，他们想__________（保护）住每一块原石，__________（保护）方案因此缓慢而细致。 施工中建桥人的名字从旧账册里__________（浮现），全镇感到__________（强烈的）喜悦；如今我们__________（追求）一个朴素目标，最好的__________（结果）是老桥依然屹立。 你的复述： ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ $专题04【语境串考点】第四单元备考学案（译林版2019） 高考高频知识点：heritage / status / urgent / conflict / collapse / assess / preserve / conservation / emerge / intense / pursue / outcome （知识点来源：选择性必修三 Unit 4 · Protecting our heritage sites + 高考高频知识点） 学校:____________________ 姓名：____________________ 班级：__________ 座号：__________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记语篇 1 【英文语篇】 1 【中文译文】 1 Part 2 知识点列表 2 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 2 Part 4 词性变化总表 9 Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 9 【练习题】 9 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 11 【练习题】 11 Part 7 关联阅读 11 Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 13 Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 13 Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 14 Part 1 语境串记语篇 【英文语篇】 Behind my school there is an old stone bridge. It is part of the town's heritage, and last year it was given the status of a protected site. The news came at an urgent moment. Heavy rain and careless building work had been in conflict with the old stones for years, and one small arch was close to collapse. A team of specialists came to assess the damage. They wanted to preserve every original stone, so their conservation plan was slow and careful. As they worked, the name of the builder began to emerge from an old record book. The whole town felt an intense joy at the news. We now pursue a simple aim: to hand the bridge on to our children. The best outcome is not a new bridge, but an old one that still stands. 【中文译文】 我们学校后面有一座古老的石桥。它是这座小镇（heritage）遗产的一部分，去年它被授予了受保护遗址的（status）地位。这个消息来得正是（urgent）紧迫的时候。多年来，暴雨与随意的施工一直与这些老石头处于（conflict）冲突之中，其中一个小拱券已经濒临（collapse）坍塌。 一支专家团队前来（assess）评估损毁情况。他们想（preserve）保护住每一块原有的石料，因此他们的（conservation）保护方案缓慢而细致。在施工过程中，建桥人的名字开始从一本旧账册里（emerge）浮现出来。全镇人为这个消息感到（intense）强烈的喜悦。如今我们（pursue）追求一个朴素的目标：把这座桥传下去。最好的（outcome）结果不是一座新桥，而是一座依然屹立的老桥。 💡 语境串联记忆线索：小镇遗产→受保护地位→形势紧迫→与开发冲突→濒临坍塌→专家评估→保护原石→保护方案→史料浮现→喜悦强烈→追求目标→最好结果 记忆链：heritage → status → urgent → conflict → collapse → assess → preserve → conservation → emerge → intense → pursue → outcome Part 2 知识点列表 序号 知识点 音标 词性 + 释义 + 高考考点 1 heritage /ˈherɪtɪdʒ/ n. 遗产；传统；遗留物 ⚡考点：cultural/natural heritage 文化/自然遗产；a rich heritage 丰厚的遗产；World Heritage Site 世界遗产地；辨析heritage/inheritance 2 status /ˈsteɪtəs/ n. 地位；身份；状态；重要身份 ⚡考点：social status 社会地位；the status of 的地位；status quo 现状；单复数同形；辨析status/state 3 urgent /ˈɜːdʒənt/ adj. 紧急的；急迫的；催促的 ⚡考点：in urgent need of 急需；an urgent matter 急事；urgency n. 紧迫；urgently adv. 紧急地；urge v. 敦促 4 conflict /ˈkɒnflɪkt/ /kənˈflɪkt/ n. 冲突；矛盾 v. 冲突；抵触 ⚡考点：in conflict with 与…冲突；come into conflict 发生冲突；conflicting adj. 相互矛盾的；名动重音不同 5 collapse /kəˈlæps/ v./n. 倒塌；崩溃；晕倒；暴跌 ⚡考点：be close to collapse 濒临倒塌；collapse under 因…而垮掉；the collapse of 的崩溃；辨析collapse/fall down 6 assess /əˈses/ vt. 评估；评定；估价 ⚡考点：assess the damage/risk 评估损失/风险；assess sth. as 把…评定为；assessment n. 评估；assessor n. 评估员 7 preserve /prɪˈzɜːv/ vt. 保护；保存；保留 n. 保护区 ⚡考点：preserve sth. from 保护…免受；well preserved 保存完好；preservation n. 保存；辨析preserve/reserve 8 conservation /ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn/ n. 保护；保存；节约（能源） ⚡考点：wildlife/energy conservation 野生动物/能源保护；conserve v. 保护；conservationist n. 环保人士 9 emerge /iˈmɜːdʒ/ vi. 出现；浮现；显露；摆脱（困境） ⚡考点：emerge from 从…出现；it emerges that 结果表明；emerging adj. 新兴的；emergence n. 出现 10 intense /ɪnˈtens/ adj. 强烈的；剧烈的；热切的 ⚡考点：intense heat/interest 酷热/浓厚兴趣；intensity n. 强度；intensify v. 加强；辨析intense/intensive 11 pursue /pəˈsjuː/ vt. 追求；从事；追赶；继续进行 ⚡考点：pursue a goal/career/dream 追求目标/事业/梦想；pursuit n. 追求；in pursuit of 追求 12 outcome /ˈaʊtkʌm/ n. 结果；结局；成果 ⚡考点：the outcome of 的结果；a positive outcome 积极结果；辨析outcome/result/consequence/effect Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 1. heritage /ˈherɪtɪdʒ/ n. 遗产；传统；遗留物 【核心考点】 heritage是文化遗产单元的核心名词，也是近年高考语法填空与阅读的高频词。常用搭配cultural heritage（文化遗产）、natural heritage（自然遗产）、intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产）、a rich heritage（丰厚的遗产）、the World Heritage List（世界遗产名录）、a World Heritage Site（世界遗产地）、protect/preserve our heritage（保护我们的遗产）。用法要点：heritage多作不可数名词，前面常加rich、cultural、national等定语；表"某国的遗产"用of或形容词性物主代词。辨析：heritage（一个民族或国家世代相传的文化、传统与古迹，抽象且集体）vs inheritance（个人从长辈处继承的财产或遗传特征，具体且私人）vs legacy（前人留下的影响或遗留问题，可褒可贬）vs tradition（习俗传统，强调行为方式）。 【词根联想】 源自古法语heritage"继承之物"，出自拉丁语hereditare"继承"（heres"继承人"）+ 名词后缀-age"总称"→ 世代继承下来的东西→ 遗产。联想：her/herit"继承"→ heir（继承人）、inherit（继承）、inheritance（继承物）、heritage（遗产）、hereditary（世袭的；遗传的）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：heritage n. 传统；由来已久的特质。熟义"文化遗产"之外，heritage可指一个群体世代相传的精神传统或身份特质，如a heritage of hard work（勤劳的传统）、people of mixed heritage（多元血统背景的人）。此义在人物介绍与文化对比类阅读中常见。 【真题原句】 （2023·全国乙卷·语法填空·rich heritage名词搭配）"Visiting several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage while constantly growing."（在过去十年间多次到访，令我惊叹的是新旧共存的景象，以及一座城市如何能在不断发展的同时守住如此丰厚的遗产。）（真题原句·heritage 遗产） 【搭配词块】 cultural heritage 文化遗产 / a rich heritage 丰厚的遗产 / World Heritage Site 世界遗产地 / inherit v. 继承 2. status /ˈsteɪtəs/ n. 地位；身份；状态；（法律）资格 【核心考点】 status是社会文化类语篇的高频名词。常用搭配social status（社会地位）、the status of（…的地位/身份）、be given the status of（被授予…的资格）、raise/improve one's status（提高地位）、status symbol（身份的象征）、the status quo（现状，拉丁语借词，写作高级表达）、marital status（婚姻状况）。用法要点：status为不可数名词，单复数同形，不能说statuses表"地位"（表"状态记录"时才有复数）。辨析：status（社会或法律所承认的地位与身份，含"被认可"的意味）vs position（职位；位置，较具体）vs state（状态，指事物所处的情形）vs rank（等级，强调序列高低）。文化遗产语篇中"被列入世界遗产名录"常写作be given World Heritage status。 【词根联想】 直接借自拉丁语status"站立的姿势；状况"，来自stare"站立，stand"→ 一个人站在社会中的位置→ 地位；身份。联想：sta/stat"站"→ stand（站）、station（车站）、statue（雕像）、stable（稳定的）、state（状态）、status（地位）、statistics（统计）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：status n. （事情的）状态；进展情况。熟义"社会地位"之外，status常指某项事务当前的进展状态，如check the status of your order（查询订单状态）、the current status of the project（项目当前进展）。此义在应用文与网页类阅读中高频出现。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The old stone bridge was given the status of a protected cultural site last year."（这座古老的石桥去年被授予了受保护文化遗址的地位。）（经典原句·status 地位；身份） 【搭配词块】 social status 社会地位 / the status of 的地位 / status quo 现状 / status symbol 身份象征 3. urgent /ˈɜːdʒənt/ adj. 紧急的；急迫的；催促的；坚持的 【核心考点】 urgent是议论文与说明文的高频形容词，也是写作提分词。核心搭配in urgent need of sth.（急需某物，写作黄金句式）、an urgent matter/problem/task（紧急事务/问题/任务）、an urgent appeal/call for（对…的紧急呼吁）、It is urgent that sb. (should) do sth.（某人必须马上做…，从句用虚拟语气，should可省，高考经典考点）。名词urgency n.（紧迫；急事）→ a sense of urgency（紧迫感）、a matter of great urgency（十万火急的事）；副词urgently adv.（紧急地）；动词urge v.（敦促；力劝）→ urge sb. to do sth.。辨析：urgent（时间上刻不容缓，必须立刻处理）vs important（重要的，不一定紧急）vs pressing（迫切的，与urgent近义）vs critical（危急的，形势严峻）。呼吁保护遗产的主旨句常用be in urgent need of protection。 【词根联想】 拉丁语urgere"推挤；催逼"（→ 英语urge敦促）+ 现在分词形容词后缀-ent→ 正在催逼你的→ 紧急的。联想：urg"催；推"→ urge（敦促；冲动）、urgent（紧急的）、urgency（紧迫）、urgently（紧急地），记忆图像"被人从背后一直推着走"，正是"事情紧急"。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：urgent adj. （语气）坚持的；急切的。熟义"紧急的"之外，urgent可形容说话的口吻急切而坚持，如an urgent whisper（急切的低语）、in an urgent voice（用急切的语气）。此义在读后续写的语言描写中很实用。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"After the summer storms, the ancient temple was in urgent need of careful repair."（在夏季的暴风雨之后，这座古庙急需一次细致的修缮。）（经典原句·urgent 紧急的；急迫的） 【搭配词块】 in urgent need of 急需 / an urgent matter 急事 / a sense of urgency 紧迫感 / urge v. 敦促 4. conflict /ˈkɒnflɪkt/（n.） /kənˈflɪkt/（v.） n. 冲突；矛盾；争执；战斗 vi. 冲突；抵触 【核心考点】 conflict是高考经典的"名动同形、重音不同"词：作名词重音在前/ˈkɒnflɪkt/，作动词重音在后/kənˈflɪkt/，这是听力与词汇题的常考点。核心搭配be in conflict with（与…相冲突）、come into conflict with（与…发生冲突）、a conflict of interest（利益冲突）、resolve/settle a conflict（化解冲突）、armed conflict（武装冲突）；作动词conflict with（与…相抵触）。形容词conflicting adj.（相互矛盾的）→ conflicting views/reports（相互矛盾的观点/报道）。辨析：conflict（因立场、利益或观念对立而产生的持久对抗）vs quarrel（口角争吵，多为个人之间）vs argument（争论，可以是理性的）vs dispute（争端，常涉及正式的分歧）。遗产保护语篇中"开发与保护的矛盾"常写作the conflict between development and protection。 【词根联想】 con-（共同，together）+ flict（拉丁语fligere"打击，strike"）→ 双方互相打击→ 冲突。联想：flict/flig"打击"→ conflict（冲突→互相打）、inflict（使遭受→向内打）、afflict（折磨→朝着打）、profligate（挥霍的），con-前缀另见connect、combine。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：conflict n. （时间安排上的）撞车；抵触。熟义"冲突"之外，conflict可指日程或安排上的相互冲突，如a scheduling conflict（日程冲突）、The two meetings conflict.（两个会议时间撞车了。）此义在应用文与对话类听力中高频出现。 【真题原句】 （2023·全国乙卷·阅读D·the first conflict名词用法）"The clearest example of this between literate and non-literate history is perhaps the first conflict, at Botany Bay, between Captain Cook's voyage and the Australian Aboriginals."（有文字历史与无文字历史之间最清晰的例证，或许就是植物学湾那场发生在库克船长航队与澳大利亚原住民之间的最初冲突。）（真题原句·conflict 冲突） 【搭配词块】 be in conflict with 与…冲突 / come into conflict 发生冲突 / a conflict of interest 利益冲突 / conflicting adj. 矛盾的 5. collapse /kəˈlæps/ vi. 倒塌；坍塌；崩溃；晕倒；暴跌 n. 倒塌；崩溃；病倒 【核心考点】 collapse是古建筑保护与经济类语篇的高频词，动词名词同形。作动词：The old wall collapsed in the storm.（老墙在暴风雨中坍塌）；collapse under the weight of（在…重压下垮塌）；He collapsed from exhaustion.（他因疲惫而昏倒）。作名词：be close to collapse（濒临倒塌/崩溃）、the collapse of the economy（经济崩溃）、suffer a nervous collapse（精神崩溃）。用法要点：collapse为不及物动词，不能说be collapsed；表"使倒塌"要用bring down或cause…to collapse。辨析：collapse（因结构失效而整体突然垮下，程度最重）vs fall down（普通用词，摔倒或倒下）vs break down（机器故障；情绪崩溃）vs crash（猛烈撞毁；系统崩溃）。文物险情报道中"濒临坍塌"固定说法即be close to collapse。 【词根联想】 col-（com-的变体，完全）+ lapse（拉丁语labi"滑倒，slip"）→ 完全滑落下去→ 坍塌；崩溃。联想：laps"滑"→ lapse（失误；流逝→滑过去）、elapse（时间消逝）、relapse（旧病复发→滑回去）、collapse（坍塌→整个滑下来）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：collapse vi. （因病或劳累）昏倒；病倒。熟义"倒塌"之外，collapse常指人突然倒下，如He collapsed on the track during the race.（他在比赛中倒在了跑道上。）此义在记叙文与读后续写的突发事件描写中极为常见。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"After a week of freezing rain, the north wall of the pagoda was close to collapse."（在一周的冻雨之后，这座塔的北墙已经濒临坍塌。）（经典原句·collapse 倒塌；坍塌） 【搭配词块】 be close to collapse 濒临倒塌 / collapse under 在…重压下垮掉 / the collapse of 的崩溃 / collapse from exhaustion 累倒 6. assess /əˈses/ vt. 评估；评定；估价；核定（税额） 【核心考点】 assess是科研、教育与工程类语篇的高频动词，2023年高考完形填空曾直接考查其"检查、评估"之义。核心搭配assess the damage/risk/situation（评估损失/风险/形势）、assess the value of（估算…的价值）、assess sb.'s performance（评定某人的表现）、assess sth. as（把…评定为）、be assessed on（依据…来评定）。名词assessment n.（评估；评定；看法）→ make an assessment of（对…作出评估）、a fair assessment（公允的评价）；assessor n.（评估员）。辨析：assess（依据标准系统地评定价值、程度或质量，最正式）vs evaluate（评价，侧重判断优劣）vs estimate（估计数量或大小，可能不精确）vs judge（判断，带主观色彩）。修缮古建筑前"先评估后动工"正是assess before repairing。 【词根联想】 as-（ad-的变体，朝向）+ sess（拉丁语sedere"坐，sit"）→ 法官助手坐在旁边核定税额→ 评定；评估。联想：sess/sed/sid"坐"→ session（会议→坐在一起）、assess（评估→坐在旁边核定）、preside（主持→坐在前面）、resident（居民→坐下来住）、sediment（沉淀物）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：assess vt. 检查（伤情、病情）。熟义"评估"之外，assess在医疗急救语境中指对伤者进行初步检查判断，如The injured runner was assessed at the aid station.（受伤的选手在救助站接受了检查。）2023年新课标Ⅰ卷完形填空正是考查此义。 【真题原句】 （2023·新课标Ⅰ卷·完形填空第49题·was assessed被动表"接受检查"）"Once there, Lenoue was assessed and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees."（到那儿之后，勒诺先接受了检查，随后被送往医院，在医院里她得知自己的一个膝盖伤得很重。）（真题原句·assess 评估；检查） 【搭配词块】 assess the damage 评估损失 / assess the risk 评估风险 / assessment n. 评估 / be assessed on 依据…评定 7. preserve /prɪˈzɜːv/ vt. 保护；保存；保留；腌制 n. 保护区；专门领域 【核心考点】 preserve是文化遗产与生态话题的核心动词，2022年新高考Ⅰ卷语法填空曾出现其动名词形式。核心搭配preserve cultural relics/biological diversity（保护文物/生物多样性）、preserve sth. from（保护…免受…）、be well preserved（保存完好，描写古迹的黄金表达）、preserve one's dignity（保持尊严）、preserve food（保存食物）。名词preservation n.（保护；保存）→ the preservation of ancient buildings；作名词时a nature preserve（自然保护区）。辨析：preserve（使原状不受损害地长期保存下来，强调"保持原貌"）vs protect（保护使免受伤害，最通用）vs conserve（节约使用有限资源；保护自然，强调"不浪费"）vs maintain（维持现状，含日常维护之义）vs reserve（预订；储备，与preserve拼写相近但含义不同，高考易混）。 【词根联想】 pre-（预先，before）+ serve（拉丁语servare"保持；守卫，keep"）→ 事先守护起来→ 保存；保护。联想：serv"守；保持"→ preserve（保存）、conserve（节约保护）、reserve（保留；预订）、observe（观察→守着看）、deserve（应得）、reservoir（水库）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：preserve n. 专门领域；禁脔。熟义"保护"之外，preserve作名词可指某类人独享的领域，如Science was once regarded as a male preserve.（科学曾被视为男性的专属领域。）此外preserves还可表示"果酱；蜜饯"，是生活类语篇的常见义项。 【真题原句】 （2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·语法填空·preserving并列动名词）"The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of 'protecting the authenticity and integrity of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets for future generations'."（大熊猫国家公园的设计旨在体现"保护自然生态系统的原真性和完整性、保存生物多样性、保护生态屏障区、为子孙后代留下珍贵自然资产"的指导原则。）（真题原句·preserve 保存；保护） 【搭配词块】 preserve cultural relics 保护文物 / be well preserved 保存完好 / preserve sth. from 保护…免受 / preservation n. 保存 8. conservation /ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn/ n. 保护；保存；（对自然资源的）保护；节约 【核心考点】 conservation是生态与遗产话题的高分名词，写作中替换protection可显著提升档次。核心搭配wildlife/nature conservation（野生动物/自然保护）、energy/water conservation（能源/水资源节约）、a conservation project/programme（保护项目）、conservation efforts（保护工作）、the conservation of cultural relics（文物保护）。同源词conserve v.（保护；节约；节省）→ conserve energy/water；conservationist n.（自然保护主义者）；conservative adj.（保守的）n.（保守派）——注意conservation（保护）与conservative（保守的）形近义异，是高考易混点。辨析：conservation（对自然资源或文化遗产的系统性保护与合理利用，正式且宏观）vs protection（保护，最通用）vs preservation（保存原貌，侧重不改变）vs maintenance（维护保养，侧重日常）。 【词根联想】 con-（共同，加强）+ serv（拉丁语servare"保持"）+ -ation（名词后缀）→ 一起把某物保持住→ 保护；节约。联想：serv"保持"词族→ conserve（节约保护）、conservation（保护）、conservative（保守的→想保持原样的）、preserve（保存）、reserve（储备），前缀con-另见connect、combine、collect。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The conservation of ancient wooden buildings requires both money and endless patience."（古代木构建筑的保护既需要资金，也需要无尽的耐心。）（经典原句·conservation 保护） 【搭配词块】 wildlife conservation 野生动物保护 / energy conservation 节约能源 / conservation efforts 保护工作 / conserve v. 保护 9. emerge /iˈmɜːdʒ/ vi. 出现；浮现；显露；（从困境中）摆脱出来 【核心考点】 emerge是说明文与议论文的高频不及物动词。核心搭配emerge from（从…中出现/走出）、emerge as（作为…崭露头角）、It emerges that…（结果发现…，形式主语句型，高考经典）、a picture/pattern begins to emerge（一幅图景/一种规律开始显现）、emerge from the shadows（走出阴影）。形容词emerging adj.（新兴的；正在出现的）→ emerging markets/technologies（新兴市场/技术）；名词emergence n.（出现；兴起）；注意emergency n.（紧急情况）与之同根但含义不同。用法要点：emerge为不及物动词，绝不能用于被动语态，这是语法填空的常设陷阱。辨析：emerge（逐渐从隐蔽处显露出来，强调过程）vs appear（出现，最通用）vs occur（发生，指事件）vs arise（问题、情况产生）。考古发现"真相渐渐浮出水面"正是the truth began to emerge。 【词根联想】 e-（ex-的变体，向外，out）+ merge（拉丁语mergere"浸入，沉没，plunge"）→ 从水里浮出来→ 出现；浮现。联想：merg"沉；浸"→ merge（合并→融进去）、submerge（淹没→沉到下面）、immerse（使沉浸）、emerge（浮出→向外沉起来）、emergency（紧急情况→突然冒出的事）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：emerge vi. 摆脱（困境）；渡过难关。熟义"出现"之外，emerge可表示历经磨难后走出来，如The town emerged from the flood stronger than before.（这座小镇从洪水中走了出来，比从前更坚强。）此义在励志类记叙文与读后续写升华段中极为实用。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"As the survey went on, a surprising picture of the old tower slowly began to emerge."（随着勘察的推进，这座古塔一幅令人意外的图景慢慢浮现了出来。）（经典原句·emerge 出现；浮现） 【搭配词块】 emerge from 从…中出现 / emerge as 崭露头角为 / emerging adj. 新兴的 / emergence n. 出现 10. intense /ɪnˈtens/ adj. 强烈的；剧烈的；紧张的；热切的；认真的 【核心考点】 intense是描写情感与程度的高级形容词，写作中替换strong/great可提升表达。核心搭配intense heat/cold/pain（酷热/严寒/剧痛）、intense interest/pressure/competition（浓厚的兴趣/巨大的压力/激烈的竞争）、intense concentration（高度专注）。名词intensity n.（强度；烈度）；动词intensify v.（加强；加剧）；副词intensely adv.（强烈地）。高考经典辨析：intense（程度强烈的，多修饰感受、感情、程度，主观色彩浓）vs intensive（密集的；集约的，强调在短时间内投入大量精力，如an intensive course强化课程、intensive care重症监护、intensive farming集约农业）——这两个词的区分是词汇题与写作的高频失分点。另与extensive（广泛的；大量的）成对记忆：intensive往"深"处走，extensive往"广"处走。 【词根联想】 in-（向内）+ tens（拉丁语tendere"拉伸，stretch"的过去分词tensus）+ -e→ 被向内拉紧的→ 紧绷的→ 强烈的。联想：tend/tens"伸；拉"→ tend（趋向）、extend（延伸）、extensive（广泛的）、intense（强烈的）、intensive（密集的）、tension（紧张）、tent（帐篷→撑开的布）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：intense adj. （人）认真的；情感强烈的。熟义"剧烈的"之外，intense可形容人性格极为认真、感情丰沛，如He is a very intense young man.（他是个非常较真的年轻人。）此义在人物描写类阅读与续写中常见。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Public interest in the repair of the old pagoda was so intense that the office opened a website."（公众对这座古塔修缮工作的兴趣如此浓厚，以至于办公室专门开设了一个网站。）（经典原句·intense 强烈的） 【搭配词块】 intense interest 浓厚兴趣 / intense pressure 巨大压力 / intensity n. 强度 / intensive adj. 密集的（辨析） 11. pursue /pəˈsjuː/ vt. 追求；从事；继续进行；追赶；追捕 【核心考点】 pursue是议论文与人物类语篇的高分动词。核心搭配pursue a goal/dream/career（追求目标/梦想/事业）、pursue one's studies（继续学业）、pursue a policy（推行某项政策）、pursue the matter further（继续追究此事）、be pursued by（被…追赶）。名词pursuit n.（追求；消遣活动）→ in pursuit of（追求，写作高级短语，如in pursuit of excellence追求卓越）、leisure pursuits（休闲活动）；pursuer n.（追赶者）。用法要点：pursue为及物动词，直接跟宾语，不加介词after（区别于run after）。辨析：pursue（持续不懈地追求抽象目标或从事某事业，语体正式）vs chase（追赶具体的人或物，动作性强）vs seek（寻求，语气较弱）vs follow（跟随；遵循）。"追求一个朴素的目标"正是pursue a simple aim。 【词根联想】 pur-（pro-的变体，向前，forth）+ sue（拉丁语sequi"跟随，follow"）→ 一路向前跟着→ 追赶→ 引申为追求。联想：sequ/sue/secut"跟随"→ sequence（顺序）、consequence（后果→跟着来的）、subsequent（随后的）、consecutive（连续的）、pursue（追求）、sue（起诉→跟着告）。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：pursue vt. 继续进行；追究。熟义"追求"之外，pursue可表示对某事继续深究下去，如I don't want to pursue this argument any further.（我不想再把这场争论继续下去了。）此义在观点类阅读与对话中常见。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The club members now pursue a wider goal of recording every old well in the county."（如今俱乐部成员在追求一个更大的目标：记录下全县的每一口古井。）（经典原句·pursue 追求；从事） 【搭配词块】 pursue a goal 追求目标 / pursue a career 从事事业 / in pursuit of 追求 / pursuit n. 追求 12. outcome /ˈaʊtkʌm/ n. 结果；结局；成果；后果 【核心考点】 outcome是议论文与研究类语篇的高频名词，2024年高考全国甲卷阅读D篇曾直接出现。核心搭配the outcome of（…的结果）、a positive/negative outcome（积极/消极的结果）、a successful outcome（圆满的结果）、await the outcome（等待结果）、affect/determine the outcome（影响/决定结果）、learning outcomes（学习成果，教育类语篇高频）。用法要点：outcome为可数名词，常与of连用；不与介词for搭配。高考核心辨析：outcome（经过一系列过程或较量后产生的最终结局，中性偏正式）vs result（最直接的结果，最通用，可用于数学、比赛、实验）vs consequence（后果，多指不好的、需要承担的结果）vs effect（影响；效果，强调对他物的作用）vs conclusion（结论，思考推理得出）。写作句式：The best outcome is not… but…（最好的结果不是…而是…）非常适合结尾升华。 【词根联想】 out（向外）+ come（来）→ 从整个过程中走出来的东西→ 结果；结局。联想：out-复合名词群→ outcome（结果）、output（产出）、outbreak（爆发）、outlook（前景；观点）、outline（提纲）、outset（开端），此类词均为"out+ 常见动词"直接构成，理解构词即可秒记。 【真题原句】 （2024·全国甲卷·阅读D·positive outcome名词搭配）"He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn't have a traditionally positive outcome."（他建议我去思考：我希望人物拥有的结局与真正适合人物的结局之间有何不同——那些即便没有传统意义上圆满结果、却能让故事本身圆满的结局。）（真题原句·outcome 结果；结局） 【搭配词块】 the outcome of 的结果 / a positive outcome 积极结果 / learning outcomes 学习成果 / determine the outcome 决定结果 Part 4 词性变化总表 原词 派生词1 派生词2 派生词3 核心搭配 heritage inherit (v.) inheritance (n.) hereditary (adj.) cultural heritage / a rich heritage status state (n./v.) statue (n.) stable (adj.) social status / the status of urgent urgency (n.) urgently (adv.) urge (v.) in urgent need of / a sense of urgency conflict conflicting (adj.) conflicted (v.) conflicts (n.pl.) be in conflict with / a conflict of interest collapse collapsed (v.) collapsing (v.) collapsible (adj.) be close to collapse / collapse under assess assessment (n.) assessor (n.) assessed (v.) assess the damage / make an assessment of preserve preservation (n.) preserved (adj.) preservative (n.) be well preserved / preserve sth. from conservation conserve (v.) conservationist (n.) conservative (adj.) wildlife conservation / energy conservation emerge emergence (n.) emerging (adj.) emergent (adj.) emerge from / emerge as intense intensity (n.) intensify (v.) intensely (adv.) intense interest / intense pressure pursue pursuit (n.) pursuer (n.) pursuing (v.) pursue a goal / in pursuit of outcome outcomes (n.pl.) output (n.) outlook (n.) the outcome of / a positive outcome Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 【练习题】 1.（2022新高考Ⅰ卷·语法填空·改编）The GPNP reflects the principle of protecting natural ecosystems and __________ (preservation) biological diversity. 2.（2023全国乙卷·语法填空·改编）I was amazed by how the city was able to keep such a rich __________ (heritages) while constantly growing. 3.（2023新课标Ⅰ卷·完形填空·改编）Once there, Lenoue was __________ (assessment) and later taken to a hospital by the doctors. 4.（2024全国甲卷·阅读D·改编）He praised endings that satisfied the story even if they didn't have a traditionally positive __________ (outcomes). 5.（2023全国乙卷·阅读D·改编）The first __________ (conflicting) at Botany Bay was between Captain Cook's voyage and the Australian Aboriginals. 6.（2026山东济南·模拟）After the summer storms, the ancient temple was in __________ (urgency) need of careful repair. 7.（2026广东广州·模拟）The old stone bridge was given the __________ (statuses) of a protected cultural site last year. 8.（2026浙江杭州·模拟）Part of the north wall __________ (collapsing) quietly during the heavy rain last August. 9.（2026江苏南京·模拟）The __________ (conserve) of ancient wooden buildings requires both money and endless patience. 10.（2026四川成都·模拟）A clearer picture of the tower's real problem slowly __________ (emerging) from the survey. 11.（2026湖南长沙·模拟）Public interest in the repair work was so __________ (intensity) that a website had to be opened. 12.（2026河北石家庄·模拟）The club members are __________ (pursuit) a wider goal of recording every old well in the county. 13.（2026福建厦门·模拟）The careful __________ (assess) of the damage took the university team eleven whole months. 14.（2026安徽合肥·模拟）Every effort has been made to __________ (preservation) the original wooden structure of the hall. 15.（2026江西南昌·模拟）The __________ (emerge) of a new drainage plan surprised everyone in the cultural office. 【答案】 1. preserving 2. heritage 3. assessed 4. outcome 5. conflict 6. urgent 7. status 8. collapsed 9. conservation 10. emerged 11. intense 12. pursuing 13. assessment 14. preserve 15. emergence 【逐题解析】 1. preserving — 提示词preservation（名词）需转动名词，与protecting并列作of的宾语。 2. heritage — 提示词heritages（复数）需转单数，heritage表"遗产"时为不可数名词。 3. assessed — 提示词assessment（名词）需转过去分词，was assessed构成被动语态。 4. outcome — 提示词outcomes（复数）需转单数，前有不定冠词a与形容词positive修饰。 5. conflict — 提示词conflicting（形容词）需转名词，序数词the first后接可数名词单数。 6. urgent — 提示词urgency（名词）需转形容词，in urgent need of 意为"急需"。 7. status — 提示词statuses需转原形，the status of 表"…的地位"，此处不可数。 8. collapsed — 提示词collapsing需转过去式，由时间状语last August确定一般过去时。 9. conservation — 提示词conserve（动词）需转名词作主语，其后谓语requires用单数。 10. emerged — 提示词emerging需转过去式，emerge为不及物动词，不能用被动语态。 11. intense — 提示词intensity（名词）需转形容词，so...that句型中so后接形容词。 12. pursuing — 提示词pursuit（名词）需转现在分词，are pursuing构成现在进行时。 13. assessment — 提示词assess（动词）需转名词作主语，由形容词careful修饰。 14. preserve — 提示词preservation（名词）需转动词原形，不定式to后接动词原形。 15. emergence — 提示词emerge（动词）需转名词作主语，其后谓语surprised为过去式。 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 【练习题】 我们学校后面有一座古老的石桥。它是这座小镇__________（遗产）的一部分，去年它被授予了受保护遗址的__________（地位）。这个消息来得正是__________（紧迫的）时候。 多年来，暴雨与随意的施工一直与这些老石头处于__________（冲突）之中，其中一个小拱券已经濒临__________（坍塌）。一支专家团队前来__________（评估）损毁情况。 他们想__________（保护）住每一块原有的石料，因此他们的__________（保护）方案缓慢而细致。在施工过程中，建桥人的名字开始从一本旧账册里__________（浮现）出来。 全镇人为这个消息感到__________（强烈的）喜悦。如今我们__________（追求）一个朴素的目标：把这座桥传下去。最好的__________（结果）不是一座新桥，而是一座依然屹立的老桥。 【答案】 heritage; status; urgent; conflict; collapse; assess; preserve; conservation; emerge; intense; pursue; outcome Part 7 关联阅读 The Lingyun Pagoda has stood at the edge of our county town for more than six hundred years. To most people it is simply part of the skyline, but to the county cultural office it is a piece of national heritage with a legal status that few local buildings enjoy. Three winters ago that status suddenly mattered a great deal. After a week of freezing rain, a long crack opened along the north wall, and an urgent report was sent up to the provincial authorities the same evening. The first engineers to arrive did not agree with one another at all. Their conflict was not about money but about method. One group argued that the tower was close to collapse and that steel supports should be fixed inside it at once. Another group insisted that steel would destroy the very thing it was meant to save. In the end the office asked a university team to assess the whole building from top to bottom before anything at all was touched. The survey took eleven months. The team measured every beam and tested every layer of brick, and slowly a surprising picture began to emerge. The pagoda was not failing because of its age; it was failing because a drainage ditch built in the 1970s had been pushing rainwater against its base for fifty years. Once that was understood, the plan changed completely. Instead of steel, the workers moved the ditch, replaced the broken clay tiles and mixed the same kind of lime mortar that Ming builders had used. The aim was to preserve the original structure rather than to rebuild it. Public interest in the work was intense. Local schools sent classes to watch from the safety fence, and a small conservation club grew out of those visits. Its members now pursue a much wider goal: to photograph and record every old well, gate and bridge in the county before it quietly disappears. Their teacher likes to say that the real outcome of the pagoda project was never the pagoda itself. It was the two hundred students who learned that the past does not look after itself. 1. What made the crack in the north wall so serious a matter? A. The pagoda had already been closed to all visitors. B. The county town had very few tall buildings left. C. The pagoda was protected as a piece of national heritage. D. The provincial authorities owned the ancient building. 2. What did the two groups of engineers disagree about? A. How the ancient tower should be repaired. B. Who should pay for the repair work. C. When the survey should be carried out. D. Whether the tower was worth saving at all. 3. What did the university team's survey finally find out? A. The pagoda's wooden beams were far older than expected . B. The Ming builders had used the wrong kind of mortar. C. The north wall had been completely rebuilt in the 1970s. D. A modern ditch had been driving water against the base. 4. What does the teacher think the project achieved most? A. It saved a famous building from falling down. B. It taught young people to care for the past. C. It brought many new visitors to the county town. D. It proved traditional materials work better than steel. 【参考答案与高考标准解析】 答案：1.C 2.A 3.D 4.B 第1题（细节理解题·高考核心）：首段是解题区间，作者明确指出这座塔对县文化办而言是a piece of national heritage with a legal status that few local buildings enjoy，正因为它拥有这种少有的法定遗产身份，三年前北墙的裂缝才会立刻变得事关重大，并当晚上报省级主管部门，故选C。A项"已对游客关闭"文中从未提及；B项"县城没有几座高楼"曲解了skyline一词；D项"省里拥有这座建筑"属无中生有，文中只说报告上报省里。 第2题（细节理解题·高考高频）：第二段用conflict一词点明分歧性质——Their conflict was not about money but about method，随后具体展开：一派主张立即在塔内加装钢支撑，另一派坚持钢材会毁掉它本要拯救的东西，可见争论焦点是"这座古塔该如何修"，故选A。B项"谁出钱"被原文not about money直接否定；C项勘察时间并非争论点；D项两派都认可古塔值得保护，只是方法不同。 第3题（细节理解题·高考核心）：第三段是答案所在，勘察历时十一个月后a surprising picture began to emerge，结论是古塔并非因年代久远而受损，而是because a drainage ditch built in the 1970s had been pushing rainwater against its base for fifty years，即一条现代排水沟五十年来把雨水一直逼向塔基，故选D。A项木梁年代文中未作比较；B项明代工匠用错灰浆恰与原文相反；C项1970年代修建的是排水沟而非北墙。 第4题（推理判断题·高考压轴）：末段以intense、conservation、pursue、outcome四个目标词收束，老师的原话是the real outcome of the pagoda project was never the pagoda itself. It was the two hundred students who learned that the past does not look after itself，可见他认为项目最大的成果是让年轻一代懂得主动守护过去，故选B。A项虽是事实但并非老师强调的重点；C项吸引游客文中未提；D项传统材料优于钢材属过度推断。 📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇：heritage, status, urgent, conflict, collapse, assess, preserve, conservation, emerge, intense, pursue, outcome Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 请根据英文写出对应汉语释义： 乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. heritage — __________ 2. status — __________ 3. urgent — __________ 4. conflict — __________ 5. collapse — __________ 6. assess — __________ 7. preserve — __________ 8. conservation — __________ 9. emerge — __________ 10. intense — __________ 11. pursue — __________ 12. outcome — __________ 13. inherit — __________ 14. urgency — __________ 15. assessment — __________ 16. preservation — __________ 17. emergence — __________ 18. pursuit — __________ 19. in urgent need of — __________ 20. be in conflict with — __________ 【参考答案】 1. 遗产；传统；遗留物 2. 地位；身份；状态 3. 紧急的；急迫的 4. 冲突；矛盾；抵触 5. 倒塌；崩溃；晕倒 6. 评估；评定；估价 7. 保护；保存；保留 8. 保护；保存；节约 9. 出现；浮现；摆脱 10. 强烈的；剧烈的；热切的 11. 追求；从事；追赶 12. 结果；结局；成果 13. 继承（动词） 14. 紧迫；急事（名词） 15. 评估；评定（名词） 16. 保护；保存（名词） 17. 出现；兴起（名词） 18. 追求；消遣（名词） 19. 急需（短语） 20. 与…相冲突（短语） Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 同义转换：用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词，提升写作表达： 1. The old town wall is an important part of our national cultural treasure. → The old town wall is an important part of our national __________. 2. Last year the quiet river village was given the position of a protected site. → Last year the quiet river village was given the __________ of a protected site. 3. After the heavy summer rain, the wooden hall was in very great need of repair. → After the heavy summer rain, the wooden hall was in __________ need of repair. 4. New building plans are often in disagreement with the protection of old streets. → New building plans are often in __________ with the protection of old streets. 5. Two of the old stone arches were very close to falling down last winter. → Two of the old stone arches were very close to __________ last winter. 6. A team of experts came to the village to judge the damage to the temple. → A team of experts came to the village to __________ the damage to the temple. 7. The workers tried hard to keep every original stone of the ancient bridge. → The workers tried hard to __________ every original stone of the ancient bridge. 8. The protection of old wooden buildings needs both money and great patience. → The __________ of old wooden buildings needs both money and great patience. 9. The name of the builder slowly appeared from an old account book in the library. → The name of the builder slowly __________ from an old account book in the library. 10. Public interest in the repair of the ancient tower was very strong that year. → Public interest in the repair of the ancient tower was __________ that year. 11. The young volunteers are trying to reach a wider goal in their county this year. → The young volunteers are __________ a wider goal in their county this year. 12. The best result of the whole project was not a new hall but a saved old one. → The best __________ of the whole project was not a new hall but a saved old one. 【答案】 1. heritage 2. status 3. urgent 4. conflict 5. collapse 6. assess 7. preserve 8. conservation 9. emerged 10. intense 11. pursuing 12. outcome Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 遮挡提示，尝试用12个目标词复述下面这条记忆链： 记忆链：heritage → status → urgent → conflict → collapse → assess → preserve → conservation → emerge → intense → pursue → outcome 复述模板（填空）： 学校后面那座石桥是小镇__________（遗产）的一部分，去年它被授予了受保护遗址的__________（地位）。 消息来得正是__________（紧迫的）时候：暴雨与随意施工多年来与老石头处于__________（冲突）之中，一个小拱券已濒临__________（坍塌）。 专家团队前来__________（评估）损毁，他们想__________（保护）住每一块原石，__________（保护）方案因此缓慢而细致。 施工中建桥人的名字从旧账册里__________（浮现），全镇感到__________（强烈的）喜悦；如今我们__________（追求）一个朴素目标，最好的__________（结果）是老桥依然屹立。 你的复述： ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 【自我检测答案】 填空答案：heritage; status; urgent; conflict; collapse; assess; preserve; conservation; emerge; intense; pursue; outcome 复述模板参考版本： Behind my school stands an old stone bridge that is part of the town's heritage, and last year it was given the status of a protected site. The news came at an urgent moment, because heavy rain and careless building work had long been in conflict with the old stones, and one small arch was close to collapse. A team of specialists came to assess the damage. They wanted to preserve every original stone, so their conservation plan was slow and careful, and while they worked the name of the builder began to emerge from an old record book. The whole town felt an intense joy, and we now pursue a simple aim: the best outcome is not a new bridge, but an old one that still stands. $