Unit5 Revealing nature同步检测学案-2026-2027学年外研版高中英语选择性必修第一册

外研版高中英语选择性必修第一册 Unit 5 Revealing nature 同步检测学案 班级：________________ 姓名：________________ A. 核心词汇 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.种子，籽 n.________________ 2.遥远的 adj.________________ 3.样本 n.________________ 4.猜想，怀疑，觉得 v.________________ 5.（动物的）原种，祖先 n.________________ 6.产生，创造 v.________________ 7.特征，特性 n.________________ 8.减少 v.________________ 9.责怪，指责；把……归咎于 v.________________ 10.山羊 n.________________ 11.原始的，低等的 adj.________________ 12.发现，察觉（尤指不易觉察到的事物） v.________________ 13.把……联系起来；连接 v.________________ 14.厘米 n.________________ 15.丢脸，耻辱 n.________________ 16.地质学家 n.________________ 17.进化 v.________________ 18.雀科鸣禽 n.________________ 19.鸟嘴，喙 n.________________ 20.进化（论） n.________________ 21.tortoise n.________________ 22.worldwide adv.________________ 23.giant adj.________________ 24.mangrove n.________________ 25.iguana n.________________ 26.comb-like adj.________________ 27.spine n.________________ 28.myth n.________________ 29.legend n.________________ 30.wasp n.________________ B. 词汇语境化训练 Contextual Vocabulary Practice 用括号内词的正确形式完成句子。注意词性转换、单复数、时态和固定搭配。 1. [教材语境改编] How can this benefit plants? 2 Can you think of another example of __________ travelling? (seed) 2. [教材语境改编] After Darwin had spent some time in South America, his room on the ship was crowded with __________ of the plants and animals he had collected. (sample) 3. [教材语境改编] Darwin __________ that the finches and it had . (suspect) 4. [教材语境改编] The researchers said the __________ of the Komodo dragon most likely evolved in Australia and spread westward, reaching the Indonesian island of Flores 900,000 years ago. (ancestor) 5. [教材语境改编] Revealing nature 69 Darwin asked the questions: • How did different species ? • __________ IDEAS • Darwin studied . • He noticed that some species of animals were . (generate) 6. [教材语境改编] By using human __________ to describe an object, animal or even a place, personification can make descriptions more vivid. (characteristic) C. 一词多义与构词 Word Families 写出合适的同根词。 1. evolve (v.) → ______ (n.) → ______ (adj.) 2. generate (v.) → ______ (n.) → ______ (adj.) 3. character (n.) → ______ (n.) → ______ (adv.) 4. detect (v.) → ______ (n.) → ______ (adj.) 5. science (n.) → ______ (adj.) → ______ (adv.) A. 中译英：Chinese → English 1.响应号召______________ 2.是耻辱，是丢脸的事______________ 3.源于……的，原产于……______________ 4.巨型陆龟______________ 5.弄清；查明______________ 6.以及；也______________ 7.事实上______________ 8.例如______________ 9.according to______________ 10.be able to______________ 11.by the time______________ 12.at the same time______________ 13.a variety of______________ 14.over time______________ 15.grow up______________ B. 短语语境化训练 Phrase Practice 从上面短语中选择恰当短语，并用其正确形式完成句子。 1. [教材/主题语境改编] The __________ Reserve on Santa Cruz 1 several species of giant tortoise that 2 the Galápagos Islands. 2. [教材/主题语境改编] Many cultures have stories of talking trees that give advice __________ warnings to people. 3. [教材/主题语境改编] __________, some pine trees can send food to smaller pine trees to help them grow. 4. [教材/主题语境改编] Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to __________ “talk” with them ourselves. 5. [教材/主题语境改编] __________ of his death in 1884, he 5 important discoveries about genetics. 6. [教材/主题语境改编] As he studied these, he asked himself the question: how did different species come to exist? 3 At that time, people believed that all species had appeared on Earth __________, and had not changed since. C. 短语迁移运用 Phrase Application 1. [原创迁移] 有些物种原产于特定岛屿，因此环境变化会对它们产生特别明显的影响。【be native to】 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. [原创迁移] 随着时间推移，长期观察和证据积累能够改变科学家对物种的认识。【over time】 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. [原创迁移] 到达尔文形成较成熟的进化观点时，他已经积累并比较了大量观察证据。【by the time】 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ A. 单元助记短文：语篇填空 Memory Passage 用括号内词的正确形式或恰当短语完成短文。 Compare your methods with your partner’s and think about which methods are more efficient. 3 2 1 The Galápagos Islands are renowned __________ (worldwide) for their unique biodiversity. The __________ (giant tortoise) Reserve on Santa Cruz 1 several species of giant tortoise that 2 the Galápagos Islands. The island is also home to the Charles Darwin Research Station, where 3 studies are carried out. __________ (mangrove) are one of the coastal plants that grow on Isabela. They serve as the 4 for various birds and fish, and are very important to the 5 . They have a very special 6 , with __________ (comb-like) __________ (spine) on their back. There is evidence that all the different __________ (iguana) have developed from more 7 ones and share a common 8 . Many cultures have stories of talking trees that give advice __________ (as well as) warnings to people. Alexander the Great and Marco Polo were said to have visited such a tree in India. This happens when a plant, say a bean plant, gets attacked by insects. Key unit vocabulary also includes __________ (seed), __________ (distant), __________ (disgrace). B. 语篇理解 1. 该语段主要围绕“科学发现、生物多样性与自然奥秘”中的哪一具体内容展开？请用不超过30个汉字概括。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 根据语段，文本传递了怎样的态度、价值或学习启示？请用中文概括。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ A. 语法要点：Past perfect 语法学习提示：先判断句法功能和时间/逻辑关系，再选择结构；完成后检查主谓关系、语态和非谓语逻辑主语。 要点 讲解 例句 结构 had + 过去分词，表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作。 Darwin had collected many samples before he returned home. 时间关系 常与 before, after, by the time, when 等构成“过去的过去”。 By the time he published his ideas, he had spent years studying evidence. 易错点 若先后关系已由 before/after 十分清楚，有时一般过去时也可；考试中要根据强调重点判断。 He realised that he had made an important discovery. B. 单句练习 Sentence Practice 1. [单元/高考趋势改编] 完成句子：Before Darwin returned to England, he __________ (collect) many samples. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. [单元/高考趋势改编] 完成句子：By the time the theory developed, scientists __________ (gather) a large amount of evidence. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. [单元/高考趋势改编] 改写：He collected specimens. Then he compared them carefully. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. [单元/高考趋势改编] 改正：When he arrived home, he realised he left an important notebook on the ship. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. [单元/高考趋势改编] 翻译：在提出结论之前，研究者已经反复检查了数据。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. [单元/高考趋势改编] 完成句子：She was excited because she __________ never __________ (see) such a rare plant before. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. [单元/高考趋势改编] 选择：By 1859, Darwin (spent / had spent) many years developing his theory. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. [单元/高考趋势改编] 句型升格：The discovery surprised him. He had not expected it. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ C. 句型升格 Sentence Upgrading 1. [开放表达] 用过去完成时合并：Darwin collected many specimens. Then he began comparing them. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. [开放表达] 用过去完成时升格：The researchers finished the survey. After that, they analysed the data. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ A. 万能句型翻译 Useful Sentence Translation 1. [高考应用文表达] 科学理论必须能够解释观察到的证据，并接受新证据的检验。【theory; evidence】 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. [高考应用文表达] 达尔文的研究说明，长期观察和比较能够帮助科学家发现隐藏的规律。【long-term observation; comparison】 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. [高考应用文表达] 生物多样性不仅关系到单个物种，也关系到整个生态系统的稳定。【biodiversity; ecosystem】 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. [高考应用文表达] 讨论进化等科学问题时，我们应区分已有证据、合理推断和未经证实的猜测。【distinguish; inference】 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. [高考应用文表达] 只有不断提出问题并检验解释，我们才能让科学认识随着证据发展。【only by; test explanations】 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ B. 高考应用文写作 Practical Writing 请写一则80-100词英文观察日志，记录一种植物在数天内的变化，包括时间、观察到的现象和你的推测/发现。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 第一部分 必备词汇 A. 核心词汇 1.种子，籽 n. seed n. 2.遥远的 adj. distant adj. 3.样本 n. sample n. 4.猜想，怀疑，觉得 v. suspect v. 5.（动物的）原种，祖先 n. ancestor n. 6.产生，创造 v. generate v. 7.特征，特性 n. characteristic n. 8.减少 v. decline v. 9.责怪，指责；把……归咎于 v. blame v. 10.山羊 n. goat n. 11.原始的，低等的 adj. primitive adj. 12.发现，察觉（尤指不易觉察到的事物） v. detect v. 13.把……联系起来；连接 v. link v. 14.厘米 n. centimetre n. 15.丢脸，耻辱 n. disgrace n. 16.地质学家 n. geologist n. 17.进化 v. evolve v. 18.雀科鸣禽 n. finch n. 19.鸟嘴，喙 n. beak n. 20.进化（论） n. evolution n. 21.tortoise n. 陆龟 22.worldwide adv. 遍及全世界 23.giant adj. 巨大的，特大的 24.mangrove n. 红树（一种热带树木，生于水中或水边，并从树枝上长出新根须） 25.iguana n. 鬣蜥（一种大型热带美洲蜥蜴） 26.comb-like adj. 梳状的 27.spine n. （动植物的）刺，刺毛 28.myth n. （古代的）神话 29.legend n. 传说，传奇（故事） 30.wasp n. 黄蜂 B. 词汇语境化训练： 1. seeds 2. samples 3. suspected 4. ancestor 5. GENERATE 6. characteristics C. 一词多义与构词： 1. evolution; evolutionary 2. generation; generative 3. characteristic; characteristically 4. detection; detectable 5. scientific; scientifically 第二部分 必备短语 A. 中译英及英译中： 1. answer the call 2. be a disgrace 3. be native to 4. giant tortoise 5. find out 6. as well as 7. in fact 8. for example 9. 根据 10. 能够 11. 到……时候 12. 同时 13. 各种各样的 14. 随着时间推移 15. 长大 B. 短语语境化训练： 1. Giant Tortoise 2. as well as 3. For example 4. be able to 5. By the time 6. at the same time C. 短语迁移运用： 1. Some species are native to particular islands, so environmental change can have an especially strong effect on them. 2. Over time, long-term observation and accumulated evidence can change scientists’ understanding of species. 3. By the time Darwin developed a more mature view of evolution, he had collected and compared a large amount of observational evidence. 第三部分 单元助记短文 A. 语篇填空： 1. worldwide 2. Giant Tortoise 3. Mangroves 4. comb-like 5. spines 6. iguanas 7. as well as 8. seed 9. distant 10. disgrace B. 语篇理解： 1. 语段围绕“科学发现、生物多样性与自然奥秘”展开，概括时应包含语段中的核心对象、事件或观点。 2. 参考要点：根据语段呈现的事实或人物经历概括其态度、价值或学习启示；答案须有语段信息支撑。 第四部分 语法要点与练习 B. 单句练习： 1. had collected 2. had gathered 3. After he had collected specimens, he compared them carefully. 4. left → had left 5. Before reaching a conclusion, the researchers had checked the data repeatedly. 6. had; seen 7. had spent 8. The discovery surprised him because he had not expected such a result. C. 句型升格（示例）： 1. Darwin had collected many specimens before he began comparing them. 2. After the researchers had finished the survey, they analysed the data. 第五部分 单元作文话题训练 A. 万能句型翻译： 1. A scientific theory must explain observed evidence and remain open to testing by new evidence. 2. Darwin’s work shows that long-term observation and comparison can help scientists discover hidden patterns. 3. Biodiversity concerns not only individual species, but also the stability of whole ecosystems. 4. When discussing scientific issues such as evolution, we should distinguish established evidence, reasonable inference and unsupported guesses. 5. Only by continuing to ask questions and test explanations can scientific understanding develop with evidence. B. 高考应用文写作（参考范文）： Day 1: I placed a bean seed in moist soil beside the classroom window. The seed looked unchanged. Day 3: A small root appeared and grew downward. Day 5: A green shoot broke through the soil and began turning towards the light. I also noticed that the plant near the window grew more quickly than the one farther away. My observation suggests that light influences the direction and speed of early growth. Keeping a daily record helped me notice changes that I might otherwise have missed. $