2026-2027学年沪教版（五四学制）九年级英语上册语法专题精练

**基本信息** 聚焦8大核心语法考点，以“要点总结-错误剖析-分层训练”构建系统方法体系，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |系动词等8大考点|每考点9题（基础3+提升3+拓展3）|分类归纳（如系动词分感官/变化/状态）、错误归因（如被动语态be动词遗漏）、分层突破（基础巩固规则，拓展结合语境）|按“概念定义-易错辨析-应用拓展”递进，如被动语态从现在时到过去时再到将来时，形成完整知识链|

2026沪教版（五四学制）九年级上册 英语语法专题精练 8大核心考点 · 72道精选试题 · 含详细解析 考点一：系动词（Linking Verbs） 📖 对应单元：Unit 1 Teenage Life ▎语法要点总结 ① 感官系动词 look/sound/smell/taste/feel 后接形容词作表语，不用副词。The music sounds beautiful. ② 变化系动词 get/become/turn/go/grow 表示状态变化。get tired, turn yellow, go bad, grow tall. ③ 状态持续系动词 keep/stay/remain 表示保持某状态。keep calm, stay healthy, remain silent. ④ 系动词无被动语态，不用进行时（渐进变化 get/grow 除外）。❌ The dish is tasted good. ⚠️ 经典错误剖析 ❌ 常见错误 ✅ 正确写法 💡 原因剖析 The soup tastes deliciously. The soup tastes delicious. taste是系动词，后接形容词delicious，不能用副词deliciously。 She is becoming more taller. She is growing taller. become后接形容词原级或比较级，taller本身已是比较级，但grow更强调自然渐变。 The leaves go to yellow. The leaves turn yellow. turn表示变色时直接接形容词，不加to。 ◇ 基础题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. Olivia ______ tired after she studied for three hours without a break. A. feel B. feels C. felt D. feeling ◇（ ）2. The idea ______ wonderful. Let's try it out this weekend in Xiamen. A. sounds B. sound C. is sounding D. is sounded ◇（ ）3. The milk in the fridge ______ terrible. Don't drink it, Bella. A. smells B. is smelling C. smell D. is smelt ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷（ ）1. As teenagers grow up, they ______ more and more independent step by step. A. get B. gets C. got D. getting ▷（ ）2. The leaves on the trees in Jinan ______ yellow when autumn arrives every year. A. turn B. turns C. are turning D. is turned ▷（ ）3. Zhou Kai ______ calm even when he faces difficult problems in maths class. A. stays B. is staying C. stay D. stays being ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★（ ）1. The music from the concert hall ______ so peaceful that everyone ______ relaxed. A. sounds; feels B. sounds; feel C. sound; feels D. sounded; felt ★（ ）2. — How does the dish cooked by Chen Wei ______? — It ______ really good. A. taste; smells B. taste; smell C. tastes; smells D. tastes; smell ★（ ）3. My grandmother's hair ______ white when she worked as a teacher in Wuhan many years ago. A. goes B. went C. has gone D. had gone 📋 参考答案 ◇（ ）1. 答案：C ◇（ ）2. 答案：A ◇（ ）3. 答案：A ▷（ ）1. 答案：A ▷（ ）2. 答案：A ▷（ ）3. 答案：A ★（ ）1. 答案：A ★（ ）2. 答案：A ★（ ）3. 答案：B 考点二：定语从句（Relative Clauses with who/which/that） 📖 对应单元：Unit 2 People and Their Jobs ▎语法要点总结 ① who 引导定语从句，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。The doctor who saves lives is respected. ② which 引导定语从句，先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。The book which I bought is interesting. ③ that 既可指人也可指物，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。The job that he does is important. ④ 定语从句中谓语动词的单复数由先行词决定。He is one of the students who are good at sports. ⚠️ 经典错误剖析 ❌ 常见错误 ✅ 正确写法 💡 原因剖析 The boy which won the game is Zhang Hao. The boy who won the game is Zhang Hao. 先行词the boy指人，关系代词应用who，不能用which。 This is the school where I visited last year. This is the school that/which I visited last year. visit是及物动词，缺宾语，应用that/which，不用where。 She is the engineer which designs bridges. She is the engineer who/that designs bridges. 先行词engineer指人，应用who或that，不能用which。 ◇ 基础题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. Jam is a volunteer ______ helps clean the park every weekend in Kunming. A. which B. who C. what D. where ◇（ ）2. The building ______ was built in 1990 still looks modern today. A. who B. whom C. which D. whose ◇（ ）3. This is the kind of job ______ requires both skill and patience. A. who B. which C. what D. where ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷（ ）1. Olivia is the only student in her class ______ can speak three foreign languages. A. that B. which C. who D. A和C都对 ▷（ ）2. The engineer ______ design won an award works in Wuhan now. A. who B. which C. whose D. that ▷（ ）3. They are the children ______ parents work in the hospital near our school. A. who B. which C. whose D. that ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★（ ）1. The doctor ______ I visited yesterday is the one ______ saved my grandmother's life. A. who; that B. whom; who C. that; which D. whom; which ★（ ）2. This is the most interesting book ______ I have ever read, and the writer ______ wrote it is from Qingdao. A. that; who B. which; that C. what; who D. that; which ★（ ）3. He is one of the workers ______ ______ building the new bridge in Xiamen. A. who; helps B. that; help C. which; helps D. who; help 📋 参考答案 ◇（ ）1. 答案：B ◇（ ）2. 答案：C ◇（ ）3. 答案：B ▷（ ）1. 答案：D ▷（ ）2. 答案：C ▷（ ）3. 答案：C ★（ ）1. 答案：B ★（ ）2. 答案：A ★（ ）3. 答案：D 考点三：疑问词 + 动词不定式（Wh- + to do） 📖 对应单元：Unit 3 Travellers' Tales ▎语法要点总结 ① 结构：疑问词(what/which/who/when/where/how/whether) + to do，相当于简化宾语从句。I don't know what to do = I don't know what I should do. ② why 后不接不定式；if 不接不定式，要用 whether。❌ I don't know if to go. ✅ I don't know whether to go. ③ which 有范围选择，what 无范围。I don't know which to choose (from these). / I don't know what to do (no options given). ④ 常跟此结构的动词：know, tell, ask, learn, decide, find out, forget, remember, teach。 ⚠️ 经典错误剖析 ❌ 常见错误 ✅ 正确写法 💡 原因剖析 I don't know why to do next. I don't know what to do next. why后面不能接不定式，应改为what to do。 She asked me if to go with her. She asked me whether to go with her. if不能接不定式，应用whether to do。 He doesn't know where he should to go. He doesn't know where to go. 疑问词+不定式结构中to do已含情态，不能再加should。 ◇ 基础题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. Lily doesn't know ______ first when she arrives at the train station in Wuhan. A. what to do B. how to do C. where to do D. why to do ◇（ ）2. Chen Wei is learning ______ the new machine in the factory. A. how to use B. what to use C. which to use D. where to use ◇（ ）3. The tourists need to decide ______ for their next stop in Xiamen. A. where to go B. how to go C. what to go D. why to go ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷（ ）1. Olivia can't remember ______ to her grandmother's house in the countryside. A. how to get B. what to get C. where to get D. which to get ▷（ ）2. Zhou Kai is thinking about ______ as his birthday gift — a book or a watch. A. which to choose B. what to choose C. how to choose D. where to choose ▷（ ）3. The travellers forgot ______ the map before they left the hotel in Kunming. A. whether to bring B. if to bring C. why to bring D. how to bring ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★（ ）1. Jam taught Bella ______ a campfire, but she still doesn't know ______ wood to collect. A. how to make; which B. what to make; how C. how to make; what D. what to make; which ★（ ）2. Before climbing the mountain, they discussed ______ a safe route and ______ if it rained. A. how to find; what to do B. what to find; how to do C. where to find; why to do D. which to find; whether to do ★（ ）3. Lily asked Chen Wei ______ the train tickets and ______ time to leave for the station. A. how to buy; what B. what to buy; when C. how to buy; when D. which to buy; how 📋 参考答案 ◇（ ）1. 答案：A ◇（ ）2. 答案：A ◇（ ）3. 答案：A ▷（ ）1. 答案：A ▷（ ）2. 答案：A ▷（ ）3. 答案：A ★（ ）1. 答案：A ★（ ）2. 答案：A ★（ ）3. 答案：C 考点四：一般现在时被动语态（Present Simple Passive） 📖 对应单元：Unit 4 Folk Customs ▎语法要点总结 ① 结构：am/is/are + 过去分词。主动 The chef cooks the meal. → 被动 The meal is cooked by the chef. ② am 用于I；is 用于单数；are 用于复数。The customs are passed down from generation to generation. ③ 否定式：am/is/are + not + 过去分词。The festival is not celebrated in winter. ④ 疑问式：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 过去分词？When is the folk song sung? ⚠️ 经典错误剖析 ❌ 常见错误 ✅ 正确写法 💡 原因剖析 The tea is produce in Xiamen. The tea is produced in Xiamen. produce的过去分词是produced，不是produce。 The customs was celebrated every year. The customs are celebrated every year. customs是复数，be动词应用are，且every year提示一般现在时。 The book was write by a famous author. The book was written by a famous author. write的过去分词是written，不是write。 ◇ 基础题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. In China, the dragon boat festival ______ every year with great excitement. A. celebrates B. is celebrated C. celebrated D. are celebrated ◇（ ）2. The folk songs in this village ______ from old stories. A. are sung B. is sung C. sung D. sings ◇（ ）3. The traditional tea ceremony ______ in many Asian countries. A. practises B. is practised C. practised D. are practised ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷（ ）1. The traditional dance ______ by hundreds of people at the spring festival in Wuhan. A. is performed B. are performed C. performs D. perform ▷（ ）2. — How often ______ the ancient temple ______? — Once a year, during the cultural week. A. is; visited B. does; visit C. is; visit D. does; visited ▷（ ）3. The special kind of tea ______ only in the mountains around Xiamen. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★（ ）1. Not only the students but also the teacher ______ about the local customs in Jinan. A. is taught B. are taught C. teaches D. teach ★（ ）2. The old stories ______ the children enjoy ______ by their grandparents every evening. A. that; are told B. which; tells C. who; are told D. that; tells ★（ ）3. ______ the Chinese calligraphy class ______ every Friday afternoon? A. Is; held B. Does; hold C. Is; hold D. Was; held 📋 参考答案 ◇（ ）1. 答案：B ◇（ ）2. 答案：A ◇（ ）3. 答案：B ▷（ ）1. 答案：A ▷（ ）2. 答案：A ▷（ ）3. 答案：A ★（ ）1. 答案：A ★（ ）2. 答案：A ★（ ）3. 答案：A 考点五：一般过去时被动语态（Past Simple Passive） 📖 对应单元：Unit 5 Buildings ▎语法要点总结 ① 结构：was/were + 过去分词。The bridge was built in 1990. / The houses were destroyed in the fire. ② 否定式：was/were + not + 过去分词。The museum was not completed on time. ③ 疑问式：Was/Were + 主语 + 过去分词？When was the tower built? ④ 注意：不及物动词（happen/break out/appear）不能用于被动语态。❌ The accident was happened. ⚠️ 经典错误剖析 ❌ 常见错误 ✅ 正确写法 💡 原因剖析 The accident was happened yesterday. The accident happened yesterday. happen是不及物动词，无被动语态。 The building were built in 2000. The building was built in 2000. 主语building是单数，be动词应用was。 The book was wrote by a young writer. The book was written by a young writer. write的过去分词是written，不是wrote。 ◇ 基础题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. The Palace Museum in Beijing ______ in 1420 during the Ming dynasty. A. was built B. were built C. built D. is built ◇（ ）2. Many old houses in the village ______ down to make space for new roads. A. were pulled B. was pulled C. pulled D. are pulled ◇（ ）3. The letter ______ to Olivia's grandmother last week. A. was sent B. were sent C. is sent D. sent ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷（ ）1. When ______ the Great Wall ______ by the ancient Chinese people? A. was; built B. did; build C. is; built D. were; built ▷（ ）2. The windows of the classroom ______ by the strong wind during the storm last night. A. were broken B. was broken C. broke D. break ▷（ ）3. A beautiful painting ______ to the museum in Wuhan as a gift last year. A. was donated B. were donated C. donated D. is donated ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★（ ）1. The old temple which ______ at the top of the hill ______ by the local people hundreds of years ago. A. is; was built B. was; was built C. is; built D. was; built ★（ ）2. Not only the bridge but also the roads nearby ______ during the earthquake that ______ in 2010. A. were destroyed; happened B. was destroyed; happened C. were destroyed; was happened D. was destroyed; was happened ★（ ）3. The students ______ that the school library ______ in 1985 and reopened after renovation last year. A. learned; was built B. learned; built C. learn; was built D. learned; was build 📋 参考答案 ◇（ ）1. 答案：A ◇（ ）2. 答案：A ◇（ ）3. 答案：A ▷（ ）1. 答案：A ▷（ ）2. 答案：A ▷（ ）3. 答案：A ★（ ）1. 答案：A ★（ ）2. 答案：A ★（ ）3. 答案：A 考点六：一般将来时被动语态（Future Simple Passive） 📖 对应单元：Unit 6 Pollution ▎语法要点总结 ① 结构：will + be + 过去分词。The problem will be solved by the new technology. ② 否定式：will not (won't) + be + 过去分词。Pollution won't be reduced without our action. ③ 疑问式：Will + 主语 + be + 过去分词？Will the air be cleaned in the future? ④ be going to 型：am/is/are going to be + 过去分词。More trees are going to be planted next spring. ⚠️ 经典错误剖析 ❌ 常见错误 ✅ 正确写法 💡 原因剖析 The pollution will reduced by new laws. The pollution will be reduced by new laws. 将来时被动语态缺少be动词，应为will be + 过去分词。 The new school will built next year. The new school will be built next year. 被动语态结构不完整，缺be动词。 The meeting will be hold tomorrow. The meeting will be held tomorrow. hold的过去分词是held，不是hold。 ◇ 基础题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. A new bridge across the river in Xiamen ______ next year. A. will build B. will be built C. is built D. was built ◇（ ）2. The old factory ______ down to make room for a park. A. will pull B. will be pulled C. is pulled D. was pulled ◇（ ）3. The rubbish in the neighbourhood ______ away if everyone cooperates. A. won't throw B. won't be thrown C. isn't thrown D. wasn't thrown ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷（ ）1. — ______ the environment ______ in the future? — Yes, if we take action now. A. Will; be protected B. Does; protect C. Is; protected D. Was; protected ▷（ ）2. The invitations to the charity event ______ to the guests next Monday morning. A. will send B. will be sent C. are sent D. were sent ▷（ ）3. More trees ______ in the city centre to make the air cleaner. A. will plant B. will be planted C. are planted D. were planted ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★（ ）1. The teacher told the students that the experiment results ______ to their parents at the meeting next week. A. will be shown B. would be shown C. are shown D. were shown ★（ ）2. The boy asked whether the plastic bottles ______ or ______ away after the campaign. A. will be recycled; will be thrown B. would be recycled; thrown C. are recycled; threw D. would be recycled; would be thrown ★（ ）3. ______ the new library in Jinan ______ to the public by the end of this year? A. Will; be opened B. Does; open C. Is; opened D. Was; opened 📋 参考答案 ◇（ ）1. 答案：B ◇（ ）2. 答案：B ◇（ ）3. 答案：B ▷（ ）1. 答案：A ▷（ ）2. 答案：B ▷（ ）3. 答案：B ★（ ）1. 答案：B ★（ ）2. 答案：D ★（ ）3. 答案：A 考点七：基本句子结构（Basic Sentence Structures） 📖 对应单元：Unit 4 A Better Me + 综合 ▎语法要点总结 ① S+V（主谓）：主语+不及物动词。The baby smiled. / Time flies. ② S+V+O（主谓宾）：主语+及物动词+宾语。She reads books every day. ③ S+V+IO+DO（主谓双宾）：give/pass/show/tell/teach + 人 + 物。He gave me a book. ④ S+V+O+C（主谓宾宾补）：make/let/keep + 宾语 + 形容词/do。The story made her cry. / We keep the room tidy. ⚠️ 经典错误剖析 ❌ 常见错误 ✅ 正确写法 💡 原因剖析 There has a beautiful park near my home. There is a beautiful park near my home. there be句型不能与have混用，应为There is/are。 She made me to laugh. She made me laugh. 使役动词make/let/have后接不带to的不定式作宾补。 I suggested him to study harder. I suggested that he study harder. suggest不接sb. to do，可接that从句或doing。 ◇ 基础题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. Which sentence follows the structure S+V+O? A. Birds fly. B. She wrote a letter. C. He gave me a gift. D. The news made her happy. ◇（ ）2. In the sentence "The teacher told us an interesting story", the structure is ______. A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+O+C ◇（ ）3. The sentence "The music sounds beautiful" belongs to the structure ______. A. S+V+O B. S+V+C C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+O+C ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷（ ）1. Identify the sentence with the structure S+V+O+C: A. They elected him captain. B. She bought a new car. C. The sun rises in the east. D. He sent me a postcard. ▷（ ）2. In "The warm weather kept the flowers blooming", "blooming" acts as ______. A. direct object B. indirect object C. object complement D. adverbial ▷（ ）3. Which of the following verbs can NOT take a double object (IO+DO)? A. bring B. explain C. send D. offer ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★（ ）1. Choose the sentence where the underlined part is an object complement: A. She /found the book/ very interesting/. B. They /built a bridge/ over the river/. C. He /gave his sister/ a watch/. D. The children /sang happily/ at the party/. ★（ ）2. The phrase "make a difference" in "Education can make a difference in a child's life" is a(n) ______ structure. A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V+O+C D. S+V+IO+DO ★（ ）3. Which sentence has the structure S+V+O, with the verb being used transitively? A. The baby /cried/ loudly. B. Olivia /plays/ the piano every day. C. Zhang Hao /smiled/. D. The dog /barked/ at the mailman. 📋 参考答案 ◇（ ）1. 答案：B ◇（ ）2. 答案：C ◇（ ）3. 答案：B ▷（ ）1. 答案：A ▷（ ）2. 答案：C ▷（ ）3. 答案：B ★（ ）1. 答案：A ★（ ）2. 答案：B ★（ ）3. 答案：B 考点八：主谓一致与 There be 句型（Subject-Verb Agreement & There be） 📖 对应单元：综合复习 ▎语法要点总结 ① 就近原则：either...or / neither...nor / not only...but also / or 连接主语时，谓语与最近的主语一致。Either you or he is right. ② 语法一致：主语为单数，谓语用单数；主语为复数，谓语用复数。The number of students is increasing. / A number of students are here. ③ there be 就近原则：There is a pen and two books on the desk. / There are two books and a pen on the desk. ④ 集合名词：family/class/team作整体时谓语用单数，强调成员时谓语用复数。The team is training hard. / The team are having dinner. ⚠️ 经典错误剖析 ❌ 常见错误 ✅ 正确写法 💡 原因剖析 There has many people in the park. There are many people in the park. there be句型中不能用has/have，要用is/are。 Both Lily and Bella is coming to the party. Both Lily and Bella are coming to the party. both...and...连接主语时，谓语用复数。 The number of cars are increasing. The number of cars is increasing. the number of + 复数名词，谓语用单数，强调数量。 ◇ 基础题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. There ______ a beautiful garden behind Olivia's house in Kunming. A. is B. are C. has D. have ◇（ ）2. Neither Zhang Hao nor his classmates ______ about the change of plan. A. knows B. know C. is knowing D. was knowing ◇（ ）3. The number of students in this school ______ about 2,000. A. are B. is C. were D. have been ▷ 提升题（选择题） ▷（ ）1. Not only the teacher but also the students ______ excited about the school trip to Xiamen. A. is B. are C. was D. has been ▷（ ）2. There ______ some milk and several apples on the table in the kitchen. A. are B. is C. have D. has ▷（ ）3. A number of tourists ______ visiting the museum in Wuhan this week. A. is B. are C. was D. has been ★ 拓展题（选择题） ★（ ）1. ______ there any news about the basketball match, or ______ everyone still waiting for the result? A. Is; are B. Are; is C. Is; is D. Are; are ★（ ）2. The family ______ a big dinner together when the power ______ out last night. A. were having; went B. was having; went C. were having; was going D. was having; was going ★（ ）3. Either the coach or the players ______ responsible for the loss, but neither the manager nor the fans ______ blaming them. A. are; are B. is; is C. are; is D. is; are 📋 参考答案 ◇（ ）1. 答案：A ◇（ ）2. 答案：B ◇（ ）3. 答案：B ▷（ ）1. 答案：B ▷（ ）2. 答案：B ▷（ ）3. 答案：B ★（ ）1. 答案：C ★（ ）2. 答案：A ★（ ）3. 答案：A 📝 详细参考解析 考点一：系动词（Linking Verbs） 【基础题解析】 ◇（ ）1. 主语Olivia是第三人称单数，系动词feel用feels。句意：Olivia连续学习三小时后感到疲惫。 ◇（ ）2. 主语The idea是单数，sound用sounds，系动词后接形容词wonderful。句意：这个主意听起来很棒。 ◇（ ）3. 主语milk是不可数名词，smell用smells，系动词无被动。句意：冰箱里的牛奶闻起来坏了。 【提升题解析】 ▷（ ）1. 主语they是复数，grow用原形。句意：青少年长大过程中逐渐变得更独立。 ▷（ ）2. 主语leaves是复数，turn用原形。句意：每年秋天济南树上的叶子变黄。 ▷（ ）3. 主语Zhou Kai是单数，stay用stays。句意：周凯即使面对数学难题也保持冷静。 【拓展题解析】 ★（ ）1. The music作主语用sounds；everyone作主语谓语用feels（单数）。句意：音乐听起来平和，每个人都感到放松。 ★（ ）2. does后接动词原形taste；答句主语it是单数用smells。句意：—陈伟做的菜尝起来如何？—闻起来很香。 ★（ ）3. many years ago提示过去时，hair是不可数名词用went。句意：多年前在武汉当老师时祖母的头发变白了。 考点二：定语从句（Relative Clauses with who/which/that） 【基础题解析】 ◇（ ）1. 先行词a volunteer指人，关系代词在从句中作主语，用who。 ◇（ ）2. 先行词The building指物，关系代词用which。 ◇（ ）3. 先行词the kind of job指物，用which引导定语从句。 【提升题解析】 ▷（ ）1. 先行词the only student指人，可用who或that；此处that和who均可，故选D（A和C都对）。 ▷（ ）2. design won an award修饰engineer，关系代词在从句中作定语修饰win，用whose。 ▷（ ）3. 先行词children，关系代词在从句中作定语修饰parents，用whose。 【拓展题解析】 ★（ ）1. 第一空visited的宾语用whom；第二空saved的主语用who。 ★（ ）2. 先行词被最高级修饰时，关系代词只能用that；第二空writer指人用who。 ★（ ）3. one of + 复数名词 + 复数谓语help；定语从句修饰workers用who。 考点三：疑问词 + 动词不定式（Wh- + to do） 【基础题解析】 ◇（ ）1. 句意：Lily不知道到了武汉火车站后先做什么。do是及物动词，缺宾语用what。 ◇（ ）2. use是及物动词，how to use表示"如何使用"。句意：陈伟正在学习如何使用新机器。 ◇（ ）3. go是不及物动词，where to go表示"去哪里"。句意：游客需要决定下一站去厦门哪里。 【提升题解析】 ▷（ ）1. get to + 地点，how to get表示"如何到达"。句意：Olivia不记得去乡下祖母家的路了。 ▷（ ）2. a book or a watch给出范围，which to choose表示"从两者中选哪个"。 ▷（ ）3. whether to do表示"是否做某事"，if不能接不定式。句意：旅客忘记是否带地图了。 【拓展题解析】 ★（ ）1. teach sb. how to do sth.；第二空choose是及物动词，缺宾语用which。 ★（ ）2. discuss后接how to find和what to do，均为疑问词+不定式结构。 考点四：一般现在时被动语态（Present Simple Passive） 【基础题解析】 ◇（ ）1. 主语festival是单数，every year提示一般现在时，用is celebrated。 ◇（ ）2. 主语songs是复数，用are sung。 【提升题解析】 ▷（ ）1. 主语dance是单数，用is performed。句意：在武汉春节时数百人表演传统舞蹈。 ▷（ ）2. 第一空the class作主语用is；第二空celebrate是及物动词，被动用is celebrated。 ▷（ ）3. tea是不可数名词，用is grown。 【拓展题解析】 ★（ ）1. not only...but also就近原则，the teacher是单数，用is taught。 ★（ ）2. 第一空stories是复数用that；第二空enjoy的宾语用are told。 ★（ ）3. calligraphy class是单数，用Is...held。 考点五：一般过去时被动语态（Past Simple Passive） 【基础题解析】 ◇（ ）1. in 1420提示过去时，主语单数用was built。 ◇（ ）2. houses是复数，last night提示过去时，用were pulled。 ◇（ ）3. letter是单数，last week提示过去时，用was sent。 【提升题解析】 ▷（ ）1. the Great Wall是单数，built提示过去分词，用was...built。 ▷（ ）2. windows是复数，last night提示过去时，用were broken。 ▷（ ）3. painting是单数，last year提示过去时，用was donated。 【拓展题解析】 ★（ ）1. which was built是定语从句修饰temple；hundreds of years ago提示过去时用was built。 ★（ ）2. not only...but also就近原则，the bridge单数用was destroyed；earthquake是happen的主语，无被动。 ★（ ）3. told提示过去时，宾语从句用过去将来时would be shown。 考点六：一般将来时被动语态（Future Simple Passive） 【基础题解析】 ◇（ ）1. next year提示将来时，bridge是单数，用will be built。 ◇（ ）2. factory是单数，用will be pulled。 ◇（ ）3. rubbish是不可数名词，条件句用won't be thrown。 【提升题解析】 ▷（ ）1. in the future提示将来时，environment是单数，用Will...be protected。 ▷（ ）2. invitations是复数，next Monday提示将来时，用will be sent。 ▷（ ）3. trees是复数，用will be planted。 【拓展题解析】 ★（ ）1. 主句told提示过去时，宾语从句用过去将来时would be shown。 ★（ ）2. asked提示过去时，whether引导宾语从句，两空均用过去将来时。 ★（ ）3. by the end of this year提示将来时，library是单数，用Will...be opened。 考点七：基本句子结构（Basic Sentence Structures） 【基础题解析】 ◇（ ）1. S+V+O结构需有及物动词+宾语。B项"她写了一封信"符合。A是S+V，C是S+V+IO+DO，D是S+V+O+C。 ◇（ ）2. gave me a gift = 间宾me + 直宾a gift，结构为S+V+IO+DO。 ◇（ ）3. sounds是系动词，beautiful是表语，结构为S+V+C（主系表）。 【提升题解析】 ▷（ ）1. elected him captain中，captain是宾语him的补足语（职位名词），属S+V+O+C。 ▷（ ）2. kept the flowers blooming中，blooming补充说明flowers的状态，是宾语补足语。 ▷（ ）3. explain不能接双宾语，应说explain sth. to sb.。 【拓展题解析】 ★（ ）1. found the book very interesting中，very interesting是宾语book的补足语。 ★（ ）2. make a difference是及物短语动词+宾语，属S+V+O结构。 考点八：主谓一致与 There be 句型（Subject-Verb Agreement & There be） 【基础题解析】 ◇（ ）1. There be句型，a garden是单数用is。不能用has。 ◇（ ）2. neither...nor...就近原则，classmates是复数用know。 ◇（ ）3. the number of + 复数名词，谓语用单数is。 【提升题解析】 ▷（ ）1. not only...but also就近原则，students是复数用are。 ▷（ ）2. there be就近原则，some milk是单数用is。 ▷（ ）3. a number of + 复数名词，谓语用复数are（表示"许多"）。 【拓展题解析】 ★（ ）1. news是不可数名词用Is；everyone是单数用is。 ★（ ）2. family强调成员用were having；power是不可数名词用went out。 ★（ ）3. either...or就近原则，players复数用are；neither...nor就近原则，fans复数用are。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $