精品解析：2025届江苏省扬州中学联培部高三一模英语考试

江苏省扬州中学联培部2025届高三一模考试 英语（英才E） 满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Before joining the WNBA, Napheesa Collier won a national championship as a key player during the University of Connecticut’s undefeated 2016 season. Collier is also on another team: She’s an Eco Athletes champion. Eco Athletes is a nonprofit launched just over a year ago, with the mission to inspire and coach athletes to lead climate action. In its first year, 34 current and retired professional athletes have joined the team, from a wide range of sports and countries. “My teammates and I talk about a lot of issues, but we haven’t gotten into it on climate yet,” says Collier. “Two things my teammates do talk about are racial and economic injustice. I know that climate change makes these issues much more difficult to deal with. I hope Eco Athletes can help me bring people’s attention to it and to act on positive solutions. ” Although there’s a long history of athletes taking a stand on social justice issues, they have been more hesitant to speak out about climate change for a number of reasons, explains Lewis Blaustein, the founder of Eco Athletes. “First, some athletes prefer to not publicly engage in polities, which is common to a range of advocacy work. Second, when it comes to climate, athletes worried about communicating the science poorly. Finally, fears of being labeled a ‘climate fake(冒充者)’also stood in the way. ” To overcome these challenges, Eco Athletes offers athletes access to a resource center and organizes events for athletes to learn from climate scientists and other climate experts. In turn, athletes can share their passion for the environment with their fans, get involved in more direct action and even advocate for policy change. “A lot of it is trying to educate our followers and talk about climate change,” says Collier. “Caring about the Earth shouldn’t be a hobby or an identity, but a responsibility that everyone recognizes as their own. Once that happens, sustainability will become a value in everyday decision making and all those actions will add up. ” 1. Why was Eco Athletes set up? A. To promote eco-friendly sports. B. To provide a platform for world leaders. C. To appeal to athletes to take climate action. D. To inspire coaches to lead climate activities. 2. Which of the following may prevent athletes from engaging in climate issues? A. High economic pressure. B. Lack of related knowledge. C. Poor interpersonal relationships. D. Worry about breaking sports rules. 3. What will athletes get from joining Eco Athletes? A. Access to sports skills. B. Ways to attract followers. C. Chances to learn climate science. D. Rights to draft climate policies. 4. What can we learn from the text? A. Responsibility falls on climate experts. B. Greatness comes from small beginnings. C. The spirits of sports make great athletes. D. Active engagement makes a difference. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了一个非盈利组织——生态运动员，其使命是激励和指导运动员领导气候行动。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Eco Athletes is a nonprofit launched just over a year ago, with the mission to inspire and coach athletes to lead climate action.(“生态运动员”是一年前刚刚成立的非营利组织，其使命是激励和指导运动员领导气候行动)”可知，Eco Athletes成立的目的是呼吁运动员引领气候行动。故选C项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段““First, some athletes prefer to not publicly engage in polities, which is common to a range of advocacy work. Second, when it comes to climate, athletes worried about communicating the science poorly. Finally, fears of being labeled a ‘climate fake(冒充者)’also stood in the way. ”(“首先，一些运动员不愿意公开参与政治，这在一系列倡导工作中很常见。其次，在气候问题上，运动员担心科学传播不力。最后，担心被贴上‘气候骗子’的标签也是阻碍。”)”可推知，缺乏气候问题的相关知识可能是阻止运动员参与气象问题的原因。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“To overcome these challenges, Eco Athletes offers athletes access to a resource center and organizes events for athletes to learn from climate scientists and other climate experts.(为了克服这些挑战，“生态运动员”为运动员提供了一个资源中心，并组织了一些活动，让运动员向气候科学家和其他气候专家学习)”可知，加入“生态运动员”，运动员们将获得学习气候科学的机会。故选C项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Caring about the Earth shouldn’t be a hobby or an identity, but a responsibility that everyone recognizes as their own. Once that happens, sustainability will become a value in everyday decision making and all those actions will add up. ”(“关心地球不应该是一种爱好或身份，而是每个人都认为是自己的责任。一旦这种情况发生，可持续性将成为日常决策中的一种价值观，并且所有这些行动都会累积起来。”)”可推知，每个人都应该认为关心地球是自己的责任，一旦积极参与，将会产生积极的影响。故选D项。 B No one likes interruption. We are born to seek balance and order. No matter what it is that you are doing, being interrupted involves a forceful stop midway and then having to re-enter your previous state, sometimes with great difficulty. Popular belief has it that interruption breaks the flow of your thinking and affects productivity negatively, and so it is advisable that you have an uninterrupted session of intensive work before your next break. However, a Russian psychologist, Bluma Zeigarnik, might tell you otherwise. The connection between interruption and memory came to her attention when she was dining in a restaurant. She noticed how the waitresses had an amazing memory of the detailed orders yet to be paid for, but scarce memory of the orders that were already completed. Back in her laboratory, she conducted studies in which subjects were required to complete various puzzles. Some of the subjects were interrupted during the tasks. All the subjects were then asked to describe what tasks they had done. It turns out that adults remembered the interrupted tasks 90% better than the completed tasks, and that children were even more likely to recall the uncompleted tasks. In other words, uncompleted tasks will stay on your mind until you finish them! In comparison to tasks that were already finished and ones that we haven’t even started, half-done projects are given the priority in the mental to-do list our brains sketch out for us. Zeigarnik described this finding in her doctoral thesis (论文) in the late 1920s, which was later called Zeigarnik effect. One possible explanation is that with interrupted tasks, we are desperate for their closure to reclaim a sense of balance. Finishing them also means that we can finally clear up the mental backlog (积压的工作) and give the space to more upcoming tasks. Zeigarnik’s effect can be found everywhere, especially used in media and advertising. Have you ever wondered why cliffhangers work so well or why you just can’t get yourself to stop watching that series on Netflix? Ernest Hemingway once said about writing a novel, “It is the wait until the next day that is hard to get through.” So next time, when you are interrupted, appreciate it and take advantage of it to promote your productivity. 5. What is a common practice to finish a task? A. Working in a focused period. B. Working with occasional breaks. C. Working with a stop midway. D. Working in an interrupted session. 6. What is the finding of the Zeigarnik’s experiment? A. Interruption recalls details. B. Interruption betters memory. C. Interruption disturbs balance. D. Interruption reduces productivity. 7. Which of the following is an example of the application of Zeigarnik’s effect? A. Fashion shows. B. Online news. C. Talk shows. D. TV series. 8. What is the possible reason behind Zeigarnik’s effect? A. The desire for balance. B. The physical backlog. C. The outside pressure. D. The upcoming tasks. 【答案】5. A 6. B 7. D 8. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Zeigarnik效应，以及出现这种情况的原因。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Popular belief has it that interruption breaks the flow of your thinking and affects productivity negatively, and so it is advisable that you have an uninterrupted session of intensive work before your next break.(人们普遍认为，打断会打断你的思维，对工作效率产生负面影响，所以建议你在下次休息前进行一段不受打扰的高强度工作)”可知，完成一项任务的常见做法是精力集中地工作一段时间。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的“It turns out that adults remembered the interrupted tasks 90% better than the completed tasks, and that children were even more likely to recall the uncompleted tasks. In other words, uncompleted tasks will stay on your mind until you finish them!(结果表明，成年人对被打断的任务的记忆比完成的任务高出90%，而孩子们甚至更有可能回忆起未完成的任务。换句话说，未完成的任务会一直留在你的脑海里，直到你完成它们!)”可知，Zeigarnik的实验发现“中断”能提高记忆力。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第四段的“In comparison to tasks that were already finished and ones that we haven’t even started, half-done projects are given the priority in the mental to-do list our brains sketch out for us. (与已经完成的任务和还没有开始的任务相比，完成了一半的项目在我们的大脑为我们勾画的待办事项清单中被赋予了优先级)”可知，Zeigarnik效应指的是完成了一半的项目在我们大脑的待办事项清单中被赋予了优先等级。由此推知，看电视连续剧是Zeigarnik效应应用的一个例子，因为电视连续剧的剧集有时间间隔，导致人们被“中断”，以至于时刻想着看剧这件事。故选D。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“One possible explanation is that with interrupted tasks, we are desperate for their closure to reclaim a sense of balance. Finishing them also means that we can finally clear up the mental backlog (积压的工作) and give the space to more upcoming tasks.(一种可能的解释是，对于被打断的任务，我们迫切希望结束它们，以恢复一种平衡感。完成它们也意味着我们最终可以清理心理上的积压，为更多即将到来的任务腾出空间)”可知，Zeigarnik效应可能的一个原因是渴望平衡。故选A。 C A dog’s behavior is far more influenced by environment and upbringing, according to a new study published in the journal Science. Lead author Kathleen Morrill, a Ph. D. candidate at the University of Massachusetts Medical School, and her numerous co-researchers surveyed owners of 18,385 dogs and examined 2,155 dogs’ DNA as part of the citizen science project Darwin’s Ark. For the project, participants were given a battery of surveys to fill out about their dogs. They then received a DNA kit to collect their dogs’ saliva (唾液) and send it back to the lab for DNA testing. The information was stored in a large database that was freely shared with researchers around the world. In return, curious dog owners were sent a DNA and breed (品种) profile of their dogs. With the data provided to them by citizen scientists, Morrill and her team presented a number of interesting findings, but the biggest was this: Breeds offer little predictive value for individuals, explaining just 9% of variation in behavior. The researchers broke down dog behavior into eight categories: comfort level around humans, case of stimulation or excitement, affinity (喜爱) toward toys, biddability (also known as response to human training), how easily the dog is affected by a frightening stimulus, comfort level around other dogs, engagement with the environment, and desire to be close to humans. Of these behavioral characteristics, biddability and toy affinity were most linked with breeds, but the associations were slight. The study’s findings call into question laws that target specific, supposedly “dangerous”, breeds. More than 900 cities in the U.S. currently have some breed-specific laws. “We now have demonstrated that breed-specific laws are ineffective at protecting the public or reducing dog attacks,” Elinor Karlsson, a senior author of the study, said. “Any dog has the potential to be dangerous, regardless of its size or breed background. Because of this, dogs should not be declared dangerous based on their appearance. Instead, they should be assessed as individuals based on their behavior.” 9. How did the researchers carry out the project? A. By using survey responses. B. By interviewing dog owners face to face. C. By analyzing the data offered by the university. D. By comparing breed profiles of different dogs. 10. Which of the following is most related to breeds? A. Engagement with the environment. B. Response to human training. C. Ease of stimulation or excitement. D. Comfort level around humans. 11. Which statement did Karlsson agree with? A. A dog’s behavior is more individualistic. B. Breed-specific laws should be carried out effectively. C. Dog attacks have posed a deadly threat to humans. D. Categorizing dogs should be based on their appearance. 12. What is the best title for the text? A. Don’t ignore your dogs B. Don’t raise dangerous dogs C. Don’t judge a dog by its breed D. Don’t evaluate a dog by its behavior 【答案】9. C 10. B 11. A 12. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍狗的行为更容易受环境和教养的影响，我们不能通过品种或外形来判断一条狗是否危险，而要根据它们的行为对它们进行个体评估。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Lead author Kathleen Morrill, a Ph. D. candidate at the University of Massachusetts Medical School, and her numerous co-researchers surveyed owners of 18,385 dogs and examined 2,155 dogs’ DNA as part of the citizen science project Darwin’s Ark.(作为公民科学项目“达尔文方舟”的一部分，该研究的主要作者、马萨诸塞大学医学院的博士候选人凯瑟琳·莫里尔(Kathleen Morrill)和她的众多研究人员调查了18385只狗的主人，并检查了2155只狗的DNA)”和第三段中“The information was stored in a large database that was freely shared with researchers around the world. (这些信息存储在一个大型数据库中，与世界各地的研究人员免费共享)”可知，研究人员通过分析大学提供的数据来展开该项目。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Of these behavioral characteristics, biddability and toy affinity were most linked with breeds, but the associations were slight.(在这些行为特征中，顺从性和玩具亲和力与品种联系最密切，但联系不大)”和上文“biddability (also known as response to human training)(顺从性（也称为对人类训练的反应）)”可知，顺从性和玩具亲和力与狗的品种有关，而对人类训练的反应属于顺从性。因此对比选项可知，对人类训练的反应与狗的品种最相关。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““Any dog has the potential to be dangerous, regardless of its size or breed background. Because of this, dogs should not be declared dangerous based on their appearance. Instead, they should be assessed as individuals based on their behavior.”(“任何狗都有潜在的危险，不管它的大小或品种背景如何。正因为如此，狗不应该根据它们的外表就被宣布为危险。相反，应该根据它们的行为对它们进行个体评估。”)”可知，Karlsson认为应该根据狗的行为对它们进行个体评估，再确定是否要宣布它们是危险的。由此推知，Karlsson可能同意每条狗的行为都是独特的。故选A。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据第一段“A dog’s behavior is far more influenced by environment and upbringing, according to a new study published in the journal Science.(根据发表在《科学》杂志上的一项新研究，狗的行为更容易受到环境和教养的影响)”和最后一段“Any dog has the potential to be dangerous, regardless of its size or breed background. Because of this, dogs should not be declared dangerous based on their appearance. (任何狗都有潜在的危险，不管它的大小或品种背景如何。正因为如此，狗不应该根据它们的外表就被宣布为危险)”可知，本文主要介绍狗的行为更容易受环境和教养的影响，我们不能通过品种或外形来判断一条狗是否危险，而要根据它们的行为对它们进行个体评估。因此C项“不要通过品种判定一条狗是否危险”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选C。 D A narrow region of the eastern Pacific Ocean has been getting colder for the past 30 years, challenging global trends and confusing many scientists. Over at least three decades, the region has cooled by roughly half a degree, which has been causing scientists to wonder how long that will hold. The unusual phenomenon, known as the “cold tongue” is affecting a vast area of ocean west of South America. Scientists are not entirely certain what is keeping the “cold tongue” cool. Richard Seager, from the Earth Observatory at Columbia University, said one factor appears to be trade winds in the equatorial (赤道) region, which carry warm water away from the surface, stimulating cooler water to rise. “The trade winds blow from east to west across the tropical Pacific Ocean,” Seager said. “As the waters are driven away from the surface, water flows up from below. And since the waters below the surface are cold, this creates the ‘cold tongue’.” Yet despite the effect of these winds, the “cold tongue” has puzzled scientists, because advanced climate computer models suggest that the waters should have been warming for decades at a faster rate than the rest of the Pacific due to rising greenhouse gas emissions (排放). Pedro DiNezio of the University of Colorado Boulder, considers “It’s the most important unanswered question in climate science”. Scientists can’t predict when it will end or start warming since the cause is unknown. According to New Scientist, this has huge worldwide implications, including determining California’s permanent drought and Australia’s wildfires. More profoundly still, “it could even alter the extent of climate change globally”, the site said, “by understanding how sensitive Earth’s atmosphere is to rising greenhouse gas production”. Despite this, the overall ocean temperatures are rising. Solving the puzzle of the “cold tongue” isn’t about proving climate models wrong. Rather, the “cold tongue” is the last big piece of the puzzle. Fit that in and we can build a more accurate picture of how life will change in a warming world-and how best to prepare for that future. 13. What may be the cause of the “cold tongue”? A. The arrival of ocean currents. B. Trade winds in the equatorial regions. C. The change in the direction of water flow. D. The temperature differences between sea and land. 14. Why are scientists confused about the “cold tongue” phenomenon? A. It has lasted for many years. B. It forms a minor ocean ecosystem. C. It contradicts the global warming trend. D. It mirrors increasing carbon emissions. 15. What makes solving the “cold tongue” puzzle important? A. It can help predict droughts in California. B. It contributes to adjusting ocean temperatures. C. It can help improve the accuracy of climate models. D. It offers insights into dealing with future climate events. 16. What is the purpose of the text? A. To stress the effect of climate change. B. To introduce an unusual phenomenon. C. To explain reasons for strange natural disasters. D. To appeal to people to pay more attention to the ocean. 【答案】13. B 14. C 15. D 16. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了“cold tongue”这个未解之谜，科学家对其成因的猜测，以及解决该问题对人类的意义。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Richard Seager, from the Earth Observatory at Columbia University, said one factor appears to be trade winds in the equatorial (赤道) region, which carry warm water away from the surface, stimulating cooler water to rise. “The trade winds blow from east to west across the tropical Pacific Ocean,” Seager said. “As the waters are driven away from the surface, water flows up from below. And since the waters below the surface are cold, this creates the ‘cold tongue’.”(来自哥伦比亚大学地球观测站的Richard Seager说，一个因素似乎是赤道地区的信风，它将温暖的水从地表带走，刺激较冷的水上升。西格尔说:“信风从东向西吹过热带太平洋。”“当海面的水被吹走时，水就从下面流上来。由于海面以下的水是冷的，这就造成了‘cold tongue’。”)”和第三段的“Yet despite the effect of these winds(然而，尽管有这些风的影响)”可知， cold tongue的形成因素可能是赤道地区的信风。故选B。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Yet despite the effect of these winds, the “cold tongue” has puzzled scientists, because advanced climate computer models suggest that the waters should have been warming for decades at a taster rate than the rest of the Pacific due to rising greenhouse gas emissions (排放).(然而，尽管有这些风的影响，“cold tongue”还是让科学家们感到困惑，因为先进的气候计算机模型表明，由于温室气体排放的增加，几十年来，该水域的变暖速度应该比太平洋其他地区更快)”可知， “cold tongue”让科学家困惑，是因为这种现象与全球变暖的趋势相矛盾。故选C。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Rather, the “cold tongue” is the last big piece of the puzzle. Fit that in and we can build a more accurate picture of how life will change in a warming world-and how best to prepare for that future.(相反，“冷舌”是最后一块拼图。考虑到这一点，我们就可以更准确地描绘出在一个变暖的世界里生命将如何变化，以及如何最好地为未来做准备)”可知，解决 “cold tongue”这个谜题很重要，是因为它提供了应对未来气候事件的见解，可以让人们为未来做最好的准备。故选D。 【16题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，并根据第一段“A narrow region of the eastern Pacific Ocean has been getting colder for the past 30 years, challenging global trends and confusing many scientists. Over at least three decades, the region has cooled by roughly half a degree, which has been causing scientists to wonder how long that will hold.(东太平洋的一个狭窄区域在过去30年里一直在变冷，这挑战了全球趋势，也让许多科学家感到困惑。在至少30年的时间里，该地区已经冷却了大约半度，这让科学家们想知道这种情况还能持续多久)”可知，本文主要介绍了“cold tongue”这个未解之谜，科学家对其成因的猜测，以及解决该问题对人类的意义。由此推知，本文的目的是给读者介绍一种不同寻常的现象——cold tongue。故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Reasons why you should learn how to surf It gives you an exciting experience. The feeling of riding the waves is one you can never describe until you have experienced it. While surfing, you’ll be in a peaceful state as you wait for the next big wave. It can be difficult to explain why, but the whole experience is indeed calm and exciting at the same time.____17____, as if you’re running away from all your worries in life. It’s good exercise. Surfing is a physically challenging sport that requires you to use your entire body, making it almost an extreme fitness activity. Every surfing session will certainly make you exercise your whole body. So, expect to have aching muscles after your first surfing session. ____18____ It helps build your confidence. There is no denying the fact that healthy and fit people are confident with their bodies.____19____Nevertheless, surfing promotes confidence that isn’t necessarily rooted in how you look or boost your ego (自我). It takes time to learn and even master. ____20____ Learning a new skill with a group leads to a sense of accomplishment, and learning how to surf is no different. Although it’s natural to go surfing alone at times, no surfer has surfed without acquaintances (熟人), friends, or club mates. It’s a given for people who surf to share experiences with others, both locally and globally. It gives you moments with nature. Like some other sports, surfing allows you to have time with nature.____21____With surfing, you’re able to observe nature from a different viewpoint. This is an ideal time to be one with nature, so grab the chance to broaden your horizons (视野) as a part of this beautiful planet we live on. A. These two qualities come hand in hand B. It allows you to grow your social circle C. Surfing also gives you a sense of freedom D. Don’t worry, though, as this feeling is entirely natural E. It has a rich and varied history and contemporary culture F. That will translate to how you handle your personal and professional life G. When people learn to surf, they become more connected with the natural environment 【答案】17. C 18. D 19. A 20. B 21. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学习冲浪的几个理由。 【17题详解】 上文“It can be difficult to explain why, but the whole experience is indeed calm and exciting at the same time.(这可能很难解释为什么，但整个经历确实是平静和兴奋的)”指出冲浪给人平静和兴奋的感觉；根据下文“as if you’re running away from all your worries in life.(就好像你在远离生活中的烦恼)”可知，冲浪还能给人自由的感觉，就好像远离了生活中的烦恼。C项“Surfing also gives you a sense of freedom(冲浪也给你一种自由的感觉)”符合题意，与上下文承接自然。故选C。 【18题详解】 空处位于段尾，应总结上文。根据上文“Surfing is a physically challenging sport that requires you to use your entire body, making it almost an extreme fitness activity. Every surfing session will certainly make you exercise your whole body. So, expect to have aching muscles after your first surfing session.(冲浪是一项挑战身体的运动，需要你使用你的整个身体，使它几乎是一项极限健身活动。每次冲浪都能锻炼你的全身。所以，在你第一次冲浪后，你会感到肌肉酸痛)”可知，冲浪几乎是一次极限运动，需要投入整个身体，因此第一次冲浪后感到肌肉酸痛是非常正常的。D项“不过别担心，这种感觉是很自然的”符合题意，承接上文，“this feeling”指上文提到的“have aching muscles”。故选D。 【19题详解】 根据上文“There is no denying the fact that healthy and fit people are confident with their bodies.(不可否认，健康的人对自己的身体很有信心)”可知，只有健康了才会对自己的身体有信心，即这两者是相辅相成的。A项“这两个特质是相辅相成的”符合题意，these two quatities指上文提到的healthy and fit people are confident with their bodies。故选A。 【20题详解】 空处为本段小标题。根据下文“Learning a new skill with a group leads to a sense of accomplishment, and learning how to surf is no different. Although it’s natural to go surfing alone at times, no surfer has surfed without acquaintances (熟人), friends, or club mates. It’s a given for people who surf to share experiences with others, both locally and globally.(和一群人一起学习一项新技能会带来成就感，学习冲浪也不例外。虽然有时独自冲浪是很自然的，但没有一个冲浪者是在没有熟人、朋友或俱乐部成员的情况下冲浪的。对于冲浪爱好者来说，这是一种与他人分享经验的方式，无论是在本地还是在全球)”可知，冲浪很多时候是和其他人一起的，可以相互分享经验；由此可知，冲浪可以扩大人们的社交圈。B项“它可以扩大你的社交圈”符合题意，可总结本段，“social circle”呼应下文“share experiences with others, both locally and globally”。故选B。 【21题详解】 根据小标题“It gives you moments with nature.(它让你与大自然亲密接触)”可知，空处内容与冲浪让人们和大自然接触有关。G项“当人们学习冲浪时，他们与自然环境的联系更加紧密”符合题意，“natural environment”呼应标题中“nature”。故选G。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I have to admit I’m an old-school reader. Put simply, I ___22___old books. Alone in a new city to ___23___my first daily newspaper job, I was feeling vaguely anxious as I dipped into a used bookstore to___24___my mind. The shelves, full of the smell of the past, quickly___25___me. One of the occupational hazards (职业病) of journalism, my chosen___26___, is a desire to stay on top of the Next Big Thing. With their cracked spines (书脊) and yellowed___27___, the titles in the shop usefully pointed me toward the longer view. “No___28___to get too worked up over today’s headline,” they seemed to say. “ There is not much ___29___ under the sun.” Francis Bacon’s essays are always a ready antidote (解药). “Prosperity (繁荣) is not without many___30___ and dislikes,” Bacon wrote, and“___31___ is not without comforts and hopes.” For me, that comfort and hope often come from a second-hand___32___. Reading deeply from the past can be at least as___33___ as following the day’s news. Don’t ___34___ missing out on the___35___ gossip. All matters of fact, which a man did not___36___ before, are news to him. 22. A. buy B. love C. recommend D. hate 23. A. stop B. lose C. keep D. take 24. A. relieve B. change C. train D. feed 25. A. disappointed B. surprised C. calmed D. stressed 26. A. freedom B. profession C. company D. action 27. A. books B. words C. lines D. pages 28. A. need B. wonder C. doubt D. question 29. A. amazing B. interesting C. new D. dull 30. A. inspirations B. fears C. amusements D. strengths 31. A. ownership B. relationship C. friendship D. hardship 32. A. book B. computer C. chair D. shop 33. A. mind-blowing B. doubtful C. instructive D. breathtaking 34. A. reflect on B. worry about C. take up D. dream of 35. A. silly B. common C. best D. latest 36. A. know B. hear C. research D. confirm 【答案】22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D 36. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者是个老派的读者。喜欢旧书。独自到陌生城市从事日报工作，从原来对头条渴望的职业病到感慨对人们来说，以前不知道的一切事实，都是新闻。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：简单地说，我喜欢旧书。A. buy购买； B. love热爱； C. recommend 推荐；D. hate痛恨。根据“I’m an old-school reader”可知，作者爱读旧书。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我独自一人来到一个陌生的城市，开始了我的第一份日报工作，当我走进一家旧书店来放松心情时，我隐约感到焦虑。A. stop停止； B. lose失去； C. keep保持； D. take从事。根据“my first daily newspaper job”可知，作者独自到新城市开始自己的第一份工作。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我独自一人来到一个陌生的城市，开始了我的第一份日报工作，当我走进一家旧书店来放松心情时，我隐约感到焦虑。A. relieve 如释重负； B. change改变； C. train培训； D. feed喂养。根据“ I dipped into a used bookstore ”可知，作者独自到新城市开始自己的第一份工作，有一天去书店放松心情。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：书架上，满是往日的气息，迅速使我平静下来。A.disappointed使失望的； B. surprised 使惊讶的； C. calmed使平静； D. stressed使受压力。根据“full of the smell of the past”可知，作者爱读旧书，所以书架上的旧书让她平静。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我所选择的新闻业的职业病之一，就是渴望掌握“下一个大事件”的前沿。A. freedom自由； B. profession职业； C. company陪伴； D. action行动。根据“my first daily newspaper job”可知，作者选择了新闻业作职业。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：书店里那些书脊开裂、书页发黄的书名有力地指引着我从长远的角度看问题。A. books书籍； B. words单词 ； C. lines线； D. pages书页 。根据“With their cracked spines (书脊)”可知，旧书书脊开裂、书页泛黄。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“没必要为今天的头条太激动，”他们似乎在说。“太阳底下没有什么新鲜事。”。A. need需要； B. wonder好奇； C. doubt怀疑； D. question问题。根据“ There is not much ____under the sun.””可知，没必要为今天的头条太激动。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“没必要为今天的头条太激动，”他们似乎在说。“太阳底下没有什么新鲜事。”。A. amazing令人惊叹的； B. interesting有趣的； C. new新的； D. dull枯燥的。根据“today’s headline”可知，太阳底下没什么新鲜事意思是现在正在发生的、将来还会发生。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“昌盛不是没有很多恐惧与厌恶，”培根写到“逆境也不是没有安慰与希望”。A. inspirations鼓舞； B. fears恐惧； C. amusements好笑； D. strengths优点 。根据“and dislikes”可知，与厌恶表示并列的名词，通过对比选项是贬义词恐惧。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“昌盛不是没有很多恐惧与厌恶，”培根写到“逆境也不是没有安慰与希望”。A. ownership拥有权； B. relationship关系； C. friendship友谊； D. hardship困难。根据“Prosperity (繁荣)”可知，在逆境中也会有安慰与希望。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，那种安慰和希望往往来自一本二手书。A. book书籍； B. computer 电脑； C. chair椅子；D. shop商店。根据“I’m an old-school reader”可知，作者爱读旧书。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：深入阅读过去至少可以像关注当天的新闻一样有教育意义。A. mind-blowing 令人兴奋的； B. doubtful怀疑的； C. instructive有教育意义的； D. breathtaking惊人的。根据“For me, that comfort and hope often come from a second-hand11”可知，阅读和了解当天的新闻都可以是教育意义的。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：不要担心错过最新的八卦。A. reflect on 反思； B. worry about 担忧 ； C. take up从事； D. dream of梦想。“missing out on the　　14　 gossip”可知，不因为错过头条八卦而担忧。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不要担心错过最新的八卦。A. silly愚蠢的； B. common普通的； C. best最好的； D. latest最新的。根据“today’s headline,”可知，最新的八卦新闻。故选D。 【36题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个人以前不知道的一切事实，对他来说都是新闻。A. know知道； B. hear听到； C. research 研究； D. confirm确认。根据“are news to him.”可知，以前不知道的事情对人们来说都是新闻。故选A。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 ___37___ internet technology expanding every day, it is hard to keep up with the innovative software that keeps popping up on a regular basis. ___38___ Bitcoin was first introduced in 2009, it is still a relatively new player in the online payment system. What makes this internet payment network so special is its ___39___ (unique). It makes it possible to transfer Bitcoin currency from one peer to another quickly and effectively. The processing fees are very low and you can make worldwide payments in minutes. Bitcoin is a digital currency that is bought, sold and transferred between fellow ___40___ (use) of the same payment network. The process begins when the prospective member downloads the software to their computer or phone. Once you ___41___ (complete) this process you will receive a Bitcoin address. The address is used to send you payments for goods or services rendered. This currency can also ___42___ (buy) on a market exchange. You can sell your bitcoins at this exchange as well. The unique thing about this payment network is that the currency is decentralized. It is not owned or controlled by any bank or ___43___ (finance) institution. It is not insured by the FDIC. It is open to anyone that wants to become a member. More and more merchants ___44___ (accept) this digital currency for their goods or services. There is no risk and the encryption process is very effective. The following shows how the bitcoin works. You install a wallet on your computer or phone. You receive your new IP address. Then you begin accumulating bitcoins through purchase or transactions. All transactions on the payment network are stored in a Block Chain, which is nothing more than a ___45___ (share) public ledger. Bitcoins are transferred instantly and is verified mathematically by the network. Currency is transferred from one wallet to another quickly, safely, and securely. The Bitcoin mining process is ___46___ the transactions are constantly stored in the block chain and then verified by the computer. 【答案】37. With 38. Although 39. uniqueness 40. users 41. have completed 42. be bought 43. financial 44. are accepting 45. shared 46. where 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了什么是比特币以及它的原理。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：随着互联网技术的不断发展，人们很难跟上经常出现的创新软件的步伐。根据句意可知，此处表达“随着...”之意，所以应该用with引导的复合结构，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填With。 【38题详解】 考查状语从句连接词。句意：尽管比特币于2009年首次推出，但在在线支付系统中，它仍然是一个相对较新的参与者。根据句意可知，“Bitcoin was first introduced in 2009”和“it is still a relatively new player in the online payment system”两句间是转折关系，所以此处应该用although引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Although。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：让这个互联网支付网络如此特别的是它的独特性。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词性物主代词，空处应填名词，unique的名词形式是uniqueness。故填uniqueness。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：比特币是一种数字货币，可以在同一支付网络的其他用户之间购买、出售和转移。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词fellow，所以空处应填名词，根据句意，此处表达的是使用者之意，所以应用use的指人的名词形式，用user，为可数名词，此处用复数形式。故填users。 【41题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：一旦你完成了这个过程，你将收到一个比特币地址。分析句子结构可知，此处是once引导的时间状语从句，从句缺少谓语动词，所以complete作从句的谓语，根据句意可知，描述的是过去发生的事，对将来的影响，又因once引导的时间状语从句，从句要用现在时表示将来意义，所以用现在完成时。故填have completed。 【42题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：这种货币也可以在市场交易所买到。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以buy作本句谓语，和主语currency之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，空前是情态动词can，后接动词原形。故填be bought。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它不被任何银行或金融机构拥有或控制。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词institution，所以空处应填形容词作定语，finance的形容词形式是financial。故填financial。 【44题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：越来越多的商家接受这种数字货币来支付他们的商品或服务。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以accept作本句谓语，和主语merchants之间是主动关系，此处描述的是现在正在发生的状态，应该用现在进行时。故填are accepting。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：支付网络上的所有交易都存储在区块链中，区块链只不过是一个共享的公共账本。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词a，空后是名词ledger，所以空处应填形容词，又share和ledger之间是被动关系，所以应该用v-ed形式。故填shared。 【46题详解】 考查表语从句连接词。句意：比特币挖矿过程是将交易不断存储在区块链中，然后由计算机进行验证。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中主要结构完整，应该用that或者连接副词引导，根据句意，从句中缺少地点状语，应该用where引导。故填where。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 47. 假定你是李华,你校英语俱乐部拟邀请David Brown教授来做一个关于英国节日文化的讲座。请用英语写一份主持该讲座的开场白，内容包括： 1．活动目的； 2．介绍 David 教授； 3．听讲座要求。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Boys and girls, May I have your attention, please? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Boys and girls, May I have your attention, please? Festivals help to open doors to many interesting activities and various aspects of culture. To deepen our understanding of British festivals and culture, we are gathered here today to attend the lecture by Professor David Brown. He is an expert in British festivals and culture, who is currently hosting a series of lectures on cross - cultural communication at Zhejiang University. Please be polite while listening. Turn off all electronic devices and don’t talk unless invited. Now, let’s welcome Professor David and start our cultural journey . 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生用英语写一份主持讲座的开场白。内容包括： 1．活动目的； 2．介绍 David 教授； 3．听讲座要求。 【详解】1.词汇积累 多种多样的：various → diverse 加深：deepen → improve 演讲：lecture → speech 专家：expert →authority 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To deepen our understanding of British festivals and culture, we are gathered here today to attend the lecture by Professor David Brown. 拓展句：We are gathered here today to attend the lecture by Professor David Brown, in order that we can deepen our understanding of British festivals and culture, 【点睛】【高分句型1】He is an expert in British festivals and culture, who is currently hosting a series of lectures on cross - cultural communication at Zhejiang University.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Please be polite while listening.（运用了时间状语从句的省略，省略了we are） 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 48. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Mason followed his mother to the market as usual. It was a thing he enjoyed because the market was such an exciting place. There was always something interesting to see. That day, Mason caught sight of a middle-aged man with untidy hair and old clothes. He was a beggar. He held out a wooden bowl and passers-by dropped in coins. Mason’s mother put a small coin into the bowl as she passed him by. His eyes followed the mother and son as they set off for home. As Mason and his mother turned into the narrow path that led to their house, he suddenly realized that the beggar was following them. Mason told his mother about it. Alarmed, she quickened her steps and as soon as they got inside their house, she locked it. Mason peered out the window and saw the beggar sitting on the ground near the gate. Why did the beggar follow them? Mason wished he knew. After a couple of hours, Mason’s mother became concerned for the poor beggar. He had not moved from his spot. She gathered up her courage and went to ask the beggar to leave. But the beggar merely looked at her with a gentle smile. Worried that he would fall ill with no food and water, she sent Mason to give him a bowl of rice and vegetables and some tea. The beggar ate and drank. Then he lay down under a tree to sleep. Mason’s mother was at a loss as to what else to do. She was just a poor woman with a young son. Since the beggar refused to leave, she and Mason built a little shelter for him. He seemed content with whatever they gave him. A week passed and one day, Mason found the beggar gone. Mason and his mother searched for him but he was nowhere to be found. They didn’t know what had happened to him. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Two days later, a car stopped outside Mason’s house and a well-dressed man got out. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The rich man who had pretended to be the beggar took out a large sum of money. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: Two days later, a car stopped outside Mason’s house and a well-dressed man got out. He introduced himself as the lawyer representing Mr. Cheong. He explained that Mr. Cheong wanted to repay Mason and his mother for taking care of him. Mr. Cheong was a millionare who had been once homeless. Now that he was rich, he liked to look for deserving people to help. When he, making himself a beggar, met someone who was kind to him, he would give that person a sum of money. And then, the beggar appeared. Paragraph 2: The rich man who had pretended to be the beggar took out a large sum of money. He wanted to give Mason and his mother the money because they had been kind to him. Mason and his mother couldn’t believe their good fortune. They treated the beggar well out of sympathy. They never expected to be so richly rewarded. How could they use the sum of money Mr. Cheong gave? “Granny can be saved from her serious illness…”“Mason, you can go to college in time!” Mason and his mother both cried, smiling. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一对母子在去市场的路上施舍了一个头发蓬乱、衣着破旧的乞丐，他们回家时却被乞丐尾随。母亲回到家又施舍给他一些食物和水，乞丐躺在母子俩家门口的树下睡觉。由于乞丐拒绝离开，母子为他建立了一个小住所。乞丐对于他们给予的任何东西都很满意。一周之后，乞丐不见了。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“两天后，一辆汽车停在梅森的房子外面，一个穿着体面的男人走了下来。”可知，第一段可描写律师找到他们并解释说那个乞丐是一位曾经无家可归的百万富翁，而且他想报答梅森和他的母亲。 ②由第二段首句内容“那个假装成乞丐的富人拿出了一大笔钱。”可知，第二段可描写那个“乞丐”想给梅森和他母亲一笔钱，因为他们之前对他很好，梅森和他的母亲不敢相信这个事实以及这笔钱会大大改善他们的生活。 2.续写线索：律师出现——解释乞丐的真实身份——获赠巨款——不敢相信——改变生活 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①.照顾：take care of/look after ②.报答：repay /reward ③.相信：believe / have faith in 情绪类 ①.友善的：kind / friendly/ amicable ②.慷慨地：richly / generously 【点睛】[高分句型1]. Mr. Cheong was a millionare who had been once homeless.(运用了关系代词who引导的定语从句) [高分句型2]. Now that he was rich, he liked to look for deserving people to help.(now that引导原因状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 江苏省扬州中学联培部2025届高三一模考试 英语（英才E） 满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Before joining the WNBA, Napheesa Collier won a national championship as a key player during the University of Connecticut’s undefeated 2016 season. Collier is also on another team: She’s an Eco Athletes champion. Eco Athletes is a nonprofit launched just over a year ago, with the mission to inspire and coach athletes to lead climate action. In its first year, 34 current and retired professional athletes have joined the team, from a wide range of sports and countries. “My teammates and I talk about a lot of issues, but we haven’t gotten into it on climate yet,” says Collier. “Two things my teammates do talk about are racial and economic injustice. I know that climate change makes these issues much more difficult to deal with. I hope Eco Athletes can help me bring people’s attention to it and to act on positive solutions. ” Although there’s a long history of athletes taking a stand on social justice issues, they have been more hesitant to speak out about climate change for a number of reasons, explains Lewis Blaustein, the founder of Eco Athletes. “First, some athletes prefer to not publicly engage in polities, which is common to a range of advocacy work. Second, when it comes to climate, athletes worried about communicating the science poorly. Finally, fears of being labeled a ‘climate fake(冒充者)’also stood in the way. ” To overcome these challenges, Eco Athletes offers athletes access to a resource center and organizes events for athletes to learn from climate scientists and other climate experts. In turn, athletes can share their passion for the environment with their fans, get involved in more direct action and even advocate for policy change. “A lot of it is trying to educate our followers and talk about climate change,” says Collier. “Caring about the Earth shouldn’t be a hobby or an identity, but a responsibility that everyone recognizes as their own. Once that happens, sustainability will become a value in everyday decision making and all those actions will add up. ” 1. Why was Eco Athletes set up? A. To promote eco-friendly sports. B. To provide a platform for world leaders. C. To appeal to athletes to take climate action. D. To inspire coaches to lead climate activities. 2. Which of the following may prevent athletes from engaging in climate issues? A. High economic pressure. B. Lack of related knowledge. C. Poor interpersonal relationships. D. Worry about breaking sports rules. 3. What will athletes get from joining Eco Athletes? A. Access to sports skills. B. Ways to attract followers. C. Chances to learn climate science. D. Rights to draft climate policies. 4. What can we learn from the text? A. Responsibility falls on climate experts. B. Greatness comes from small beginnings. C. The spirits of sports make great athletes. D. Active engagement makes a difference. B No one likes interruption. We are born to seek balance and order. No matter what it is that you are doing, being interrupted involves a forceful stop midway and then having to re-enter your previous state, sometimes with great difficulty. Popular belief has it that interruption breaks the flow of your thinking and affects productivity negatively, and so it is advisable that you have an uninterrupted session of intensive work before your next break. However, a Russian psychologist, Bluma Zeigarnik, might tell you otherwise. The connection between interruption and memory came to her attention when she was dining in a restaurant. She noticed how the waitresses had an amazing memory of the detailed orders yet to be paid for, but scarce memory of the orders that were already completed. Back in her laboratory, she conducted studies in which subjects were required to complete various puzzles. Some of the subjects were interrupted during the tasks. All the subjects were then asked to describe what tasks they had done. It turns out that adults remembered the interrupted tasks 90% better than the completed tasks, and that children were even more likely to recall the uncompleted tasks. In other words, uncompleted tasks will stay on your mind until you finish them! In comparison to tasks that were already finished and ones that we haven’t even started, half-done projects are given the priority in the mental to-do list our brains sketch out for us. Zeigarnik described this finding in her doctoral thesis (论文) in the late 1920s, which was later called Zeigarnik effect. One possible explanation is that with interrupted tasks, we are desperate for their closure to reclaim a sense of balance. Finishing them also means that we can finally clear up the mental backlog (积压的工作) and give the space to more upcoming tasks. Zeigarnik’s effect can be found everywhere, especially used in media and advertising. Have you ever wondered why cliffhangers work so well or why you just can’t get yourself to stop watching that series on Netflix? Ernest Hemingway once said about writing a novel, “It is the wait until the next day that is hard to get through.” So next time, when you are interrupted, appreciate it and take advantage of it to promote your productivity. 5. What is a common practice to finish a task? A. Working in a focused period. B. Working with occasional breaks. C. Working with a stop midway. D. Working in an interrupted session. 6. What is the finding of the Zeigarnik’s experiment? A. Interruption recalls details. B. Interruption betters memory. C. Interruption disturbs balance. D. Interruption reduces productivity. 7. Which of the following is an example of the application of Zeigarnik’s effect? A. Fashion shows. B. Online news. C. Talk shows. D. TV series. 8. What is the possible reason behind Zeigarnik’s effect? A. The desire for balance. B. The physical backlog. C. The outside pressure. D. The upcoming tasks. C A dog’s behavior is far more influenced by environment and upbringing, according to a new study published in the journal Science. Lead author Kathleen Morrill, a Ph. D. candidate at the University of Massachusetts Medical School, and her numerous co-researchers surveyed owners of 18,385 dogs and examined 2,155 dogs’ DNA as part of the citizen science project Darwin’s Ark. For the project, participants were given a battery of surveys to fill out about their dogs. They then received a DNA kit to collect their dogs’ saliva (唾液) and send it back to the lab for DNA testing. The information was stored in a large database that was freely shared with researchers around the world. In return, curious dog owners were sent a DNA and breed (品种) profile of their dogs. With the data provided to them by citizen scientists, Morrill and her team presented a number of interesting findings, but the biggest was this: Breeds offer little predictive value for individuals, explaining just 9% of variation in behavior. The researchers broke down dog behavior into eight categories: comfort level around humans, case of stimulation or excitement, affinity (喜爱) toward toys, biddability (also known as response to human training), how easily the dog is affected by a frightening stimulus, comfort level around other dogs, engagement with the environment, and desire to be close to humans. Of these behavioral characteristics, biddability and toy affinity were most linked with breeds, but the associations were slight. The study’s findings call into question laws that target specific, supposedly “dangerous”, breeds. More than 900 cities in the U.S. currently have some breed-specific laws. “We now have demonstrated that breed-specific laws are ineffective at protecting the public or reducing dog attacks,” Elinor Karlsson, a senior author of the study, said. “Any dog has the potential to be dangerous, regardless of its size or breed background. Because of this, dogs should not be declared dangerous based on their appearance. Instead, they should be assessed as individuals based on their behavior.” 9. How did the researchers carry out the project? A. By using survey responses. B. By interviewing dog owners face to face. C. By analyzing the data offered by the university. D. By comparing breed profiles of different dogs. 10. Which of the following is most related to breeds? A. Engagement with the environment. B. Response to human training. C. Ease of stimulation or excitement. D. Comfort level around humans. 11. Which statement did Karlsson agree with? A. A dog’s behavior is more individualistic. B. Breed-specific laws should be carried out effectively. C. Dog attacks have posed a deadly threat to humans. D. Categorizing dogs should be based on their appearance. 12. What is the best title for the text? A. Don’t ignore your dogs B. Don’t raise dangerous dogs C. Don’t judge a dog by its breed D. Don’t evaluate a dog by its behavior D A narrow region of the eastern Pacific Ocean has been getting colder for the past 30 years, challenging global trends and confusing many scientists. Over at least three decades, the region has cooled by roughly half a degree, which has been causing scientists to wonder how long that will hold. The unusual phenomenon, known as the “cold tongue” is affecting a vast area of ocean west of South America. Scientists are not entirely certain what is keeping the “cold tongue” cool. Richard Seager, from the Earth Observatory at Columbia University, said one factor appears to be trade winds in the equatorial (赤道) region, which carry warm water away from the surface, stimulating cooler water to rise. “The trade winds blow from east to west across the tropical Pacific Ocean,” Seager said. “As the waters are driven away from the surface, water flows up from below. And since the waters below the surface are cold, this creates the ‘cold tongue’.” Yet despite the effect of these winds, the “cold tongue” has puzzled scientists, because advanced climate computer models suggest that the waters should have been warming for decades at a faster rate than the rest of the Pacific due to rising greenhouse gas emissions (排放). Pedro DiNezio of the University of Colorado Boulder, considers “It’s the most important unanswered question in climate science”. Scientists can’t predict when it will end or start warming since the cause is unknown. According to New Scientist, this has huge worldwide implications, including determining California’s permanent drought and Australia’s wildfires. More profoundly still, “it could even alter the extent of climate change globally”, the site said, “by understanding how sensitive Earth’s atmosphere is to rising greenhouse gas production”. Despite this, the overall ocean temperatures are rising. Solving the puzzle of the “cold tongue” isn’t about proving climate models wrong. Rather, the “cold tongue” is the last big piece of the puzzle. Fit that in and we can build a more accurate picture of how life will change in a warming world-and how best to prepare for that future. 13. What may be the cause of the “cold tongue”? A. The arrival of ocean currents. B. Trade winds in the equatorial regions. C. The change in the direction of water flow. D. The temperature differences between sea and land. 14. Why are scientists confused about the “cold tongue” phenomenon? A. It has lasted for many years. B. It forms a minor ocean ecosystem. C. It contradicts the global warming trend. D. It mirrors increasing carbon emissions. 15. What makes solving the “cold tongue” puzzle important? A. It can help predict droughts in California. B. It contributes to adjusting ocean temperatures. C. It can help improve the accuracy of climate models. D. It offers insights into dealing with future climate events. 16. What is the purpose of the text? A. To stress the effect of climate change. B. To introduce an unusual phenomenon. C. To explain reasons for strange natural disasters. D. To appeal to people to pay more attention to the ocean. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Reasons why you should learn how to surf It gives you an exciting experience. The feeling of riding the waves is one you can never describe until you have experienced it. While surfing, you’ll be in a peaceful state as you wait for the next big wave. It can be difficult to explain why, but the whole experience is indeed calm and exciting at the same time.____17____, as if you’re running away from all your worries in life. It’s good exercise. Surfing is a physically challenging sport that requires you to use your entire body, making it almost an extreme fitness activity. Every surfing session will certainly make you exercise your whole body. So, expect to have aching muscles after your first surfing session. ____18____ It helps build your confidence. There is no denying the fact that healthy and fit people are confident with their bodies.____19____Nevertheless, surfing promotes confidence that isn’t necessarily rooted in how you look or boost your ego (自我). It takes time to learn and even master. ____20____ Learning a new skill with a group leads to a sense of accomplishment, and learning how to surf is no different. Although it’s natural to go surfing alone at times, no surfer has surfed without acquaintances (熟人), friends, or club mates. It’s a given for people who surf to share experiences with others, both locally and globally. It gives you moments with nature. Like some other sports, surfing allows you to have time with nature.____21____With surfing, you’re able to observe nature from a different viewpoint. This is an ideal time to be one with nature, so grab the chance to broaden your horizons (视野) as a part of this beautiful planet we live on. A. These two qualities come hand in hand B. It allows you to grow your social circle C. Surfing also gives you a sense of freedom D. Don’t worry, though, as this feeling is entirely natural E. It has a rich and varied history and contemporary culture F. That will translate to how you handle your personal and professional life G. When people learn to surf, they become more connected with the natural environment 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I have to admit I’m an old-school reader. Put simply, I ___22___old books. Alone in a new city to ___23___my first daily newspaper job, I was feeling vaguely anxious as I dipped into a used bookstore to___24___my mind. The shelves, full of the smell of the past, quickly___25___me. One of the occupational hazards (职业病) of journalism, my chosen___26___, is a desire to stay on top of the Next Big Thing. With their cracked spines (书脊) and yellowed___27___, the titles in the shop usefully pointed me toward the longer view. “No___28___to get too worked up over today’s headline,” they seemed to say. “ There is not much ___29___ under the sun.” Francis Bacon’s essays are always a ready antidote (解药). “Prosperity (繁荣) is not without many___30___ and dislikes,” Bacon wrote, and“___31___ is not without comforts and hopes.” For me, that comfort and hope often come from a second-hand___32___. Reading deeply from the past can be at least as___33___ as following the day’s news. Don’t ___34___ missing out on the___35___ gossip. All matters of fact, which a man did not___36___ before, are news to him. 22. A. buy B. love C. recommend D. hate 23. A. stop B. lose C. keep D. take 24. A. relieve B. change C. train D. feed 25. A. disappointed B. surprised C. calmed D. stressed 26. A. freedom B. profession C. company D. action 27. A. books B. words C. lines D. pages 28. A. need B. wonder C. doubt D. question 29. A. amazing B. interesting C. new D. dull 30. A. inspirations B. fears C. amusements D. strengths 31. A. ownership B. relationship C. friendship D. hardship 32. A. book B. computer C. chair D. shop 33. A. mind-blowing B. doubtful C. instructive D. breathtaking 34. A. reflect on B. worry about C. take up D. dream of 35. A. silly B. common C. best D. latest 36. A. know B. hear C. research D. confirm 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 ___37___ internet technology expanding every day, it is hard to keep up with the innovative software that keeps popping up on a regular basis. ___38___ Bitcoin was first introduced in 2009, it is still a relatively new player in the online payment system. What makes this internet payment network so special is its ___39___ (unique). It makes it possible to transfer Bitcoin currency from one peer to another quickly and effectively. The processing fees are very low and you can make worldwide payments in minutes. Bitcoin is a digital currency that is bought, sold and transferred between fellow ___40___ (use) of the same payment network. The process begins when the prospective member downloads the software to their computer or phone. Once you ___41___ (complete) this process you will receive a Bitcoin address. The address is used to send you payments for goods or services rendered. This currency can also ___42___ (buy) on a market exchange. You can sell your bitcoins at this exchange as well. The unique thing about this payment network is that the currency is decentralized. It is not owned or controlled by any bank or ___43___ (finance) institution. It is not insured by the FDIC. It is open to anyone that wants to become a member. More and more merchants ___44___ (accept) this digital currency for their goods or services. There is no risk and the encryption process is very effective. The following shows how the bitcoin works. You install a wallet on your computer or phone. You receive your new IP address. Then you begin accumulating bitcoins through purchase or transactions. All transactions on the payment network are stored in a Block Chain, which is nothing more than a ___45___ (share) public ledger. Bitcoins are transferred instantly and is verified mathematically by the network. Currency is transferred from one wallet to another quickly, safely, and securely. The Bitcoin mining process is ___46___ the transactions are constantly stored in the block chain and then verified by the computer. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 47. 假定你是李华,你校英语俱乐部拟邀请David Brown教授来做一个关于英国节日文化的讲座。请用英语写一份主持该讲座的开场白，内容包括： 1．活动目的； 2．介绍 David 教授； 3．听讲座要求。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Boys and girls, May I have your attention, please? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 48. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Mason followed his mother to the market as usual. It was a thing he enjoyed because the market was such an exciting place. There was always something interesting to see. That day, Mason caught sight of a middle-aged man with untidy hair and old clothes. He was a beggar. He held out a wooden bowl and passers-by dropped in coins. Mason’s mother put a small coin into the bowl as she passed him by. His eyes followed the mother and son as they set off for home. As Mason and his mother turned into the narrow path that led to their house, he suddenly realized that the beggar was following them. Mason told his mother about it. Alarmed, she quickened her steps and as soon as they got inside their house, she locked it. Mason peered out the window and saw the beggar sitting on the ground near the gate. Why did the beggar follow them? Mason wished he knew. After a couple of hours, Mason’s mother became concerned for the poor beggar. He had not moved from his spot. She gathered up her courage and went to ask the beggar to leave. But the beggar merely looked at her with a gentle smile. Worried that he would fall ill with no food and water, she sent Mason to give him a bowl of rice and vegetables and some tea. The beggar ate and drank. Then he lay down under a tree to sleep. Mason’s mother was at a loss as to what else to do. She was just a poor woman with a young son. Since the beggar refused to leave, she and Mason built a little shelter for him. He seemed content with whatever they gave him. A week passed and one day, Mason found the beggar gone. Mason and his mother searched for him but he was nowhere to be found. They didn’t know what had happened to him. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Two days later, a car stopped outside Mason’s house and a well-dressed man got out. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The rich man who had pretended to be the beggar took out a large sum of money. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $