Unit 1 People of Achievement 教材回归课文填空-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第一册

2026-08-07
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学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册
年级 高二
章节 Unit 1 People of Achievement
类型 题集-专项训练
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-单元练习
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
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发布时间 2026-08-07
更新时间 2026-08-07
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审核时间 2026-08-06
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摘要:

**基本信息** 基于单元主题“People of Achievement”,通过四模块课文语境语法填空,系统覆盖语法、词汇及固定搭配,强化语言能力与文化意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |Section1|40空(屠呦呦事迹)|Reading and Thinking课文语法填空|聚焦非谓语动词、从句引导词等语法点,依托人物事迹构建语境| |Section2|40空(爱因斯坦生平)|Using Language课文语法填空|强化时态语态、词性转换,结合科学家生平深化语言应用| |Section3|45空(鲁迅等人物)|词汇与结构综合填空|整合固定搭配与长难句分析,通过多人物案例拓展文化认知| |Section4|35空(单元综合)|单元主题整合填空|融合前序模块考点,实现从单篇到单元知识的逻辑迁移|

内容正文:

人教英语(2019)选择性必修一课文填空(U1)--练习+答案与解析 Unit 1 People of Achievement Section1:【Reading and Thinking】(P2-3) TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE 6 October 2015 This year’s Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner), ____1___research led to the __2____ (discover) of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria. Artemisinin has saved hundreds of thousands of lives, and has led to improved health for millions of people. Over 200 million people around the world get malaria each year, and about 600, 000 die from it. Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought ____3__ (save) 100, 000 lives a year in Africa alone. Tu Youyou, a ___4___ (commit) and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, and graduated ___5___ Peking University Medical School in 1955. After she graduated, she worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing. In 1967, the Chinese government ___6__ (form) a team of scientists with the __7___ (object) of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers ___8___ (chosen) . In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, ___9___ malaria was more common, ___10____ (study) malaria patients. In 1969, she became the head of the project in Beijing, and decided __11___ (review) ancient Chinese medical texts to find traditional ___12___ (botanic) treatments for the disease. Her team examined over 2, 000 old medical texts, and ___13___ (evaluate) 280, 000 plants for their medical properties. From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments ___14____ showed promise in the fight ___15___ malaria. One medical text from the ___16__ (four) century suggested ____17__ (use) the extract from sweet wormwood ___18___ (treat) a fever. Tu’s team tested a ___19____ (collect) of dried wormwood leaves but found no ___20__ (effective) . They then tried boiling fresh wormwood, and using the liquid ___21___ (obtain) from this to treat malaria, but this did not work either. Their project got ___22__ (stick) . However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat. She ___23___ (analysis) the medical texts again, and by chance, she found one sentence ___24___ (suggest) a different way to treat the wormwood. She concluded that __25___ (boil) the sweet wormwood ___26___ (apparent) destroyed its medical properties. Using a lower temperature ___27__ (draw) out the extract, she found a substance ___28__ worked. After failing more than 190 times, the team finally succeeded in 1971. Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on __29____ (test) the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe. __30__ (late) , the medicine was tested ___31___ malaria patients, most of ___32___ recovered. This medicine,____33___ was called artemisinin, soon became a standard ___34___ (treat) for malaria. According to Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort. __35__ hearing that she ___36___ (award) the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just __37___ (me) . There is a team behind me,and all the people of my country. This ___38__ (succeed) proves the great value of traditional Chinese medicine. It is indeed __39___ honour for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine __40___ (spread) around the world.” 【参考答案】 1. whose 2.discovery 3.to save 4.committed 5.from 6.formed 7.objective 8.chosen 9.where 10.to study 11.to review 12.botanical 13.evaluated 14.that/which 15.against 16.fourth 17.using 18.to treat 19.collection 20.effect 21.obtained 22.stuck 23.analysed/analyzed 24.suggesting 25.boiling 26.apparently 27.to draw 28.that/which 29.testing 30.Later 31.on 32.whom 33.which 34.treatment 35.Upon/On 36.had been awarded 37.mine 38.success 39.an 40.to be spread 【文章导读】 本文是一篇新闻报道,报道了屠呦呦因发现青蒿素而获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。文章介绍了青蒿素在治疗疟疾方面的重要作用,回顾了屠呦呦的求学与科研经历,详细描述了她和团队如何从古代医学文献中获得灵感,历经多次失败最终成功提取出青蒿素的过程,并强调了团队合作和传统中医药的价值。 【答案解析】 1. whose 括号内无原词,考查定语从句关系词。先行词为 Tu Youyou(人),与 research 为所属关系(屠呦呦的研究),在从句中作定语,故用 whose。 技巧:先行词指人,且从句中名词前缺定语时,用 whose。 2. discovery 括号内为 discover(动词)。前有定冠词 the,后有介词 of,需用名词 discovery(发现)。 技巧:冠词 + 名词 + of 结构,动词变名词。 3. to save 括号内为 save(动词)。is thought to do 为固定结构,意为“被认为……”,不定式作主语补足语,填 to save。 技巧:be thought/believed/said + to do (to have done) 表示“被认为/据称……”,可以转换为It’s thought/believed/said...that... 。 4. committed 括号内为 commit(动词)。此处作定语修饰 scientist,意为“有奉献精神的”,需用过去分词形容词 committed(作定语表状态)。 技巧:-ed 形容词常用来描述人的性格或状态(如 interested, excited, committed)。 5. from 括号内无原词,考查介词搭配。graduated from 意为“毕业于(某学校)”,填 from。 拓展:graduate from + 学校;graduate in + 专业。 6. formed 括号内为 form(动词)。主语为 the Chinese government,描述过去动作(1967年),用一般过去时 formed(组建)。 技巧:注意时间状语(In 1967)提示过去时。 7. objective 括号内为 object(名词/动词)。前有定冠词 the,后有介词 of,需用名词 objective(目标),而非 object(物体/反对)。 注意:objective 作名词意为“目标;目的”,为高考高频词。 8. chosen 括号内为 choose(动词)。前有 the first researchers,与 choose 为被动关系(被选中的研究员),用过去分词 chosen 作后置定语。要注意的是此处的choose的动作已经发生,屠呦呦已经被选入团队。 技巧:被修饰词与动词为被动关系,用过去分词。 9. where 括号内无原词,考查定语从句关系词。先行词 Hainan(地点),在从句“malaria was more common”中作地点状语,用关系副词 where。 技巧:先行词表地点,从句主谓宾完整,填 where。 10. to study 括号内为 study(动词)。此处作目的状语,表示“去海南研究疟疾患者”,用不定式 to study。 技巧:动词原形作目的状语时用 to do。 11. to review 括号内为 review(动词)。decide to do 为固定搭配,意为“决定做某事”,填 to review。 技巧:decide/plan/want 等动词后接不定式作宾语。 12. botanical 括号内为 botany(名词,植物学)。此处作定语修饰 treatments,意为“植物学疗法”,需用形容词 botanical(植物学的)。 技巧:名词作定语通常用单数,但此处需变为形容词形式。 13. evaluated 括号内为 evaluate(动词)。主语 Her team,描述过去动作,与 examined 并列,用一般过去时 evaluated(评估)。 技巧:并列谓语时态保持一致。 14. that/which 括号内无原词,考查定语从句关系词。先行词 medical treatments(物),在从句中作主语,用 that 或 which。 技巧:先行词指物,作主语,用 which/that。 15. against 括号内无原词,考查固定搭配。fight against 意为“与……作斗争”,填 against。 拓展:fight for 为……而战;fight against 对抗……。 16. fourth 括号内为 four(数词)。此处修饰 century,表示“四世纪”,需用序数词 fourth。 技巧:表示“第几世纪”用序数词。 17. using 括号内为 use(动词)。前有 suggested,后接动名词作宾语,表示“建议使用”,填 using。 技巧:suggest + doing(建议做某事),注意不接不定式。 18. to treat 括号内为 treat(动词)。此处作目的状语,意为“用来治疗发烧”,用不定式 to treat。 技巧:动词不定式作目的状语,常译为“为了……”。 19. collection 括号内为 collect(动词)。前有不定冠词 a,后有介词 of,需用名词 collection(一批;收集物)。 技巧:冠词 + 名词 + of 结构。 20. effect 括号内为 effective(形容词)。前有 no(形容词),需用名词 effect(效果),作 found 的宾语。 注意:no effect = 没有效果;effective 为形容词,不可作宾语。 21. obtained 括号内为 obtain(动词)。此处作后置定语修饰 the liquid,意为“从中获得的液体”,与 liquid 为被动关系,用过去分词 obtained。 技巧:名词与动词为被动关系时,用过去分词作定语。 22. stuck 括号内为 stick(动词)。got stuck 为系表结构,意为“陷入困境;卡住了”,用过去分词 stuck(stuck 为 stick 的过去分词)。 技巧:get/be stuck 表示“被卡住;陷入困境”,固定搭配。 23. analysed/analyzed 括号内为 analysis(名词,分析)。此处作谓语动词,需用动词 analysed(英式)/ analyzed(美式),描述过去动作。 技巧:注意词性转换:analysis(n.)→ analyse/analyze(v.)。 24. suggesting 括号内为 suggest(动词)。此处作后置定语修饰 one sentence,与 sentence 为主动关系(句子“表明”),用现在分词 suggesting。 技巧:名词与动词为主动关系,用现在分词作定语。 25. boiling 括号内为 boil(动词)。此处作主语,表示“煮沸青蒿”这一行为,需用动名词 boiling。 技巧:动词作主语时用动名词或不定式,本句为陈述一般事实,用动名词。 26. apparently 括号内为 apparent(形容词)。此处修饰动词 destroyed,作状语,需用副词 apparently(显然地)。 技巧:修饰动词用副词。 27. to draw 括号内为 draw(动词)。此处作目的状语,表示“用更低的温度来提取”,用不定式 to draw。 技巧:目的状语常用 to do。 28. that/which 括号内无原词,考查定语从句关系词。先行词 a substance(物),在从句中作主语,用 that 或 which。 技巧:指物作主语,用 which/that。 29. testing 括号内为 test(动词)。insisted on 后接动名词作宾语,意为“坚持测试”,填 testing。 技巧:insist on + doing(坚持做某事)。 30. Later 括号内为 late(形容词/副词)。此处表示“后来”,用副词 Later(注意句首大写)。 注意:later 为 late 的比较级形式,但此处作副词表“后来”,与 late(晚)不同。 31. on 括号内无原词,考查介词搭配。tested on 意为“在……身上测试”,填 on。 技巧:test sth. on sb./animals 为固定搭配。 32. whom 括号内无原词,考查定语从句关系词。先行词 patients(人),在从句“most of ___ recovered”中作介词 of 的宾语,指人,用 whom。 技巧:介词 + whom(指人)/ which(指物)。 33. which 括号内无原词,考查非限制性定语从句。先行词 artemisinin(物),在从句中作主语,且为非限制性(有逗号),用 which(不用 that)。 技巧:非限制性定语从句指物用 which。 34. treatment 括号内为 treat(动词)。前有不定冠词 a,需用名词 treatment(疗法;治疗)。 技巧:冠词后接名词。 35. Upon/On 括号内无原词,考查介词搭配。Upon/On hearing that 意为“一听到……”,表“一……就……”,填 Upon 或 On(句首大写)。 技巧:upon/on + doing 表示“一……就……”。 36. had been awarded 括号内为 award(动词)。she ___ the Nobel Prize 发生在 hearing 之前(先得奖,后听说),且为被动(她被授予),用过去完成时被动 had been awarded。 技巧:“过去的过去”用过去完成时,被动结构为 had been + 过去分词。 37. mine 括号内为 me(代词宾格)。此处作表语,意为“(荣誉)不只是我的”,需用名词性物主代词 mine(= my honour)。 技巧:名词性物主代词(mine/yours/hers)作表语或主语,避免重复。 38. success 括号内为 succeed(动词)。前有 This 作主语,需用名词 success(成功)。 技巧:指示代词(This/That)后接名词。 39. an 括号内无原词,考查冠词。honour 以元音音素开头(/ɒ/),且为可数名词单数,用不定冠词 an。 技巧:honour 首字母 h 不发音,音标以元音开头,用 an。 40. to be spread 括号内为 spread(动词)。此处为 It is an honour for... to do 结构,不定式作真正主语,且 Chinese medicine 与 spread 为被动关系(中医药被传播),用不定式被动 to be spread。 技巧:it is + n. + for sb./sth. + to be done(不定式被动表被动含义)。 【考点归纳】 考点类别 题号 解题要点 定语从句 1, 9, 14, 28, 32, 33 关系词选择:所属关系(whose),指地点(where),指物作主(which/that),介词+whom(指人),非限制性指物(which)。 非谓语动词 3, 8, 10, 11, 17, 18, 21, 24, 25, 27, 29, 40 不定式作宾补/目的/主语补足语(to save/to study/to review/to treat/to draw/to be spread);动名词作宾语/主语(using/boiling/testing);分词作定语(chosen/obtained/suggesting)。 词性转换 2, 4, 12, 19, 20, 23, 26, 34, 37, 38 动词变名词(discovery/collection/treatment/success),动词变形容词(committed),名词变形容词(botanical),形容词变副词(apparently),形容词变名词(effect),名词变动词(analyse),代词变名词性物主(mine)。 时态与语态 6, 13, 36 一般过去时(formed/evaluated),过去完成时被动(had been awarded)。 介词与固定搭配 5, 15, 22, 31, 35 固定搭配(graduate from/fight against/get stuck/test on/upon doing)。 冠词 39 不定冠词 an(honour 元音音素开头)。 序数词 16 第四世纪(fourth century)。 连接词与状语结构 30 Later 作时间状语。 【总技巧提醒】 1. 定语从句六步法:①找先行词(人/物/时间/地点/所属);②分析先行词在从句中充当的成分;③根据成分选择关系词(who/whom/whose/which/that/where/when/why);④特别注意介词+whom/which结构;⑤非限制性定语从句(有逗号)不能用 that;⑥先行词为整个句子时用 which。 2. 非谓语动词四辨: 作目的状语 → 用 to do; 作主语/介词宾语/及物动词宾语(如 suggest/insist on)→ 用 doing; 作定语,与修饰词为主动关系 → 用 doing;被动关系 → 用 done; 作主语补足语(be thought to do)→ 用 to do。 3. 词性转换规律: 冠词/物主代词/介词后接名词; 修饰动词用副词; 修饰名词用形容词; 作主语/宾语用名词或动名词。 4. 时态判定标志:注意时间状语(In 1967 用过去时;by chance/after failing 提示上下文时态;过去完成时用于“过去的过去”)。 5. 固定搭配精准记忆:如 graduate from, fight against, get stuck, insist on, upon/on doing, test on, be thought to do 等,平时多积累。 6. 通读验证:填完后代入全文,检查句意通顺、语法一致,尤其注意主谓一致、拼写(如 committed 双写 t,analysed/analyzed,botanical 等)。 【参考翻译】 屠呦呦获诺贝尔奖 2015年10月6日 今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予了屠呦呦(共同获奖者),她的研究促使了青蒿素的发现。这是一种至关重要的治疗疟疾的新疗法。青蒿素挽救了数十万人的生命,并改善了数百万人的健康状况。全世界每年有超过2亿人罹患疟疾,约60万人死于疟疾。青蒿素已成为治疗疟疾的重要组成部分,据认为仅在非洲一年就能挽救10万人的生命。 屠呦呦,一位坚定而耐心的科学家,1930年12月30日出生于中国宁波,1955年毕业于北京大学医学院。毕业后,她在北京的中国中医研究院工作。1967年,中国政府组建了一支以探索治疗疟疾新方法为目的的科学家队伍,屠呦呦是其中首批入选的研究人员。在开始的时候,屠呦呦去了海南研究疟疾患者,在那里疟疾更常见。1969年,她成为北京项目的负责人,并决定复阅中国古代医学文献,以寻找这种疾病的传统的植物疗法。她的团队查阅了2,000多本古老的医学文献,并对280,000种植物的药用性能进行了评估。在他们的研究中,他们发现并测试了380种不同的中国古代医疗方法,这些方法为抗击疟疾带来了希望。 一本四世纪的医药文献推荐使用青蒿提取物来治疗发烧。屠呦呦的团队测试了一批干艾叶,但没有发现效果。然后,他们试着把新鲜的苦艾煮开,用从中提取的液体来治疗疟疾,但这也不管用。他们的计划陷入了困境。然而,屠呦呦并不承认失败。她又分析了一遍医学文献,偶然发现了一句话,建议用另一种方法来处理青蒿。她的结论是,煮青蒿显然破坏了它的医学特性。她用较低的温度提取提取物,发现了一种有效的物质。在失败了190多次之后,这个团队终于在1971年成功了。屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持在自己身上测试药物,以确保它是安全的。后来,这种药物在疟疾患者身上进行了测试,大部分受试患者都康复了。这种被称为青蒿素的药物很快成为治疗疟疾的标准药物。 屠呦呦说,青蒿素的发现是一个团队努力的结果。当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,她说:“这个荣誉不仅仅属于我。在我身后有一个团队,还有我的国家的全体人民。这一成功证明了中医的巨大价值。中国的科研和中医药走向世界,确实是一种荣誉。” Section2:【Using Language】(P8) THE MAN WHO CHANGED OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE UNIVERSE Albert Einstein, ____1__ is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics,is often considered one of the smartest men ____2__ ever lived. He made numerous contributions ___3___ the world, the most well-known ___4___ (be) the general theory of __5___ (relative) and the famous formula E=mc2. Einstein was not only a genius; he was a __6___ (courage) and kind figure loved by many people. This gentle genius ____7__ (bear) in Germany on 14 March 1879. When he was 16, he tried to enter university in Switzerland, but failed due ___8___ his low scores in the general part of the ___9___ (enter) exam, despite obtaining ___10___ (exception) scores in maths and physics. After studying for another year, he managed ___11____(pass) the exam, entering university in 1896 and ____12___ (graduate) in 1900. After two years of looking for work as a teacher, Einstein took a job as a clerk in the Swiss patent office. While ___13___ (work) there, out of a strong passion __14___ knowledge, he continued to study, earning a doctorate ___15___ physics in 1905. That same year, ____16___ was later recorded as a miracle year in science, he ___17___ (publish) four extraordinary physics papers. Following this, he ___18__ (gradual) became famous throughout the world___19___ the new Isaac Newton. After four years, he was able ___20___ (quit) his job at the patent office and enter research full-time at a university. In 1922, he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize ___21___ Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect. ____22___ (circumstance) changed in 1933, ___23___ Hitler came to power in Germany. Einstein, who was ____24___ (Jew) , found the doors of academic institutions ___25__ (close) to him. As a ___26___ (consequent) , he had to flee Germany. After ___27__ (spend) time in Europe, he finally took up a position ___28__ a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA. Following that, he continued to make great ___29__ (achieve) in physics and mathematics. To the public, he was seen as a ___30__ (slight) odd-looking but kind and funny man. He had a thick moustache and long white hair, ___31___ sometimes stood __32___ end as though he had just received an electric shock. Although he was a genius, he ___33___ (sometime) forgot things, like his friends’ birthdays. But ___34___ his peculiarities, he was loved by his friends and neighbors. There is even a story about how he helped a little girl __35___ knocked on his door and asked for help ___36___ her homework. In fact, Einstein often encountered people on the street ___37___ would stop him and ask him to help explain things. After many such ___38___ (occasion) , he finally started saying, “Pardon me! Sorry! Always I __39___ (mistake) for Professor Einstein!” On 18 April 1955, it was reported that Einstein had passed away, and the whole world mourned the great __40___ (lose) of a brilliant scientist. 【参考答案】 1.who 2.who/that 3.to 4.being 5.relativity 6.courageous 7.was born 8.to 9.entrance 10.exceptional 11.to pass 12.graduating 13.working 14.for 15.in 16.which 17.published 18.gradually 19.as 20.to quit 21.for 22.Circumstances 23.when 24.Jewish 25.closed 26.consequence 27.spending 28.as 29.achievements 30.slightly 31.which 32.on 33.sometimes 34.despite 35.who/that 36.with 37.who/that 38.occasions 39.am mistaken 40.loss 【文章导读】 本文是一篇人物传记,介绍了现代物理学巨匠阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦的生平。文章从爱因斯坦的成就入手(相对论和质能方程),按时间顺序叙述了他从出生、求学、求职、发表划时代论文、获得诺贝尔奖,到因纳粹上台被迫离开德国,最终在美国继续研究的经历,最后描绘了他朴实幽默、深受爱戴的晚年形象。 【答案解析】 1. who 括号内无原词,考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为 Albert Einstein(人),在从句中作主语,且为非限制性(有逗号),用关系代词 who(不用 that)。 技巧:非限制性定语从句指人作主语,用 who。 2. who/that 括号内无原词,考查定语从句关系词。先行词 the smartest men(人),在从句中作主语,且先行词被形容词最高级修饰,关系代词可用 who 或 that。 技巧:先行词指人且作主语,可用 who;但先行词指人也可以用that,前有最高级时,常用 that,不过 who 可接受。 3. to 括号内无原词,考查固定搭配。contributions to 意为“对……的贡献”,介词用 to。 拓展:make contributions to (doing) sth. 为固定短语,后接名词或动名词。 4. being 括号内为 be(动词)。此处为独立主格结构(the most well-known ___ the general theory...),逻辑主语 the most well-known 与 be 为主动关系,且表伴随,用现在分词 being。 技巧:独立主格结构中,主动关系用 doing;可理解为“最著名的是……”。 5. relativity 括号内为 relative(形容词/名词)。前有介词 of,需用名词 relativity(相对论)。 技巧:介词后接名词;theory of relativity 为固定术语。 6. courageous 括号内为 courage(名词)。此处作定语修饰 figure,意为“勇敢的”,需用形容词 courageous。 技巧:名词变形容词,courage → courageous。 7. was born 括号内为 bear(动词)。表示“出生于”,用被动语态 was born(bear 的过去分词为 born)。 技巧:be born + 时间/地点,固定用法,注意时态用过去时。 8. to 括号内无原词,考查固定搭配。due to 意为“由于”,后接名词/代词,填 to。 技巧:due to + 名词,表原因。 9. entrance 括号内为 enter(动词)。此处作定语修饰 exam,意为“入学考试”,需用名词 entrance(entrance exam为固定说法)。 技巧:名词作定语修饰另一名词,entrance exam 为固定搭配。 10. exceptional 括号内为 exception(名词)。此处作定语修饰 scores,意为“优异的分数”,需用形容词 exceptional(杰出的;异常的)。 技巧:名词变形容词,exception → exceptional(加 -al)。 11. to pass 括号内为 pass(动词)。managed to do 为固定搭配,意为“设法做成某事”,填 to pass。 技巧:manage + to do,表示“成功做到”(区别于 try to do)。 12. graduating 括号内为 graduate(动词)。此处与 entering 并列,作伴随状语,逻辑主语为 he,且为主动关系,用现在分词 graduating。 技巧:并列非谓语,形式保持一致(entering... and graduating...)。 13. working 括号内为 work(动词)。此处为 While working 的省略结构,相当于 While he was working,主语与主句一致,用现在分词 working。 技巧:状语从句省略时,主谓一致且主动用 doing,被动用 done。 14. for 括号内无原词,考查固定搭配。passion for 意为“对……的热爱/激情”,介词用 for。 技巧:passion/desire/love + for + 名词/doing。 15. in 括号内无原词,考查介词搭配。a doctorate in physics 意为“物理学博士学位”,用介词 in(表学科领域)。 技巧:degree/doctorate + in + 学科。 16. which 括号内无原词,考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为 That same year(同年),在从句中作主语,且为非限制性(有逗号),用 which(指代整个“同年”这一概念)。 技巧:which 可指代整个主句或时间概念(而非先行词本身)。 17. published 括号内为 publish(动词)。主语 he,描述过去事实(that same year),用一般过去时 published(发表)。 技巧:时间状语(That same year)提示过去时。 18. gradually 括号内为 gradual(形容词)。此处修饰动词 became,作状语,需用副词 gradually(逐渐地)。 技巧:修饰动词用副词,gradual 变 gradually(加 -ly)。 19. as 括号内无原词,考查介词。became famous... as 意为“作为……而出名”,填 as。 技巧:be famous/known as 表示“作为……而出名”。 20. to quit 括号内为 quit(动词)。was able to do 为固定搭配,意为“能够做某事”,填 to quit。 技巧:be able to do 后接不定式。 21. for/in 括号内无原词,考查固定搭配。Nobel Prize for Physics 意为“诺贝尔物理学奖”,介词用 for(表学科领域),在课文中偏重强调原因,也可以用介词in。 技巧:Nobel Prize for/in + 学科。 拓展:“Nobel Prize”与学科搭配时,“in”和“for”都可以使用,但侧重点和适用语境不同。使用 “in”:表示“在……领域/学科内”的奖项,强调奖项的学科分类或归属领域,用于客观描述奖项的类别,常见于正式的学术、新闻或分类语境中。使用 “for”:表示“因……(学科/领域)的成就”而获奖,强调获奖的原因或理由,即“因在……领域/学科内取得的成就”而获奖,常用于描述获奖的具体原因,或用于非正式的口语、新闻标题中,以强调获奖的缘由。比较:the Nobel Prize in Chemistry(诺贝尔化学奖);She was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry for her groundbreaking research.(她因化学领域的突破性研究获得了诺贝尔化学奖。)。 22. Circumstances 括号内为 circumstance(名词)。此处作主语,表示“情况;环境”,且谓语为 changed,主语应用复数 Circumstances(句首大写)。 技巧:circumstance 常用复数形式,表示“客观环境”。 23. when 括号内无原词,考查定语从句关系词。先行词 1933(时间),在从句“Hitler came to power”中作时间状语,用关系副词 when。 技巧:先行词表时间,从句缺时间状语,填 when。 24. Jewish 括号内为 Jew(名词,犹太人)。此处作表语,表示“他是犹太人”,需用形容词 Jewish。 技巧:名词变形容词,Jew → Jewish(表民族/宗教属性)。 25. closed 括号内为 close(动词)。此处为 found + 宾语 + 宾补 结构,doors 与 close 为被动关系(门被关闭),用过去分词 closed 作宾补。 技巧:find + 宾语 + done(被动/完成),表“发现……被……”。 26. consequence 括号内为 consequent(形容词)。前有 as a,需用名词 consequence(结果),构成 as a consequence(因此)。 技巧:as a consequence = as a result,固定短语。 27. spending 括号内为 spend(动词)。前有介词 After,需用动名词 spending 作宾语。 技巧:介词后接动名词(doing)。 28. as 括号内无原词,考查固定搭配。took up a position as 意为“担任……职位”,介词用 as。 技巧:position/job/role + as + 身份/职位。 29. achievements 括号内为 achieve(动词)。前有形容词 great,需用名词 achievements(成就),且为可数名词,此处用复数表示多项成就。 技巧:冠词/形容词后接名词;make achievements 为固定搭配。 30. slightly 括号内为 slight(形容词)。此处修饰形容词 odd-looking,作状语,需用副词 slightly(稍微地)。 技巧:修饰形容词用副词(slightly odd-looking)。 31. which 括号内无原词,考查非限制性定语从句。先行词 long white hair(物),在从句中作主语,且为非限制性(有逗号),用 which。 技巧:非限制性定语从句指物作主语,用 which。 32. on 括号内无原词,考查固定短语。stand on end 意为“(头发)竖起来”,固定搭配,填 on。 技巧:熟记固定短语,stand on end 为常见表达。 33. sometimes 括号内为 sometime(副词,某时)。此处表示“有时”,需用 sometimes(频度副词)。 辨析:sometimes 有时;sometime 某时(不确定时间);some time 一段时间。 34. despite 括号内无原词,考查介词。前后为转折关系,表示“尽管他有怪癖”,后接名词短语,用介词 despite(= in spite of)。 技巧:despite + 名词/doing,不接从句(若接从句用 although/though)。 35. who/that 括号内无原词,考查定语从句关系词。先行词 a little girl(人),在从句中作主语,用 who(或 that)。 技巧:先行词指人作主语,用 who/that。 36. with 括号内无原词,考查固定搭配。help with 意为“在……方面帮助”,填 with。 技巧:help sb. with sth. 为固定用法。 37. who/that 括号内无原词,考查定语从句关系词。先行词 people(人),在从句“would stop him”中作主语,用 who或that。 技巧:先行词指人作主语,用 who/that。 38. occasions 括号内为 occasion(名词)。前有 many such(许多这样的),需用复数 occasions(场合;次数)。 技巧:many + 可数名词复数。 39. am mistaken 括号内为 mistake(动词)。主语 I 与 mistake 为被动关系(我被误认为),用被动语态 am mistaken(be mistaken for 为固定搭配,意为“被误认为”)。 技巧:be mistaken for 表“被误认为……”,注意时态与主语一致。 40. loss 括号内为 lose(动词)。前有形容词 great,后有介词 of,需用名词 loss(损失)。 技巧:冠词/形容词后接名词,lose→loss(注意拼写变化)。 【考点归纳】 考点类别 题号 解题要点 定语从句 1, 2, 16, 23, 31, 35, 37 关系词选择:指人作主语(who),指物作主语(which),时间状语(when),非限制性(有逗号用 which 不用 that)。 非谓语动词 4, 12, 13, 25, 27 独立主格(being);并列现在分词(entering... graduating);状语从句省略(working);宾补被动(closed);介词后动名词(spending)。 词性转换 5, 6, 9, 10, 18, 24, 26, 29, 30, 33, 38, 40 名词变名词(relative→relativity),名词变形容词(courage→courageous, exception→exceptional, Jew→Jewish, consequent→consequence 名词),动词变名词(achieve→achievements, lose→loss),形容词变副词(gradual→gradually, slight→slightly),频度副词(sometime→sometimes),名词复数(occasion→occasions)。 时态与语态 7, 17, 39 被动语态(was born, am mistaken),一般过去时(published)。 介词与固定搭配 3, 8, 14, 15, 19, 21, 28, 32, 36 固定搭配:contributions to, due to, passion for, doctorate in, famous as, Nobel Prize for, position as, stand on end, help with。 情态动词与不定式 11, 20 manage to do, be able to do。 介词/连词表转折 34 despite + 名词表“尽管”。 副词辨析 33 sometimes(有时)与 sometime(某时)区别。 【总技巧提醒】 1. 定语从句全面覆盖:本短文考查了多种定语从句关系词(who, which, when)。复习时注意: 先行词指人作主语/宾语 → who/whom/that; 先行词指物作主语/宾语 → which/that; 先行词表时间/地点/原因 → when/where/why; 非限制性定语从句(有逗号)不能用 that; which 可指代整个主句内容。 2. 非谓语动词多角度考查: 独立主格结构(the most well-known being...)需识别; 状语从句省略(While working)需还原完整句子; 介词后接动名词(After spending); 宾补结构(found doors closed)需判断主被动。 3. 词性转换敏感度: 形容词变副词(gradually, slightly)修饰动词/形容词; 名词变形容词(courageous, exceptional, Jewish)作定语/表语; 动词变名词(achievements, loss)作宾语; 注意特殊拼写:relativity, lose→loss, succeed→success 等。 4. 固定搭配精准记忆:高频搭配如 due to, contributions to, passion for, be famous as, Nobel Prize for/in, take up a position as, stand on end, be mistaken for 等需熟记介词。 5. 时态语态判定:注意被动语态(was born, am mistaken)和一般过去时的标志词(that same year, in 1922, in 1933 等)。 6. 形近副词辨析:sometimes(有时)、sometime(某时)、some time(一段时间)需根据语境区分。 7. 通读验证:填完所有空后,代入原文通读,检查句意连贯、语法正确,尤其注意主谓一致、拼写(如 courageous 的 ou 拼写,relativity 的 ity 后缀)。 【参考翻译】 改变了我们对宇宙认识的人 阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦,也许是现代物理学中最伟大的科学家,通常被认为是有史以来最聪明的人之一。他对世界做出了许多贡献,其中最著名的是广义相对论和著名的公式E=mc2。爱因斯坦不仅是一个天才,还是一个勇敢而善良的人,受到许多人的喜爱。 这位文静的天才于1879年3月14日出生于德国。16岁时,他曾试图去瑞士上大学,尽管他在数学和物理方面取得了优异的成绩,但由于入学考试的综合部分分数较低,他未能如愿。经过又一年的学习,他通过了考试,1896年进入大学,并于1900年毕业。 在找了两年的教师工作后,爱因斯坦在瑞士专利局找到了一份职员的工作。在此工作期间,出于对知识的强烈热情,他继续学习,并于1905年获得了物理学博士学位。同年,他发表了四篇杰出的物理学论文,这一年后来被誉为科学史上的奇迹之年。此后,他逐渐以新艾萨克·牛顿闻名于世。四年后,他辞去了专利局的工作,进入一所大学做全职研究。1922年,他因对光电效应的解释而被授予1921年诺贝尔物理学奖。 1933年,当希特勒在德国掌权时,情况发生了变化。爱因斯坦是犹太人,他发现学术机构的大门对他关闭了。因此,他不得不逃离德国。在欧洲待了一段时间后,他终于在美国普林斯顿高等研究院担任研究员一职。此后,他继续在物理和数学方面取得了巨大成就。 在公众看来,他看似有点古怪,但很善良又有趣的人。他胡须浓密,有时白发挺立,就好像刚遭了电击。虽然他是个天才,但他有时会忘记一些事情,比如他朋友的生日。尽管他性格古怪,但他深受朋友和邻居的喜爱。甚至还有一个关于他如何帮助一个小女孩的故事:这个女孩敲了他的门,请求他帮她做家庭作业。事实上,爱因斯坦经常在街上遇到一些人,他们会拦住他,请他帮忙解释一些事情。经过多次这样的场合后,他终于开始说:“对不起!对不起!我总是被误认为是爱因斯坦教授!” 1955年4月18日,有报道说爱因斯坦去世了,全世界都为一位杰出科学家的逝世而哀悼。 Section3:【Build up your vocabulary P4】【Discovering useful structures P5】【Explore the meaning of greatness P6-7】【Assessing Your Progress】(P10-11) The Meaning of Greatness What does it mean to be great? Throughout history, many remarkable figures have shown us that true greatness ___1___ (not measure) by fame or wealth, but by one’s contributions to society and the ___2___ (last) impact they leave __3____ the world. Lu Xun, ____4__ (acknowledge) as one of the greatest modern writers in China, was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province in 1881. In 1904, he became a medical student in Japan, ___5____ the objective of improving people’s health and ___6___ (save) lives. However, he changed his mind when he saw in a photo a Chinese man who was about ____7__ (kill) by a Japanese soldier. It ___8__ (strike) him that the other Chinese men in the photo ____9__ (apparent) did not care about ___10____ was happening to their fellow countrymen. From this, he ___11___ (conclusion) that the crucial problem in China was not ___12__ (physics) illness, but the spiritual illness of people at that time. Following this, he quit medical school. When he returned ___13___ China in 1909, he obtained a teaching job. Later, a friend insisted that he __14___ (help) write for a magazine ___15__ (call) New Youth. That was how his first famous short story A Madman’s Diary got ____16___ (publish) in 1918. Sun Yat-sen (1866-1925) was widely considered to be the __17____ (found) and forerunner of modern China. He was only in power for a short time, ___18___ he was president of the country in 1912. So it may seem odd to some people ___19____ knowledge of China may be ___20___ (limit) that he is such an important figure. However, his ___21___ (influential) is not based on his time in office, ___22____ on his continuous struggle ____23___ a better society and his concern for all Chinese people. He also put forward many advanced ideas ____24___ brought the Chinese people together, ___25___ particular, the Three Principles of the People. These principles were inspired by Lincoln, ___26___ he admired, and were developed when he was traveling overseas, ___27___ he went to find support for his country. The first principle is about nationalism, ____28__ indicates that China should never __29____ (divide) and should not be under any foreign control. The second is about people’s rights. The third is about people’s livelihood, ___30___ means that the government should create opportunities for people ___31__ (make) a good living. Greatness also shines through those who turned ____32__ (suffer) into creation. Cao Xueqin, born into wealth but later living in extreme ___33__ (poor) , drew on his life experiences to write The Dream of the Red Mansions, a masterpiece published after his death. Helen Keller, ___34___ (trap) in a dark and silent world, overcame her disabilities with the help of her teacher Anne Sullivan, and wrote The Story of My Life at only 22, ___35__ (inspire) millions. Steve Jobs, driven by an unstoppable desire ___36__ (succeed) and to create perfect products, left a technological legacy ___37___ changed the way we live. His biography, ___38___ (base) on dozens of interviews, tells a story of relentless pursuit. __39___ (sum) up, greatness is not about ____40___ long one stays in power or how much ___41___ (wealthy) one gains. It is about the courage ___42___ (pursue) one’s beliefs, the determination ___43__ (fight) for a better future, and the willingness to inspire others. As we explore the meaning of greatness, we come ___44__ (realize) that every one of us has the potential ___45___ (make)a difference in our own way. 【参考答案】 1.is not measured 2.lasting 3.on 4.acknowledged 5.with 6.saving 7.to be killed 8.struck 9.apparently 10.what 11.concluded 12.physical 13.to 14.help/should help 15.called 16.published 17.founder 18.when 19.whose 20.limited 21.influence 22.but 23.for 24.which/that 25.in 26.whom/who 27.where 28.which 29.be divided 30.which 31.to make 32.suffering 33.poverty 34.trapped 35.inspiring 36.to succeed 37.that/which 38.based 39.To sum 40. how 41.wealth 42.to pursue 43.to fight 44.to realize 45. to make 【文章导读】 本文围绕“伟大”这一主题,综合了本单元多篇文本内容。开篇提出“真正的伟大不在于名利,而在于对社会的贡献”。随后通过鲁迅弃医从文唤醒国人精神的事例、孙中山虽在位短却影响深远并创立三民主义的故事,以及曹雪芹、海伦·凯勒、史蒂夫·乔布斯等人物将苦难化为创作成就的实例,全方位阐释了伟大的内涵——不在于掌权多久或财富多少,而在于追随信念的勇气和激励他人的意愿。 【答案解析】 1. is not measured 括号内为 measure(动词)。主语 true greatness 与 measure 为被动关系(被衡量),且描述客观事实,用一般现在时被动 is not measured(单数主语)。 技巧:被动语态判断:主语与动词为被动关系;客观事实用一般现在时。 2. lasting 括号内为 last(动词/形容词)。此处作定语修饰 impact,意为“持久的影响”,需用形容词 lasting(持久的)。 技巧:动词变形容词,last→lasting(表示“持久的”,常用搭配 lasting impact)。 3. on 括号内无原词,考查介词搭配。leave an impact on 意为“对……留下影响”,介词用 on。 技巧:固定搭配:have/make/leave an impact on sb./sth. 4. acknowledged 括号内为 acknowledge(动词)。此处作后置定语修饰 Lu Xun,与 Lu Xun 为被动关系(被公认为),用过去分词 acknowledged(be acknowledged as 为固定搭配)。 技巧:非谓语作定语,被动关系用过去分词。 5. with 括号内无原词,考查介词。with the objective of 意为“怀着……的目标”,表伴随状态,用 with。 技巧:with + 名词(the aim/purpose + of 短语,表“带有/怀着……”。 6. saving 括号内为 save(动词)。前有 and 与 improving 并列,均为介词 of 的宾语,用动名词 saving。 技巧:介词后接动名词,并列结构保持一致。 7. to be killed 括号内为 kill(动词)。about to do 意为“即将做……”,且 a Chinese man 与 kill 为被动关系(即将被杀害),用不定式被动 to be killed。 技巧:be about to do + 被动(to be done)。 8. struck 括号内为 strike(动词)。It struck him that... 意为“他突然意识到……”,为固定句型,描述过去事实,用一般过去时 struck。 技巧:It strikes/struck sb. that... 为固定句式,注意时态。比较: It occur to sb. that... 9. apparently 括号内为 apparent(形容词)。此处修饰动词 did not care,作状语,需用副词 apparently(显然地)。 技巧:修饰动词用副词,形容词变副词加 -ly。 10. what 括号内无原词,考查宾语从句连接词。about 后接宾语从句,从句中 happening 缺少宾语(所发生的事情),用 what。 技巧:缺物且无范围用 what(= the thing that)。 11. concluded 括号内为 conclusion(名词)。此处作谓语动词,表示“得出结论”,需用动词 concluded(过去式),描述过去事实。 技巧:词性转换:conclusion(n.)→ conclude(v.);时态与上下文一致用过去时。 12. physical 括号内为 physics(名词,物理)。此处作定语修饰 illness,意为“身体上的疾病”,需用形容词 physical(身体的;物理的)。 技巧:physics → physical(形容词),注意 physical 可表“身体的”而非“物理的”,根据语境判断。 13. to 括号内无原词,考查固定搭配。returned to 意为“回到”,介词用 to。 技巧:return to + 地点,固定搭配。 14. help / should help 括号内为 help(动词)。insisted that he ___ write 中,insist 后接宾语从句,表示“坚持要求”,从句谓语用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形),should 可省略,故填 help 或 should help。 技巧:insist 表“坚持要求”时,从句用虚拟语气(should do),should 可省。 15. called 括号内为 call(动词)。此处作后置定语修饰 magazine,与 magazine 为被动关系(被称为《新青年》),用过去分词 called。 技巧:非谓语作定语,被动关系用过去分词。 16. published 括号内为 publish(动词)。got published 为被动结构(被发表),用过去分词 published。 技巧:get + 过去分词 表被动,相当于 be + 过去分词。 17. founder 括号内为 found(动词/名词)。此处表示“创始人”,需用名词 founder(注意与 found 区分,found 作“建立”讲时过去分词为 founded,但此处 founder 为“创始人”)。 注意:founder(创始人)≠ found(动词,建立)。 18. when 括号内无原词,考查定语从句关系词。先行词 a short time(时间),在从句“he was president”中作时间状语,用关系副词 when。 技巧:先行词表时间,从句缺时间状语,填 when。 19. whose 括号内无原词,考查定语从句关系词。先行词 some people(人),与 knowledge 为所属关系(这些人的知识),用 whose。 技巧:先行词指人,从句中名词前缺定语,用 whose。 20. limited 括号内为 limit(动词)。此处为系表结构 may be limited(可能是有限的),用过去分词作形容词 limited。 技巧:被动/系表结构,过去分词表状态。 21. influence 括号内为 influential(形容词)。前有物主代词 his,需用名词 influence(影响力)。 技巧:物主代词后接名词,influential(adj.)→ influence(n.)。 22. but 括号内无原词,考查并列连词。not... but... 为固定结构,意为“不是……而是……”,填 but。 技巧:not A but B(不是A而是B),连接并列成分。 23. for 括号内无原词,考查固定搭配。struggle for 意为“为……而奋斗”,介词用 for。 技巧:struggle for(为……奋斗) vs. struggle against(与……斗争)。 24. which/that 括号内无原词,考查定语从句关系词。先行词 many advanced ideas(物),在从句中作主语,用 which或 that。 技巧:指物作主语,用 which/that。 25. in 括号内无原词,考查固定搭配。in particular 意为“尤其是;特别”,填 in。 技巧:固定短语 in particular。 26. whom/who 括号内无原词,考查定语从句关系词。先行词 Lincoln(人),在从句“he admired”中作宾语(admire him),用关系代词 whom(介词或动词后作宾语指人用 whom), 口语或非正式文体中也可以用who。注意:如果是“介词+关系代词”结构就不可以用who,指人只用whom。 技巧:指人作宾语,用 whom/who(或 that,但空格前有逗号且为非限制性,用 whom 更正式)。 27. where 括号内无原词,考查定语从句关系词。先行词 overseas(海外,地点),在从句“he went to find support”中作地点状语,用关系副词 where。 技巧:先行词表地点,从句主谓宾完整,填 where。 28. which 括号内无原词,考查非限制性定语从句。先行词 nationalism(民族主义,物),在从句中作主语,且为非限制性(有逗号),用 which(不用 that)。 技巧:非限制性定语从句指物用 which。 29. be divided 括号内为 divide(动词)。主语 China 与 divide 为被动关系(被分裂),且情态动词 should 后接动词原形,故填 be divided。 技巧:should + be + 过去分词,表被动。 30. which 括号内无原词,考查非限制性定语从句。先行词 people’s livelihood(民生,物),在从句中作主语,非限制性(有逗号),用 which。 技巧:非限制性定语从句指物用 which。 31. to make 括号内为 make(动词)。此处为不定式作定语修饰 opportunities,表示“创造机会让人们谋生”,用 to make。 技巧:opportunities to do sth. 为固定搭配,不定式作后置定语。 32. suffering 括号内为 suffer(动词)。前有介词 through,后接名词作宾语,需用动名词 suffering(苦难)。 技巧:介词后接动名词;suffer→suffering(名词化)。 33. poverty 括号内为 poor(形容词)。前有形容词 extreme,需用名词 poverty(贫困),作介词 in 的宾语。 技巧:形容词变名词:poor→poverty(注意拼写变化)。 34. trapped 括号内为 trap(动词)。此处作后置定语修饰 Helen Keller,与 Keller 为被动关系(被困在黑暗寂静的世界中),用过去分词 trapped。 技巧:非谓语作定语,被动关系用过去分词(注意 trap 双写 p + ed)。 35. inspiring 括号内为 inspire(动词)。此处作结果状语,逻辑主语为前句内容(她写书这一行为),与 inspire 为主动关系,用现在分词 inspiring(激励了数百万人)。 技巧:现在分词作结果状语,表自然结果。 36. to succeed 括号内为 succeed(动词)。desire to do 为固定搭配,意为“做……的渴望”,填不定式 to succeed。 技巧:desire/ability/opportunity + to do。 37. that/which 括号内无原词,考查定语从句关系词。先行词 legacy(遗产,物),在从句中作主语,用 that 或 which。 技巧:指物作主语,用 which/that。 38. based 括号内为 base(动词)。be based on 为固定搭配,此处为过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰 biography,表“基于数十次采访的”,用 based。 技巧:be based on 为固定短语,过去分词作定语表被动。 39. To sum 括号内为 sum(动词)。To sum up 为固定短语,意为“总而言之”,作插入语。句首首字母大写,填 To sum。 技巧:固定短语 to sum up,注意首字母大写。 40. how 括号内无原词,考查疑问词。about 后接宾语从句,long 需被修饰,表示“多长时间”,用 how(how long 固定搭配)。 技巧:how long 表“多长时间”,how much 修饰不可数名词,how many 修饰可数复数。 41. wealth 括号内为 wealthy(形容词)。前有 much(修饰不可数名词),需用名词 wealth(财富)。 技巧:形容词变名词:wealthy→wealth(不可数名词)。 42. to pursue 括号内为 pursue(动词)。the courage to do 为固定结构,不定式作定语修饰 courage,填 to pursue。 技巧:抽象名词(courage/determination/willingness)后常接不定式作定语。 43. to fight 括号内为 fight(动词)。the determination to do 为固定结构,不定式作定语修饰 determination,填 to fight。 技巧:与42题同理,不定式作后置定语。 44. to realize 括号内为 realize(动词)。come to do 意为“逐渐开始做某事”,填 to realize(come to realize 为固定搭配,意为“逐渐认识到”)。 技巧:come to + 动词原形,表示“逐渐……”。 45. to make 括号内为 make(动词)。the potential to do 为固定结构,不定式作定语修饰 potential,填 to make(make a difference 为固定短语)。 技巧:potential/ability + to do。 【考点归纳】 考点类别 题号 解题要点 定语从句 18, 19, 24, 26, 27, 28, 30, 37 关系词选择:时间(when)、所属(whose)、指物作主(which/that)、指人作宾(whom)、地点(where)、非限制性(which)。 非谓语动词 4, 6, 7, 15, 16, 32, 34, 35, 36, 38, 42, 43, 44, 45 过去分词作定语(acknowledged/called/trapped/based);动名词作宾语(saving/suffering);被动不定式(to be killed);现在分词作状语(inspiring);不定式作定语(to succeed/to pursue/to fight/to realize/to make);get+过去分词表被动(published)。 词性转换 2, 9, 11, 12, 17, 20, 21, 33, 35, 38, 41 动词变形容词(last→lasting);形容词变副词(apparent→apparently);名词变动词(conclusion→concluded);名词变形容词(physics→physical);动词变名词(found→founder, limit→limited 形容词, influential→influence, poor→poverty, inspire→inspiring 形容词, base→based 形容词);形容词变名词(wealthy→wealth)。 时态与语态 1, 8, 29 被动语态(is not measured, be divided);一般过去时(struck)。 介词与固定搭配 3, 5, 13, 23, 25 leave impact on, with the objective of, return to, struggle for, in particular。 宾语从句连接词 10, 40 what 作从句宾语;how long 表时间长度。 虚拟语气 14 insist 表“要求”时,从句用 (should) + 动词原形。 并列连词 22 not... but... 结构。 固定短语 39 To sum up(总而言之)。 【总技巧提醒】 1. 定语从句综合运用:本短文考查了定语从句的多种关系词(who/ whose/ which/ that/ whom/ when/ where),需熟练掌握: 先行词指人 → who(主)/ whom(宾)/ whose(所属); 先行词指物 → which/that; 先行词表时间/地点 → when/where; 非限制性定语从句(有逗号)不能用 that; 介词 + whom(指人)/ which(指物)。 2. 非谓语动词多维度考查: 后置定语:过去分词表被动(acknowledged/called/trapped/based);不定式表将来/目的(to succeed/to pursue等); 介词宾语:动名词(saving/suffering); 状语/结果:现在分词(inspiring); 被动不定式:to be killed(注意约等于的用法)。 3. 词性转换高频点: 形容词→副词(加 -ly):apparent→apparently; 名词→形容词(加 -al/-y):physics→physical, wealth→wealthy; 动词→名词(特殊拼写):conclude→conclusion, found→founder, poor→poverty; 记住特殊变形:poor→poverty, lose→loss, succeed→success。 4. 固定搭配与短语: be acknowledged as, with the objective of, It struck sb. that..., return to, insist that (should) do, struggle for, in particular, be based on, to sum up, come to realize, make a difference 等,需准确记忆介词和结构。 5. 虚拟语气识别: insist(坚持要求)/ suggest(建议)/ demand 等动词后的宾语从句,谓语用 (should) + 动词原形,should 可省略(题14)。 6. 被动语态判断: 主语与动词为被动关系时用被动(is not measured, be divided, got published); 情态动词后被动结构:should + be + done。 7. 句式结构与逻辑: not... but... 结构强调对比; 非限制性定语从句补充说明; 不定式作定语修饰抽象名词(courage/determination/potential)。 8. 通读验证:代入所有答案后,检查句意连贯、时态一致、主谓一致、拼写正确(如 acknowledged 双写 d, trapped 双写 p, poverty 拼写等)。 【参考翻译】 伟大的含义 伟大意味着什么?纵观历史,许多杰出人物向我们表明,真正的伟大不是用名声或财富来衡量的,而是用一个人对社会的贡献以及他们对世界留下的持久影响来衡量的。 鲁迅被公认为中国最伟大的现代作家之一,1881年出生于浙江绍兴。1904年,他成为日本的一名医学生,目标是改善人们的健康并拯救生命。然而,当他看到一张照片中一名中国男子即将被日本士兵杀害时,他改变了主意。他意识到照片中的其他中国人显然并不关心自己的同胞正在遭遇什么。由此他得出结论,中国最关键的问题不是身体上的疾病,而是当时人们精神上的疾病。此后,他退出了医学院。1909年回到中国后,他获得了一份教书的工作。后来,一位朋友坚持让他为一本叫《新青年》的杂志撰稿。这就是他第一篇著名短篇小说《狂人日记》在1918年发表的过程。 孙中山(1866-1925)被广泛认为是现代中国的创始人和先驱。他在位时间很短,1912年担任国家总统。因此,对于一些对中国了解有限的人来说,他竟然是如此重要的人物,这可能显得有点奇怪。然而,他的影响力并非基于他在位的时间,而是基于他为建设更美好社会而进行的持续斗争以及他对所有中国人民的关怀。他还提出了许多把中国人民团结在一起的先进思想,特别是三民主义。这些思想受到他钦佩的林肯的启发,并在他在海外为祖国寻求支持时得到发展。第一个原则是关于民族主义,它表明中国永远不应被分裂,也不应受任何外国控制。第二个是关于人民权利。第三个是关于民生,这意味着政府应该为人民创造机会,让他们过上好日子。 伟大也闪耀在那些将苦难化为创作的人身上。曹雪芹出身富贵,后大半生贫困潦倒,他依托自身经历写出了《红楼梦》这部巨著,在其去世后出版。海伦·凯勒被困于黑暗寂静的世界,在老师安妮·沙利文的帮助下克服了残疾,年仅22岁便写下了《我的生活故事》,激励了数百万人。史蒂夫·乔布斯在无法阻挡的成功欲望和创造完美产品的驱动下,留下了改变我们生活方式的科技遗产。他的传记基于数十次采访,讲述了一个不懈追求的故事。 总而言之,伟大不在于一个人掌权多久或获得多少财富。伟大在于追求自己信念的勇气、为更美好未来而奋斗的决心,以及激励他人的意愿。当我们探寻伟大的含义时,我们逐渐认识到,我们每个人都有潜力以自己的方式产生影响。 Section4:【Unit Integration单元综合】 Part1:Tu Youyou is awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine because she has discovered artemisinin,a crucial drug ___1___ malaria. In fact,artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria. After ____2___ (graduate) from university, Tu Youyou worked at the China __3___(academic) of Traditional Chinese Medicine. She committed herself ____4__ the objective of ___5__ (discover) a new treatment for malaria. She and her ____6___ (science) research team tried to find traditional botanical treatments for the disease. They evaluated 280,000 plants and __7__ (test) 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments. Tu’s team tried boiling fresh wormwood,___8___ using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria,but this did not work. Tu Youyou wouldn’t __9___ (knowledge) defeat. She insisted __10___ analysing the medical texts again and drew a ___11___ (conclude) that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties. By ___12___ (use) a lower temperature to draw out the extract,she discovered the __13___ (effect) substance. Artemisinin,like penicillin,has stood up to clinical tests,just ___14__ other products or devices can stand wear __15____ tear. Part2:The difference between a novelist and a __16___ (profession) is that the former ____17__ (most) uses his extraordinary ___18___ (create) genius to inspire people’s passion by __19__ (write) novels,while the latter pays more attention to ___20__ (academy) research. A __21___ (politics) wants to found his own theories and tries to come to power. A __22___ (science) hopes to make ___23___ (remark) achievements and have more ___24___ (invent) and patents. Take Albert Einstein for example. He made numerous __25___ (contribute) to the world,the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc 2. He earned a ___26__ (doctor) in physics in 1905 and gradually became famous as the new Isaac Newton. Circumstances changed in 1933,when Hitler came ___27____ power in Germany. Einstein,who was ___28___ (Jew) ,found the doors of academic institutions closed to him. ___29___ a consequence,he had to flee Germany. He ___30___ (final) took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton,USA. Einstein was not only a genius___31__ also a very gentle man. He had a thick moustache and long white hair. Despite his ___32__ (peculiar) ,he was loved by his friends and neighbours ___33__ he encountered. Now let’s complete this flow chart ___34___ (infer) his further achievements. You can also write a draft to sum up ___35___ (Einstein) life. 【参考答案】 1.for 2.graduating 3.Academy 4.to 5.discovering 6.scientific 7.tested 8.and 9.acknowledge 10.on 11conclusion 12.using 13.effective 14.as 15.and 16.professor 17.mostly 18.creative 19.writing 20.academic 21.politician 22.scientist 23.remarkable 24.inventions 25.contributions 26.doctorate 27.to 28.Jewish 29.As 30.finally 31.but 32.peculiarities 33.whom/who/that 34.to infer 35.Einstein’s 【文章导读】 本文分为两部分。Part 1 综述屠呦呦因发现青蒿素而获诺贝尔奖,详述其研究过程——从查阅古代医书、测试植物提取物,到通过低温提取发现有效成分,并强调了她的坚持与团队合作。Part 2 对比小说家与专业人士(以爱因斯坦为例),指出前者通过创作激发热情,后者则专注学术研究;概述了爱因斯坦的主要成就、因纳粹上台被迫离开德国的经历,以及他温和而受人爱戴的品质。两部分共同体现了本单元“卓越高尚”的主题。 【答案解析】 1. for 括号内无原词,考查介词搭配。a drug for malaria 意为“治疗疟疾的药物”,介词用 for(表用途)。 技巧:drug/medicine/treatment + for + 疾病名称。 2. graduating 括号内为 graduate(动词)。前有介词 After,需用动名词 graduating 作宾语。 技巧:介词后接动名词(doing)。 3. Academy 括号内为 academic(形容词)。此处为专有名词 the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine(中国中医科学院),需用名词 Academy(注意首字母大写)。 技巧:专有名词需准确记忆;形容词变名词:academic→academy(学院/研究院)。 4. to 括号内无原词,考查固定搭配。commit oneself to 意为“致力于”,介词用 to。 技巧:commit oneself to (doing) sth.,to 为介词,后接名词或动名词。 5. discovering 括号内为 discover(动词)。前有介词 of,需用动名词 discovering 作介词宾语。 技巧:介词后接动名词;objective of doing sth. 6. scientific 括号内为 science(名词)。此处作定语修饰 research team,意为“科学研究团队”,需用形容词 scientific(科学的)。 技巧:名词变形容词:science→scientific(注意拼写变化)。 7. tested 括号内为 test(动词)。此处与 evaluated 并列作谓语,描述过去动作,用一般过去时 tested。 技巧:并列谓语时态保持一致(evaluated... and tested...)。 8. and 括号内无原词,考查并列连词。前后为并列动作(tried boiling ... and using ...),用 and 连接。 技巧:并列结构(A and B),形式一致。 9. acknowledge 括号内为 knowledge(名词)。前有 wouldn’t(情态动词),需用动词原形 acknowledge(承认)。 技巧:情态动词(would/will/can等)后接动词原形;词性转换:knowledge(n.)→ acknowledge(v.)。 拓展:would not acknowledge defeat 意为“不愿承认失败”。 10. on 括号内无原词,考查固定搭配。insist on 意为“坚持”,介词用 on。 技巧:insist on + doing 为固定用法。 11. conclusion 括号内为 conclude(动词)。前有不定冠词 a,需用名词 conclusion(结论),构成 draw a conclusion(得出结论)。 技巧:动词变名词:conclude→conclusion;固定搭配 draw a conclusion。 12. using 括号内为 use(动词)。前有介词 By,需用动名词 using 作介词宾语,表示“通过使用……”。 技巧:by + doing 表“通过……方式”。 13. effective 括号内为 effect(名词)。此处作定语修饰 substance,意为“有效的物质”,需用形容词 effective(有效的)。 技巧:名词变形容词:effect→effective(-ive 后缀)。 14. as 括号内无原词,考查固定搭配。just as 意为“正如……一样”,引导方式状语从句,填 as。 技巧:just as + 句子,表“正如……”。 15. and 括号内无原词,考查固定短语。wear and tear 为固定搭配,意为“磨损;损耗”,填 and。 技巧:固定短语 wear and tear,不可拆。 16. professor 括号内为 profession(名词,职业)。此处表示“教授”,需用名词 professor(与 novelist 对应)。 辨析:profession(职业)→ professor(教授);professional(专业人士/形容词)。本空与 novelist(小说家)对应,指人,填 professor。 技巧:根据句意判断职业身份。 17. mostly 括号内为 most(形容词/副词)。此处修饰动词 uses,作状语,意为“主要地”,需用副词 mostly。 辨析:most(最;大多数)→ mostly(主要地;通常)。 技巧:修饰动词用副词。 18. creative 括号内为 create(动词)。此处作定语修饰 genius,意为“创造性天才”,需用形容词 creative(创造性的)。 技巧:动词变形容词:create→creative(-ive 后缀)。 19. writing 括号内为 write(动词)。前有介词 by,需用动名词 writing 作介词宾语。 技巧:by + doing 表方式手段。 20. academic 括号内为 academy(名词)。此处作定语修饰 research,意为“学术研究”,需用形容词 academic(学术的)。 技巧:名词变形容词:academy→academic。 21. politician 括号内为 politics(名词,政治)。此处表示“政治家”,需用名词 politician(注意拼写)。 技巧:表示“从事某职业的人”常用 -ian 后缀:politics→politician。 拓展:同理,music→musician。 22. scientist 括号内为 science(名词)。此处表示“科学家”,需用名词 scientist。 技巧:-ist 后缀表“从事……的人”:science→scientist。 23. remarkable 括号内为 remark(动词/名词)。此处作定语修饰 achievements,意为“卓越的成就”,需用形容词 remarkable(显著的;非凡的)。 技巧:动词变形容词:remark→remarkable(-able 后缀,表“值得……的”)。 24. inventions 括号内为 invent(动词)。前有 more(更多的),需用名词复数 inventions(发明)。 技巧:动词变名词:invent→invention(-tion 后缀);more + 可数名词复数。 25. contributions 括号内为 contribute(动词)。numerous 修饰可数名词复数,需用 contributions(贡献),构成 make contributions to。 技巧:动词变名词:contribute→contribution;固定搭配 make contributions to。 26. doctorate 括号内为 doctor(名词,医生/博士)。此处表示“博士学位”,需用名词 doctorate(注意与 doctor 区分)。 技巧:doctor(博士)→ doctorate(博士学位),常用搭配 earn/get a doctorate in。 27. to 括号内无原词,考查固定搭配。came to power 意为“上台;掌权”,介词用 to。 技巧:固定短语 come to power。 28. Jewish 括号内为 Jew(名词,犹太人)。此处作表语,表示“他是犹太人”,需用形容词 Jewish。 技巧:名词变形容词:Jew→Jewish(表种族/宗教属性)。 29. As 括号内无原词,考查固定短语。as a consequence 意为“因此;结果”,句首首字母大写,填 As。 技巧:固定短语 as a consequence = as a result。 30. finally 括号内为 final(形容词)。此处修饰动词 took up,作状语,需用副词 finally(最终地)。 技巧:形容词变副词:final→finally(加 -ly)。 31. but 括号内无原词,考查并列连词。not only... but also... 为固定结构,意为“不仅……而且……”,此处省略 also,填 but。 技巧:not only A but (also) B,连接并列成分。 32. peculiarities 括号内为 peculiar(形容词)。前有物主代词 his,需用名词 peculiarities(怪癖;特性),常用复数形式。 技巧:形容词变名词:peculiar→peculiarity(-ity 后缀),表示“特点;怪癖”。 33. whom/who/that 括号内无原词,考查定语从句关系词。先行词 friends and neighbours(人),在从句“he encountered”中作宾语,可用 whom(正式)/ who(口语)/ that(均可)。 技巧:先行词指人作宾语,可用 whom/who/that(作宾语时可省略,但本空须填一个)。 34. to infer 括号内为 infer(动词)。此处作目的状语,表示“为了推断他进一步的成就”,用不定式 to infer。 技巧:不定式作目的状语。 35. Einstein’s 括号内为 Einstein(人名)。此处作定语修饰 life,表示“爱因斯坦的一生”,需用名词所有格 Einstein’s。 技巧:'s 所有格表所属关系。 【考点归纳】 考点类别 题号 解题要点 词性转换 3, 6, 9, 11, 13, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 30, 32 名词↔形容词(academy→academic, science→scientific, effect→effective, Jew→Jewish, final→finally);动词↔名词(knowledge→acknowledge 动词, conclude→conclusion, contribute→contributions, invent→inventions);动词↔形容词(create→creative, remark→remarkable);名词↔名词(profession→professor, politics→politician, doctor→doctorate);形容词↔名词(peculiar→peculiarities)。 非谓语动词 2, 5, 12, 19, 34 动名词作介词宾语(graduating/discovering/using/writing);不定式作目的状语(to infer)。 介词与固定搭配 1, 4, 10, 14, 27, 29 固定搭配:drug for, commit oneself to, insist on, just as, come to power, as a consequence。 时态与并列 7, 8 一般过去时(tested);并列连词(and)。 情态动词 9 would not + 动词原形(acknowledge)。 固定短语 15, 31 wear and tear;not only... but (also)...。 定语从句 33 先行词指人作宾语,关系词用 whom/who/that。 所有格 35 名词所有格 Einstein’s。 副词修饰动词 17 mostly 修饰 uses;finally 修饰 took up。 【总技巧提醒】 1. 词性转换贯穿始终:本单元综合考查了多种词性转换,需重点掌握: -al / -ical 后缀:academy→academic, politics→political(本空为 politician,注意区别); -ive 后缀:effect→effective, create→creative; -tion / -sion 后缀:conclude→conclusion, contribute→contribution, invent→invention; -able 后缀:remark→remarkable; -ity 后缀:peculiar→peculiarity; -ist / -ian 表示“人”:science→scientist, politics→politician。 注意特殊变形:knowledge(n.)→ acknowledge(v.);profession→professor(职业→教授)。 2. 介词固定搭配高频:本短文考查了 commit to, insist on, drug for, come to power, as a consequence 等,需熟记介词不可替换。注意 commit oneself to 中的 to 是介词,后接动名词(题5 discovering)。 3. 非谓语动词中动名词考查集中:介词后用动名词(After graduating, objective of discovering, by using, by writing),极少数介词像but跟不定式作宾语,这是高考高频考点。 4. 并列结构与连词: 并列谓语(evaluated and tested)时态一致; not only... but (also)... 结构中的 but 不可漏; wear and tear 为固定不可拆分短语。 5. 定语从句关系词选择:先行词指人作宾语时,whom(正式)/ who(口语)/ that(通用)均可,但介词前置时只能用 whom(本空无介词前置,故三者均可)。 6. 所有格与冠词:名词所有格 Einstein’s 表示所属关系;不定冠词 a + 名词(a conclusion)提示需填名词。 7. 情态动词 + 动词原形:wouldn’t 后接动词原形 acknowledge,不可用过去式或名词形式。 8. 通读验证:代入答案后检查句意连贯,特别注意专有名词的大小写(Academy, Einstein’s)和拼写(peculiarities 的 -ities 后缀)。 【参考翻译】 屠呦呦获得了诺贝尔 生理学或医学奖,因为她发现了治疗疟疾的关键药物青蒿素。事实上,青蒿素已经成为疟疾治疗的重要组成部分。大学毕业后,屠呦呦在中国中医研究院工作。她致力于发现疟疾新疗法的目标。她和她的科研团队试图找到治疗这种疾病的传统植物疗法。他们评估了28 万种植物,并测试了380 种不同的古代中医疗法。屠的研究小组尝试将新鲜的青蒿 煮沸,然后用从中提取的液体治疗疟疾,但没有成功。屠呦呦不承认 失败。她坚持要再次分析医学文献,并得出结论,煮沸这种青蒿 显然破坏了它的医学特性。她用较低的温度获取提取物,发现了这种有效的物质。青蒿素和青霉素一样,经得起临床检验,就像其他产品或设备经得起磨损一样。 小说家和教授的区别在于,前者大多是利用自己非凡的创作天赋,通过写小说来激发人们的热情,而后者则更注重学术研究。政治家想要建立自己的学说并试图掌权。科学家希望取得非凡的成就,拥有更多的发明和专利。以阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦为例。他为世界做出了许多贡献,最著名的是广义相对论和著名的公式E=mc2。他在1905 年获得了物理学博士学位,并逐渐以新艾萨克·牛顿而闻名。1933 年希特勒在德国上台后,情况发生了变化。(因为)爱因斯坦是犹太人,他发现学术机构的大门对他关闭了。结果,他不得不逃离德国。最终,他在美国普林斯顿高等研究院 担任研究员一职。爱因斯坦不仅是个天才,而且是个非常温和的人。他留着浓密的胡子和长长的白发。尽管他性格古怪,但是他相识的朋友和邻居都喜欢他。现在让我们完成这个流程图来推断他的进一步成就。你也可以写一份草稿来总结爱因斯坦的一生。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 人教英语(2019)选择性必修一课文填空(U1)--练习版 Unit 1 People of Achievement Section1:【Reading and Thinking】(P2-3) TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE 6 October 2015 This year’s Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner), ____1___research led to the __2____ (discover) of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria. Artemisinin has saved hundreds of thousands of lives, and has led to improved health for millions of people. Over 200 million people around the world get malaria each year, and about 600, 000 die from it. Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought ____3__ (save) 100, 000 lives a year in Africa alone. Tu Youyou, a ___4___ (commit) and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, and graduated ___5___ Peking University Medical School in 1955. After she graduated, she worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing. In 1967, the Chinese government ___6__ (form) a team of scientists with the __7___ (object) of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers ___8___ (chosen) . In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, ___9___ malaria was more common, ___10____ (study) malaria patients. In 1969, she became the head of the project in Beijing, and decided __11___ (review) ancient Chinese medical texts to find traditional ___12___ (botanic) treatments for the disease. Her team examined over 2, 000 old medical texts, and ___13___ (evaluate) 280, 000 plants for their medical properties. From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments ___14____ showed promise in the fight ___15___ malaria. One medical text from the ___16__ (four) century suggested ____17__ (use) the extract from sweet wormwood ___18___ (treat) a fever. Tu’s team tested a ___19____ (collect) of dried wormwood leaves but found no ___20__ (effective) . They then tried boiling fresh wormwood, and using the liquid ___21___ (obtain) from this to treat malaria, but this did not work either. Their project got ___22__ (stick) . However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat. She ___23___ (analysis) the medical texts again, and by chance, she found one sentence ___24___ (suggest) a different way to treat the wormwood. She concluded that __25___ (boil) the sweet wormwood ___26___ (apparent) destroyed its medical properties. Using a lower temperature ___27__ (draw) out the extract, she found a substance ___28__ worked. After failing more than 190 times, the team finally succeeded in 1971. Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on __29____ (test) the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe. __30__ (late) , the medicine was tested ___31___ malaria patients, most of ___32___ recovered. This medicine,____33___ was called artemisinin, soon became a standard ___34___ (treat) for malaria. According to Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort. __35__ hearing that she ___36___ (award) the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just __37___ (me) . There is a team behind me,and all the people of my country. This ___38__ (succeed) proves the great value of traditional Chinese medicine. It is indeed __39___ honour for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine __40___ (spread) around the world.” 语法填空答题卡(Section1) 1 16 31 2 17 32 3 18 33 4 19 34 5 20 35 6 21 36 7 22 37 8 23 38 9 24 39 10 25 40 11 26 12 27 13 28 14 29 15 30 Section2:【Using Language】(P8) THE MAN WHO CHANGED OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE UNIVERSE Albert Einstein, ____1__ is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics,is often considered one of the smartest men ____2__ ever lived. He made numerous contributions ___3___ the world, the most well-known ___4___ (be) the general theory of __5___ (relative) and the famous formula E=mc2. Einstein was not only a genius; he was a __6___ (courage) and kind figure loved by many people. This gentle genius ____7__ (bear) in Germany on 14 March 1879. When he was 16, he tried to enter university in Switzerland, but failed due ___8___ his low scores in the general part of the ___9___ (enter) exam, despite obtaining ___10___ (exception) scores in maths and physics. After studying for another year, he managed ___11____ (pass) the exam, entering university in 1896 and ____12___ (graduate) in 1900. After two years of looking for work as a teacher, Einstein took a job as a clerk in the Swiss patent office. While ___13___ (work) there, out of a strong passion __14___ knowledge, he continued to study, earning a doctorate ___15___ physics in 1905. That same year, ____16___ was later recorded as a miracle year in science, he ___17___ (publish) four extraordinary physics papers. Following this, he ___18__ (gradual) became famous throughout the world___19___ the new Isaac Newton. After four years, he was able ___20___ (quit) his job at the patent office and enter research full-time at a university. In 1922, he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize ___21___ Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect. ____22___ (circumstance) changed in 1933, ___23___ Hitler came to power in Germany. Einstein, who was ____24___ (Jew) , found the doors of academic institutions ___25__ (close) to him. As a ___26___ (consequent) , he had to flee Germany. After ___27__ (spend) time in Europe, he finally took up a position ___28__ a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA. Following that, he continued to make great ___29__ (achieve) in physics and mathematics. To the public, he was seen as a ___30__ (slight) odd-looking but kind and funny man. He had a thick moustache and long white hair, ___31___ sometimes stood __32___ end as though he had just received an electric shock. Although he was a genius, he ___33___ (sometime) forgot things, like his friends’ birthdays. But ___34___ his peculiarities, he was loved by his friends and neighbors. There is even a story about how he helped a little girl __35___ knocked on his door and asked for help ___36___ her homework. In fact, Einstein often encountered people on the street ___37___ would stop him and ask him to help explain things. After many such ___38___ (occasion) , he finally started saying, “Pardon me! Sorry! Always I __39___ (mistake) for Professor Einstein!” On 18 April 1955, it was reported that Einstein had passed away, and the whole world mourned the great __40___ (lose) of a brilliant scientist. 语法填空答题卡(Section2) 1 16 31 2 17 32 3 18 33 4 19 34 5 20 35 6 21 36 7 22 37 8 23 38 9 24 39 10 25 40 11 26 12 27 13 28 14 29 15 30 Section3:【Build up your vocabulary P4】【Discovering useful structures P5】【Explore the meaning of greatness P6-7】【Assessing Your Progress】(P10-11) The Meaning of Greatness What does it mean to be great? Throughout history, many remarkable figures have shown us that true greatness ___1___ (not measure) by fame or wealth, but by one’s contributions to society and the ___2___ (last) impact they leave __3____ the world. Lu Xun, ____4__ (acknowledge) as one of the greatest modern writers in China, was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province in 1881. In 1904, he became a medical student in Japan, ___5____ the objective of improving people’s health and ___6___ (save) lives. However, he changed his mind when he saw in a photo a Chinese man who was about ____7__ (kill) by a Japanese soldier. It ___8__ (strike) him that the other Chinese men in the photo ____9__ (apparent) did not care about ___10____ was happening to their fellow countrymen. From this, he ___11___ (conclusion) that the crucial problem in China was not ___12__ (physics) illness, but the spiritual illness of people at that time. Following this, he quit medical school. When he returned ___13___ China in 1909, he obtained a teaching job. Later, a friend insisted that he __14___ (help) write for a magazine ___15__ (call) New Youth. That was how his first famous short story A Madman’s Diary got ____16___ (publish) in 1918. Sun Yat-sen (1866-1925) was widely considered to be the __17____ (found) and forerunner of modern China. He was only in power for a short time, ___18___ he was president of the country in 1912. So it may seem odd to some people ___19____ knowledge of China may be ___20___ (limit) that he is such an important figure. However, his ___21___ (influential) is not based on his time in office, ___22____ on his continuous struggle ____23___ a better society and his concern for all Chinese people. He also put forward many advanced ideas ____24___ brought the Chinese people together, ___25___ particular, the Three Principles of the People. These principles were inspired by Lincoln, ___26___ he admired, and were developed when he was traveling overseas, ___27___ he went to find support for his country. The first principle is about nationalism, ____28__ indicates that China should never __29____ (divide) and should not be under any foreign control. The second is about people’s rights. The third is about people’s livelihood, ___30___ means that the government should create opportunities for people ___31__ (make) a good living. Greatness also shines through those who turned ____32__ (suffer) into creation. Cao Xueqin, born into wealth but later living in extreme ___33__ (poor) , drew on his life experiences to write The Dream of the Red Mansions, a masterpiece published after his death. Helen Keller, ___34___ (trap) in a dark and silent world, overcame her disabilities with the help of her teacher Anne Sullivan, and wrote The Story of My Life at only 22, ___35__ (inspire) millions. Steve Jobs, driven by an unstoppable desire ___36__ (succeed) and to create perfect products, left a technological legacy ___37___ changed the way we live. His biography, ___38___ (base) on dozens of interviews, tells a story of relentless pursuit. __39___ (sum) up, greatness is not about ____40___ long one stays in power or how much ___41___ (wealthy) one gains. It is about the courage ___42___ (pursue) one’s beliefs, the determination ___43__ (fight) for a better future, and the willingness to inspire others. As we explore the meaning of greatness, we come ___44__ (realize) that every one of us has the potential ___45___ (make) a difference in our own way. 语法填空答题卡(Section3) 1 16 31 2 17 32 3 18 33 4 19 34 5 20 35 6 21 36 7 22 37 8 23 38 9 24 39 10 25 40 11 26 41 12 27 42 13 28 43 14 29 44 15 30 45 Section4:【Unit Integration单元综合】 Part1:Tu Youyou is awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine because she has discovered artemisinin,a crucial drug ___1___ malaria. In fact,artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria. After ____2___ (graduate) from university, Tu Youyou worked at the China __3___(academic) of Traditional Chinese Medicine. She committed herself ____4__ the objective of ___5__ (discover) a new treatment for malaria. She and her ____6___ (science) research team tried to find traditional botanical treatments for the disease. They evaluated 280,000 plants and __7__ (test) 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments. Tu’s team tried boiling fresh wormwood,___8___ using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria,but this did not work. Tu Youyou wouldn’t __9___ (knowledge) defeat. She insisted __10___ analysing the medical texts again and drew a ___11___ (conclude) that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties. By ___12___ (use) a lower temperature to draw out the extract,she discovered the __13___ (effect) substance. Artemisinin,like penicillin,has stood up to clinical tests,just ___14__ other products or devices can stand wear __15____ tear. Part2:The difference between a novelist and a __16___ (profession) is that the former ____17__ (most) uses his extraordinary ___18___ (create) genius to inspire people’s passion by __19__ (write) novels,while the latter pays more attention to ___20__ (academy) research. A __21___ (politics) wants to found his own theories and tries to come to power. A __22___ (science) hopes to make ___23___ (remark) achievements and have more ___24___ (invent) and patents. Take Albert Einstein for example. He made numerous __25___ (contribute) to the world,the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc 2. He earned a ___26__ (doctor) in physics in 1905 and gradually became famous as the new Isaac Newton. Circumstances changed in 1933,when Hitler came ___27____ power in Germany. Einstein,who was ___28___ (Jew) ,found the doors of academic institutions closed to him. ___29___ a consequence,he had to flee Germany. He ___30___ (final) took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA. Einstein was not only a genius___31__ also a very gentle man. He had a thick moustache and long white hair. Despite his ___32__ (peculiar),he was loved by his friends and neighbours ___33__ he encountered. Now let’s complete this flow chart ___34___ (infer) his further achievements. You can also write a draft to sum up ___35___ (Einstein) life. 语法填空答题卡(Section4) 1 16 31 2 17 32 3 18 33 4 19 34 5 20 35 6 21 36 7 22 8 23 9 24 10 25 11 26 12 27 13 28 14 29 15 30 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 1 People of Achievement 教材回归课文填空-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第一册
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Unit 1 People of Achievement 教材回归课文填空-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第一册
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Unit 1 People of Achievement 教材回归课文填空-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第一册
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