Unit 1 Lights, camera, action!（知识清单）英语译林版必修第二册

该高中英语单元知识清单全面覆盖“Lights, camera, action!”单元内容，包含词汇（阅读、写作、拓展等模块）、语法（主谓一致三大原则）、写作（影评框架与素材）及知识点精讲，搭建从基础积累到技能应用的系统化学习支架。 清单采用“词汇分层梳理”“语法原则实例解析”“写作模板示范”组织知识，如“familiar的两种结构辨析”“with复合结构对点训练”，培养语言能力与思维品质。配套易错点对比表和多样化练习题，学生可自主巩固，教师能精准设计教学，提升课堂实效。

Unit 1 Lights, camera, action! 词汇 一、阅读词汇 1. documentary n. ______________ adj. ______________ 2. fiction n. ______________ 3. science fiction______________ 4. dinosaur n. ______________ 5. roar n. & vi. ______________ 6. prop n. ______________ 7. Atlantic adj. ______________ 8. iceberg n. ______________ 9. martial adj. ______________ 10. martial art ______________ 11. recollect vt. & vi. ______________ 12. angel n. ______________ 13. dandy adj. ______________ 14. crooked adj. ______________ 15. pea n. ______________ 二、写作词汇 1. _______ n. 因素，要素 2. _______ n. 一张(纸)；床单，被单；薄片 3. _______ n. 信封 5. _______ n. 电影摄影棚；录音室 6. _______ n. vt. & vi. 帮助；援助 7. _______ n. 方法；接近，靠近 vt. 接近，靠近；处理 8. _______ n. 角度；立 场，观点 9. _______ n. 大洋，海洋 10. _______ n. 讲座，演讲；教训，训斥 vi. 开讲座，讲课 vt. 指责，训斥 11. _______ n. 公平，公正；公道，合理 12. _______ n. 龙 13. _______ n. 奖，奖品，奖金 vt. 授予，给予 14. _______ n. 观众，听众 15. _______ n. 沙漠，荒漠 16. _______ n. 丛林，密林 17. _______ n. 名称，标题；称号；职位名称 18. _______ vt. 将……认为，看待；注视 19. _______ adj. 极好的，了不起的，超级的 20. _______ prep. 向，朝 21. _______ adv. 最后，终于 22. _______ adj. 复杂的；花哨的；昂贵的 vt. 想要，想做；倾慕 23. _______ adj. 狭窄的；勉强的；狭隘的 vt. & vi. (使)窄小，缩小 24. _______ prep. 即使，尽管 25. _______ n. 事件；活动 26. _______ vi. & vt. 挥手，招手；挥舞 n. 海浪；大量涌现 27. _______ vt. & vi. 回想，回忆起 28. _______ n. 箭；箭头 三、拓展词汇 1. type n. 类型, 种类 vt. & vi. 打字→_______ n. 打字员 2. comedy n. 喜剧片，喜剧→_______ n. 喜剧演员 3. fantasy n. 幻想作品；幻想，想象→_______ adj. 了不起的 4. horror n. 恐怖电影(或故事等)；震惊，恐惧→_______ adj.可怕的；令人恐惧的→_______ adv. 可怕地；令人恐惧地 5. romance n. 爱情故事；浪漫史；爱情→_______ adj. 浪漫的；爱情的；(Romantic)浪漫的→_______ adv. 浪漫地 6. actually adv. 实际上，事实上→_______ adj.真实的；实际的 7. brief adj. 简洁的，简单的；短时间的→_______ adv. 简洁地，简单地 8. familiar adj. 熟悉的，常见的→_______ adj. 不熟悉的，不了解的→_______ v. (使)熟悉，了解，通晓→_______ n. 熟悉，通晓，认识 9. attach vt. 认为有重要性，重视；把……固定，附上→_______ n. 附件；附属物；依恋→_______ adj. 依恋的，爱慕的；附属的 10. visual adj. 视力的，视觉的→_______ n. 视力 11. frequently adv. 频繁地，经常→_______ adj. 频繁的，经常的 v. 常去，常到(某处)→_______ n. 频率，频繁 12. enable vt. 使能够，使可行→_______ adj. 有能力的→_______ n. 能力 13. prefer vt. 较喜欢，更喜欢→_______ n. 偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物 14. creative adj. 创造性的，创作的；有创造力的→_______ v. 创造；创作；产生→_______ n. 创造；创建；作品→_______ n. 创造者，创作者；造物主 15. revise vt. 改变，修改；修订；复习→_______ n. 复习 16. historian n. 史学工作者，历史学家→_______ n. 历史→_______ adj. 有关历史的→_______ adj. 有历史意义的 17. ensure vt. 保证，确保→_______ v. 向……保证，使确信 18. perform vt. 做，履行；表演 vi. 工作，运转；表演→_______ n. 表演；表现；执行；性能→_______ n. 演员；表演者 19. location n. 外景拍摄地；地方，地点→_______ v. 把……安置在；确定……的位置 20. adapt vt. 改编，改写；使适应 vi. 适应→_______ n. 改编本；适应→_______ adj. 可改编的；能适应的 21. regard vt. 将……认为，看待；注视 n.关心；尊敬 [pl.]致意，问候→_______ prep. 关于，至于 22. classic n. 经典作品，名著 adj. 经典的；古典的→_______ adj. 古典的；经典的 23. solution n. 解决方法，处理手段；答案→_______ v. 解决；处理 24. system n. 系统；制度，体制→_______ adj. 系统化的，有条理的→_______ adv. 有条理地 25. cure n. 药物，疗法；治疗 vt. 治好→_______ adj. 可以治愈的→_______ adj. 不能治愈的 26. typical adj. 典型的，有代表性的→_______ adv. 典型地；有代表性地；通常 27. recommend vt. 推荐，举荐；劝告，建议→_______ n. 推荐；建议；介绍信 28. personality n. 性格，个性；气质→_______ adj. 个人的；人际的；个性的→_______ adv. 就个人而言；亲自 29. major adj. 主要的，重要的→_______ n. 大部分；大多数→(反)_______ n. 少数；少数民族 四、熟词生义 1. sheet 熟义：n. 一张(纸)；薄片 生义：______________ 2. approach熟义：n.方法；接近，靠近 生义：______________ 3. lecture 熟义：n. 讲座，演讲；教训，训斥 生义：______________ 4. title 熟义：n. 名称，标题；称号；职位名称 生义：______________ 5. regard熟义：vt. 将……认为，看待；注视 生义：______________ 6. fancy熟义： adj. 复杂的；花哨的；昂贵的 生义：______________ 7. narrow熟义： adj. 狭窄的；勉强的；狭隘的 生义：______________ 8. wave熟义：vi. & vt. 挥手，招手；挥舞 生义：______________ 9. attach熟义：vt. 把……固定，附上 生义：______________ 五、重点短语 1. ______________在后台，在幕后 2. ______________更不用说，且不说 3. ______________恰当处理(某人或某事)；公平对待(某人或某事)，给予公正的评价 4. ______________除……以外(还) 5. ______________停车，停止 写作 句型 1. [Whatever your answer is], there’s always a lot more to it than whatever引导让步状语从句 there is more to sb./ sth. than meets the eye 某人或某物必表面看到的更加复杂或有趣 first meets the eye. 译文：无论你们的答案是什么，它(电影)都远比你第一眼看到的更为复杂。 2. Actually, the film (you see on the screen) is the product of a huge amount of hard work, 省略that/which引导的定语从句，修饰名词the film (most of which takes place behind the scenes). “代词＋of which”引导非限制性定语从句 译文：事实上，你在银幕上看到的电影是大量艰苦工作的产物，其中大部分工作发生在幕后。 3. [As green doesn’t match any natural hair or skin colour], actors can be easily as引导原因状语从句 separated from the background. 译文: 因为绿色与任何自然的人类发色或肤色都不同，演员可以轻易地与背景分离。 4.The Quidditch scenes in the Harry Potter films were made in this way [with the actors jumping up and down in front of a green screen. ] with的复合结构 译文: “哈利·波特”系列电影中魁地奇比赛的场景就是通过演员在绿幕前上下跳跃这种方式制作的。 5.Hopefully, [next time you go to the cinema], you’ll spare a thought for all those next time 引导时间状语从句 talented people behind the scenes. 译文: 希望下次你们走进电影院时, 能想一想所有幕后那些才华出众的人们。 6. To make a film look real, great effort must sometimes be made to research, find and build objects. 不定式短语作目的状语 译文: 为了使一部电影看起来真实，有时必须付出巨大的努力去研究、发现和建造一些物体。 7. It took 500 workers 100 days to build the fine model, not to mention the thousands of props inside. It takes/took sb some time to do...某人花……时间做某事 译文: 制作这个精致的模型花了500名工人100天的时间，更不用说内部还有成千上万的道具了。 6. But, I do remember [the first time I heard the sweetest voice in the wide world.] do/does/did强调谓语动词 the first time引导时间状语从句 译文：但是，我清楚地记得我第一次听到全世界最甜美的声音时的情景。 语法 主谓一致 写作 写一篇影评 一、知识点精讲 1. familiar adj.熟悉的，常见的 【教材原句】Today, I'll give you a brief introduction to some aspects of film-making you might not be familiar with. 今天,我将向你们简要介绍电影制作中一些你们可能不熟悉的方面。 【词汇拓展】 unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的，不了解的 familiariz(s)e v. (使)熟悉，了解，通晓 familiarity n. 熟悉，通晓，认识 sb. be familiar with sth. 某人熟悉某事物 sth. be familiar to sb. 某物为某人所熟悉 get familiar with... 熟悉起来……(动作) 【易混辨析】 sb.be familiar with sth.某人熟悉某事物 sth.be familiar to sb.某物为某人所熟悉 I’m not familiar with French literature./ French literature is not familiar to me. 我对法国文学不熟悉。 2. attach vt. 认为有重要性，重视；把……固定，附上 【教材原句】Another aspect I attach great importance to is visual special effects. 另一个我非常重视的方面是视觉特效。 【词汇拓展】 attached adj. 附加的；依恋的，爱慕的 attachment n. 附件，附属物；依恋 attach...to... 认为有(重要性、意义)；附上；连接 attach importance/significance/value/...to... 认为……有重要性/意义/价值等 (be) attached to喜欢，依恋；附属于 Sometimes people attach too much importance to economic development. 有时人们把经济发展看得太重要了。 He is deeply attached to the old camera. 他非常喜欢那个旧相机。 I attached a recent photo of myself to the letter. 我随信附上了自己的一张近期照片。 3. aid n. vi. & vt. 帮助；援助；资助 【教材原句】However, the aid of computers isn't always preferred. 然而,计算机的辅助并不总是更受喜爱。  【词汇拓展】 with the aid of sb.＝with one’s aid 在某人的帮助下 come to one’s aid 来帮助某人 first aid 急救 aid sb. in doing sth./ aid sb. with sth. aid sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 Tom's uncle aided him in getting a new job. 汤姆的叔叔帮他找了一份新工作。 He succeeded with the aid of a completely new method he discovered. 借助于自己发现的一种全新的方法，他获得了成功。 4. prefer vt. 较喜欢，更喜欢 【教材原句】However, the aid of computers isn't always preferred. 然而,计算机的辅助并不总是更受喜爱。 【词汇拓展】 prefer A to B 与B相比更喜欢A prefer to do sth.＝prefer doing sth. 更喜欢做某事 prefer (sb.) to do sth. 宁愿(某人)做某事 ·prefer doing (sth.) to doing (sth.)＝prefer to do...rather than do...＝would do...rather than do...＝would rather do...than do... 宁愿做……而不愿做…… have a preference for 对……偏爱 With this experience, they will certainly prefer to help others in future just like the laundrywoman has done. 有了这次经历，他们肯定会愿意在将来帮助别人，就像洗衣女工做的那样。 I must admit that I have a preference for the novels written by this author. 我必须承认我更喜欢这个作者写的小说。 【易混辨析】prefer表示“更喜欢”，相当于like better/more，所以prefer不与比较级连用；prefer的过去式、过去分词为preferred，现在分词为preferring。在prefer to...结构中，to 是不定式符号，后接动词原形；在prefer...to...结构中，to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。 5. approach n. 接近，靠近；方法 vt.接近，靠近；处理 【教材原句】Peter Jackson, director of The Lord of the Rings films, took a creative approach... 《指环王》系列电影的导演彼得·杰克逊采用了一种创造性的方法…… 【词汇拓展】 with...approaching/ as… approaches 在……快到的时候 approach sth./sb. 接近某物/某人 an approach to (doing) sth. (做)某事的方法/途径；接近，靠近 at the approach of 在快到……的时候 At their approach, the little boy ran away and hid. 当他们走近时，那个小男孩跑开并躲藏起来。 I prefer her approach to learning classic literature，which is highly thought of by her Chinese teacher. 我更喜欢她学习古典文学的方法，这是她的语文老师高度评价的。 【易混辨析】approach作名词“方法；通路”解时，其后接介词to。 approach, way, means, method都可表示“方法”, 其搭配分别是: ①the approach to (doing) sth. ②the way to do/of (doing) sth. ③the means of (doing) sth. ④the method of (doing) sth. 6. award n. 奖，奖品，奖金 vt. 授予，给予 【教材原句】It has won many awards, including an Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. 它赢得了许多奖项,包括奥斯卡最佳外语片奖。 【词汇拓展】 give sb. an award 给某人颁奖 an award ceremony 颁奖仪式 win/receive/get an award for sth. 因某事而得奖 award sth.to sb.＝award sb. sth. 授予/判给某人某物 I often dream of performing on a wonderful stage and winning an award for my super performance. 我经常梦想在一个精彩的舞台上表演，并因我一流的表演而得奖。 Learning that you were awarded the first prize, I am writing to express my sincere congratulations to you. 得知你被授予一等奖，我写信向你表示我衷心的祝贺。 The government awarded him a large sum of money for his good deeds./The government awarded a large sum of money to him for his good deeds. 因为做好事，政府给了他一大笔钱。 【易混辨析】award, prize, reward award 指较为正式地或官方地颁发、授予、给予, 也可以指法庭裁决给予的奖励 prize 多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽奖中得奖 reward 多指对某人的工作或服务等的报答、酬谢。reward作名词, 常用give a reward to sb. ; 作动词, 常用reward sb. with sth. 7. perform vi. 表演；工作，运转 vt. 表演；做，履行 【教材原句】However, the film's director, Ang Lee, preferred to have actors perform on location. 然而，电影导演李安更喜欢演员在现场表演。 【词汇拓展】 (1)perform a(n). . . role in　在……中起……作用 perform an operation 动手术 perform one’s duty/promise 尽责任/履行承诺 (2)performance n. 表演; 演奏 give performances/a performance (to…) (给……)表演或演奏 put on performances/a performance 表演; 演出 (3)performer n. 执行者; 表演者 She performs an important role in our organization. 她在我们组织中发挥着重要作用。 It is said that he will give a performance in our city next month. 据说，下个月他要在我们的城市演出。 8. in addition to 除……以外(还) 【教材原句】In addition to the amazing martial arts, the film also took advantage of China’s beautiful mountains, forests and deserts. 除了惊人的武术, 影片还利用了中国美丽的山脉、森林和沙漠。 【词汇拓展】 in addition　　另外, 而且 表示“除了……之外”的词语还有: ①besides/as well as除……之外(还有) ②except 除……之外(不包括) ③except for 除……之外(从某一细节方面纠正以前的概括性说法) ④apart/aside from 除……之外(相当于except和besides) 【易混辨析】in addition, in addition to in addition “另外”, 相当于副词 in addition to “除……以外(还)”, 用作介词短语 9. adapt vt. 改编,改写;使适应 vi. 适应 【教材原句】In 1967, Disney adapted the book into a cartoon film, which is widely regarded as a classic. 1967年,迪士尼公司把这本书改编成一部动画片,这部动画片被广泛认为是一部经典之作。 【词汇拓展】 (1)adapt sth. from　根据……改编某物 be adapted for 为……而改写/改编 (2)adapt oneself to 使某人自己适应…… adapt. . . to. . . 使……适应…… adapt to 适合; 适应 (3)adaptation n. 适应; 改编; 改编本 When you go to a new school, I do hope that you can adapt (yourself) to it as soon as possible and lead a happy life. 当你到了一个新学校，我真的希望你能尽快适应它，过上愉快的生活。 As a famous writer, three of her novels have been adapted for television series. 作为一名著名作家，她的三部小说已经被改编成电视连续剧。 I am writing to ask you to help us with our English short play adapted from our English text. 我写信请求您就我们的英语短剧给予我们帮助，该短剧改编自我们的英语课文。 10. regard vt. 将……认为, 看待; 注视 【教材原句】In 1967, Disney adapted the book into a cartoon film, which is widely regarded as a classic. 1967年,迪士尼公司把这本书改编成一部动画片,这部动画片被广泛认为是一部经典之作。 【词汇拓展】 (1)regard. . . as　把……当作, 把……看作 as regards 关于, 至于 (2)regard n. 注意, 关心, 敬佩 in this regard 在这方面 with/in regard to 关于, 至于 have regard for 敬佩; 重视 (3)regarding prep. 关于 Impressionism is regarded as the beginning of what we call “modern art” today.印象派被认为是我们今天所说的“现代艺术”的开端。 You have asked for my advice with/in regard to the students’ safety at school and I will try to make some recommendations. 你向我征求有关学生在校安全问题的建议，我会尽力提出一些建议。 11. cure n. 药物, 疗法; 治疗 vt. 治好 【教材原句】The Prince has given up hope of a cure but his wife, Elizabeth, takes him to see Lionel Logue, an Australian speech doctor living in London. 亲王已经放弃了治愈的希望, 但他的妻子伊丽莎白带他去看莱昂内尔·洛格医生, 一位住在伦敦的澳大利亚语言治疗师。 【词汇拓展】 a cure for sth. 　 医治某种病的疗法 cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人的病; 改掉某人的坏习惯 I hold the firm belief that scientists will find a cure for cancer sooner or later.我坚信科学家们迟早有一天会找到治疗癌症的方法。 She tried every means to cure her child of the bad habit.她想尽了一切办法来改掉她孩子的这个坏习惯。 【拓展延伸】常见的“动词+sb. +of+sth. ”结构还有: ①remind sb. of sth. 　 提醒某人某事 ②warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事 ③rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物 ④inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事 ⑤cheat sb. of sth. 欺骗某人某事 ⑥suspect sb. of sth. 怀疑某人某事 【易混辨析】cure/ heal/ treat cure 作为动词，多用于疾病方面，强调结果，意为“治好，治愈”，是及物动词，其主语可以是医生，也可以是某种药。表示“治好某人的某种疾病”，要用cure sb. of sth. treat 强调“治疗”这一动作，不涉及结果，用于treat sb. for sth.结构中 heal 多用于治愈外伤，指伤口愈合 12. typical adj. 典型的, 有代表性的 【教材原句】The film looks like a fairly typical historical film without fancy special effects... 这部电影看起来像一部相当典型的历史电影,没有花哨的特效…… (教材P9) 【词汇拓展】 (1)be typical of sb. /sth. 　是……的特点 It is typical of sb. to do sth. ________________ (2)typically adv. 典型地; 有代表性地; 一向如此 As is known to all, Confucian culture is typical of Chinese culture. 众所周知,儒家文化是中国文化的典型。 It is typical of her to arrive late. 她这个人就是爱迟到。 13. recommend vt. 推荐, 举荐; 劝告, 建议 【教材原句】All in all, I highly recommend this film. 总之,我强烈推荐这部电影。 【词汇拓展】 (1)recommend sth. to sb. 　 向某人推荐某物 recommend sb. as. . . 推荐某人担任…… recommend doing sth. 建议做某事 recommend sb. to do sth. 推荐某人做某事 recommend that. . . =It is recommended that. . . 建议…… (2)recommendation n. 推荐, 建议 I recommend him as chairman of Students’ Union. 我推荐他担任学生会主席。 I recommended the reference book to my students. 我向我的学生推荐了这本参考书。  He recommended reading the book before seeing the movie. 他建议先看这本书, 再去看这部电影。  14. major adj. 主要的, 重要的 n. 专业vi. 主修 【教材原句】He sees, and sometimes influences, some of the major events of the United States in the second half of the 20th century. 20世纪下半叶美国社会发生的一些重大事件, 他是亲历者。 【词汇拓展】 (1)major ________ 主修 (2)majority n. 多数; 大半 in the majority 占大多数 (3)minor adj. 较小的; 次要的 minority n. 少数; 少数民族 in the minority ________ I am always weak in math in high school, so I think I will choose to major in literature in college. 我在高中数学一直很差, 所以我认为我在大学会选文学专业。  It’s by no means accident that women are in the majority in the nursing and teaching professions. 女性在护理和教育行业中占多数, 这绝非偶然。 After all, those who think only of themselves instead of others are in the minority. 只考虑自己不考虑他人的人毕竟占少数。 15. with 复合结构 【教材原句】The Quidditch scenes in the Harry Potter films were made in this way with the actors jumping up and down in front of a green screen. “哈利·波特”系列电影中魁地奇比赛的场景就是通过演员在绿幕前上下跳跃这种方式制作的。 【句型分析】 本句含有with 复合结构，在句中作状语。with复合结构在句中常作状语，表示伴随状况、原因、方式、条件等。常用结构如下： with＋宾语＋ With so much work to do, I was so anxious that I had trouble sleeping. 有这么多工作要做，我很担心，无法入眠。 With everything prepared well, he jumped with joy, his eyes glittering with excitement. 一切都准备好了，他高兴地跳了起来，眼中闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 Our teacher, who had a kind and friendly personality, came in with a book in his hand. 我们有着友善品质的老师，他手里拿着一本书进来了。 16. next time 引导时间状语从句 【教材原句】Hopefully, next time you go to the cinema, you’ll spare a thought for all those talented people behind the scenes. 希望下次你们走进电影院时，能想一想所有那些才华出众的幕后工作者。(P3) 本句中next time用作连词，引导时间状语从句，有这类用法的词汇还有： ·the first time第一次；the last time上一次；each/every time每次/每当 一……就…… Every time I got into trouble, you would turn up in time and give me a hand. 每次我遇到困难，你都会及时出现并给予我帮助。 Next time you visit Bob, remember to give him a call in advance. 下次你去看鲍勃时，要记得提前给他打电话。 The instant/moment/minute/Instantly/Immediately/Directly I saw the frightening bear biting our wire fence, I held my breath, not daring to make a movement. 一看到那头可怕的熊在咬我们的金属丝栅栏，我就屏住呼吸，一动也不敢动。 The first time you give a lecture, it is very normal to feel nervous. 第一次做演讲，你感到紧张是很正常的。 17. 助动词强调谓语 【教材原句】But, I do remember the first time I heard the sweetest voice in the wide world. 但是, 我确实记得我第一次听到这个广阔世界上最甜美的声音。 【句式解构】本句中do强调谓语。do表示强调时, 时态与句子的时态一致。do/does/did的强调用法常用于一般过去时或一般现在时的肯定陈述句及祈使句中。 I do believe that you’ll succeed in time. 我坚信, 你迟早会成功的。 He did give the boy a toy car as a reward for his help. 他确实给了那个男孩一辆玩具车作为对他提供帮助的奖赏。 He does work out/take exercise to keep fit every day. 为了保持健康, 他的确每天都运动。 二、核心语法精讲 一、语法一致原则 　　此原则是指在语法形式上取得一致, 谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定。 1. 可数名词单数、不可数名词、单个动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语及表示时间、金钱、度量衡等概念的名词作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数形式。 To see is to believe. 眼见为实。 Reading aloud is very important in learning English. 学习英语时大声朗读非常重要。 When they could finish the task is not known yet. 他们何时能完成任务还未知。 2. 由连接词and或both. . . and连接的名词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及句子作主语时, 谓语动词要用复数形式。 Both eggs and milk are good for your health. 鸡蛋和牛奶都对你的健康有好处。 Jogging and swimming are beneficial to our health. 慢跑和游泳都对我们的健康有益。 【名师点津】 (1)and连接的两个并列主语在意义上指同一人、同一事物或同一概念时, 谓语动词用单数。 (2)由and连接的并列单数主语前若有no, each, every, many a等修饰, 谓语动词要用单数。 All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只工作不玩耍, 聪明孩子也变傻。 Every hour and every minute is important. 每一小时和每一分钟都是重要的。 3. “名词+as well as, rather than, like, but, except, besides, with, together with, along with, including, in addition to+ 名词”结构作主语时, 谓语动词同第一个名词的数保持一致。 Modern teaching equipment as well as hundreds of computers was sent to the village school last week. 上周现代化的教学设备和几百台电脑被送到了那所乡村学校。 The teacher, together with many students, is playing basketball on the playground. 这个老师和很多学生一起在操场上打篮球。 4. “more than one或many a + 单数名词”作主语时, 尽管其意义为复数, 但谓语动词还是用单数形式。 Many a student is looking forward to visiting the country at present. 现在许多学生都盼望着去访问这个国家。 More than one person has heard of the story. 不止一个人听说过这个故事。 5. 不定代词either, neither, each, every 或no +单数名词和由some, any, no, every与thing, body, one构成的复合不定代词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。 Nothing in the world moves faster than light yet. 世上目前没有什么东西比光传播得更快。 Either of you is to hand out the gifts to the students. 你们俩当中的一个人要给学生分发礼物。 6. 由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语时, 其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。 Three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water. 地球表面四分之三为水所覆盖。 Most of the students in our class come from the countryside. 我们班的大多数学生来自农村。 7. 在定语从句中, 关系代词that, who, which等作主语时, 其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。 Anyone who breaks the law will be punished. 任何违犯法律的人都将被处罚。 I, who am your friend, once told you so. 我是你的朋友, 曾经告诉过你的。 【名师点津】 “one of +复数名词+who/which/that” 引导的定语从句中, 若关系代词在定语从句中充当主语, 谓语动词常用复数形式。若one 前有the only/very/right 修饰时, 从句中的谓语动词用单数形式。 He is one of the students who have passed the exam. 他是通过这次考试的学生之一。 He is the only one of the students who has passed the exam. 他是通过这次考试的唯一的学生。 8. 由两部分组成的表示衣物或工具的名词作主语时, 如glasses, spectacles, shoes, boots, trousers/pants, compasses, chopsticks, scissors, socks等, 谓语动词通常用复数, 但当这类词被a pair of修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。 His trousers are made by his mother herself. 他的裤子是妈妈自己做的。 This pair of scissors is made in Hangzhou. 这把剪刀是杭州制造的。 9. “kind/form/type/sort/species/series +of + 名词” 作主语时, 谓语动词的单复数形式取决于这些词的单复数而不是它们后面所跟的名词。 All kinds of difficulties have to be overcome. 必须克服各种各样的困难。 This kind of rose in the garden smells very pleasant. 这座花园里的这种玫瑰香气怡人。 二、意义一致原则 　　此原则是指谓语动词的单复数形式根据主语的意义而不是形式决定。当主语形式为单数, 而意义为复数时, 谓语动词要用复数形式; 当主语形式为复数, 而意义却为单数时, 谓语动词用单数形式。 1. 有些名词, 如people, cattle, police, trousers等, 没有单数形式, 作主语时, 谓语动词只能用复数。 The police were sent to the spot to keep order immediately. 警察立即被派往现场维持秩序。 At least ten people were killed in the crash. 至少有十人在撞车事故中丧生。 2. 英语中一些单复数同形的名词作主语时, 应根据其表达的意义来决定谓语动词的单复数形式, 这类名词常见的有sheep, deer, fish, means, species, Chinese, Japanese, series等。 Every possible means has been used to prevent the air pollution. 为了防止大气污染, 每一种可能的方法都用过了。 All means have been tried to ease the traffic jams. 为了缓解交通堵塞, 所有的方法都试过了。 3. 有些集体名词, 如public, family, enemy, audience, government, group, committee, team, media, staff, crew等作主语时, 谓语动词的数要根据其表示的意义而定。如果该名词表示一个整体, 其谓语动词用单数形式; 但当这些集体名词表示集体中的若干个体时, 谓语动词用复数形式。 The family is the tiniest cell of the society. 家庭是社会最小的单元。 My family are all fond of pop music. 我们全家都喜欢流行音乐。 4. “the +形容词或过去分词”表示一类人时, 谓语动词用复数形式; 当“the + 形容词”指一个人或表示一种抽象概念或品质时, 谓语动词用单数形式。 The poor were usually looked down upon by the rich in the past. 过去, 穷人常被富人瞧不起。 The beauty is always liked by everyone. 美好的东西总是被每个人喜欢。 5. 有些以s结尾表示学科名称的词, 如physics, mathematics, economics, politics等, 以及用作书名、地名、国名、地区名的复数名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。 Politics is a complicated subject. 政治是一门复杂的学科。 The United Nations plays an important role in international affairs. 联合国在国际事务中起着重要作用。 6. 表示距离、长度、价值、金额、重量等的复数名词作主语时, 如作为一个整体来看待的话, 谓语动词通常用单数。 Two hours is a short time when you are enjoying a fascinating movie. 当你在享受一部非常好的电影时, 两小时是很短的时间。 Fifteen miles seems to me a long walk. 十五英里在我看来是很长的一段路。 7. “a number of+复数名词”作主语时, 谓语动词用复数形式; “the number of+复数名词”作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。 The number of students in this school is increasing. 这所学校的学生人数在增加。 A number of students are planting trees on the hill. 许多学生在小山上植树。 三、就近一致原则 　　此原则是指谓语动词的人称和数须与邻近的主语保持一致。 1. 在there be 结构、here 以及表示地点的介词词组位于句首引起的倒装句中, 谓语动词的人称和数应与最近的一个主语保持一致。 There is a pen and many pencils on the table. 桌子上有一支钢笔和许多铅笔。 2. 当either. . . or. . . ; neither. . . nor. . . ; not only. . . but also. . . ; not. . . but. . . ; or; nor等并列连词连接两个主语时, 谓语动词的人称和数应与邻近的主语保持一致。 Not only my father, but also all of us are looking forward to meeting my uncle. 不仅我父亲, 而且我们所有人都盼望着见到我叔叔。 Neither the teacher nor the students were informed of the result of the test. 老师和学生们都不知道考试结果。 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 影评就是观众在观看完电影后的所感所想, 主要以一般现在时介绍剧情内容及发表自己的看法。此类文章通常采用第一人称和第三人称。 2. 写作框架 3. 写作素材 (1)话题词汇 ①be based on以……为基础 ②be directed by 由……导演 ③learn from… 从……中学习 ④be popular with… 受……欢迎 ⑤be set in以……为背景 ⑥the martial arts武术 ⑦romantic scenes浪漫的场景 ⑧play the part of扮演 ⑨the most exciting moments最激动人心的时刻 ⑩to everyone’s surprise让所有人感到吃惊的是 ⑪masterpiece杰作 (2)话题句式 ①The new Chinese TV series is making waves in China and abroad. There must be more stories behind the scenes. 这部新的中国电视剧在国内外掀起了波澜, 其幕后一定有更多故事。 ②The film was adapted from a novel, which told that a couple adopted a flexible way to bring up their adopted son, who gradually adapted to his new family. 这部电影是由一部小说改编来的, 它讲述了一对夫妇采用一种灵活的方法来抚养他们收养的儿子, 使他逐渐适应了他的新家庭的故事。 ③This film tells us a story about how a common panda becomes a real dragon warrior. 这部电影为我们讲述了一个平凡的熊猫是怎样成为一个真正的龙武士的。 ④This movie tells us that every difficulty can be overcome as long as you try your utmost persistently. 这部电影告诉我们这样一个道理: 只要你坚持不懈地努力, 任何困难都能克服。 ⑤The film is well worth seeing, as it carried the main idea that justice can always beat evil. 这部电影很值得观看, 因为它告诉我们正义一定会战胜邪恶。 ⑥What I have to admit is that this movie is wonderful, such as its advanced digital video effect and the worry about the future of human beings. 我不得不承认的是这部电影很不错, 比如它先进的数字视频特效和对于人类未来的担忧。 (3)范文背诵 　Harry Potter is a magical tale which is based on the novel of the English writer J. K. Rowling and directed by Chris Columbus. 　　In the movie, Harry, whose parents are dead, is badly treated at his aunt’s home. But fortunately, on his eleventh birthday, he is invited to go to Hogwarts, a magic school. 　　It is a place full of magic and wonders, where Harry learns magic, has many adventurous and wonderful experiences and makes several good friends. He also learns how to get true friendship and how to be brave. 　　The movie Harry Potter is a great success and it is popular with people all over the world. It’s well worth seeing. By watching this movie, we learn to believe in ourselves and help others. 易错点01 不同的风景 【错因辨析】 词语 意义及用法 例句 scene “风景，景象”，它侧重指被当作一个整体而看到的自然风景，含有人和人的动作在内。常作可数名词 There were distressing scenes when the earthquake occurred. 地震发生时，常有悲惨的景象。 scenery “风景”，指某一地区总的自然景色，特别是美丽的自然风景，常作不可数名词 The grassland scenery of Tibet is unrivalled. 西藏的草原风景是无与伦比的。 view 指从某一位置所看到的风景、景色，也可以指风景画、风景照 He always sits here and looks at the view. 他总是坐在这里观看景色。 sight 指某一地区值得观看的建筑物、胜地、风景等，常作复数 The Great Wall is one of the sights of the world. 长城是世界名胜之一。 【对点训练】选词填空(scene/scenery/view/sight) ①As he reached the front door, Jack saw a strange _______. ②He photographed a wide range of street _______. ③The beautiful _______ in the mountain attracted all of us. ④One of the advantages of living on the top floor of a high building is that you can get a good _______. 易错点02 in addition/ in addition to 【错因辨析】 in addition to＝besides/apart from 除……之外还…… (介词短语，后跟名词、代词、动名词) in addition＝besides/furthermore/what’s more另外，而且 (介词短语作副词用，单独作状语) 【对点训练】 1. _____________________ my studies, I take part in lots of physical activities. 除了学习之外，我还参加了很多体育活动。 2. _____________________, we should use new energy to keep our environment free of pollution. 此外，我们应该使用新能源来保持我们的环境免受污染。 易错点03 with的复合结构 (宾语补足语) 【错因辨析】 with＋宾语＋ 【对点训练】 (1)Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms, __________________________________________. (2)With _____________________, I was so anxious that I had trouble sleeping. 有这么多工作要做，我很担心，无法入眠。 (3) ____________________________, he jumped with joy, his eyes glittering with excitement. 一切都准备好了，他高兴地跳了起来，眼中闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 (4)Our teacher, who had a kind and friendly personality, came in _____________________. 我们有着友善品质的老师，他手里拿着一本书进来了。 易错点04 what引导的主语从句充当主语时,的谓语动词 【错因辨析】 由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。 【对点训练】 (1)What I bought _______ three English books. 我买的是三本英语书。 (2)What I need _______ time. 我所需要的是时间。 (3)What my father left _______ a few English books. 我父亲留下的是几本英语书。 *(4)What you need _______ more practice. 你需要的是更多的练习。 一、默写重点单词 1. _______ adj. 熟悉的，常见的 2. _______ n. vt. & vi. 帮助；援助 3. _______ n. 方法；接近，靠近 vt. 接近，靠近；处理 4. _______ n. 讲座，演讲；教训，训斥 vi. 开讲座，讲课 vt. 指责，训斥 5. _______ n. 奖，奖品，奖金 vt. 授予，给予 6. _______ vt. 改编，改写；使适应 vi. 适应 7. _______ vt. 将……认为，看待；注视 8. _______ adj. 狭窄的；勉强的；狭隘的 vt. & vi. (使)窄小，缩小 9. _______ prep. 即使，尽管 10. _______ vi. & vt. 挥手，招手；挥舞 n. 海浪；大量涌现 二、词汇运用 1. Senior citizens and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the world using high-tech cameras a_______ to the head. 2. Tom had not p_______ well in his exams, which really let down his parents. 3. This place doesn't look _______(熟悉的) at all; we must be lost. 4. I’d like to have a look at the book whose t_______ is Arabian Nights. 5. The materials can be _______(改编) for use with older children. 6. There are several _______(解决办法) to the problem, so we can think about them and choose the best one. 7. Even in this small village, you can find some _______(典型的) British clubs. 8. The door opened and in 8 came a troop of children in all sorts of _______(奇特的) dresses. 9. Although there is no c_______(治疗) for AIDS, medications have been proved to be highly effective in fighting HIV. 10. Early this morning, Tom called and r_______(推荐) booking flights early to get the best prices. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 11. The pair posed for a photo together d_______ only being acquaintances before the race began. 12. The Asian Games is the biggest sports e_______ for Asian People. 13. The _______(主要的) subjects in senior high schools are Chinese, English and mathematics. 14. The _______ crashed against the rocks, sending white foam into the air. (根据句意单词拼写) 15. We have a long _______(狭窄的) area and the motorway has cut it in half. 三、重点句型 1. _____________________, there’s always a lot more to it than first meets the eye. 无论你们的答案是什么，它(电影)都远比你第一眼看到的更为复杂。 2. The Quidditch scenes in the Harry Potter films were made in this way _____________________. “哈利·波特”系列电影中魁地奇比赛的场景就是通过演员在绿幕前上下跳跃这种方式制作的。 3. Hopefully, _____________________, you’ll spare a thought for all those talented people behind the scenes. 希望下次你们走进电影院时, 能想一想所有幕后那些才华出众的人们。 4. _____________________, great effort must sometimes be made to research，find and build objects. 为了使一部电影看起来真实，有时必须付出巨大的努力去研究、发现和建造一些物体。 5. _____________________, not to mention the thousands of props inside. 制作这个精致的模型花了500 名工人100 天的时间， 更不用说内部还有成千上万的道具了。 6. But, I _____________________ the first time I heard the sweetest voice in the wide world. 但是，我清楚地记得我第一次听到全世界最甜美的声音时的情景。 四、课文语法填空 Reading Film-making involves great efforts behind the scenes, of which some aspects are not familiar 1._______ the audience. One typical example is the sound effect. Contrary to 2._______ many people may expect, they are often added after a scene 3._______(shoot). In fact, sound effects are often made by mixing different sounds on computers. Another important aspect of film-making process where computers 4._______(use) is visual special effects.And CGI is a technology 5._______(frequent) used in making such effects. However，not all 6._______(direct) prefer the aid of computers in their works. Some of them employ creative approaches 7._______(achieve) their goals. Of course，what contributes to a 8._______(succeed) film includes many other aspects. For instance，great effort is made to research，find and build props in order to make a film look real. In short，it is the joint efforts of many 9._______(talent) people 10._______ are behind the scenes of a great film and they deserve all the credit. Extended reading Forrest Gump is a 1994 film 1._______(star) Tom Hanks. It tells the story of Forrest Gump，a simple man with a warm personality. Despite an IQ of 75，he lives a 2._______(true) amazing life. He sees, and sometimes influences, some of the major events of the United States in the second half of the 3._______(twenty) century. 4._______ Forrest says, he remembers the bus ride on the first day of school very well. Mrs Gump and Forrest are waiting 5._______ the school bus when the bus pulls up. His mum tells him 6._______(do) his best and he promises. He walks to the steps of the bus. After he makes a small talk with the driver，he gets on the bus. He begins to look around for a seat but 7._______(refuse) by a larger girl and three boys. Just at that time he hears the sweetest voice in the world 8._______(say), “You can sit here if you want.” Of course，he sits down next to the young girl. They have a conversation all the way to school. And from that day on they are always together like peas and 9._______(carrot). He says he can forget anything but the moment 10._______ he heard the sweetest voice in the world. 五、阅读理解 A Tilly Norwood officially made her acting debut in October 2025 at the Zurich Film Festival. She first appeared in the short film AI Commissioner three months earlier. But Norwood was made by artificial intelligence (AI). The AI “actress” was created by Xicoia, the AI branch of the UK production company Particle6. And AI Commissioner is an AI-generated short film, written by ChatGPT. Norwood introduces a new type of technology to Hollywood. Unlike computer-generated imagery, where an actor’s movements are turned into a digital character, there is no human behind Norwood’s performance. Every expression and line delivery is created by AI. Norwood has been trained on the performances of hundreds of actors, without any payment or consent. She draws on the information from those performances for her expressions and line delivery. Her arrival comes less than two years after the artist strikes that brought Hollywood to a standstill, with AI a central issue in the protests. Norwood also started a debate on what counts as art. We consider creativity to be a human quality. Art is generally understood as an expression of human experience. However, Norwood’s performances do not come from such creativity or human experience; instead, a database of pre-existing performances. How can that be compared with actors’ performances — a craft they have developed throughout years of practice and hard work in their careers? Also, Norwood’s survival depends on how the audience feels. If they do accept AI actors, there could be a major effect on jobs. Entry- and mid-level acting jobs could disappear. AI actors could also reduce the demand for whole creative teams — from makeup and costume to lighting and set design — since they reduce the need for on-set artistry. Norwood is not a question of the future of Hollywood. She is a cultural stress test — a case study in how much we value human creativity. AI is here, and some audiences will accept it. The risk is that in choosing imitation(模仿) over human artistry, we change culture in ways that cannot be easily reversed(逆转). 1. What kind of film is AI Commissioner? A. An old-school movie. B. A science fiction movie. C. An independent film of Zurich. D. A film wholly made by non-human. 2. What can be learnt about Norwood? A. She is popular with audiences. B. She is replacing human performers. C. She learns acting from data-collection. D. She is a product of Hollywood strike. 3. What can be concluded from the last paragraph? A. AI imitation brings damage to humans. B. AI stars will be part of Hollywood. C. Hollywood won’t value human creativity. D. AI performers will be accepted by all the audience. 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. AI-generated films redefine art. B. Film industry faces new challenges. C. Imitation of human artistry damages movies. D. An AI actress made her first appearance. B With the popularity of digital filming equipment, making short films has become a new favorite among teenagers. Unlike traditional professional movies that require huge teams and costly devices, modern filming allows ordinary students to record stories with simple cameras, proper lighting and basic editing skills. Liu Yu, a high school student, recently won a city youth film award with his self-created short film. Instead of focusing on fancy scenes or special effects, his film records the daily life of elderly craftsmen who stick to traditional handmade skills. He shot all the materials with a smartphone, adjusted soft lighting to create a warm atmosphere, and edited the videos patiently in his spare time. It took him nearly three months to finish the whole work. “Many teenagers love watching movies, but few try to create their own works,” Liu Yu said in an interview. “Filming is not just about taking beautiful pictures. It teaches me to observe life carefully and tell stories with screens. Lights and cameras are simple tools, but they help us discover the beauty around us and spread positive values.” He also added that creating a film taught him teamwork and time management, as he discussed plot designs and scene arrangements with his classmates. A professional film critic spoke highly of student-made short films. He believes that teenage creators have unique and fresh views of the world. Their works may lack perfect technology, but they are full of sincerity and creativity. Nowadays, more schools are providing basic filming courses, teaching students shooting skills, lighting settings and video editing. These practical abilities greatly enrich students’ after-school life and broaden their horizons. However, the critic also reminded young creators that a good film relies on a meaningful story rather than fancy equipment. Technology serves the content, and sincere emotion and positive themes are always the soul of a wonderful film. 5. What do we know about Liu Yu’s award-winning short film? A. It was completed with professional devices. B. It focuses on the life of traditional craftsmen. C. It is famous for amazing special effects. D. It took only several weeks to finish. 6. According to Liu Yu, what is the value of making short films? A. It helps him get more awards. B. It makes him popular among classmates. C. It allows him to master professional editing skills. D. It enables him to learn life observation and cooperation. 7. Which statement does the film critic agree with? A. Student films are worthless without perfect technology. B. Fancy equipment is the key to a successful film. C. True feelings and meaningful content matter most in films. D. Schools should offer more competition chances for students. 8. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To show how teenagers win film competitions. B. To explain why student-made short films are valuable. C. To introduce basic skills of shooting short films. D. To compare student films and professional movies. 六、完形填空 I started taking theater classes at the age of 7. I 1 to act in plays, television shows and movies throughout my teens. Acting gave me experiences I didn’t have the 2 to have in my own life. When I was acting, I always knew what 3 were coming next and was ready with a smart 4 . But in real life, my brain would 5 or words would get caught in my mouth. When I was me, I was 6 and afraid to do anything dangerous or wrong. But I could do or say 7 things in character because I was 8 following the script’s direction. Acting also allowed me to be 9 to other times and places like I’d dreamed. I dressed up and lived in 1930s Newfoundland, 1950s Kansas and a magical world run by children. I was an alien, a ringmaster, a superhero and a spy — each 10 opened a door to a life I could never have known otherwise. Performing was a wonderful 11 from my youthful shyness. In real life, I was 12 the most popular girl in school, but I played one on TV. By 13 the other people, I gained confidence in myself. If directors thought an audience would believe that I was bold or funny or attractive, maybe I might 14 that image a little more in real life too. Acting had cast its spell on me. But ultimately, I left it because it was time to stop living inside someone else’s story. I was 15 to be me. 1. A. promised B. longed C. hesitated D. proceeded 2. A. energy B. patience C. motivation D. opportunity 3. A. lines B. solutions C. rewards D. consequences 4. A. conclusion B. comment C. response D. instruction 5. A. freeze B. race C. wander D. focus 6. A. desperate B. cautious C. lonely D. ashamed 7. A. wild B. secure C. private D. complicated 8. A. frequently B. simply C. gradually D. fortunately 9. A. abandoned B. restricted C. addicted D. transported 10. A. struggle B. identity C. job D. stranger 11. A. benefit B. message C. escape D. protection 12. A. in a sense B. by no means C. for no reason D. at one time 13. A. volunteering B. determining C. pretending D. declining 14. A. live up to B. put up with C. break away from D. look out for 15. A. born B. regretful C. relieved D. ready 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Lights, camera, action! 词汇 一、阅读词汇 1. documentary n. 纪录片，纪实节目 adj.文件的；纪录的 2. fiction n. 小说；虚构的事 3. science fiction科幻电影(或小说等) 4. dinosaur n. 恐龙 5. roar n. & vi. 咆哮，吼叫 6. prop n. 道具；支柱，支撑物 7. Atlantic adj. 大西洋的 8. iceberg n. 冰山 9. martial adj. 战争的，军事的 10. martial art 武术 11. recollect vt. & vi. 记起，回忆起 12. angel n. 天使；善人 13. dandy adj. 非常好的，极佳的 14. crooked adj. 不直的，弯曲的 15. pea n. 豌豆 二、写作词汇 1. factor n. 因素，要素 2. sheet n. 一张(纸)；床单，被单；薄片 3. envelope n. 信封 5. studio n. 电影摄影棚；录音室 6. aid n. vt. & vi. 帮助；援助 7. approach n. 方法；接近，靠近 vt. 接近，靠近；处理 8. angle n. 角度；立 场，观点 9. ocean n. 大洋，海洋 10. lecture n. 讲座，演讲；教训，训斥 vi. 开讲座，讲课 vt. 指责，训斥 11. justice n. 公平，公正；公道，合理 12. dragon n. 龙 13. award n. 奖，奖品，奖金 vt. 授予，给予 14. audience n. 观众，听众 15. desert n. 沙漠，荒漠 16. jungle n. 丛林，密林 17. title n. 名称，标题；称号；职位名称 18. regard vt. 将……认为，看待；注视 19. super adj. 极好的，了不起的，超级的 20. onto prep. 向，朝 21. eventually adv. 最后，终于 22. fancy adj. 复杂的；花哨的；昂贵的 vt. 想要，想做；倾慕 23. narrow adj. 狭窄的；勉强的；狭隘的 vt. & vi. (使)窄小，缩小 24. despite prep. 即使，尽管 25. event n. 事件；活动 26. wave vi. & vt. 挥手，招手；挥舞 n. 海浪；大量涌现 27. recall vt. & vi. 回想，回忆起 28. arrow n. 箭；箭头 三、拓展词汇 1. type n. 类型, 种类 vt. & vi. 打字→typist n. 打字员 2. comedy n. 喜剧片，喜剧→comedian n. 喜剧演员 3. fantasy n. 幻想作品；幻想，想象→fantastic adj. 了不起的 4. horror n. 恐怖电影(或故事等)；震惊，恐惧→horrible adj.可怕的；令人恐惧的→horribly adv. 可怕地；令人恐惧地 5. romance n. 爱情故事；浪漫史；爱情→romantic adj. 浪漫的；爱情的；(Romantic)浪漫的→romantically adv. 浪漫地 6. actually adv. 实际上，事实上→actual adj.真实的；实际的 7. brief adj. 简洁的，简单的；短时间的→briefly adv. 简洁地，简单地 8. familiar adj. 熟悉的，常见的→unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的，不了解的→familiariz(s)e v. (使)熟悉，了解，通晓→familiarity n. 熟悉，通晓，认识 9. attach vt. 认为有重要性，重视；把……固定，附上→attachment n. 附件；附属物；依恋→attached adj. 依恋的，爱慕的；附属的 10. visual adj. 视力的，视觉的→vision n. 视力 11. frequently adv. 频繁地，经常→frequent adj. 频繁的，经常的 v. 常去，常到(某处)→frequency n. 频率，频繁 12. enable vt. 使能够，使可行→able adj. 有能力的→ability n. 能力 13. prefer vt. 较喜欢，更喜欢→preference n. 偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物 14. creative adj. 创造性的，创作的；有创造力的→create v. 创造；创作；产生→creation n. 创造；创建；作品→creator n. 创造者，创作者；造物主 15. revise vt. 改变，修改；修订；复习→revision n. 复习 16. historian n. 史学工作者，历史学家→history n. 历史→historical adj. 有关历史的→historic adj. 有历史意义的 17. ensure vt. 保证，确保→assure v. 向……保证，使确信 18. perform vt. 做，履行；表演 vi. 工作，运转；表演→performance n. 表演；表现；执行；性能→performer n. 演员；表演者 19. location n. 外景拍摄地；地方，地点→locate v. 把……安置在；确定……的位置 20. adapt vt. 改编，改写；使适应 vi. 适应→adaptation n. 改编本；适应→adaptable adj. 可改编的；能适应的 21. regard vt. 将……认为，看待；注视 n.关心；尊敬 [pl.]致意，问候→regarding prep. 关于，至于 22. classic n. 经典作品，名著 adj. 经典的；古典的→classical adj. 古典的；经典的 23. solution n. 解决方法，处理手段；答案→solve v. 解决；处理 24. system n. 系统；制度，体制→systematic adj. 系统化的，有条理的→systematically adv. 有条理地 25. cure n. 药物，疗法；治疗 vt. 治好→curable adj. 可以治愈的→incurable adj. 不能治愈的 26. typical adj. 典型的，有代表性的→typically adv. 典型地；有代表性地；通常 27. recommend vt. 推荐，举荐；劝告，建议→recommendation n. 推荐；建议；介绍信 28. personality n. 性格，个性；气质→personal adj. 个人的；人际的；个性的→personally adv. 就个人而言；亲自 29. major adj. 主要的，重要的→majority n. 大部分；大多数→(反)minority n. 少数；少数民族 四、熟词生义 1. sheet 熟义：n. 一张(纸)；薄片 生义：床单，被单 2. approach熟义：n.方法；接近，靠近 生义：vt. 接近，靠近；处理 3. lecture 熟义：n. 讲座，演讲；教训，训斥 生义：vi. 开讲座，讲课 vt. 指责，训斥 4. title 熟义：n. 名称，标题；称号；职位名称 生义：命名 5. regard熟义：vt. 将……认为，看待；注视 生义：n. 关心；尊敬 [pl.]致意，问候 6. fancy熟义： adj. 复杂的；花哨的；昂贵的 生义：vt. 想要，想做；倾慕 7. narrow熟义： adj. 狭窄的；勉强的；狭隘的 生义：vt. & vi. (使)窄小，缩小 8. wave熟义：vi. & vt. 挥手，招手；挥舞 生义：n. 海浪；大量涌现 9. attach熟义：vt. 把……固定，附上 生义：vt. 认为有重要性，重视 五、重点短语 1. behind the scenes在后台，在幕后 2. not to mention更不用说，且不说 3. do justice to恰当处理(某人或某事)；公平对待(某人或某事)，给予公正的评价 4. in addition to除……以外(还) 5. pull up停车，停止 写作 句型 1. [Whatever your answer is], there’s always a lot more to it than whatever引导让步状语从句 there is more to sb./ sth. than meets the eye 某人或某物必表面看到的更加复杂或有趣 first meets the eye. 译文：无论你们的答案是什么，它(电影)都远比你第一眼看到的更为复杂。 2. Actually, the film (you see on the screen) is the product of a huge amount of hard work, 省略that/which引导的定语从句，修饰名词the film (most of which takes place behind the scenes). “代词＋of which”引导非限制性定语从句 译文：事实上，你在银幕上看到的电影是大量艰苦工作的产物，其中大部分工作发生在幕后。 3. [As green doesn’t match any natural hair or skin colour], actors can be easily as引导原因状语从句 separated from the background. 译文: 因为绿色与任何自然的人类发色或肤色都不同，演员可以轻易地与背景分离。 4.The Quidditch scenes in the Harry Potter films were made in this way [with the actors jumping up and down in front of a green screen. ] with的复合结构 译文: “哈利·波特”系列电影中魁地奇比赛的场景就是通过演员在绿幕前上下跳跃这种方式制作的。 5.Hopefully, [next time you go to the cinema], you’ll spare a thought for all those next time 引导时间状语从句 talented people behind the scenes. 译文: 希望下次你们走进电影院时, 能想一想所有幕后那些才华出众的人们。 6. To make a film look real, great effort must sometimes be made to research, find and build objects. 不定式短语作目的状语 译文: 为了使一部电影看起来真实，有时必须付出巨大的努力去研究、发现和建造一些物体。 7. It took 500 workers 100 days to build the fine model, not to mention the thousands of props inside. It takes/took sb some time to do...某人花……时间做某事 译文: 制作这个精致的模型花了500名工人100天的时间，更不用说内部还有成千上万的道具了。 6. But, I do remember [the first time I heard the sweetest voice in the wide world.] do/does/did强调谓语动词 the first time引导时间状语从句 译文：但是，我清楚地记得我第一次听到全世界最甜美的声音时的情景。 语法 主谓一致 写作 写一篇影评 一、知识点精讲 1. familiar adj.熟悉的，常见的 【教材原句】Today, I'll give you a brief introduction to some aspects of film-making you might not be familiar with. 今天,我将向你们简要介绍电影制作中一些你们可能不熟悉的方面。 【词汇拓展】 unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的，不了解的 familiariz(s)e v. (使)熟悉，了解，通晓 familiarity n. 熟悉，通晓，认识 sb. be familiar with sth. 某人熟悉某事物 sth. be familiar to sb. 某物为某人所熟悉 get familiar with... 熟悉起来……(动作) 【易混辨析】 sb.be familiar with sth.某人熟悉某事物 sth.be familiar to sb.某物为某人所熟悉 I’m not familiar with French literature./ French literature is not familiar to me. 我对法国文学不熟悉。 2. attach vt. 认为有重要性，重视；把……固定，附上 【教材原句】Another aspect I attach great importance to is visual special effects. 另一个我非常重视的方面是视觉特效。 【词汇拓展】 attached adj. 附加的；依恋的，爱慕的 attachment n. 附件，附属物；依恋 attach...to... 认为有(重要性、意义)；附上；连接 attach importance/significance/value/...to... 认为……有重要性/意义/价值等 (be) attached to喜欢，依恋；附属于 Sometimes people attach too much importance to economic development. 有时人们把经济发展看得太重要了。 He is deeply attached to the old camera. 他非常喜欢那个旧相机。 I attached a recent photo of myself to the letter. 我随信附上了自己的一张近期照片。 3. aid n. vi. & vt. 帮助；援助；资助 【教材原句】However, the aid of computers isn't always preferred. 然而,计算机的辅助并不总是更受喜爱。  【词汇拓展】 with the aid of sb.＝with one’s aid 在某人的帮助下 come to one’s aid 来帮助某人 first aid 急救 aid sb. in doing sth./ aid sb. with sth. aid sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 Tom's uncle aided him in getting a new job. 汤姆的叔叔帮他找了一份新工作。 He succeeded with the aid of a completely new method he discovered. 借助于自己发现的一种全新的方法，他获得了成功。 4. prefer vt. 较喜欢，更喜欢 【教材原句】However, the aid of computers isn't always preferred. 然而,计算机的辅助并不总是更受喜爱。 【词汇拓展】 prefer A to B 与B相比更喜欢A prefer to do sth.＝prefer doing sth. 更喜欢做某事 prefer (sb.) to do sth. 宁愿(某人)做某事 ·prefer doing (sth.) to doing (sth.)＝prefer to do...rather than do...＝would do...rather than do...＝would rather do...than do... 宁愿做……而不愿做…… have a preference for 对……偏爱 With this experience, they will certainly prefer to help others in future just like the laundrywoman has done. 有了这次经历，他们肯定会愿意在将来帮助别人，就像洗衣女工做的那样。 I must admit that I have a preference for the novels written by this author. 我必须承认我更喜欢这个作者写的小说。 【易混辨析】prefer表示“更喜欢”，相当于like better/more，所以prefer不与比较级连用；prefer的过去式、过去分词为preferred，现在分词为preferring。在prefer to...结构中，to 是不定式符号，后接动词原形；在prefer...to...结构中，to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。 5. approach n. 接近，靠近；方法 vt.接近，靠近；处理 【教材原句】Peter Jackson, director of The Lord of the Rings films, took a creative approach... 《指环王》系列电影的导演彼得·杰克逊采用了一种创造性的方法…… 【词汇拓展】 with...approaching/ as… approaches 在……快到的时候 approach sth./sb. 接近某物/某人 an approach to (doing) sth. (做)某事的方法/途径；接近，靠近 at the approach of 在快到……的时候 At their approach, the little boy ran away and hid. 当他们走近时，那个小男孩跑开并躲藏起来。 I prefer her approach to learning classic literature，which is highly thought of by her Chinese teacher. 我更喜欢她学习古典文学的方法，这是她的语文老师高度评价的。 【易混辨析】approach作名词“方法；通路”解时，其后接介词to。 approach, way, means, method都可表示“方法”, 其搭配分别是: ①the approach to (doing) sth. ②the way to do/of (doing) sth. ③the means of (doing) sth. ④the method of (doing) sth. 6. award n. 奖，奖品，奖金 vt. 授予，给予 【教材原句】It has won many awards, including an Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. 它赢得了许多奖项,包括奥斯卡最佳外语片奖。 【词汇拓展】 give sb. an award 给某人颁奖 an award ceremony 颁奖仪式 win/receive/get an award for sth. 因某事而得奖 award sth.to sb.＝award sb. sth. 授予/判给某人某物 I often dream of performing on a wonderful stage and winning an award for my super performance. 我经常梦想在一个精彩的舞台上表演，并因我一流的表演而得奖。 Learning that you were awarded the first prize, I am writing to express my sincere congratulations to you. 得知你被授予一等奖，我写信向你表示我衷心的祝贺。 The government awarded him a large sum of money for his good deeds./The government awarded a large sum of money to him for his good deeds. 因为做好事，政府给了他一大笔钱。 【易混辨析】award, prize, reward award 指较为正式地或官方地颁发、授予、给予, 也可以指法庭裁决给予的奖励 prize 多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽奖中得奖 reward 多指对某人的工作或服务等的报答、酬谢。reward作名词, 常用give a reward to sb. ; 作动词, 常用reward sb. with sth. 7. perform vi. 表演；工作，运转 vt. 表演；做，履行 【教材原句】However, the film's director, Ang Lee, preferred to have actors perform on location. 然而，电影导演李安更喜欢演员在现场表演。 【词汇拓展】 (1)perform a(n). . . role in　在……中起……作用 perform an operation 动手术 perform one’s duty/promise 尽责任/履行承诺 (2)performance n. 表演; 演奏 give performances/a performance (to…) (给……)表演或演奏 put on performances/a performance 表演; 演出 (3)performer n. 执行者; 表演者 She performs an important role in our organization. 她在我们组织中发挥着重要作用。 It is said that he will give a performance in our city next month. 据说，下个月他要在我们的城市演出。 8. in addition to 除……以外(还) 【教材原句】In addition to the amazing martial arts, the film also took advantage of China’s beautiful mountains, forests and deserts. 除了惊人的武术, 影片还利用了中国美丽的山脉、森林和沙漠。 【词汇拓展】 in addition　　另外, 而且 表示“除了……之外”的词语还有: ①besides/as well as除……之外(还有) ②except 除……之外(不包括) ③except for 除……之外(从某一细节方面纠正以前的概括性说法) ④apart/aside from 除……之外(相当于except和besides) 【易混辨析】in addition, in addition to in addition “另外”, 相当于副词 in addition to “除……以外(还)”, 用作介词短语 9. adapt vt. 改编,改写;使适应 vi. 适应 【教材原句】In 1967, Disney adapted the book into a cartoon film, which is widely regarded as a classic. 1967年,迪士尼公司把这本书改编成一部动画片,这部动画片被广泛认为是一部经典之作。 【词汇拓展】 (1)adapt sth. from　根据……改编某物 be adapted for 为……而改写/改编 (2)adapt oneself to 使某人自己适应…… adapt. . . to. . . 使……适应…… adapt to 适合; 适应 (3)adaptation n. 适应; 改编; 改编本 When you go to a new school, I do hope that you can adapt (yourself) to it as soon as possible and lead a happy life. 当你到了一个新学校，我真的希望你能尽快适应它，过上愉快的生活。 As a famous writer, three of her novels have been adapted for television series. 作为一名著名作家，她的三部小说已经被改编成电视连续剧。 I am writing to ask you to help us with our English short play adapted from our English text. 我写信请求您就我们的英语短剧给予我们帮助，该短剧改编自我们的英语课文。 10. regard vt. 将……认为, 看待; 注视 【教材原句】In 1967, Disney adapted the book into a cartoon film, which is widely regarded as a classic. 1967年,迪士尼公司把这本书改编成一部动画片,这部动画片被广泛认为是一部经典之作。 【词汇拓展】 (1)regard. . . as　把……当作, 把……看作 as regards 关于, 至于 (2)regard n. 注意, 关心, 敬佩 in this regard 在这方面 with/in regard to 关于, 至于 have regard for 敬佩; 重视 (3)regarding prep. 关于 Impressionism is regarded as the beginning of what we call “modern art” today.印象派被认为是我们今天所说的“现代艺术”的开端。 You have asked for my advice with/in regard to the students’ safety at school and I will try to make some recommendations. 你向我征求有关学生在校安全问题的建议，我会尽力提出一些建议。 11. cure n. 药物, 疗法; 治疗 vt. 治好 【教材原句】The Prince has given up hope of a cure but his wife, Elizabeth, takes him to see Lionel Logue, an Australian speech doctor living in London. 亲王已经放弃了治愈的希望, 但他的妻子伊丽莎白带他去看莱昂内尔·洛格医生, 一位住在伦敦的澳大利亚语言治疗师。 【词汇拓展】 a cure for sth. 　 医治某种病的疗法 cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人的病; 改掉某人的坏习惯 I hold the firm belief that scientists will find a cure for cancer sooner or later.我坚信科学家们迟早有一天会找到治疗癌症的方法。 She tried every means to cure her child of the bad habit.她想尽了一切办法来改掉她孩子的这个坏习惯。 【拓展延伸】常见的“动词+sb. +of+sth. ”结构还有: ①remind sb. of sth. 　 提醒某人某事 ②warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事 ③rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物 ④inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事 ⑤cheat sb. of sth. 欺骗某人某事 ⑥suspect sb. of sth. 怀疑某人某事 【易混辨析】cure/ heal/ treat cure 作为动词，多用于疾病方面，强调结果，意为“治好，治愈”，是及物动词，其主语可以是医生，也可以是某种药。表示“治好某人的某种疾病”，要用cure sb. of sth. treat 强调“治疗”这一动作，不涉及结果，用于treat sb. for sth.结构中 heal 多用于治愈外伤，指伤口愈合 12. typical adj. 典型的, 有代表性的 【教材原句】The film looks like a fairly typical historical film without fancy special effects... 这部电影看起来像一部相当典型的历史电影,没有花哨的特效…… (教材P9) 【词汇拓展】 (1)be typical of sb. /sth. 　是……的特点 It is typical of sb. to do sth. ________________ (2)typically adv. 典型地; 有代表性地; 一向如此 As is known to all, Confucian culture is typical of Chinese culture. 众所周知,儒家文化是中国文化的典型。 It is typical of her to arrive late. 她这个人就是爱迟到。 【答案】(1)某人一向…… 13. recommend vt. 推荐, 举荐; 劝告, 建议 【教材原句】All in all, I highly recommend this film. 总之,我强烈推荐这部电影。 【词汇拓展】 (1)recommend sth. to sb. 　 向某人推荐某物 recommend sb. as. . . 推荐某人担任…… recommend doing sth. 建议做某事 recommend sb. to do sth. 推荐某人做某事 recommend that. . . =It is recommended that. . . 建议…… (2)recommendation n. 推荐, 建议 I recommend him as chairman of Students’ Union. 我推荐他担任学生会主席。 I recommended the reference book to my students. 我向我的学生推荐了这本参考书。  He recommended reading the book before seeing the movie. 他建议先看这本书, 再去看这部电影。  14. major adj. 主要的, 重要的 n. 专业vi. 主修 【教材原句】He sees, and sometimes influences, some of the major events of the United States in the second half of the 20th century. 20世纪下半叶美国社会发生的一些重大事件, 他是亲历者。 【词汇拓展】 (1)major ________ 主修 (2)majority n. 多数; 大半 in the majority 占大多数 (3)minor adj. 较小的; 次要的 minority n. 少数; 少数民族 in the minority ________ I am always weak in math in high school, so I think I will choose to major in literature in college. 我在高中数学一直很差, 所以我认为我在大学会选文学专业。  It’s by no means accident that women are in the majority in the nursing and teaching professions. 女性在护理和教育行业中占多数, 这绝非偶然。 After all, those who think only of themselves instead of others are in the minority. 只考虑自己不考虑他人的人毕竟占少数。 【答案】(1) in (3)占少数 15. with 复合结构 【教材原句】The Quidditch scenes in the Harry Potter films were made in this way with the actors jumping up and down in front of a green screen. “哈利·波特”系列电影中魁地奇比赛的场景就是通过演员在绿幕前上下跳跃这种方式制作的。 【句型分析】 本句含有with 复合结构，在句中作状语。with复合结构在句中常作状语，表示伴随状况、原因、方式、条件等。常用结构如下： with＋宾语＋ With so much work to do, I was so anxious that I had trouble sleeping. 有这么多工作要做，我很担心，无法入眠。 With everything prepared well, he jumped with joy, his eyes glittering with excitement. 一切都准备好了，他高兴地跳了起来，眼中闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 Our teacher, who had a kind and friendly personality, came in with a book in his hand. 我们有着友善品质的老师，他手里拿着一本书进来了。 16. next time 引导时间状语从句 【教材原句】Hopefully, next time you go to the cinema, you’ll spare a thought for all those talented people behind the scenes. 希望下次你们走进电影院时，能想一想所有那些才华出众的幕后工作者。(P3) 本句中next time用作连词，引导时间状语从句，有这类用法的词汇还有： ·the first time第一次；the last time上一次；each/every time每次/每当 一……就…… Every time I got into trouble, you would turn up in time and give me a hand. 每次我遇到困难，你都会及时出现并给予我帮助。 Next time you visit Bob, remember to give him a call in advance. 下次你去看鲍勃时，要记得提前给他打电话。 The instant/moment/minute/Instantly/Immediately/Directly I saw the frightening bear biting our wire fence, I held my breath, not daring to make a movement. 一看到那头可怕的熊在咬我们的金属丝栅栏，我就屏住呼吸，一动也不敢动。 The first time you give a lecture, it is very normal to feel nervous. 第一次做演讲，你感到紧张是很正常的。 17. 助动词强调谓语 【教材原句】But, I do remember the first time I heard the sweetest voice in the wide world. 但是, 我确实记得我第一次听到这个广阔世界上最甜美的声音。 【句式解构】本句中do强调谓语。do表示强调时, 时态与句子的时态一致。do/does/did的强调用法常用于一般过去时或一般现在时的肯定陈述句及祈使句中。 I do believe that you’ll succeed in time. 我坚信, 你迟早会成功的。 He did give the boy a toy car as a reward for his help. 他确实给了那个男孩一辆玩具车作为对他提供帮助的奖赏。 He does work out/take exercise to keep fit every day. 为了保持健康, 他的确每天都运动。 二、核心语法精讲 一、语法一致原则 　　此原则是指在语法形式上取得一致, 谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定。 1. 可数名词单数、不可数名词、单个动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语及表示时间、金钱、度量衡等概念的名词作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数形式。 To see is to believe. 眼见为实。 Reading aloud is very important in learning English. 学习英语时大声朗读非常重要。 When they could finish the task is not known yet. 他们何时能完成任务还未知。 2. 由连接词and或both. . . and连接的名词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及句子作主语时, 谓语动词要用复数形式。 Both eggs and milk are good for your health. 鸡蛋和牛奶都对你的健康有好处。 Jogging and swimming are beneficial to our health. 慢跑和游泳都对我们的健康有益。 【名师点津】 (1)and连接的两个并列主语在意义上指同一人、同一事物或同一概念时, 谓语动词用单数。 (2)由and连接的并列单数主语前若有no, each, every, many a等修饰, 谓语动词要用单数。 All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只工作不玩耍, 聪明孩子也变傻。 Every hour and every minute is important. 每一小时和每一分钟都是重要的。 3. “名词+as well as, rather than, like, but, except, besides, with, together with, along with, including, in addition to+ 名词”结构作主语时, 谓语动词同第一个名词的数保持一致。 Modern teaching equipment as well as hundreds of computers was sent to the village school last week. 上周现代化的教学设备和几百台电脑被送到了那所乡村学校。 The teacher, together with many students, is playing basketball on the playground. 这个老师和很多学生一起在操场上打篮球。 4. “more than one或many a + 单数名词”作主语时, 尽管其意义为复数, 但谓语动词还是用单数形式。 Many a student is looking forward to visiting the country at present. 现在许多学生都盼望着去访问这个国家。 More than one person has heard of the story. 不止一个人听说过这个故事。 5. 不定代词either, neither, each, every 或no +单数名词和由some, any, no, every与thing, body, one构成的复合不定代词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。 Nothing in the world moves faster than light yet. 世上目前没有什么东西比光传播得更快。 Either of you is to hand out the gifts to the students. 你们俩当中的一个人要给学生分发礼物。 6. 由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语时, 其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。 Three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water. 地球表面四分之三为水所覆盖。 Most of the students in our class come from the countryside. 我们班的大多数学生来自农村。 7. 在定语从句中, 关系代词that, who, which等作主语时, 其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。 Anyone who breaks the law will be punished. 任何违犯法律的人都将被处罚。 I, who am your friend, once told you so. 我是你的朋友, 曾经告诉过你的。 【名师点津】 “one of +复数名词+who/which/that” 引导的定语从句中, 若关系代词在定语从句中充当主语, 谓语动词常用复数形式。若one 前有the only/very/right 修饰时, 从句中的谓语动词用单数形式。 He is one of the students who have passed the exam. 他是通过这次考试的学生之一。 He is the only one of the students who has passed the exam. 他是通过这次考试的唯一的学生。 8. 由两部分组成的表示衣物或工具的名词作主语时, 如glasses, spectacles, shoes, boots, trousers/pants, compasses, chopsticks, scissors, socks等, 谓语动词通常用复数, 但当这类词被a pair of修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。 His trousers are made by his mother herself. 他的裤子是妈妈自己做的。 This pair of scissors is made in Hangzhou. 这把剪刀是杭州制造的。 9. “kind/form/type/sort/species/series +of + 名词” 作主语时, 谓语动词的单复数形式取决于这些词的单复数而不是它们后面所跟的名词。 All kinds of difficulties have to be overcome. 必须克服各种各样的困难。 This kind of rose in the garden smells very pleasant. 这座花园里的这种玫瑰香气怡人。 二、意义一致原则 　　此原则是指谓语动词的单复数形式根据主语的意义而不是形式决定。当主语形式为单数, 而意义为复数时, 谓语动词要用复数形式; 当主语形式为复数, 而意义却为单数时, 谓语动词用单数形式。 1. 有些名词, 如people, cattle, police, trousers等, 没有单数形式, 作主语时, 谓语动词只能用复数。 The police were sent to the spot to keep order immediately. 警察立即被派往现场维持秩序。 At least ten people were killed in the crash. 至少有十人在撞车事故中丧生。 2. 英语中一些单复数同形的名词作主语时, 应根据其表达的意义来决定谓语动词的单复数形式, 这类名词常见的有sheep, deer, fish, means, species, Chinese, Japanese, series等。 Every possible means has been used to prevent the air pollution. 为了防止大气污染, 每一种可能的方法都用过了。 All means have been tried to ease the traffic jams. 为了缓解交通堵塞, 所有的方法都试过了。 3. 有些集体名词, 如public, family, enemy, audience, government, group, committee, team, media, staff, crew等作主语时, 谓语动词的数要根据其表示的意义而定。如果该名词表示一个整体, 其谓语动词用单数形式; 但当这些集体名词表示集体中的若干个体时, 谓语动词用复数形式。 The family is the tiniest cell of the society. 家庭是社会最小的单元。 My family are all fond of pop music. 我们全家都喜欢流行音乐。 4. “the +形容词或过去分词”表示一类人时, 谓语动词用复数形式; 当“the + 形容词”指一个人或表示一种抽象概念或品质时, 谓语动词用单数形式。 The poor were usually looked down upon by the rich in the past. 过去, 穷人常被富人瞧不起。 The beauty is always liked by everyone. 美好的东西总是被每个人喜欢。 5. 有些以s结尾表示学科名称的词, 如physics, mathematics, economics, politics等, 以及用作书名、地名、国名、地区名的复数名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。 Politics is a complicated subject. 政治是一门复杂的学科。 The United Nations plays an important role in international affairs. 联合国在国际事务中起着重要作用。 6. 表示距离、长度、价值、金额、重量等的复数名词作主语时, 如作为一个整体来看待的话, 谓语动词通常用单数。 Two hours is a short time when you are enjoying a fascinating movie. 当你在享受一部非常好的电影时, 两小时是很短的时间。 Fifteen miles seems to me a long walk. 十五英里在我看来是很长的一段路。 7. “a number of+复数名词”作主语时, 谓语动词用复数形式; “the number of+复数名词”作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。 The number of students in this school is increasing. 这所学校的学生人数在增加。 A number of students are planting trees on the hill. 许多学生在小山上植树。 三、就近一致原则 　　此原则是指谓语动词的人称和数须与邻近的主语保持一致。 1. 在there be 结构、here 以及表示地点的介词词组位于句首引起的倒装句中, 谓语动词的人称和数应与最近的一个主语保持一致。 There is a pen and many pencils on the table. 桌子上有一支钢笔和许多铅笔。 2. 当either. . . or. . . ; neither. . . nor. . . ; not only. . . but also. . . ; not. . . but. . . ; or; nor等并列连词连接两个主语时, 谓语动词的人称和数应与邻近的主语保持一致。 Not only my father, but also all of us are looking forward to meeting my uncle. 不仅我父亲, 而且我们所有人都盼望着见到我叔叔。 Neither the teacher nor the students were informed of the result of the test. 老师和学生们都不知道考试结果。 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 影评就是观众在观看完电影后的所感所想, 主要以一般现在时介绍剧情内容及发表自己的看法。此类文章通常采用第一人称和第三人称。 2. 写作框架 3. 写作素材 (1)话题词汇 ①be based on以……为基础 ②be directed by 由……导演 ③learn from… 从……中学习 ④be popular with… 受……欢迎 ⑤be set in以……为背景 ⑥the martial arts武术 ⑦romantic scenes浪漫的场景 ⑧play the part of扮演 ⑨the most exciting moments最激动人心的时刻 ⑩to everyone’s surprise让所有人感到吃惊的是 ⑪masterpiece杰作 (2)话题句式 ①The new Chinese TV series is making waves in China and abroad. There must be more stories behind the scenes. 这部新的中国电视剧在国内外掀起了波澜, 其幕后一定有更多故事。 ②The film was adapted from a novel, which told that a couple adopted a flexible way to bring up their adopted son, who gradually adapted to his new family. 这部电影是由一部小说改编来的, 它讲述了一对夫妇采用一种灵活的方法来抚养他们收养的儿子, 使他逐渐适应了他的新家庭的故事。 ③This film tells us a story about how a common panda becomes a real dragon warrior. 这部电影为我们讲述了一个平凡的熊猫是怎样成为一个真正的龙武士的。 ④This movie tells us that every difficulty can be overcome as long as you try your utmost persistently. 这部电影告诉我们这样一个道理: 只要你坚持不懈地努力, 任何困难都能克服。 ⑤The film is well worth seeing, as it carried the main idea that justice can always beat evil. 这部电影很值得观看, 因为它告诉我们正义一定会战胜邪恶。 ⑥What I have to admit is that this movie is wonderful, such as its advanced digital video effect and the worry about the future of human beings. 我不得不承认的是这部电影很不错, 比如它先进的数字视频特效和对于人类未来的担忧。 (3)范文背诵 　Harry Potter is a magical tale which is based on the novel of the English writer J. K. Rowling and directed by Chris Columbus. 　　In the movie, Harry, whose parents are dead, is badly treated at his aunt’s home. But fortunately, on his eleventh birthday, he is invited to go to Hogwarts, a magic school. 　　It is a place full of magic and wonders, where Harry learns magic, has many adventurous and wonderful experiences and makes several good friends. He also learns how to get true friendship and how to be brave. 　　The movie Harry Potter is a great success and it is popular with people all over the world. It’s well worth seeing. By watching this movie, we learn to believe in ourselves and help others. 易错点01 不同的风景 【错因辨析】 词语 意义及用法 例句 scene “风景，景象”，它侧重指被当作一个整体而看到的自然风景，含有人和人的动作在内。常作可数名词 There were distressing scenes when the earthquake occurred. 地震发生时，常有悲惨的景象。 scenery “风景”，指某一地区总的自然景色，特别是美丽的自然风景，常作不可数名词 The grassland scenery of Tibet is unrivalled. 西藏的草原风景是无与伦比的。 view 指从某一位置所看到的风景、景色，也可以指风景画、风景照 He always sits here and looks at the view. 他总是坐在这里观看景色。 sight 指某一地区值得观看的建筑物、胜地、风景等，常作复数 The Great Wall is one of the sights of the world. 长城是世界名胜之一。 【对点训练】选词填空(scene/scenery/view/sight) ①As he reached the front door, Jack saw a strange _______. ②He photographed a wide range of street _______. ③The beautiful _______ in the mountain attracted all of us. ④One of the advantages of living on the top floor of a high building is that you can get a good _______. 【答案】①sight ②scenes ③scenery ④view 易错点02 in addition/ in addition to 【错因辨析】 in addition to＝besides/apart from 除……之外还…… (介词短语，后跟名词、代词、动名词) in addition＝besides/furthermore/what’s more另外，而且 (介词短语作副词用，单独作状语) 【对点训练】 1. _____________________ my studies, I take part in lots of physical activities. 除了学习之外，我还参加了很多体育活动。 2. _____________________, we should use new energy to keep our environment free of pollution. 此外，我们应该使用新能源来保持我们的环境免受污染。 【答案】 1. In addition to/Besides/Apart from 2. In addition 易错点03 with的复合结构 (宾语补足语) 【错因辨析】 with＋宾语＋ 【对点训练】 (1)Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms, __________________________________________. (2)With _____________________, I was so anxious that I had trouble sleeping. 有这么多工作要做，我很担心，无法入眠。 (3) ____________________________, he jumped with joy, his eyes glittering with excitement. 一切都准备好了，他高兴地跳了起来，眼中闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 (4)Our teacher, who had a kind and friendly personality, came in _____________________. 我们有着友善品质的老师，他手里拿着一本书进来了。 【答案】 (1)with tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes (2)so much work to do (3)With everything prepared well (4)with a book in his hand. 易错点04 what引导的主语从句充当主语时,的谓语动词 【错因辨析】 由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。 【对点训练】 (1)What I bought _______ three English books. 我买的是三本英语书。 (2)What I need _______ time. 我所需要的是时间。 (3)What my father left _______ a few English books. 我父亲留下的是几本英语书。 *(4)What you need _______ more practice. 你需要的是更多的练习。 【答案】(1)were (2)is (3)are (4)is 一、默写重点单词 1. _______ adj. 熟悉的，常见的 2. _______ n. vt. & vi. 帮助；援助 3. _______ n. 方法；接近，靠近 vt. 接近，靠近；处理 4. _______ n. 讲座，演讲；教训，训斥 vi. 开讲座，讲课 vt. 指责，训斥 5. _______ n. 奖，奖品，奖金 vt. 授予，给予 6. _______ vt. 改编，改写；使适应 vi. 适应 7. _______ vt. 将……认为，看待；注视 8. _______ adj. 狭窄的；勉强的；狭隘的 vt. & vi. (使)窄小，缩小 9. _______ prep. 即使，尽管 10. _______ vi. & vt. 挥手，招手；挥舞 n. 海浪；大量涌现 【答案】 1. familiar 2. aid 3. approach 4. lecture 5. award 6. adapt 7. regard 8. narrow 9. despite 10. wave 二、词汇运用 1. Senior citizens and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the world using high-tech cameras a_______ to the head. 【答案】attached 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句中名词短语high-tech cameras与动词attach构成被动关系，要用过去分词短语做定语修饰它，句中过去分词短语attached to the head修饰名词短语high-tech cameras，所以要填attached。 2. Tom had not p_______ well in his exams, which really let down his parents. 【答案】performed/erformed 【详解】句意：汤姆在考试中表现不好，这让他的父母很失望。本句为过去完成时，had not是助动词，要填过去分词；所填词以p开头，根据“well in his exams”可知，所填词含有“表现”之意；perform作动词时意为“表现”，过去分词为performed。 3. This place doesn't look _______(熟悉的) at all; we must be lost. 【答案】familiar 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个地方看上去一点都不熟悉，我们一定是迷路了。根据汉语提示及前面的系动词look可知，此处用形容词作表语，故填familiar。 4. I’d like to have a look at the book whose t_______ is Arabian Nights. 【答案】title/itle 【详解】考查名词。句意：我想看一下书名为《一千零一夜》的这本书。“书名”翻译为“title”，且空格后谓语动词为单数形式，所以空格处填名词的单数形式。故填title。 5. The materials can be _______(改编) for use with older children. 【答案】adapted 【详解】句意：这些材料可以改编以适合年长儿童使用。“改编”应用动词adapt，adapt和主语The materials之间是被动关系，需用被动语态。 6. There are several _______(解决办法) to the problem, so we can think about them and choose the best one. 【答案】solutions 【详解】句意：这个问题有几种解决办法，所以我们可以考虑一下，选择最好的一个。空处在句中充当主语，根据中文提示“解决办法”以及空前有“several”可知，此处应填solution的复数形式。 7. Even in this small village, you can find some _______(典型的) British clubs. 【答案】typical 【详解】句意：甚至在这个小村庄，你也可以发现一些典型的英国俱乐部。根据句意和汉语提示，修饰名词clubs用形容词，typical“典型的”是形容词作定语。 8. The door opened and in 8 came a troop of children in all sorts of _______(奇特的) dresses. 【答案】fancy 【详解】句意：门开了，进来了一群穿着各种各样奇装异服的孩子。短语a troop of“一群”，sorts of “各种各样的”。 9. Although there is no c_______(治疗) for AIDS, medications have been proved to be highly effective in fighting HIV. 【答案】cure/ure 【详解】句意：虽然艾滋病尚无治疗方法，但药物已被证实对抗艾滋病毒十分有效。空处作主语，名词cure“治疗”符合题意。 10. Early this morning, Tom called and r_______(推荐) booking flights early to get the best prices. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】recommended/ecommended 【详解】句意：今天一大早，Tom打电话来建议提前预订机票以获得最优惠的价格。根据并列连词and及空前的called可知，空处是并列谓语动词，且要用过去式；根据中文提示“推荐”以及首字母“r”可知，此处应填动词recommend的过去式为recommended。 11. The pair posed for a photo together d_______ only being acquaintances before the race began. 【答案】despite 【详解】句意：尽管在比赛开始前两人只是相识，但他们还是合影留念。文中表示“尽管”，所以填despite。 12. The Asian Games is the biggest sports e_______ for Asian People. 【答案】event/vent 【详解】句意：亚运会是亚洲人民最大的体育赛事。event“赛事，大事”。故填event。 13. The _______(主要的) subjects in senior high schools are Chinese, English and mathematics. 【答案】major 【详解】句意：高中主要科目是语文、英语和汉语。“主要的”为major，作定语。 14. The _______ crashed against the rocks, sending white foam into the air. (根据句意单词拼写) 【答案】waves 【详解】句意：海浪猛拍礁石，激起白色泡沫飞向空中。根据“crashed against the rocks”及“sending white foam into the air”可知，应填名词wave，当“海浪”讲时是可数名词，应用复数形式，在句中作主语。 15. We have a long _______(狭窄的) area and the motorway has cut it in half. 【答案】narrow 【详解】句意：我们有一片狭长的区域，而高速公路将它一分为二。空格处作定语，修饰下文的名词area，根据汉语提示“狭窄的”可知，此处应该用形容词narrow。 三、重点句型 1. _____________________, there’s always a lot more to it than first meets the eye. 无论你们的答案是什么，它(电影)都远比你第一眼看到的更为复杂。 2. The Quidditch scenes in the Harry Potter films were made in this way _____________________. “哈利·波特”系列电影中魁地奇比赛的场景就是通过演员在绿幕前上下跳跃这种方式制作的。 3. Hopefully, _____________________, you’ll spare a thought for all those talented people behind the scenes. 希望下次你们走进电影院时, 能想一想所有幕后那些才华出众的人们。 4. _____________________, great effort must sometimes be made to research，find and build objects. 为了使一部电影看起来真实，有时必须付出巨大的努力去研究、发现和建造一些物体。 5. _____________________, not to mention the thousands of props inside. 制作这个精致的模型花了500 名工人100 天的时间， 更不用说内部还有成千上万的道具了。 6. But, I _____________________ the first time I heard the sweetest voice in the wide world. 但是，我清楚地记得我第一次听到全世界最甜美的声音时的情景。 【答案】 1. Whatever your answer is 2. with the actors jumping up and down in front of a green screen 3. next time you go to the cinema 4. To make a film look real 5. It took 500 workers 100 days to build the fine model 6. do remember 四、课文语法填空 Reading Film-making involves great efforts behind the scenes, of which some aspects are not familiar 1._______ the audience. One typical example is the sound effect. Contrary to 2._______ many people may expect, they are often added after a scene 3._______(shoot). In fact, sound effects are often made by mixing different sounds on computers. Another important aspect of film-making process where computers 4._______(use) is visual special effects.And CGI is a technology 5._______(frequent) used in making such effects. However，not all 6._______(direct) prefer the aid of computers in their works. Some of them employ creative approaches 7._______(achieve) their goals. Of course，what contributes to a 8._______(succeed) film includes many other aspects. For instance，great effort is made to research，find and build props in order to make a film look real. In short，it is the joint efforts of many 9._______(talent) people 10._______ are behind the scenes of a great film and they deserve all the credit. Extended reading Forrest Gump is a 1994 film 1._______(star) Tom Hanks. It tells the story of Forrest Gump，a simple man with a warm personality. Despite an IQ of 75，he lives a 2._______(true) amazing life. He sees, and sometimes influences, some of the major events of the United States in the second half of the 3._______(twenty) century. 4._______ Forrest says, he remembers the bus ride on the first day of school very well. Mrs Gump and Forrest are waiting 5._______ the school bus when the bus pulls up. His mum tells him 6._______(do) his best and he promises. He walks to the steps of the bus. After he makes a small talk with the driver，he gets on the bus. He begins to look around for a seat but 7._______(refuse) by a larger girl and three boys. Just at that time he hears the sweetest voice in the world 8._______(say), “You can sit here if you want.” Of course，he sits down next to the young girl. They have a conversation all the way to school. And from that day on they are always together like peas and 9._______(carrot). He says he can forget anything but the moment 10._______ he heard the sweetest voice in the world. 【答案】 Reading 1. to 2. what 3. has been shot/is shot 4. are used 5. frequently 6. directors 7. to achieve 8. successful 9. talented 10. that Extended reading 1. starring 2. truly 3. twentieth 4. As 5. for 6. to do 7. is refused 8. saying 9. carrots 10. when. 五、阅读理解 A Tilly Norwood officially made her acting debut in October 2025 at the Zurich Film Festival. She first appeared in the short film AI Commissioner three months earlier. But Norwood was made by artificial intelligence (AI). The AI “actress” was created by Xicoia, the AI branch of the UK production company Particle6. And AI Commissioner is an AI-generated short film, written by ChatGPT. Norwood introduces a new type of technology to Hollywood. Unlike computer-generated imagery, where an actor’s movements are turned into a digital character, there is no human behind Norwood’s performance. Every expression and line delivery is created by AI. Norwood has been trained on the performances of hundreds of actors, without any payment or consent. She draws on the information from those performances for her expressions and line delivery. Her arrival comes less than two years after the artist strikes that brought Hollywood to a standstill, with AI a central issue in the protests. Norwood also started a debate on what counts as art. We consider creativity to be a human quality. Art is generally understood as an expression of human experience. However, Norwood’s performances do not come from such creativity or human experience; instead, a database of pre-existing performances. How can that be compared with actors’ performances — a craft they have developed throughout years of practice and hard work in their careers? Also, Norwood’s survival depends on how the audience feels. If they do accept AI actors, there could be a major effect on jobs. Entry- and mid-level acting jobs could disappear. AI actors could also reduce the demand for whole creative teams — from makeup and costume to lighting and set design — since they reduce the need for on-set artistry. Norwood is not a question of the future of Hollywood. She is a cultural stress test — a case study in how much we value human creativity. AI is here, and some audiences will accept it. The risk is that in choosing imitation(模仿) over human artistry, we change culture in ways that cannot be easily reversed (逆转). 1. What kind of film is AI Commissioner? A. An old-school movie. B. A science fiction movie. C. An independent film of Zurich. D. A film wholly made by non-human. 2. What can be learnt about Norwood? A. She is popular with audiences. B. She is replacing human performers. C. She learns acting from data-collection. D. She is a product of Hollywood strike. 3. What can be concluded from the last paragraph? A. AI imitation brings damage to humans. B. AI stars will be part of Hollywood. C. Hollywood won’t value human creativity. D. AI performers will be accepted by all the audience. 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. AI-generated films redefine art. B. Film industry faces new challenges. C. Imitation of human artistry damages movies. D. An AI actress made her first appearance. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. D 【导语】文章以AI女演员Tilly Norwood首次亮相为切入点，介绍AI演员的生成原理，探讨其引发的艺术争议、就业冲击以及对人类原创文化的潜在危害。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“And AI Commissioner is an AI-generated short film, written by ChatGPT.(《AI专员》是一部由人工智能生成的短片，剧本由ChatGPT创作。)”可知，这部影片全程由人工智能创作，完全不属于人类制作。 2. 推理判断题。根据第四段“Norwood has been trained on the performances of hundreds of actors, without any payment or consent. She draws on the information from those performances for her expressions and line delivery.(Norwood通过学习数百名演员的表演素材完成训练，全程未支付任何报酬，也未征得演员们的许可。她利用这些表演资料生成面部表情与台词演绎。)”可知，该AI角色依靠收集的表演数据学习演技。 3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Norwood is not a question of the future of Hollywood. AI is here, and some audiences will accept it.(Norwood并不是好莱坞未来的一个问题。人工智能已经到来，一部分观众将会接受它。)”可知，AI明星今后将会成为好莱坞的一部分。 4. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Tilly Norwood officially made her acting debut in October 2025 at the Zurich Film Festival.(Tilly Norwood于2025年10月在苏黎世电影节正式完成影视首秀。)”可知，整篇文章内容均围绕这位AI女演员展开：介绍它的诞生来源、表演模式、引发的艺术讨论、行业工作冲击以及文化影响，D选项“An AI actress made her first appearance.(一名AI女演员首次登场亮相。)”能概括全文内容。 B With the popularity of digital filming equipment, making short films has become a new favorite among teenagers. Unlike traditional professional movies that require huge teams and costly devices, modern filming allows ordinary students to record stories with simple cameras, proper lighting and basic editing skills. Liu Yu, a high school student, recently won a city youth film award with his self-created short film. Instead of focusing on fancy scenes or special effects, his film records the daily life of elderly craftsmen who stick to traditional handmade skills. He shot all the materials with a smartphone, adjusted soft lighting to create a warm atmosphere, and edited the videos patiently in his spare time. It took him nearly three months to finish the whole work. “Many teenagers love watching movies, but few try to create their own works,” Liu Yu said in an interview. “Filming is not just about taking beautiful pictures. It teaches me to observe life carefully and tell stories with screens. Lights and cameras are simple tools, but they help us discover the beauty around us and spread positive values.” He also added that creating a film taught him teamwork and time management, as he discussed plot designs and scene arrangements with his classmates. A professional film critic spoke highly of student-made short films. He believes that teenage creators have unique and fresh views of the world. Their works may lack perfect technology, but they are full of sincerity and creativity. Nowadays, more schools are providing basic filming courses, teaching students shooting skills, lighting settings and video editing. These practical abilities greatly enrich students’ after-school life and broaden their horizons. However, the critic also reminded young creators that a good film relies on a meaningful story rather than fancy equipment. Technology serves the content, and sincere emotion and positive themes are always the soul of a wonderful film. 5. What do we know about Liu Yu’s award-winning short film? A. It was completed with professional devices. B. It focuses on the life of traditional craftsmen. C. It is famous for amazing special effects. D. It took only several weeks to finish. 6. According to Liu Yu, what is the value of making short films? A. It helps him get more awards. B. It makes him popular among classmates. C. It allows him to master professional editing skills. D. It enables him to learn life observation and cooperation. 7. Which statement does the film critic agree with? A. Student films are worthless without perfect technology. B. Fancy equipment is the key to a successful film. C. True feelings and meaningful content matter most in films. D. Schools should offer more competition chances for students. 8. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To show how teenagers win film competitions. B. To explain why student-made short films are valuable. C. To introduce basic skills of shooting short films. D. To compare student films and professional movies. 【答案】5. B 6. D 7. C 8. B 【导语】文章主要讲述了随着数码拍摄设备普及，拍摄短片成为青少年新爱好，以高中生刘宇获奖短片为例，阐述学生自制短片的价值，同时引用影评人观点指出影片核心在于内容与真情而非高端设备。 5. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Instead of focusing on fancy scenes or special effects, his film records the daily life of elderly craftsmen who stick to traditional handmade skills.(没有侧重华丽场面或是特效，他的影片记录坚守传统手工技艺的老年匠人的日常生活。)”可知，刘宇的获奖短片聚焦传统手艺人的生活。 6. 细节理解题。根据第三段“It teaches me to observe life carefully and tell stories with screens.(它教会我仔细观察生活，用画面讲述故事。)”以及“He also added that creating a film taught him teamwork and time management, as he discussed plot designs and scene arrangements with his classmates.(他还补充，制作影片教会他团队合作与时间管理，他和同学一同商讨情节设计与场景布置。)”可知，制作短片让他学会观察生活、懂得协作。 7. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“However, the critic also reminded young creators that a good film relies on a meaningful story rather than fancy equipment. Technology serves the content, and sincere emotion and positive themes are always the soul of a wonderful film.(但是，这位影评人也提醒青年创作者：好影片依靠有意义的故事而非华丽设备。技术为内容服务，真挚的情感与积极的主题永远是优秀影片的灵魂。)”可知，影评人认同真情实感与有意义的内容在影片中最重要。 8. 推理判断题。根据第三段“Lights and cameras are simple tools, but they help us discover the beauty around us and spread positive values.(灯光和相机只是简单工具，但它们帮助我们发现身边的美、传播正向价值观。)”以及第四段“Their works may lack perfect technology, but they are full of sincerity and creativity.(他们的作品或许技术不够完善，却饱含真诚与创意。)”、“These practical abilities greatly enrich students’ after-school life and broaden their horizons.(这些实用能力极大丰富了学生的课余生活、拓宽眼界。)”可知，文章以学生拍摄短片事例展开，全程围绕学生自制短片的多重价值展开论述，目的是解释学生自制短片具备价值的原因。 六、完形填空 I started taking theater classes at the age of 7. I 1 to act in plays, television shows and movies throughout my teens. Acting gave me experiences I didn’t have the 2 to have in my own life. When I was acting, I always knew what 3 were coming next and was ready with a smart 4 . But in real life, my brain would 5 or words would get caught in my mouth. When I was me, I was 6 and afraid to do anything dangerous or wrong. But I could do or say 7 things in character because I was 8 following the script’s direction. Acting also allowed me to be 9 to other times and places like I’d dreamed. I dressed up and lived in 1930s Newfoundland, 1950s Kansas and a magical world run by children. I was an alien, a ringmaster, a superhero and a spy — each 10 opened a door to a life I could never have known otherwise. Performing was a wonderful 11 from my youthful shyness. In real life, I was 12 the most popular girl in school, but I played one on TV. By 13 the other people, I gained confidence in myself. If directors thought an audience would believe that I was bold or funny or attractive, maybe I might 14 that image a little more in real life too. Acting had cast its spell on me. But ultimately, I left it because it was time to stop living inside someone else’s story. I was 15 to be me. 1. A. promised B. longed C. hesitated D. proceeded 2. A. energy B. patience C. motivation D. opportunity 3. A. lines B. solutions C. rewards D. consequences 4. A. conclusion B. comment C. response D. instruction 5. A. freeze B. race C. wander D. focus 6. A. desperate B. cautious C. lonely D. ashamed 7. A. wild B. secure C. private D. complicated 8. A. frequently B. simply C. gradually D. fortunately 9. A. abandoned B. restricted C. addicted D. transported 10. A. struggle B. identity C. job D. stranger 11. A. benefit B. message C. escape D. protection 12. A. in a sense B. by no means C. for no reason D. at one time 13. A. volunteering B. determining C. pretending D. declining 14. A. live up to B. put up with C. break away from D. look out for 15. A. born B. regretful C. relieved D. ready 【答案】 1. D 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. B 11. C 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 【导语】文章主要讲述了作者从7岁开始学习戏剧表演，在表演中获得了现实生活中无法拥有的经历和自信，最终选择离开表演、勇敢做自己的成长故事。 1. 考查动词。句意：我继续在戏剧、电视节目和电影中表演，贯穿了我的整个青少年时期。A. promised承诺；B. longed渴望；C. hesitated犹豫；D. proceeded继续进行。根据上文“I started taking theater classes at the age of 7”可知，作者从7岁开始学习戏剧后，继续进行表演活动。 2. 考查名词。句意：表演给了我一些在自己生活中没有机会拥有的经历。A. energy精力；B. patience耐心；C. motivation动力；D. opportunity机会。根据下文“When I was acting, I always knew what _______ were coming next”可知，表演让作者体验了现实生活中没有机会经历的事情。 3. 考查名词。句意：当我表演时，我总是知道接下来会说什么台词，并准备好一个机智的回应。A. lines台词；B. solutions解决方案；C. rewards奖励；D. consequences后果。根据下文“following the script’s direction”可知，表演时作者知道接下来要说的台词。 4. 考查名词。句意：当我表演时，我总是知道接下来会说什么台词，并准备好一个机智的回应。A. conclusion结论；B. comment评论；C. response回应；D. instruction指示。根据上文“I always knew what lines were coming next”可知，作者知道台词后就能准备好相应的回应。 5. 考查动词。句意：但在现实生活中，我的大脑会僵住，或者话语会卡在嘴边。A. freeze僵住；B. race快速运转；C. wander漫游；D. focus集中。根据上文“When I was acting, I always knew what lines were coming next(表演时我总是知道接下来会说什么)"以及转折词"But"可知，现实生活中作者的大脑会僵住，与表演时的从容形成对比。 6. 考查形容词。句意：当我做我自己时，我小心谨慎，害怕做任何危险或错误的事情。A. desperate绝望的；B. cautious小心谨慎的；C. lonely孤独的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据下文“afraid to do anything dangerous or wrong”可知，作者在现实生活中小心谨慎。 7. 考查形容词。句意：但我可以在角色中做或说疯狂的事情，因为我只是按照剧本的指示行事。A. wild疯狂的；B. secure安全的；C. private私人的；D. complicated复杂的。根据上文“When I was me, I was cautious and afraid to do anything dangerous or wrong”以及转折词But可知，在角色中作者可以做疯狂的事情。 8. 考查副词。句意：但我可以在角色中做或说疯狂的事情，因为我只是按照剧本的指示行事。A. frequently频繁地；B. simply仅仅，只是；C. gradually逐渐地；D. fortunately幸运地。根据上文“But I could do or say wild things in character”可知，作者只是按照剧本指示行事，所以可以放心大胆地表演。 9. 考查动词。句意：表演还让我被带到其他时代和地方，就像我梦想的那样。A. abandoned抛弃；B. restricted限制；C. addicted使上瘾；D. transported运送，使身临其境。根据下文“I dressed up and lived in 1930s Newfoundland, 1950s Kansas and a magical world run by children”可知，表演让作者被带到不同的时空。故 10. 考查名词。句意：我是一个外星人、一个马戏团领班、一个超级英雄和一个间谍——每一个身份都为我打开了一扇通往原本永远无法知晓的生活的大门。A. struggle挣扎；B. identity身份；C. job工作；D. stranger陌生人。根据上文“an alien, a ringmaster, a superhero and a spy”可知，这些都是不同的身份。 11. 考查名词。句意：表演是我摆脱年少羞怯的一个美妙的解脱。A. benefit益处；B. message信息；C. escape逃避，解脱；D. protection保护。根据下文“from my youthful shyness”可知，表演让作者从羞怯中解脱出来。 12. 考查介词短语。句意：在现实生活中，我绝不是学校里最受欢迎的女孩，但我在电视上扮演了一个。A. in a sense在某种意义上；B. by no means绝不；C. for no reason无缘无故；D. at one time曾经。根据下文“but I played one on TV”可知，作者在现实生活中绝不是最受欢迎的女孩。 13. 考查动词。句意：通过扮演其他人，我获得了自信。A. volunteering自愿做；B. determining决定；C. pretending假装，扮演；D. declining拒绝。根据上文“in character(在角色中)"以及“I played one on TV”可知，作者通过扮演其他人获得自信。 14. 考查动词短语。句意：如果导演们认为观众会相信我是大胆、有趣或有魅力的，也许我在现实生活中也能更符合那个形象一点。A. live up to符合，不辜负；B. put up with忍受；C. break away from脱离；D. look out for留意。根据上文“If directors thought an audience would believe that I was bold or funny or attractive”可知，作者希望能符合那个形象。 15. 考查形容词。句意：我准备好做我自己了。A. born天生的；B. regretful后悔的；C. relieved宽慰的；D. ready准备好的。根据上文“But ultimately, I left it because it was time to stop living inside someone else’s story”可知，作者准备好做自己了。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $