Unit 4 课时5 Section B 1a-1e（大单元分层作业）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

Unit 4 Our Memory 课时5 Section B (1a-1e) 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 ________ / bu:st/ v.促进；使增长 n. 帮助；增长 ________ 首先 ________ /Jɔ:t't3:m/ adj. 短期的 ________ / ,lon 't3:m/ adj. 长期的 ________ /tek'ni:k/ n.技巧 ________ /'pæsidʒ/ n.段落；走廊 ________ / 'larkli/ adv.很可能 adj. 可能的 ________ 使疲乏；磨损 ________ /di'skʌs/v. 讨论；谈论；商量 ________ /' midʒ/ n.图像；形象 ________ / gra:f/ n. 图；图表 ________ /' ɔ:gənarz/(=organise) v.处理；组织 ________ /vju:/v. 看；观看 n. 观点；视野 ________ /'fektiv/ adj. 有效的 ________ /' endʒin /n. 发动机 ________ / 'fju:əl/ n.燃料 ________ / æn'zarəti/ n. 焦虑；担心 ________ /ə'dres/ n.地址 ________ /'pa:sw3:d/n. 密码；口令 ________ /s'kaʊnt/n. 账户；账目 句型 1. ________ ________ ________ , it is important to understand how memory works. 首先，了解记忆的运作方式十分重要。 2. A healthy and active body ________ both your ________ ________ ________ ________ . 健康、充满活力的身体能够同时提升你的记忆力与思维能力。 3. Try some different methods to see which ones ________ best for you. 尝试多种不同方法，看看哪些最适合你。 4. You are sure to improve your memory! 你一定可以提高记忆力！ ) 一、单词默写。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.___________ v.促进；使增长 n. 帮助；增长 2.___________ 首先 3.___________ adj. 短期的 4.___________ adj. 长期的 5.___________ n.技巧 6.___________ n.段落；走廊 7.___________ adv.很可能 adj. 可能的 8.___________ 使疲乏；磨损 9.___________ v. 讨论；谈论；商量 10.___________ n.图像；形象 11.___________ n. 图；图表 12.___________ v.处理；组织 13.___________ v. 看；观看 n. 观点；视野 14.___________ adj. 有效的 15.___________ n. 发动机 16.___________ n.燃料 17.___________ n. 焦虑；担心 18.___________ n.地址 19.___________ n. 密码；口令 20.___________ n. 账户；账目 二、词组默写。 1. 1. 首先 _______________________ 2. 短期记忆 _______________________ 3. 长期记忆 _______________________ 4. 记下要点 _______________________ 5. 使大脑疲乏 _______________________ 6. 整理信息 _______________________ 7. 减轻焦虑 _______________________ 8. 提升记忆力 _______________________ 三、根据要求完成句子 1. 首先去弄懂记忆的运作原理，这十分关键。 It is important ________ ________ how memory works to start with. 2. 借助图表整理信息，这个方法十分有效。 It is effective ________ we ________ information with tables and graphs. 3. 充足睡眠帮助大脑整理记忆，这点非常重要。 It matters greatly ________ good sleep ________ your brain organize memories. 4. 健康饮食能够促进我们的记忆力。 Healthy food ________ a ________ to our memory. 5. 我们一定会找到适合自己的记忆方法。 We ________ ________ to find the best memory methods for ourselves. 一、用方框内所给词或短语的适当形式填空。 passage likely wear out discuss organize effective 1. Please read this short ________ and find out the ways to boost our memory. 2. If you review every day, you are ________ to remember knowledge well. 3. Don’t study for too long, or you will ________ your brain. 4. We can ________ good memory skills with our classmates after class. 5. You can use mind maps ________ all kinds of useful information. 6. Taking notes is an ________ way to help you remember key points. 二、根据汉语提示完成短文。 Would you like to 1._________(促进；提升) your memory? To start with, it is important to understand how memory works. There are two main kinds of memory: 2._________(短期的) memory and 3._________(长期的) memory. Short-term memory helps you remember things for a short time. Long-term memory is the ability to remember things for days, years or even a lifetime. So how do you make sure what you learn enters your long-term memory? By using some clever memory 4._________(技巧) and leading a healthy life, you will see great results. First, pay attention and write down key points. It is easier to remember a summary than every word in a 5._________(段落). Second, use it or lose it. The more you review, the more 6._________(可能的) you will remember what you learn. But do not 7._________(使疲乏) your brain. You can also 8._________(讨论) knowledge with your partners. A third way is to organize information. You can use tables and 9._________(图表) to create 10._________(图像). These useful ways are quite 11._________(有效的). Last but not least, stay healthy. Your brain works like an 12._________(发动机) and it needs enough 13._________(燃料). Exercise helps reduce stress and 14._________(焦虑). Try different methods to find what suits you. You are sure to improve your memory! 一、完形填空 Memory is one of the most important abilities we have. It helps us 1 our past experiences and learn from them. Without memory, we wouldn’t be able to 2 who we are or where we come from. There are different 3 of memory. Short-term memory holds information for a short period of time, while long-term memory can 4 information for many years. Scientists believe that we can 5 our memory through practice and proper training. One effective way to improve memory is to 6 new information with what we already know. For example, if you are learning a new word, try to 7 it to something familiar. Another way is to 8 the information regularly. Reviewing what you have learned helps move it from short-term memory to long-term memory. It is also important to get enough sleep and exercise. These activities help keep our brain 9 and our memory sharp. Remember, a good memory is not something you are born with—it is something you can 10 . 1．A．forget B．remember C．describe D．connect 2．A．remind B．remember C．know D．forget 3．A．positions B．details C．types D．abilities 4．A．lose B．store C．forget D．describe 5．A．improve B．reduce C．lose D．forget 6．A．connect B．separate C．remind D．describe 7．A．connect B．remind C．relate D．remember 8．A．review B．forget C．avoid D．ignore 9．A．sad B．healthy C．tired D．weak 10．A．lose B．forget C．develop D．describe 二、阅读理解 Memory is a fascinating thing. It allows us to relive our past experiences and shape our future. But how does memory work, and why do we remember some things and forget others? Scientists have discovered that there are three main stages of memory: encoding, storage, and retrieval. Encoding is the process of taking in information. Storage is keeping the information over time. Retrieval is getting the information back when we need it. One interesting fact about memory is that emotions play a big role in what we remember. Have you ever noticed that you remember happy or sad events more clearly than ordinary ones? That’s because strong emotions make the brain pay more attention to the experience. Another important factor is repetition. The more you repeat something, the more likely you are to remember it. This is why students are often told to review their notes regularly. However, memory is not always reliable. Sometimes our memories can change over time or even become false. This happens because when we recall a memory, we are not just playing back a recording — we are reconstructing it based on our current knowledge and feelings. Despite its imperfections, memory remains one of our most valuable gifts. It connects us to our past and helps us plan for the future. 11．What are the three main stages of memory? A．Input, output, and storage. B．Encoding, storage, and retrieval. C．Learning, forgetting, and remembering. D．Short-term, long-term, and sensory. 12．Why do we remember emotional events more clearly? A．Because they happen more often. B．Because the brain pays more attention to them. C．Because we practice remembering them. D．Because they are easier to describe. 13．What does the underlined word “retrieval” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．存储 B．提取 C．编码 D．遗忘 14．Why is memory not always reliable? A．Because people have poor memory. B．Because memories can change or become false. C．Because the brain is too small. D．Because emotions affect memory negatively. 15．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Memory is always accurate and reliable. B．Memory is a simple process that everyone understands. C．Memory is complex and influenced by many factors. D．Only scientists can understand how memory works. 三、任务型阅读 阅读短文，回答问题。   Remember to listen to music. It might just improve your memory.   Scientists have found that learning to play an instrument, including the piano and violin, is good for children's memory.   Researchers at a music school have found that kids who insisted on practicing those instruments over a period of 3 years were more likely to have better memory skills than those who seldom did. The study followed about 200 students in primary schools over 3 years, and tested them on memory tasks every six months.   Toward the end of the study, the researchers started asking them questions about their daily memory. For example, “Do you have more trouble than usual remembering a short list of things, such as a shopping list?” A growing number of “yes” answers can mean their memory is declining.   The participants were divided into five groups, based on how long they practiced each day, from two hours in the longest group to just ten minutes. The two-hour practicers were 34 percent less likely to be forgetful. And the results were even better if the children happened to learn rhythm-rich music. Besides, those who listened to classical music often were 47 percent less likely to become forgetful, compared with those who never did.   “Our studies provide further evidence that art activities can be important to keep your brain healthy,” the researchers said. 16．How long did the researchers follow the participants in the study?（不超过5个词）   ______________________________________________________________ 17．According to the 4th paragraph, what can mean a child's memory is becoming worse?（不超过15个词）   ______________________________________________________________ 18．According to the 5th paragraph, what kind of music is good for memory?（不超过10个词）   ______________________________________________________________ 19．What do the researchers think the studies can prove?（不超过15个词）   ______________________________________________________________ 一、阅读理解 The internet has provided us with unmatched ways to get information but it is also sounding alarms. Some experts argue that the internet will produce forgetfulness in the minds of those learning to use it, because they won’t practise their memory. Is the internet really doing harm to our memories—or will our doubtful experts be proven wrong? After all, the brain’s attention system (系统) and preferences for novel experiences were already there long before the digital age, and our ability to remember is nearly inexhaustible (无穷尽的). According to Michael Merzenich, a brain researcher, every brain is a work in progress; it keeps changing throughout our lives, depending on how we use it. But our brains don’t work well when we’re not focused. When we repeatedly check text messages and social media during work, we are weakening our ability to form both short-and long-term memories, experts say. The flooding of information influences our ability to remember, too. Though our brains are designed to look for new data, too much of it may be causing this natural drive to go wild. The compulsion to continuously take in information means we often check social media when we should be doing “memory housekeeping” by giving our brains some rest. Another problem: the effortless way of receiving information online. Trying to actively recall (回忆) data is a good workout for the brain, but today we are using online search tools instead. However, the internet may be changing only what we remember, not our ability to do so, suggests Columbia University psychologist (心理学家) Betsy Sparrow. In fact, the internet is becoming an outside hard drive for our memories. Some worry that this is having a negative effect on society, but Sparrow suggests this will change our way of learning from a focus on remembering facts to one on understanding ideas. As is shown in a 2008 study, using the internet exercised the brain more than reading among older adults with strong computer skills. And two Harvard psychologists argue that not needing to remember facts might free our minds to focus on more meaningful tasks. “There may be costs caused by our increased dependence on the internet, but generally the benefits are going to outweigh those costs,” says Benjamin Storm, a psychologist. “It seems pretty clear that memory is changing, but is it changing for the better? At this point, we don’t know.” 20．What does the word “compulsion” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Longing. B．Ability. C．Chance. D．Promise. 21．What can we learn from the passage? A．Internet users remember facts better than non-users. B．Novel experiences improve the brain’s attention system. C．Checking social media can give the brain proper breaks. D．The internet may produce a change of focus in learning. 22．How does Benjamin Storm feel about the effects of the internet on memory? A．Uneasy and doubtful. B．Positive but still uncertain. C．Negative but still hopeful. D．Encouraged and confident. 23．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To argue for a belief. B．To challenge a solution. C．To present different views. D．To examine causes and effects. $Unit 4 Our Memory 课时5 Section B (1a-1e) 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 boost / bu:st/ v.促进；使增长 n. 帮助；增长 to start with 首先 short-term /Jɔ:t't3:m/ adj. 短期的 long-term / ,lon 't3:m/ adj. 长期的 technique /tek'ni:k/ n.技巧 passage /'pæsidʒ/ n.段落；走廊 likely / 'larkli/ adv.很可能 adj. 可能的 wear out 使疲乏；磨损 discuss /di'skʌs/v. 讨论；谈论；商量 image /' midʒ/ n.图像；形象 graph / gra:f/ n. 图；图表 organize /' ɔ:gənarz/(=organise) v.处理；组织 view /vju:/v. 看；观看 n. 观点；视野 effective /'fektiv/ adj. 有效的 engine /' endʒin /n. 发动机 fuel / 'fju:əl/ n.燃料 anxiety / æn'zarəti/ n. 焦虑；担心 address /ə'dres/ n.地址 password /'pa:sw3:d/n. 密码；口令 account /s'kaʊnt/n. 账户；账目 句型 1. To start with , it is important to understand how memory works. 首先，了解记忆的运作方式十分重要。 2. A healthy and active body boosts both your memory and your mind . 健康、充满活力的身体能够同时提升你的记忆力与思维能力。 3. Try some different methods to see which ones work best for you. 尝试多种不同方法，看看哪些最适合你。 4. You are sure to improve your memory! 你一定可以提高记忆力！ ) 一、单词默写。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.___________ v.促进；使增长 n. 帮助；增长 2.___________ 首先 3.___________ adj. 短期的 4.___________ adj. 长期的 5.___________ n.技巧 6.___________ n.段落；走廊 7.___________ adv.很可能 adj. 可能的 8.___________ 使疲乏；磨损 9.___________ v. 讨论；谈论；商量 10.___________ n.图像；形象 11.___________ n. 图；图表 12.___________ v.处理；组织 13.___________ v. 看；观看 n. 观点；视野 14.___________ adj. 有效的 15.___________ n. 发动机 16.___________ n.燃料 17.___________ n. 焦虑；担心 18.___________ n.地址 19.___________ n. 密码；口令 20.___________ n. 账户；账目 【答案】boost; to start with; short-term; long-term; technique; passage; likely; wear out; discuss; image; graph; organize; view; effective; engine; fuel; anxiety; address; password; account 二、词组默写。 1. 1. 首先 _______________________ 2. 短期记忆 _______________________ 3. 长期记忆 _______________________ 4. 记下要点 _______________________ 5. 使大脑疲乏 _______________________ 6. 整理信息 _______________________ 7. 减轻焦虑 _______________________ 8. 提升记忆力 _______________________ 【答案】to start with; short-term memory; long-term memory; write down key points; wear out the brain; organize information; reduce anxiety; boost memory 三、根据要求完成句子 1. 首先去弄懂记忆的运作原理，这十分关键。 It is important ________ ________ how memory works to start with. 2. 借助图表整理信息，这个方法十分有效。 It is effective ________ we ________ information with tables and graphs. 3. 充足睡眠帮助大脑整理记忆，这点非常重要。 It matters greatly ________ good sleep ________ your brain organize memories. 4. 健康饮食能够促进我们的记忆力。 Healthy food ________ a ________ to our memory. 5. 我们一定会找到适合自己的记忆方法。 We ________ ________ to find the best memory methods for ourselves. 【答案】 to understand that; organize that; helps gives; boost are sure 一、用方框内所给词或短语的适当形式填空。 passage likely wear out discuss organize effective 1. Please read this short ________ and find out the ways to boost our memory. 2. If you review every day, you are ________ to remember knowledge well. 3. Don’t study for too long, or you will ________ your brain. 4. We can ________ good memory skills with our classmates after class. 5. You can use mind maps ________ all kinds of useful information. 6. Taking notes is an ________ way to help you remember key points. 【答案】1．passage 2．likely 3．wear out 4．discuss 5．to organize 6．effective 【解析】 1．passage 句意：请阅读这篇短文，找出提升记忆力的方法。指示代词 this 后接单数名词，passage 意为 “段落；短文”。故填 passage。 2．likely 句意：如果你每天复习，你很可能牢牢记住知识。固定搭配 be likely to do sth，表示 “很可能做某事”。故填 likely。 3．wear out 句意：不要长时间学习，否则你会让大脑疲惫。情态动词 will 后面接动词短语原形，wear out 意为 “使疲乏”。故填 wear out。 4．discuss 句意：课后我们可以和同学们探讨好用的记忆技巧。情态动词 can 后使用动词原形，discuss 意为 “讨论；谈论”。故填 discuss。 5．to organize 句意：你可以用思维导图整理各类有用的信息。不定式作目的状语，organize 意为 “组织；整理”。故填 to organize。 6．effective 句意：记笔记是帮助你记住要点的有效方法。形容词修饰名词 way，effective 意为 “有效的”。故填 effective。 二、根据汉语提示完成短文。 Would you like to 1._________(促进；提升) your memory? To start with, it is important to understand how memory works. There are two main kinds of memory: 2._________(短期的) memory and 3._________(长期的) memory. Short-term memory helps you remember things for a short time. Long-term memory is the ability to remember things for days, years or even a lifetime. So how do you make sure what you learn enters your long-term memory? By using some clever memory 4._________(技巧) and leading a healthy life, you will see great results. First, pay attention and write down key points. It is easier to remember a summary than every word in a 5._________(段落). Second, use it or lose it. The more you review, the more 6._________(可能的) you will remember what you learn. But do not 7._________(使疲乏) your brain. You can also 8._________(讨论) knowledge with your partners. A third way is to organize information. You can use tables and 9._________(图表) to create 10._________(图像). These useful ways are quite 11._________(有效的). Last but not least, stay healthy. Your brain works like an 12._________(发动机) and it needs enough 13._________(燃料). Exercise helps reduce stress and 14._________(焦虑). Try different methods to find what suits you. You are sure to improve your memory! 【答案】 1. boost 2. short-term 3. long-term 4. techniques 5. passage 6. likely 7. wear out 8. discuss 9. graphs 10. images 11. effective 12. engine 13. fuel 14. anxiety 一、完形填空 Memory is one of the most important abilities we have. It helps us 1 our past experiences and learn from them. Without memory, we wouldn’t be able to 2 who we are or where we come from. There are different 3 of memory. Short-term memory holds information for a short period of time, while long-term memory can 4 information for many years. Scientists believe that we can 5 our memory through practice and proper training. One effective way to improve memory is to 6 new information with what we already know. For example, if you are learning a new word, try to 7 it to something familiar. Another way is to 8 the information regularly. Reviewing what you have learned helps move it from short-term memory to long-term memory. It is also important to get enough sleep and exercise. These activities help keep our brain 9 and our memory sharp. Remember, a good memory is not something you are born with—it is something you can 10 . 1．A．forget B．remember C．describe D．connect 2．A．remind B．remember C．know D．forget 3．A．positions B．details C．types D．abilities 4．A．lose B．store C．forget D．describe 5．A．improve B．reduce C．lose D．forget 6．A．connect B．separate C．remind D．describe 7．A．connect B．remind C．relate D．remember 8．A．review B．forget C．avoid D．ignore 9．A．sad B．healthy C．tired D．weak 10．A．lose B．forget C．develop D．describe 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文介绍了记忆的重要性、种类以及通过练习、联系已知信息和定期复习等方法来改善记忆力的建议。 【详解】1．句意：它帮助我们记住过去的经历并从中学习。 记忆的功能是帮助人们记住过往经历，remember“记住”符合语境。 2．句意：没有记忆，我们将无法知道我们是谁或来自哪里。 此处表达对自身身份的认知，用know“知道”更贴切。remember侧重“记起具体内容”，不如know贴合逻辑。 3．句意：有不同种类的记忆。 后文紧接着介绍了短期记忆、长期记忆两类不同的记忆，因此此处指不同种类的记忆，types“种类”符合语境。 4．句意：短时记忆只能短暂储存信息，而长时记忆可以储存信息多年。 长时记忆的特点是可以把信息储存很多年，store“储存”符合语境。 5．句意：科学家认为，我们可以通过练习和合理训练来提升记忆力。 结合后文“through practice and proper training”，能推断这里是说我们可以通过训练提升记忆力，improve“提升”符合逻辑。 6．句意：提升记忆力的一个有效方法，是把新信息和我们已知的内容关联起来。 固定搭配connect...with...表示“把……和……联系起来”，此处指把新信息和已有的旧信息联系起来。 7．句意：例如，当你学习一个新单词时，试着把它和熟悉的事物联系起来。 固定搭配relate...to...表示“把……与……建立关联”，此处指把新单词与熟悉的事物建立关联。 8．句意：另一种方法是定期复习信息。 根据后文“Reviewing what you have learned...”可知，这里的方法是定期复习信息，review“复习”与后文呼应。 9．句意：这些活动帮助保持大脑健康且记忆敏锐。 前文提到充足的睡眠和运动，它们的作用是让大脑保持健康，healthy“健康的”符合语境。 10．句意：记住，好的记忆不是天生的，而是你可以培养的。 前文说好记性不是天生的，对应的就是它是可以后天培养、锻炼出来的能力，develop“发展，培养”符合逻辑。 二、阅读理解 Memory is a fascinating thing. It allows us to relive our past experiences and shape our future. But how does memory work, and why do we remember some things and forget others? Scientists have discovered that there are three main stages of memory: encoding, storage, and retrieval. Encoding is the process of taking in information. Storage is keeping the information over time. Retrieval is getting the information back when we need it. One interesting fact about memory is that emotions play a big role in what we remember. Have you ever noticed that you remember happy or sad events more clearly than ordinary ones? That’s because strong emotions make the brain pay more attention to the experience. Another important factor is repetition. The more you repeat something, the more likely you are to remember it. This is why students are often told to review their notes regularly. However, memory is not always reliable. Sometimes our memories can change over time or even become false. This happens because when we recall a memory, we are not just playing back a recording — we are reconstructing it based on our current knowledge and feelings. Despite its imperfections, memory remains one of our most valuable gifts. It connects us to our past and helps us plan for the future. 11．What are the three main stages of memory? A．Input, output, and storage. B．Encoding, storage, and retrieval. C．Learning, forgetting, and remembering. D．Short-term, long-term, and sensory. 12．Why do we remember emotional events more clearly? A．Because they happen more often. B．Because the brain pays more attention to them. C．Because we practice remembering them. D．Because they are easier to describe. 13．What does the underlined word “retrieval” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．存储 B．提取 C．编码 D．遗忘 14．Why is memory not always reliable? A．Because people have poor memory. B．Because memories can change or become false. C．Because the brain is too small. D．Because emotions affect memory negatively. 15．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Memory is always accurate and reliable. B．Memory is a simple process that everyone understands. C．Memory is complex and influenced by many factors. D．Only scientists can understand how memory works. 【答案】11．B 12．B 13．B 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文介绍记忆的三个主要阶段，讲述情绪、重复对记忆的影响，同时说明记忆并非总是可靠，记忆是人类宝贵的财富。 【详解】11．原文第二段提到“Scientists have discovered that there are three main stages of memory: encoding, storage, and retrieval.”，说明了记忆的三个主要阶段是编码、储存和提取。 12．原文第三段提到“That’s because strong emotions make the brain pay more attention to the experience.”，说明了我们能更清晰记住带有情绪的事件，是因为大脑会更加关注这些经历。 13．原文第二段提到“Retrieval is getting the information back when we need it.”，说明了retrieval的含义是在我们需要的时候把信息取回来，即提取。 14．原文第五段提到“However, memory is not always reliable. Sometimes our memories can change over time or even become false.”，说明了记忆不总是可靠，因为记忆会发生改变甚至变得虚假。 15．全文介绍记忆的阶段、各类影响因素以及记忆的局限性，说明了记忆很复杂，会受到很多因素的影响。 三、任务型阅读 阅读短文，回答问题。   Remember to listen to music. It might just improve your memory.   Scientists have found that learning to play an instrument, including the piano and violin, is good for children's memory.   Researchers at a music school have found that kids who insisted on practicing those instruments over a period of 3 years were more likely to have better memory skills than those who seldom did. The study followed about 200 students in primary schools over 3 years, and tested them on memory tasks every six months.   Toward the end of the study, the researchers started asking them questions about their daily memory. For example, “Do you have more trouble than usual remembering a short list of things, such as a shopping list?” A growing number of “yes” answers can mean their memory is declining.   The participants were divided into five groups, based on how long they practiced each day, from two hours in the longest group to just ten minutes. The two-hour practicers were 34 percent less likely to be forgetful. And the results were even better if the children happened to learn rhythm-rich music. Besides, those who listened to classical music often were 47 percent less likely to become forgetful, compared with those who never did.   “Our studies provide further evidence that art activities can be important to keep your brain healthy,” the researchers said. 16．How long did the researchers follow the participants in the study?（不超过5个词）   ______________________________________________________________ 17．According to the 4th paragraph, what can mean a child's memory is becoming worse?（不超过15个词）   ______________________________________________________________ 18．According to the 5th paragraph, what kind of music is good for memory?（不超过10个词）   ______________________________________________________________ 19．What do the researchers think the studies can prove?（不超过15个词）   ______________________________________________________________ 【答案】16．For 3 years./Over 3 years. 17．A growing number of “yes” answers to such questions. 18．Rhythm-rich music and classical music. 19．Art activities are important to keep the brain healthy. 【导语】本文研究表明弹奏乐器、聆听音乐有助于提升记忆力，证明艺术活动有益于维持大脑健康。 【详解】16．文中指出：“The study followed about 200 students in primary schools over 3 years”，说明研究者追踪参与者时长为三年。 17．文中指出：“A growing number of ‘yes’ answers can mean their memory is declining”，说明越来越多肯定回答代表孩子记忆力变差。 18．文中指出：“the results were even better if the children happened to learn rhythm-rich music” 以及 “those who listened to classical music often were 47 percent less likely to become forgetful”，说明节奏感强的音乐与古典音乐对记忆力有益。 19．文中指出：“art activities can be important to keep your brain healthy”，说明研究证实艺术活动对保持大脑健康很重要。 一、阅读理解 The internet has provided us with unmatched ways to get information but it is also sounding alarms. Some experts argue that the internet will produce forgetfulness in the minds of those learning to use it, because they won’t practise their memory. Is the internet really doing harm to our memories—or will our doubtful experts be proven wrong? After all, the brain’s attention system (系统) and preferences for novel experiences were already there long before the digital age, and our ability to remember is nearly inexhaustible (无穷尽的). According to Michael Merzenich, a brain researcher, every brain is a work in progress; it keeps changing throughout our lives, depending on how we use it. But our brains don’t work well when we’re not focused. When we repeatedly check text messages and social media during work, we are weakening our ability to form both short-and long-term memories, experts say. The flooding of information influences our ability to remember, too. Though our brains are designed to look for new data, too much of it may be causing this natural drive to go wild. The compulsion to continuously take in information means we often check social media when we should be doing “memory housekeeping” by giving our brains some rest. Another problem: the effortless way of receiving information online. Trying to actively recall (回忆) data is a good workout for the brain, but today we are using online search tools instead. However, the internet may be changing only what we remember, not our ability to do so, suggests Columbia University psychologist (心理学家) Betsy Sparrow. In fact, the internet is becoming an outside hard drive for our memories. Some worry that this is having a negative effect on society, but Sparrow suggests this will change our way of learning from a focus on remembering facts to one on understanding ideas. As is shown in a 2008 study, using the internet exercised the brain more than reading among older adults with strong computer skills. And two Harvard psychologists argue that not needing to remember facts might free our minds to focus on more meaningful tasks. “There may be costs caused by our increased dependence on the internet, but generally the benefits are going to outweigh those costs,” says Benjamin Storm, a psychologist. “It seems pretty clear that memory is changing, but is it changing for the better? At this point, we don’t know.” 20．What does the word “compulsion” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Longing. B．Ability. C．Chance. D．Promise. 21．What can we learn from the passage? A．Internet users remember facts better than non-users. B．Novel experiences improve the brain’s attention system. C．Checking social media can give the brain proper breaks. D．The internet may produce a change of focus in learning. 22．How does Benjamin Storm feel about the effects of the internet on memory? A．Uneasy and doubtful. B．Positive but still uncertain. C．Negative but still hopeful. D．Encouraged and confident. 23．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To argue for a belief. B．To challenge a solution. C．To present different views. D．To examine causes and effects. 【答案】20．A 21．D 22．B 23．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，围绕互联网对人类记忆力的影响展开多方观点讨论，一方面指出分心刷屏、被动检索信息会削弱记忆形成能力，另一方面多位研究者认为互联网只是改变记忆存储内容与学习模式，整体利大于弊，但记忆最终向好还是向坏尚无定论。 【详解】20． 根据第三段上下文“The compulsion to continuously take in information means we often check social media...”可知，这种“compulsion”驱使人们不断查看社交媒体，甚至影响了大脑休息。结合选项，A项Longing（渴望、强烈愿望）最符合这种难以控制的冲动之意。 21． 根据第四段中Betsy Sparrow的观点“...this will change our way of learning from a focus on remembering facts to one on understanding ideas.”可知，互联网可能会改变我们的学习方式，从关注记忆事实转变为关注理解理念。 22． 根据最后一段Benjamin Storm的话“generally the benefits are going to outweigh those costs”（总体上利大于弊，态度积极）以及“At this point, we don't know.”（目前我们还不知道，表示不确定），可以看出他的态度是积极但仍存不确定性的。 23．通读全文可知，文章第一段提出专家担心互联网导致健忘，随后几段分别引用了Michael Merzenich、Betsy Sparrow、Harvard psychologists以及Benjamin Storm等不同专家的观点，讨论了互联网对记忆力的负面影响和正面改变。作者并未单方面论证某一种信念，而是客观呈现了关于该话题的不同观点。 $Unit 4 Our Memory 课时5 Section B (1a-1e) 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 核心知识速记 boost /buːst/ v.促进；使增长 n. 帮助；增长 to start with 首先 short-term /ˌʃɔːtˈtɜːm/ adj. 短期的 long-term /ˌlɒŋˈtɜːm/ adj. 长期的 technique /tekˈniːk/ n.技巧 passage /ˈpæsɪdʒ/ n.段落；走廊 likely /ˈlaɪkli/ adv.很可能 adj. 可能的 wear out 使疲乏；磨损 discuss /dɪˈskʌs/ v. 讨论；谈论；商量 image /ˈɪmɪdʒ/ n.图像；形象 graph /ɡrɑːf/ n. 图；图表 organize /ˈɔːɡənaɪz/(=organise) v.处理；组织 view /vjuː/ v. 看；观看 n. 观点；视野 effective /ɪˈfektɪv/ adj. 有效的 engine /ˈendʒɪn/ n. 发动机 fuel /ˈfjuːəl/ n.燃料 anxiety /æŋˈzaɪəti/ n. 焦虑；担心 address /əˈdres/ n.地址 password /ˈpɑːswɜːd/ n. 密码；口令 account /əˈkaʊnt/ n. 账户；账目 句型 1. To start with, it is important to understand how memory works. 首先，了解记忆的运作方式十分重要。 2. A healthy and active body boosts both your memory and your mind. 健康、充满活力的身体能够同时提升你的记忆力与思维能力。 3. Try some different methods to see which ones work best for you. 尝试多种不同方法，看看哪些最适合你。 4. You are sure to improve your memory! 你一定可以提高记忆力！ 一、单词默写。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 boost; to start with; short-term; long-term; technique; passage; likely; wear out; discuss; image; graph; organize; view; effective; engine; fuel; anxiety; address; password; account 二、词组默写。 1. to start with; short-term memory; long-term memory; write down key points; wear out the brain; organize information; reduce anxiety; boost memory 三、根据要求完成句子 to understand that; organize that; helps gives; boost are sure 一、用方框内所给词或短语的适当形式填空。 1．passage 2．likely 3．wear out 4．discuss 5．to organize 6．effective 二、根据汉语提示完成短文。 1. boost 2. short-term 3. long-term 4. techniques 5. passage 6. likely 7. wear out 8. discuss 9. graphs 10. images 11. effective 12. engine 13. fuel 14. anxiety 一、完形填空 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．C 二、阅读理解 11．B 12．B 13．B 14．B 15．C 三、任务型阅读 16．For 3 years./Over 3 years. 17．A growing number of “yes” answers to such questions. 18．Rhythm-rich music and classical music. 19．Art activities are important to keep the brain healthy. 一、阅读理解 20．A 21．D 22．B 23．C $