Unit 1 课时5 Section B 2a-2c（大单元分层作业）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

**基本信息** 本同步练习以“分层进阶+语篇整合”为特色，通过A/B/C组及拓展层的梯度设计，实现从词汇句型基础巩固到语篇综合应用及中考衔接，适配新授课差异化教学需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组|核心词汇、基础句型|单词/词组默写（如“铁路”“以……为食”），简单句填空，强化语言能力基础| |B组|词汇语境应用、语法规则|选词填空（如narrow/villager辨析），短文语法填空（塞罕坝生态主题），渗透文化意识| |C组|语篇理解、逻辑推理|完形填空（塞罕坝变迁），考查上下文衔接，提升思维品质| |拓展|中考能力迁移|改编中考真题（南水北调工程阅读），链接真实情境，培养学习能力|

Unit 1 The Changing World 课时5 Section B Vocabulary in Use 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 词汇 ___________n. 铁路 ___________adj. 狭窄的 ___________ n. 村民 ___________n. 奇迹 ___________v./n. 带领； 领先地位 ___________以......为食 ___________蛋鸡 _________奥林匹克运动会 ___________adj. 人造的；非天然的 ___________在......的支持下 ___________实体形式 ___________把……维系在一起 句型 1.The road used to ________________. Now, it is wide and clean. 这条路过去又窄又脏。现在，它又宽又干净。 2.The bridge made it convenient for the villagers __________________ the river to the city. 这座桥让村民们过河进城变得很方便。 3.Our farm has a lot of _____________.They _____________ corn, vegetables,and insects. 我们农场有很多蛋鸡。它们以玉米、蔬菜和昆虫为食。 4.Wang Shanghai led ___________ 369 people who ______________ make the environment of Saihanba better.王尚海带领着 369 名决心改善塞罕坝环境的人。 5.Now, the land __________________ green trees and the water is clean and fresh. 如今，这片土地被绿树覆盖，河水清澈洁净。 一、单词默写。 1. ___________ adj. 狭窄的 2. __________ n. 村民 3. ___________ n.铁路 4. __________ v. 带领； n. 领先地位；主角 5. ___________ adj. 人造的；非天然的 6. ___________ n. 奇迹 二、词组默写。 1. 举办奥运会 _______________________ 2. 蛋鸡_______________________ 3. 以…… 为食_______________________ 4. 实体形式；物理形态_______________________ 5. 数字产品_______________________ 6. 环境成就_______________________ 7. 把…… 维系在一起_______________________ 8. 在…… 的支持下_______________________ 9. 一群…… _______________________ 10. 下定决心做某事_______________________ 11. 人工森林_______________________ 12. …… 的结果_______________________ 三、根据要求完成句子 1.这条新建公路让村民运输农产品变得十分便捷，这是多年环境成就的结果。 The new road __________ it __________ for villagers to carry farm goods. It is __________ __________ __________ years of environmental achievements. 2.树木的根系可以把泥土牢牢固定在一起，防止水土流失。 Tree roots can __________ the soil __________ firmly and stop water loss. 3.在政府的支持下，这座城市成功举办了奥运会。 ________ _________ ________ the government, the city successfully _________ the Olympic Games. 4.老师带领一群学生参观人工林，了解生态保护知识。 The teacher led _______ ________ _______ students to visit the man-made forests and learn ecological knowledge. 5.他下定决心改善环境，守护这片绿水青山。 He ________ __________ ________ make the environment better and protect the green mountains and clear water. 6.几十年前，人们不得不走坑洼的土路出行。 People _________ _________ travel on rough dirt roads decades ago. 一、用方框内所给词的适当形式填空。 man-made, rail, narrow, villager, lead 1.The old road was so ________ that two cars couldn’t pass at the same time. 2.Lots of ________ move to the new town because of convenient transport. 3.Mr. Li ________ a team to plant trees on the mountains last year. 4.These ________ lakes help keep the air cool around the village. 5.The high-speed________ is one of the greatest wonders in our country. 二、短文语法填空 In 1962, Wang Shanghai moved with his family from 1.______ (they) house in Chengde to the dry lands of Saihanba. There were few trees to hold the soil) together, and there were often 2.______ (sandstorm). Temperatures were below 3.______ (freeze) during the winter. Life there was very difficult. With support from the 4.______ (govern), Wang Shanghai led a group of 369 people who were determined 5.______ (make) the environment of Saihanba better. Over the next 60 years, workers planted 6.______ (thousand) of trees, creating the world's biggest man-made forest. Today, Saihanba is known 7.______ “the green miracle”. This is the result of hard work and people working together. Now, the land 8.______ (cover) with green trees and the water is clean and fresh. Lots of visitors come here 9.______ enjoy beautiful sights every year. Saihanba also teaches us humans can live 10.______ peace with nature. 一、完形填空 Saihanba used to be a dry and poor place many years ago. Strong winds often blew sand everywhere. Few trees could hold the soil together, and life for local villagers was really hard. Great changes have1.______ here over the past sixty years. Thanks to a large group of young workers, millions of trees were planted little by little. The barren land turned into the world’s largest man-made forest. Because of the improvement of the environment, many wild animals returned. At the same time, local villages also changed 2.______. In the past, narrow muddy roads made travelling difficult. Now new highways 3.______ the mountain villages with big cities. Public transport becomes much 4.______. Villagers can send fresh fruit to outside markets easily. They can also 5.______ with buyers far away on the Internet. Farmers have learned to use new farming technology. Their living conditions have 6.______ a lot. However, development also brings small challenges. Some old villagers still 7.______ the quiet old days without too many visitors. The changing world tells us: nothing can be achieved overnight. We should 8.______ changes bravely and make good use of new chances. As long as people keep working together, they will keep 9.______ progress. We are sure that greener and better life is 10.______ us. ( )1. A.taken up B. taken off C. taken place D. taken away ( )2. A. clearly B. quietly C. slowly D. greatly ( )3. A. connect B. discover C. create D. protect ( )4. A. more crowded B. more convenient C. more difficult D. more comfortable ( )5. A. communicate B. compete C. compare D. continue ( )6. A. repeated B. reviewed C. improved D. prevented ( )7. A. miss B. refuse C. accept D. doubt ( )8. A. avoid B. accept C. control D. forget ( )9. A. taking B. giving C. making D. getting ( )10. A. strict with B. proud of C. ready for D. covered with A 1、 选词填空（用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。） （2023江苏淮安中考改编） confident, with, express, proper, advantage, spread,compare, valuable, depend, trouble Most of us cannot imagine modern life 1.______ social media. We use it almost every day to keep up with friends or get the latest information. If it isn’t used 2.______, social media will cause problems. However, it brings more good than harm. The biggest 3.______ is that people can connect with each other more easily. We can keep in touch with distant friends. It is easier to make friends online, especially for people who are afraid of face-to-face talks. Social media gives shy people a great chance 4.______ their thoughts. Besides, news 5.______ much faster online. However, social media also brings 6.______. It may make people less 7.. Many people often 8.______ their common life with perfect posts online. What’s worse, some people waste plenty of 9.______ time on the Internet. In fact, social media itself is neither good nor bad. Everything 10.______ on users. With strong self-control, it can become a useful tool. B 二、阅读理解 （2026 广西钦州中考模拟改编） In China, a special river made by people carries water to dry lands. This is the South-North Water Transfer Project (南水北调工程). Every New Year, when most families celebrate, keeping this giant man-made river from freezing is one of the most important jobs. On New Year's Eve, Zhang Xipeng is working in the control room at the Xishan Management Station. He has worked here for nine Spring Festivals. He watches screens with data from the waterway. “The data is my map,” he says. “A small change can mean ice is coming.” Outside, Shi Huiquan guards by the icy water. One year, an alarm rang. There was a small fire. He and his team dropped their warm dumplings and ran to stop it. For them, the festival's fireworks are not just celebration, but a reminder to be more careful. At the Huinanzhuang Pump Station (惠南庄泵站), the team fights ice with hard work and smart tools. During a very cold time in 2021, ice pieces almost blocked the water gates. The team had to clean them by hand every hour. They also have a smart computer system. One night, it let them know that ice might block the water. The team changed the water flow from their control room and solved the problem. It was a quiet win for teamwork and technology. As another spring comes, the water continues its journey north, carrying life, hope, and the quiet but hard work of its winter guardians. The pulse of the nation, thanks to them, never misses a beat. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 ( )1. What is the South-North Water Transfer Project? A. A natural river running from south to north. B. A man-made river sending water to dry areas. C. A pump station for putting out fires. D. A computer system used to watch ice. ( )2. How many Spring Festivals has Zhang Xipeng worked at the station? A. For seven. B. For eight. C. For nine. D. For ten. ( )3. What happened to Shi Huiquan and his team one New Year? A. They had to clean ice pieces all day. B. They found the water gates were fully blocked C. The smart system stopped working suddenly. D. A small fire broke out and they put it out quickly. . ( )4. What helped the team solve the ice problem at Huinanzhuang Pump Station? A. Only hard work by hand. B. Lots of warm dumplings and tools. C. Teamwork and modern technology. D. Enough workers and clean water. ( )5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The winter guardians keep the South-North Water Transfer Project running well. B. Different pump stations across China are built to store fresh water. C. People in northern China are in great need of clean drinking water. D. How workers stop fires during the Spring Festival. 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 The Changing World 课时5 Section B （2a-2c） 分层作业 参考答案 核心知识速记 词汇：railway；narrow；villager；miracle；lead；feed on；laying hen；the Olympic Games；man-made；with the support of/ with support from；physical form；hold … together 句型：1.be narrow and dirty 2.to cross 3.laying hens; feed on 4.a group of; were determined to 5.is covered with 一、单词默写。 1.narrow 2.villager 3.rail 4.lead 5.man-made 6.miracle 二、词组默写。 1.hold the Olympic Games 2.laying hens 3.feed on 4.physical form 5.digital products 6.environmental achievements 7.hold … together 8.with support from 9.a group of 10.be determined to do sth. 11.man-made forests 12.the result of 三、 根据要求完成句子 1.makes; convenient; the result of 2.hold; together 3.With support from; held 4.a group of 5.was determined to 6.had to 一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.narrow 2.villagers 3.led 4.man-made 5.rail 二、短文选词填空 1.their 2.sandstorms 3.freezing 4.government 5.to make 6.thousands 7.as 8.is covered 9.and 10.in 一、完形填空 1.C 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.D 拓展 链接中考 A 选词填空 1.without 2.properly 3.advantage 4.to express 5.spreads 6.troubles 7.confident 8.compare 9.valuable 10.depends B 阅读理解 1.B 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.A 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 The Changing World 课时5 Section B Vocabulary in Use 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 词汇 rail n. 铁路 narrow adj. 狭窄的 villager n. 村民 miracle n. 奇迹 lead v./n. 带领； 领先地位 feed on 以......为食 laying hen 蛋鸡 the Olympic Games 奥林匹克运动会 man-made adj. 人造的；非天然的 with the support of/ with support from 在......的支持下 physical form 实体形式 hold...together 把……维系在一起 句型 1.The road used to be narrow and dirty. Now, it is wide and clean. 这条路过去又窄又脏。现在，它又宽又干净。 2.The bridge made it convenient for the villagers to cross the river to the city. 这座桥让村民们过河进城变得很方便。 3.Our farm has a lot of laying hens.They feed on corn, vegetables,and insects. 我们农场有很多蛋鸡。它们以玉米、蔬菜和昆虫为食。 4.Wang Shanghai led a group of 369 people who were determined to make the environment of Saihanba better.王尚海带领着 369 名决心改善塞罕坝环境的人。 5.Now, the land is covered with green trees and the water is clean and fresh. 如今，这片土地被绿树覆盖，河水清澈洁净。 一、单词默写。 1. ___________ adj. 狭窄的 2. __________ n. 村民 3. ___________ n.铁路 4. __________ v. 带领； n. 领先地位；主角 5. ___________ adj. 人造的；非天然的 6. ___________ n. 奇迹 【答案】1.narrow 2.villager 3.rail 4.lead 5.man-made 6.miracle 二、词组默写。 1. 举办奥运会 _______________________ 2. 蛋鸡_______________________ 3. 以…… 为食_______________________ 4. 实体形式；物理形态_______________________ 5. 数字产品_______________________ 6. 环境成就_______________________ 7. 把…… 维系在一起_______________________ 8. 在…… 的支持下_______________________ 9. 一群…… _______________________ 10. 下定决心做某事_______________________ 11. 人工森林_______________________ 12. …… 的结果_______________________ 【答案】1.hold the Olympic Games 2.laying hens 3.feed on 4.physical form 5.digital products 6.environmental achievements 7.hold … together 8.with support from 9.a group of 10.be determined to do sth. 11.man-made forests 12.the result of 三、根据要求完成句子 1.这条新建公路让村民运输农产品变得十分便捷，这是多年环境成就的结果。 The new road __________ it __________ for villagers to carry farm goods. It is __________ __________ __________ years of environmental achievements. 【答案】makes; convenient; the result of 【解析】固定句型 make it + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.，意为 “使某人做某事……”；主语 the new road 是单数名词，描述客观事实用一般现在时，make 变形为 makes；convenient 形容词，表示 “便捷的、方便的”;固定短语 the result of，含义 “…… 的结果”，符合本句语义。 2.树木的根系可以把泥土牢牢固定在一起，防止水土流失。 Tree roots can __________ the soil __________ firmly and stop water loss. 【答案】hold; together 【解析】固定搭配 hold ... together，本单元核心短语，含义 “把…… 维系 / 固定在一起”；情态动词 can 后必须使用动词原形，因此 hold 不变形。 3.在政府的支持下，这座城市成功举办了奥运会。 ________ _________ ________ the government, the city successfully _________ the Olympic Games. 【答案】With support from; held 【解析】固定介词短语 with support from，意为 “在…… 的支持下”，放在句首作状语，首单词 With 首字母大写； hold 表示 “举办（赛事、活动）”，举办奥运会是过去发生的动作，时态为一般过去时，hold 过去式为 held。 4.老师带领一群学生参观人工林，了解生态保护知识。 The teacher led _______ ________ _______ students to visit the man-made forests and learn ecological knowledge. 【答案】a group of 【解析】固定量词短语 a group of，含义 “一群……”，后接可数名词复数 students，是本单元描述人群的高频短语；短语无变形，直接填入。 5.他下定决心改善环境，守护这片绿水青山。 He ________ __________ ________ make the environment better and protect the green mountains and clear water. 【答案】was determined to 【解析】固定结构 be determined to do sth.，意为 “下定决心做某事”；本句描述过去的人物事迹，使用一般过去时；主语 he 为单数，be 动词选用 was。 6.几十年前，人们不得不走坑洼的土路出行。 People _________ _________ travel on rough dirt roads decades ago. 【答案】had to 【解析】固定结构 have to do sth.，专门描述 “不得不做某事”；时间标志 decades ago（几十年前）提示讲述过去的生活状态，因此填have to 的过去形式had to。 一、用方框内所给词的适当形式填空。 man-made, rail, narrow, villager, lead 1.The old road was so ________ that two cars couldn’t pass at the same time. 2.Lots of ________ move to the new town because of convenient transport. 3.Mr. Li ________ a team to plant trees on the mountains last year. 4.These ________ lakes help keep the air cool around the village. 5.The high-speed________ is one of the greatest wonders in our country. 【答案】1.narrow 2.villagers 3.led 4.man-made 5.rail 【解析】1.句意：这条老路太窄了，两辆车无法同时通行。so 后接形容词作表语；结合备选词汇 narrow，意为 “狭窄的”，符合道路路况语境，无变形。故填 narrow。 2.句意：因为交通便利，许多村民搬到了新城镇。Lots of 后接可数名词复数；备选词 villager 意为 “村民”，复数形式 villagers。故填 villagers。 3.句意：去年李先生带领一支队伍上山植树。时间标志 last year 为一般过去时；备选词 lead 意为 “带领”，过去式为 led，作句子谓语。故填 led。 4.句意：这些人工湖让村庄周边的空气保持凉爽。空格修饰名词 lakes，需用形容词；备选词 man-made 是复合形容词，意为 “人造的、人工的”，无变形。故填 man-made。 5.句意：高铁是我国最伟大的奇迹之一。固定搭配 high-speed railway 意为 “高速铁路”；备选词 rail 变形为 railway 表示铁路，单数形式。故填 railway。 二、短文语法填空 In 1962, Wang Shanghai moved with his family from 1.______ (they) house in Chengde to the dry lands of Saihanba. There were few trees to hold the soil) together, and there were often 2.______ (sandstorm). Temperatures were below 3.______ (freeze) during the winter. Life there was very difficult. With support from the 4.______ (govern), Wang Shanghai led a group of 369 people who were determined 5.______ (make) the environment of Saihanba better. Over the next 60 years, workers planted 6.______ (thousand) of trees, creating the world's biggest man-made forest. Today, Saihanba is known 7.______ “the green miracle”. This is the result of hard work and people working together. Now, the land 8.______ (cover) with green trees and the water is clean and fresh. Lots of visitors come here 9.______ enjoy beautiful sights every year. Saihanba also teaches us humans can live 10.______ peace with nature. 【答案】1.their 2.sandstorms 3.freezing 4.government 5.to make 6.thousands 7.as 8.is covered 9.and 10.in 【解析】 1.句意：1962 年，王尚海和家人从承德他们的家搬到塞罕坝干旱的土地。空格修饰名词 house，需要形容词性物主代词；括号内主格代词 they，变形为形容词性物主代词 their，意为 “他们的”。故填 their。 2.句意：这里几乎没有树木固土，而且经常出现沙尘暴。空前 often 表示泛指一类事物，可数名词需用复数；提示词 sandstorm 为可数名词，复数形式 sandstorms。故填 sandstorms。 3.句意：冬季气温在零度以下，生活十分艰苦。固定搭配 below freezing 表示 “零度以下”；提示词 freeze 动词，变为形容词 freezing（冰点、严寒）。故填 freezing。 4.句意：在政府的支持下，王尚海带领 369 名下定决心改善塞罕坝环境的人。空前定冠词 the 后接名词；提示词 govern 动词 “管理”，名词形式 government，意为 “政府”。故填 government。 5.句意：这群人下定决心改善塞罕坝的生态环境。固定短语 be determined to do sth. 下定决心做某事，不定式作宾语；括号内动词 make 变为 to make。故填 to make。 6.句意：在接下来的 60 多年里，工人们种下成千上万棵树，造就了全球最大人工林。固定搭配 thousands of 成千上万，必须加 s；提示词 thousand 变形为 thousands。故填 thousands。 7.句意：如今塞罕坝被誉为 “绿色奇迹”。固定短语 be known as，意为 “作为…… 闻名”，空后是称号，搭配介词 as。故填 as。 8.句意：现在这片土地被绿树覆盖，河水清澈洁净。固定搭配 be covered with“被…… 覆盖”，表被动；now 为一般现在时标志，主语 the land 是单数，be 动词用 is，cover 变为过去分词 covered。故填 is covered。 9.句意：每年许多游客来到这里，欣赏美景。come here 与 enjoy beautiful sights 是两个并列动作，用并列连词 and 连接两个谓语动词 come 和 enjoy，构成并列谓语结构。故填 and。 10.句意：塞罕坝也告诉我们人类可以与自然和谐共处。固定搭配 live in peace with…，意为 “与…… 和平共处”，搭配介词 in。故填 in。 一、完形填空 Saihanba used to be a dry and poor place many years ago. Strong winds often blew sand everywhere. Few trees could hold the soil together, and life for local villagers was really hard. Great changes have1.______ here over the past sixty years. Thanks to a large group of young workers, millions of trees were planted little by little. The barren land turned into the world’s largest man-made forest. Because of the improvement of the environment, many wild animals returned. At the same time, local villages also changed 2.______. In the past, narrow muddy roads made travelling difficult. Now new highways 3.______ the mountain villages with big cities. Public transport becomes much 4.______. Villagers can send fresh fruit to outside markets easily. They can also 5.______ with buyers far away on the Internet. Farmers have learned to use new farming technology. Their living conditions have 6.______ a lot. However, development also brings small challenges. Some old villagers still 7.______ the quiet old days without too many visitors. The changing world tells us: nothing can be achieved overnight. We should 8.______ changes bravely and make good use of new chances. As long as people keep working together, they will keep 9.______ progress. We are sure that greener and better life is 10.______ us. ( )1. A.taken up B. taken off C. taken place D. taken away ( )2. A. clearly B. quietly C. slowly D. greatly ( )3. A. connect B. discover C. create D. protect ( )4. A. more crowded B. more convenient C. more difficult D. more comfortable ( )5. A. communicate B. compete C. compare D. continue ( )6. A. repeated B. reviewed C. improved D. prevented ( )7. A. miss B. refuse C. accept D. doubt ( )8. A. avoid B. accept C. control D. forget ( )9. A. taking B. giving C. making D. getting ( )10. A. strict with B. proud of C. ready for D. covered with 【答案】1.C 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.D 【详解】本文以塞罕坝六十年变迁为线索，对比过去黄沙漫天、环境恶劣与如今林海环绕、乡村飞速发展的景象，围绕单元主题 The Changing World，讲述生态建设与科技交通带来的巨大改变。 1. 短语辨析题。句意：在过去六十年间，这里发生了翻天覆地的变化。taken up 占据；taken off 起飞、脱掉；taken place 发生；taken away 拿走。over the past sixty years 是现在完成时标志，great changes take place 表示 “发生巨变”，贴合全文乡村、生态变化的核心话题。故选 C。 2. 逻辑判断题。句意：与此同时，当地村庄也发生了巨大变化。clearly 清晰地；quietly 安静地；slowly 缓慢地；greatly 极大地。前文讲述环境大幅改善，此处表达村庄变化程度大，change greatly 是高频搭配，契合时代发展语境。故选 D。 3. 固定搭配题。句意：如今新建高速公路把山村和大城市连接起来。connect 连接；discover 发现；create 创造；protect 保护。固定搭配 connect…with… 表示 “把…… 与…… 相连”，用来描述交通线路连通城乡，符合交通发展内容。故选 A。 4. 语境情感题。句意：公共交通变得便利得多。more crowded 更拥挤；more convenient 更便利；more difficult 更困难；more comfortable 更舒适。前文讲公路贯通城乡，出行变得便捷，convenient 贴合交通改善的正向语境，far/much 可修饰比较级。故选 B。 5. 固定搭配题。句意：村民还能通过网络和远方买家沟通。communicate 交流；compete 竞争；compare 对比；continue 继续。固定短语 communicate with sb. 意为 “与某人沟通”，描写互联网给农户带来的便利，是单元核心短语。故选 A。 6. 词义辨析题。句意：他们的生活条件得到了极大改善。repeated 重复；reviewed 复习；improved 改善；prevented 阻止。前文提到新式农业技术、便捷交通，生活水平提升，living conditions improve 表示 “生活条件改善”，符合发展主题。故选 C。 7. 语境情感题。句意：一些老人依旧怀念游客稀少时宁静的旧日时光。miss 怀念；refuse 拒绝；accept 接受；doubt 怀疑。后半句 the quiet old days 安静往昔，体现老人对过去生活的留恋，miss 贴合怀旧情感。故选 A。 8. 逻辑判断题。句意：我们应当勇敢接纳变化，并充分利用新机遇。avoid 躲避；accept 接受、接纳；control 控制；forget 忘记。后文 make good use of new chances 把握新机遇，说明要主动接纳时代发展带来的改变，accept 符合正向价值观。故选 B。 9. 固定搭配题。句意：只要人们齐心协力，就能持续取得进步。taking 拿；giving 给予；making 制作；getting 得到。固定短语 make progress 表示 “取得进步”，是本单元高频核心短语，无其他动词可替换该搭配。故选 C。 10. 词义辨析题。句意：我们坚信更绿色美好的生活环绕在我们身边。strict with 对…… 严格；proud of 为…… 自豪；ready for 为…… 做好准备；covered with 被…… 环绕、覆盖。文章描写绿树环绕、生态向好，covered with 此处引申为美好新生活环绕着人们，贴合塞罕坝林海环绕的画面。故选 D。 A 1、 选词填空（用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。） （2023江苏淮安中考改编） confident, with, express, proper, advantage, spread,compare, valuable, depend, trouble Most of us cannot imagine modern life 1.______ social media. We use it almost every day to keep up with friends or get the latest information. If it isn’t used 2.______, social media will cause problems. However, it brings more good than harm. The biggest 3.______ is that people can connect with each other more easily. We can keep in touch with distant friends. It is easier to make friends online, especially for people who are afraid of face-to-face talks. Social media gives shy people a great chance 4.______ their thoughts. Besides, news 5.______ much faster online. However, social media also brings 6.______. It may make people less 7.. Many people often 8.______ their common life with perfect posts online. What’s worse, some people waste plenty of 9.______ time on the Internet. In fact, social media itself is neither good nor bad. Everything 10.______ on users. With strong self-control, it can become a useful tool. 【答案】1.without 2.properly 3.advantage 4.to express 5.spreads 6.troubles 7.confident 8.compare 9.valuable 10.depends 【详解】1.句意：我们大多数人无法想象没有社交媒体的现代生活。本句表达缺少社交媒体的生活难以想象；备选介词 with 意为 “带有”，其反义词 without 表示 “没有”，符合句子逻辑语义。故填 without。 2.句意：如果使用方式不恰当，社交媒体会带来许多问题。空格修饰动词 used，需要副词；提示词 proper 是形容词 “合适的、恰当的”，副词变形为 properly，用来修饰行为动作。故填 properly。 3.句意：它最大的优势是人们能更便捷地互相联系。形容词 the biggest 后接单数名词；advantage 作名词表示 “优势、好处”，后文介绍社交软件便于联络，属于社交媒体的优点，贴合语境。故填 advantage。 4.句意：社交媒体给内向害羞的人提供表达想法的绝佳机会。固定搭配 a chance to do sth.，不定式作后置定语；express thoughts 为固定搭配 “表达想法”，因此动词 express 变形为 to express。故填 to express。 5.句意：新闻在网络上传播速度快得多。本句为一般现在时，news 是不可数名词，作主语时谓语动词使用第三人称单数；spread 动词 “传播”，三单形式为 spreads。故填 spreads。 6.句意：然而，社交媒体也会带来诸多麻烦。bring 后接名词作宾语，此处泛指各类负面问题，trouble 可数名词，用复数形式 troubles。故填 troubles。 7.句意：它可能会让人变得不那么自信。make sb.+ 形容词为固定结构，意为 “使某人……”；confident 形容词 “自信的”，less confident 表示 “缺乏自信”，契合后文人们攀比网络动态产生心理落差的语境。故填 confident。 8.句意：很多人常常拿自己平凡的生活和网上精致的动态做对比。固定搭配 compare A with B，意为 “把 A 和 B 对比”；often 是一般现在时标志，主语 people 为复数，谓语动词使用原形 compare。故填 compare。 9.句意：更糟糕的是，一部分人在网络上浪费大量宝贵的时间。空格修饰名词 time，需要形容词；valuable 形容词 “宝贵的、珍贵的”，valuable time 表示宝贵时间，符合浪费时间的负面语境。故填 valuable。 10.句意：事实上社交媒体本身无好坏之分，一切取决于使用者。固定短语 depend on 意为 “取决于”；everything 作主语视为单数，一般现在时谓语动词变为三单 depends。故填 depends。 B 二、阅读理解 （2026 广西钦州中考模拟改编） In China, a special river made by people carries water to dry lands. This is the South-North Water Transfer Project (南水北调工程). Every New Year, when most families celebrate, keeping this giant man-made river from freezing is one of the most important jobs. On New Year's Eve, Zhang Xipeng is working in the control room at the Xishan Management Station. He has worked here for nine Spring Festivals. He watches screens with data from the waterway. “The data is my map,” he says. “A small change can mean ice is coming.” Outside, Shi Huiquan guards by the icy water. One year, an alarm rang. There was a small fire. He and his team dropped their warm dumplings and ran to stop it. For them, the festival's fireworks are not just celebration, but a reminder to be more careful. At the Huinanzhuang Pump Station (惠南庄泵站), the team fights ice with hard work and smart tools. During a very cold time in 2021, ice pieces almost blocked the water gates. The team had to clean them by hand every hour. They also have a smart computer system. One night, it let them know that ice might block the water. The team changed the water flow from their control room and solved the problem. It was a quiet win for teamwork and technology. As another spring comes, the water continues its journey north, carrying life, hope, and the quiet but hard work of its winter guardians. The pulse of the nation, thanks to them, never misses a beat. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 ( )1. What is the South-North Water Transfer Project? A. A natural river running from south to north. B. A man-made river sending water to dry areas. C. A pump station for putting out fires. D. A computer system used to watch ice. ( )2. How many Spring Festivals has Zhang Xipeng worked at the station? A. For seven. B. For eight. C. For nine. D. For ten. ( )3. What happened to Shi Huiquan and his team one New Year? A. They had to clean ice pieces all day. B. They found the water gates were fully blocked C. The smart system stopped working suddenly. D. A small fire broke out and they put it out quickly. . ( )4. What helped the team solve the ice problem at Huinanzhuang Pump Station? A. Only hard work by hand. B. Lots of warm dumplings and tools. C. Teamwork and modern technology. D. Enough workers and clean water. ( )5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The winter guardians keep the South-North Water Transfer Project running well. B. Different pump stations across China are built to store fresh water. C. People in northern China are in great need of clean drinking water. D. How workers stop fires during the Spring Festival. 【答案】1.B 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.A 【详解】本文以南水北调人工输水工程为主题，讲述春节期间一线工作人员坚守岗位，依靠人力协作与智能科技保障输水干线正常运行，展现重大民生工程背后平凡守护者的坚守。 1. 细节理解题。题干句意：南水北调工程是什么？定位原文第一段第一、二句：In China, a special river made by people carries water to dry lands. This is the South-North Water Transfer Project. 翻译：在中国，一条人工修建的特殊河流向干旱地区输水，这就是南水北调工程。man-made river 对应选项 a man-made river；sends water to dry areas 和 carries water to dry lands 语义一致。A 天然河流表述错误，C 泵站，D 智能系统只是工程配套设施，并非工程本身。故选 B。 2. 细节理解题。题干句意：张西鹏在站点工作过多少个春节？定位原文第二段第二句：He has worked here for nine Spring Festivals. 翻译：他已经在这里度过九个春节。for nine Spring Festivals 对应选项 For nine。故选 C。 3. 细节理解题。题干句意：有一年春节，史惠全和他的团队遇到了什么事？定位原文第二段：One year, an alarm rang. There was a small fire. He and his team dropped their warm dumplings and ran to stop it. 翻译：有一年警报响起，出现小火情，他和队员放下热饺子立刻前去灭火。a small fire broke out and they put it out quickly 和原文内容完全匹配；A 清理冰块，B 闸门完全堵塞，C 智能系统故障均未出现在该段故事中。故选 D。 4. 细节理解题。题干句意：在惠南庄泵站，什么帮助工作人员解决结冰难题？定位原文第三段最后一句：It was a quiet win for teamwork and technology. 翻译：这次顺利解决是团队协作与科技共同取得的成果。teamwork and modern technology 与原文 teamwork and smart computer system（科技工具）对应；A 仅靠人工，B 大量温暖的饺子和工具，D 充足工人清水均片面，不符合原文表述。故选 C。 5. 主旨大意题。题干句意：这篇文章的主旨是什么？全文结构：开篇介绍南水北调人工输水工程，中间两段分别描写两处站点工作人员春节值守，依靠人力与智能设备处理结冰、火情等突发问题，结尾总结冬季守护者默默付出保障工程运转。B 修建储水泵站，C 北方缺水，D 工作人员防火都只是文中局部细节，无法概括全文；只有 A “冬季守护者保障南水北调工程平稳运行” 完整覆盖全文人物、事件、核心主旨。故选 A。 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $