独立主格导学案-2026-2027学年初升高英语衔接复习专项

独立主格 学习目标：精准识别独立主格结构，区分普通非谓语状语与独立主格；掌握主语不一致核心判定逻辑；熟练六种结构形式 做题核心两步万能口诀： ①看__________：判断非谓语逻辑主语是否与主句主语一致 ②看__________：根据主被动、动作时序，匹配独立主格正确形式 一、基础概念挖空 1. 独立主格：自带独立逻辑主语的非谓语结构，与主句主语________（相同/不同）。 2. 句法功能：在句中作________或伴随状语，表时间、原因、条件、伴随、方式。 3. 核心特征：无连词、无完整谓语，只是短语结构，不构成句子。 4. 本质替换：独立主格 = ________状语从句（省略连词、主语、be动词） 5. 高考判定绝杀：主句完整不缺成分、无连词、前后主语不一致 → 优先判定________结构。 二、六大核心结构分类 1. 名词/代词 + ________（主动/进行） 2. 名词/代词 + ________（被动/完成） 3. 名词/代词 + ________（将来动作） 4. 名词/代词 + 形容词（表状态） 5. 名词/代词 + ________（表地点/状态） 6. 名词/代词 + 名词（同位状态说明） 高频特例：________ 引导的独立主格（最常考万能结构） 三、六大结构精讲+例句挖空 （1）名词/代词 + doing（主动、进行） ① The breeze ________ (blow) gently, the coastal scenery looks extremely pleasant. 句意：微风轻拂，海滨景色格外怡人。 （2）名词/代词 + done（被动、完成） ② All preparations ________ (finish), the official forum started on time. 句意：所有准备工作就绪，这场官方论坛准时开幕。 （3）名词/代词 + to do（将来未发生） ③ A series of new policies ________ (carry) out next season, citizens are full of expectations. 句意：一系列新政策将于下季度实施，市民们满怀期待。 （4）名词/代词 + 形容词（状态伴随） ④ The atmosphere ________ (peace), all participants communicated politely with each other. 句意：氛围平和，所有参与者都礼貌交流。 （5）名词/代词 + 介词短语 ⑤ The young artist ________ in high spirits, she devoted herself to new creation. 句意：这位年轻艺术家兴致高昂，全身心投入新创作。 （6）名词/代词 + 名词 ⑥ The man ________ an experienced expert, he offered plenty of professional guidance. 句意：此人是资深专家，提供了大量专业指导。 （7）with万能独立主格（写作最高频） ⑦ With the project ________ (improve) constantly, the overall efficiency has risen greatly. 句意：随着项目不断优化，整体效率大幅提升。 四、超级易混难点填空 【普通非谓语 VS 独立主格】 1. ________ (follow) the guide, the tourists visited the ancient temple.（主语一致，普通分词） 2. The guide ________ (lead) the way, the tourists visited the ancient temple.（主语不一致，独立主格） 【doing / done 主被动绝杀区分】 1. Time ________ (permit), we will further discuss the detailed plan.（时间主动允许） 2. All doubts ________ (remove), we decided to cooperate with the team.（疑惑被消除，被动） 【to do / doing 时序区分】 1. Many tasks ________ (complete) tomorrow, we need to arrange our schedule in advance.（将来） 2. Tasks ________ (accumulate) for weeks, he felt extremely stressed out.（持续进行） 【独立主格 VS 状语从句】 1. ________ the weather improves, we will launch the outdoor activity.（完整从句，带连词） 2. The weather ________ (improve), we will launch the outdoor activity.（独立主格，无连词） 五、高考高频固定句型挖空 1. Time ________ (permit) 时间允许的话 2. Weather ________ (allow) 天气允许的话 3. All things ________ (consider) 综合所有因素 4. Nothing ________ (leave) to chance 一切尽在掌控 5. With sb ________ (do) 随着某人正在做…… 6. With sth ________ (done) 随着某事被完成 六、易错点禁区挖空 1. 独立主格绝对不加并列连词/从属连词，有连词优先判定为________ 2. 主句与独立主格主语必须________，一致则直接用普通非谓语 3. 独立主格无________动词，永远不能单独成句 4. with独立主格中，不定式多表________动作，doing表进行，done表被动完成 5. 形容词/名词型独立主格，直接后置，无需加________ 七、课堂随堂综合填空 1. The final result ________ (announce), the whole audience burst into warm applause. 2. More opportunities ________ (arrive) soon, young people should make full preparations. 3. The local economy ________ booming, people’s living standard has been greatly promoted. 4. All factors ________ (weigh), the research team chose the most practical solution. 5. The lecture ________ (begin) in ten minutes, please keep quiet and take your seats. 6. The bright moon ________ in the sky, we enjoyed a peaceful night outdoors. 7. With new technology ________ (update) rapidly, traditional industries face huge transformation. 8. The problem ________ settled, we moved on to the next stage of the project. 9. Plenty of data ________ (analyse), the researcher drew a convincing conclusion. 10. The road condition ________ terrible, we had to delay our travel plan. 练习 题型一：独立主格结构辨析 要求：划出独立主格结构，判断结构形式，翻译整句 1. The task finished ahead of schedule, all the group members breathed a sigh of relief. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. A great many volunteers taking part in the activity, the community‑service plan was carried out smoothly. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. The weather being fine, we decided to carry out an on‑the‑spot investigation into local traditional culture. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Lots of problems to settle, the research team will work extra hours during the weekend. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. The lights on, the students continued to discuss the best way to carry out the environmental project. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. His lecture having ended, a crowd of students surrounded the expert to raise questions. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. No more money available, we had to give up building an extra reading corner in the classroom. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. All the data collected, the reporter began to write an article about teenagers’ mental pressure. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. A new policy to be put into effect next month, citizens hold high expectations of public‑service facilities. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. The exam approaching, every senior‑three student made a practical daily review plan. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 11. The door open, the fresh wind brought the smell of grass from the school garden outside. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. His plan having been turned down, he started to design a more practical alternative immediately. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 13. The whole town in a festive atmosphere, countless tourists came to appreciate traditional folk performances. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 14. Time permitting, we will interview several elders about the history of the ancient buildings. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 15. The homework done, the students went out to take exercise to relieve academic pressure. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 题型二：语法填空·独立主格专项特训 要求：用括号内动词的恰当形式构成独立主格结构，判断逻辑主被动、时间先后关系 1. The speech‑contest ________(hold) tomorrow, many students are busy polishing their speeches these days. 2. All the preparations ________(complete), the teacher announced the start of the volunteer activity. 3. The temperature ________(rise) day by day, more people choose to do outdoor exercise in the early morning. 4. No reference books ________(leave), he had to borrow some from the school library. 5. Everything ________(consider), the chairman decided to put off the meeting until next Friday. 6. The sun ________(set), the tourists put up their tents and prepared for the night in the mountain area. 7. A lot of new information ________(process), the researcher drew a reasonable conclusion at last. 8. The window ________(break), we had to ask a repairman to deal with the problem right away. 9. The activity ________(cancel), the students felt a little disappointed but accepted the result calmly. 10. The plan ________(discuss) at the next meeting, all members collected related materials actively. 11. The rain ________(stop), the students continued their environmental‑protection survey in the countryside. 12. His article ________(publish) next week, he made several final revisions carefully. 13. The manager away, the office workers dealt with daily affairs on their own for the time being.（补全结构） 14. Most problems ________(solve), we began to think about the follow‑up work of the project. 15. The signal ________(strengthen), online‑class students can listen to the teacher more clearly. 题型三：高考中译英·独立主格结构专项 1. 天气允许的话，我们将参观这座有着千年历史的文化古镇。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 所有的错题整理完毕，他开始进行整套试卷的模拟训练。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 新的校规将要实施，学生们展开热烈的讨论。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. 讲座结束了，许多同学上前向主讲专家表达感谢。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. 没有足够的时间，我们不得不缩短户外研学活动的时长。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. 秋天来临，满山的树木披上了金黄的外衣。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. 他的提议被否决了，于是他构思了一套全新的实施方案。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. 一切因素都考虑在内，校长批准了校园垃圾分类的计划。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. 太阳升起来了，登山者继续向着山顶进发。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. 门开着，阵阵花香飘进了安静的教室。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 11. 大量数据被分析之后，科学家发布了青少年视力健康的报告。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. 比赛即将到来，运动员们加大了日常训练的强度。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 13. 暴风雨已经过去，村民们着手修复被毁坏的房屋。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 14. 校长外出开会，班主任暂时管理整个班级。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 15. 作业将要检查，每位学生认真核对自己书写的答案。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 题型四：高考英译中·独立主格长难句翻译训练 要求：划出独立主格结构，翻译句子 1. The plan to be discussed next week, all group members collected information related to environmental protection. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. The fire put out, the firefighters left the building and had a short break. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Night falling gradually, visitors enjoyed the beautiful night view of the ancient town by the river. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. No paper available, the student had to write his article on the electronic device. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. His essay having been graded, the teacher gave him some practical suggestions on improvement. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. All the factors taken into consideration, the local government adjusted the time‑limit of the volunteer activity. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. The wind blowing gently, the students walked along the lake and talked about their future career goals. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. The new lab to be built next year, the science students are extremely excited about the good news. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. The lights off, all the students left the classroom and went back to the dormitory. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. Most of the tasks finished ahead of schedule, the research team could have a proper rest. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 11. The expert having arrived at the campus, the students prepared questions to communicate with him. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. The river in good condition, more tourists choose to go boating on weekends. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 13. The cloud having lifted, the climbers continued their tough climbing task without fear. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 14. The manager absent, the staff held a small meeting to talk about the daily working problems. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 15. The speech having ended, many teenagers reflected on their own attitude towards lifelong learning. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 独立主格 学习目标：精准识别独立主格结构，区分普通非谓语状语与独立主格；掌握主语不一致核心判定逻辑；熟练六种结构形式 做题核心两步万能口诀： ①看__________：判断非谓语逻辑主语是否与主句主语一致 ②看__________：根据主被动、动作时序，匹配独立主格正确形式 一、基础概念挖空 1. 独立主格：自带独立逻辑主语的非谓语结构，与主句主语________（相同/不同）。 2. 句法功能：在句中作________或伴随状语，表时间、原因、条件、伴随、方式。 3. 核心特征：无连词、无完整谓语，只是短语结构，不构成句子。 4. 本质替换：独立主格 = ________状语从句（省略连词、主语、be动词） 5. 高考判定绝杀：主句完整不缺成分、无连词、前后主语不一致 → 优先判定________结构。 二、六大核心结构分类 1. 名词/代词 + ________（主动/进行） 2. 名词/代词 + ________（被动/完成） 3. 名词/代词 + ________（将来动作） 4. 名词/代词 + 形容词（表状态） 5. 名词/代词 + ________（表地点/状态） 6. 名词/代词 + 名词（同位状态说明） 高频特例：________ 引导的独立主格（最常考万能结构） 三、六大结构精讲+例句挖空 （1）名词/代词 + doing（主动、进行） ① The breeze ________ (blow) gently, the coastal scenery looks extremely pleasant. 句意：微风轻拂，海滨景色格外怡人。 （2）名词/代词 + done（被动、完成） ② All preparations ________ (finish), the official forum started on time. 句意：所有准备工作就绪，这场官方论坛准时开幕。 （3）名词/代词 + to do（将来未发生） ③ A series of new policies ________ (carry) out next season, citizens are full of expectations. 句意：一系列新政策将于下季度实施，市民们满怀期待。 （4）名词/代词 + 形容词（状态伴随） ④ The atmosphere ________ (peace), all participants communicated politely with each other. 句意：氛围平和，所有参与者都礼貌交流。 （5）名词/代词 + 介词短语 ⑤ The young artist ________ in high spirits, she devoted herself to new creation. 句意：这位年轻艺术家兴致高昂，全身心投入新创作。 （6）名词/代词 + 名词 ⑥ The man ________ an experienced expert, he offered plenty of professional guidance. 句意：此人是资深专家，提供了大量专业指导。 （7）with万能独立主格（写作最高频） ⑦ With the project ________ (improve) constantly, the overall efficiency has risen greatly. 句意：随着项目不断优化，整体效率大幅提升。 四、超级易混难点填空 【普通非谓语 VS 独立主格】 1. ________ (follow) the guide, the tourists visited the ancient temple.（主语一致，普通分词） 2. The guide ________ (lead) the way, the tourists visited the ancient temple.（主语不一致，独立主格） 【doing / done 主被动绝杀区分】 1. Time ________ (permit), we will further discuss the detailed plan.（时间主动允许） 2. All doubts ________ (remove), we decided to cooperate with the team.（疑惑被消除，被动） 【to do / doing 时序区分】 1. Many tasks ________ (complete) tomorrow, we need to arrange our schedule in advance.（将来） 2. Tasks ________ (accumulate) for weeks, he felt extremely stressed out.（持续进行） 【独立主格 VS 状语从句】 1. ________ the weather improves, we will launch the outdoor activity.（完整从句，带连词） 2. The weather ________ (improve), we will launch the outdoor activity.（独立主格，无连词） 五、高考高频固定句型挖空 1. Time ________ (permit) 时间允许的话 2. Weather ________ (allow) 天气允许的话 3. All things ________ (consider) 综合所有因素 4. Nothing ________ (leave) to chance 一切尽在掌控 5. With sb ________ (do) 随着某人正在做…… 6. With sth ________ (done) 随着某事被完成 六、易错点禁区挖空 1. 独立主格绝对不加并列连词/从属连词，有连词优先判定为________ 2. 主句与独立主格主语必须________，一致则直接用普通非谓语 3. 独立主格无________动词，永远不能单独成句 4. with独立主格中，不定式多表________动作，doing表进行，done表被动完成 5. 形容词/名词型独立主格，直接后置，无需加________ 七、课堂随堂综合填空 1. The final result ________ (announce), the whole audience burst into warm applause. 2. More opportunities ________ (arrive) soon, young people should make full preparations. 3. The local economy ________ booming, people’s living standard has been greatly promoted. 4. All factors ________ (weigh), the research team chose the most practical solution. 5. The lecture ________ (begin) in ten minutes, please keep quiet and take your seats. 6. The bright moon ________ in the sky, we enjoyed a peaceful night outdoors. 7. With new technology ________ (update) rapidly, traditional industries face huge transformation. 8. The problem ________ settled, we moved on to the next stage of the project. 9. Plenty of data ________ (analyse), the researcher drew a convincing conclusion. 10. The road condition ________ terrible, we had to delay our travel plan. 【挖空版完整版答案】 做题核心两步万能口诀 ①看主主语是否一致 ②看语态与时序 一、基础概念挖空 1. 不同 2. 时间/原因/条件 3. 完整 4. 简化 5. 独立主格 二、六大核心结构分类 1. doing 2. done 3. to do 4. 介词短语 5. with 三、六大结构精讲例句 1. blowing 2. finished 3. to be carried 4. peaceful 5. being 6. being 7. improving 四、超级易混难点 普通非谓语VS独立主格 1. Following 2. leading doing/done主被动 1. permitting 2. removed to do/doing时序 1. to be completed 2. accumulating 从句VS独立主格 1. If/When 2. improving 五、高考高频固定句型 1. permitting 2. allowing 3. considered 4. left 5. doing 6. done 六、易错点禁区挖空 1. 状语从句 2. 不同 3. 谓语 4. 将来 5. being 七、课堂随堂综合填空 1. announced 2. to arrive 3. being 4. weighed 5. to begin 6. hanging 7. updating 8. being 9. analysed 10. being 练习 题型一：独立主格结构辨析 要求：划出独立主格结构，判断结构形式，翻译整句 1. The task finished ahead of schedule, all the group members breathed a sigh of relief. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. A great many volunteers taking part in the activity, the community‑service plan was carried out smoothly. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. The weather being fine, we decided to carry out an on‑the‑spot investigation into local traditional culture. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Lots of problems to settle, the research team will work extra hours during the weekend. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. The lights on, the students continued to discuss the best way to carry out the environmental project. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. His lecture having ended, a crowd of students surrounded the expert to raise questions. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. No more money available, we had to give up building an extra reading corner in the classroom. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. All the data collected, the reporter began to write an article about teenagers’ mental pressure. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. A new policy to be put into effect next month, citizens hold high expectations of public‑service facilities. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. The exam approaching, every senior‑three student made a practical daily review plan. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 11. The door open, the fresh wind brought the smell of grass from the school garden outside. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. His plan having been turned down, he started to design a more practical alternative immediately. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 13. The whole town in a festive atmosphere, countless tourists came to appreciate traditional folk performances. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 14. Time permitting, we will interview several elders about the history of the ancient buildings. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 15. The homework done, the students went out to take exercise to relieve academic pressure. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 题型一 参考答案&逐句解析 1. 独立主格：The task finished ahead of schedule 形式：名词＋过去分词（被动完成） 翻译：任务提前完成，全体组员都松了一口气。 2. 独立主格：A great many volunteers taking part in the activity 形式：名词＋现在分词（主动进行） 翻译：大批志愿者参与本次活动，社区服务计划顺利落地实施。 3. 独立主格：The weather being fine 形式：名词＋现在分词 翻译：天气晴朗，我们决定对本土传统文化开展实地调研。 4. 独立主格：Lots of problems to settle 形式：名词＋不定式（表将来有待发生） 翻译：还有诸多问题亟待解决，研究小组周末要加班工作。 5. 独立主格：The lights on 形式：名词＋副词 翻译：灯亮着，学生们继续讨论环保项目最佳的实施方案。 6. 独立主格：His lecture having ended 形式：名词＋现在分词完成式（动作先于主句发生） 翻译：讲座结束后，大批学生围住专家进行提问。 7. 独立主格：No more money available 形式：名词＋形容词 翻译：没有更多可用资金，我们只能放弃在教室增设图书角。 8. 独立主格：All the data collected 形式：名词＋过去分词 翻译：全部数据收集完毕，记者开始撰写关于青少年学业压力的文章。 9. 独立主格：A new policy to be put into effect next month 形式：名词＋不定式被动式（将来被动） 翻译：一项新政策将于下月施行，市民对公共服务设施满怀期待。 10. 独立主格：The exam approaching 形式：名词＋现在分词 翻译：考试日益临近，每位高三学生都制定了可行的每日复习计划。 11. 独立主格：The door open 形式：名词＋形容词 翻译：门敞开着，清风裹挟着校园花园里青草的气息吹了进来。 12. 独立主格：His plan having been turned down 形式：名词＋现在分词完成被动式 翻译：他的方案遭到否决之后，他立刻着手设计一套更可行的替代方案。 13. 独立主格：The whole town in a festive atmosphere 形式：名词＋介词短语 翻译：全镇洋溢着节日的氛围，大批游客前来观赏民俗表演。 14. 独立主格：Time permitting 形式：名词＋现在分词（固定惯用独立主格） 翻译：时间允许的话，我们将会采访几位长者了解古建筑的历史。 15. 独立主格：The homework done 形式：名词＋过去分词 翻译：作业完成之后，学生们外出运动来缓解学业压力。 题型二：语法填空·独立主格专项特训 要求：用括号内动词的恰当形式构成独立主格结构，判断逻辑主被动、时间先后关系 1. The speech‑contest ________(hold) tomorrow, many students are busy polishing their speeches these days. 2. All the preparations ________(complete), the teacher announced the start of the volunteer activity. 3. The temperature ________(rise) day by day, more people choose to do outdoor exercise in the early morning. 4. No reference books ________(leave), he had to borrow some from the school library. 5. Everything ________(consider), the chairman decided to put off the meeting until next Friday. 6. The sun ________(set), the tourists put up their tents and prepared for the night in the mountain area. 7. A lot of new information ________(process), the researcher drew a reasonable conclusion at last. 8. The window ________(break), we had to ask a repairman to deal with the problem right away. 9. The activity ________(cancel), the students felt a little disappointed but accepted the result calmly. 10. The plan ________(discuss) at the next meeting, all members collected related materials actively. 11. The rain ________(stop), the students continued their environmental‑protection survey in the countryside. 12. His article ________(publish) next week, he made several final revisions carefully. 13. The manager away, the office workers dealt with daily affairs on their own for the time being.（补全结构） 14. Most problems ________(solve), we began to think about the follow‑up work of the project. 15. The signal ________(strengthen), online‑class students can listen to the teacher more clearly. 题型二 参考答案&逐句解析 1. 答案：to be held 解析：独立主格，名词＋不定式被动，表将来。句意：演讲比赛将于明日举行，许多学生连日忙着打磨演讲稿。 2. 答案：completed 解析：名词＋过去分词，完成被动。句意：各项准备工作就绪，老师宣布志愿活动正式开始。 3. 答案：rising 解析：名词＋现在分词主动形式。句意：气温日渐升高，更多人选择清晨进行户外运动。 4. 答案：left 解析：名词＋过去分词。句意：参考书全部用光了，他只能去学校图书馆借书。 5. 答案：considered 解析：everything considered固定独立主格结构。句意：综合所有情况，主席决定把会议推迟到下周五。 6. 答案：having set 解析：现在分词完成式，动作先于主句发生。句意：太阳落山，游客搭起帐篷准备在山里过夜。 7. 答案：having been processed 解析：现在分词完成被动式独立主格。句意：大量新信息经过处理后，研究者最终得出合理的结论。 8. 答案：broken 解析：名词＋过去分词。句意：窗户碎了，我们立刻找来维修工处理问题。 9. 答案：having been cancelled 解析：现在分词完成被动式。句意：活动被取消，学生们略感失落但平静地接受了结果。 10. 答案：to be discussed 解析：不定式被动独立主格表将来。句意：该计划将在下次会议上讨论，全体成员积极搜集相关资料。 11. 答案：having stopped 解析：现在分词完成式。句意：雨停了，学生们继续在乡村开展环保调研。 12. 答案：to be published 解析：不定式被动表将来。句意：他的文章下周就要发表，他认真做了最后的几处修改。 13. 答案：being 解析：名词＋副词结构独立主格the manager being away。句意：经理不在，办公人员暂时自行处理日常事务。 14. 答案：solved 解析：名词＋过去分词。句意：大部分问题得到解决，我们开始思考项目的后续工作。 15. 答案：strengthened 解析：名词＋过去分词。句意：信号增强，上网课的学生能够更清晰地听到老师讲课。 题型三：高考中译英·独立主格结构专项 1. 天气允许的话，我们将参观这座有着千年历史的文化古镇。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 所有的错题整理完毕，他开始进行整套试卷的模拟训练。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 新的校规将要实施，学生们展开热烈的讨论。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. 讲座结束了，许多同学上前向主讲专家表达感谢。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. 没有足够的时间，我们不得不缩短户外研学活动的时长。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. 秋天来临，满山的树木披上了金黄的外衣。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. 他的提议被否决了，于是他构思了一套全新的实施方案。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. 一切因素都考虑在内，校长批准了校园垃圾分类的计划。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. 太阳升起来了，登山者继续向着山顶进发。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. 门开着，阵阵花香飘进了安静的教室。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 11. 大量数据被分析之后，科学家发布了青少年视力健康的报告。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. 比赛即将到来，运动员们加大了日常训练的强度。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 13. 暴风雨已经过去，村民们着手修复被毁坏的房屋。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 14. 校长外出开会，班主任暂时管理整个班级。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 15. 作业将要检查，每位学生认真核对自己书写的答案。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 题型三 参考答案&句式解析 1. Time permitting, we will visit the ancient cultural town with a‑thousand‑year‑long history. 解析：名词＋现在分词独立主格。 2. All the wrong questions sorted out, he began to do mock training of the whole test paper. 解析：名词＋过去分词独立主格。 3. A new school rule to be carried out, the students had a heated discussion. 解析：名词＋不定式被动式独立主格。 4. His lecture having finished, a great many students stepped forward to thank the speaker. 解析：名词＋现在分词完成式独立主格。 5. No enough time available, we had to shorten the time of the outdoor study‑tour activity. 解析：名词＋形容词独立主格。 6. Autumn approaching, the trees all over the mountain turned golden‑yellow. 解析：名词＋现在分词独立主格。 7. His suggestion having been rejected, he worked out a completely new carrying‑out plan. 解析：名词＋现在分词完成被动式独立主格。 8. Everything considered, the headmaster approved the plan of rubbish‑sorting on campus. 解析：固定everything considered独立主格结构。 9. The sun having risen, the climbers continued to march towards the mountain top. 解析：名词＋现在分词完成式独立主格。 10. The door open, waves of flower scent floated into the quiet classroom. 解析：名词＋形容词独立主格。 11. Plenty of data analysed, scientists published a report on teenagers’ eyesight health. 解析：名词＋过去分词独立主格。 12. The competition approaching, the athletes strengthened their daily training intensity. 解析：名词＋现在分词独立主格。 13. The storm having passed, the villagers started to repair the damaged houses. 解析：名词＋现在分词完成式独立主格。 14. The headmaster being away for a meeting, the head teacher managed the whole class temporarily. 解析：名词‑现在分词介词短语式独立主格。 15. The homework to be checked, every student checked their written answers carefully. 解析：名词‑不定式被动式独立主格。 题型四：高考英译中·独立主格长难句翻译训练 要求：划出独立主格结构，翻译句子 1. The plan to be discussed next week, all group members collected information related to environmental protection. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. The fire put out, the firefighters left the building and had a short break. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Night falling gradually, visitors enjoyed the beautiful night view of the ancient town by the river. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. No paper available, the student had to write his article on the electronic device. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. His essay having been graded, the teacher gave him some practical suggestions on improvement. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. All the factors taken into consideration, the local government adjusted the time‑limit of the volunteer activity. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. The wind blowing gently, the students walked along the lake and talked about their future career goals. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. The new lab to be built next year, the science students are extremely excited about the good news. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. The lights off, all the students left the classroom and went back to the dormitory. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. Most of the tasks finished ahead of schedule, the research team could have a proper rest. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 11. The expert having arrived at the campus, the students prepared questions to communicate with him. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. The river in good condition, more tourists choose to go boating on weekends. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 13. The cloud having lifted, the climbers continued their tough climbing task without fear. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 14. The manager absent, the staff held a small meeting to talk about the daily working problems. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 15. The speech having ended, many teenagers reflected on their own attitude towards lifelong learning. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 题型四 参考答案&语法解析 1. 翻译：这项计划将于下周进行讨论，全体组员搜集环保相关资料。 独立主格：The plan to be discussed next week（名词+不定式被动式） 2. 翻译：大火被扑灭之后，消防员离开了大楼进行短暂休息。 独立主格：The fire put out（名词+过去分词） 3. 翻译：夜幕渐渐降临，游客欣赏河畔古镇美丽的夜景。 独立主格：Night falling gradually（名词+现在分词） 4. 翻译：没有可用的纸张，这名学生只能在电子设备上写文章。 独立主格：No paper available（名词+形容词） 5. 翻译：作文批改完成后，老师给他提出了切实可行的改进建议。 独立主格：His essay having been graded（名词+现在分词完成被动式） 6. 翻译：综合全部考量因素，当地政府调整了志愿活动的时限。 独立主格：All the factors taken into consideration（名词+过去分词） 7. 翻译：微风轻拂，学生们沿着湖边散步，畅谈未来的职业理想。 独立主格：The wind blowing gently（名词+现在分词） 8. 翻译：新实验室将于明年修建，理科生听到这个消息无比兴奋。 独立主格：The new lab to be built next year（名词+不定式被动式） 9. 翻译：灯熄灭了，所有学生离开教室返回宿舍。 独立主格：The lights off（名词+副词） 10. 翻译：大部分任务提前完成，研究小组得以适当休息。 独立主格：Most of the tasks finished ahead of schedule（名词+过去分词） 11. 翻译：专家抵达校园之后，学生们准备好问题与其交流探讨。 独立主格：The expert having arrived at the campus（名词+现在分词完成式） 12. 翻译：河水水质良好，更多游客选择周末泛舟湖上。 独立主格：The river in good condition（名词+介词短语） 13. 翻译：雾气散去，登山者无所畏惧地继续艰难的攀登任务。 独立主格：The cloud having lifted（名词+现在分词完成式） 14. 翻译：经理不在岗位，员工召开小型会议探讨日常工作中存在的问题。 独立主格：The manager absent（名词+形容词） 15. 翻译：演讲结束之后，许多青少年反思自己对于终身学习的态度。 独立主格：The speech having ended（名词+现在分词完成式） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $