Unit 4 Inventions Section 4 Extending and developing competencies练习作业2026-2027学年沪教版八年级英语上册

**基本信息** 本练习围绕“发明”主题，通过基础词汇、句型到语篇应用的三级分层设计，构建从单一语言知识到综合语言运用的巩固路径，适配新授课语言能力与思维品质培养需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|核心词汇与语法|词汇运用（15题）、单项选择（5题）直接对应单元基础考点，强化词形转换与固定搭配| |进阶层|句型转换与语篇逻辑|翻译（6题）整合核心句型，首字母填空（10空）通过语境强化知识迁移与逻辑推理| |综合应用层|主题语言输出|书面表达（1题）要求结合“发明影响”等要点写作，提升语言组织与思维表达能力|

Unit 4 Inventions Section 4 Extending and developing competencies 练习作业 一、翻译 1. 印刷术是中国古代四大发明之一。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 这项发明彻底改变了人们的沟通方式。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 智能手机使我们的日常生活更加便捷。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. 许多发明家从日常观察中获得灵感。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. 互联网的发明对全球教育产生了巨大影响。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. 我们应该鼓励青少年进行小发明创造。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 二、词汇运用 1. Paper-making is one of the four great _______(发明) of ancient China. 2. The _______(普及) of electric cars is growing rapidly around the world. 3. This new machine can _______(简化) the process of making clothes. 4. Alexander Graham Bell is _______(著名的) for inventing the telephone. 5. The invention of the wheel was a major _______(进步) in human history. 6. We need to be _______(有创造力的) to solve this difficult problem. 7. The _______(最初的) model of the computer was very big and slow. 8. These new technologies have _______(改变) our way of life completely. 9. It takes _______(耐心) and hard work to become a successful inventor. 10. The idea of this new product _______(出现) to him during a walk in the park. 11. Many useful _______(发明物) are created to make people's lives easier. 12. She spent three years _______(研发) this new type of environmental-friendly material. 13. The rapid _______(发展) of AI technology has brought many new opportunities. 14. This small tool is very _______(有用的) for fixing broken bikes. 15. Compared with traditional books, e-books are much _______(方便的) to carry around. 三、单项选择 ( )1. The four great inventions of ancient China have _______ a deep influence on the whole world. A. made B. had C. done D. given ( )2. The invention of the Internet has made communication go _______ our imagination. A. beyond B. across C. above D. over ( )3. -What do you think of this new smart watch? -It's _______. It can track my sleep quality and exercise data every day. A. awful B. amazing C. common D. boring ( )4. Thomas Edison _______ more than 1,000 useful things during his lifetime. A. discovered B. found C. invented D. created ( )5. With the _______ of 5G technology, many smart devices can work faster and more smoothly. A. development B. agreement C. achievement D. movement 四、首字母填空 The telephone is one of the most important i 1 _______ in the history of human communication. It was invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. Before the telephone appeared, people could only keep in touch by sending l 2 _______ or talking face to face over short distances. The invention changed people's lives g 3 _______ . Bell got the inspiration for the telephone while he was working on a device to help d 4 _______ people hear. He spent months doing r 5 _______ and experiments. Finally, on March 10, 1876, he made the first successful telephone call to his assistant, Mr. Watson. He said, "Mr. Watson, come here. I want to see you." T 6 _______the words were simple, this call marked the start of a new era. Now, telephones have developed into smartphones. We can use them not only to make calls but also to take photos, s 7 _______ emails, watch videos and do online shopping. They have become an e 8 _______ part of our daily life. Many people can't imagine living w 9 _______them. We believe that telephones will keep c 10 _______ our lives in more amazing ways in the future. 1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5._________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10._________ 五、书面表达 假设你们学校英文报正在举办以“伟大的发明”为主题的征文活动，请根据以下问题，以 “My Favorite Invention” 为题，写一篇英语短文投稿。 1. What is your favorite invention? 2. How does it change people's life? 3. Why do you like it most? 要求：1.短文需包含所有问题要点，并适当发挥; 2.词数 100 左右。 My Favorite Invention ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 一、翻译 1. Printing is one of the four great inventions of ancient China. 2. This invention has completely changed the way people communicate. 3. Smartphones make our daily life more convenient. 4. Many inventors get inspiration from daily observations. 5. The invention of the Internet has had a huge influence on global education. 6. We should encourage teenagers to make small inventions. 二、词汇运用 1. inventions 2. popularity 3. simplify 4. famous 5. progress 6. creative 7. original 8. changed 9. patience 10. occurred 11. inventions 12. developing 13. development 14. useful 15. more convenient 三、单项选择 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A 四、首字母填空 1. inventions 2. letters 3. greatly 4. deaf 5. research 6. Though 7. send 8. essential 9. without 10. changing 五、书面表达 My Favorite Invention My favorite invention is the smartphone. It's a small but powerful device that has changed people's lives in countless ways. With a smartphone, we can make calls, send messages, and video chat with loved ones no matter how far apart we are. We can also use it to browse information, read e-books, listen to music, and even do online shopping easily. I like it most because it keeps me connected to the world and makes my daily life much more convenient. Every time I use my smartphone, I'm amazed by how it simplifies so many tasks. I truly think it's one of the greatest inventions in modern history. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $