精品解析：黑龙江桦南县第一中学2024-2025学年度第二学期期末考试高一英语试卷

听力考试正式开始。 Boys and girls, may I have your attention, please? Mister chaplin can be here because he has gone to amErica for a teachers training course. Before he left, mister chaplin asked me to tell you something about today's english exam. The exam starts at nine o'clock this morning. IT lasts for two hours. It's an important exam. Before you answer the questions, relax yourselves. You have to read the questions carefully before answering them. Don't forget to write the answers clearly. If there is a difficult question, don't worry, go on to the next one and come back to IT. If you have time, try not to leave questions unanswered when you finish the test. Sometimes, I guess, may be helpful. mr. Tabin, and I wish you good results. Boys and girls, may I have your attention, please? mr. Chaplin can't be here because he has gone to amErica for a teachers training course. Before he left, mister chaplin asked me to tell you something about today's english exam. The exam starts at nine o'clock this morning. IT lasts for two hours, is an important exam. Before you answer the questions, relax yourselves. You have to read the questions carefully before answering them. Don't forget to write the answers clearly. If there is a difficult question, don't worry, go on to the next one and come back to IT. If you have time, try not to leave questions unanswered when you finish the test. Sometimes, I guess, may be helpful, mr. Chaplin, and I wish you good results. mr. Fisa. yes, mrs. White. come in. Then you'll be up at the university. Uh. yes, i'm going to be teaching a course. Okay, let me show you around. right? Here's the living room next to the kitchen. As you can see, there's the T, V, oh, please keep the volume down and turn IT off if no one's watching and if you could try to keep this room need is for everyone. So yes, of course, and I see there's a phone there is IT. Okay, call home. yes, but you'll have to call, collect and keep calls short a couple of minutes or so or use the payphone at the end of the road unless there's an emergency or something. then okay, right? I see. And is IT okay? Use her phone anytime. There's a time difference. So if I have to call late at night or something. that's fine, but late at night you should . talk quietly. Yes, of course. mr. Fisa. yes. Um mr. Wise. come in. Then you'll be up at the university. Uh, yes, i'm going to be teaching a course. Okay, let me show you around. right? Here's the living room next to the kitchen. As you can see, there's the T, V. Oh, please keep the volume down and turn IT off if no one's watching. And if you could try to keep this room neat is for everyone. So yes, of course, and I see there's a phone there is IT. Okay, call home? Yes, but you'll have to call, collect and keep calls short a couple of minutes or so or use the payphone at the end of the road unless there's an emergency or something. then okay, right? I see. And is IT OK to use her phone anytime. Ah there's a time difference. So if I have to call late at night or something. that's fine, but late at night, you should . talk quietly. Yes, of course. Hello, nora, I heard about a flat that may interest you girls. It's near the central bus station on the main road and about seventy pounds a week, quite reasonable. It's only got two bedrooms, but I expect two of you could share. Well, as long as IT isn't me, i've got to have my own room because i'll be working at home most of the time. Any other information? Yes, it's got a very big and well equip kitchen, and I know you like cooking, so that's another point in its favor. But there is a small sitting room and not much furniture yet, so let me know quickly if you want IT or it'll be taken. Hello, nora. I heard about a flat that may interest you girls. It's near the central bus station on the main road and about seventy pounds a week, quite reasonable. It's only got two bedrooms, but I expect two of you could share. Well, as long as IT isn't me, i've got to have my own room because i'll be working at home most of the time. Any other . information? Yes, it's got a very big and well equip kitchen, and I know you like cooking, so that's another point in its favor. But there is a small sitting room and not much furniture yet. So let me know quickly if you want IT or it'll be taken. Hello, mom, how are your preparations for the coming exams? good. Miss Davis, i've worked hard for recently. I think i'm ready for the coming exams. excEllent. So are you working at weekends now to get some pocket money? Yes, i'm very grateful to mister lam. He really helped me with my problem. Mister lam said that your problem was that you had no . pocket money. That's right. I couldn't go out with my friends because I didn't even have the money for the bus fare, but i'm okay now with a part time job. So do you think the students welfare club really helped you? Oh, yes, I have no complaints about the club. I think you are fantastic. Thank you. Any suggestions as to how we can be even more fantastic? Why don't you have . a letter box outside the clubs room that way we can keep in touch with you even if we don't get to see you. That's a great idea. Thank you for your time, Martin. Hello, mom. How are your preparations for the coming exams? Good, miss Davis. I've worked hard for recently. I think i'm ready for the coming exams. excEllent. So are you working at weekends now to get some pocket money? Yes, i'm very grateful to mister lam. He really helped me with my problem. Mister lam said that your problem was that you had no . pocket money. That's right. I couldn't go out with my friends because I didn't even have the money for the bus fare, but i'm okay now with a part time job. So do you think the students welfare club really helped you? Oh, yes, I have no complaints about the club. I think you are fantastic. Thank you. Any suggestions as to how we can be even more fantastic? Why don't you have a letter box outside the clubs room? That way we can keep in touch with you even if we don't get to see you. That's a great idea. Thank you for your time, Martin. Tom seems like a good student. He is . certainly not so intelligent as George, but his grades are Better than his. Yeah, he works much harder. Look at this place. If I didn't know I was the city I grew up in. I would think I was somewhere else. Yeah, so many houses are empty or broken down. IT wasn't like this when we were kids. We used to play balls in the streets all the time, but IT looks so dangerous now and ugly. Look at all that rubbish in the streets. The wind just pushes IT along with a lonely place. This used to be a great city. People came from miles around to work in the shops and eaten in the restaurants. What a sad site. Yeah, let's pick up the rubbish. I'm getting sad. Look at this place. If I didn't know IT was the city I grew up in. I would think I was somewhere else. Yeah, so many houses are empty or broken down. IT wasn't like this when we were kids. We used to play balls in the streets all the time, but IT looks so dangerous . now and ugly. Look at all that rubbish in the streets. The wind just pushes IT along. What a lonely place. This used to be a great city. People came from miles around to work in the shops and eaten the restaurants. What a sad site. Yeah, let's pick up the rubbish. I'm getting sad. 听力部分到此结束。 2024-2025学年度第二学期期末考试 高一英语试卷 本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分 满分150分，考试时间120分钟 第I卷（选择题共95分） 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍 1. What is the woman ? A. A teacher. B. A secretary. C. A student. 2. What does the woman say about Tom? A. He works hard. B. He is clever. C. He is popular. 3. What are the speakers talking about? A. Where to meet Mr.Jackson. B. When to meet Mr.Jackson. C. Whether to call Mr.Jackson. 4. How will the man go to the airport tomorrow? A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By car. 5. Where will the woman go tonight? A. A theater. B. A restaurant. C. A bar. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 6. What does Nora prefer? A. A job with higher salary. B. A flat near the city center. C. A room of her own. 7. What is the kitchen like? A. Well-equipped. B. Old. C. Small. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. Where did the man grow up? A. In the countryside. B. In a small town. C. In a city. 9. What do the speakers see in the streets now? A. A lot of rubbish. B. Kids playing balls. C. Nice shops. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10. How did Mr. Lam help Martin? A. By offering him a part－time job. B. By giving him some pocket money. C. By helping him with his study. 11. What is Martin’s opinion on the club? A. It is expensive. B. It is satisfying. C. It is useless. 12. What advice does Martin offer? A. Putting a letter box outside the club's room. B. Making a note of students’ problems. C. Keeping in touch with students. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 13. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At a company. B. In a factory. C. At the woman’s house. 14. Why is the man coming to the university? A. He’ll teach there. B. He’ll study there. C. He’ll visit a friend there. 15. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Make phone calls at night. B. Keep the living room clean. C. Turn off the TV. 16. What should the man do if he wants to have a long talk on the phone? A. Make the phone at midnight. B. Go to the end of the road. C. Ask the woman for permission. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. Why is Mr. Chaplin absent? A. He’s gone to attend a meeting. B. He’s gone to have an examination. C. He’s gone to take a training course. 18. What exam do the students have today? A. An English exam. B. A Chinese exam. C. A math exam. 19. When does the exam end? A. At 14 o’clock. B. At 9 o’clock. C. At 11 o’clock. 20. What does the speaker ask the students to do before answering the questions? A. Read the questions carefully. B. Take a deep breath. C. Write their names clearly. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑 A Here is something you need to know before your trip to Grenada. When to Go With an average annual temperature of around 25°C, the year in Grenada is divided into two seasons. The dry season is from January to May, and the rainy season is from June to December. The weather is hotter from June to November and cooler from December to March. Hurricanes happen during the rainy season. What You Need ●A valid passport book and evidence of return travel arrangements are required to enter Grenada. ●A valid passport means it doesn’t expire within 6 months after your return date. What You Can Do in Grenada There are so many fun and amazing things to do in Grenada. If you love beaches, you can find your joy in the Grand Anse Beach and the Levera Beach. And for nature lovers, Mount Qua Qua, Royal Mount Carmel Waterfalls and La Sagesse Nature Center are places you are sure to visit. You can’t miss Fort George and Fort Frederick built long ago, which have been standing for centuries. What’s more, if you like eating chocolate a lot, you can also come here in May to be part of the Grenada Chocolate Festival. Safety Grenada is very safe but it’s always careful no matter where you’re traveling. Bear these tips in your mind while in Grenada. ●Stay in well-lit and populated areas after dark. ●Don’t leave money, credit cards, cameras and other valuables unattended, especially on the beaches. ●Most hotels provide a safe in the room. Lock important things, like your passport in it. 1. In which month can you go to Grenada if you want to avoid hurricanes? A. In November. B. In March. C. In December. D. In June. 2. Which place is best for history lovers to visit? A. Fort Frederick. B. Grand Anse Beach. C. La Sagesse Nature Center. D. Royal Mount Carmel Waterfalls. 3. What are you advised to do when travelling in Grenada? A. Leave your passport on the tour bus. B. Avoid using credit cards in the hotels. C. Keep your valuable items in a hotel safe. D. Stay in less populated outdoor areas at night. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了游客在前往格林纳达旅行前需要了解的一些重要信息，其中包括出行时间、所需文件、景点介绍以及安全提示。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据When to Go下面的“With an average annual temperature of around 25°C, the year in Grenada is divided into two seasons. The dry season is from January to May, and the rainy season is from June to December. The weather is hotter from June to November and cooler from December to March. Hurricanes happen during the rainy season.(格林纳达的年平均气温约为25°C，一年分为两个季节。旱季为1月至5月，雨季为6月至12月。六月到十一月天气更热，十二月到三月天气更凉爽。飓风发生在雨季)”可知，如果你想避开飓风，你可以在三月份去格林纳达。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据What You Can Do in Grenada下面的“You can’t miss Fort George and Fort Frederick built long ago, which have been standing for centuries. (你不会错过很久以前建造的Fort George和Fort Frederick，它们已经矗立了几个世纪)”可知，Fort Frederick最适合历史爱好者参观。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Safety下面的“Most hotels provide a safe in the room. Lock important things, like your passport in it.(大多数酒店都在房间里提供保险箱。把重要的东西锁在里面，比如你的护照)”可知，在格林纳达旅行时，把贵重物品放在酒店的保险箱里。故选C。 B Born in Germany, Kathrine Switzer was an athletic and driven child. As a young girl, Switzer was active in various sports, but she faced huge troubles as there was a widely held attitude that women in sports were unattractive. In high school, she began to take running more seriously, often training in secret. She developed her determination (意志) and running skills through continuous practice, often running long distances to build her stamina (耐力). Switzer attended Syracuse University, where she trained with the men’s cross-country team. During this time, Switzer decided to run the Boston Marathon. As there was nothing in the official rulebook preventing women from entering, she signed up for the 1967 race. She used the name “K. V. Switzer”. As a result, race officials did not realise she was a woman. But when the race officials discovered she was a woman, they tried to stop her. Fortunately, her boyfriend Tom Miller and a group of men runners formed a sort of protective curtain around her. Finally, she completed the race in four hours and twenty minutes. After that, she decided to help other women athletes. The Boston Marathon finally began accepting women runners in 1972, and three years later, Switzer placed second at the race with a time of 2:51:37, her personal best. In 1977, she created the Avon International Running Circuit, a worldwide series of women’s races that lay the groundwork for the women’s marathon to become an Olympic event in 1984. Switzer went on to found the women’s running club, 261 Fearless, and entered the National Women’s Hall of Fame in 2011. Still an active runner, Switzer even completed the Boston Marathon in 2017-fifty years after her historic run. “When I go to the Boston Marathon now, I have wet shoulders — women fall into my arms crying,” she said. “They’re crying for joy because running has changed their lives. They feel nothing is impossible.” 4. How did Switzer train as a young girl? A. By following a professional plan. B. By joining a cross-country team. C. By keeping running secretly. D. By seeking help from her coach. 5. What can we learn about Switzer in the 1967 marathon? A. She reached her personal best. B. She broke a record set by men. C. She lent a hand to another runner. D. She was the first woman to complete it. 6. What is the result of Switzer’s 1977 running series? A. 261 Fearless was founded. B. She won many national honours. C. Women’s marathon entered the Olympics. D. Boston Marathon accepted women runners. 7. What is the best title of the text? A. Kathrine Switzer: A Pioneer in Women's Sports B. The 1967 Boston Marathon: A Race Against Time C. Seeking Possibilities: A Woman of Olympic Spirits D. Breaking Limits: The Story of a Marathon Champion 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Kathrine Switzer如何突破性别限制参与马拉松并推动女性运动发展的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第一段中“In high school, she began to take running-more seriously, often training in secret. (在高中时，她开始更加认真地对待跑步，经常秘密训练。)”可知，Switzer在小时候是通过秘密跑步来训练的。故选C。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“As there was nothing in the official rulebook preventing women from entering, she signed up for the 1967 race. She used the name “K. V. Switzer”. As a result, race officials did not realise she was a woman. (由于官方规则书中没有禁止女性参赛的规定，她报名参加了1967年的比赛。她使用了“K. V. Switzer”这个名字，因此比赛官员没有意识到她是女性。)”以及第三段“But when the race officials discovered she was a woman, they tried to stop her. Fortunately, her boyfriend Tom Miller and a group of men runners formed a sort of protective curtain around her. Finally, she completed the race in four hours and twenty minutes. (但当比赛官员发现她是女性时，他们试图阻止她参赛。幸运的是，她的男友Tom Miller和一群男跑者围在她周围，形成了一种保护屏障。最终，她以4小时20分钟的成绩完成了比赛。)”可知，当时官方规则没有禁止女性参赛，但比赛官员发现她是女性后试图阻止她，最后她完成了比赛，由此可推断她是第一个完成1967年波士顿马拉松的女性。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“In 1977, she created the Avon International Running Circuit, a worldwide series of women’s races that lay the groundwork for the women’s marathon to become an Olympic event in 1984. (1977年，她创立了Avon International Running Circuit，这是一系列全球性的女子赛跑活动，为女子马拉松成为1984年奥运会项目奠定了基础。)”可知，Switzer在 1977 年创立的跑步系列赛事为1984年女子马拉松成为奥运会项目奠定了基础，也就是使得女子马拉松进入了奥运会。故选C。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段中“As there was nothing in the official rulebook preventing women from entering, she signed up for the 1967 race. She used the name “K. V. Switzer”. As a result, race officials did not realise she was a woman. (由于官方规则书中没有禁止女性参赛的规定，她报名参加了1967年的比赛。她使用了“K. V. Switzer”这个名字，因此比赛官员没有意识到她是女性。)”以及第三段“But when the race officials discovered she was a woman, they tried to stop her. Fortunately, her boyfriend Tom Miller and a group of men runners formed a sort of protective curtain around her. Finally, she completed the race in four hours and twenty minutes. (但当比赛官员发现她是女性时，他们试图阻止她参赛。幸运的是，她的男友Tom Miller和一群男跑者围在她周围，形成了一种保护屏障。最终，她以4小时20分钟的成绩完成了比赛。)”、第四段中“In 1977, she created the Avon International Running Circuit, a worldwide series of women’s races that lay the groundwork for the women’s marathon to become an Olympic event in 1984. (1977年，她创立了Avon International Running Circuit，这是一系列全球性的女子赛跑活动，为女子马拉松成为1984年奥运会项目奠定了基础。)”可知，文章主要讲述了Kathrine Switzer作为女性在体育领域的先驱，如何克服重重困难，推动女性参与马拉松等体育活动，并为女性马拉松成为奥运会项目奠定基础的故事。因此，最符合文章主旨的标题是“Kathrine Switzer: A Pioneer in Women’s Sports (Kathrine Switzer：女子体育的先驱)”。故选A。 C More than 500 of the world's smallest penguins have mysteriously washed up dead on beaches across New Zealand over the past couple of months. Experts aren't exactly sure what has been killing off such a large number of the cute seabirds, but they suspect that climate change may have played a role. It was not immediately clear what killed the penguins, but experts have noted that most of the dead seabirds were significantly underweight. Little penguins should weigh between 1.8 and 2.2 pounds, but some of the bodies weighed less than half that much. “There was just no body fat on them; there was hardly any muscle to show,” Graeme Taylor, a seabird scientist, told The Guardian. “When they get to that stage of emaciation (消瘦), they can’t dive, which eventually causes them to starve or die of hypothermia (体温过低) because they lack a protective layer of blubber (鲸脂).” he added. The malnourishment of the dead penguins shows that they have not been eating enough fish, their favorite food, which could be a sign of overfishing by humans. But Taylor suspects that rising ocean surface temperatures caused by global warming have forced the fish into deeper and cooler waters, where the birds can no longer reach them. "These little penguins can dive down to 20 or 30 meters, but they are not good at diving a lot deeper than that.” Taylor said. This idea could explain why little penguins from New Zealand's South Island haven't been affected, because the waters there have remained much cooler near the surface than waters farther north. “This is not the first time little penguins have died in large numbers in New Zealand. Die-offs of hundreds of little penguins have occurred about once every decade. However, this is the third time that a die-off has happened in the past 10 years, which is not a good sign.” Taylor said. “As you start seeing it happen regularly like this, then there's really not much chance for the birds to recover between the events and rebuild the numbers again.” Taylor added. 8. What do most dead little penguins on New Zealand's beaches have in common? A. They are great divers. B. They are large in size. C. They are light in weight. D. They are from the same species. 9. What does Taylor think is the possible reason for the mass death of little penguins? A. The death of lots of fish. B. The overfishing by humans. C. The inability to access enough fish. D. The low temperature of the sea surface. 10. What's Graeme Taylor's attitude towards New Zealand's little penguins' future? A. Curious. B. Uncertain. C. Optimistic. D. Concerned. 11. What can be the best title for the text? A. How global warming affects animals? B. What killed New Zealand's little penguins? C. How to save penguins living in New Zealand? D. What are the consequences of little penguins' death? 【答案】8. C 9. C 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。从新西兰小企鹅死亡这个问题出发，探讨了导致其死亡的几种原因。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段专家说的话最后一句“When they get to that stage of emaciation (消瘦), they can’t dive, which eventually causes them to starve or die of hypothermia (体温过低) because they lack a protective layer of blubber (鲸脂). (当它们到了消瘦的阶段，它们就不能潜水了，这最终导致它们饿死或死于体温过低，因为它们缺乏脂肪的保护层。) ”可知，这些死亡企鹅都体型消瘦，即体重很轻。故选C项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段专家说的话最后一句“When they get to that stage of emaciation (消瘦), they can’t dive, which eventually causes them to starve or die of hypothermia (体温过低) because they lack a protective layer of blubber (鲸脂). (当它们到了消瘦的阶段，它们就不能潜水了，这最终导致它们饿死或死于体温过低，因为它们缺乏脂肪的保护层。) ”可知，这些死亡企鹅体型消瘦时就不能潜水了，这会导致他们饿死。而第四段一二句“The malnourishment of the dead penguins shows that they have not been eating enough fish, their favorite food, which could be a sign of overfishing by humans. But Taylor suspects that rising ocean surface temperatures caused by global warming have forced the fish into deeper and cooler waters, where the birds can no longer reach them. (死亡企鹅的营养不良表明它们没有吃足够的鱼，这是它们最喜欢的食物，这可能是人类过度捕捞的迹象。但泰勒怀疑，全球变暖导致的海洋表面温度升高迫使这些鱼进入更深、更冷的水域，在那里企鹅再也无法到达它们。)”也指出企鹅的食物就是鱼，但它无法获得，故可推测出他们无法获得足够的鱼作为食物。故选C项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段专家说的话最后一句“As you start seeing it happen regularly like this, then there's really not much chance for the birds to recover between the events and rebuild the numbers again. (当你开始看到这种情况有规律地发生时，那么鸟类在这些事件之间恢复并再次有这么多的数量的机会真的不多了。) ”可知，泰勒认为新西兰小企鹅将来能恢复原有的数量机会渺茫，可知她很担忧小企鹅的将来。故选D项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“Experts aren't exactly sure what has been killing off such a large number of the cute seabirds, but they suspect that climate change may have played a role. (专家们并不完全确定是什么导致了如此多可爱的海鸟死亡，但他们怀疑气候变化可能起了作用。) ”可知，本文有这句话引出下文，故本文围绕企鹅这种海鸟死亡的原因展开，故选项B“What killed New Zealand's little penguins? (什么东西杀死了新西兰小企鹅？)”。故选B项。 D With the Earth at its hottest point in recorded history, and humans doing far from enough to stop its overheating, some astronomers and physicists are proposing an idea — create a huge sunshade (遮阳篷) and send it to a faraway point between the Earth and the sun to block a small but crucial amount of solar radiation, enough to counter global warming. Now, scientists led by Yoram Rozen. a physics professor and the Asher Space Research Institute director at Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, say they are ready to build a prototype (原型) shade to show that the idea will work. “To block the necessary amount of solar radiation, the shade would have to be about a million square miles, roughly the size of Argentina. A shade that big would weigh at least 2.5 million tons — too heavy to launch into space,” Dr. Rozen said. “So, the project must involve a series of smaller shades. They would not completely block the sun’s light but cast slightly diffused shade onto the Earth.” Dr. Rozen added that his team was ready to design a prototype shade of 100 square feet and is seeking between $10 million and $20 million to fund the demonstration. The sunshade idea has its critics (批评者). They think that a sunshade would be astronomically expensive. In addition, a solar storm or collision with stray space rocks could damage the shield, resulting in sudden, rapid warming with disastrous consequences. However, sunshade supporters say that reducing greenhouse gas emissions at this stage will not go far enough to relieve climate chaos, that carbon dioxide removal has proved extremely difficult to realize, and that every potential solution ought to be explored. Dr. Rozen said the team was still in the pre-design phase but could launch a prototype within three years after securing funds. He estimated that a full-size version would cost trillions but reduce the Earth’s temperature by 1.5 Celsius within two years. 12. What is the sunshade idea mainly about? A. Detecting the amount of solar radiation. B. Building numerous sunshades in Argentina. C. Creating a spacecraft as a block to sunshine. D. Launching the sunshade into outer space and blocking sun radiation. 13. On what basis do critics oppose the sunshade idea? A. High costs and potential risks. B. Technical barriers and heavy weights. C. Variable environment and limited time. D. Inadequate funds and incomplete research. 14. What did Dr. Rozen and his team need most? A. Technical help. B. Launch a prototype. C. Financial support. D. Official permission. 15. What’s the text mainly about? A. Building sunshade to fight warming. B. Earth’s heating problem solutions. C. Scientists’ new project on space. D. Earth’s heat crisis. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了面对全球变暖，科学家计划造太阳遮阳篷原型，虽有成本和风险争议，但支持者认为应探索该方案。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“With the Earth at its hottest point in recorded history, and humans doing far from enough to stop its overheating, some astronomers and physicists are proposing an idea — create a huge sunshade (遮阳篷) and send it to a faraway point between the Earth and the sun to block a small but crucial amount of solar radiation, enough to counter global warming.(由于地球正处于有记录以来的最热状态，而人类在阻止地球过热方面做得远远不够，一些天文学家和物理学家提出了一个想法——建造一个巨大的遮阳罩，并将其送往地球与太阳之间的遥远位置，以阻挡少量但至关重要的太阳辐射，从而足以抵消全球变暖的影响)”可知，遮阳装置的原理主要是将遮阳装置发射到太空，以阻挡太阳辐射。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“The sunshade idea has its critics (批评者). They think that a sunshade would be astronomically expensive. In addition, a solar storm or collision with stray space rocks could damage the shield, resulting in sudden, rapid warming with disastrous consequences.(这种遮阳装置的想法也有其批评者。他们认为这种遮阳装置的造价将极其高昂。此外，太阳风暴或者与太空中的游离岩石发生碰撞都可能损坏这个防护装置，从而导致突然且迅速的温度升高，带来灾难性的后果)”可知，批评者反对遮阳篷的提议是因为成本过高且存在潜在风险。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Dr. Rozen added that his team was ready to design a prototype shade of 100 square feet and is seeking between $10 million and $20 million to fund the demonstration.(罗森博士补充说，他的团队已准备好设计一款100平方英尺大小的原型产品，并正在寻求1000万至2000万美元的资金来支持该产品的演示)”可知，罗森博士及其团队最需要的是资金支持。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“With the Earth at its hottest point in recorded history, and humans doing far from enough to stop its overheating, some astronomers and physicists are proposing an idea — create a huge sunshade (遮阳篷) and send it to a faraway point between the Earth and the sun to block a small but crucial amount of solar radiation, enough to counter global warming.(由于地球正处于有记录以来的最热状态，而人类在阻止地球过热方面做得远远不够，一些天文学家和物理学家提出了一个想法——建造一个巨大的遮阳罩，并将其送往地球与太阳之间的遥远位置，以阻挡少量但至关重要的太阳辐射，从而足以抵消全球变暖的影响)”以及文章主要说明了面对全球变暖，科学家计划造太阳遮阳篷原型，虽有成本和风险争议，但支持者认为应探索该方案。可知，这篇文章主要讲了建造遮阳设施以对抗全球变暖。故选A。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项 The Feynman Technique (费曼学习法) is a powerful method that you can use to learn anything faster because it forces you to actively think about the problem instead of passively reading or listening to someone else talk about it. You can take the following five simple steps to study better. Find out the topic you want to learn. ____16____. Otherwise, you’ll end up jumping between topics without developing a deeper understanding of any of them. Explain the topic as if teaching a sixth-grader. This step is the heart of the Feynman Technique —— ____17____. This requires you to meet the child at their level of understanding by using the simplest way. Discover areas of improvement in your explanation. You’ll need to critically (批判性地) review the explanation you came up with in Step Two. ____18____. Try to find any knowledge gaps, together with any areas where you felt that you couldn’t explain the topic simply. ____19____. Think about all the knowledge gaps and other areas of improvement you found before. Consider how you can fill in those gaps and make your explanation better. Repeat the steps until you’ve achieved mastery of the topic. Keep going through each step until you’re fully satisfied with your explanation. ____20____, and that is why going through all the prior steps just once is usually not enough to achieve topic mastery. A. Improve your explanation. B. To do so, take a critical look at your explanation C. Make sure that your explanation is interest-based D. Your explanations need to be short and to the point E. The Feynman Technique works best with a repeat F. It’s important that you clearly know the topics you’re trying to learn G. Explaining the topic simply enough to be understood by a sixth-grade student 【答案】16. F 17. G 18. B 19. A 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了费曼学习法的五个步骤及其作用。 【16题详解】 上文“Find out the topic you want to learn. (找出你想学习的主题。)”说明学习前要找出学习的主题。空处进一步明确学习主题的重要性，F项中的“you clearly know the topics”和前文中的“Find out the topic”相呼应，说明F项“清楚地知道你想学习的主题很重要”符合语境。故选F。 【17题详解】 上文“Explain the topic as if teaching a sixth-grader. This step is the heart of the Feynman Technique (像教六年级学生一样解释这个话题。这一步是费曼技巧的核心)”以及下文“This requires you to meet the child at their level of understanding by using the simplest way. (这就要求你用最简单的方式来满足孩子的理解水平。)”说明费曼技巧的核心就是以最简单的方式解释问题。空处承上启下，G项中的“be understood by a sixth-grade student”和上文“teaching a sixth-grader”相呼应，“Explaining the topic simply enough”和下文中的“by using the simplest way”相呼应，说明G“简单地解释这个话题，让六年级的学生能够理解”符合语境。 故选G。 【18题详解】 上文“Discover areas of improvement in your explanation. You’ll need to critically (批判性地) review the explanation you came up with in Step Two. (发现你的解释中需要改进的地方。你需要批判性地回顾你在第二步中提出的解释。)”说明需要批判性的回顾你的解释，并找出需要改进的地方，空处需要具体说明如何进行批判性的回顾。B项中的“take a critical look at your explanation”和上文中的“need to critically (批判性地) review the explanation”，相呼应，说明B项“为了做到这一点，你需要对你自己的解释进行批判性审查。”符合语境。故选B。 【19题详解】 下文“Think about all the knowledge gaps and other areas of improvement you found before. Consider how you can fill in those gaps and make your explanation better. (想想你之前发现的所有知识差距和其他需要改进的领域。考虑如何填补这些空白，使你的解释更好。)”说明本段主要介绍了发现解释中的不足之处并想方法进行改进。A项“改进你的解释。”适合作本段的主旨句，统领全段。故选A。 【20题详解】 上文“Repeat the steps until you’ve achieved mastery of the topic. (重复这些步骤，直到你掌握了这个主题。)”以及下文“and that is why going through all the prior steps just once is usually not enough to achieve topic mastery. (这就是为什么只完成一次前面的所有步骤通常不足以掌握主题。)”说明重复这些步骤直到你完全满意你的解释。空处承接上文，和下文形成并列关系，强调了重复的重要性。E项中的“with a repeat”和上文中的 Repeat相呼应，说明费曼技术在需要重复，这就是为什么只完成一次前面的所有步骤通常不足以掌握主题的原因。E项“费曼技术在重复时效果最好”符合语境。故选E。 第三部分 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Wang Chuqin, a champion in table tennis at the Paris Olympics, gained widespread media attention recently. His fan club on Weibo made a big ____21____ — it shut down its fan group. This was a brave move against “fandom culture”. The action got a lot of attention and became a hot topic on social media. Not only Wang Chuqin, but other athletes like Wang Chang and Liang Weikeng from the Chinese national badminton team also ____22____ their Weibo fan groups. This shows that many athletes are ____23____ this problem of fandom culture. The General Administration of Sport of China noticed too. They held a meeting to deal with the bad ____24____ related to “fandom culture”. Gao Zhidan, the head, said they need to ____25____ it better, raise public awareness, and prevent risks. This is to protect athletes and keep Chinese sports ____26____ developed. “Fandom culture” has a bad ____27____ on athletes. Wang and Fan Zhendong, famous table tennis players, have ____28____ trouble. They were surrounded by ____29____ fans at airports, and some fans even ignored their requests for privacy. Both athletes asked fans to respect their personal ____30____. In response, Wang Chuqin made a statement on Weibo. He ____31____ the practice of “photographers keeping pace with his every step” and ____32____ fans to respect athletes’ privacy. “I don’t want people to wait outside airports to follow and photograph us,” he said. “This disturbs public ____33____ and severely affects our daily lives.” He continued, “On the court, I am an athlete; off the court, I am just an ordinary person. I hope everyone can respect each other’s privacy, maintain ____34____, and allow me some personal space. Thank you.” Fan has previously experienced similar disturbances, including disorderly scenes at airports and incidents ____35____ stalker fans followed him and even entered his hotel room. 21. A. threat B. forecast C. attempt D. decision 22. A. broke in B. broke out C. broke up D. broke down 23. A. for B. against C. with D. towards 24. A. news B. story C. behavior D. campaign 25. A. manage B. create C. obey D. study 26. A. completely B. weakly C. healthily D. competitively 27. A. impact B. example C. model D. image 28. A. solved B. caused C. avoided D. experienced 29. A. crazy B. capable C. accurate D. chief 30. A. time B. space C. energy D. right 31. A. praised B. accepted C. ignored D. criticized 32. A. forced B. ordered C. urged D. begged 33. A. order B. rule C. responsibility D. action 34. A. distance B. relationship C. connection D. friendship 35. A. that B. who C. where D. whose 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了运动员抵制不良饭圈文化现象，包括关闭粉丝群及体育总局的应对措施，强调保护运动员隐私的重要性。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的微博粉丝团做出了一个重大决定——关闭粉丝群。A. threat威胁；B. forecast预报；C. attempt尝试；D. decision决定。根据后文“it shut down its fan group”可知，关闭粉丝群是一个决定。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：不仅王楚钦，中国国家羽毛球队的王昶和梁伟铿等其他运动员也解散了他们的微博粉丝群。A. broke in闯入；B. broke out爆发；C. broke up解散；D. broke down出故障。根据后文“their Weibo fan groups”可知，此处指解散微博粉丝群。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：这表明许多运动员反对饭圈文化问题。A. for支持；B. against反对；C. with和；D. towards朝向。根据前文提到运动员解散粉丝群以及后文“this problem of fandom culture.”可推知，运动员们反对饭圈文化问题。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们召开了一次会议来处理与“饭圈文化”相关的不良行为。A. news新闻；B. story故事；C. behavior行为；D. campaign运动。根据后文“related to ‘fandom culture’”及“They were surrounded by ____ fans at airports, and some fans even ignored their requests for privacy.”可知，此处指与“饭圈文化”相关的不良行为。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：负责人高志丹表示，他们需要更好地管理，提高公众意识，并防范风险。A. manage管理；B. create创造；C. obey遵守；D. study学习。根据后文“it better, raise public awareness, and prevent risks”可知，此处指更好地管理饭圈文化问题。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是为了保护运动员，并保持中国体育的健康发展。A. completely完全地；B. weakly虚弱地；C. healthily健康地；D. competitively竞争地。根据前文提到要处理饭圈文化的不良行为及“protect athletes”可推知，管理饭圈文化是为了让体育健康发展。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“饭圈文化”对运动员有不良影响。A. impact影响；B. example例子；C. model模型；D. image形象。根据后文“on athletes”以及后文提到的运动员受到的困扰可知，此处指对运动员有不良影响。have a bad impact on“对……有不良影响”。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：王楚钦和著名乒乓球运动员樊振东都经历过麻烦。A. solved解决；B. caused造成；C. avoided避免；D. experienced经历。根据后文“They were surrounded by ____ fans at airports, and some fans even ignored their requests for privacy.”可知，此处指运动员经历过粉丝带来的麻烦。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们在机场被疯狂的粉丝包围，一些粉丝甚至无视他们对隐私的要求。A. crazy疯狂的；B. capable有能力的；C. accurate准确的；D. chief主要的。根据后文“and some fans even ignored their requests for privacy”可知，粉丝无视运动员的隐私要求，说明粉丝很疯狂。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：两位运动员都要求粉丝尊重他们的个人空间。A. time时间；B. space空间；C. energy能量；D. right权利。根据前文“and some fans even ignored their requests for privacy”以及后文“allow me some personal space”可知，此处指个人空间。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他批评了“摄影师紧跟他的每一步”的做法，并敦促粉丝尊重运动员的隐私。A. praised赞扬；B. accepted接受；C. ignored忽视；D. criticized批评。根据后文“the practice of ‘photographers keeping pace with his every step’”以及“This disturbs public ____ and severely affects our daily lives.”可知，王楚钦对跟拍行为持否定态度，“批评”符合语境。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. forced强迫；B. ordered命令；C. urged敦促；D. begged恳求。根据后文“fans to respect athletes’ privacy”可知，作为公众人物，王楚钦“敦促”粉丝尊重隐私，urged语气更恰当。urge sb. to do sth.“敦促某人做某事”。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这扰乱了公共秩序，严重影响了我们的日常生活。A. order秩序；B. rule规则；C. responsibility责任；D. action行动。根据前文“This disturbs public”以及常识可知，粉丝在机场围堵运动员等行为会扰乱公共秩序。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望每个人都能尊重彼此的隐私，保持距离，给我一些私人空间。A. distance距离；B. relationship关系；C. connection联系；D. friendship友谊。根据前文“I hope everyone can respect each other’s privacy”以及后文“and allow me some personal space”可知，希望尊重隐私，给出私人空间，此处应指保持距离。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：樊振东此前也经历过类似的干扰，包括机场的混乱场面，以及私生饭跟随他甚至进入他酒店房间的事件。A. that指代人或物；B. who指人；C. where指地点；D. whose表示“某人的”或“某物的”，表示所属关系。此处为定语从句修饰先行词incidents，先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故选C。 第Ⅱ卷非选择题(共55分) 第四部分语法填空(共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Chinese culture, colors speak louder than words. For over 3,000 years, people have been using colors ____36____ (express) philosophical ideas and social values. The system originates from the Five Elements theory, which connects colors with natural forces. Red, for instance, is seen ____37____ the color of luck since ancient times because it represents fire — the element that brings ____38____ (warm) and protection. During the Tang Dynasty, strict rules governed color use. Only emperors could wear bright yellow, ___39___ was believed to symbolize earth’s central position. Ordinary people were not allowed to use this color until 1912 when the last dynasty ____40____ (fall). Today, this tradition continues in understated ways. When you visit the Forbidden City, you’ll notice its golden roofs still shine under the sun, ____41____ (remind) visitors of China’s imperial past. Modern technology gives ____42____ (tradition) colors new life. Designers of the 2022 Winter Olympics uniforms ____43____ (careful) studied ancient paintings to create their “Azure Blue” theme. Smartphone ___44___ (company) also play with cultural meanings — The popular “Ink Jade” phone color was inspired by the black ink stones used by scholars. Interestingly, young people today are more actively learning about color traditions ____45____ often have them combined with Western styles. As an artist puts it, “Colors are like time travelers that connect different eras through beauty.” 【答案】36. to express 37. as 38. warmth 39. which 40. fell 41. reminding 42. traditional 43. carefully 44. companies 45. and 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国文化中色彩的象征意义、历史演变及现代应用。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：3000多年来，人们一直用色彩来表达哲学思想和社会价值观。此处为固定搭配use sth. to do sth.，意为“用某物做某事”，所以用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to express。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：例如，红色自古以来就被视为幸运色，因为它代表火——一种带来温暖和保护的元素。此处为固定搭配be seen as，意为“被视为”，所以用介词as。故填as。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：例如，红色自古以来就被视为幸运色，因为它代表火——一种带来温暖和保护的元素。此处作brings的宾语，且与protection并列，需用名词形式，warm的名词为warmth，意为“温暖”，是不可数名词。故填warmth。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：只有皇帝才能穿亮黄色，人们认为这种颜色象征着大地的中心地位。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为bright yellow，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which。故填which。 【40题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：普通人直到1912年最后一个王朝灭亡后才被允许使用这种颜色。此处为从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语in 1912可知，应用一般过去时，fall的过去式为fell。故填fell。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当你参观故宫时，你会注意到它的金色屋顶在阳光下依然闪耀，提醒着游客们中国的帝王历史。此处为非谓语动词作状语，remind与逻辑主语its golden roofs之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。故填reminding。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：现代科技赋予了传统色彩新的生命。此处修饰名词colors，需用形容词形式作定语，tradition的形容词为traditional意为“传统的”。故填traditional。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：2022年冬奥会制服的设计师们仔细研究了古画，创造出了“天蓝色”主题。此处修饰动词studied，需用副词形式作状语，careful的副词为carefully意为“仔细地”。故填carefully。 【44题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：智能手机公司也在玩转文化内涵——流行的“墨玉”手机颜色灵感来自文人使用的黑砚台。根据空后的谓语动词play可知，主语应用名词复数形式，company的复数为companies意为“公司”。故填companies。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：有趣的是，如今的年轻人更积极地学习色彩传统，并经常将它们与西方风格结合起来。此处连接两个并列的谓语动词are learning和have，所以用并列连词and。故填and。 第五部分写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 近期，学校出现了垃圾乱扔现象，为了加强学生们的环保意识，学校打算开展“为校园卫生出谋献策”的活动。假如你是李华，请你用英语给全校学生写一封倡议书。 内容要点如下： 1. 校园近况；2. 建议采取的措施（2-3点）；3. 呼吁大家行动起来。 注意： 1. 写作词数为80左右； 2. 请按照如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear fellow students, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely Li Hua 【答案】Dear fellow students, In recent days, our campus has witnessed a worrying situation. Garbage is casually discarded in various places, such as on the paths between buildings and under the desks in classrooms. This has not only damaged the beautiful scenery of our campus but also brought potential health risks. To address this problem, first, we should always remember to put our trash into the right bins. We can also encourage the school to place more recycling bins around the campus to facilitate waste separation. Moreover, we can establish a volunteer group to supervise and remind students of proper waste disposal. Our campus is our second home. Let’s take immediate action and work together to restore its cleanliness and beauty. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生就学校打算开展的“为校园卫生出谋献策”活动给全校学生写一封倡议书。 【详解】1. 词汇积累： 见证：witness→see 鼓励：encourage→inspire 处理：address→tackle 建立：establish→set up 2. 句式拓展： 同义句 原句：This has not only damaged the beautiful scenery of our campus but also brought potential health risks. 拓展句：Not only has this damaged the beautiful scenery of our campus, but it has also brought potential health risks. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】To address this problem, first, we should always remember to put our trash into the right bins.（运用了不定作目的状语） 【高分句型 2】We can also encourage the school to place more recycling bins around the campus to facilitate waste separation.（运用了不定式作宾语补足语） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was a kindergarten teacher, 40 years old and non-athletic. One day, Ryan, my thirteen-year-old son, approached me and said, “Mom, would you like to join in our bikeathon (自行车马拉松) next month?” As he told me the details of the bikeathon, I laughed out loudly. “What makes you think I could finish a 20-mile bikeathon?” I asked. Ryan looked straight in my eyes and said, “I know you can do it. You can be my iron (铁) mommy.” I almost laughed again. But my son was serious. So I promised him that I would consider it. When I began to think over his invitation, I surprisingly found that it would need months of training and new equipment, and that my bike needed fixing to work again. At that moment, I lost my interest in doing all of that. The next day, I went to kindergarten class. I played a familiar counting song and the kids were struggling to keep up with the beat at first. “Let’s do it again, and this time better. I know you can do it!” There it was again and again, and the kids made it to sing to the beat. Realizing my inspiring words “I know you can do it”, I was determined to have a try for the bikeathon. I told Ryan about it and asked him to give me some tips on how to get ready. I began training hard to get prepared. Then the bikeathon day came on a cool spring morning. Ryan and I set out for the site together. Ryan kept encouraging me on the road. However, as soon as I came to the starting point, which is on a hill overlooking our town and about twenty miles away from the finish line, I became a bit nervous. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Then the bikeathon began. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Encouraged by Ryan and other bikers, I regained (重新获得) my energy. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文: Then the bikeathon began. As I pushed off down the hill, the wind rushed past my face, and my heart pounded wildly. The first few miles were thrilling, but soon, my legs began to ache, and doubt flashed through my mind. “Can I really make it?” I wondered. I felt like giving up. Every mile ahead became a challenge for me. I slowed down and almost stopped. Ryan, riding beside me, noticed my hesitation. “You’re doing great, Mom! Just keep going!” he said. Besides, other bikers passing by me also cheered me. Encouraged by Ryan and other bikers, I regained (重新获得) my energy. Taking a deep breath, I focused on the beat of my riding, just like how my kindergarten kids followed the beat of the counting song. The pain in my legs was still there, but the cheers around me made it feel lighter. Mile after mile, I pushed forward, repeating Ryan’s words in my head: “You can do it, Iron Mommy!” When I finally crossed the finish line, my heart was filled with pride. I had done it. That day, I truly became Ryan’s “iron mommy”. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一位40岁的幼儿园教师妈妈，作为自认“毫无运动细胞”的普通女性，在十三岁儿子Ryan邀请她参加20英里自行车马拉松时，第一反应是哈哈大笑地反问“你怎么会觉得我能完成”。当第二天在幼儿园课堂上，她发现自己反复鼓励孩子们“我知道你们能做到”的话语时，突然意识到这恰是儿子对自己说过的“你可以成为我的铁人妈妈”——这个顿悟让她决定接受挑战。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“然后自行车马拉松开始了。”可知，第一段可描写作者参加自行车马拉松的经过，刚开始比较愉快，但是一度的疲劳让作者想放弃，在作者几乎停下时，收到儿子和同行者的鼓励。 ②由第二段首句内容“在Ryan和其他骑自行车的人的鼓励下，我恢复了体力。”可知，第二段可描写作者克服身体的痛苦，最终完成了比赛而感到自豪。 2. 续写线索：比赛开始——愉快——痛苦——想放弃——鼓励——继续比赛——坚持——完成比赛——自豪 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①开始出发：push off/set off ②注意到：notice/observe/spot/take notice of ③鼓励：cheer/encourage 情绪类 ①令人兴奋的：thrilling/exciting ②自豪：pride /sense of accomplishment 【点睛】[高分句型1]As I pushed off down the hill, the wind rushed past my face, and my heart pounded wildly.(as引导的时间状语从句) [高分句型2]Taking a deep breath, I focused on the beat of my riding, just like how my kindergarten kids followed the beat of the counting song.(how引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024-2025学年度第二学期期末考试 高一英语试卷 本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分 满分150分，考试时间120分钟 第I卷（选择题共95分） 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍 1. What is the woman ? A. A teacher. B. A secretary. C. A student. 2. What does the woman say about Tom? A. He works hard. B. He is clever. C. He is popular. 3. What are the speakers talking about? A. Where to meet Mr.Jackson. B. When to meet Mr.Jackson. C. Whether to call Mr.Jackson. 4. How will the man go to the airport tomorrow? A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By car. 5. Where will the woman go tonight? A. A theater. B. A restaurant. C. A bar. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 6. What does Nora prefer? A. A job with higher salary. B. A flat near the city center. C. A room of her own. 7. What is the kitchen like? A. Well-equipped. B. Old. C. Small. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. Where did the man grow up? A. In the countryside. B. In a small town. C. In a city. 9. What do the speakers see in the streets now? A. A lot of rubbish. B. Kids playing balls. C. Nice shops. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10. How did Mr. Lam help Martin? A. By offering him a part－time job. B. By giving him some pocket money. C. By helping him with his study. 11. What is Martin’s opinion on the club? A. It is expensive. B. It is satisfying. C. It is useless. 12. What advice does Martin offer? A. Putting a letter box outside the club's room. B. Making a note of students’ problems. C. Keeping in touch with students. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 13. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At a company. B. In a factory. C. At the woman’s house. 14. Why is the man coming to the university? A. He’ll teach there. B. He’ll study there. C. He’ll visit a friend there. 15. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Make phone calls at night. B. Keep the living room clean. C. Turn off the TV. 16. What should the man do if he wants to have a long talk on the phone? A. Make the phone at midnight. B. Go to the end of the road. C. Ask the woman for permission. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. Why is Mr. Chaplin absent? A. He’s gone to attend a meeting. B. He’s gone to have an examination. C. He’s gone to take a training course. 18. What exam do the students have today? A. An English exam. B. A Chinese exam. C. A math exam. 19. When does the exam end? A. At 14 o’clock. B. At 9 o’clock. C. At 11 o’clock. 20. What does the speaker ask the students to do before answering the questions? A. Read the questions carefully. B. Take a deep breath. C. Write their names clearly. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑 A Here is something you need to know before your trip to Grenada. When to Go With an average annual temperature of around 25°C, the year in Grenada is divided into two seasons. The dry season is from January to May, and the rainy season is from June to December. The weather is hotter from June to November and cooler from December to March. Hurricanes happen during the rainy season. What You Need ●A valid passport book and evidence of return travel arrangements are required to enter Grenada. ●A valid passport means it doesn’t expire within 6 months after your return date. What You Can Do in Grenada There are so many fun and amazing things to do in Grenada. If you love beaches, you can find your joy in the Grand Anse Beach and the Levera Beach. And for nature lovers, Mount Qua Qua, Royal Mount Carmel Waterfalls and La Sagesse Nature Center are places you are sure to visit. You can’t miss Fort George and Fort Frederick built long ago, which have been standing for centuries. What’s more, if you like eating chocolate a lot, you can also come here in May to be part of the Grenada Chocolate Festival. Safety Grenada is very safe but it’s always careful no matter where you’re traveling. Bear these tips in your mind while in Grenada. ●Stay in well-lit and populated areas after dark. ●Don’t leave money, credit cards, cameras and other valuables unattended, especially on the beaches. ●Most hotels provide a safe in the room. Lock important things, like your passport in it. 1. In which month can you go to Grenada if you want to avoid hurricanes? A. In November. B. In March. C. In December. D. In June. 2. Which place is best for history lovers to visit? A. Fort Frederick. B. Grand Anse Beach. C. La Sagesse Nature Center. D. Royal Mount Carmel Waterfalls. 3. What are you advised to do when travelling in Grenada? A. Leave your passport on the tour bus. B. Avoid using credit cards in the hotels. C. Keep your valuable items in a hotel safe. D. Stay in less populated outdoor areas at night. B Born in Germany, Kathrine Switzer was an athletic and driven child. As a young girl, Switzer was active in various sports, but she faced huge troubles as there was a widely held attitude that women in sports were unattractive. In high school, she began to take running more seriously, often training in secret. She developed her determination (意志) and running skills through continuous practice, often running long distances to build her stamina (耐力). Switzer attended Syracuse University, where she trained with the men’s cross-country team. During this time, Switzer decided to run the Boston Marathon. As there was nothing in the official rulebook preventing women from entering, she signed up for the 1967 race. She used the name “K. V. Switzer”. As a result, race officials did not realise she was a woman. But when the race officials discovered she was a woman, they tried to stop her. Fortunately, her boyfriend Tom Miller and a group of men runners formed a sort of protective curtain around her. Finally, she completed the race in four hours and twenty minutes. After that, she decided to help other women athletes. The Boston Marathon finally began accepting women runners in 1972, and three years later, Switzer placed second at the race with a time of 2:51:37, her personal best. In 1977, she created the Avon International Running Circuit, a worldwide series of women’s races that lay the groundwork for the women’s marathon to become an Olympic event in 1984. Switzer went on to found the women’s running club, 261 Fearless, and entered the National Women’s Hall of Fame in 2011. Still an active runner, Switzer even completed the Boston Marathon in 2017-fifty years after her historic run. “When I go to the Boston Marathon now, I have wet shoulders — women fall into my arms crying,” she said. “They’re crying for joy because running has changed their lives. They feel nothing is impossible.” 4. How did Switzer train as a young girl? A. By following a professional plan. B. By joining a cross-country team. C. By keeping running secretly. D. By seeking help from her coach. 5. What can we learn about Switzer in the 1967 marathon? A. She reached her personal best. B. She broke a record set by men. C. She lent a hand to another runner. D. She was the first woman to complete it. 6. What is the result of Switzer’s 1977 running series? A. 261 Fearless was founded. B. She won many national honours. C. Women’s marathon entered the Olympics. D. Boston Marathon accepted women runners. 7. What is the best title of the text? A. Kathrine Switzer: A Pioneer in Women's Sports B. The 1967 Boston Marathon: A Race Against Time C. Seeking Possibilities: A Woman of Olympic Spirits D. Breaking Limits: The Story of a Marathon Champion C More than 500 of the world's smallest penguins have mysteriously washed up dead on beaches across New Zealand over the past couple of months. Experts aren't exactly sure what has been killing off such a large number of the cute seabirds, but they suspect that climate change may have played a role. It was not immediately clear what killed the penguins, but experts have noted that most of the dead seabirds were significantly underweight. Little penguins should weigh between 1.8 and 2.2 pounds, but some of the bodies weighed less than half that much. “There was just no body fat on them; there was hardly any muscle to show,” Graeme Taylor, a seabird scientist, told The Guardian. “When they get to that stage of emaciation (消瘦), they can’t dive, which eventually causes them to starve or die of hypothermia (体温过低) because they lack a protective layer of blubber (鲸脂).” he added. The malnourishment of the dead penguins shows that they have not been eating enough fish, their favorite food, which could be a sign of overfishing by humans. But Taylor suspects that rising ocean surface temperatures caused by global warming have forced the fish into deeper and cooler waters, where the birds can no longer reach them. "These little penguins can dive down to 20 or 30 meters, but they are not good at diving a lot deeper than that.” Taylor said. This idea could explain why little penguins from New Zealand's South Island haven't been affected, because the waters there have remained much cooler near the surface than waters farther north. “This is not the first time little penguins have died in large numbers in New Zealand. Die-offs of hundreds of little penguins have occurred about once every decade. However, this is the third time that a die-off has happened in the past 10 years, which is not a good sign.” Taylor said. “As you start seeing it happen regularly like this, then there's really not much chance for the birds to recover between the events and rebuild the numbers again.” Taylor added. 8. What do most dead little penguins on New Zealand's beaches have in common? A. They are great divers. B. They are large in size. C. They are light in weight. D. They are from the same species. 9. What does Taylor think is the possible reason for the mass death of little penguins? A. The death of lots of fish. B. The overfishing by humans. C. The inability to access enough fish. D. The low temperature of the sea surface. 10. What's Graeme Taylor's attitude towards New Zealand's little penguins' future? A. Curious. B. Uncertain. C. Optimistic. D. Concerned. 11. What can be the best title for the text? A. How global warming affects animals? B. What killed New Zealand's little penguins? C. How to save penguins living in New Zealand? D. What are the consequences of little penguins' death? D With the Earth at its hottest point in recorded history, and humans doing far from enough to stop its overheating, some astronomers and physicists are proposing an idea — create a huge sunshade (遮阳篷) and send it to a faraway point between the Earth and the sun to block a small but crucial amount of solar radiation, enough to counter global warming. Now, scientists led by Yoram Rozen. a physics professor and the Asher Space Research Institute director at Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, say they are ready to build a prototype (原型) shade to show that the idea will work. “To block the necessary amount of solar radiation, the shade would have to be about a million square miles, roughly the size of Argentina. A shade that big would weigh at least 2.5 million tons — too heavy to launch into space,” Dr. Rozen said. “So, the project must involve a series of smaller shades. They would not completely block the sun’s light but cast slightly diffused shade onto the Earth.” Dr. Rozen added that his team was ready to design a prototype shade of 100 square feet and is seeking between $10 million and $20 million to fund the demonstration. The sunshade idea has its critics (批评者). They think that a sunshade would be astronomically expensive. In addition, a solar storm or collision with stray space rocks could damage the shield, resulting in sudden, rapid warming with disastrous consequences. However, sunshade supporters say that reducing greenhouse gas emissions at this stage will not go far enough to relieve climate chaos, that carbon dioxide removal has proved extremely difficult to realize, and that every potential solution ought to be explored. Dr. Rozen said the team was still in the pre-design phase but could launch a prototype within three years after securing funds. He estimated that a full-size version would cost trillions but reduce the Earth’s temperature by 1.5 Celsius within two years. 12. What is the sunshade idea mainly about? A. Detecting the amount of solar radiation. B. Building numerous sunshades in Argentina. C. Creating a spacecraft as a block to sunshine. D. Launching the sunshade into outer space and blocking sun radiation. 13. On what basis do critics oppose the sunshade idea? A. High costs and potential risks. B. Technical barriers and heavy weights. C. Variable environment and limited time. D. Inadequate funds and incomplete research. 14. What did Dr. Rozen and his team need most? A. Technical help. B. Launch a prototype. C. Financial support. D. Official permission. 15. What’s the text mainly about? A. Building sunshade to fight warming. B. Earth’s heating problem solutions. C. Scientists’ new project on space. D. Earth’s heat crisis. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项 The Feynman Technique (费曼学习法) is a powerful method that you can use to learn anything faster because it forces you to actively think about the problem instead of passively reading or listening to someone else talk about it. You can take the following five simple steps to study better. Find out the topic you want to learn. ____16____. Otherwise, you’ll end up jumping between topics without developing a deeper understanding of any of them. Explain the topic as if teaching a sixth-grader. This step is the heart of the Feynman Technique —— ____17____. This requires you to meet the child at their level of understanding by using the simplest way. Discover areas of improvement in your explanation. You’ll need to critically (批判性地) review the explanation you came up with in Step Two. ____18____. Try to find any knowledge gaps, together with any areas where you felt that you couldn’t explain the topic simply. ____19____. Think about all the knowledge gaps and other areas of improvement you found before. Consider how you can fill in those gaps and make your explanation better. Repeat the steps until you’ve achieved mastery of the topic. Keep going through each step until you’re fully satisfied with your explanation. ____20____, and that is why going through all the prior steps just once is usually not enough to achieve topic mastery. A. Improve your explanation. B. To do so, take a critical look at your explanation C. Make sure that your explanation is interest-based D. Your explanations need to be short and to the point E. The Feynman Technique works best with a repeat F. It’s important that you clearly know the topics you’re trying to learn G. Explaining the topic simply enough to be understood by a sixth-grade student 第三部分 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Wang Chuqin, a champion in table tennis at the Paris Olympics, gained widespread media attention recently. His fan club on Weibo made a big ____21____ — it shut down its fan group. This was a brave move against “fandom culture”. The action got a lot of attention and became a hot topic on social media. Not only Wang Chuqin, but other athletes like Wang Chang and Liang Weikeng from the Chinese national badminton team also ____22____ their Weibo fan groups. This shows that many athletes are ____23____ this problem of fandom culture. The General Administration of Sport of China noticed too. They held a meeting to deal with the bad ____24____ related to “fandom culture”. Gao Zhidan, the head, said they need to ____25____ it better, raise public awareness, and prevent risks. This is to protect athletes and keep Chinese sports ____26____ developed. “Fandom culture” has a bad ____27____ on athletes. Wang and Fan Zhendong, famous table tennis players, have ____28____ trouble. They were surrounded by ____29____ fans at airports, and some fans even ignored their requests for privacy. Both athletes asked fans to respect their personal ____30____. In response, Wang Chuqin made a statement on Weibo. He ____31____ the practice of “photographers keeping pace with his every step” and ____32____ fans to respect athletes’ privacy. “I don’t want people to wait outside airports to follow and photograph us,” he said. “This disturbs public ____33____ and severely affects our daily lives.” He continued, “On the court, I am an athlete; off the court, I am just an ordinary person. I hope everyone can respect each other’s privacy, maintain ____34____, and allow me some personal space. Thank you.” Fan has previously experienced similar disturbances, including disorderly scenes at airports and incidents ____35____ stalker fans followed him and even entered his hotel room. 21. A. threat B. forecast C. attempt D. decision 22. A. broke in B. broke out C. broke up D. broke down 23. A. for B. against C. with D. towards 24. A. news B. story C. behavior D. campaign 25. A. manage B. create C. obey D. study 26. A. completely B. weakly C. healthily D. competitively 27. A. impact B. example C. model D. image 28. A. solved B. caused C. avoided D. experienced 29. A. crazy B. capable C. accurate D. chief 30. A. time B. space C. energy D. right 31. A. praised B. accepted C. ignored D. criticized 32. A. forced B. ordered C. urged D. begged 33. A. order B. rule C. responsibility D. action 34. A. distance B. relationship C. connection D. friendship 35. A. that B. who C. where D. whose 第Ⅱ卷非选择题(共55分) 第四部分语法填空(共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Chinese culture, colors speak louder than words. For over 3,000 years, people have been using colors ____36____ (express) philosophical ideas and social values. The system originates from the Five Elements theory, which connects colors with natural forces. Red, for instance, is seen ____37____ the color of luck since ancient times because it represents fire — the element that brings ____38____ (warm) and protection. During the Tang Dynasty, strict rules governed color use. Only emperors could wear bright yellow, ___39___ was believed to symbolize earth’s central position. Ordinary people were not allowed to use this color until 1912 when the last dynasty ____40____ (fall). Today, this tradition continues in understated ways. When you visit the Forbidden City, you’ll notice its golden roofs still shine under the sun, ____41____ (remind) visitors of China’s imperial past. Modern technology gives ____42____ (tradition) colors new life. Designers of the 2022 Winter Olympics uniforms ____43____ (careful) studied ancient paintings to create their “Azure Blue” theme. Smartphone ___44___ (company) also play with cultural meanings — The popular “Ink Jade” phone color was inspired by the black ink stones used by scholars. Interestingly, young people today are more actively learning about color traditions ____45____ often have them combined with Western styles. As an artist puts it, “Colors are like time travelers that connect different eras through beauty.” 第五部分写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 近期，学校出现了垃圾乱扔现象，为了加强学生们的环保意识，学校打算开展“为校园卫生出谋献策”的活动。假如你是李华，请你用英语给全校学生写一封倡议书。 内容要点如下： 1. 校园近况；2. 建议采取的措施（2-3点）；3. 呼吁大家行动起来。 注意： 1. 写作词数为80左右； 2. 请按照如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear fellow students, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was a kindergarten teacher, 40 years old and non-athletic. One day, Ryan, my thirteen-year-old son, approached me and said, “Mom, would you like to join in our bikeathon (自行车马拉松) next month?” As he told me the details of the bikeathon, I laughed out loudly. “What makes you think I could finish a 20-mile bikeathon?” I asked. Ryan looked straight in my eyes and said, “I know you can do it. You can be my iron (铁) mommy.” I almost laughed again. But my son was serious. So I promised him that I would consider it. When I began to think over his invitation, I surprisingly found that it would need months of training and new equipment, and that my bike needed fixing to work again. At that moment, I lost my interest in doing all of that. The next day, I went to kindergarten class. I played a familiar counting song and the kids were struggling to keep up with the beat at first. “Let’s do it again, and this time better. I know you can do it!” There it was again and again, and the kids made it to sing to the beat. Realizing my inspiring words “I know you can do it”, I was determined to have a try for the bikeathon. I told Ryan about it and asked him to give me some tips on how to get ready. I began training hard to get prepared. Then the bikeathon day came on a cool spring morning. Ryan and I set out for the site together. Ryan kept encouraging me on the road. However, as soon as I came to the starting point, which is on a hill overlooking our town and about twenty miles away from the finish line, I became a bit nervous. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Then the bikeathon began. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Encouraged by Ryan and other bikers, I regained (重新获得) my energy. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $So my flight is tomorrow at two forty. How will you get to the airport? Will you go by bus or do you need a taxi? I'll just take the . company car this time.